1. Nature of Activities and Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
Nature of Activities and Significant Accounting Policies | Nature of Activities, History and Organization |
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DynaResource, Inc. (The “Company”, “DynaResource”, or “DynaUSA”) was organized September 28, 1937, as a California corporation under the name of West Coast Mines, Inc. In 1998, the Company re-domiciled to Delaware and changed its name to DynaResource, Inc. The Company is in the business of acquiring, investing in, and developing precious metal properties, and the production of precious metals. |
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In 2000, the Company formed a wholly owned subsidiary, DynaResource de México S.A. de C.V., chartered in México (“DynaMéxico”). This Company was formed to acquire, invest in and develop resource properties in México. DynaMéxico owns a portfolio of mining concessions that currently includes its interests in the San José de Gracia Project (“SJG”) in northern Sinaloa State, México. The SJG District covers 69,121 hectares (170,802 acres) on the west side of the Sierra Madre mountain range. The Company currently owns 80% of the outstanding capital of DynaMéxico. |
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In 2005, the Company formed DynaResource Operaciones de San Jose De Gracia S.A. de C.V. (“DynaOperaciones”), and acquired effective control of Mineras de DynaResource, S.A. de C.V. (formerly Minera Finesterre S.A. de C.V., “DynaMineras”). The Company owned 25% of DynaMineras and acquired effective control of DynaMineras by acquiring the option to purchase the remaining 75% of the Shares of DynaMineras. The Company finalized the option and acquisition of DynaMineras in January 2010, and now owns 100% of DynaMineras. The results of these subsidiaries are consolidated with those of the Company. |
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From January 2008 through March 2011, DynaMéxico issued 100 Variable Capital Series “B” shares to Goldgroup Resources, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Goldgroup Mining Inc. Vancouver BC (“Goldgroup”), in exchange for Goldgroup’s contribution of $18,000,000 to DynaMéxico. At March 14, 2011, Goldgroup owned 50% of the outstanding capital shares of DynaMéxico. |
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On June 21, 2013, DynaResource acquired a Certificate for 300 Series “B” Variable Capital Shares of DynaMéxico, in exchange for the settlement of accounts receivable from DynaMéxico in the amount of $31,090,710 Mexican Pesos (approximately $2.4 million USD). After the issuance and receipt of the 300 Series B Shares, DynaUSA holds 80% of the total outstanding Capital of DynaMéxico. |
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The Company elected to become a voluntary reporting issuer in Canada in order to avail itself of Canadian regulations regarding reporting for mining properties and, more specifically, National Instrument 43-101 (“NI 43-101”). This regulation sets forth standards for reporting resources in a mineral property and is a standard recognized in the mining industry. |
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Significant Accounting Policies |
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The Company’s management selects accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and adopts methods for their application. The application of accounting principles requires the estimating, matching and timing of revenue and expense. The accounting policies used conform to generally accepted accounting principles which have been consistently applied in the preparation of these financial statements. |
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The financial statements and notes are representations of the Company’s management which is responsible for their integrity and objectivity. Management further acknowledges that it is solely responsible for adopting sound accounting practices, establishing and maintaining a system of internal accounting control and preventing and detecting fraud. The Company's system of internal accounting control is designed to assure, among other items that: 1) recorded transactions are valid; 2) valid transactions are recorded; and 3) transactions are recorded in the proper period in a timely manner to produce financial statements which present fairly the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company for the respective periods presented. |
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Basis of Presentation |
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The Company prepares its financial statements on the accrual basis of accounting in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. |
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Principles of Consolidation |
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The financial statements include the accounts of DynaResource, Inc., as well as DynaResource de México, S.A. de C.V. (80% ownership), DynaResource Operaciones S.A. de C.V. (100% ownership) and Mineras de DynaResource S.A. de C.V. (100% ownership). All significant inter-company transactions have been eliminated. All amounts are presented in U.S. Dollars unless otherwise stated. |
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Non-Controlling Interest |
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The Company’s subsidiary, DynaResource de México S.A. de C.V, is 20% owned by Goldgroup Mining, Inc. On May 17, 2013, the ownership changed from 50% to 20%. The Company accounts for this outside interest as “non-controlling interest”. |
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Investments in Affiliates |
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The Company owns a 20% interest in DynaResource Nevada, Inc., a Nevada Corporation (“DynaNevada”), with one operating subsidiary in México, DynaNevada de México, S.A. de C.V. (“DynaNevada de México”), together “DynaNevada”. The Company accounts for this investment using the cost basis. |
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Cash and Cash Equivalents |
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The Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. At times, cash balances may be in excess of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insurance limits. At December 31, 2014, the Company had no balances that were in excess of the FDIC insurance limit of $250,000. The carrying amount approximates fair market value. |
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Accounts Receivable and Allowances for Doubtful Accounts |
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The allowance for accounts receivable is recorded when receivables are considered to be doubtful of collection. As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, no allowance has been made. |
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Foreign Tax Receivable |
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Foreign Tax Receivable is comprised of recoverable value-added taxes (“IVA”) charged by the Mexican government on goods and services rendered. Under certain circumstances, these taxes are recoverable by filing a tax return. Amounts paid for IVA are tracked and held as receivables until the funds are remitted. The total amounts of the IVA receivable As of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 are $204,132 and $296,038, respectively. |
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Inventory |
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The Company commenced test mining and milling (pilot production) activities in the 2nd quarter, 2014. Inventories are carried at the lower of cost or fair value and consist of mined tonnage, and gravity concentrates, and gravity tailings or flotation feed material. The inventories are $100,000 and $0 as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively. |
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Proven and Probable Reserves (No Known Reserves) |
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The definition of proven and probable reserves is set forth in SEC Industry Guide 7 (“Industry Guide 7”). Proven reserves for which (1) quantity is computed from dimensions revealed in outcrops, trenches, workings or drill holes, grade and/or quality are computed from the results of detailed sampling and (b) the sites for inspection, sampling and measurement are spaced so closely and the geological character is so well defined that size, shape, depth and mineral content of the reserves are well-established. Probable reserves are reserves for which quantity and grade and/or quality are computed from information similar to that used for proven (measured) reserves, but the sites for inspection, sampling, and measurement are farther apart or are otherwise less adequately spaced. The degree of assurance, although lower than that for proven (measured) reserves, is high enough to assume continuity between points of observations. |
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As of December 31, 2014, none of the Company's properties contain resources that satisfy the definition of proven and probable reserves. The Company classifies the development of its properties, including the San Jose de Gracia Property, as exploration stage projects since no proven or probable reserves have been established under Industry Guide 7. |
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Property |
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Substantially all costs, including design, engineering, construction, and installation of equipment are expensed as incurred as the Company has not established proven and probable reserves on any of its properties. Only certain types of equipment which has alternative uses or significant salvage value, may be capitalized without proven and probable reserves. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method with the exception of mining equipment. Mining equipment is depreciated using the units-of-production method based on tonnes processed over the estimated total mine life. Office furniture, equipment and light vehicles are being depreciated over estimated economic lives ranging from 3 to 5 years. Leasehold improvements, which relate to the Company's corporate office, are being amortized over the term of the lease of 10 years. Trailers, heavy vehicles and other site equipment are being depreciated over estimated economic lives from 5 to 15 years. Buildings are being depreciated over an estimated economic life of 20 years. |
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Design, Construction, and Development Costs: Mine development costs include engineering and metallurgical studies, drilling and other related costs to delineate an ore body, the removal of overburden to initially expose an ore body at open pit surface mines and the building of access ways, shafts, lateral access, drifts, ramps and other infrastructure at underground mines. |
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When proven and probable reserves as defined by Industry Guide 7 exist, development costs are capitalized and the property is a commercially minable property. Mine development costs incurred either to develop new ore deposits, expand the capacity of operating mines, or to develop mine areas substantially in advance of current production would be capitalized. Costs of start-up activities and costs incurred to maintain current production or to maintain assets on a standby basis are charged to operations as incurred. Costs of abandoned projects are charged to operations upon abandonment. All capitalized costs would be amortized using the units of production method over the estimated life of the ore body based on recoverable ounces to be mined from proven and probable reserves. |
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Certain costs to design and construct mining and processing facilities may be incurred prior to establishing proven and probable reserves. As no proven and probable reserves have been established on any of the Company's properties, design, construction and development costs are not capitalized at any of the Company's properties, and accordingly, substantially all costs are expensed as incurred, resulting in the Company reporting larger losses than if such expenditures had been capitalized. Additionally, the Company does not have a corresponding depreciation or amortization of these costs going forward since these expenditures were expensed as incurred as opposed to being capitalized. As a result of these and other differences, the Company's financial statements may not be comparable to the financial statements of mining companies that have established reserves. |
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Mining Properties Interests |
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Mineral property interests include acquired interests in development and exploration stage properties, which are considered tangible assets. The amount capitalized relating to a mineral property interest represents its fair value at the time of acquisition. When a property does not contain mineralized material that satisfies the definition of proven and probable reserves, such as with the San Jose de Gracia Property, capitalized costs and mineral property interests are amortized using the straight line method once production begins. As of December 31, 2014, the mining interests have been in the pilot production stage and therefore, no amortization has been expensed. Mining properties consist of 33 mining concessions covering approximately 69,121 hectares at the San Jose de Gracia property (“SJG”), the basis of which are amortized on the unit of production method based on estimated recoverable resources. If it is determined that the deferred costs related to a property are not recoverable over its productive life, those costs will be written down to fair value as a charge to operations in the period in which the determination is made. The amounts at which mineral properties and the related costs are recorded do not necessarily reflect present or future values. |
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Impairment of Assets: The Company reviews and evaluates its long-lived assets for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the related carrying amounts may not be recoverable. Mineral properties are monitored for impairment based on factors such as mineral prices, government regulation and taxation, the Company's continued right to explore the area, exploration reports, assays, technical reports, drill results and its continued plans to fund exploration programs on the property. |
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For operating mines, recoverability is measured by comparing the undiscounted future net cash flows to the net book value. When the net book value exceeds future net undiscounted cash flows, an impairment loss is measured and recorded based on the excess of the net book value over fair value. Fair value for operating mines is determined using a combined approach, which uses a discounted cash flow model for the existing operations and a market approach for the fair value assessment of exploration land claims. Future cash flows are estimated based on quantities of recoverable mineralized material, expected gold and silver prices (considering current and historical prices, trends and related factors), production levels, operating costs, capital requirements and reclamation costs, all based on life-of-mine plans. The term "recoverable mineralized material" refers to the estimated amount of gold or other commodities that will be obtained after taking into account losses during processing and treatment of mineralized material. In estimating future cash flows, assets are grouped at the lowest level for which there are identifiable cash flows that are largely independent of future cash flows from other asset groups. The Company's estimates of future cash flows are based on numerous assumptions and it is possible that actual future cash flows will be significantly different than the estimates, as actual future quantities of recoverable minerals, gold, silver and other commodity prices, production levels and costs and capital are each subject to significant risks and uncertainties. |
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For exploration properties, the Company is unable to estimate undiscounted future net cash flows from its operations due to the absence of proven and probable reserves. As a result, the Company uses the market approach to estimate the fair value of the Nevada and Argentina exploration properties by using a combination of the observed market value per square mile and an observed market value per ounce or pound of mineralized material based on comparable transactions, and uses this measure to assess recoverability and impairment. For purposes of recognition and measurement of an impairment loss, the Company groups its properties by geological mineral complex, as this represents the lowest level at which the Company allocates its exploration spending independent of other assets and liabilities. |
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The recoverability of the book value of each property will be assessed annually for indicators of impairment such as adverse changes to any of the following: |
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· | estimated recoverable ounces of gold, silver or other precious minerals; | | | | | | | | |
· | estimated future commodity prices; | | | | | | | | |
· | estimated expected future operating costs, capital expenditures and reclamation expenditures. | | | | | | | | |
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A write-down to fair value will be recorded when the expected future cash flow is less than the net book value of the property or when events or changes in the property indicate that carrying amounts are not recoverable. This analysis will be completed as needed, and at least annually. As of the date of this filing, no events have occurred that would require write-down of any assets. As of December 31, 2014, no indications of impairment existed. |
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Asset Retirement Obligation: As the Company is not obligated to remediate the mining properties, no Asset Retirement Obligation (“ARO”) has been established. Changes in regulations or laws, any instances of non-compliance with laws or regulations that result in fines, or any unforeseen environmental contamination could result in a material impact to the amounts charged to operations for reclamation and remediation. Significant judgments and estimates are made when estimating the fair value of AROs. Expected cash flows relating to AROs could occur over long periods of time and the assessment of the extent of environmental remediation work is highly subjective. Considering all of these factors that go into the determination of an ARO, the fair value of the AROs can materially change over time. |
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Pre Pilot-Production Costs |
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During 2014, the Company has conducted rehabilitation activity at the San Pablo mine, and has refurbished the Pilot Mill Facility at San Jose de Gracia, and in general preparing for test mining and pilot milling (“Pilot Production”) Operations. The costs associated with the rehabilitation, preparation, clean up and facilitation of this process are expensed as pre pilot-production costs. |
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Property Holding Costs |
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Holding costs to maintain a property on a care and maintenance basis are expensed in the period they are incurred. These costs include security and maintenance expenses, lease and claim fees and payments, and environmental monitoring and reporting costs. |
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Exploration Costs |
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Exploration costs are charged to operations and expenses as incurred. Exploration, development, direct field costs and administrative costs are expensed in the period incurred. |
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Foreign Currency Translation |
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The functional currency for the subsidiaries of the Company is the Mexican Peso. As a result, the financial statements of the subsidiaries have been re-measured from Mexican Pesos into U.S. dollars using (i) current exchange rates for monetary asset and liability accounts, (ii) historical exchange rates for nonmonetary asset and liability accounts, (iii) historical exchange rates for revenues and expenses associated with nonmonetary assets and liabilities and (iv) the weighted average exchange rate of the reporting period for all other revenues and expenses. In addition, foreign currency translation gains and losses are reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity (comprehensive income (loss). |
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The financial statements of the subsidiaries should not be construed as representations that Mexican Pesos have been, could have been or may in the future be converted into U.S. dollars at such rates or any other rates. |
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Relevant exchange rates used in the preparation of the financial statements for the subsidiaries are as follows for the periods ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 (Mexican Pesos per one U.S. dollar): |
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| | | 31-Dec-14 | | | 31-Dec-13 | |
Current exchange rate | Pesos | | | 14.76 | | | | 13.06 | |
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Weighted average exchange rate for the period ended | Pesos | | | 13.29 | | | | 12.75 | |
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The Company recorded currency transaction losses of $(1,585,392) for the year ended December 31, 2014 and $(136,848) in 2013. |
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Income Taxes |
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The Company accounts for income taxes under ASC 740 “Income Taxes” using the liability method, recognizing certain temporary differences between the financial reporting basis of liabilities and assets and the related income tax basis for such liabilities and assets. This method generates either a net deferred income tax liability or asset for the Company, as measured by the statutory tax rates in effect. The Company derives the deferred income tax charge or benefit by recording the change in either the net deferred income tax liability or asset balance for the year. The Company records a valuation allowance against any portion of those deferred income tax assets when it believes, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred income tax asset will not be realized. |
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Income from the Company’s subsidiaries in México are taxed at applicable Mexican tax law. |
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Use of Estimates |
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In order to prepare financial statement in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, management must make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and determines whether contingent assets and liabilities, if any, are disclosed in the financial statements. The ultimate resolution of issues requiring these estimates and assumptions could differ significantly from resolution currently anticipated by management and on which the financial statements are based. |
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Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
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ASC 220 “Comprehensive Income” establishes standards for reporting and display of comprehensive income and its components in a full set of general purpose financial statements. The Company’s comprehensive income consists of net income and other comprehensive income (loss), consisting of unrealized net gains and losses on the translation of the assets and liabilities of its foreign operations. For the periods ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the Company’s components of comprehensive income were foreign currency translation adjustments. |
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Revenue Recognition |
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The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with ASC 605-10, "Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements". Revenue is recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery or service has occurred, the sale price is fixed or determinable and receipt of payment is probable. Revenues earned from the sale of precious metal concentrates are recognized when both the buyer and seller agree on the % of gold as determined by sample assays and when it is delivered to the Buyer. Subsequently, a “final settlement” is calculated and any remaining balance is paid. |
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Stock-Based Compensation |
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The Company accounts for stock options at fair value as prescribed in ASC 718. The Company estimates the fair value of each stock option at the grant date by using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and provides for expense recognition over the service period, if any, of the stock option. |
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Per Share Amounts |
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Earnings per share are calculated in accordance with ASC 260 “Earnings per Share”. The weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each period is used to compute basic earnings (loss) per share. Diluted earnings per share are computed using the weighted average number of shares and potentially dilutive common shares outstanding. Potentially dilutive common shares are additional common shares assumed to be exercised. Potentially dilutive common shares consist of stock options and convertible preferred shares and convertible notes and are excluded from the diluted earnings per share computation in periods where the Company has incurred a net loss, as their effect would be considered anti-dilutive. |
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The Company had 1,259,650 warrants outstanding at December 31, 2014. The Company also had convertible debt instruments as of December 31, 2014. As the Company incurred a net loss during the period ended December 31, 2014, the basic and diluted loss per common share is the same amount, as any common stock equivalents would be considered anti-dilutive and, therefore, have been excluded from the computation. |
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Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements |
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Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit: In July 2013, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standard Update ("ASU") 2013-11 related to the presentation of an unrecognized tax benefit when a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss or a tax credit carryforward exists. The updated guidance requires an entity to net its unrecognized tax benefits against the deferred tax assets for the same jurisdiction's net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or tax credit carryforwards. A gross presentation will be required only if such carryforwards are not available or would not be used by the entity to settle any additional income taxes resulting from disallowance of the uncertain tax position. The update was effective prospectively for the Company's fiscal year beginning January 1, 2014. The new guidance affects disclosures only and the adoption had no impact on the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. |
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Foreign Currency Matters: In March 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-05 related to Foreign Currency Matters to clarify the treatment of cumulative translation adjustments when a parent sells a part or all of its investment in a foreign entity or no longer holds a controlling financial interest in a subsidiary or group of assets that is a business within a foreign entity. The updated guidance also resolves the diversity in practice for the treatment of business combinations achieved in stages in a foreign entity. The update was effective prospectively for the Company's fiscal year beginning January 1, 2014. The updated guidance had no impact on the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. |
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Presentation of Financial Statements—Going Concern—Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity's Ability to Continue as a Going Concern: In August 2014, ASC 205-40 guidance was amended to provide guidance about management's responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about an entity's ability to continue as a going concern and to provide related footnote disclosures. The amendments require management to assess an entity's ability to continue as a going concern by incorporating and expanding upon certain principles that are currently in U.S. auditing standards. Specifically, the amendments (1) provide a definition of the term substantial doubt, (2) require an evaluation every reporting period including interim periods, (3) provide principles for considering the mitigating effect of management's plans, (4) require certain disclosures when substantial doubt is alleviated as a result of consideration of management's plans, (5) require an express statement and other disclosures when substantial doubt is not alleviated, and (6) require an assessment for a period of one year after the date that the financial statements are issued (or available to be issued). The amendments in this update are effective for the Company's fiscal year ending December 31, 2016 and interim periods in the fiscal year ending December 31, 2017, with early application permitted. The Company is evaluating the effect that the updated standard will have on its consolidated financial statements. |
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Presentation of Financial Statements and Property, Plant and Equipment—Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Components of an Entity: In April 2014, ASC 205 and ASC 360 guidance was amended to change the requirements for reporting discontinued operations in ASC 205-20. A disposal of a component of an entity or a group of components of an entity is required to be reported in discontinued operations only if the disposal represents a strategic shift that has, or will have, a major effect on an entity's operations and financial results when any of the following occurs: (1) the component of an entity or group of components of an entity meets the criteria in ASC 205-20-45-1E to be classified as held for sale; (2) the component of an entity or group of components of an entity is disposed of by sale; or (3) the component of an entity or group of components of an entity is disposed of other than by sale. The update is effective prospectively for the Company's fiscal year beginning January 1, 2015. The new guidance is not expected to have an impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements. |
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Revenue from Contracts with Customers: In May 2014, ASC 606 was issued related to revenue from contracts with customers. Under this guidance, revenue is recognized when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration that is expected to be received for those goods or services. The updated standard will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance under GAAP when it becomes effective and permits the use of either the retrospective or cumulative effect transition method. Early adoption is not permitted. The standard will be effective for the Company's fiscal year beginning January 1, 2017, including interim reporting periods within that year. The Company is evaluating the effect that the updated standard will have on its consolidated financial statements. |
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Reclassifications/Revisions |
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Certain prior year balances have been reclassified in order to conform to current year presentation. Certain prior year amounts have been revised. See Note 13. |