Consolidated Company-Sponsored Investment Funds | Consolidated Company-Sponsored Investment Funds We regularly provide seed capital to new company-sponsored investment funds. As such, we may consolidate or de-consolidate a variety of company-sponsored investment funds each quarter. Due to the similarity of risks related to our involvement with each company-sponsored investment fund, disclosures required under the VIE model are aggregated, such as disclosures regarding the carrying amount and classification of assets. We are not required to provide financial support to company-sponsored investment funds and only the assets of such funds are available to settle each fund's own liabilities. Our exposure to loss in regard to consolidated company-sponsored investment funds is limited to our investment in, and our management fee earned from, such funds. Equity and debt holders of such funds have no recourse to AB’s assets or to the general credit of AB. The balances of consolidated VIEs and VOEs included in our condensed consolidated statements of financial condition were as follows: March 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 (in thousands) VIEs VOEs Total VIEs VOEs Total Cash and cash equivalents $ 83,067 $ 4,210 $ 87,277 $ 9,623 $ 1,810 $ 11,433 Investments 273,445 170,027 443,472 404,624 176,380 581,004 Other assets 20,444 19,094 39,538 9,618 10,192 19,810 Total assets $ 376,956 $ 193,331 $ 570,287 $ 423,865 $ 188,382 $ 612,247 Liabilities $ 73,325 $ 31,550 $ 104,875 $ 12,147 $ 18,870 $ 31,017 Redeemable non-controlling interest 179,090 45,810 224,900 273,219 52,342 325,561 Partners' capital attributable to AB Unitholders 124,541 115,971 240,512 138,499 117,170 255,669 Total liabilities, redeemable non-controlling interest and partners' capital $ 376,956 $ 193,331 $ 570,287 $ 423,865 $ 188,382 $ 612,247 Fair Value Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, demand deposits, overnight commercial paper and highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. Due to the short-term nature of these instruments, the recorded value has been determined to approximate fair value. Valuation of consolidated company-sponsored investment funds' financial instruments by pricing observability levels as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was as follows (in thousands): Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total March 31, 2020: Investments - VIEs $ 19,040 $ 254,011 $ 394 $ 273,445 Investments - VOEs 77,460 92,427 140 170,027 Derivatives - VIEs 2,421 5,471 — 7,892 Derivatives - VOEs 187 13,154 — 13,341 Total assets measured at fair value $ 99,108 $ 365,063 $ 534 $ 464,705 Derivatives - VIEs 469 6,134 — 6,603 Derivatives - VOEs 252 12,461 — 12,713 Total liabilities measured at fair value $ 721 $ 18,595 $ — $ 19,316 December 31, 2019: Investments - VIEs $ 28,270 $ 375,559 $ 795 $ 404,624 Investments - VOEs 104,069 72,252 59 176,380 Derivatives - VIEs 139 4,694 — 4,833 Derivatives - VOEs 76 4,263 — 4,339 Total assets measured at fair value $ 132,554 $ 456,768 $ 854 $ 590,176 Derivatives - VIEs $ 835 $ 3,724 $ — $ 4,559 Derivatives - VOEs 101 4,982 — 5,083 Total liabilities measured at fair value $ 936 $ 8,706 $ — $ 9,642 See Note 11 for a description of the fair value methodologies used for instruments measured at fair value, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy. The change in carrying value associated with Level 3 financial instruments carried at fair value within consolidated company-sponsored investment funds was as follows: Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 2019 (in thousands) Balance as of beginning of period $ 854 $ 8,373 Transfers (out) in 231 (97 ) Purchases 33 2,111 Sales (362 ) (284 ) Realized gains (losses), net — 2 Unrealized gains (losses), net (224 ) 149 Accrued discounts 2 7 Balance as of end of period $ 534 $ 10,261 The Level 3 securities primarily consist of corporate bonds that are vendor priced with no ratings available, bank loans, non-agency collateralized mortgage obligations and asset-backed securities. Transfers into and out of all levels of the fair value hierarchy are reflected at end-of-period fair values. Realized and unrealized gains and losses on Level 3 financial instruments are recorded in investment gains and losses in the condensed consolidated statements of income. Derivative Instruments As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 , the VIEs held $1.3 million and $0.3 million (net) of futures, forwards and swaps within their portfolios, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, we recognized $1.7 million of losses and $1.1 million of gains, respectively, on these derivatives. These losses and gains are recognized in investment gains (losses) in the condensed consolidated statements of income. As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 , the VIEs held $33.1 million and $1.6 million , respectively, of cash collateral payable to trade counterparties. This obligation to return cash is reported in the liabilities of consolidated company-sponsored investment funds in our condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 , the VIEs delivered $59.0 million and $3.2 million , respectively, of cash collateral into brokerage accounts. The VIEs report this cash collateral in the consolidated company-sponsored investment funds cash and cash equivalents in our condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 , the VOEs held $0.6 million and $0.7 million , respectively, (net) of futures, forwards, options and swaps within their portfolios. For the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, we recognized $0.1 million of losses and $0.1 million of gains, respectively, on these derivatives. These gains and losses are recognized in investment gains (losses) in the condensed consolidated statements of income. As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 , the VOEs held $0.6 million and $0.5 million , respectively, of cash collateral payable to trade counterparties. This obligation to return cash is reported in the liabilities of consolidated company-sponsored investment funds in our condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 , the VOEs delivered $2.8 million and $1.2 million , respectively, of cash collateral in brokerage accounts. The VOEs report this cash collateral in the consolidated company-sponsored investment funds cash and cash equivalents in our condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. Offsetting Assets and Liabilities Offsetting of derivative assets of consolidated company-sponsored investment funds as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was as follows: Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets Gross Amounts Offset in the Statement of Financial Condition Net Amounts of Assets Presented in the Statement of Financial Condition Financial Instruments Cash Collateral Received Net Amount (in thousands) March 31, 2020: Derivatives - VIEs $ 7,892 $ — $ 7,892 $ — $ (7,892 ) $ — Derivatives - VOEs $ 13,341 $ — $ 13,341 $ — $ (580 ) $ 12,761 December 31, 2019: Derivatives - VIEs $ 4,833 $ — $ 4,833 $ — $ (1,631 ) $ 3,202 Derivatives - VOEs $ 4,339 $ — $ 4,339 $ — $ (534 ) $ 3,805 Offsetting of derivative liabilities of consolidated company-sponsored investment funds as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was as follows: Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities Gross Amounts Offset in the Statement of Financial Condition Net Amounts of Liabilities Presented in the Statement of Financial Condition Financial Instruments Cash Collateral Pledged Net Amount (in thousands) March 31, 2020: Derivatives - VIEs $ 6,603 $ — $ 6,603 $ — $ (6,603 ) $ — Derivatives - VOEs $ 12,713 $ — $ 12,713 $ — $ (2,797 ) $ 9,916 December 31, 2019: Derivatives - VIEs $ 4,559 $ — $ 4,559 $ — $ (3,155 ) $ 1,404 Derivatives - VOEs $ 5,083 $ — $ 5,083 $ — $ (1,201 ) $ 3,882 Cash collateral, whether pledged or received on derivative instruments, is not considered material and, accordingly, is not disclosed by counterparty. Non-Consolidated VIEs As of March 31, 2020 , the net assets of company-sponsored investment products that are non-consolidated VIEs are approximately $80.5 billion , and our maximum risk of loss is our investment of $6.7 million in these VIEs and our advisory fee receivables from these VIEs, which are not material. |