UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
x | | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
| | |
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2006 |
| | |
OR |
| | |
o | | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
| | |
For the transition period from to |
|
Commission file number 000-31511 |
@Road, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware | 94-3209170 |
(State or other jurisdiction of | (I.R.S. Employer |
incorporation or organization) | Identification No.) |
47071 Bayside Parkway
Fremont, CA 94538
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
510-668-1638
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large Accelerated Filer o | Accelerated Filer x | Non-Accelerated Filer o |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes o No x
As of August 1, 2006 there were 61,705,410 shares of the registrant’s Common Stock outstanding.
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements.
@Road, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except per share data) (unaudited)
| | June 30, 2006 | | December 31, 2005 | |
ASSETS | | | | | |
Current assets: | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 10,130 | | $ | 25,773 | |
Short-term investments | | 81,064 | | 77,643 | |
Accounts receivable, net | | 12,536 | | 12,475 | |
Inventories | | 12,654 | | 6,087 | |
Deferred product costs | | 15,559 | | 16,187 | |
Deferred tax assets | | 1,490 | | 1,448 | |
Prepaid expenses and other | | 2,320 | | 2,566 | |
Total current assets | | 135,753 | | 142,179 | |
Property and equipment, net | | 6,643 | | 6,195 | |
Deferred product costs | | 21,631 | | 16,995 | |
Deferred tax assets | | 40,436 | | 39,843 | |
Goodwill | | 13,341 | | 13,341 | |
Intangible assets, net | | 25,313 | | 27,333 | |
Other non-current assets | | 664 | | 400 | |
| | | | | |
Total assets | | $ | 243,781 | | $ | 246,286 | |
| | | | | |
LIABILITIES, REDEEMABLE PREFERRED STOCK AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | | | | |
Current liabilities: | | | | | |
Accounts payable | | $ | 5,881 | | $ | 6,653 | |
Accrued liabilities | | 7,900 | | 8,751 | |
Deferred revenue and customer deposits | | 17,096 | | 15,495 | |
Derivative instrument | | 3,930 | | 1,457 | |
| | | | | |
Total current liabilities | | 34,807 | | 32,356 | |
Deferred revenue | | 16,646 | | 17,333 | |
Deferred tax liabilities | | — | | 323 | |
Derivative instrument | | — | | 1,457 | |
Other long-term liabilities | | 411 | | 461 | |
Total liabilities | | 51,864 | | 51,930 | |
| | | | | |
Commitments and contingencies (Note 11) | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 10,000 shares authorized, 98 shares designated as redeemable preferred stock, shares issued and outstanding: 78 at June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005 | | 8,434 | | 8,184 | |
| | | | | |
Stockholders’ equity: | | | | | |
Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 250,000 shares authorized, shares issued and outstanding: 61,688 at June 30, 2006 and 61,154 at December 31, 2005 | | 268,922 | | 265,347 | |
Note receivable from stockholder | | (5 | ) | (7 | ) |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | | (102 | ) | (78 | ) |
Accumulated deficit | | (85,332 | ) | (79,090 | ) |
| | | | | |
Total stockholders’ equity | | 183,483 | | 186,172 | |
| | | | | |
Total liabilities, redeemable preferred stock and stockholders’ equity | | $ | 243,781 | | $ | 246,286 | |
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
1
@Road, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(In thousands, except per share data) (unaudited)
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2006 | | 2005 | |
| | | | As Restated | | | | As Restated | |
| | | | (See Note 1) | | | | (See Note 1) | |
Revenues: | | | | | | | | | |
Hosted | | $ | 19,642 | | $ | 19,685 | | $ | 40,605 | | $ | 39,175 | |
Licensed | | 3,559 | | 941 | | 7,341 | | 1,443 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total revenues | | 23,201 | | 20,626 | | 47,946 | | 40,618 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Costs and expenses: | | | | | | | | | |
Cost of hosted revenue (excluding intangibles amortization included below) | | 11,345 | | 9,227 | | 22,347 | | 18,751 | |
Cost of licensed revenue (excluding intangibles amortization included below) | | 1,127 | | 1,473 | | 2,357 | | 2,173 | |
Intangibles amortization | | 1,010 | | 1,010 | | 2,020 | | 1,467 | |
Sales and marketing | | 5,506 | | 5,832 | | 11,424 | | 10,479 | |
Research and development | | 4,210 | | 3,849 | | 7,879 | | 6,424 | |
General and administrative | | 5,028 | | 3,942 | | 9,970 | | 8,389 | |
In-process research and development | | — | | — | | — | | 5,640 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total costs and expenses | | 28,226 | | 25,333 | | 55,997 | | 53,323 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Loss from operations | | (5,025 | ) | (4,707 | ) | (8,051 | ) | (12,705 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Other income (expense), net: | | | | | | | | | |
Interest income, net | | 1,077 | | 729 | | 2,113 | | 1,347 | |
Change in derivative instrument liability | | 135 | | (3,332 | ) | (1,016 | ) | (4,073 | ) |
Other expense, net | | (5 | ) | (154 | ) | (22 | ) | (152 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total other income (expense), net | | 1,207 | | (2,757 | ) | 1,075 | | (2,878 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net loss before income taxes | | (3,818 | ) | (7,464 | ) | (6,976 | ) | (15,583 | ) |
Benefit from income taxes | | 322 | | 3,195 | | 734 | | 3,195 | |
Net loss | | (3,496 | ) | (4,269 | ) | (6,242 | ) | (12,388 | ) |
Preferred stock dividends | | (126 | ) | (124 | ) | (250 | ) | (181 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net loss attributable to common stockholders | | $ | (3,622 | ) | $ | (4,393 | ) | $ | (6,492 | ) | $ | (12,569 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net loss per share: | | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | $ | (0.06 | ) | $ | (0.07 | ) | $ | (0.11 | ) | $ | (0.21 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Diluted | | $ | (0.06 | ) | $ | (0.07 | ) | $ | (0.11 | ) | $ | (0.21 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Shares used in calculating net loss per share: | | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | 61,527 | | 60,551 | | 61,363 | | 58,977 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Diluted | | 61,527 | | 60,551 | | 61,363 | | 58,977 | |
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
2
@Road, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2006, December 31, 2005 (As Restated)
and June 30, 2005 (As Restated)
(In thousands) (unaudited)
| | Common Stock | | Note Receivable From | | Accumulated Other Comprehensive | | Accumulated | | Stockholders’ | | Total Comprehensive | |
| | Shares | | Amount | | Stockholder | | Loss | | Deficit | | Equity | | Income (Loss) | |
BALANCES, January 1, 2005 | | 54,805 | | $ | 232,016 | | $ | — | | $ | (179 | ) | $ | (107,001 | ) | $ | 124,836 | | | |
Net loss (As Restated) (See Note 1) | | | | | | | | | | (12,388 | ) | (12,388 | ) | $ | (12,388 | ) |
Change in unrealized loss on short-term investments | | | | | | | | 98 | | | | 98 | | 98 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Comprehensive loss | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | (12,290 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Shares issued upon acquisition of Vidus, net of issuance costs of $478 | | 5,454 | | 24,228 | | | | | | | | 24,228 | | | |
Fully vested options issued upon acquisition of Vidus | | | | 531 | | | | | | | | 531 | | | |
Shares issued under employee stock purchase plan | | 295 | | 849 | | | | | | | | 849 | | | |
Exercise of stock options | | 142 | | 280 | | | | | | | | 280 | | | |
Issuance of note receivable to stockholder | | | | | | (11 | ) | | | | | (11 | ) | | |
Collection of note receivable from stockholder | | | | | | 3 | | | | | | 3 | | | |
Dividends on redeemable preferred stock | | | | (181 | ) | | | | | | | (181 | ) | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
BALANCES, June 30, 2005 (As Restated) (See Note 1) | | 60,696 | | 257,723 | | (8 | ) | (81 | ) | (119,389 | ) | 138,245 | | | |
Net income (As Restated) (See Note 1) | | | | | | | | | | 40,299 | | 40,299 | | $ | 40,299 | |
Change in unrealized loss on short-term investments | | | | | | | | 3 | | | | 3 | | 3 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Comprehensive income (As Restated) (See Note 1) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 40,302 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Shares issued under employee stock purchase plan | | 285 | | 829 | | | | | | | | 829 | | | |
Exercise of stock options | | 173 | | 298 | | | | | | | | 298 | | | |
Collection of note receivable from stockholder | | | | | | 1 | | | | | | 1 | | | |
Dividends on redeemable preferred stock | | | | (255 | ) | | | | | | | (255 | ) | | |
Tax benefit on the exercise of employee stock options | | | | 6,752 | | | | | | | | 6,752 | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
BALANCES, December 31, 2005 | | 61,154 | | 265,347 | | (7 | ) | (78 | ) | (79,090 | ) | 186,172 | | | |
Net loss | | | | | | | | | | (6,242 | ) | (6,242 | ) | $ | (6,242 | ) |
Change in unrealized loss on short-term investments | | | | | | | | (24 | ) | | | (24 | ) | (24 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Comprehensive loss | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | (6,266 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Shares issued under employee stock purchase plan | | 314 | | 941 | | | | | | | | 941 | | | |
Exercise of stock options | | 220 | | 570 | | | | | | | | 570 | | | |
Stock-based compensation | | | | 2,124 | | | | | | | | 2,124 | | | |
Collection of note receivable from stockholder | | | | | | 2 | | | | | | 2 | | | |
Dividends on redeemable preferred stock | | | | (250 | ) | | | | | | | (250 | ) | | |
Excess tax benefit on the exercise of employee stock options | | | | 190 | | | | | | | | 190 | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
BALANCES, June 30, 2006 | | 61,688 | | $ | 268,922 | | $ | (5 | ) | $ | (102 | ) | $ | (85,332 | ) | $ | 183,483 | | | |
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
3
@Road, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands) (unaudited)
| | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | |
| | | | As Restated | |
Cash flows from operating activities: | | | | (See Note 1) | |
Net loss | | $ | (6,242 | ) | $ | (12,388 | ) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: | | | | | |
Depreciation and amortization | | 3,631 | | 2,615 | |
Stock-based compensation | | 2,124 | | — | |
Change in derivative instrument liability | | 1,016 | | 4,073 | |
Provision for doubtful accounts and sales returns | | 455 | | (46 | ) |
Loss on disposal of property and equipment | | 76 | | 48 | |
Provision for inventory reserves | | 56 | | 138 | |
In-process research and development | | — | | 5,640 | |
Deferred taxes | | (924 | ) | (3,195 | ) |
Change in assets and liabilities, net of effect of acquisition: | | | | | |
Accounts receivable | | (516 | ) | 1,746 | |
Inventories | | (6,605 | ) | (3,782 | ) |
Deferred product costs | | (4,026 | ) | (6,208 | ) |
Prepaid expenses and other | | (18 | ) | 254 | |
Accounts payable | | (772 | ) | 6,107 | |
Accrued and other liabilities | | (1,008 | ) | (1,198 | ) |
Deferred revenue and customer deposits | | 914 | | 2,315 | |
| | | | | |
Net cash used in operating activities | | (11,839 | ) | (3,881 | ) |
| | | | | |
Cash flows from investing activities: | | | | | |
Purchase of property and equipment | | (2,062 | ) | (1,671 | ) |
Purchase of short-term investments | | (38,218 | ) | (54,235 | ) |
Proceeds from the sale of short-term investments | | 34,773 | | 94,246 | |
Acquisition of Vidus, net of cash acquired | | — | | (5,211 | ) |
| | | | | |
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities | | (5,507 | ) | 33,129 | |
| | | | | |
Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | | |
Proceeds from sale of common stock | | 1,511 | | 1,129 | |
Proceeds from payment on note receivable issued to stockholder | | 2 | | 3 | |
Excess tax benefit on the exercise of employee stock options | | 190 | | — | |
Net cash provided by financing activities | | 1,703 | | 1,132 | |
| | | | | |
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents | | (15,643 | ) | 30,380 | |
Cash and cash equivalents: | | | | | |
Beginning of period | | 25,773 | | 14,494 | |
End of period | | $ | 10,130 | | $ | 44,874 | |
| | | | | |
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: | | | | | |
Dividends accrued on redeemable preferred stock | | $ | 250 | | $ | 181 | |
Change in unrealized loss on short-term investments, net of tax effects | | $ | 24 | | $ | 98 | |
Cash paid for income taxes | | $ | 80 | | $ | 30 | |
Non-cash investing and financing activities: | | | | | |
Issuance of common stock, redeemable preferred stock and options in connection with the acquisition of Vidus | | $ | — | | $ | 38,155 | |
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
4
@Road, Inc.
Notes To Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited)
Note 1 —Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Restatement of Financial Statements
Subsequent to December 31, 2005, the Company determined that its unaudited quarterly condensed consolidated financial statements for the periods ended March 31, 2005, June 30, 2005 and September 30, 2005 contained errors resulting from the improper accounting for the common and redeemable preferred stock issued in connection with the Company’s acquisition of Vidus Limited (“Vidus”) which was completed on February 18, 2005. See “Note 6—Derivative Financial Instrument Liabilities” for further discussion.
The impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 was an increase in net loss of $3.3 million and $4.1 million, respectively. As a result, the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 have been restated from the previously reported results to correct this error. The following is a summary of the significant effects of the restatement (in thousands, except per share data):
| | Three Months Ended June 30, 2005 | | Six Months Ended June 30, 2005 | |
| | As Previously Reported | | As Restated | | Change | | As Previously Reported | | As Restated | | Change | |
Change in derivative instrument liability | | $ | — | | $ | (3,332 | ) | $ | (3,332 | ) | $ | — | | $ | (4,073 | ) | $ | (4,073 | ) |
Total other income (expense), net | | 575 | | (2,757 | ) | (3,332 | ) | 1,195 | | (2,878 | ) | (4,073 | ) |
Net loss before income taxes | | (4,132 | ) | (7,464 | ) | (3,332 | ) | (11,510 | ) | (15,583 | ) | (4,073 | ) |
Net loss | | (937 | ) | (4,269 | ) | (3,332 | ) | (8,315 | ) | (12,388 | ) | (4,073 | ) |
Net loss attributable to common stockholders | | $ | (1,061 | ) | $ | (4,393 | ) | $ | (3,332 | ) | $ | (8,496 | ) | $ | (12,569 | ) | $ | (4,073 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net loss per share: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | $ | (0.02 | ) | $ | (0.07 | ) | $ | (0.05 | ) | $ | (0.14 | ) | $ | (0.21 | ) | $ | (0.07 | ) |
Diluted | | $ | (0.02 | ) | $ | (0.07 | ) | $ | (0.05 | ) | $ | (0.14 | ) | $ | (0.21 | ) | $ | (0.07 | ) |
Basis of Consolidation and Presentation
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include @Road, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”). Intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated upon consolidation.
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements were prepared by the Company, without an audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations, although the Company believes the disclosures made herein are adequate to make the information presented not misleading.
In the opinion of management, the financial statements include all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments (except for the adjustments to restate the financial statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 discussed above) necessary to fairly present the financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows for the periods presented. Results of operations for the periods presented are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for any other interim period or for the full year. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto in its Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2005, dated August 9, 2006 and filed with the SEC.
5
Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an on-going basis, the Company evaluates its estimates, including those related to revenue recognition, stock-based compensation, intangible assets and goodwill, allowance for doubtful accounts, income taxes and legal and other contingencies. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Certain Significant Risks and Uncertainties
The Company participates in a dynamic high-technology industry and believes that adverse changes in any of the following areas could have a material adverse effect on its future financial position, results of operations or cash flows: the ability of the Company to integrate @Road, Ltd. (formerly Vidus) operations successfully; the ability of the Company to accelerate or continue to grow as a result of its investment initiatives; the ability of the Company and its alliances to market, sell and support the Company solutions; the timing of purchasing and implementation decisions by prospects and customers; competition; the dependence of the Company on mobile data systems technology, wireless networks, network infrastructure and positioning systems owned and controlled by others; advances and trends in new technologies and industry standards; market acceptance of the Company’s existing or new solutions; development of sales channels; changes in third-party manufacturers, key suppliers, certain strategic or customer relationships; litigation or claims against the Company based on intellectual property, product, regulatory or other factors; and the Company’s ability to attract and retain employees necessary to support its growth.
Motorola is the sole supplier of microcontrollers and certain modems used in the Company’s products. Micronet is the sole supplier of our Internet Data TerminalTM (“iDT”) device. Everex is the sole supplier of our Internet Location Manager—WiFi (“iLM®-W”) device. The Company expects to rely on these suppliers as the sole source for these components and devices for the next several years.
Revenue Recognition
The Company follows specific and detailed guidelines in recognizing revenue in accordance with the provisions of AICPA Statement of Position 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, as amended by Statement of Position 98-4, Deferral of the Effective Date of a Provision of SOP 97-2 and Statement of Position 98-9, Modification of SOP 97-2, as well as Accounting Research Bulletin No. 45, Long-Term Construction-Type Contracts and Statement of Position 81-1, Accounting for Performance of Construction-Type and Certain Production-Type Contracts. The Company recognizes revenue when the price is fixed and determinable, persuasive evidence of an agreement exists, the obligations under any such agreement are fulfilled and collectibility is probable.
The Company’s revenues are comprised of hosted revenue and licensed revenue. Hosted revenue is derived from monthly fees for the Company’s Field Force Management (“FFM”) and Field Asset Management (“FAM”) solutions and monthly or upfront fees for in-vehicle hardware devices enabling a mobile resource to utilize these FFM or FAM solutions. Licensed revenue is comprised of license fees, installation, training and related post-contract customer support (“PCS”) services fees relating to the Company’s Field Service Management (“FSM”) TaskforceTM software solution.
Monthly fees for the Company’s hosted solutions are recognized ratably over the contract period, which commences (a) upon installation of the Company’s proprietary hardware devices in customers’ mobile worker vehicles, or (b) upon the creation of subscription licenses and a subscriber account on its website where subscribers have elected to use an @ Road solution with a mobile telephone. Upfront fees for the Company’s hosted solution primarily consist of amounts for the in-vehicle enabling hardware device and peripherals, if any. The Company defers upfront fees at installation and recognizes them ratably over the minimum service contract period, generally one to five years. Product costs are also deferred and amortized over such period. Renewal rates for the Company’s hosted solutions are not considered priced at a bargain in comparison to the upfront fees (as described in Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104, Revenue Recognition). If the Company cannot objectively determine the fair value of any undelivered element included in hosted arrangements, it defers revenue until all elements are delivered, all services have been performed or fair value can objectively be determined.
Licensed revenue associated with the fees for the license of the Company’s FSM Taskforce product and related customization and installation services is generally recognized using the percentage-of-completion method of accounting over the period that services are performed. For agreements accounted for under the percentage-of-completion method, the Company determines progress to completion based on actual direct labor hours incurred to date as a percentage of the estimated total direct labor hours required to complete the project. The Company periodically evaluates the actual status of each project to ensure that the estimates to complete each contract remain accurate. A provision for estimated losses on contracts is made in the period in which the loss becomes probable and can be reasonably estimated. To date, the Company has not incurred any such losses. If the amount of revenue recognized exceeds the amount billed to customers, the excess amount is recorded as unbilled accounts receivable. If the amount billed exceeds the amount of revenue recognized, the excess amount is recorded as customer deposits.
6
The Company derives PCS fees from PCS agreements, which are generally initially purchased at the same time as a license for its Taskforce product. PCS can include telephone and email support and the right to receive unspecified upgrades on a when-and-if-available basis. PCS agreements may generally be renewed on an annual basis. The Company recognizes revenue for PCS, based on vendor specific objective evidence (“VSOE”) of fair value, ratably over the term of the PCS period. It generally determines VSOE of PCS based on the stated fees for PCS renewal set forth in the original license agreement. If the Company is unable to establish VSOE of fair value, it recognizes all fees ratably over the term of the PCS, when the only remaining undelivered element is PCS.
For arrangements with multiple elements, such as licenses, customization services and PCS services, the Company allocates revenue to each element based upon its fair value as determined by VSOE. VSOE for each element is based on normal pricing and discounting practices when the element is sold separately. VSOE for PCS services is measured by the stated renewal rate. If the Company cannot objectively determine the fair value of any undelivered element included in license arrangements, it defers revenue until the earliest of either: (a) all elements are delivered, (b) all services have been performed or only PCS services remain to be delivered, or (c) fair value can objectively be determined. When the fair value of a delivered element has not been established, the Company uses the residual method to record license revenue if the fair value of all undelivered elements is determinable. Under the residual method, the fair value of the undelivered elements is deferred and the remaining portion of the fee is allocated to the delivered elements and is recognized as revenue, assuming all other criteria have been met.
Pursuant to Emerging Issues Taskforce Issue 06-3, How Taxes Collected from Customers and Remitted to Governmental Authorities Should Be Presented in the Income Statement (“EITF 06-3”), the Company elected to present taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities net in its financial statements consistent with the Company’s historical presentation of this information.
Comprehensive Loss
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 130, Reporting Comprehensive Income, requires that an enterprise report, by major components and as a single total, the change in its net assets during the period from non-owner sources. Accumulated other comprehensive loss was comprised of unrealized losses of $102,000 and $78,000 on short-term investments at June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively.
Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company does not use derivative instruments to hedge exposures to cash flow, market, or foreign currency risks. In accordance with SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (“SFAS 133”), certain derivatives embedded in our Series B preferred stock are bifurcated and accounted for separately. The original host instruments were initially reported, at fair value, as Preferred Stock and the embedded derivatives were initially reported, at fair value, as liabilities. Because these derivatives do not qualify as hedging instruments, changes in fair values of such derivatives are reported as charges or credits to income.
Major Customers
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 AT&T Inc. represented 16% and 15%, respectively, of total revenues. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, Verizon accounted for 15% and 16% of total revenues, respectively. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, no other customer represented 10% or more of total revenues.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment (“SFAS 123R”), that addresses the accounting for stock-based payment transactions in which an enterprise receives employee services in exchange for either equity instruments of the enterprise or liabilities that are based on the fair value of the enterprise’s equity instruments or that may be settled by the issuance of such equity instruments. The statement eliminates the ability to account for stock-based compensation transactions using the intrinsic value method as prescribed by Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees (“APB 25”), and generally requires that such transactions be accounted for using a fair value based method and recognized as expense in the condensed consolidated statement of operations. SFAS 123R also requires additional accounting for the tax benefit on employee stock options and for stock issued under the Company’s employee stock purchase plan. The adoption of SFAS 123R on January 1, 2006, had a material impact on the Company’s results of operations and financial position. See “Note 9 — Employee Benefit Plans” for additional disclosure related to SFAS 123R.
In November 2005, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) Nos. SFAS 115-1 and SFAS 124-1, The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments. This FSP addresses the determination as to when an investment is considered impaired, whether that impairment is other than temporary and the measurement of an impairment loss. This FSP also includes accounting considerations subsequent to the recognition of other-than-temporary impairments. The adoption of the FSP did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated statement of operations and financial condition.
7
On June 7, 2005, the FASB issued SFAS No. 154, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections, a replacement of APB Opinion No. 20, Accounting Changes, and Statement No. 3, Reporting Accounting Changes in Interim Financial Statements (“SFAS 154”). SFAS 154 changes the requirements for accounting and reporting a change in accounting principle. Previously, most voluntary changes in accounting principles were required to be recognized by way of a cumulative effect adjustment within net income during the period of the change. SFAS 154 requires retrospective application to prior periods’ financial statements, unless it is impracticable to determine either the period-specific effects or the cumulative effect of the change. SFAS 154 is effective for accounting changes made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005; however, SFAS 154 does not change the transition provisions of any existing accounting pronouncements.
In July 2005, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (“FIN 48”). This interpretation prescribes a comprehensive model for how a company should recognize, measure, present, and disclose in its financial statements uncertain tax positions that the company has taken or expects to take on a tax return. Under the Interpretation, the financial statements will reflect expected future tax consequences of such positions presuming the taxing authorities' full knowledge of the position and all relevant facts, but without considering time values. The Company has not yet completed its evaluation of the impact that adoption of FIN 48 will have on the Company’s condensed consolidated statement of operations and financial condition.
Note 2 — Basic and Diluted Net Loss per Share
Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders for the period by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders for the period by the weighted average number of common shares and potentially dilutive common shares outstanding during the period. Potentially dilutive common shares, composed of unvested restricted common stock and incremental common shares issuable upon the exercise of stock options, are included in diluted net loss per share (using the treasury stock method) to the extent such shares are dilutive. Potentially dilutive shares that are anti-dilutive, as calculated based on the weighted average closing price of the Company’s common stock for the period, are excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share. Common share equivalents are excluded from the computation in loss periods, as their effect would be anti-dilutive.
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share for the periods indicated (in thousands, except per share amounts):
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2006 | | 2005 | |
Net loss attributable to common stockholders (numerator) | | $ | (3,622 | ) | $ | (4,393 | ) | $ | (6,492 | ) | $ | (12,569 | ) |
Shares (denominator): | | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average common shares outstanding | | 61,527 | | 60,551 | | 61,363 | | 58,977 | |
Weighted average common shares outstanding subject to repurchase | | — | | — | | — | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Shares used in computation | | 61,527 | | 60,551 | | 61,363 | | 58,977 | |
Diluted | | | | | | | | | |
Dilution impact from option equivalent shares | | — | | — | | — | | — | |
Dilution impact from employee stock purchase plan | | — | | — | | — | | — | |
Add back weighted average common shares subject to repurchase | | — | | — | | — | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Shares used in computation | | 61,527 | | 60,551 | | 61,363 | | 58,977 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net loss per share | | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | $ | (0.06 | ) | $ | (0.07 | ) | $ | (0.11 | ) | $ | (0.21 | ) |
Diluted | | $ | (0.06 | ) | $ | (0.07 | ) | $ | (0.11 | ) | $ | (0.21 | ) |
For the periods presented, the Company had securities outstanding which could potentially dilute basic income per share in the future, but which were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share in the periods presented, as their effect would have been anti-dilutive due to the Company being in a loss position or due to
8
outstanding options with exercise prices greater than the average fair market value for the respective periods presented. Such outstanding securities consist of the following (shares in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2006 | | 2005 | |
Outstanding options | | 3,730 | | 7,019 | | 4,522 | | 6,484 | |
Weighted average exercise price of outstanding options | | $ | 7.39 | | $ | 6.02 | | $ | 6.81 | | $ | 6.26 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Note 3. — Business Combinations, Goodwill and Intangible Assets
On February 18, 2005, the Company completed the acquisition of Vidus in a transaction accounted for as a business combination using the purchase method. As consideration for the acquisition, the Company issued approximately 5.5 million shares of its common stock valued at $24.7 million, newly created redeemable preferred stock (“preferred stock”) valued at approximately $12.9 million, extinguished for cash existing debt of approximately $5.5 million in exchange for all of the outstanding shares of Vidus capital stock, and issued approximately 146,000 vested options with a fair value of $531,000. Under the terms of the stock option grants, each option has been classified as a non-qualified stock option, is fully vested, has an exercise price ranging from $0.67 to $2.00 per share and has a one-year term. The Company incurred acquisition related costs of $2.6 million, of which $478,000 was allocated to the issuance of common stock. The purchase price of approximately $46.3 million was allocated among the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed on the basis of their estimated fair values on the acquisition date.
The shares of common stock issued in the acquisition were valued in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 99-12, Determination of the Measurement Date for the Market Price of Acquirer Securities Issued in a Purchase Business Combination (“EITF 99-12”). In accordance with EITF 99-12, the Company established the first date on which the number of the Company’s shares and the amount of other consideration became fixed as of February 18, 2005. Accordingly, the Company valued the transaction using the average closing price of the Company’s common stock for the two-day period ending on February 18, 2005, or $4.53 per share.
The shares of redeemable preferred stock issued in the acquisition contain a provision whereby the redemption value may be increased based on the future price of the Company’s common stock (the “top-up” amount) and were recorded at fair value as required by SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations (“SFAS 141”) and Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 97-8, Accounting for Contingent Consideration Issued in a Purchase Business Combination (“EITF 97-8”). The fair value of the redeemable preferred stock was determined to be the aggregate of the redemption value of the preferred stock discounted at 6.5%, plus the estimated value of the embedded put and call options and the estimated top-up, discounted at the Company’s estimated cost of equity of 14.87%. See “Note 6—Derivative Financial Instrument Liability” and “Note 7—Redeemable Preferred Stock” for further discussion of the top-up.
The fair value of the stock options was determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions: no dividend yield, expected volatility of 96%, expected life of one year and a risk-free interest rate of 3.09%.
The Vidus acquisition was accounted for under SFAS No. 141, and certain specified provisions of SFAS 142. The results of operations of Vidus are included in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations beginning February 19, 2005.
The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the tangible assets acquired and the liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition (in thousands):
Cash | | $ | 1,269 | |
Accounts receivable | | 1,669 | |
Prepaid expenses and other | | 412 | |
Property and equipment | | 1,022 | |
Notes receivable from stockholder | | 11 | |
Total tangible assets acquired | | 4,383 | |
Accounts payable | | (540 | ) |
Accrued liabilities | | (2,148 | ) |
Deferred revenue | | (4,270 | ) |
Total tangible liabilities assumed | | (6,958 | ) |
Net tangible liabilities assumed | | $ | (2,575 | ) |
Under the purchase method of accounting, the Company allocated the total purchase price to the acquired net tangible and intangible assets based upon their fair market value as of the date of acquisition, February 18, 2005. The intangible assets recognized,
9
apart from goodwill, represented contractual or other legal rights of Vidus and those intangible assets of Vidus that could be clearly identified. These intangible assets were identified and valued through interviews and analysis of data provided by Vidus concerning development projects, their stage of development, the time and resources needed to complete them and, if applicable, their expected income generating ability. There were no other contractual or other legal rights of Vidus clearly identifiable by management, other than those identified below.
The allocation of the purchase price to the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed was as follows (in thousands):
Fair value of net tangible liabilities assumed | | $ | (2,575 | ) |
Intangible assets acquired: | | | |
Core developed technology | | 18,410 | |
Order backlog | | 5,500 | |
Customer relationships | | 3,660 | |
Trademarks | | 3,250 | |
Trade names | | 2,270 | |
| | 33,090 | |
| | | |
In-process research and development | | 5,640 | |
Costs allocated to common stock issued | | 478 | |
Deferred tax liability, net | | (3,693 | ) |
Goodwill | | 13,341 | |
Purchase price | | $ | 46,281 | |
Core Developed Technology
Core developed technology of approximately $18.4 million relates to the Taskforce technology. At the date of acquisition, the developed technology was complete and had reached technological feasibility. Any costs to be incurred in the future will relate to the ongoing maintenance of the developed technology and will be expensed as incurred. To estimate the fair value of the developed technology, an income approach was used with a discount rate of 35%, which included an analysis of future cash flows and the risks associated with achieving such cash flows. The developed technology is being amortized over its estimated useful life of ten years.
Order Backlog and Customer Relationships
The order backlog of approximately $5.5 million and the customer relationships of approximately $3.7 million represented the fair value of the PCS obligations and existing customer relationships. To estimate the fair value of the order backlog and the customer relationships, an income approach was used with a discount rate of 30%. The order backlog and customer relationships are amortized over their estimated useful lives of three and ten years, respectively.
Trademarks
The Taskforce solution has strong name recognition in European field service management, telecommunications, cable and utilities markets. To estimate the fair value of the trademark an income approach was used with a discount rate of 40%. The Company expects to continue to produce and market the Taskforce product. Therefore, an analysis of various economic factors indicated the period of time the trademark would contribute to future cash flows. Because cash flow is expected to continue indefinitely, the trademark is not being amortized, but is tested for impairment at least annually and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable.
Trade Names
The Vidus trade name had strong name recognition in European markets. At the time of the acquisition, the Company expected to continue to utilize the Vidus trade name in Europe. The fair value was determined using an income approach with a discount rate of 40% and based on an analysis of various economic factors the Company determined that the useful life of the trade name was indefinite. During the fourth quarter of 2005, management determined that the acquired Vidus trade name would no longer be utilized. As a result, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $2.3 million.
10
In-Process Research and Development
Development projects that had reached technological feasibility were classified as developed technology, and the value assigned to developed technology was capitalized. In-process research and development of approximately $5.6 million reflected research projects that had not reached technological feasibility or had no alternative future use at the time of the acquisition and was immediately expensed. In order to achieve technological feasibility, the Company estimated the hours required to complete the projects would cost approximately $5.7 million. The Company estimated the fair value assigned to in-process research and development using the income approach, which discounts to present value the cash flows attributable to the technology once it had reached technological feasibility using a discount rate of 40%. The stages of completion were determined by estimating the costs and time incurred to date relative to the costs and time expected to be incurred to develop the in-process technology into a commercially viable technology or product, while considering the relative difficulty of completing the various tasks and overcoming the obstacles necessary to attain technological feasibility. The weighted average stage of completion for all projects, in the aggregate, was approximately 80% as of the acquisition date. Cash flows from sales of products incorporating those technologies commenced in fiscal 2005. Expenditures to complete the acquired in-process research and development approximated the original estimates.
Goodwill
Goodwill of approximately $13.3 million represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired. The acquisition allows the Company to integrate its technology with Vidus’ technology for dynamic scheduling, dispatching, routing and appointment booking of mobile workers, cross-sell the companies’ solutions and further develop the combined technologies to provide customers with seamlessly integrated solutions. The acquisition also creates the ability to expand the Company’s business to Europe and other international markets. These opportunities, along with the ability to hire the Vidus workforce, were significant contributing factors to the establishment of the purchase price, resulting in the recognition of a significant amount of goodwill. The goodwill and intangible assets were allocated to the licensed reporting segment. The goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.
The results of operations of Vidus are included in the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Operations from the date of the acquisition. If the Company had acquired Vidus at the beginning of the periods presented, the Company’s unaudited pro forma revenue, net loss, net loss attributable to common stockholders and net loss per share would have been as follows (in thousands, except per share amount):
| | Six Months Ended June 30, 2005 | |
Revenue | | $ | 41,311 | |
Net loss | | (15,073 | ) |
Net loss attributable to common stockholders | | (15,323 | ) |
Net loss per share (basic and diluted) | | (0.25 | ) |
Shares used in computing net loss per share (basic and diluted) | | 60,423 | |
| | | | |
These results are not necessarily indicative of what the actual results of operations would have been if the acquisition of Vidus had in fact occurred on the dates or for the periods indicated, nor do they purport to project the results of operations for any future periods or as of any date. These results do not give effect to any cost savings, operating synergies, and revenue enhancements which may result from the acquisition of Vidus or the costs of achieving these cost savings, operating synergies, and revenue enhancements. The in-process research and development charge of approximately $5.6 million is included in the net loss attributable to common stockholders for the six months ended June 30, 2005.
Intangible Assets
SFAS 142 requires purchased intangible assets other than goodwill to be amortized over their expected useful lives unless these lives are determined to be indefinite. Purchased intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortization. Amortization is computed over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets, generally two to ten years.
11
Intangible assets were as follows (in thousands):
| | As of June 30, 2006 | | As of December 31, 2005 | |
| | Carrying Amount | | Accumulated Amortization | | Net | | Carrying Amount | | Accumulated Amortization | | Net | |
Amortized intangible assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Core developed technology | | $ | 23,462 | | $ | (7,561 | ) | $ | 15,901 | | $ | 23,462 | | $ | (6,641 | ) | $ | 16,821 | |
Order backlog | | 5,500 | | (2,499 | ) | 3,001 | | 5,500 | | (1,582 | ) | 3,918 | |
Customer relationships | | 3,660 | | (499 | ) | 3,161 | | 3,660 | | (316 | ) | 3,344 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | 32,622 | | (10,559 | ) | 22,063 | | 32,622 | | (8,539 | ) | 24,083 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Unamortized intangible assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Trademarks | | 3,250 | | — | | 3,250 | | 3,250 | | — | | 3,250 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total intangible assets | | $ | 35,872 | | $ | (10,559 | ) | $ | 25,313 | | $ | 35,872 | | $ | (8,539 | ) | $ | 27,333 | |
During the fourth quarter of 2005, management determined that Vidus Limited would officially change its name to @Road, Ltd. Therefore, the acquired Vidus trade name will no longer be utilized. The name change is intended to leverage the @Road brand equity and more closely reflect the Company’s objective of adding end-to-end MRM solutions offerings in Europe. As a result, the Company reduced the carrying value to zero resulting in an impairment charge of $2.3 million during the three months ended December 31, 2005.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2006, amortization of intangible assets was $1.0 million and $2.0 million, respectively, compared to $1.0 million and $1.5 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, respectively. The estimated future amortization expense of purchased intangible assets as of June 30, 2006 is as follows (in thousands):
Remainder of 2006 | | $ | 2,020 | |
2007 | | 4,040 | |
2008 | | 2,458 | |
2009 | | 2,207 | |
2010 | | 2,207 | |
Thereafter | | 9,131 | |
| | | |
Total | | $ | 22,063 | |
Note 4 — Short-Term Investments
Short-term investments included the following available-for-sale securities at June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005 (in thousands):
| | As of June 30, 2006 | |
| | Amortized Cost | | Unrealized Gains | | Unrealized (Losses) | | Estimated Fair Value | |
U.S. Government debt securities | | $ | 42,799 | | $ | — | | $ | (99 | ) | $ | 42,700 | |
Municipal debt securities | | 35,434 | | — | | — | | 35,434 | |
Corporate debt securities | | 2,933 | | — | | (3 | ) | 2,930 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 81,166 | | $ | — | | $ | (102 | ) | $ | 81,064 | |
| | As of December 31, 2005 | |
| | Amortized Cost | | Unrealized Gains | | Unrealized (Losses) | | Estimated Fair Value | |
U.S. Government debt securities | | $ | 39,276 | | $ | — | | $ | (72 | ) | $ | 39,204 | |
Municipal debt securities | | 36,802 | | — | | (6 | ) | 36,796 | |
Corporate debt securities | | 1,643 | | — | | — | | 1,643 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 77,721 | | $ | — | | $ | (78 | ) | $ | 77,643 | |
In accordance with EITF 03-1, The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments, the following table shows gross unrealized losses and fair value for those investments that were in an unrealized loss position as of June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, aggregated by investment category and the length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous loss position (in thousands):
12
| | As of June 30, 2006 | |
| | Less than 12 Months | | 12 Months or Greater | | Total | |
| | Fair Value | | Unrealized Loss | | Fair Value | | Unrealized Loss | | Fair Value | | Unrealized Loss | |
U.S. Government debt securities | | $ | 42,700 | | $ | (99 | ) | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 42,700 | | $ | (99 | ) |
Municipal debt securities | | 35,434 | | — | | — | | — | | 35,434 | | — | |
Corporate debt securities | | 2,930 | | (3 | ) | — | | — | | 2,930 | | (3 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 81,064 | | $ | (102 | ) | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 81,064 | | $ | (102 | ) |
| | As of December 31, 2005 | |
| | Less than 12 Months | | 12 Months or Greater | | Total | |
| | Fair Value | | Unrealized Loss | | Fair Value | | Unrealized Loss | | Fair Value | | Unrealized Loss | |
U.S. Government debt securities | | $ | 39,204 | | $ | (72 | ) | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 39,204 | | $ | (72 | ) |
Municipal debt securities | | 36,796 | | (6 | ) | — | | — | | 36,796 | | (6 | ) |
Corporate debt securities | | 1,643 | | — | | — | | — | | 1,643 | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 77,643 | | $ | (78 | ) | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 77,643 | | $ | (78 | ) |
The Company reviews investments in debt securities for other than temporary impairment whenever the fair value of an investment is less than amortized cost and evidence indicates that an investment’s carrying amount is not recoverable within a reasonable period of time. The decline in value of these investments is primarily related to changes in interest rates and is considered to be temporary in nature. When evaluating the investments, the Company considers whether it has the ability and intent to hold the investment until a market recovery and considers whether evidence indicating the cost of the investment is recoverable outweighs evidence to the contrary. Evidence considered in this assessment includes the reasons for the impairment, compliance with the Company’s investment policy, the severity and duration of the impairment, changes in the value subsequent to period-end and forecasted performance of the investee. The Company has reviewed those securities with unrealized losses as of June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005 for other-than-temporary impairment, and has concluded that no other-than-temporary impairment existed as of June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005.
Note 5 — Balance Sheet Components
Inventories consist of raw materials, work in process and finished goods, are stated at the lower of cost (average cost) or market and consist of (in thousands):
| | As of June 30, 2006 | | As of December 31, 2005 | |
Raw materials | | $ | 3,127 | | $ | 1,796 | |
Work in process | | 6,893 | | 2,013 | |
Finished goods | | 2,634 | | 2,278 | |
| | | | | |
Total | | $ | 12,654 | | $ | 6,087 | |
13
Property and equipment, net consist of (in thousands):
| | As of June 30, 2006 | | As of December 31, 2005 | |
Computers and software | | $ | 15,674 | | $ | 14,424 | |
Manufacturing and office equipment | | 819 | | 663 | |
Furniture and fixtures | | 383 | | 455 | |
Leasehold improvements | | 1,279 | | 695 | |
| | | | | |
Total | | 18,155 | | 16,237 | |
Accumulated depreciation and amortization | | (11,512 | ) | (10,042 | ) |
| | | | | |
Property and equipment, net | | $ | 6,643 | | $ | 6,195 | |
Accrued liabilities consist of (in thousands):
| | As of June 30, 2006 | | As of December 31, 2005 | |
Accrued compensation and related benefits | | $ | 3,615 | | $ | 3,629 | |
Other accrued expenses | | 4,285 | | 5,122 | |
Total | | $ | 7,900 | | $ | 8,751 | |
Note 6 — Derivative Financial Instrument Liabilities
In connection with the Vidus acquisition, the Company issued shares of its Series B-1 and B-2 redeemable preferred stock with an embedded feature indexed to the Company’s common stock, the top-up amount, that is payable to the holders of the redeemable preferred stock upon redemption. See “Note 7—Redeemable Preferred Stock” for further discussion. In accordance with SFAS 133, the top-up amount is considered a derivative instrument that should be bifurcated from the preferred stock host and recognized as either an asset or liability, depending on the rights and obligations under the contract, and should be measured at fair value. The Company accounts for changes in the fair value of the derivative instrument, which is not designated as a hedging instrument, through the current period earnings.
The Company uses the Monte Carlo simulation of its stock price with the movements in its stock price following a geometric Brownian motion to value the derivative instrument that is recorded as a derivative liability. In valuing the embedded derivative, the Company used the market price of its common stock on the date of valuation, a historical volatility and the expected remaining period to the expiration date of the top-up period. The Company used the following valuation assumptions:
| | As of | | As of | | As of | | As of | | As of | | As of | |
| | June 30, | | March 31 | | December 31, | | June 30, | | March 31, | | February 18, | |
| | 2006 | | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2005 | | 2005 | | 2005 | |
Historical volatility | | 43 | % | 47 | % | 54 | % | 88 | % | 88 | % | 88 | % |
Expected remaining period | | 3 months | | 6 months | | 9 months | | 12 months | | 15 months | | 15 months | |
Valuation date market price of common stock | | $ | 5.52 | | $ | 5.07 | | $ | 5.23 | | $ | 2.66 | | $ | 4.10 | | $ | 4.50 | |
Risk-free interest rate | | 4.95 | % | 4.75 | % | 4.33 | % | 3.42 | % | 3.32 | % | 3.07 | % |
Discount rate | | 15.30 | % | 15.97 | % | 16.07 | % | 15.16 | % | 15.12 | % | 14.87 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The fair value of this derivative instrument was estimated at $3.9 million at June 30, 2006, $4.1 million at March 31, 2006 and $2.9 million at December 31, 2005. The change in the fair value of $135,000 and $(1.0) million was recorded in total other income (expense), net in the condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006, respectively. The change in the fair value of $(3.3) million and $(4.1) million was recorded in total other income (expense), net in the condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, respectively.
Based on the highest ten consecutive trading days average closing price of the Company’s common stock of $5.73 per share through June 30, 2006, the aggregate top-up, as if determined on June 30, 2006, is $7.1 million. The top-up amount will further decrease if, and to the extent that, the average closing price of our common stock for any ten consecutive trading day period ending on or before September 25, 2006 is greater than $5.73 per share.
14
Note 7 — Redeemable Preferred Stock
On February 18, 2005, the Board of Directors of the Company authorized the creation of four series of preferred stock and designated approximately 44,000, 44,000, 5,000 and 5,000 shares as Series A-1, A-2, B-1 and B-2 preferred stock, respectively, of which approximately 24,000, 44,000, 5,000 and 5,000 shares of Series A-1, A-2, B-1 and B-2 preferred stock, respectively, were issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2006.
Dividends
The holders of the Series A-1, A-2, B-1 and B-2 preferred stock are entitled to receive dividends at the rate of $6.50 per share annually. The dividends accrue day to day, whether or not earned or declared, from February 18, 2005. The dividends are payable when and if declared by the Board of Directors or when shares are redeemed. Any accumulation of unpaid dividends on the preferred stock does not bear interest. Accrued dividends totaled $686,000 as of June 30, 2006.
Redemption
The holders of the Series A-1 and B-1 preferred stock may elect to redeem all or a portion of the shares at any time, and the holders of the Series A-2 and B-2 preferred stock may elect to redeem all or a portion of the shares on or after February 18, 2007.
Each share of Series A-1 and A-2 preferred stock is redeemable for an amount equal to (i) $100 plus (ii) all declared or accumulated but unpaid dividends. Each share of Series B-1 and B-2 preferred stock is redeemable for an amount equal to (i) $100, plus (ii) all declared or accumulated but unpaid dividends, plus (iii) the top-up amount, if there is no consecutive ten trading day period from September 25, 2005 to September 25, 2006 during which the average per share closing price of the Company’s common stock is greater than or equal to $7.00. The top-up amount is calculated as follows: $54.2 million less the greater of (i) $38.0 million and (ii) the sum of 5.6 million multiplied by the highest average closing price for the Company’s common stock for any ten consecutive trading day period from September 25, 2005 to September 25, 2006 plus $15 million.
On or after February 18, 2009, the Company may redeem all or any portion of the Series A-1, A-2, B-1, and B-2 preferred stock.
Conversion
None of the issued series of preferred stock is convertible.
Liquidation
Series A-1, A-2, B-1 and B-2 preferred stockholders are entitled to receive, upon liquidation, an amount equal to their respective redemption price. The holders of the Series A-1, A-2, B-1 and B-2 preferred stock rank on a pari passu basis as to the receipt of such distributions and in preference to the holders of common stock.
Voting
Each outstanding share of preferred stock is entitled to eleven (11) votes on all matters, voting with the shares of common stock as a class.
The following table illustrates the activity for each series of preferred stock through June 30, 2006 (in thousands):
| | Series A-1 | | Series A-2 | | Series B-1 | | Series B-2 | | Total | |
Issued at fair value | | $ | 2,352 | | $ | 4,424 | | $ | 3,205 | | $ | 2,937 | | $ | 12,918 | |
Reclass of bifurcated derivative instrument, at fair value at issuance | | — | | — | | (2,719 | ) | (2,451 | ) | (5,170 | ) |
Amounts accrued for dividends for the six months ended June 30, 2005 | | 54 | | 103 | | 12 | | 12 | | 181 | |
Balance June 30, 2005 (As Restated) (See Note 1) | | $ | 2,406 | | $ | 4,527 | | $ | 498 | | $ | 498 | | $ | 7,929 | |
Amounts accrued for dividends for the six months ended December 31, 2005 | | 77 | | 146 | | 16 | | 16 | | 255 | |
Balance December 31, 2005 | | $ | 2,483 | | $ | 4,673 | | $ | 514 | | $ | 514 | | $ | 8,184 | |
Amounts accrued for dividends for the six months ended June 30, 2006 | | 77 | | 143 | | 15 | | 15 | | 250 | |
Balance June 30, 2006 | | $ | 2,560 | | $ | 4,816 | | $ | 529 | | $ | 529 | | $ | 8,434 | |
15
Note 8 — Common Stock
The Company’s Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, authorizes it to issue 250,000,000 shares of common stock. At June 30, 2006 and 2005 there were no shares subject to repurchase rights.
At June 30, 2006, the Company had reserved approximately 16,445,000 shares of common stock available for future issuance under its stock option plans, including approximately 9,449,000 shares related to outstanding stock options. In addition, the Company had reserved approximately 2,108,000 shares of common stock available for future issuance under the employee stock purchase plan.
Note 9 — Employee Benefit Plans
Adoption of SFAS 123R
The Company adopted the provisions of SFAS 123R, on January 1, 2006. Under SFAS 123R, stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date, based on the estimated fair value of the award at that date, and is recognized as expense over the employee’s requisite service period (generally over the vesting period of the award) on a straight-line basis. The Company has no awards with market or performance conditions. The Company adopted the provisions of SFAS 123R using a modified-prospective approach. Under the modified prospective approach, prior periods are not revised for comparative purposes. The valuation provisions of SFAS 123R apply to new awards and to awards that are outstanding on the effective date and subsequently modified or cancelled. Estimated compensation expense for awards outstanding at the effective date will be recognized on a straight-line basis over the remaining service period using the compensation cost calculated for pro forma disclosure purposes under SFAS 123 as adjusted for estimated forfeitures. The Company has elected to follow the tax law method of determining realization of excess tax benefits in accordance with FAS 123(R).
The effect of recording stock-based compensation for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 was as follows:
| | Three months ended June 30, 2006 | | Six months ended June 30, 2006 | |
Stock-based compensation expense by type of award: | | | | | |
Employee stock options | | $ | 906 | | $ | 1,706 | |
Employee stock purchase plan | | 290 | | 420 | |
Amounts capitalized as inventory | | (1 | ) | (2 | ) |
Total stock-based compensation | | $ | 1,195 | | $ | 2,124 | |
| | | | | |
Tax effect on stock-based compensation | | $ | 351 | | $ | 556 | |
Net effect on net loss | | $ | 844 | | $ | 1,568 | |
| | | | | |
Effect on loss per share: | | | | | |
Basic | | $ | 0.01 | | $ | 0.03 | |
Diluted | | $ | 0.01 | | $ | 0.03 | |
The Company recorded $1.2 million of stock-based compensation expense in its condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended June 30, 2006. A total of $969,000 of this expense relates to prior year awards vesting after January 1, 2006 and $226,000 relates to options granted after the adoption of SFAS 123R. For the six months ended June 30, 2006, the Company recorded $2.1 million of stock-based compensation expense in its condensed consolidated statement of operations of which $1.9 million of this expense relates to prior year awards vesting after January 1, 2006 and $250,000 relates to options granted after the adoption of SFAS 123R.
16
As of June 30, 2006, there was $5.0 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock-based employee compensation arrangements. The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.4 years. Stock-based compensation totaling $1,000 and $2,000 was capitalized as inventory for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006.
Valuation Assumptions
The weighted-average estimated fair value of employee stock options granted during the three months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005 was $3.23 and $1.29 per share, respectively. The weighted-average estimated fair value of employee stock options granted during the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005 was $3.14 and $2.78 per share, respectively. The Company calculated the fair value of each option award on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions (annualized percentages):
| | Three months ended | | Six months ended | |
| | June 30, 2006 | | June 30, 2005 | | June 30, 2006 | | June 30, 2005 | |
Stock option plans: | | | | | | | | | |
Volatility | | 68.6 | % | 78.0 | % | 69.0 | % | 91.0 | % |
Risk-free interest rate | | 5.0 | % | 3.7 | % | 4.7 | % | 3.7 | % |
Dividend yield | | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % |
Expected life (in years) | | 4. 9 | | 2.3 | | 4.9 | | 3.7 | |
Forfeiture rate | | 22.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 22.0 | % | 0.0 | % |
| | Three months ended | | Six months ended | |
| | June 30, 2006 | | June 30, 2005 | | June 30, 2006 | | June 30, 2005 | |
Employee stock purchase plans: | | | | | | | | | |
Volatility | | 57.3 | % | 57.0 | % | 72.2 | % | 86.9 | % |
Risk-free interest rate | | 5.0 | % | 3.1 | % | 4.6 | % | 2.6 | % |
Dividend yield | | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % |
Expected life (in years) | | 1.2 | | 0.5 | | 1.1 | | 0.5 | |
Expected volatility is determined using a 50% weighting to both historical volatility of the Company’s common stock over a period of 4.5 to 4.75 years following the Company’s initial public offering and implied volatility based on the Company’s traded stock options. The risk-free interest rate is calculated using zero coupon rates on treasury notes stripped principal for each grant date given the expected life. The dividend yield of zero is based on the fact that the Company expects to invest cash in operations and has never paid cash dividends on common stock. The expected life is calculated for the period from the Company’s initial public offering using the interval between the grant date and the exercise date weighted by the number of shares exercised. The expected life is adjusted for the anticipated behavior in relation to unexercised options.
As stock-based compensation expense recognized in the statement of operations for 2006 is based on awards ultimately expected to vest, it is reduced for estimated forfeitures. SFAS 123R requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. Pre-vesting forfeitures were estimated to be approximately 22% as of June 30, 2006 based on weighted average historical forfeiture rates. Under the provisions of SFAS 123R, the Company will record additional expense if the actual forfeiture rate is lower than estimated, and will record a recovery of prior expense if the actual forfeiture is higher than estimated. In the Company’s pro forma information required under SFAS 123 for the periods prior to fiscal 2006, the Company accounted for forfeitures as they occurred.
Pro Forma Information under FAS 123 for Periods Prior to Fiscal 2006
Prior to adopting the provisions of SFAS 123R, the Company provided the disclosures required under SFAS 123 as amended by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 148, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation — Transition and Disclosures (“SFAS 148”).
For purposes of pro forma disclosures under SFAS 123 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, the estimated fair value of the stock options was assumed to be amortized to expense over the stock options’ vesting periods. The pro forma effects of recognizing estimated compensation expense under the fair value method on net loss and loss per common share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 were as follows:
17
| | Three Months Ended | | Six Months Ended | |
| | June 30, 2005 | | June 30, 2005 | |
Net loss as reported | | $ | (4,269 | ) | $ | (12,388 | ) |
Add: stock-based employee compensation expense included in reported net loss, net of tax effect | | — | | — | |
Less: stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value based method, net of tax effect | | (1,901 | ) | (4,479 | ) |
| | | | | |
Pro forma net loss | | (6,170 | ) | (16,867 | ) |
Preferred stock dividends | | (124 | ) | (181 | ) |
| | | | | |
Pro forma net loss attributable to common stockholders | | $ | (6,294 | ) | $ | (17,048 | ) |
| | | | | |
Basic net loss per share: | | | | | |
As reported | | $ | (0.07 | ) | $ | (0.21 | ) |
| | | | | |
Pro forma | | $ | (0.10 | ) | $ | (0.29 | ) |
| | | | | |
Diluted net loss per share: | | | | | |
As reported | | $ | (0.07 | ) | $ | (0.21 | ) |
| | | | | |
Pro forma | | $ | (0.10 | ) | $ | (0.29 | ) |
Equity Incentive Plans
The Company has equity incentive plans for directors, officers and employees. Stock options granted under these plans generally vest 25% one year from the date of grant and the remainder vest at a rate of 2.08% per month thereafter. Grants to existing employees generally vest 25% per year on the anniversary of the grant. Non-employee directors upon becoming a director receive an initial grant of options to purchase 40,000 shares vesting over 4 years and annual grants of options to purchase 10,000 shares vesting over one year. Options generally expire 10 years from the date of grant. The Company’s equity incentive plans contain a provision that automatically increases through 2010, on each January 1, the number of shares reserved for issuance under these plans by the lesser of 2,500,000 shares or four percent of the total shares outstanding on the last day of the preceding year.
The following table summarizes activity under the Company’s equity incentive plans for the six months ended June 30, 2006 (in thousands, except per share amounts):
| | Number of Shares | | Weighted Average Exercise Price | | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years) | | Aggregate Intrinsic Value | |
Outstanding at January 1, 2006 | | 9,571 | | $ | 4.81 | | | | | |
Granted | | 602 | | 5.18 | | | | | |
Exercised | | (221 | ) | 2.58 | | | | | |
Canceled | | (503 | ) | 5.49 | | | | | |
Outstanding at June 30, 2006 | | 9,449 | | $ | 4.85 | | 7.0 | | $ | 14,642 | |
Vested and expected to vest at June 30, 2006 | | 8,925 | | $ | 4.95 | | 6.9 | | $ | 13,867 | |
Options exercisable at June 30, 2006 | | 5,570 | | $ | 5.40 | | 5.8 | | $ | 8,906 | |
The aggregate intrinsic value is calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the underlying awards and the quoted price of the Company’s common stock for the 7.2 million options that were in-the-money at June 30, 2006. As of June 30, 2006, the closing price of the Company’s common stock was $5.52 per share. In-the-money options are options with an exercise price lower than the $5.52 closing price. Out-of-the-money options are options with an exercise price greater than the $5.52 closing price. The total intrinsic values of options exercised during the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 was $405,000 and $598,000, respectively,
18
compared to $159,000 and $274,000, respectively, for the same periods in 2005. The intrinsic value is determined as of the date of option exercise. The total cash received from employees as a result of employee stock option exercises during the three months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005 was approximately $376,000 and $108,000, respectively. The total cash received from employees as a result of employee stock option exercises during the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005 was approximately $570,000 and $280,000, respectively.
Additional information regarding options outstanding as of June 30, 2006 is as follows (shares in thousands):
| | Options Outstanding | | Options Exercisable | |
Exercise Price | | Number | | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years) | | Weighted Average Exercise Price | | Number | | Weighted Average Exercise Price | |
$0.07 – 1.63 | | 724 | | 3.9 | | $ | 1.20 | | 724 | | $ | 1.20 | |
1.97 – 2.00 | | 850 | | 5.2 | | 2.00 | | 850 | | 2.00 | |
2.07 – 3.20 | | 898 | | 8.6 | | 2.77 | | 222 | | 2.42 | |
3.40 – 3.69 | | 1,539 | | 7.3 | | 3.54 | | 642 | | 3.59 | |
3.85 – 4.36 | | 1,353 | | 8.4 | | 4.02 | | 328 | | 4.08 | |
4.48 – 5.20 | | 1,512 | | 7.3 | | 4.91 | | 698 | | 4.97 | |
5.27 – 6.38 | | 597 | | 8.4 | | 5.62 | | 130 | | 5.84 | |
6.40 – 9.00 | | 944 | | 5.8 | | 7.69 | | 944 | | 7.69 | |
9.90 – 14.58 | | 1,032 | | 6.3 | | 11.50 | | 1,032 | | 11.50 | |
| | 9,449 | | 6.9 | | $ | 4.85 | | 5,570 | | $ | 5.40 | |
| | Options Exercisable | | Options Unexercisable | | Total Options | |
| | Number of Shares | | Weighted Average Exercise Price | | Number of Shares | | Weighted Average Exercise Price | | Number of Shares | | Weighted Average Exercise Price | |
In-the-money | | 3,484 | | $ | 2.96 | | 3,734 | | $ | 3.98 | | 7,218 | | $ | 3.49 | |
Out-of-the-money | | 2,086 | | 9.48 | | 145 | | 5.95 | | 2,231 | | 9.25 | |
Total options outstanding | | 5,570 | | $ | 5.40 | | 3,879 | | $ | 4.06 | | 9,449 | | $ | 4.85 | |
The Company settles employee stock option exercises with newly issued common shares.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
The Company has an employee stock purchase plan for all eligible employees. This plan is considered compensatory under SFAS 123R. Under the plan, shares of its common stock may be purchased over an offering period with a maximum duration of two years at 85% of the lower of the fair market value on the first day of the applicable offering period or on the last day of the six-month purchase period. Employees may purchase up to 1,800 shares having a value not exceeding 20% of their gross compensation during an offering period. During the six months ended June 30, 2005, employees purchased approximately 295,000 shares at an average price of $2.88 per share. During the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, employees purchased approximately 314,000 shares at an average price of $3.02 per share, respectively. At June 30, 2006, approximately 2,108,000 shares of common stock were reserved for future issuance. The Company’s employee stock purchase plan contains a provision that automatically increases, on each January 1, the number of shares reserved for issuance under the employee stock purchase plan by the lesser of 900,000 or two percent of the total shares outstanding on the last day of the preceding year.
Receivable from Sales of Stock
As a result of the Vidus acquisition, the Company has one note receivable outstanding from an employee that is secured by common stock. The note receivable totals $5,000 at June 30, 2006, which will be fully paid by 2007.
401(k) Saving and Retirement Plan
The Company sponsors a 401(k) Saving and Retirement Plan (“Plan”) for all employees who meet certain eligibility requirements. Participants may contribute, on a pre-tax basis, between 1 percent and 75 percent of their annual compensation, but not to exceed a maximum contribution amount pursuant to Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. The Company is not required to contribute, nor has it contributed, to the Plan for any of the periods presented.
19
Note 10 — Segment Reporting
Reportable segments are based upon the Company’s internal organization structure, the manner in which the operations are managed, the criteria used by the Company’s chief operating decision-maker to evaluate segment performance, the availability of separate financial information. The Company’s chief operating decision-maker is its Chief Executive Officer.
Effective with the acquisition of Vidus, the Company reports the results of its operations in two segments: Hosted and Licensed. The segments are managed separately because each offers different products and serves different markets. The Hosted segment provides FFM and FAM solutions that connect mobile workers in the field to corporate data on demand, help measure overall mobile workforce performance and manage mobile assets. The Licensed segment provides customers with the Company’s FSM Taskforce solution which is designed to enable a predictable and reliable customer experience from commitment to service fulfillment; and to help synchronize the call center and field service operation.
The financial information used by the Company’s chief operating decision-maker includes net revenue from external customers, gross margins and net loss for each of these segments.
Information about operations by reporting segment is as follows (in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | |
| | Hosted | | Licensed | | Consolidated | | Hosted | | Licensed | | Consolidated | |
Net revenue from external customers | | $ | 19,642 | | $ | 3,559 | | $ | 23,201 | | $ | 19,685 | | $ | 941 | | $ | 20,626 | |
Cost of revenue | | 11,345 | | 1,127 | | 12,472 | | 9,227 | | 1,473 | | 10,700 | |
Intangibles amortization | | — | | 1,010 | | 1,010 | | — | | 1,010 | | 1,010 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gross margin | | $ | 8,297 | | $ | 1,422 | | $ | 9,719 | | $ | 10,458 | | $ | (1,542 | ) | $ | 8,916 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gross margin percentage | | 42 | % | 40 | % | 42 | % | 53 | % | (164 | )% | 43 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net loss before income taxes | | $ | (641 | ) | $ | (3,177 | ) | $ | (3,818 | ) | $ | (1,440 | ) | $ | (6,024 | ) | $ | (7,464 | ) |
(Provision for) benefit from income taxes | | (580 | ) | 902 | | 322 | | — | | 3,195 | | 3,195 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net loss | | $ | (1,221 | ) | $ | (2,275 | ) | $ | (3,496 | ) | $ | (1,440 | ) | $ | (2,829 | ) | $ | (4,269 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation | | $ | 637 | | $ | 180 | | $ | 817 | | $ | 459 | | $ | 147 | | $ | 606 | |
| | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | |
| | Hosted | | Licensed | | Consolidated | | Hosted | | Licensed | | Consolidated | |
Net revenue from external customers | | $ | 40,605 | | $ | 7,341 | | $ | 47,946 | | $ | 39,175 | | $ | 1,443 | | $ | 40,618 | |
Cost of revenue | | 22,347 | | 2,357 | | 24,704 | | 18,751 | | 2,173 | | 20,924 | |
Intangibles amortization | | — | | 2,020 | | 2,020 | | — | | 1,467 | | 1,467 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gross margin | | $ | 18,258 | | $ | 2,964 | | $ | 21,222 | | $ | 20,424 | | $ | (2,197 | ) | $ | 18,227 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gross margin percentage | | 45 | % | 40 | % | 44 | % | 52 | % | (152 | )% | 45 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net loss before income taxes | | $ | (1,592 | ) | $ | (5,384 | ) | $ | (6,976 | ) | $ | (1,804 | ) | $ | (13,779 | ) | $ | (15,583 | ) |
(Provision for) benefit from income taxes | | (1,170 | ) | 1,904 | | 734 | | — | | 3,195 | | 3,195 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net loss | | $ | (2,762 | ) | $ | (3,480 | ) | $ | (6,242 | ) | $ | (1,804 | ) | $ | (10,584 | ) | $ | (12,388 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation | | $ | 1,242 | | $ | 369 | | $ | 1,611 | | $ | 944 | | $ | 204 | | $ | 1,148 | |
20
Revenues are attributed to countries based on the location of the customer. The distribution of revenue by geographic area was summarized as follows (in thousands):
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2006 | | 2005 | |
Revenue from Unaffiliated Customers: | | | | | | | | | |
United States and Canada | | $ | 19,645 | | $ | 19,685 | | $ | 40,608 | | $ | 39,175 | |
Europe | | 3,556 | | 941 | | 7,338 | | 1,443 | |
| | $ | 23,201 | | $ | 20,626 | | $ | 47,946 | | $ | 40,618 | |
Long-lived assets are allocated among geographies based upon the country in which the long-lived asset is located or owned.
The distribution of long-lived assets by geographic area was summarized as follows (in thousands):
| | June 30, | | December 31, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | |
Long-Lived Assets, Net: | | | | | |
United States | | $ | 4,970 | | $ | 5,184 | |
United Kingdom | | 39,575 | | 41,773 | |
India | | 1,416 | | 312 | |
| | | | | |
| | $ | 45,961 | | $ | 47,269 | |
Note 11 — Commitments and Contingencies
Lease Commitments
The following table represents the future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating and capital leases as of June 30, 2006 (in thousands).
Remainder of 2006 | | $ | 1,048 | |
2007 | | 2,006 | |
2008 | | 1,798 | |
2009 | | 1,747 | |
2010 | | 1,044 | |
Thereafter | | 634 | |
Total minimum lease payments | | $ | 8,277 | |
The Company recognizes rent expense on a straight-line basis over the lease period and has accrued for rent expense incurred but not paid. Rent expense was approximately $578,000 and $606,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively, and approximately $1.1 million and $1.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
The Company has future minimum lease payments for capital and financing leases for office equipment and furniture in the amount of $70,000 included in the table above.
On February 1, 2006, the Company entered into a lease for its future research and development and customer service center from February 2006 through January 2009, occupying 37,910 square feet in Chennai India. The total minimum future lease payments are included in the table above.
Purchase Commitments
At June 30, 2006, the Company had non-cancelable inventory purchase commitments totaling approximately $9.0 million and other purchase obligations totaling approximately $4.7 million.
21
Legal Proceedings
From time to time, the Company is subject to claims in legal proceedings arising in the normal course of business. Based on evaluation of these matters, the Company believes that these matters will not have a material effect on the results of operations or financial position of the Company.
Other Contingencies
The Company from time to time enters into certain types of agreements that contingently require it to indemnify parties against third party claims. These agreements primarily relate to: (i) certain agreements with the Company’s officers, directors and employees and third parties, under which the Company may be required to indemnify such persons for liabilities arising out of their duties to the Company and (ii) certain agreements under which the Company indemnifies customers and other third parties for claims such as those arising from intellectual property infringement, personal injury, or non-performance under the agreement. Certain of the Company’s strategic alliance agreements include liquidated damages in relation to a change in control. Such indemnification and liquidated damages provisions are accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 5, Accounting for Contingencies. To date, the Company has not incurred any costs related to any claims under such indemnification or liquidated damages provisions.
In general, the Company provides its customers a 12-month limited warranty that the hardware furnished under the hosted agreements will be free from defects in materials and workmanship and will substantially conform to the specifications for such hardware. The Company’s policy is to expense such costs as incurred. To date, the Company has incurred minimal costs related to this limited warranty obligation. The Company also provides its European customers with the longer of the European Union statutory warranty of 90 days or country specific warranty of up to 365 days. If the warranty is invoked, the Company may be required to correct errors in its software rather than refund any fees under the arrangement. As of June 30, 2006, this warranty has not been invoked by any of the Company’s customers.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A for the three months ended March 31, 2006, in our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2005 and in our other filings with the SEC. Except for the historical information contained herein, the matters discussed in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are forward-looking statements involving risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in such forward-looking statements. Numerous factors, risks and uncertainties affect our operating results and could cause our actual results to differ materially from forecasts and estimates or from any other forward-looking statements made by us or on our behalf and there can be no assurance that future results will meet expectations, estimates or projections. Further information regarding these and other risks is included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q under the section below entitled “Factors that Could Affect Future Results,” elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on form 10-Q and in our other filings with the SEC.
Overview
We are a leading provider of mobile resource management (“MRM”) solutions, a category of business productivity solutions designed to enable the effective management of mobile resources. Our MRM solutions allow customers to improve productivity by enabling the effective management of the activities of their mobile workers, assets, goods and services. Currently, we market and sell our solutions to a range of customers in North America and Europe. We offer Field Force Management (“FFM”) solutions, including our GeoManagerSM, PathwaySM and PorticoSM solutions, designed to help companies better manage their mobile workers; Field
22
Service Management (“FSM”) solutions, such as our TaskforceTM software, designed to help companies better manage their mobile workers’ work; and Field Asset Management (“FAM”) solutions, such as Vehicle Diagnostics and StatusSensors, designed to help companies better manage their mobile workers’ assets in the field. At June 30, 2006, approximately 183,000 mobile resources were enabled with our solutions, on either a subscription or a per seat license basis.
We report the results of our operations in two segments: Hosted and Licensed. The segments are managed separately because each offers different products and serves different segments of the market. The Hosted segment provides the FFM and FAM solutions that connect mobile workers in the field to corporate data on demand, help measure overall mobile workforce performance and manage mobile assets. The Licensed segment provides customers with our FSM solution, which is designed to enable a predictable and reliable customer experience from commitment to service fulfillment; and to help synchronize the call center and field service operation.
Subsequent to December 31, 2005, we determined that our condensed consolidated financial statements contained errors resulting from the improper accounting for the common and redeemable preferred stock issued in connection with the Vidus acquisition. Accordingly, the unaudited quarterly financial data for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 presented herein has been restated. The impact on our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 was an increase in net loss of $3.3 million and $4.1 million, respectively.
The accompanying Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations gives effect to this restatement as described in “Note 1 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Restatement of Financial Statements” to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
Critical Accounting Policies, Judgments and Estimates
General
The accompanying discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based on our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. We believe there are several accounting policies that are critical to understanding our condensed consolidated financial statements as these policies affect the reported amounts of revenue and expenses and involve management’s judgment regarding significant estimates. We have based our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Our senior management has reviewed our critical accounting policies and their application in the preparation of our financial statements and related disclosures and discussed the development, selection and disclosure of significant estimates with the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors. To the extent that actual results differ from those estimates, our future results of operations may be affected.
Revenue Recognition
We follow specific and detailed guidelines in recognizing revenue in accordance with the provisions of AICPA Statement of Position 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, as amended by Statement of Position 98-4, Deferral of the Effective Date of a Provision of SOP 97-2 and Statement of Position 98-9, Modification of SOP 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, With Respect to Certain Transactions, as well as Accounting Research Bulletin No. 45, Long-Term Construction-Type Contracts and Statement of Position 81-1, Accounting for Performance of Construction-Type and Certain Production-Type Contracts. We recognize revenue when the price is fixed and determinable, persuasive evidence of an agreement exists, our obligations under any such agreement are fulfilled and collectibility is probable.
Our revenues are comprised of hosted revenue and licensed revenue. Hosted revenue is derived from monthly fees for our FFM and FAM solutions and monthly or upfront fees for in-vehicle hardware devices enabling a mobile resource to utilize these FFM or FAM solutions. Licensed revenue is comprised of license fees, installation, training and related post-contract customer support (“PCS”) service fees relating to our FSM solution.
Monthly fees for our hosted solutions are recognized ratably over the contract period, which commences (a) upon installation of our proprietary hardware devices in our customer’s mobile worker vehicles or (b) upon the creation of subscription licenses and a customer account on our website where customers have elected to use our solution with a mobile telephone. Upfront fees for our hosted solution primarily consist of amounts for the in-vehicle enabling hardware device and peripherals, if any. We defer upfront fees at installation and recognize them ratably over the minimum service contract period, generally one to five years. Product costs are also deferred and amortized over such period. Renewal rates for our hosted solutions are not considered priced at a bargain in comparison to the upfront fees (as described in Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104, Revenue Recognition). If we cannot objectively determine the fair value of any undelivered element included in hosted arrangements, we defer revenue until all elements are delivered, all services have been performed or fair value can objectively be determined.
23
Licensed revenue associated with the fees for the license of our Taskforce product and related customization and installation services is generally recognized using the percentage-of-completion method of accounting over the period that services are performed. For agreements accounted for under the percentage-of-completion method, we determine progress to completion based on actual direct labor hours incurred to date as a percentage of the estimated total direct labor hours required to complete the project. We periodically evaluate the actual status of each project to ensure that the estimates to complete each contract remain accurate. A provision for estimated losses on contracts is made in the period in which the loss becomes probable and can be reasonably estimated. To date, we have not incurred any such losses.
If the amount of licensed revenue recognized under the percentage of completion method exceeds the amount billed to customers, the excess amount is recorded as unbilled accounts receivable. If the amount billed exceeds the amount of revenue recognized, the excess amount is recorded as customer deposits.
Revenue recognized in any period is dependent on our progress toward completion of projects in progress. For projects that were in progress and not complete as of June 30, 2006 and 2005, the following table illustrates the total direct labor hours incurred as a percentage of estimated total direct labor hours required to complete these projects.
| | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | |
Total direct labor hours incurred to date as a % of estimated total direct labor hours required to complete projects | | 80 | % | — | % |
Significant management judgment and discretion are used to estimate total direct labor hours. Any changes in or deviations from these estimates could have a material effect on the amount of revenue we recognize in any period. Based on our results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006, a ten percent deviation from our estimated total direct labor hours required to complete projects uncompleted at June 30, 2006 would have resulted in an insignificant increase or decrease in net loss attributable to common stockholders.
We derive PCS fees from PCS agreements, which are generally initially purchased at the same time as a license for our Taskforce product. PCS can include telephone and email support and the right to receive unspecified upgrades on a when-and-if-available basis. PCS agreements may generally be renewed on an annual basis. We recognize revenue for PCS based on vendor specific objective evidence (“VSOE”) of fair value ratably over the term of the PCS period. We generally determine VSOE of PCS based on the stated fees for PCS renewal set forth in the original license agreement. If we are unable to establish VSOE of fair value, we recognize the entire arrangement fee ratably over the term of the PCS, when the only remaining undelivered element is PCS.
For arrangements with multiple elements, such as licenses, customization services and PCS services, we allocate revenue to each element based upon its fair value as determined by VSOE. VSOE for each element is based on normal pricing and discounting practices when the element is sold separately. VSOE for PCS services is measured by the stated renewal rate. If we cannot objectively determine the fair value of any undelivered element included in license arrangements, we defer revenue until the earliest to occur of the following: (a) all elements are delivered, (b) all services have been performed or only PCS services remain to be delivered, or (c) fair value can objectively be determined. When the fair value of a delivered element has not been established, we use the residual method to record license revenue if the fair value of all undelivered elements is determinable. Under the residual method, the fair value of the undelivered elements is deferred and the remaining portion of the fee is allocated to the delivered elements and is recognized as revenue assuming all other criteria have been met.
Pursuant to Emerging Issues Taskforce Issue 06-3, How Taxes Collected from Customers and Remitted to Governmental Authorities Should Be Presented in the Income Statement (“EITF 06-3”), we elected to present taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities net in its financial statements consistent with our historical presentation of this information.
Stock-based Compensation
We adopted the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 123 (revised), Share-Based Payment (“SFAS 123R”), on January 1, 2006. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2006, we recorded stock-based compensation expense of $1.2 million and $2.1 million, respectively, in accordance with SFAS 123R. The current period stock-based compensation recognized is based on the amortization of the fair value of stock options as determined on their date of grant using a Black-Scholes option valuation model. The estimate of fair value under the Black-Scholes option valuation model is based upon certain assumptions including stock price volatility, risk-free interest rate, dividend yield, expected life in years and forfeiture rate.
24
Expected volatility for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 of 68.6% and 69.1%, respectively, is determined using a 50% weighting for both historical volatility of our common stock over a period of 4.5 to 4.75 years following our initial public offering and implied volatility based on our traded stock options. If our stock price volatility were to change by 10%, the weighted average estimated fair value of stock options granted during the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 would change by 7% and 6%, respectively.
The expected life for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 of 4.9 years and 5.0 years, respectively, is calculated for the period from our initial public offering using the interval between the grant date and the exercise date weighted by the number of shares exercised. The expected life is adjusted for the anticipated behavior in relation to unexercised options. If the expected life were to change by 10%, the weighted average estimated fair value of stock options granted during the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 would change by 4% and 4%, respectively.
We are required to estimate the expected forfeiture rate and only recognize expense for those shares expected to vest. The forfeiture rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 is 22%, calculated based on a weighted average historical forfeiture rate. If the actual forfeiture rate is higher than the original estimate, we will record a recovery of prior expense. If the actual forfeiture rate is lower than the original estimate, we will record additional expense.
The Company has elected to follow the tax law method of determining realization of excess tax benefits in accordance with SFAS 123(R).
These assumptions represent management’s best estimates, but these estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management judgment. As a result, if other assumptions had been used, our recorded and pro forma stock-based compensation expense could have been materially different from that depicted above.
Valuation of Intangible Assets and Goodwill
In accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations (“SFAS 141”), the purchase price of an acquired company is allocated between intangible assets and the net tangible assets of the acquired business with the residual of the purchase price recorded as goodwill. The determination of the value of the intangible assets acquired and their expected lives involves certain judgments and estimates. These judgments can include, but are not limited to, the cash flows that an asset is expected to generate in the future and the appropriate weighted average cost of capital.
At June 30, 2006, our goodwill totaled $13.3 million and our identifiable intangible assets totaled $25.3 million. In accordance with the provisions of SFAS 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, we assess the impairment of goodwill and indefinite lived identifiable intangible assets of our reporting units at least annually, or more often if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. This assessment is based upon a discounted cash flow analysis and analysis of our market capitalization. The estimate of cash flow is based upon, among other things, certain assumptions about expected future operating performance and an appropriate discount rate determined by our management. Our estimates of discounted cash flows may differ from actual cash flows due to, among other things, economic conditions, changes to the business model or changes in operating performance.
Significant differences between these estimates and actual cash flows could materially affect our future financial results. We conducted our initial annual impairment test as of August 31, 2005 and determined there was no impairment. During the fourth quarter of 2005, we determined that the acquired Vidus trade name was impaired and as a result, reduced the carrying value of the trade name to zero. There were no events or circumstances during the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 indicating that a further assessment was necessary.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Historically, we have had a significant number of small- to medium-sized companies utilizing our solutions. These customers are involved in diverse businesses. Our payment arrangements with customers generally provide 30 to 45 day payment terms. When customers contract with us, we assess their creditworthiness.
The nature of our relationship with customers is inherently long-term and we have extended and may extend payment terms on an exception basis. We regularly review our customers’ ability to satisfy their payment obligations and provide an allowance for doubtful accounts for specific receivables that we believe are not collectible. When these conditions arise, we suspend recognition of revenue until collection becomes probable or cash is collected. Beyond these specific customer accounts, we record an allowance based on the
25
size and age of all receivable balances against which we have not established a specific allowance, current economic trends and historical experience with collections. The following table illustrates the allowance for doubtful accounts as a percentage of gross accounts receivable as of June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005:
| | June 30, | | December 31, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | |
Gross accounts receivable | | $ | 13,107 | | $ | 12,851 | |
Allowance for doubtful accounts | | $ | 571 | | $ | 376 | |
Allowance for doubtful accounts as a% of gross accounts receivable | | 4.4 | % | 2.9 | % |
Historically, our actual losses and credits have been consistent with these provisions. We believe that we can make reliable estimates for doubtful accounts; however, the size and diversity of our customer base, as well as overall economic conditions, may affect our ability to accurately estimate bad debt expense. Based on our results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006, a ten basis point deviation in the allowance for doubtful accounts as a percentage of gross accounts receivable would have resulted in an insignificant increase or decrease in net loss attributable to common stockholders.
Deferred Tax Assets
We have substantial deferred tax assets that relate to prior periods’ losses, primarily in the United States and the United Kingdom. We evaluate these deferred tax assets in each tax jurisdiction by estimating the likelihood of generating future profits to realize these assets. In both jurisdictions, we have concluded that it is more likely than not that we will generate sufficient future taxable income to realize these deferred tax assets. A valuation allowance has been established for deferred tax assets which we do not believe meet the more likely than not criteria established by Statement of Financial Account Standards No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes. This evaluation of whether it is more likely than not that such deferred tax assets will be realized must be continuously evaluated due to changes in market conditions, changes in tax laws, tax planning strategies or other factors. To the extent we establish a valuation allowance or change the allowance in a period, we reflect the change with a corresponding increase or decrease in our tax provision in our condensed consolidated statement of operations. At June 30, 2006, we maintained an allowance on certain state net operating losses and state tax credits based on our assessment that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax asset related to these items will not be realized. The deferred tax asset, net of a valuation allowance of $344,000, totaled $48.1 million as of June 30, 2006 and was partially offset by deferred tax liabilities of $6.2 million.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The three and six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005.
Hosted revenue, cost of hosted revenue, hosted gross margin
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2006 | | 2005 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Hosted revenue | | $ | 19,642 | | $ | 19,685 | | $ | 40,605 | | $ | 39,175 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Cost of hosted revenue | | 11,345 | | 9,227 | | 22,347 | | 18,751 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Hosted gross margin | | $ | 8,297 | | $ | 10,458 | | $ | 18,258 | | $ | 20,424 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Hosted gross margin percentage | | 42 | % | 53 | % | 45 | % | 52 | % |
Hosted revenue
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | Percent Change | | 2005 | | 2006 | | Percent Change | | 2005 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Hosted revenue | | $ | 19,642 | | 0 | % | $ | 19,685 | | $ | 40,605 | | 4 | % | $ | 39,175 | |
As a percentage of total revenues | | 85 | % | | | 95 | % | 85 | % | | | 96 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
26
Hosted revenue is comprised of monthly fees for our FFM and FAM solutions, and monthly or upfront fees for in-vehicle hardware devices enabling a mobile resource to utilize these FFM and FAM solutions. Our hosted revenue is affected by a number of factors, including subscriber growth, the rate at which service features or add-ons are adopted, the pricing associated with the size and term of subscriber contracts and purchases of our in-vehicle hardware devices. Given the generally fixed nature of our arrangements with our subscribers and ratable revenue recognition, the impact on revenues of changes in current prices for hosted solutions is tempered. This is because revenues from new pricing are layered on top of revenues from existing subscribers.
As new subscribers purchase our in-vehicle hardware devices or as existing subscribers choose to purchase new in-vehicle hardware devices, the amount of deferred revenue recognized ratably over the expected life of the subscriber increases. This effect is tempered by subscribers purchasing solutions that are deployed through the use of a mobile telephone installed with our software application because we do not sell those devices and, therefore, do not recognize any revenues from sales of mobile telephones. A similar tempering effect may occur when a subscriber exceeds its initial contract period because recognition of deferred revenue is complete.
We describe arrangements in which customers contract directly with wireless carriers for the wireless airtime component of our solutions as “unbundled.” Conversely, we describe arrangements in which we contract directly with customers for the wireless airtime portion as “bundled.” The nature of our relationship with the wireless carriers dictates whether we will be entering into a bundled or unbundled arrangement with a customer. Selection of the appropriate protocol is related primarily to optimal wireless coverage for a specific subscriber area of operation. We have observed an increase in the proportion of new subscribers being added on an unbundled basis, resulting in decreased revenue from such subscribers. Unbundled subscribers represented approximately 62% and 55% of our total subscribers at June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively. We expect that this trend will continue through the next 12 to 18 months.
For the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2005, hosted revenue remained flat as the increase in the number of subscribers using our solutions was offset by a decrease in revenue per subscriber. For the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2005, hosted revenue increased primarily as a result of an increase in the number of subscribers using our solutions, partially offset by a decrease in revenue per subscriber. The total number of subscribers using our solutions was approximately 151,000 and 140,000 at June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively. As of June 30, 2006 and 2005, 82% and 73% of our subscribers were under long term contracts, respectively. Average monthly hosted revenue per subscription was approximately $44.25 for the three months ended June 30, 2006, down from $48.15 for the same period in 2005. The decrease of $3.90 is primarily the result of new subscribers being added utilizing an unbundled arrangement. Average monthly hosted revenue per subscription was approximately $45.92 for the six months ended June 30, 2006, down from $48.41 for the same period in 2005. The decrease of $2.49 is primarily the result of new subscribers being added utilizing an unbundled arrangement.
Cost of hosted revenue
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | Percent Change | | 2005 | | 2006 | | Percent Change | | 2005 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cost of hosted revenue | | $ | 11,345 | | 23 | % | $ | 9,227 | | $ | 22,347 | | 19 | % | $ | 18,751 | |
As a percentage of hosted revenues | | 58 | % | | | 47 | % | 55 | % | | | 48 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cost of hosted revenue consists of the amortization of the deferred cost of the in-vehicle enabling hardware devices; costs associated with the final assembly, testing, provision, delivery and installation of hardware and other costs such as provisions for inventory and repair costs; and expenses related to the delivery and support of our solutions. For the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2005, cost of hosted revenue increased primarily as a result of increases in amortization of deferred product costs of $844,000, warranty and repair charges of $382,000, employee-related expenses of $370,000, airtime usage of $212,000, employee stock based compensation expense as a result of the adoption of SFAS 123R of $137,000, IT support costs of $120,000 and equipment depreciation of $119,000.
For the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2005, cost of hosted revenue increased primarily as a result of increases in amortization of deferred product costs of $1.4 million, warranty and repair charges of $1.2 million, employee-related expenses of $962,000, employee stock based compensation expense as a result of the adoption of SFAS 123R of $222,000 and equipment depreciation of $219,000, partially offset by a decrease in airtime usage of $386,000.
Cost of hosted revenue headcount increased to 216 at June 30, 2006 from 209 at June 30, 2005. We expect cost of hosted revenue to increase during the next 12 months, primarily resulting from headcount increases.
27
Hosted gross margin
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | Percent Change | | 2005 | | 2006 | | Percent Change | | 2005 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Hosted gross margin | | $ | 8,297 | | (21 | )% | $ | 10,458 | | $ | 18,258 | | (11 | )% | $ | 20,424 | |
As a percentage of hosted revenues | | 42 | % | | | 53 | % | 45 | % | | | 52 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the comparable periods for 2005, hosted gross margins decreased due to the loss of Verizon as a customer, a fixed cost base and higher warranty and repair costs on our continuing customers.
Direct expenses generally increase at a rate proportional to the growth in our subscribers. Personnel costs and depreciation expense generally increase at a rate slower than the growth rate of our subscribers. As a result, we expect that our hosted gross margin will increase during the next 12 months.
Licensed revenue, cost of licensed revenue and licensed gross margin
Licensed gross margin is calculated as follows:
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2006 | | 2005 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Licensed revenue | | $ | 3,559 | | $ | 941 | | $ | 7,341 | | $ | 1,443 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Cost of licensed revenue (excluding intangibles amortization included below) | | 1,127 | | 1,473 | | 2,357 | | 2,173 | |
Intangibles amortization | | 1,010 | | 1,010 | | 2,020 | | 1,467 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total cost of licensed revenue | | 2,137 | | 2,483 | | 4,377 | | 3,640 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Licensed gross margin | | $ | 1,422 | | $ | (1,542 | ) | $ | 2,964 | | $ | (2,197 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Licensed gross margin percentage | | 40 | % | (164 | )% | 40 | % | (152 | )% |
Licensed revenue
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | Percent Change | | 2005 | | 2006 | | Percent Change | | 2005 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Licensed revenue | | $ | 3,559 | | 278 | % | $ | 941 | | $ | 7,341 | | 409 | % | $ | 1,443 | |
As a percentage of total revenues | | 15 | % | | | 5 | % | 15 | % | | | 4 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Licensed revenue is comprised of license fees, installation, training and PCS service fees relating to our FSM solution, acquired in connection with our acquisition of Vidus in February 2005. The increase in licensed revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2005 is due to an increase in consulting services for existing customers. The increase in licensed revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2005 is due to the fact that the 2005 licensed revenue only includes licensed revenue from the February 18, 2005 acquisition date through June 30, 2005 as well as an increase in consulting services for existing customers. In addition, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, there were unresolved contract commitments, which resulted in $2.2 million of revenue being recorded for the three months ended September 30, 2005, upon the successful resolution of these contract commitments thus allowing for recognition over the PCS term through 2008. The number of licensed users of our FSM solution totaled approximately 32,000 and 26,000 at June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
28
Cost of licensed revenue (excluding intangibles amortization)
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | Percent Change | | 2005 | | 2006 | | Percent Change | | 2005 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cost of licensed revenue (excluding intangibles amortization) | | $ | 1,127 | | (23 | )% | $ | 1,473 | | $ | 2,357 | | 8 | % | $ | 2,173 | |
As a percentage of licensed revenues | | 32 | % | | | 157 | % | 32 | % | | | 151 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cost of licensed revenue (excluding intangibles amortization) consists of employee related expenses in relation to installation services and the support of our ongoing PCS commitments. The decrease in cost of licensed revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2005 is due to decreases in employee-related expenses of $293,000 and travel expenses of $136,000.
The increase in cost of licensed revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2005 is due to the fact that the 2005 cost of licensed revenue only includes the cost of licensed revenue from the February 18, 2005 acquisition date through June 30, 2005 as well as an increase in employee related expenses of $124,000 partially offset by a decrease in travel expenses of $110,000.
Cost of licensed revenue headcount decreased to 30 at June 30, 2006 from 39 at June 30, 2005. We expect the cost of licensed revenue to increase over the next twelve months as headcount increases and we continue to invest in fixed assets and infrastructure to support this segment.
Licensed gross margin
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | Percent Change | | 2005 | | 2006 | | Percent Change | �� | 2005 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Licensed gross margin | | $ | 1,422 | | 192 | % | $ | (1,542 | ) | $ | 2,964 | | 235 | % | $ | (2,197 | ) |
As a percentage of licensed revenues | | 40 | % | | | (164 | )% | 40 | % | | | (152 | )% |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Licensed gross margin increased to 40% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006. The increase in licensed gross margin is primarily the result of an increase in revenues and a fixed cost base. Direct expenses generally increase at a rate proportional to the growth in our end users. Personnel costs and depreciation expenses generally increase at a rate slower than the growth rate of our end users. We expect our licensed gross margin to increase during the next twelve months.
Intangibles amortization
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | Percent Change | | 2005 | | 2006 | | Percent Change | | 2005 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Intangibles amortization | | $ | 1,010 | | 0 | % | $ | 1,010 | | $ | 2,020 | | 38 | % | $ | 1,467 | |
As a percentage of total revenues | | 4 | % | | | 5 | % | 4 | % | | | 4 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, intangibles amortization related to the intangible assets acquired in connection with the purchase of Vidus in February 2005. These costs are being amortized over their estimated useful lives of three to ten years.
Amortization of intangible assets is expected to be $4.0 million in 2006 and 2007, after which it is expected to decrease as the intangible assets become fully amortized.
In-process research and development
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | Percent Change | | 2005 | | 2006 | | Percent Change | | 2005 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
In-process research and development | | $ | — | | — | % | $ | — | | $ | — | | (100 | )% | $ | 5,640 | |
As a percentage of total revenues | | 0 | % | | | 0 | % | 0 | % | | | 14 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
29
For the six months ended June 30, 2005, in-process research and development consisted of research projects undertaken by Vidus prior to its acquisition by us that had not reached technological feasibility and had no alternative future use at the time of the acquisition of Vidus. In order to achieve technological feasibility, we estimated the time required to complete the projects to cost approximately $5.7 million. We estimated the fair value assigned to in-process research and development using the income approach, which discounts to present value the cash flows expected to be attributable to the technology once it reaches technological feasibility using a discount rate of 40%. The stages of completion were determined by estimating the costs and time incurred to date relative to the costs and time expected to be incurred to develop the in-process technology into a commercially viable technology or product, while considering the relative difficulty of completing the various tasks and overcoming the obstacles necessary to attain technological feasibility. The weighted average stage of completion for all projects, in the aggregate, was approximately 80% as of the acquisition date. Cash flows from sales of products incorporating those technologies commenced in 2005. In 2005, expenditures to complete the acquired in-process research and development approximated the original estimates.
Sales and marketing
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | Percent Change | | 2005 | | 2006 | | Percent Change | | 2005 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Sales and marketing | | $ | 5,506 | | (6 | )% | $ | 5,832 | | $ | 11,424 | | 9 | % | $ | 10,479 | |
As a percentage of total revenues | | 24 | % | | | 28 | % | 24 | % | | | 26 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Sales and marketing expenses consist of employee salaries, sales commissions, marketing and promotional expenses. For the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2005, sales and marketing expenses decreased primarily as a result of decreases in consulting expenses of $287,000, marketing expenses of $172,000, employee-related expenses of $143,000, and travel expenses of $129,000 partially offset by an increase in employee stock based compensation expense as a result of the adoption of SFAS 123R of $312,000.
For the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2005, sales and marketing expenses increased primarily as a result of increases in employee-related expenses of $788,000, employee stock based compensation expense as a result of the adoption of SFAS 123R of $569,000 partially offset by decreases in consulting expense of $364,000 and marketing expense of $193,000.
Sales and marketing headcount decreased to 127 at June 30, 2006 from 137 at June 30, 2005. We anticipate that sales and marketing expenses will increase in future periods as we expand our sales and marketing efforts including, but not limited to, promotional expenses related to new solutions.
Research and development
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | Percent Change | | 2005 | | 2006 | | Percent Change | | 2005 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Research and development | | $ | 4,210 | | 9 | % | $ | 3,849 | | $ | 7,879 | | 23 | % | $ | 6,424 | |
As a percentage of total revenues | | 18 | % | | | 19 | % | 16 | % | | | 16 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Research and development expenses consist of employee salaries and expenses related to development personnel and consultants, as well as expenses associated with software and hardware development. For the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2005, research and development expenses increased primarily as a result of an increase in employee stock based compensation expense as a result of the adoption of SFAS 123R of $264,000.
For the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2005, research and development expenses increased primarily as a result of increases in employee-related expenses of $781,000 and an increase in employee stock based compensation expense as a result of the adoption of SFAS 123R of $437,000.
30
Research and development headcount decreased to 153 at June 30, 2006 from 159 at June 30, 2005. We anticipate that research and development expenses will increase in future periods as we develop and introduce new solutions and as a result of increases in employee-related expenses associated with those introductions.
General and administrative
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | Percent Change | | 2005 | | 2006 | | Percent Change | | 2005 | |
General and administrative | | $ | 5,028 | | 28 | % | $ | 3,942 | | $ | 9,970 | | 19 | % | $ | 8,389 | |
As a percentage of total revenues | | 22 | % | | | 19 | % | 21 | % | | | 21 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
General and administrative expenses consist of employee salaries and related expenses for executive and administrative costs, accounting and professional fees, recruiting costs and allowance for doubtful accounts. For the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2005, general and administrative expenses increased primarily as a result of increases in bad debt expense of $455,000, employee stock based compensation expense as a result of the adoption of SFAS 123R of $435,000 accounting and professional fees of $214,000 and legal expenses of $147,000 partially offset by a decrease in employee-related expenses of $285,000.
For the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2005, general and administrative expenses increased primarily as a result of increases in employee stock based compensation expense as a result of the adoption of SFAS 123R of $823,000, bad debt expense of $490,000 and accounting and professional fees of $285,000 partially offset by a decrease in employee-related expenses of $208,000.
General and administrative headcount decreased to 86 at June 30, 2006 from 90 at June 30, 2005. We expect that general and administrative expenses will remain relatively flat in future periods.
The allowance for doubtful accounts was $571,000 and $780,000 as of June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively. We anticipate that the allowance for doubtful accounts will remain relatively stable in future periods.
Stock-based compensation
On January 1, 2006, we adopted SFAS 123R on a modified prospective basis, which requires the application of the accounting standard to all share-based awards issued on or after January 1, 2006 and any outstanding share-based awards that were issued in prior years but not vested as of January 1, 2006, as adjusted for estimated forfeitures. The following table indicates the impact of SFAS 123R on our statement of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006.
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | Percent Change | | 2005 | | 2006 | | Percent Change | | 2005 | |
Stock-based compensation: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cost of hosted revenues | | $ | 137 | | 100 | % | $ | — | | $ | 222 | | 100 | % | $ | — | |
Cost of licensed revenues | | 46 | | 100 | % | — | | 73 | | 100 | % | — | |
Sales and marketing | | 313 | | 100 | % | — | | 569 | | 100 | % | — | |
Research and development | | 264 | | 100 | % | — | | 437 | | 100 | % | — | |
General and administrative | | 435 | | 100 | % | — | | 823 | | 100 | % | — | |
Total stock-based compensation | | $ | 1,195 | | | | $ | — | | $ | 2,124 | | | | $ | — | |
As a percentage of total revenues | | 5 | % | | | 0 | % | 4 | % | | | 0 | % |
Stock-based compensation expense includes the amortization of the fair value of share-based payments made to employees and the Board of Directors, primarily in the form of stock options and purchases under the employee stock purchase plan as we adopted the provisions of SFAS 123R effective January 1, 2006. The fair value of the award is computed using the Black-Scholes model and is recognized as expense over the employee’s requisite service period (generally over the vesting period of the award). Prior to the adoption of SFAS 123R, we previously applied Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees (“APB 25”), and provided the required pro forma disclosures of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, Share-Based Payment (“SFAS 123”).
31
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2006, we recorded stock-based compensation related to stock options of $905,000 and $1.7 million, respectively, and related to the employee stock purchase plan of $290,000 and $420,000, respectively. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2006, there were 314,000 shares purchased under the employee stock purchase plan.
On October 27, 2005, we accelerated the vesting of 811,110 stock options with exercise prices ranging from $6.40 to $14.58, being priced above the closing stock price on such date. We recorded pro forma compensation expense related to this acceleration of $5.0 million for the three months ended December 31, 2005. The accelerated vesting of these stock options is expected to reduce the compensation expense associated with these options in future periods resulting from the adoption of SFAS 123R.
As of June 30, 2006, the unrecorded deferred stock-based compensation balance related to stock options was $5.0 million and will be recognized over an estimated weighted average amortization period of 2.4 years. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2006, stock-based compensation of $1,000 and $2,000, respectively, was capitalized as inventory. For the three months ending September 30, 2006, we expect our stock compensation expense to increase when compared with our results for the three months ended June 30, 2006 and March 31, 2006 due to the grant of new options.
Other income (expense), net
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | Percent Change | | 2005 | | 2006 | | Percent Change | | 2005 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest income | | $ | 1,077 | | 48 | % | $ | 729 | | $ | 2,113 | | 57 | % | $ | 1,347 | |
Change in derivative instrument liability | | 135 | | 104 | % | (3,332 | ) | (1,016 | ) | 75 | % | (4,073 | ) |
Other (expense) income, net | | (5 | ) | 97 | % | (154 | ) | (22 | ) | 86 | % | (152 | ) |
Total other income (expense), net | | $ | 1,207 | | 144 | % | $ | (2,757 | ) | $ | 1,075 | | 137 | % | $ | (2,878 | ) |
As a percentage of total revenues | | 5 | % | | | (13 | )% | 2 | % | | | (7 | )% |
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2006, total other income (expense), net increased due to a decrease in derivative instrument liability and further increased due to larger invested balances and higher rates of return, when compared to the same periods in 2005. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2006, we recorded a benefit of $135,000 and an expense of $1.1 million, respectively, in relation to the change in the fair value of the derivative instrument embedded in the redeemable preferred stock issued as part of the Vidus acquisition compared to an expense of $3.3 million and $4.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, respectively. Other (expense) income, net consisted primarily of immaterial net foreign currency exchange losses and gains resulting from transactions with our wholly-owned subsidiaries in India and in the United Kingdom. We conduct operations primarily within the United States where inflation during the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005 has been low and has not materially impacted our operating results. Foreign currency exchange gains were expensed as incurred.
Benefit from income taxes
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | Percent Change | | 2005 | | 2006 | | Percent Change | | 2005 | |
Benefit from income taxes | | $ | 322 | | (90 | )% | $ | 3,195 | | $ | 734 | | (77 | )% | $ | 3,195 | |
As a percentage of total revenues | | 1 | % | | | 15 | % | 2 | % | | | 8 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The benefit from income taxes for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 was calculated using an annual projected effective yearly tax rate of approximately 11%. For the six months ended June 30, 2006, we recorded a benefit from income taxes principally due to current period losses in the United Kingdom. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, we recorded a benefit for income taxes principally due to current and prior period losses in the United Kingdom.
We currently believe that our fiscal 2006 effective tax rate will be a benefit of approximately 11%. This effective tax rate differs from the statutory rate of 35% principally due to the projected effects of non-deductible stock compensation of 12%, non-deductible changes in the value of the derivative embedded in the preferred stock issued in connection with the Vidus acquisition of 7%, and the tax rate differential on foreign losses of 6%. It is based on the projected mix of full-year income in each tax jurisdiction in which we operate and the related income tax expense in each jurisdiction. Actual results could vary from those projected. The tax expenses or benefits for significant unusual items or tax exposure items are treated as discrete items in the interim period in which the events occur.
32
Preferred stock dividends
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | Percent Change | | 2005 | | 2006 | | Percent Change | | 2005 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Preferred stock dividends | | $ | 126 | | 2 | % | $ | 124 | | $ | 250 | | 38 | % | $ | 181 | |
As a percentage of total revenues | | 1 | % | | | 1 | % | 1 | % | | | 0 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Preferred stock dividends consist of dividends on redeemable preferred stock issued by us in connection with the acquisition of Vidus. The holders of our preferred stock are entitled to receive dividends at the rate of $6.50 per share annually. The dividends accrue day to day, whether or not earned or declared, from the date of the acquisition. The dividends are payable when and if declared by the Board of Directors or upon redemption of the preferred stock. Any accumulation of unpaid dividends on the preferred stock does not bear interest.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
| | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2006 | | Percent Change | | 2005 | |
Net loss | | $ | (6,242 | ) | 57 | % | $ | (12,388 | ) |
Non-cash charges | | 6,434 | | (29 | )% | 9,273 | |
Change in working capital assets and liabilities | | (12,031 | ) | (1,471 | )% | (766 | ) |
Net cash used in operating activities | | (11,839 | ) | (205 | )% | (3,881 | ) |
Net cash provided by investing activities | | (5,507 | ) | (117 | )% | 33,129 | |
Net cash provided by financing activities | | 1,703 | | 50 | % | 1,132 | |
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents | | $ | (15,643 | ) | 151 | % | $ | 30,380 | |
As of June 30, 2006, we had $10.1 million of cash and cash equivalents and $81.1 million of short-term investments. Working capital was $100.9 million.
For the six months ended June 30, 2006, net cash used in operating activities increased $8.0 million to $11.8 million compared to the same period in 2005 primarily due to $6.9 million used to reduce accounts payable and $2.3 million used in relation to increases in accounts receivable offset by reduced losses net of non-cash charges of $2.8 million. The results in 2006 are primarily due to the negative impact of year-over-year changes in working capital assets and liabilities offset by non-cash charges for depreciation and amortization, stock based compensation and a change in derivative instrument liability, partially offset by deferred taxes. The results for the same period in 2005 are primarily due to non-cash charges for in-process research and development, depreciation and amortization, a change in derivative instrument liability and the provision for doubtful accounts and sales returns.
For the six months ended June 30, 2006, the net cash provided by investing activities was comprised of $38.2 million in proceeds from the sale of short-term investments, partially offset by $34.8 million used to purchase short-term investments and $2.1 million used to purchase property and equipment. For the six months ended June 30, 2005, the net cash provided by investing activities was comprised of $94.2 million in proceeds from the sale of short-term investments, partially offset by $54.2 million used to purchase short-term investments, $5.2 million used for the acquisition of Vidus, net of cash acquired and $1.7 million used to purchase property and equipment. Purchases of property and equipment related mainly to purchases of computer equipment and software to support our growth in operations, infrastructure and headcount. We currently do not have any material commitments for capital expenditures, although we anticipate increases in capital expenditures and lease commitments with our expected growth in operations and infrastructure over the next twelve months. We also may establish additional operations as we expand globally.
The net cash flows provided by financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005 were $1.7 million and $1.1 million, respectively, resulting from proceeds from the exercise of stock options, the excess tax benefit on the exercise of employee stock options and purchases of common stock under our employee stock purchase plan.
33
We believe that existing cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments, together with any cash generated from operations, will be sufficient to fund our operating activities, capital expenditures and other obligations for at least the next twelve months.
Commitments and Contingencies
We have certain fixed contractual obligations and commitments that include future estimated payments. Changes in our business needs, cancellation provisions, changing interest rates, and other factors may result in actual payments differing from the estimates. We cannot provide certainty regarding the timing and amounts of all payments. We have presented below, a summary of the most significant assumptions used in our determination of amounts presented in the tables in order to assist in the review of this information within the context of our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows. The following table summarizes our fixed contractual obligations as of June 30, 2006 (in thousands):
| | Total | | Less than 1 Year | | 1-3 Years | | 3-5 Years | | More than 5 Years | |
Operating lease obligations(1) | | $ | 8,207 | | $ | 2,029 | | $ | 5,259 | | $ | 919 | | $ | — | |
Capital lease obligations(2) | | 70 | | 63 | | 7 | | — | | — | |
Other purchase obligations(3) | | 4,717 | | 4,717 | | — | | — | | — | |
Inventory purchase obligations(4) | | 8,977 | | 8,977 | | — | | — | | — | |
| | $ | 21,971 | | $ | 15,786 | | $ | 5,266 | | $ | 919 | | $ | — | |
(1) Operating lease commitments include minimum rental payments under our non-cancelable operating leases for office facilities, as well as limited office equipment that we utilize under lease arrangements. The amounts presented are consistent with contractual terms and are not expected to differ significantly unless a substantial change in our headcount needs requires us to exit an office facility early or expand our occupied space.
(2) Capital lease obligations are included in the balance sheet under property, plant and equipment, net and primarily include minimum rental payments under our non-cancelable leases for office equipment and furniture.
(3) Other purchase obligation amounts include minimum purchase commitments for marketing, computer equipment, software applications, engineering development services and other goods and services that were entered into in the ordinary course of business. Purchase obligations include agreements that are cancelable without penalty. Certain of these contractual arrangements contain significant performance requirements. Given the significance of the performance requirements, actual payments could differ significantly from these estimates.
(4) Inventory purchase commitments include minimum payments under non-cancelable commitments for goods that were entered into in the ordinary course of business.
Excluded from the table above is the fair value of a derivative instrument for which the ultimate settlement amount is not yet known and that is payable only upon redemption of the outstanding redeemable preferred stock to which it relates. See “Item 3—Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” for further discussion.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of June 30, 2006, we had no off-balance sheet arrangements that have had, or are reasonably likely to have, a current or future material effect on our consolidated financial condition, results of operations, liquidity or capital resources.
Impact of Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In November 2005, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) Nos. SFAS 115-1 and SFAS 124-1, The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments. This FSP addresses the determination as to when an investment is considered impaired, whether that impairment is other than temporary and the measurement of an impairment loss. This FSP also includes accounting considerations subsequent to the recognition of other-than-temporary impairments. The adoption of the FSP did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated statement of operations and financial condition.
34
In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment (“SFAS 123R”), that addresses the accounting for stock-based payment transactions in which an enterprise receives employee services in exchange for either equity instruments of the enterprise or liabilities that are based on the fair value of the enterprise’s equity instruments or that may be settled by the issuance of such equity instruments. The statement eliminates the ability to account for stock-based compensation transactions using the intrinsic value method as prescribed by Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees (“APB 25”), and generally requires that such transactions be accounted for using a fair value based method and recognized as expense in the condensed consolidated statement of operations. SFAS 123R also requires additional accounting for the tax benefit on employee stock options and for stock issued under our employee stock purchase plan. The adoption of SFAS 123R on January 1, 2006, had a material impact on our results of operations and financial position. See “Note 9 – Stock Based Compensation” to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional disclosure related to SFAS 123R.
On June 7, 2005, the FASB issued SFAS No. 154, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections, a replacement of APB Opinion No 20, Accounting Changes, and Statement No 3, Reporting Accounting Changes in Interim Financial Statements (“SFAS 154”). SFAS 154 changes the requirements for accounting and reporting a change in accounting principle. Previously, most voluntary changes in accounting principles were required to be recognized by way of a cumulative effect adjustment within net income during the period of the change. SFAS 154 requires retrospective application to prior periods’ financial statements, unless it is impracticable to determine either the period-specific effects or the cumulative effect of the change. SFAS 154 is effective for accounting changes made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005; however, SFAS 154 does not change the transition provisions of any existing accounting pronouncements.
In July 2005, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48 (“FIN 48”), Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes. This interpretation prescribes a comprehensive model for how a company should recognize, measure, present, and disclose in its financial statements uncertain tax positions that the company has taken or expects to take on a tax return. Under the Interpretation, the financial statements will reflect expected future tax consequences of such positions presuming the taxing authorities' full knowledge of the position and all relevant facts, but without considering time values. We have not yet completed our evaluation of the impact that adoption of FIN 48 will have on our condensed consolidated statement of operations and financial condition.
FACTORS THAT COULD AFFECT FUTURE RESULTS
In addition to the other information contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the following factors should be carefully considered in evaluating our business and prospects. The risks and uncertainties described below are intended to be ones that are specific to us or our industry and that we deem material, but they are not the only ones that we face.
On February 18, 2005, we acquired Vidus. The combined company may not realize expected benefits because of integration and other challenges.
If the combined company fails to meet the challenges involved in integrating operations and products successfully or otherwise fails to realize any of the anticipated benefits of the acquisition, then the results of operations of the combined company could be seriously harmed. Realizing the benefits of the acquisition, if any, will depend in part on the successful integration of technology, operations and personnel. The integration of the companies is a complex, time-consuming and expensive process that could significantly disrupt the business of the combined company.
The combined company may not successfully integrate the operations of @Road and Vidus in a timely manner, or at all, and the combined company may not realize the anticipated benefits of the acquisition to the extent, or in the timeframe, anticipated. The anticipated benefits of the acquisition are based on projections and assumptions, including successful integration, not actual experience. In addition to the integration risks discussed above, the combined company’s ability to realize those benefits could be adversely affected by practical or legal constraints on its ability to combine operations.
If the value of Vidus’ goodwill and or intangibles becomes impaired, we may be required to incur significant costs that would adversely affect our financial results.
Under the purchase method of accounting, the combined company allocated the total estimated purchase price of $46.3 million to Vidus’ tangible assets, purchased technology and other intangible assets and liabilities assumed based on their fair values as of the date of completion of the acquisition, and recorded the excess of the purchase price over those fair values as goodwill. The combined company will incur amortization expense over the useful lives of amortizable intangible assets acquired in connection with the acquisition. In addition, to the extent the value of goodwill and or intangibles becomes impaired, the combined company may be required to incur material charges relating to the impairment of these assets. Any potential impairment charge could have a material impact on the combined company’s results of operations and could have a material adverse effect on the market value of our common stock.
35
If wireless communications providers on which we depend for services decide to adopt new wireless technologies, or abandon or do not continue to expand their wireless networks, our operations may be disrupted, we may lose customers and our revenues could decrease.
Currently, our solutions function on general packet radio service (“GPRS”), code division multiple access (“CDMA”) 1XRTT, evolution-data optimized (“EvDO”), integrated digital enhanced network (“iDEN”) and enhanced data rates for GSM evolution (“EDGE”) networks. These protocols cover only portions of the United States, Europe and Canada. In the first quarter of 2006, we completed a costly and time consuming migration from CDPD to the protocols set forth above after wireless communications providers abandoned their CDPD networks in favor of newer technologies. If wireless communications providers abandon the protocols upon which our solutions now function in favor of other types of wireless technology, we may not be able to provide services to our customers, or we may be forced to incur considerable costs in order to adapt our solutions to new protocols. In addition, if cellular carriers do not expand their coverage areas, we will be unable to meet the needs of customers who may wish to use our services outside the current cellular coverage area.
Any material weakness or significant deficiency identified in our internal controls could have an adverse effect on our business.
Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 requires that companies evaluate and report on their internal control structure and procedures for financial reporting. As part of our first quarter 2005 and fourth quarter 2005 closing processes and assessments of internal control over our financial reporting, we identified two internal control deficiencies that constituted material weaknesses. The first material weakness concerned our interpretation and implementation of various complex accounting principles in the area of non-recurring transactions, and the second concerned our calculation and timely review of the annual tax provision for 2005. These material weaknesses were not fully remediated as of June 30, 2006. Please see Item 4 “Controls and Procedures” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A for the three months ended March 31, 2005, and Item 9A “Controls and Procedures” in Part II of our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2005 for additional information. There can be no assurance that there will not be other significant deficiencies or material weaknesses that would be required to be reported in the future. In addition, we expect the evaluation process and any required remediation, if applicable, will increase our accounting, legal and other costs, and may divert management resources from other business objectives and concerns.
Our stock price is volatile, which may cause you to lose money and could lead to costly litigation against us that could divert our resources.
From time to time, stock markets experience dramatic price and volume fluctuations, particularly for shares of technology companies. These fluctuations can be unrelated to the operating performance of these companies. Broad market fluctuations may reduce the market price of our common stock and cause you to lose some or all of your investment. These fluctuations may be exaggerated if the trading volume of our common stock is low. In addition, due to the technology-intensive nature and growth rate of our business and the MRM market, the market price of our common stock may rise and fall in response to:
· quarterly variations in operating results;
· failure to achieve operating results anticipated by securities analysts and investors;
· changes in estimates of our financial performance or changes in recommendations by securities analysts;
· announcements of technological or competitive developments;
· the gain or loss of a significant customer or order;
· disposition of shares of our common stock held by large investors; and
· acquisitions or strategic alliances by us or our competitors.
When the market price of a company’s stock drops significantly, stockholders often institute securities class action lawsuits against that company. A lawsuit against us could cause us to incur substantial costs and could divert the time and attention of our management and other resources from our business.
36
We face competition from internal development teams of potential customers and from existing and potential competitors, and if we fail to compete effectively, our ability to acquire new customers could decrease, our revenues would decline and our business would suffer.
The market for MRM solutions is competitive and is expected to become even more competitive in the future. If we do not compete effectively, competition could harm our business and limit our ability to acquire new customers and grow revenues, which in turn could result in a loss of our market share and decline in revenues. We believe that our solutions face competition from a number of business productivity solutions, including:
· solutions developed internally by our prospective customers’ information technology staff, particularly by large customer prospects;
· discrete means of communication with mobile workers, such as pagers, two-way radios, handheld devices and cellular telephones;
· solutions targeted at specific vertical markets, such as a service offered by Qualcomm that monitors assets in the long-haul transportation sector;
· solutions designed to help companies schedule and route their mobile workers; and
· solutions offered by smaller market entrants, many of which are privately held and operate on a regional basis.
In addition, we believe that our solutions face competition from manufacturing companies that seek to enter the mobile resource management market, such as Trimble Navigation.
We may also face competition from our current and potential alliances, such as wireless carriers, that may develop their own solutions, develop solutions with captive and other suppliers or support the marketing of solutions of other competitors.
We also face numerous challenges associated with overcoming the following competitive factors:
· Size and resources. Many of our current and potential competitors have access to substantially greater financial, marketing, distribution, engineering and manufacturing resources than we do, which may enable them to react more effectively to new market opportunities and customer requirements. Furthermore, these competitors may be able to adopt more aggressive pricing policies and offer more attractive terms than we can.
· Name recognition. Many of our current and potential competitors have greater name recognition and market presence than we do, which may allow them to more effectively market and sell solutions to our current and potential customers.
· Limits of product and service offerings. Although we offer a broad range of mobile resource management solutions, a customer prospect may require functionality that we do not offer, which may enable current and potential competitors to exploit the areas in which we do not develop solutions.
· Customer relationships. Many of our current and potential competitors have pre-existing relationships with our large customer prospects, which may allow them to more effectively market and sell competitive MRM solutions.
As we seek to serve larger customers, we face competition from businesses with greater financial resources, and we may be unable to compete effectively with these businesses.
The existing market is competitive. Competition is particularly vigorous for larger customers, which is a customer segment we have worked to serve. We expect competition to increase further as companies develop new products and/or modify their existing products to compete directly with ours. In addition, competitors may reduce prices to customers and seek to obtain our customers through cost-cutting and other measures. To the extent these companies compete effectively with us, our business could be adversely affected by extended sales cycles, fewer sales, and lower prices, revenue and margins.
Under the terms of our customer contracts for our hosted solutions, once the contract period expires, a customer may terminate our services with little or no notice.
Our customer contracts for our hosted solutions typically provide for a contract period of one, two or three years. Under the terms of a typical contract, a customer will often be subject to a termination fee if it chooses to terminate the contract before the contract period expires. Once the contract period has expired, and unless a customer has executed a new contract, the terms of the contract will remain in force on a month-to-month basis, allowing the customer to terminate the contract by giving very short notice and without incurring any termination fee. The termination of a significant number of customer contracts or customer contracts providing a material portion of our revenues, could cause our business to suffer and adversely affect our financial results.
37
Our business is subject to the risks associated with international operations.
We recently began offering our products and services in the United Kingdom and Europe, and we have operations in India. A significant portion of our revenue is derived from our international operations. We have limited experience operating in these foreign jurisdictions. As a result, our operating results and financial condition could be significantly affected by risks associated with international activities, including economic and labor conditions, political instability, tax laws (including United States taxes on foreign subsidiaries), the enactment of new laws affecting our activities, government regulation of our activities, and changes in the value of the United States dollar relative to the local currency in which our products are sold and our goods and services are purchased.
Our quarterly operating results are subject to fluctuations, and our stock price may decline if we do not meet the expectations of investors and analysts.
Our quarterly revenues and operating results are difficult to predict and may fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter due to a number of factors, many of which are outside our control. These factors include, but are not limited to:
· changes in the market for MRM solutions;
· delays in market acceptance or implementation of our solutions by customers;
· changes in length of sales cycles of, or demand by, our customers for existing and additional solutions;
· changes in the productivity of our distribution channels;
· introduction of new solutions by us or our competitors;
· changes in our pricing policies or those of our competitors or suppliers;
· changes in our mix of sources of revenues;
· general economic and political conditions;
· wireless networks, positioning systems and Internet infrastructure owned and controlled by others; and
· any need to migrate to new wireless networks, which could cause our solutions to be incompatible with new wireless networks or become out of date.
Our expense levels are based, in part, on our expectation of future revenues. Additionally, a substantial portion of our expenses is relatively fixed. As a result, any shortfall in revenues relative to our expectations could cause significant changes in our operating results from quarter to quarter. We believe period-to-period comparisons of our revenue levels and operating results are not meaningful. You should not rely on our quarterly revenues and operating results to predict our future performance. Our operating results have been, and in some future quarters our operating results may be, below the expectations of public market analysts and investors and, as a result, the price of our common stock may fall.
Our success depends upon our ability to develop new solutions and enhance our existing solutions. If we cannot deliver the features and functionality our customers demand, we will be unable to retain or attract new customers.
If we are unable to develop new solutions, are unable to enhance and improve our solutions successfully in a timely manner, or fail to position and/or price our solutions to meet market demand, we may not attract new customers, existing customers may not expand their use of our solutions, and our business and operating results will be adversely affected. If our enhancements to existing solutions do not deliver the functionality that our customer base demands, our customers may choose not to renew their agreements with us when they reach the end of their initial contract periods, and our business and operating results will be adversely affected. If we cannot effectively deploy, maintain and enhance our solutions, our revenues may decrease, we may not be able to recover our costs, and our competitive position may be harmed.
38
If one or more of the agreements we have with wireless communications providers is terminated and as a result, we are unable to offer our solutions to customers within a wireless communications provider’s coverage area, we may be unable to deliver our solutions, we may lose customers, and our revenues could decrease.
Our existing agreements with wireless communications providers may, in some cases be terminated immediately upon the occurrence of certain conditions or with prior written notice. If one or more of our wireless communications providers decides to terminate or not to renew its contract with us, we may incur additional costs relating to obtaining alternate coverage from another wireless communications provider outside of its primary coverage area, or we may be unable to replace the coverage at all, causing a complete loss of services to our customers in that coverage area.
We have a history of losses and may not achieve or increase profitability in the future.
We have a history of losses and may not achieve or increase profitability in the future. As of June 30, 2006, we had an accumulated deficit of approximately $85.3 million. To achieve profitability, we will need to generate significant revenues to offset our cost of revenues and our sales and marketing, research and development and general and administrative expenses. We may not achieve or sustain our revenue or profit goals and may incur losses in the future. Changes such as increases in our pricing for solutions or the pricing of competing solutions may harm our ability to increase sales of our solutions to new and existing customers. If we are not able to expand our customer base and increase our revenue from new and existing customers, we may continue to be unprofitable.
We may establish alliances or acquire technologies or companies in the future, which could result in the dilution of our stockholders and disruption of our business, which could reduce our revenues or increase our costs.
We are continually evaluating business alliances and external investments in technologies related to our business. Acquisitions of companies, divisions of companies, businesses or products and strategic alliances entail numerous risks, any of which could materially harm our business in several ways, including:
· diversion of management’s attention from our core business objectives and other business concerns;
· failure to integrate efficiently businesses or technologies acquired in the future with our pre-existing business or technologies;
· potential loss of key employees from either our pre-existing business or the acquired business;
· dilution of our existing stockholders as a result of issuing equity securities; and
· assumption of liabilities of the acquired company.
Some or all of these problems may result from current or future alliances, acquisitions or investments. Furthermore, we may not realize any value from these alliances, acquisitions or investments.
We depend on a limited number of third parties to manufacture and supply certain components of our solutions.
We rely on a limited number of sole suppliers for certain components of our solutions. We do not have long-term agreements with these suppliers. If these parties do not perform their obligations, or if they cease to supply the components needed for our solutions, we may be unable to find other suppliers and our business would be seriously harmed. We cannot be sure that alternative sources for these components will be available when needed, or if available, that these components will be available on commercially reasonable terms. These sole suppliers include Motorola, which supplies microcontrollers for use in our Internet Location Manager, Micronet, which supplies our iDT devices, and Everex, which supplies our iLM-W device.
It is our practice to attempt to maintain no more than a three to nine month supply of microcontrollers, iDT devices and other components and devices needed for our solutions. Although we believe that we have sufficient quantities of such components and devices to last the next three to nine months, if any of our arrangements with our suppliers and manufacturers are terminated, if we are unable to obtain sufficient quantities of any products or components critical for our solutions, if the quality of these products or components is inadequate, or if the terms for supply of these products or components become commercially unreasonable, our search for additional or alternate suppliers and manufacturers could result in significant delays, added expense and our inability to maintain or expand our customer base. Any of these events could require us to take unforeseen actions or devote additional resources to provide our products and services and could harm our ability to compete effectively.
39
A disruption of our services or of our software applications due to accidental or intentional security breaches may harm our reputation, cause a loss of revenues and increase our expenses.
Unauthorized access, computer viruses and other accidental or intentional actions could disrupt our information systems or communications networks or could adversely impact the functionality and security of our software products. We expect to incur significant costs to protect against the threat of security breaches and to alleviate problems caused by any breaches. Currently, the wireless transmission of our customers’ proprietary information is not protected by encryption technology. If a third party were to misappropriate our customers’ proprietary information or adversely impact the operations of our customers, we could be subject to claims, litigation or other potential liabilities that could seriously harm our revenues and result in the loss of customers.
System or network failures could reduce our sales, increase costs or result in liability claims.
Any disruption to our services, information systems or communications networks or those of third parties could result in the inability of our customers to receive our services for an indeterminate period of time. Our hosted solutions and related operations depend upon our ability to maintain and protect our computer systems at data centers located in Ashburn, Virginia and Redwood City, California, and our network operations center in Fremont, California. The facilities in California are in or near earthquake fault zones. Our services may not function properly and we may not be able to adequately support and maintain our software products if our systems fail, if there is an interruption in the supply of power, or if there is an earthquake, fire, flood or other natural disaster, or an act of war or terrorism. Within each of our data centers, we have fully redundant systems; however, in the event of a system or network failure, the process of shifting access to customer data from one data center to the other would be performed manually, and could result in a further disruption to our services and our ability to adequately support and maintain our software products. Any disruption to our services could cause us to lose customers or revenue, or face litigation, customer service or repair work that would involve substantial costs and could distract management from operating our business.
Our success and ability to compete depend upon our ability to secure and protect patents, trademarks and other proprietary rights.
Our success and ability to compete depend on our ability to protect our proprietary rights to the technologies used to implement and operate our solutions in the United States, the United Kingdom and in other countries. In the event that a third party breaches the confidentiality provisions or other obligations in one or more of our agreements or misappropriates or infringes our intellectual property rights or the intellectual property rights licensed to us by third parties, our business could be seriously harmed. To protect our proprietary rights, we rely on a combination of trade secrets, confidentiality and other contractual provisions and agreements, and patent, copyright and trademark laws, which afford us only limited protection. Third parties may independently discover or invent competing technologies or reverse engineer our trade secrets, software or other technology. Furthermore, laws in some foreign countries may not protect our proprietary rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States. Therefore, the measures we take to protect our proprietary rights may not be adequate.
Claims that we infringe third-party proprietary rights could result in significant expenses or restrictions on our ability to provide our solutions.
Third parties may claim that our current or future solutions infringe their proprietary rights or assert other claims against us. As the number of entrants into our market increases, the possibility of an intellectual property or other claim against us grows. Any intellectual property or other claim, with or without merit, would be time-consuming and expensive to litigate or settle and could divert management’s attention from our core business. As a result of such a dispute, we may have to pay damages, incur substantial legal fees, develop costly non-infringing technology, if possible, or enter into license agreements, which may not be available on terms acceptable to us, if at all. Any of these results would increase our expenses and could decrease the functionality of our solutions, which would make our solutions less attractive to our current or potential customers. We have agreed in some of our agreements, and may agree in the future, to indemnify other parties for any expenses or liabilities resulting from claimed infringements of the proprietary rights of third parties.
If our customers do not have access to sufficient capacity on reliable wireless networks, we may be unable to deliver our services, our customers’ satisfaction could decline and our revenues could decrease.
Part of our ability to grow and maintain profitability depends on the ability of wireless carriers to provide sufficient network capacity, reliability and security to our customers. Even where wireless carriers provide coverage to entire metropolitan areas, there are occasional lapses in coverage, for example due to tunnels blocking the transmission of data to and from wireless modems used with our solutions. These effects could make our services less reliable and less useful, and customer satisfaction could suffer.
40
We depend on GPS technology owned and controlled by others. If we do not have continued access to GPS technology or satellites, we will be unable to deliver a majority of our solutions and revenues will decrease.
A majority of our solutions rely on signals from global positioning system (“GPS”) satellites built and maintained by the United States Department of Defense. GPS satellites and their ground support systems are subject to electronic and mechanical failures and sabotage. If one or more satellites malfunction, there could be a substantial delay before they are repaired or replaced, if at all, our products and services may cease to function, and customer satisfaction would suffer.
In addition, the United States government could decide to discontinue operation and maintenance of GPS satellites or to charge for the use of GPS. Furthermore, because of ever-increasing commercial applications of GPS and international political unrest, United States government agencies may become increasingly involved in the administration or the regulation of the use of GPS signals in the future. If factors such as the foregoing affect GPS, for example by affecting the availability, quality, accuracy or pricing of GPS technology, our business will suffer.
Defects or errors in our solutions could result in the cancellation of or delays in the implementation of our solutions, which would damage our reputation and harm our financial condition.
We must develop our solutions quickly to keep pace with the rapidly changing MRM market. Solutions that address this market are likely to contain undetected errors or defects, especially when first introduced or when new versions are introduced. We may be forced to delay commercial releases of new solutions or updated versions of existing solutions until such errors or defects are corrected, and in some cases, we may need to implement enhancements to correct errors that were not detected until after deployment of our solutions. Even after testing and release, our solutions may not be free from errors or defects, which could result in the cancellation or disruption of our services or dissatisfaction of customers. In some cases, customers may terminate their agreements with us without penalty if the solution we have provided does not meet the specifications agreed upon by the parties. Such contract terminations or customer dissatisfaction would damage our reputation and result in lost revenues, diverted development resources, and increased support and warranty costs.
The production or reporting of inaccurate information could cause the loss of customers and expose us to legal liability.
The accurate production and reporting of information is critical to our customers’ businesses. If we fail to accurately produce and report information, we could lose customers, our reputation and ability to attract new customers could be harmed, and we could be exposed to legal liability. We may not have insurance adequate to cover losses we may incur as a result of these inaccuracies.
Our success depends on our ability to maintain and expand our sales channels.
To increase our market awareness, customer base and revenues, we need to expand our direct and indirect sales operations. There is strong competition for qualified sales personnel, and we may not be able to attract or retain sufficient new sales personnel to expand our operations. New sales personnel require training, and it takes time for them to achieve full productivity, if at all. In addition, we believe that our success is dependent on the expansion of our indirect distribution channels, including our relationships with wireless carriers, independent sales agents and resellers. These sales channel alliances require training in selling our solutions and it will take time for these alliances to achieve productivity, if at all. We may not be able to establish relationships with additional distributors on a timely basis, or at all. Our independent sales agents and resellers, many of which are not engaged with us on an exclusive basis, may not devote adequate resources to promoting and selling our solutions.
We depend on recruiting and retaining qualified personnel, and our inability to do so may result in a loss in sales, impair our ability to effectively manage our operations or impair our ability to develop and support our solutions.
Because of the technical nature of our solutions and the market in which we compete, our success depends on the continued services of our current executive officers and our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel with expertise in wireless communications, GPS technologies, hosted software applications, transaction processing and the Internet. Competitors and others have recruited our employees in the past and may attempt to do so in the future. In addition, new employees generally require substantial training, which requires significant resources and management attention. Even if we invest significant resources to recruit, train and retain qualified personnel, there can be no assurances that we will be successful in our efforts.
41
From time to time, we are or may be subject to litigation that could result in significant costs to us.
From time to time, we are or may be subject to litigation in the ordinary course of business relating to any number or type of claims, including claims for damages related to errors and malfunctions of our products and services or their deployment. A securities, product liability, breach of contract, or other claim could seriously harm our business because of the costs of defending the lawsuit, diversion of employees’ time and attention, and potential damage to our reputation. Some of our agreements with customers, suppliers and other third parties contain provisions designed to limit exposure to potential claims. Limitation of liability provisions contained in our agreements may not be enforceable under the laws of some jurisdictions. As a result, we could be required to pay substantial amounts of damages in settlement or upon the determination of any of these types of claims. Although we carry general liability and directors and officers insurance, our insurance may not cover potential claims or may not be adequate to cover all costs incurred in defense of potential claims or to indemnify us for all liabilities that may be imposed.
Government regulations and standards could subject us to increased regulation, increase our costs of operations or reduce our opportunities to earn revenue.
In addition to regulations applicable to businesses in general, we may also be subject to direct regulation by United States governmental agencies, including the Federal Communications Commission, Department of Defense, Department of Commerce or the State Department. These regulations may impose licensing requirements, privacy safeguards relating to certain subscriber information, or safety standards, for example with respect to human exposure to electromagnetic radiation and signal leakage. A number of legislative and regulatory proposals under consideration by federal, state, provincial, local and foreign governmental organizations may lead to laws or regulations concerning various aspects of the Internet, wireless communications and GPS technology, including on-line content, user privacy, taxation, access charges and liability for third-party activities. Additionally, it is uncertain how existing laws governing issues such as taxation on the use of wireless networks, intellectual property, libel, user privacy and property ownership will be applied to our solutions. The adoption of new laws or the application of existing laws may expose us to significant liabilities and additional operational requirements, which could decrease the demand for our solutions and increase our cost of doing business. Wireless communications providers who supply us with airtime are subject to regulation by the Federal Communications Commission, and regulations that affect them could also increase our costs or limit our ability to provide our solutions.
Fluctuations in the value of foreign currencies could result in decreased revenues, increased product costs and operating expenses.
We have customers, suppliers and manufacturers that are located outside the United States. Some transactions relating to supply and development agreements may be conducted in currencies other than the United States dollar, and fluctuations in the value of foreign currencies relative to the United States dollar could cause us to incur currency exchange costs. In addition, some of our transactions denominated in United States dollars may be subject to currency exchange rate risk. We cannot predict the effect of exchange rate fluctuations on our future operating results. Should there be a sustained increase in average exchange rates for the local currencies in these countries, our suppliers and manufacturers may request a price increase at the end of the contract period.
Geopolitical, economic and military conditions, including terrorist attacks and other acts of war, may materially and adversely affect the markets on which our common stock trades, the markets in which we operate, our operations and our profitability.
Terrorist attacks and other acts of war, and any response to them, may lead to armed hostilities and such developments would likely cause instability in financial markets. Armed hostilities and terrorism may directly impact our facilities, personnel and operations which are located in the United States, the United Kingdom and India, as well as those of our customers and suppliers. Furthermore, severe terrorist attacks or acts of war may result in temporary halts of commercial activity in the affected regions, and may result in reduced demand for our solutions. These developments could have a material adverse effect on our business and the trading price of our common stock.
As of June 30, 2006, a limited number of stockholders own approximately 33% of our stock and may act, or prevent certain types of corporate actions, to the detriment of other stockholders.
Our directors, officers and greater than 5% stockholders own, as of June 30, 2006, approximately 33% of our outstanding common stock. Accordingly, these stockholders may, if they act together, exercise significant influence over all matters requiring stockholder approval, including the election of a majority of the directors and the determination of significant corporate actions. This concentration could also have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control that could otherwise be beneficial to our stockholders.
42
Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws and state law contain provisions that could discourage a takeover.
We have adopted a certificate of incorporation and bylaws, which in addition to state law, may discourage, delay or prevent a merger or acquisition that a stockholder may consider favorable. These provisions include the following:
· establishing a classified board in which only a portion of the total board members will be elected at each annual meeting;
· authorizing the board to issue preferred stock;
· prohibiting cumulative voting in the election of directors;
· limiting the persons who may call special meetings of stockholders;
· prohibiting stockholder action by written consent; and
· establishing advance notice requirements for nominations for election to the board of directors or for proposing matters that can be acted on by stockholders at stockholder meetings.
We have adopted a certificate of incorporation that permits our board to issue shares of preferred stock without stockholder approval, which means that our board could issue shares with special voting rights or other provisions that could deter a takeover. In addition to delaying or preventing an acquisition, the issuance of a substantial number of shares of preferred stock could adversely affect the price of our common stock and dilute existing stockholders.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Interest rate risk
We are exposed to the impact of interest rate changes and changes in the market values of our marketable securities. We have not used derivative financial instruments in our investment portfolio. We invest our excess cash in debt instruments of high-quality corporate issuers and the United States government or its agencies. Our investment policy limits the amount of credit exposure to any one issuer and limits our investments to maturity dates of less than one year. We are averse to principal loss and seek to preserve our invested funds by limiting default risk, market risk and reinvestment risk. We mitigate default risk by investing in high credit quality securities and by positioning our portfolio to respond appropriately to a significant reduction in a credit rating of any investment issuer or guarantor. The portfolio includes only marketable securities with active secondary or resale markets to provide portfolio liquidity.
Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities in both fixed and floating rate interest-earning instruments carry a degree of interest rate risk. Fixed rate securities may have their fair market value adversely impacted due to rising interest rates, while floating rate securities may produce less income than expected if interest rates fall. Due in part to these factors, our future interest income may fall short of expectations due to changes in interest rates or we may suffer losses if forced to sell securities that have declined in market value due to changes in interest rates.
The table below presents the carrying value and related weighted average rate of return for our cash, cash equivalents and debt securities. The carrying values approximate fair values as of June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005. As of June 30, 2006, debt securities consisted of $10.1 million with original maturity dates of 90 days or less and $81.1 million with original maturity dates of greater than 90 days. As of December 31, 2005, debt securities consisted of $25.8 million with original maturity dates of 90 days or less and $77.6 million with original maturity dates of greater than 90 days.
| | Carrying value at June 30, 2006 | | Average rate of return at June 30, 2006 | | Carrying value at December 31, 2005 | | Average rate of return at December 31, 2005 | |
| | (in thousands) | | (annualized) | | (in thousands) | | (annualized) | |
Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents—variable rate | | $ | 4,565 | | 4.5 | % | $ | 8,984 | | 2.8 | % |
Money market funds—variable rate | | 3,359 | | 5.1 | % | 7,030 | | 3.6 | % |
Cash and cash equivalents—fixed rate | | 2,206 | | 5.1 | % | 9,759 | | 4.2 | % |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total cash and cash equivalents | | 10,130 | | 4.8 | % | 25,773 | | 3.6 | % |
Marketable securities—fixed rate | | 81,064 | | 5.0 | % | 77,643 | | 4.1 | % |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities | | $ | 91,194 | | 4.9 | % | $ | 103,416 | | 4.0 | % |
43
Foreign Currency Exchange
We transact business primarily in United States dollars. We are subject, however, to adverse movements in foreign currency exchange rates in those countries where we conduct business. To date, the effect of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates on expenses has not been material. Operating expenses incurred by our subsidiary in India are denominated in Indian rupees. This subsidiary was formed in November 1999 primarily to perform research and development and customer support services. Operating expenses incurred by our subsidiary in the United Kingdom are denominated in British pounds and euros. This subsidiary was acquired as part of the Vidus acquisition and performs research and development, sales and marketing, and customer service activities. Operating expenses incurred in British pounds and Indian rupees exceed revenues generated in these currencies, which we do not hedge. A ten percent increase in the average exchange rates of these currencies would decrease our operating income by approximately 5.3%.
We hold fixed-price agreements denominated in United States dollars with certain of our foreign-based suppliers: Orient Semiconductor Electronics, in Taiwan, which manufactures the Internet Location Manager; Siemens AG, in Germany, which provides the modem for some versions of the iLM; Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, in Taiwan, which manufactures our GPS digital receiver chips; and Micronet, in Israel, which supplies our iDT. Should there be a sustained increase in average exchange rates for the local currency in any of the foregoing countries, our suppliers may request increased pricing on any new agreements. If this were to occur for all of these currencies and with each of these suppliers, a ten percent increase in average exchange rates could increase our product costs by approximately 2.5%.
We do not use derivative financial instruments for speculative trading purposes, nor do we currently hedge any foreign currency exposure to offset the effects of changes in foreign exchange rates. Similarly, we do not use financial instruments to hedge operating expenses of our subsidiaries in India or the United Kingdom.
Equity Price Risk
The Series B-1 and B-2 redeemable preferred stock, issued in connection with the Vidus acquisition, included an embedded derivative instrument, the “top-up amount”, which is indexed to our common stock. The top-up amount is payable upon the redemption of preferred stock after September 25, 2006 and is calculated as follows: $54.2 million less the greater of (i) $38.0 million or (ii) 5.6 million, multiplied by the highest average closing sale price of our common stock for any ten consecutive trading day period from September 25, 2005 to September 25, 2006 plus $15.0 million.
The fair value of this derivative instrument was estimated at $3.9 million at June 30, 2006, $4.1 million at March 31, 2006 and at $2.9 million at December 31, 2005. The change in the fair value of $135,000 and $(1.0) million was recorded in total other income (expense), net in the condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006, respectively.
Based on the highest ten consecutive trading days average closing price of the Company’s common stock of $5.73 per share through June 30, 2006, the aggregate top-up, as if determined on June 30, 2006, is $7.1 million. The top-up amount will further decrease if, and to the extent that, the average closing price of our common stock for any ten consecutive trading day period ending on or before September 25, 2006 is greater than $5.73 per share.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
As of June 30, 2006, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as amended (“Exchange Act”). As part of our evaluation, we considered factors such as whether data, if any, concerning significant changes to our business, new agreements entered into during the quarter, changes in relationships with suppliers and customers, new resource commitments, litigation matters, the material weaknesses described below and changes in accounting interpretations were disclosed in connection with the disclosure committee’s investigation of such matters. In addition, we considered the comments, if any, of process owners regarding their awareness of any matters that could give rise to additional disclosure.
Based upon that evaluation, as of June 30, 2006, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that, as a result of the material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting that have not been fully remediated, as described below, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective in recording, processing, summarizing and reporting, on a timely basis, information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act, and were not effective in ensuring that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
A disclosure control system, no matter how well conceived and implemented, can provide only reasonable assurance that the objectives of such control system are satisfied. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues, if any, within the company have been detected. The Company did design into its process safeguards to reduce, though not eliminate, this risk.
We previously described two material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting (as such phrase is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) in Item 9A, Controls and Procedures, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board Auditing Standard No. 2 describes a material weakness as a significant deficiency, or combination of significant deficiencies, that results in more than a remote likelihood that a material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected.
In Item 9A, Controls and Procedures, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005, we referenced the remediation plan that we commenced implementing prior to December 31, 2005 to help address the previously reported material weakness relating to non-recurring transactions. As of December 31, 2005, we had not fully remediated the material weakness related to the accounting for non-recurring transactions. During the second quarter of 2005, we commenced implementation of a remediation plan to supplement our existing processes to (a) identify internally such transactions occurring during a reporting period and (b) assess the accounting treatment to be used in connection with those transactions. These supplemental elements include (i) additional internal reviews of the underlying transactions and related accounting conclusions and (ii) the use of external consulting expertise to provide additional advice relating to our accounting interpretations. The phrase “external consulting expertise” means that the Company would engage the services of an independent registered public accounting firm or third party with appropriate accounting knowledge and expertise.
In addition, we did not accurately calculate, or perform a timely review of, our provision for income taxes. This deficiency in internal control constituted a material weakness.
During the six months ended June 30, 2006, we implemented the following changes to help address previously reported material weaknesses:
· We reviewed with the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors all accounting policies adopted or changed and significant management estimates;
44
· We increased our internal resources by adding four additional certified public accountants to our finance staff;
· We engaged external consulting expertise to assist management with its valuation and initial adoption of SFAS 123R and the preparation of the provision for income taxes; and
· We increased the level of review and discussion of significant tax matters and supporting documentation with senior finance management.
During the quarter ended June 30, 2006, we accomplished a limited number of the measures set forth in our remediation plans. However, no change in our internal control over financial reporting occurred during the quarter ended June 30, 2006 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
The remedial measures implemented by us to date will not in and of themselves remediate the material weaknesses, and certain of these remedial measures will require some time to be fully implemented or to take full effect. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues, including instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected and could be material and require a restatement of our financial statements. Over time, the controls and procedures we have implemented may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate. The actual efficacy of these initiatives and of our controls and procedures is subject to review by our management, supported by confirmation and testing by our management.
If the remedial measures described above are insufficient to address the identified material weaknesses, our financial statements may contain material misstatements. Among other things, any unremediated material weakness could result in material post-closing adjustments in future financial statements.
In light of the material weaknesses described above, we performed additional analysis and other post-closing procedures to ensure that the condensed consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Accordingly, management believes that the financial statements included in this report fairly present in all material respects our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented.
The certifications of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer required in accordance with Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act are attached as exhibits to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The disclosures set forth in this Item 4 contain information concerning the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures, and changes in internal control over financial reporting, referred to in the certifications. This Item 4 should be read in conjunction with the officer certifications for a more complete understanding of the topics presented.
45
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
From time to time, we are subject to claims in legal proceedings arising in the normal course of our business. Based on our evaluation of these matters, we believe that these matters will not have a material adverse effect on our operations or financial position.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
Except as set forth below, during the six months ended June 30, 2006, there were no material changes to the descriptions of the risk factors associated with our business previously disclosed in Item 1A of Part I of our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2005 which is incorporated herein by reference.
A substantial portion of our revenue is attributable to a small number of customers, the loss of any one of which would harm our financial results.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2006, three of our customers represented, in the aggregate, approximately 31% of our total revenues. Approximately 16% and 15% of our total revenues for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006, respectively, were attributable to one customer, AT&T Inc. The loss of a significant volume of business from any of these customers could be expected to result in a material decrease in our total revenue and could negatively impact our financial results.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
None.
46
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
None.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.
On June 8, 2006, we held our annual meeting of stockholders. The following summarizes the matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders:
1. The election of the following nominees to serve as members of our Board of Directors:
Nominee | | Votes in Favor | | Votes Against | |
Kris Chellam | | 48,365,726 | | 9,848,019 | |
James W. Davis | | 54,156,263 | | 4,057,482 | |
2. The ratification of the appointment of Deloitte & Touche LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2006:
Votes in Favor: 58,097,509 | Votes Against: 90,646 | Votes Abstaining: 25,589 |
The names of each director other than Mr. Chellam and Mr. Davis, whose term of office as a director continued after the annual meeting of stockholders is set forth below:
Krish Panu
Charles E. Levine
T. Peter Thomas
Item 5. Other Information.
None.
Item 6. Exhibits.
31.1 | | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification |
| | |
31.2 | | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification |
| | |
32.1 | | Section 1350 Certification |
| | |
32.2 | | Section 1350 Certification |
47
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| @ROAD, INC. | |
| | |
| By: | /s/ Michael Martini | |
| |
| Michael Martini |
| Chief Financial Officer |
| (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
| |
| Date: August 9, 2006 |
| | | | |
48
Exhibit Index
Exhibits
31.1 | | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification. |
| | |
31.2 | | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification. |
| | |
32.1 | | Section 1350 Certification. |
| | |
32.2 | | Section 1350 Certification. |
49