LOANS | LOANS The Company’s loan portfolio is segregated into the following segments: commercial real estate, commercial and industrial, residential mortgage, and consumer. Commercial real estate loans include construction and other commercial real estate. Residential mortgage loans include classes for 1-4 family owner occupied and construction loans. Consumer loans include home equity, direct and indirect auto, and other. These portfolio segments each have unique risk characteristics that are considered when determining the appropriate level for the allowance for loan losses. A substantial portion of the loan portfolio is secured by real estate in Massachusetts, southern Vermont, northeastern New York, New Jersey, and in the Bank’s other New England lending areas. The ability of many of the Bank’s borrowers to honor their contracts is dependent, among other things, on the specific economy and real estate markets of these areas. Total loans include business activity loans and acquired loans. Acquired loans are those loans acquired from previous mergers and acquisitions. Acquired loans that are refinanced are transferred to business activity loans. Business activity and acquired loans are serviced, managed, and accounted for under the Company's same control environment. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company reclassified $169 million of aircraft loans and $29 million of homeowners association loans from commercial and industrial to held-for-sale, reflecting its intent to sell these portfolios. These loans are not contained in the balances below and are accounted for at the lower of carrying value or fair market value. The Company reviews these loans at least quarterly for impairment. The following is a summary of total loans: September 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 (In thousands) Business Acquired Total Business Acquired Total Commercial real estate: Construction $ 320,492 $ 59,840 $ 380,332 $ 327,792 $ 25,220 $ 353,012 Other commercial real estate 2,436,759 1,211,370 3,648,129 2,260,919 786,290 3,047,209 Total commercial real estate 2,757,251 1,271,210 4,028,461 2,588,711 811,510 3,400,221 Commercial and industrial loans: 1,383,530 461,556 1,845,086 1,513,538 466,508 1,980,046 Total commercial loans 4,140,781 1,732,766 5,873,547 4,102,249 1,278,018 5,380,267 Residential mortgages: 1-4 family 2,249,158 574,442 2,823,600 2,317,716 238,952 2,556,668 Construction 9,653 5,404 15,057 9,582 174 9,756 Total residential mortgages 2,258,811 579,846 2,838,657 2,327,298 239,126 2,566,424 Consumer loans: Home equity 278,783 115,265 394,048 289,961 86,719 376,680 Auto and other 560,080 52,309 612,389 647,236 72,646 719,882 Total consumer loans 838,863 167,574 1,006,437 937,197 159,365 1,096,562 Total loans $ 7,238,455 $ 2,480,186 $ 9,718,641 $ 7,366,744 $ 1,676,509 $ 9,043,253 The carrying amount of the acquired loans at September 30, 2019 totaled $2.5 billion . A subset of these loans were determined to have evidence of credit deterioration at acquisition date, which is accounted for in accordance with ASC 310-30. These purchased credit-impaired loans presently maintain a carrying value of $69.3 million (and a note balance of $163.9 million ). These loans are evaluated for impairment through the periodic reforecasting of expected cash flows. Loans considered not credit-impaired at acquisition date had a carrying amount of $2.4 billion . At December 31, 2018, acquired loans maintained a carrying value of $1.7 billion and purchased credit-impaired loans totaled $47.3 million (note balance of $124.0 million). Loans considered not credit-impaired at acquisition date had a carrying amount of $1.6 billion . The following table summarizes activity in the accretable yield for the acquired loan portfolio that falls under the purview of ASC 310-30, Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality : Three Months Ended September 30, (In thousands) 2019 2018 Balance at beginning of period $ 5,420 $ 6,304 Acquisitions — — Accretion (2,872 ) (4,548 ) Net reclassifications from (to) nonaccretable difference 2,066 3,410 Payments received, net (196 ) (543 ) Balance at end of period $ 4,418 $ 4,623 Nine Months Ended September 30, (In thousands) 2019 2018 Balance at beginning of period $ 2,840 $ 11,561 Acquisitions 4,200 — Accretion (6,470 ) (14,862 ) Net reclassifications from (to) nonaccretable difference 4,195 10,460 Payments received, net (356 ) (2,455 ) Reclassification to TDR 9 — Disposals — (81 ) Balance at end of period $ 4,418 $ 4,623 The following is a summary of past due loans at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018: Business Activities Loans (In thousands) 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 Total Past Current Total Loans Past Due > September 30, 2019 Commercial real estate: Construction $ — $ — $ 4,794 $ 4,794 $ 315,698 $ 320,492 $ 4,794 Other commercial real estate 471 1 13,594 14,066 2,422,693 2,436,759 268 Total 471 1 18,388 18,860 2,738,391 2,757,251 5,062 Commercial and industrial loans: Total 1,271 636 11,375 13,282 1,370,248 1,383,530 1 Residential mortgages: 1-4 family 369 1,225 3,056 4,650 2,244,508 2,249,158 873 Construction — — — — 9,653 9,653 — Total 369 1,225 3,056 4,650 2,254,161 2,258,811 873 Consumer loans: — Home equity — 50 1,376 1,426 277,357 278,783 111 Auto and other 3,506 790 2,931 7,227 552,853 560,080 1 Total 3,506 840 4,307 8,653 830,210 838,863 112 Total $ 5,617 $ 2,702 $ 37,126 $ 45,445 $ 7,193,010 $ 7,238,455 $ 6,048 Business Activities Loans (In thousands) 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 Total Past Current Total Loans Past Due > December 31, 2018 Commercial real estate: Construction $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 327,792 $ 327,792 $ — Other commercial real estate 913 276 18,833 20,022 2,240,897 2,260,919 993 Total 913 276 18,833 20,022 2,568,689 2,588,711 993 Commercial and industrial loans: Total 4,694 975 4,636 10,305 1,503,233 1,513,538 4 Residential mortgages: 1-4 family 1,631 1,619 1,440 4,690 2,313,026 2,317,716 66 Construction — — — — 9,582 9,582 — Total 1,631 1,619 1,440 4,690 2,322,608 2,327,298 66 Consumer loans: Home equity 618 15 933 1,566 288,395 289,961 — Auto and other 3,543 615 1,699 5,857 641,379 647,236 — Total 4,161 630 2,632 7,423 929,774 937,197 — Total $ 11,399 $ 3,500 $ 27,541 $ 42,440 $ 7,324,304 $ 7,366,744 $ 1,063 Acquired Loans (In thousands) 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 Total Past Acquired Total Loans Past Due > September 30, 2019 Commercial real estate: Construction $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,403 $ 59,840 $ — Other commercial real estate 8,649 199 3,149 11,997 26,355 1,211,370 645 Total 8,649 199 3,149 11,997 27,758 1,271,210 645 Commercial and industrial loans: Total 1,152 455 1,064 2,671 29,101 461,556 214 Residential mortgages: 1-4 family 1,662 23 917 2,602 11,654 574,442 38 Construction — — — — — 5,404 — Total 1,662 23 917 2,602 11,654 579,846 38 Consumer loans: Home equity 472 78 760 1,310 559 115,265 22 Auto and other 155 34 258 447 245 52,309 — Total 627 112 1,018 1,757 804 167,574 22 Total $ 12,090 $ 789 $ 6,148 $ 19,027 $ 69,317 $ 2,480,186 $ 919 Acquired Loans (In thousands) 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 Total Past Acquired Total Loans Past Due > December 31, 2018 Commercial real estate: — Construction $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 25,220 $ — Other commercial real estate 2,603 1,127 4,183 7,913 11,994 786,290 1,652 Total 2,603 1,127 4,183 7,913 11,994 811,510 1,652 Commercial and industrial loans: Total 217 147 1,515 1,879 29,539 466,508 144 Residential mortgages: 1-4 family 1,382 144 918 2,444 4,888 238,952 75 Construction — — — — — 174 — Total 1,382 144 918 2,444 4,888 239,126 75 Consumer loans: Home equity 290 148 751 1,189 553 86,719 — Auto and other 193 62 547 802 314 72,646 96 Total 483 210 1,298 1,991 867 159,365 96 Total $ 4,685 $ 1,628 $ 7,914 $ 14,227 $ 47,288 $ 1,676,509 $ 1,967 The following is summary information pertaining to non-accrual loans at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018: September 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 (In thousands) Business Acquired Total Business Acquired Total Commercial real estate: Construction $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Other commercial real estate 13,326 2,504 15,830 17,840 2,531 20,371 Total 13,326 2,504 15,830 17,840 2,531 20,371 Commercial and industrial loans: Total 11,374 850 12,224 4,632 1,371 6,003 Residential mortgages: 1-4 family 2,183 879 3,062 1,374 843 2,217 Construction — — — — — — Total 2,183 879 3,062 1,374 843 2,217 Consumer loans: Home equity 1,265 738 2,003 933 751 1,684 Auto and other 2,930 258 3,188 1,699 451 2,150 Total 4,195 996 5,191 2,632 1,202 3,834 Total non-accrual loans $ 31,078 $ 5,229 $ 36,307 $ 26,478 $ 5,947 $ 32,425 Loans evaluated for impairment as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 were as follows: Business Activities Loans (In thousands) Commercial Commercial and Residential Consumer Total September 30, 2019 Loans receivable: Balance at end of period Individually evaluated for impairment $ 18,009 $ 9,370 $ 2,685 $ 642 $ 30,706 Collectively evaluated for impairment 2,739,242 1,374,160 2,256,126 838,221 7,207,749 Total $ 2,757,251 $ 1,383,530 $ 2,258,811 $ 838,863 $ 7,238,455 Business Activities Loans (In thousands) Commercial Commercial and Residential Consumer Total December 31, 2018 Loans receivable: Balance at end of year Individually evaluated for impairment $ 23,345 $ 2,825 $ 2,089 $ 342 $ 28,601 Collectively evaluated for impairment 2,565,366 1,510,713 2,325,209 936,855 7,338,143 Total $ 2,588,711 $ 1,513,538 $ 2,327,298 $ 937,197 $ 7,366,744 Acquired Loans (In thousands) Commercial Commercial and Residential Consumer Total September 30, 2019 Loans receivable: Balance at end of Period Individually evaluated for impairment $ 2,813 $ 336 $ 375 $ 516 $ 4,040 Purchased credit-impaired loans 27,758 29,101 11,654 804 69,317 Collectively evaluated for impairment 1,240,639 432,119 567,817 166,254 2,406,829 Total $ 1,271,210 $ 461,556 $ 579,846 $ 167,574 $ 2,480,186 Acquired Loans (In thousands) Commercial Commercial and Residential Consumer Total December 31, 2018 Loans receivable: Balance at end of year Individually evaluated for impairment $ 3,980 $ 763 $ 362 $ 646 $ 5,751 Purchased credit-impaired loans 11,994 29,539 4,888 867 47,288 Collectively evaluated for impairment 795,536 436,206 233,876 157,852 1,623,470 Total $ 811,510 $ 466,508 $ 239,126 $ 159,365 $ 1,676,509 The following is a summary of impaired loans at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018: Business Activities Loans September 30, 2019 (In thousands) Recorded Investment (1) Unpaid Principal Related Allowance With no related allowance: Other commercial real estate $ 17,542 $ 32,064 $ — Commercial and industrial loans 5,002 10,151 — Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 376 439 — Consumer - home equity 34 239 — Consumer - other — — — With an allowance recorded: Other commercial real estate $ 487 $ 502 $ 7 Commercial and industrial loans 4,314 6,671 88 Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 2,341 2,633 109 Consumer - home equity 604 616 43 Consumer - other 10 10 1 Total Commercial real estate $ 18,029 $ 32,566 $ 7 Commercial and industrial loans 9,316 16,822 88 Residential mortgages 2,717 3,072 109 Consumer 648 865 44 Total impaired loans $ 30,710 $ 53,325 $ 248 (1) The Recorded Investment represents the face amount of the loan increased or decreased by applicable accrued interest, net deferred loan fees and costs, and unamortized premium or discount, and reflects direct charge-offs. These amounts are components of total loans and other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. (2) The Unpaid Principal Balance represents the customer's legal obligation to the Company. Business Activities Loans December 31, 2018 (In thousands) Recorded Investment (1) Unpaid Principal Related Allowance With no related allowance: Other commercial real estate loans $ 22,606 $ 31,038 $ — Commercial and industrial loans 1,584 2,566 — Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 443 441 — Consumer - home equity 230 242 — Consumer - other — — — With an allowance recorded: Other commercial real estate loans $ 666 $ 670 $ 9 Commercial and industrial loans 1,251 1,235 49 Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 1,663 1,779 128 Consumer - home equity 100 106 10 Consumer - other 13 13 1 Total Commercial real estate $ 23,272 $ 31,708 $ 9 Commercial and industrial loans 2,835 3,801 49 Residential mortgages 2,106 2,220 128 Consumer 343 361 11 Total impaired loans $ 28,556 $ 38,090 $ 197 (1) The Recorded Investment represents the face amount of the loan increased or decreased by applicable accrued interest, net deferred loan fees and costs, and unamortized premium or discount, and reflects direct charge-offs. This amount is a component of total loans on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. (2) The Unpaid Principal Balance represents the customer's legal obligation to the Company. Acquired Loans September 30, 2019 (In thousands) Recorded Investment (1) Unpaid Principal Related Allowance With no related allowance: Other commercial real estate loans $ 1,453 $ 4,254 $ — Commercial and industrial loans 307 500 — Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 293 294 — Consumer - home equity 426 846 — Consumer - other — — — With an allowance recorded: Other commercial real estate loans $ 1,360 $ 1,372 $ 113 Commercial and industrial loans 28 30 1 Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 86 111 8 Consumer - home equity 50 50 1 Consumer - other 40 38 5 Total x Commercial real estate $ 2,813 $ 5,626 $ 113 Commercial and industrial loans 335 530 1 Residential mortgages 379 405 8 Consumer 516 934 6 Total impaired loans $ 4,043 $ 7,495 $ 128 (1) The Recorded Investment represents the face amount of the loan increased or decreased by applicable accrued interest, net deferred loan fees and costs, and unamortized premium or discount, and reflects direct charge-offs. This amount is a component of total loans on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. (2) The Unpaid Principal Balance represents the customer's legal obligation to the Company. Acquired Loans December 31, 2018 (In thousands) Recorded Investment (1) Unpaid Principal Related Allowance With no related allowance: Other commercial real estate loans $ 3,055 $ 5,959 $ — Other commercial and industrial loans 538 644 — Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 271 324 — Consumer - home equity 399 1,053 — Consumer - other — 11 — With an allowance recorded: Other commercial real estate loans $ 925 $ 947 $ 9 Commercial and industrial loans 228 232 4 Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 94 117 36 Consumer - home equity 205 196 41 Consumer - other 43 40 7 Total Commercial real estate $ 3,980 $ 6,906 $ 9 Commercial and industrial loans 766 876 4 Residential mortgages 365 441 36 Consumer 647 1,300 48 Total impaired loans $ 5,758 $ 9,523 $ 97 (1) The Recorded Investment represents the face amount of the loan increased or decreased by applicable accrued interest, net deferred loan fees and costs, and unamortized premium or discount, and reflects direct charge-offs. This amount is a component of total loans on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. (2) The Unpaid Principal Balance represents the customer's legal obligation to the Company. The following is a summary of the average recorded investment and interest income recognized on impaired loans as of September 30, 2019 and 2018: Business Activities Loans Nine Months Ended Nine Months Ended (In thousands) Average Cash Basis Average Cash Basis With no related allowance: Other commercial real estate loans $ 20,232 $ 289 $ 24,277 $ 277 Commercial and industrial loans 2,842 395 2,451 343 Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 380 15 683 22 Consumer - home equity 164 2 797 10 Consumer - other — — — — With an allowance recorded: Other commercial real estate loans $ 545 $ 17 $ 1,415 $ 60 Commercial and industrial loans 3,053 453 1,395 111 Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 2,035 101 1,401 47 Consumer - home equity 267 24 44 2 Consumer - other 11 — 15 1 Total Commercial real estate $ 20,777 $ 306 $ 25,692 $ 337 Commercial and industrial loans 5,895 848 3,846 454 Residential mortgages 2,415 116 2,084 69 Consumer loans 442 26 856 13 Total impaired loans $ 29,529 $ 1,296 $ 32,478 $ 873 Acquired Loans Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 (In thousands) Average Cash Basis Average Cash Basis With no related allowance: Other commercial real estate loans $ 1,295 $ 55 $ 4,354 $ 212 Commercial and industrial loans 465 40 552 40 Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 224 10 572 6 Consumer - home equity 441 13 766 2 Consumer - other — — 16 1 With an allowance recorded: Other commercial real estate loans $ 1,073 $ 46 $ 1,225 $ 53 Commercial and industrial loans 29 2 202 32 Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 89 5 80 6 Consumer - home equity 50 2 148 4 Consumer - other 42 1 — — Total Commercial real estate $ 2,368 $ 101 $ 5,579 $ 265 Commercial and industrial loans 494 42 754 72 Residential mortgages 313 15 652 12 Consumer loans 533 16 930 7 Total impaired loans $ 3,708 $ 174 $ 7,915 $ 356 Troubled Debt Restructuring Loans The Company’s loan portfolio also includes certain loans that have been modified in a Troubled Debt Restructuring (TDR), where economic concessions have been granted to borrowers who have experienced or are expected to experience financial difficulties. These concessions typically result from the Company’s loss mitigation activities and could include reductions in the interest rate, payment extensions, forgiveness of principal, forbearance, or other actions. Certain TDRs are classified as nonperforming at the time of restructure and may only be returned to performing status after considering the borrower’s sustained repayment performance for a reasonable period, generally six months . TDRs are evaluated individually for impairment and may result in a specific allowance amount allocated to an individual loan. The following tables include the recorded investment and number of modifications identified during the three and nine ended September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018. The table includes the recorded investment in the loans prior to a modification and also the recorded investment in the loans after the loans were restructured. The modifications for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 were attributable to interest rate concessions, principal concessions, maturity date extensions, modified payment terms, reamortization, and accelerated maturity. Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 (Dollars in thousands) Number of Pre-Modification Post-Modification Troubled Debt Restructurings Commercial real estate — $ — $ — Commercial and industrial — — — Residential - 1-4 Family 2 65 65 Total 2 $ 65 $ 65 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 (Dollars in thousands) Number of Pre-Modification Post-Modification Troubled Debt Restructurings Commercial real estate 2 $ 145 $ 145 Commercial and industrial 3 475 472 Residential - 1-4 Family 2 65 65 Total 7 $ 685 $ 682 Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 (Dollars in thousands) Number of Pre-Modification Post-Modification Troubled Debt Restructurings Commercial and industrial — $ — $ — Residential - 1-4 Family 1 30 30 Total 1 $ 30 $ 30 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 (Dollars in thousands) Number of Pre-Modification Post-Modification Troubled Debt Restructurings 19 Commercial and industrial 4 1,995 1,924 Residential - 1-4 Family 2 148 148 Total 6 $ 2,143 $ 2,072 The following table discloses the recorded investments and numbers of modifications for TDRs where a concession has been made within the previous 12 months, that then defaulted in the respective reporting period. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, there was one loan that were restructured that had subsequently defaulted during the period. There were no TDRs that defaulted within 12 months of modifications during the three months ended September 30, 2018. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, there were two loans that were restructured that had subsequently defaulted during the period. Modifications that Subsequently Defaulted Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 (Dollars in thousands) Number of Contracts Recorded Investment Troubled Debt Restructurings Commercial real estate — — Commercial and industrial 1 195 Modifications that Subsequently Defaulted Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 (Dollars in thousands) Number of Contracts Recorded Investment Troubled Debt Restructurings Commercial real estate — — Commercial and industrial 1 195 Modifications that Subsequently Defaulted Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 (Dollars in thousands) Number of Contracts Recorded Investment Troubled Debt Restructurings Commercial real estate — — Commercial and industrial — — Modifications that Subsequently Defaulted Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 (Dollars in thousands) Number of Contracts Recorded Investment Troubled Debt Restructurings Commercial real estate 1 5,992 Commercial and industrial 1 1,065 The following table presents the Company’s TDR activity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018: Three Months Ended September 30, (In thousands) 2019 2018 Balance at beginning of the period $ 25,089 $ 33,507 Principal payments (3,876 ) (3,567 ) TDR status change (1) — — Other reductions (2) (1,548 ) (1,206 ) Newly identified TDRs 65 30 Balance at end of the period $ 19,730 $ 28,764 Nine Months Ended September 30, (In thousands) 2019 2018 Balance at beginning of the period $ 27,415 $ 41,990 Principal payments (5,664 ) (6,718 ) TDR status change (1) — — Other reductions (2) (2,703 ) (8,580 ) Newly identified TDRs 682 2,072 Balance at end of the period $ 19,730 $ 28,764 _________________________________ (1) TDR status change classification represents TDR loans with a specified interest rate equal to or greater than the rate that the Company was willing to accept at the time of the restructuring for a new loan with comparable risk and the loan was on current payment status and not impaired based on the terms specified by the restructuring agreement. (2) Other reductions classification consists of transfer to other real estate owned, payoffs, charge-offs, and advances to loans. The evaluation of certain loans individually for specific impairment includes loans that were previously classified as TDRs or continue to be classified as TDRs. As of September 30, 2019 , the Company maintained no foreclosed residential real estate property. Residential mortgage loans collateralized by real estate property that were in the process of foreclosure as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 totaled $7.1 million and $3.2 million , respectively. As of December 31, 2018, the Company maintained no |