Consolidated Company-Sponsored Investment Funds | Consolidated Company-Sponsored Investment Funds We regularly provide seed capital to new company-sponsored investment funds. As such, we may consolidate or de-consolidate a variety of company-sponsored investment funds each quarter. Due to the similarity of risks related to our involvement with each company-sponsored investment fund, disclosures required under the VIE model are aggregated, such as disclosures regarding the carrying amount and classification of assets. We are not required to provide financial support to company-sponsored investment funds and only the assets of such funds are available to settle each fund's own liabilities. Our exposure to loss in regard to consolidated company-sponsored investment funds is limited to our investment in, and our management fee earned from, such funds. Equity and debt holders of such funds have no recourse to AB’s assets or to the general credit of AB. The balances of consolidated VIEs and VOEs included in our condensed consolidated statements of financial condition were as follows: March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 (in thousands) VIEs VOEs Total VIEs VOEs Total Cash and cash equivalents $ 580,239 $ 482 $ 580,721 $ 326,158 $ 360 $ 326,518 Investments 1,826,576 129,894 1,956,470 1,189,835 56,448 1,246,283 Other assets 40,242 4,250 44,492 33,931 1,466 35,397 Total assets $ 2,447,057 $ 134,626 $ 2,581,683 $ 1,549,924 $ 58,274 $ 1,608,198 Liabilities $ 1,218,612 $ 4,262 $ 1,222,874 $ 695,997 $ 2,104 $ 698,101 Redeemable non-controlling interest 981,961 9,641 991,602 596,241 (18 ) 596,223 Partners' capital attributable to AB Unitholders 245,774 120,723 366,497 256,929 56,188 313,117 Non-redeemable non-controlling interests in consolidated entities 710 — 710 757 — 757 Total liabilities, redeemable non-controlling interest and partners' capital $ 2,447,057 $ 134,626 $ 2,581,683 $ 1,549,924 $ 58,274 $ 1,608,198 Fair Value Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, demand deposits, overnight commercial paper and highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. Due to the short-term nature of these instruments, the recorded value has been determined to approximate fair value. Valuation of consolidated company-sponsored investment funds' financial instruments by pricing observability levels as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 was as follows (in thousands): Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 NAV Expedient Total March 31, 2018: Investments - VIEs $ 1,612,691 $ 208,118 $ 5,767 $ — $ 1,826,576 Investments - VOEs 77,172 52,588 134 — 129,894 Derivatives - VIEs 769 30,237 — — 31,006 Derivatives - VOEs 43 595 — — 638 Total assets measured at fair value $ 1,690,675 $ 291,538 $ 5,901 $ — $ 1,988,114 Short equities - VIEs $ 1,188,624 $ — $ — $ — $ 1,188,624 Derivatives - VIEs 1,027 17,373 — — 18,400 Derivatives - VOEs 89 587 — — 676 Total liabilities measured at fair value $ 1,189,740 $ 17,960 $ — $ — $ 1,207,700 December 31, 2017: Investments - VIEs $ 1,053,824 $ 133,796 $ 2,205 $ 10 $ 1,189,835 Investments - VOEs 5,491 50,898 59 — 56,448 Derivatives - VIEs 252 30,384 — — 30,636 Derivatives - VOEs 49 251 — — 300 Total assets measured at fair value $ 1,059,616 $ 215,329 $ 2,264 $ 10 $ 1,277,219 Short equities - VIEs $ 669,258 $ — $ — $ — $ 669,258 Derivatives - VIEs 421 21,820 — — 22,241 Derivatives - VOEs 12 619 — — 631 Total liabilities measured at fair value $ 669,691 $ 22,439 $ — $ — $ 692,130 See Note 12 for a description of the fair value methodologies used for instruments measured at fair value, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy. The change in carrying value associated with Level 3 financial instruments carried at fair value within consolidated company-sponsored investment funds was as follows: Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 2017 (in thousands) Balance as of beginning of period $ 2,264 $ 5,741 Transfers (out) in (13 ) 749 Purchases 4,034 4,577 Sales (333 ) (1,073 ) Realized gains (losses), net 5 (12 ) Unrealized (losses) gains, net (58 ) 271 Accrued discounts 2 20 Balance as of end of period $ 5,901 $ 10,273 The Level 3 securities primarily consist of corporate bonds that are vendor priced with no ratings available, bank loans, non-agency collateralized mortgage obligations and asset-backed securities. Transfers into and out of all levels of the fair value hierarchy are reflected at end-of-period fair values. Realized and unrealized gains and losses on Level 3 financial instruments are recorded in investment gains and losses in the condensed consolidated statements of income. Derivative Instruments As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , the VIEs held $12.6 million and $8.4 million (net), respectively, of futures, forwards and swaps within their portfolios. For the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 , we recognized $14.9 million of losses and $7.2 million of gains, respectively, on these derivatives. These gains and losses are recognized in investment gains (losses) in the condensed consolidated statements of income. As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , the VIEs held $2.3 million and $0.2 million , respectively, of cash collateral payable to trade counterparties. This obligation to return cash is reported in the liabilities of consolidated company-sponsored investment funds in our condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , the VIEs delivered $1.4 million and $2.9 million , respectively, of cash collateral into brokerage accounts. The VIEs report this cash collateral in the consolidated company-sponsored investment funds cash and cash equivalents in our condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , the VOE held $38 thousand and $0.3 million (net), respectively of futures, forwards, options and swaps within their portfolios. For the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 , we recognized $0.5 million and $0.4 million of losses, respectively, on these derivatives. These gains and losses are recognized in investment gains (losses) in the condensed consolidated statements of income. As of March 31, 2018 , the VOEs held $47 thousand of cash collateral payable to trade counterparties. This obligation to return cash is reported in the liabilities of consolidated company-sponsored investment funds in our condensed consolidated statement of financial condition. As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , the VOEs held $0.3 million and $0.2 million of cash collateral into brokerage accounts. The VOEs report this cash collateral in the consolidated company-sponsored investment funds cash and cash equivalents in our condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. Offsetting Assets and Liabilities Offsetting of derivative assets of consolidated company-sponsored investment funds as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 was as follows: Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets Gross Amounts Offset in the Statement of Financial Condition Net Amounts of Assets Presented in the Statement of Financial Condition Financial Instruments Cash Collateral Received Net Amount (in thousands) March 31, 2018: Derivatives - VIEs $ 31,006 $ — $ 31,006 $ — $ (2,271 ) $ 28,735 Derivatives - VOEs $ 638 $ — $ 638 $ — $ (47 ) $ 591 December 31, 2017: Derivatives - VIEs $ 30,636 $ — $ 30,636 $ — $ (194 ) $ 30,442 Derivatives - VOEs $ 300 $ — $ 300 $ — $ (37 ) $ 263 Offsetting of derivative liabilities of consolidated company-sponsored investment funds as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 was as follows: Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities Gross Amounts Offset in the Statement of Financial Condition Net Amounts of Liabilities Presented in the Statement of Financial Condition Financial Instruments Cash Collateral Pledged Net Amount (in thousands) March 31, 2018: Derivatives - VIEs $ 18,400 $ — $ 18,400 $ — $ (1,372 ) $ 17,028 Derivatives - VOEs $ 676 $ — $ 676 $ — $ (253 ) $ 423 December 31, 2017: Derivatives - VIEs $ 22,241 $ — $ 22,241 $ — $ (2,884 ) $ 19,357 Derivatives - VOEs $ 631 $ — $ 631 $ — $ (228 ) $ 403 Cash collateral, whether pledged or received on derivative instruments, is not considered material and, accordingly, is not disclosed by counterparty. Non-Consolidated VIEs As of March 31, 2018 , the net assets of company-sponsored investment products that are non-consolidated VIEs are approximately $83.9 billion , and our maximum risk of loss is our investment of $8.0 million in these VIEs and advisory fee receivables from these VIEs, which are not material. |