LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES | 90 Days Past Due Total Past Current Total Loans Past Due > December 31, 2019 Commercial real estate: Construction $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 382,014 $ 382,014 $ — Commercial real estate 423 89 15,623 16,135 2,398,807 2,414,942 — Total 423 89 15,623 16,135 2,780,821 2,796,956 — Commercial and industrial loans Total 2,841 2,033 10,662 15,536 1,427,081 1,442,617 122 Residential mortgages: 1-4 family 1,669 714 3,350 5,733 2,138,084 2,143,817 800 Construction — — — — 4,641 4,641 — Total 1,669 714 3,350 5,733 2,142,725 2,148,458 800 Consumer loans: Home equity 149 — 1,147 1,296 272,571 273,867 52 Auto and other 4,709 990 2,729 8,428 496,171 504,599 1 Total 4,858 990 3,876 9,724 768,742 778,466 53 Total $ 9,791 $ 3,826 $ 33,511 $ 47,128 $ 7,119,369 $ 7,166,497 $ 975 Acquired Loans (in thousands) 30-59 Days 60-89 Days >90 Days Past Due Total Past Acquired Total Loans Past Due > December 31, 2019 Commercial real estate: Construction $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,396 $ 47,792 $ — Commercial real estate 3,907 245 10,247 14,399 21,639 1,189,521 5,751 Total 3,907 245 10,247 14,399 23,035 1,237,313 5,751 Commercial and industrial loans Total 888 299 1,275 2,462 26,718 397,891 442 Residential mortgages: 1-4 family 745 491 932 2,168 10,840 533,536 139 Construction — — — — — 3,478 — Total 745 491 932 2,168 10,840 537,014 139 Consumer loans: Home equity 346 222 789 1,357 540 106,724 72 Auto and other 120 22 265 407 286 56,989 — Total 466 244 1,054 1,764 826 163,713 72 Total $ 6,006 $ 1,279 $ 13,508 $ 20,793 $ 61,419 $ 2,335,931 $ 6,404 The following is summary information pertaining to non-accrual loans at December 31, 2019: December 31, 2019 (In thousands) Business Activities Acquired Loans Total Commercial real estate: Construction $ — $ — $ — Other commercial real estate 15,623 4,496 20,119 Total 15,623 4,496 20,119 Commercial and industrial loans: Total 10,540 833 11,373 Residential mortgages: 1-4 family 2,550 793 3,343 Construction — — — Total 2,550 793 3,343 Consumer loans: Home equity 1,095 717 1,812 Auto and other 2,728 265 2,993 Total 3,823 982 4,805 Total non-accrual loans $ 32,536 $ 7,104 $ 39,640 Loans evaluated for impairment as of December 31, 2019 were as follows: Business Activities Loans (In thousands) Commercial Commercial Residential Consumer Total Loans receivable: Balance at end of year Individually evaluated for impairment $ 19,192 $ 9,167 $ 3,019 $ 630 $ 32,008 Collectively evaluated 2,777,764 1,433,450 2,145,439 777,836 7,134,489 Total $ 2,796,956 $ 1,442,617 $ 2,148,458 $ 778,466 $ 7,166,497 Acquired Loans (In thousands) Commercial Commercial Residential Consumer Total Loans receivable: Balance at end of year Individually evaluated for impairment $ 4,241 $ 464 $ 372 $ 575 $ 5,652 Purchased credit-impaired loans 23,035 26,718 10,840 826 61,419 Collectively evaluated 1,210,037 370,709 525,802 162,312 2,268,860 Total $ 1,237,313 $ 397,891 $ 537,014 $ 163,713 $ 2,335,931 The following is a summary of impaired loans at December 31, 2019: Business Activities Loans December 31, 2019 (In thousands) Recorded Investment (1) Unpaid Principal Related Allowance With no related allowance: Other commercial real estate loans $ 18,676 $ 37,493 $ — Commercial and industrial loans 4,805 10,104 — Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 433 699 — Consumer - home equity 32 238 — Consumer - other — — — With an allowance recorded: Other commercial real estate loans $ 550 $ 1,411 $ 20 Commercial and industrial loans 4,166 12,136 122 Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 2,615 2,924 109 Consumer - home equity 594 614 42 Consumer - other 8 8 1 Total Commercial real estate $ 19,226 $ 38,904 $ 20 Commercial and industrial loans 8,971 22,240 122 Residential mortgages 3,048 3,623 109 Consumer 634 860 43 Total impaired loans $ 31,879 $ 65,627 $ 294 (1) The Recorded Investment represents the face amount of the loan increased or decreased by applicable accrued interest, net deferred loan fees and costs, and unamortized premium or discount, and reflects direct charge-offs. This amount is a component of total loans on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. (2) The Unpaid Principal Balance represents the customer's legal obligation to the Company. Acquired Loans December 31, 2019 (In thousands) Recorded Investment (1) Unpaid Principal Related Allowance With no related allowance: Other commercial real estate loans $ 3,200 $ 6,021 $ — Other commercial and industrial loans 437 532 — Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 292 293 — Consumer - home equity 416 844 — Consumer - other — — — With an allowance recorded: Other commercial real estate loans $ 1,033 $ 1,050 $ 97 Commercial and industrial loans 28 30 1 Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 84 110 8 Consumer - home equity 121 123 6 Consumer - other 39 37 6 Total Commercial real estate $ 4,233 $ 7,071 $ 97 Commercial and industrial loans 465 562 1 Residential mortgages 376 403 8 Consumer 576 1,004 12 Total impaired loans $ 5,650 $ 9,040 $ 118 (1) The Recorded Investment represents the face amount of the loan increased or decreased by applicable accrued interest, net deferred loan fees and costs, and unamortized premium or discount, and reflects direct charge-offs. This amount is a component of total loans on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. (2) The Unpaid Principal Balance represents the customer's legal obligation to the Company. The following is a summary of the average recorded investment and interest income recognized on impaired loans as of December 31, 2019: Business Activities Loans December 31, 2019 (in thousands) Average Recorded Cash Basis Interest With no related allowance: Other commercial real estate $ 19,805 $ 586 Other commercial and industrial 3,165 523 Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 185 17 Consumer-home equity 148 3 Consumer-other — — With an allowance recorded: Other commercial real estate $ 374 $ 107 Other commercial and industrial 2,533 793 Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 2,427 150 Consumer-home equity 349 32 Consumer - other 11 1 Total Commercial real estate $ 20,179 $ 693 Commercial and industrial 5,698 1,316 Residential mortgages 2,612 167 Consumer loans 508 36 Total impaired loans $ 28,997 $ 2,212 Acquired Loans December 31, 2019 (in thousands) Average Recorded Cash Basis Interest With no related allowance: Other commercial real estate $ 1,603 $ 117 Other commercial and industrial 441 51 Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 241 11 Consumer - home equity 475 23 Consumer - other — — With an allowance recorded: Other commercial real estate $ 1,005 $ 59 Other commercial and industrial 29 2 Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 88 7 Consumer - home equity 68 6 Consumer - other 41 2 Total Commercial real estate $ 2,608 $ 176 Commercial and industrial 470 53 Residential mortgages 329 18 Consumer loans 584 31 Total impaired loans $ 3,991 $ 278 No additional funds are committed to be advanced in connection with impaired loans. The modifications for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 were attributable to interest rate concessions, maturity date extensions, modified payment terms, reamortization, and accelerated maturity. Modifications by Class Number of Pre-Modification Post-Modification Troubled Debt Restructurings Commercial real estate — $ — $ — Commercial and industrial loans — — — Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 2 65 65 2 $ 65 $ 65 Modifications by Class Number of Pre-Modification Post-Modification Troubled Debt Restructurings Commercial real estate 2 $ 145 $ 145 Commercial and industrial loans 3 475 472 Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 2 65 65 7 $ 685 $ 682 There were no TDRs that defaulted within twelve months of modifications during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019. The following table presents the Company’s TDR activity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019: (In thousands) Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 Balance at beginning of year $ 25,089 Principal payments (3,876) TDR status change (1) — Other reductions (2) (1,548) Newly identified TDRs 65 Balance at end of year $ 19,730 (In thousands) Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 Balance at beginning of year $ 27,415 Principal payments (5,664) TDR status change (1) — Other reductions (2) (2,703) Newly identified TDRs 682 Balance at end of year $ 19,730 _____________________ (1) TDR status change classification represents TDR loans with a specified interest rate equal to or greater than the rate that the Company was willing to accept at the time of the restructuring for a new loan with comparable risk and the loan was on current payment status and not impaired based on the terms specified by the restructuring agreement. (2) Other reductions classification consists of transfer to other real estate owned, charge-offs to loans, and other loan sale payoffs. Allowance for Loan Losses Prior to the adoption of ASC 326 on January 1, 2020, the Company calculated allowance for loan losses using incurred losses methodology. The following tables are disclosures related to the allowance for loan losses in prior periods. Activity in the allowance for loan losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 was as follows: At or for the three months ended September 30, 2019 Business Activities Loans Commercial Commercial and Residential Consumer Total Balance at beginning of period $ 22,408 $ 18,849 $ 8,834 $ 5,341 $ 55,432 Charged-off loans 3,061 19,315 95 760 23,231 Recoveries on charged-off loans 286 469 — 53 808 Provision/(releases) for loan losses 3,815 18,929 23 420 23,187 Balance at end of period $ 23,448 $ 18,932 $ 8,762 $ 5,054 $ 56,196 At or for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 Business Activi" id="sjs-B4">LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES Upon adoption of ASC 326, the Company evaluates its risk characteristics of loans based on regulatory call report code with sub-segmentation based on underlying collateral for certain loan types. Prior to the adoption of ASC 326, under the incurred loss model, the Company evaluated its risk characteristics of loans based on purpose of the loans. The composition of loans by portfolio segment as of December 31, 2019 and January 1, 2020 follows: (In thousands) December 31, 2019 Statement Balance Impact of ASC 326 Adoption January 1, 2020 Post-ASC 326 Adoption Loans: Construction $ 448,452 $ 187 $ 448,639 Commercial multifamily 631,740 252 631,992 Commercial real estate owner occupied 673,308 3,185 676,493 Commercial real estate non-owner occupied 2,189,780 6,540 2,196,320 Commercial and industrial 1,522,059 (13,372) 1,508,687 Commercial and industrial - other 321,624 1,160 322,784 Residential real estate 2,853,385 1,868 2,855,253 Home equity 378,793 10 378,803 Consumer other 483,287 205 483,492 Total $ 9,502,428 $ 35 $ 9,502,463 Allowance: Construction $ 2,713 $ (342) $ 2,371 Commercial multifamily 4,413 (1,842) 2,571 Commercial real estate owner occupied 4,880 6,062 10,942 Commercial real estate non-owner occupied 16,344 11,201 27,545 Commercial and industrial 17,243 (2,696) 14,547 Commercial and industrial - other 2,856 507 3,363 Residential real estate 9,970 6,799 16,769 Home equity 1,470 4,884 6,354 Consumer other 3,686 861 4,547 Total $ 63,575 $ 25,434 $ 89,009 The following is a summary of total loans by regulatory call report code with sub-segmentation based on underlying collateral for certain loan types: (In thousands) September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019 Construction $ 490,111 $ 448,452 Commercial multifamily 535,936 631,740 Commercial real estate owner occupied 595,791 673,308 Commercial real estate non-owner occupied 2,258,935 2,189,780 Commercial and industrial 1,819,175 1,522,059 Commercial and industrial - other 311,505 321,624 Residential real estate 2,270,458 2,853,385 Home equity 349,274 378,793 Consumer other 351,151 483,287 Total loans $ 8,982,336 $ 9,502,428 Allowance for credit losses 134,414 63,575 Net loans $ 8,847,922 $ 9,438,853 As of September 30, 2020, loans originated under the Small Business Administration ("SBA") Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP") totaled $708.1 million. T hese loans are 100% guaranteed by the SBA and the full principal amount of the loan may qualify for forgiveness. These loans are included in commercial and industrial. Risk characteristics relevant to each portfolio segment are as follows: Construction - Loans in this segment primarily include real estate development loans for which payment is derived from sale of the property or long term financing at completion. Credit risk is affected by cost overruns, time to sell at an adequate price, and market conditions Commercial real estate multifamily, owner occupied and non-owner - Loans in these segments are primarily owner-occupied or income-producing properties throughout New England and Northeastern New York. The underlying cash flows generated by the properties are adversely impacted by a downturn in the economy, which in turn, will have an effect on the credit quality in this segment. Management monitors the cash flows of these loans. Commercial and industrial loans - Loans in this segment are made to businesses and are generally secured by assets of the business such as accounts receivable, inventory, marketable securities, other liquid collateral, equipment and other business assets. Repayment is expected from the cash flows of the business. Loans in this segment include asset based loans which generally have no scheduled repayment and which are closely monitored against formula based collateral advance ratios. A weakened economy, and resultant decreased consumer spending, will have an effect on the credit quality in this segment. Commercial and industrial other loans - Loans in this segment are primarily equipment financing loans. These loans are typically term loans secured by business assets. Credit quality on these loans are impacted by a weakened economy and resultant decreased consumer spending. Residential real estate - All loans in this segment are collateralized by residential real estate and repayment is dependent on the credit quality of the individual borrower. The overall health of the economy, including unemployment rates and housing prices, will have an effect on the credit quality in this segment. Home equity and other consumer loans - Loans in this segment are primarily home equity lines of credit, automobile loans and other consumer loans. The overall health of the economy, including unemployment rates and housing prices, will have an effect on the credit quality in this segment. Allowance for Credit Losses for Loans The Allowance for Credit Losses for Loans (“ACLL”) is comprised of the allowance for loan losses and the allowance for unfunded commitments which is accounted for as a separate liability in other liabilities on the balance sheet. The level of the ACLL represents management’s estimate of expected credit losses over the expected life of the loans at the balance sheet date. The Company uses a static pool migration analysis method, applying expected historical loss trend and observed economic metrics. The level of the ACLL is based on management’s ongoing review of all relevant information, from internal and external sources, relating to past and current events, utilizing a 7 quarter reasonable and supportable forecast period with a 1 year reversion period. The ACLL reserve is overlaid with qualitative factors based upon: • the existence and growth of concentrations of credit; • the volume and severity of past due financial assets, including nonaccrual assets; • the institutions lending and credit review as well as the experience and ability of relevant management and staff and; • the effect of other external factors such as regulatory, competition, regional market conditions, legal and technological environment and other events such as natural disasters; • the effect of other economic factors such as economic stimulus and customer forbearance programs. The allowance for unfunded commitments is maintained at a level by the Company to be sufficient to absorb expected lifetime losses related to unfunded credit facilities (including unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit). The Company’s activity in the allowance for credit losses for loans for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 was as follows: (In thousands) Balance at Beginning of Period Impact of Adopting ASC 326 Sub-total Charge-offs Recoveries Provision for Credit Losses Balance at End of Period Three months ended September 30, 2020 Construction $ 7,779 $ — $ 7,779 $ — $ — $ (1,122) $ 6,657 Commercial multifamily 4,299 — 4,299 — — (518) 3,781 Commercial real estate owner occupied 11,552 — 11,552 (58) 38 (537) 10,995 Commercial real estate non-owner occupied 34,707 — 34,707 — 155 (2,088) 32,774 Commercial and industrial 17,779 — 17,779 (2,358) 161 1,346 16,928 Commercial and industrial - other 5,317 — 5,317 (3,610) 245 1,968 3,920 Residential real estate 39,004 — 39,004 (1,085) 842 1,130 39,891 Home equity 8,021 — 8,021 (88) 36 1,352 9,321 Consumer other 10,936 — 10,936 (577) 102 (314) 10,147 Total allowance for credit losses $ 139,394 $ — $ 139,394 $ (7,776) $ 1,579 $ 1,217 $ 134,414 (In thousands) Balance at Beginning of Period Impact of Adopting ASC 326 Sub-total Charge-offs Recoveries Provision for Credit Losses Balance at End of Period Nine months ended September 30, 2020 Construction $ 2,713 $ (342) $ 2,371 $ — $ — $ 4,286 $ 6,657 Commercial multifamily 4,413 (1,842) 2,571 (50) — 1,260 3,781 Commercial real estate owner occupied 4,880 6,062 10,942 (8,670) 907 7,816 10,995 Commercial real estate non-owner occupied 16,344 11,201 27,545 (135) 290 5,074 32,774 Commercial and industrial 17,243 (2,696) 14,547 (7,480) 3,709 6,152 16,928 Commercial and industrial - other 2,856 507 3,363 (6,773) 316 7,014 3,920 Residential real estate 9,970 6,799 16,769 (2,212) 936 24,398 39,891 Home equity 1,470 4,884 6,354 (322) 136 3,153 9,321 Consumer other 3,686 861 4,547 (1,840) 502 6,938 10,147 Total allowance for credit losses $ 63,575 $ 25,434 $ 89,009 $ (27,482) $ 6,796 $ 66,091 $ 134,414 The Company’s allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments is recognized as a liability (other liability on consolidated balance sheet), with adjustments to the reserve recognized in other noninterest expense in the consolidated statement of operations. The Company’s activity in the allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 was as follows: (In thousands) Total Balance at June 30, 2020 $ 8,593 Expense for credit losses — Balance at September 30, 2020 $ 8,593 (In thousands) Total Balance at December 31, 2019 $ 100 Impact of adopting ASC 326 7,993 Sub-Total 8,093 Expense for credit losses 500 Balance at September 30, 2020 $ 8,593 Credit Quality Information The Company monitors the credit quality of its portfolio by using internal risk ratings that are based on regulatory guidance. Loans that are given a Pass rating are not considered a problem credit. Loans that are classified as Special Mention loans are considered to have potential weaknesses and are evaluated closely by management. Substandard, including non-accruing loans, are loans for which a definitive weakness has been identified and which may make full collection of contractual cash flows questionable. Doubtful loans are those with identified weaknesses that make full collection of contractual cash flows, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. For commercial credits, the Company assigns an internal risk rating at origination and reviews the rating annual, semiannually, or quarterly depending on the risk rating. The rating is also reassessed at any point in time when management becomes aware of information that may affect the borrower’s ability to fulfill their obligations. The Company risk rates its residential mortgages, including 1-4 family and residential construction loans, based on a three rating system: Pass, Special Mention, and Substandard. Loans that are current within 59 days are rated Pass. Residential mortgages that are 60-89 days delinquent are rated Special Mention. Loans delinquent for 90 days or greater are rated Substandard and generally placed on non-accrual status. The following table presents the Company’s loans by risk category: Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year (In thousands) 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total As of September 30, 2020 Construction Risk rating Pass $ 35,430 $ 241,497 $ 155,695 $ 29,807 $ 17,600 $ 3,115 $ 933 $ — $ 484,077 Special Mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — — 2,034 4,000 — — — — 6,034 Total $ 35,430 $ 241,497 $ 157,729 $ 33,807 $ 17,600 $ 3,115 $ 933 $ — $ 490,111 Commercial multifamily: Risk rating Pass $ 28,876 $ 56,630 $ 79,397 $ 72,790 $ 89,041 $ 185,276 $ 29 $ — $ 512,039 Special Mention — — — 13,595 — — — — 13,595 Substandard — — — — 47 10,108 147 — 10,302 Total $ 28,876 $ 56,630 $ 79,397 $ 86,385 $ 89,088 $ 195,384 $ 176 $ — $ 535,936 Commercial real estate owner occupied: Risk rating Pass $ 44,304 $ 90,869 $ 112,768 $ 71,574 $ 38,231 $ 205,814 $ 3,461 $ — $ 567,021 Special Mention — 2,123 1,815 — — 2,001 — — 5,939 Substandard — — 5,638 1,622 1,704 13,867 — — 22,831 Total $ 44,304 $ 92,992 $ 120,221 $ 73,196 $ 39,935 $ 221,682 $ 3,461 $ — $ 595,791 Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year (In thousands) 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total Commercial real estate non-owner occupied: Risk rating Pass $ 133,231 $ 291,079 $ 469,033 $ 250,093 $ 314,902 $ 583,861 $ 16,967 $ — $ 2,059,166 Special Mention — 295 3,094 17,254 12,901 68,838 495 — 102,877 Substandard 7,804 6,844 3,817 11,368 2,950 63,914 195 — 96,892 Total $ 141,035 $ 298,218 $ 475,944 $ 278,715 $ 330,753 $ 716,613 $ 17,657 $ — $ 2,258,935 Commercial and industrial: Risk rating Pass $ 755,987 $ 96,675 $ 189,565 $ 121,633 $ 47,911 $ 150,299 $ 401,356 $ — $ 1,763,426 Special Mention — 1,507 5,950 693 604 — 20,614 — 29,368 Substandard 1,354 275 6,354 1,661 1,965 5,848 8,522 — 25,979 Doubtful — — — — — — 402 — 402 Total $ 757,341 $ 98,457 $ 201,869 $ 123,987 $ 50,480 $ 156,147 $ 430,894 $ — $ 1,819,175 Commercial and industrial - other: Risk rating Pass $ 34,814 $ 78,318 $ 78,149 $ 33,573 $ 7,717 $ 14,585 $ 4,614 $ — $ 251,770 Special Mention 933 1,100 1,944 741 497 64 — — 5,279 Substandard 2,543 29,372 12,006 4,542 3,286 307 2,400 — 54,456 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total $ 38,290 $ 108,790 $ 92,099 $ 38,856 $ 11,500 $ 14,956 $ 7,014 $ — $ 311,505 Residential real estate Risk rating Pass $ 133,186 $ 163,232 $ 373,222 $ 399,237 $ 391,953 $ 794,072 $ 3,260 $ — $ 2,258,162 Special Mention 39 — — — — 468 38 — 545 Substandard — 97 539 1,162 429 9,515 9 — 11,751 Total $ 133,225 $ 163,329 $ 373,761 $ 400,399 $ 392,382 $ 804,055 $ 3,307 $ — $ 2,270,458 For home equity and consumer other loan portfolio segments, Berkshire evaluates credit quality based on the aging status of the loan and by payment activity. The performing or nonperforming status is updated on an ongoing basis dependent upon improvement and deterioration in credit quality. The following table presents the amortized cost based on payment activity: Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year (In thousands) 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total As of September 30, 2020 Home equity: Payment performance Performing $ 2,191 $ 1,995 $ 432 $ 1,990 $ 515 $ 1,954 $ 336,569 $ — $ 345,646 Nonperforming — — 2 — — — 3,626 — 3,628 Total $ 2,191 $ 1,995 $ 434 $ 1,990 $ 515 $ 1,954 $ 340,195 $ — $ 349,274 Consumer other: Payment performance Performing $ 11,381 $ 39,877 $ 121,304 $ 80,701 $ 43,513 $ 37,256 $ 11,464 $ — $ 345,496 Nonperforming 34 404 1,563 1,480 1,698 447 29 — 5,655 Total $ 11,415 $ 40,281 $ 122,867 $ 82,181 $ 45,211 $ 37,703 $ 11,493 $ — $ 351,151 The following is a summary of loans by past due status at September 30, 2020: (In thousands) 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or Greater Past Due Total Past Due Current Total Loans September 30, 2020 Construction $ 50 $ 46 $ 2,034 $ 2,130 $ 487,981 $ 490,111 Commercial multifamily 278 3,584 1,047 4,909 531,027 535,936 Commercial real estate owner occupied 896 948 8,470 10,314 585,477 595,791 Commercial real estate non-owner occupied 1,377 2,826 10,412 14,615 2,244,320 2,258,935 Commercial and industrial 3,832 2,592 13,743 20,167 1,799,008 1,819,175 Commercial and industrial - other 766 232 3,969 4,967 306,538 311,505 Residential real estate 4,080 999 10,865 15,944 2,254,514 2,270,458 Home equity 598 181 4,022 4,801 344,473 349,274 Consumer other 3,437 904 5,704 10,045 341,106 351,151 Total $ 15,314 $ 12,312 $ 60,266 $ 87,892 $ 8,894,444 $ 8,982,336 The following is a summary of loans on nonaccrual status and loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing as of September 30, 2020: January 1, 2020 June 30, 2020 September 30, 2020 (In thousands) Nonaccrual Amortized Cost Nonaccrual Amortized Cost Nonaccrual Amortized Cost Nonaccrual With No Related Allowance Past Due 90 Days or Greater and Accruing Interest Income Recognized on Nonaccrual Construction $ — $ — $ 2,034 $ 2,034 $ — $ — Commercial multifamily 811 753 884 598 163 — Commercial real estate owner occupied 15,389 6,513 8,291 2,429 179 — Commercial real estate non-owner occupied 1,031 2,372 3,074 2,170 7,338 — Commercial and industrial 5,465 8,103 10,300 3,869 3,443 — Commercial and industrial - other 5,753 6,173 3,969 2,959 — — Residential real estate 6,411 13,997 9,555 5,876 1,310 — Home equity 1,798 2,405 3,628 490 394 — Consumer other 2,982 4,568 5,655 49 49 — Total $ 39,640 $ 44,884 $ 47,390 $ 20,474 $ 12,876 $ — The commercial and industrial loans nonaccrual amortized cost includes medallion loans with a fair value of $2.8 million and a contractual balance of $66.4 million. A financial asset is considered collateral-dependent when the debtor is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the sale or operation of the collateral. Expected credit losses for collateral-dependent loans are based on the fair value of the collateral at the reporting date, adjusted for selling costs as appropriate. Significant quarter over quarter changes are reflective of changes in nonaccrual status and not necessarily associated with credit quality indicators like appraisal value. The following table presents the amortized cost basis of individually analyzed collateral-dependent loans by loan portfolio segment: Type of Collateral (In thousands) Real Estate Investment Securities/Cash Other September 30, 2020 Construction $ 2,389 $ — $ — Commercial multifamily 598 — — Commercial real estate owner occupied 8,956 — — Commercial real estate non-owner occupied 3,819 — — Commercial and industrial 2,506 59 245 Commercial and industrial - other — — 2,958 Residential real estate 5,290 — — Home equity 272 — — Consumer other 26 — — Total loans $ 23,856 $ 59 $ 3,203 Troubled Debt Restructuring Loans The Company’s loan portfolio also includes certain loans that have been modified in a Troubled Debt Restructuring ("TDR"), where economic concessions have been granted to borrowers who have experienced or are expected to experience financial difficulties. These concessions typically result from the Company’s loss mitigation activities and could include reductions in the interest rate, payment extensions, forgiveness of principal, forbearance, or other actions. Certain TDRs are classified as nonperforming at the time of restructure and may only be returned to performing status after considering the borrower’s sustained repayment performance for a reasonable period, generally six months. TDRs are evaluated individually for impairment and may result in a specific allowance amount allocated to an individual loan. The following table presents activity in TDRs for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020: (In thousands) Balance at Beginning of Period Principal Payments TDR Status Change Other Additions/(Reductions) Newly Identified TDRs Balance at End of Period Three months ended September 30, 2020 Construction $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial multifamily 779 (12) — — — 767 Commercial real estate owner occupied 2,919 (19) — — 18 2,918 Commercial real estate non-owner occupied 11,166 — — 1,241 194 12,601 Commercial and industrial 1,080 (12) — (2) — 1,066 Commercial and industrial - other 1,483 (115) — (56) 399 1,711 Residential real estate 1,968 (57) — — — 1,911 Home equity 275 (3) — (72) — 200 Consumer other 43 (3) — — — 40 Total $ 19,713 $ (221) $ — $ 1,111 $ 611 $ 21,214 (In thousands) Balance at Beginning of Period Principal Payments TDR Status Change Other Additions/(Reductions) Newly Identified TDRs Balance at End of Period Nine months ended September 30, 2020 Construction $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial multifamily 793 (26) — — — 767 Commercial real estate owner occupied 13,331 (5,721) — (4,710) 18 2,918 Commercial real estate non-owner occupied 1,373 — — 1,241 9,987 12,601 Commercial and industrial 1,109 (41) — (2) — 1,066 Commercial and industrial - other 340 (157) — (58) 1,586 1,711 Residential real estate 2,045 (134) — — — 1,911 Home equity 277 (5) — (72) — 200 Consumer other 48 (8) — — — 40 Total $ 19,316 $ (6,092) $ — $ (3,601) $ 11,591 $ 21,214 The following table presents loans modified as TDRs that occurred during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019: (dollars in thousands) Total Three months ended September 30, 2020 TDR: Number of loans 10 Pre-modification outstanding recorded investment $ 611 Post-modification outstanding recorded investment $ 611 Three months ended September 30, 2019 TDR: Number of loans 2 Pre-modification outstanding recorded investment $ 65 Post-modification outstanding recorded investment $ 65 (dollars in thousands) Total Nine months ended September 30, 2020 TDR: Number of loans 15 Pre-modification outstanding recorded investment $ 11,591 Post-modification outstanding recorded investment $ 11,591 Nine months ended September 30, 2019 TDR: Number of loans 7 Pre-modification outstanding recorded investment $ 685 Post-modification outstanding recorded investment $ 682 There were no TDRs for which there was a payment default within twelve months following the modification during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019. Beginning in March 2020, the Company has offered three-month payment deferrals for customers with a current payment status who were negatively impacted by economic disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Refer to Note 11 - Other Commitments, Contingencies, and Off-Balance Sheet Activities for more information regarding these modifications. Prior to the adoption of ASC 326 on January 1, 2020, the Company calculated allowance for loan losses using incurred losses methodology. The following tables are disclosures related to loans in prior periods. The following is a summary of total loans as of December 31, 2019: December 31, 2019 (In thousands) Business Acquired Total Commercial real estate: Construction $ 382,014 $ 47,792 $ 429,806 Other commercial real estate 2,414,942 1,189,521 3,604,463 Total commercial real estate 2,796,956 1,237,313 4,034,269 Commercial and industrial loans: 1,442,617 397,891 1,840,508 Total commercial loans 4,239,573 1,635,204 5,874,777 Residential mortgages: 1-4 family 2,143,817 533,536 2,677,353 Construction 4,641 3,478 8,119 Total residential mortgages 2,148,458 537,014 2,685,472 Consumer loans: Home equity 273,867 106,724 380,591 Auto and other 504,599 56,989 561,588 Total consumer loans 778,466 163,713 942,179 Total loans $ 7,166,497 $ 2,335,931 $ 9,502,428 Total unamortized net costs and premiums included in the December 31, 2019 total loans for business activity loans were the following: (In thousands) December 31, 2019 Unamortized net loan origination costs $ 13,259 Unamortized net premium on purchased loans 2,643 Total unamortized net costs and premiums $ 15,902 The following table summarizes activity in the accretable yield for the acquired loan portfolio that falls under the purview of ASC 310-30, Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality : (In thousands) Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 Balance at beginning of period $ 5,420 $ 2,840 Acquisitions — 4,200 Accretion (2,872) (6,470) Net reclassification from nonaccretable difference 2,066 4,195 Payments received, net (196) (356) Reclassification to TDR — 9 Balance at end of period $ 4,418 $ 4,418 The following is a summary of past due loans at December 31, 2019: Business Activities Loans (in thousands) 30-59 Days 60-89 Days >90 Days Past Due Total Past Current Total Loans Past Due > December 31, 2019 Commercial real estate: Construction $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 382,014 $ 382,014 $ — Commercial real estate 423 89 15,623 16,135 2,398,807 2,414,942 — Total 423 89 15,623 16,135 2,780,821 2,796,956 — Commercial and industrial loans Total 2,841 2,033 10,662 15,536 1,427,081 1,442,617 122 Residential mortgages: 1-4 family 1,669 714 3,350 5,733 2,138,084 2,143,817 800 Construction — — — — 4,641 4,641 — Total 1,669 714 3,350 5,733 2,142,725 2,148,458 800 Consumer loans: Home equity 149 — 1,147 1,296 272,571 273,867 52 Auto and other 4,709 990 2,729 8,428 496,171 504,599 1 Total 4,858 990 3,876 9,724 768,742 778,466 53 Total $ 9,791 $ 3,826 $ 33,511 $ 47,128 $ 7,119,369 $ 7,166,497 $ 975 Acquired Loans (in thousands) 30-59 Days 60-89 Days >90 Days Past Due Total Past Acquired Total Loans Past Due > December 31, 2019 Commercial real estate: Construction $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,396 $ 47,792 $ — Commercial real estate 3,907 245 10,247 14,399 21,639 1,189,521 5,751 Total 3,907 245 10,247 14,399 23,035 1,237,313 5,751 Commercial and industrial loans Total 888 299 1,275 2,462 26,718 397,891 442 Residential mortgages: 1-4 family 745 491 932 2,168 10,840 533,536 139 Construction — — — — — 3,478 — Total 745 491 932 2,168 10,840 537,014 139 Consumer loans: Home equity 346 222 789 1,357 540 106,724 72 Auto and other 120 22 265 407 286 56,989 — Total 466 244 1,054 1,764 826 163,713 72 Total $ 6,006 $ 1,279 $ 13,508 $ 20,793 $ 61,419 $ 2,335,931 $ 6,404 The following is summary information pertaining to non-accrual loans at December 31, 2019: December 31, 2019 (In thousands) Business Activities Acquired Loans Total Commercial real estate: Construction $ — $ — $ — Other commercial real estate 15,623 4,496 20,119 Total 15,623 4,496 20,119 Commercial and industrial loans: Total 10,540 833 11,373 Residential mortgages: 1-4 family 2,550 793 3,343 Construction — — — Total 2,550 793 3,343 Consumer loans: Home equity 1,095 717 1,812 Auto and other 2,728 265 2,993 Total 3,823 982 4,805 Total non-accrual loans $ 32,536 $ 7,104 $ 39,640 Loans evaluated for impairment as of December 31, 2019 were as follows: Business Activities Loans (In thousands) Commercial Commercial Residential Consumer Total Loans receivable: Balance at end of year Individually evaluated for impairment $ 19,192 $ 9,167 $ 3,019 $ 630 $ 32,008 Collectively evaluated 2,777,764 1,433,450 2,145,439 777,836 7,134,489 Total $ 2,796,956 $ 1,442,617 $ 2,148,458 $ 778,466 $ 7,166,497 Acquired Loans (In thousands) Commercial Commercial Residential Consumer Total Loans receivable: Balance at end of year Individually evaluated for impairment $ 4,241 $ 464 $ 372 $ 575 $ 5,652 Purchased credit-impaired loans 23,035 26,718 10,840 826 61,419 Collectively evaluated 1,210,037 370,709 525,802 162,312 2,268,860 Total $ 1,237,313 $ 397,891 $ 537,014 $ 163,713 $ 2,335,931 The following is a summary of impaired loans at December 31, 2019: Business Activities Loans December 31, 2019 (In thousands) Recorded Investment (1) Unpaid Principal Related Allowance With no related allowance: Other commercial real estate loans $ 18,676 $ 37,493 $ — Commercial and industrial loans 4,805 10,104 — Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 433 699 — Consumer - home equity 32 238 — Consumer - other — — — With an allowance recorded: Other commercial real estate loans $ 550 $ 1,411 $ 20 Commercial and industrial loans 4,166 12,136 122 Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 2,615 2,924 109 Consumer - home equity 594 614 42 Consumer - other 8 8 1 Total Commercial real estate $ 19,226 $ 38,904 $ 20 Commercial and industrial loans 8,971 22,240 122 Residential mortgages 3,048 3,623 109 Consumer 634 860 43 Total impaired loans $ 31,879 $ 65,627 $ 294 (1) The Recorded Investment represents the face amount of the loan increased or decreased by applicable accrued interest, net deferred loan fees and costs, and unamortized premium or discount, and reflects direct charge-offs. This amount is a component of total loans on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. (2) The Unpaid Principal Balance represents the customer's legal obligation to the Company. Acquired Loans December 31, 2019 (In thousands) Recorded Investment (1) Unpaid Principal Related Allowance With no related allowance: Other commercial real estate loans $ 3,200 $ 6,021 $ — Other commercial and industrial loans 437 532 — Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 292 293 — Consumer - home equity 416 844 — Consumer - other — — — With an allowance recorded: Other commercial real estate loans $ 1,033 $ 1,050 $ 97 Commercial and industrial loans 28 30 1 Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 84 110 8 Consumer - home equity 121 123 6 Consumer - other 39 37 6 Total Commercial real estate $ 4,233 $ 7,071 $ 97 Commercial and industrial loans 465 562 1 Residential mortgages 376 403 8 Consumer 576 1,004 12 Total impaired loans $ 5,650 $ 9,040 $ 118 (1) The Recorded Investment represents the face amount of the loan increased or decreased by applicable accrued interest, net deferred loan fees and costs, and unamortized premium or discount, and reflects direct charge-offs. This amount is a component of total loans on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. (2) The Unpaid Principal Balance represents the customer's legal obligation to the Company. The following is a summary of the average recorded investment and interest income recognized on impaired loans as of December 31, 2019: Business Activities Loans December 31, 2019 (in thousands) Average Recorded Cash Basis Interest With no related allowance: Other commercial real estate $ 19,805 $ 586 Other commercial and industrial 3,165 523 Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 185 17 Consumer-home equity 148 3 Consumer-other — — With an allowance recorded: Other commercial real estate $ 374 $ 107 Other commercial and industrial 2,533 793 Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 2,427 150 Consumer-home equity 349 32 Consumer - other 11 1 Total Commercial real estate $ 20,179 $ 693 Commercial and industrial 5,698 1,316 Residential mortgages 2,612 167 Consumer loans 508 36 Total impaired loans $ 28,997 $ 2,212 Acquired Loans December 31, 2019 (in thousands) Average Recorded Cash Basis Interest With no related allowance: Other commercial real estate $ 1,603 $ 117 Other commercial and industrial 441 51 Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 241 11 Consumer - home equity 475 23 Consumer - other — — With an allowance recorded: Other commercial real estate $ 1,005 $ 59 Other commercial and industrial 29 2 Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 88 7 Consumer - home equity 68 6 Consumer - other 41 2 Total Commercial real estate $ 2,608 $ 176 Commercial and industrial 470 53 Residential mortgages 329 18 Consumer loans 584 31 Total impaired loans $ 3,991 $ 278 No additional funds are committed to be advanced in connection with impaired loans. The modifications for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 were attributable to interest rate concessions, maturity date extensions, modified payment terms, reamortization, and accelerated maturity. Modifications by Class Number of Pre-Modification Post-Modification Troubled Debt Restructurings Commercial real estate — $ — $ — Commercial and industrial loans — — — Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 2 65 65 2 $ 65 $ 65 Modifications by Class Number of Pre-Modification Post-Modification Troubled Debt Restructurings Commercial real estate 2 $ 145 $ 145 Commercial and industrial loans 3 475 472 Residential mortgages - 1-4 family 2 65 65 7 $ 685 $ 682 There were no TDRs that defaulted within twelve months of modifications during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019. The following table presents the Company’s TDR activity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019: (In thousands) Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 Balance at beginning of year $ 25,089 Principal payments (3,876) TDR status change (1) — Other reductions (2) (1,548) Newly identified TDRs 65 Balance at end of year $ 19,730 (In thousands) Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 Balance at beginning of year $ 27,415 Principal payments (5,664) TDR status change (1) — Other reductions (2) (2,703) Newly identified TDRs 682 Balance at end of year $ 19,730 _____________________ (1) TDR status change classification represents TDR loans with a specified interest rate equal to or greater than the rate that the Company was willing to accept at the time of the restructuring for a new loan with comparable risk and the loan was on current payment status and not impaired based on the terms specified by the restructuring agreement. (2) Other reductions classification consists of transfer to other real estate owned, charge-offs to loans, and other loan sale payoffs. Allowance for Loan Losses Prior to the adoption of ASC 326 on January 1, 2020, the Company calculated allowance for loan losses using incurred losses methodology. The following tables are disclosures related to the allowance for loan losses in prior periods. Activity in the allowance for loan losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 was as follows: At or for the three months ended September 30, 2019 Business Activities Loans Commercial Commercial and Residential Consumer Total Balance at beginning of period $ 22,408 $ 18,849 $ 8,834 $ 5,341 $ 55,432 Charged-off loans 3,061 19,315 95 760 23,231 Recoveries on charged-off loans 286 469 — 53 808 Provision/(releases) for loan losses 3,815 18,929 23 420 23,187 Balance at end of period $ 23,448 $ 18,932 $ 8,762 $ 5,054 $ 56,196 At or for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 Business Activi |