Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block] | 3. Significant Accounting Policies Principles of Consolidation The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements of GlobalSCAPE, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiary (collectively referred to as the “Company” or “we”) are prepared in conformity with GAAP. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. Changes in Accounting Methods, Reclassifications and Revisions As part of our ongoing enhancement and refinement of our financial reporting to fairly present our results of operations and financial position, we may make changes from time-to-time in accounting methods and in the classification and presentation of our business activities in our financial statements. To ensure comparability between periods, we revise previous period financial statements presented to conform them to the method of presentation in our current period financial statements. If the changes increase or decrease previously reported amounts of revenue or expenses, we adjust retained earnings as of the beginning of the earliest period presented for the cumulative effect, if any, on that balance. If these changes affect our financial statements for previously reported interim periods not presented herein, we present revised financial statements for those periods when they are reported in the future. Method of Amortization of Deferred Revenue Related to M&S Contracts In previously issued financial statements, we amortized deferred revenue related to maintenance and support, or M&S, contracts by recording a full month of amortization in the first month of a contract. We used that method based on our intent to match revenue from our M&S contracts to the expense we incur when delivering M&S services. We acknowledge that the more common and widespread practice is to amortize deferred revenue based upon the specific number of days the M&S contract is in place during that month. Both methods result in the recognition of the same amount of revenue over the term of the M&S contract but yield differing amounts of revenue being recognized in the first month and last month of an M&S contract. Commencing with the issuance of our financial statements as of December 31, 2016, and for the year then ended, we changed our method of amortizing deferred revenue related to M&S contracts such that our consolidated statements of operations and balance sheets included herein are now prepared using the specific number of days method. This change decreased M&S revenue and net income for the three months ended March 31, 2016, as reported herein by immaterial amounts relative to amounts previously reported for that period. This change increased deferred revenue as of March 31, 2016, by an immaterial amount relative to the amount previously reported as of that date. This change has no effect on the total amount of revenue we will realize from our M&S contracts. Method of Recording M&S Billings We may invoice a customer for M&S to be provided commencing on a date in a month subsequent to the month in which we invoice the customer. We typically receive a purchase order from our customers for M&S prior to invoicing them, and it is not uncommon for a customer to pay us in advance of that M&S commencement date either on their own or when we request such payment. Accordingly, in our previously issued financial statements as of March 31, 2016, we recorded an account receivable and deferred revenue for these invoices as of the date of the invoice. Commencing with the preparation and issuance of our financial statements as of December 31, 2016, we determined that a reasonable, alternate and more conservative method would be to wait until the commencement date of the M&S contract had arrived to record the account receivable and deferred revenue for any such invoices for which we have not been paid as of the balance sheet date. Accordingly, our condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2016, included herein is now prepared and presented using that method. This change had the effect of decreasing our reported amounts of accounts receivable and deferred revenue relative to the method we previously used but does not affect any of our reported amounts of revenue or net income. Reclassification of Sales Engineer Expenses We employ sales engineers who assist our sales staff in addressing technical considerations by our customers prior to their purchasing our product. Our use of sales engineers has expanded in recent quarters. Prior to 2016, we classified the expense of sales engineers as part of costs of revenue – professional services. Commencing with the preparation and issuance of our financial statements as of December 31, 2016, we began classifying these expenses as part of sales and marketing expense to more appropriately present the current nature of the activities of our sales engineers. This change has the effect of decreasing cost of revenue – professional services and increasing sales and marketing expense. It does not affect any of our reported amounts of revenue or net income. Reclassification of Reserve for Uncertain Tax Position As described in Note 9, we maintain a reserve for uncertain tax positions. Previously, we classified that reserve as a current liability since it was not material to our financial statements taken as a whole. Commencing with the preparation of our financial statements as of December 31, 2016, we determined it appropriate to classify it as a component of other long term liabilities. This change has the effect of decreasing current income taxes payable and increasing other long term liabilities. Reclassification of Professional Services Revenue In preparing our condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income for the 2017 quarter, we changed the classification of certain revenue from M&S to professional services to better reflect the nature of that revenue. We have made the same reclassification in our condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income for the 2016 quarter presented herein. With respect to the above items, we have revised our financial statements as of March 31, 2016 and for the three months then ended. The following tables illustrate the effects of the above items on those previously issued financial statements: Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income (in thousands, except per share amounts) For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 Revision Related To As Previously Reported Change in Method of Deferred Revenue Amortization Reclassification of Sales Engineer Expenses Reclassification of Professional Service Revenue As Revised Operating revenues: Software licenses $ 2,299 $ 2,299 Maintenance and support 4,497 (23 ) (28 ) 4,446 Professional services 614 28 642 Total revenues 7,410 (23 ) - 7,387 Costs of revenues Software licenses 630 630 Maintenance and support 394 394 Professional services 569 (147 ) 422 Total costs of revenues 1,593 - (147 ) 1,446 Gross Profit 5,817 (23 ) 147 5,941 Operating expenses Sales and marketing 2,901 147 3,048 General and administrative 1,733 1,733 Research and development 627 627 Total operating expenses 5,261 - 147 5,408 Income from operations 556 (23 ) - 533 Other income (expense), net 33 33 Income before income taxes 589 (23 ) - 566 Income tax expense 182 (8 ) - 174 Net income $ 407 $ (15 ) $ - $ 392 Comprehensive income $ 407 $ (15 ) $ 392 Comprehensive income $ 407 $ (15 ) $ - $ 392 Net income per common share - basic $ 0.02 $ - $ - $ 0.02 Net income per common share - diluted $ 0.02 $ - $ - $ 0.02 Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (in thousands) As of March 31, 2016 Revision Related To As Previously Reported Change in Method of Deferred Revenue Amortization Change in Method of Recording M&S Billings Change in Classification of Reserve for Uncertain Tax Position As Assets Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents $ 16,324 $ 16,324 Short term investments 3,270 3,270 Accounts receivable, net 5,340 $ (423 ) 4,917 Federal income tax receivable 35 $ 362 397 Prepaid and other expenses 477 477 Total current assets 25,446 362 (423 ) - 25,385 Long term investments Property and equipment, net 517 517 Capitalized software development costs, net 4,040 4,040 Goodwill 12,712 12,712 Deferred tax asset, net 959 959 Other assets 38 38 Total assets $ 43,712 $ 362 $ (423 ) $ - $ 43,651 Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity Current liabilities: Accounts payable 489 489 Accrued expenses 1,621 1,621 Deferred revenue 11,672 (29 ) 347 11,990 Income taxes payable 34 62 (96 ) - Total current liabilities 13,816 33 347 (96 ) 14,100 Deferred revenue, non-current portion 3,718 68 76 3,862 Other long term liabilities 41 96 137 Stockholders' Equity: Preferred stock - - Common stock 21 21 Additional paid-in capital 19,930 19,930 Treasury stock (1,452 ) (1,452 ) Retained earnings 7,638 (585 ) 7,053 Total stockholders’ equity 26,137 (585 ) 25,552 Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 43,712 $ (484 ) $ 423 $ - $ 43,651 Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (in thousands) For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 As Previously Reported Change in Method of Deferred Revenue Amortization Change in Method of Recording M&S Billings Change in Classification of Reserve for Uncertain Tax Position As Adjusted Operating Activities: Net income $ 407 (15 ) $ 392 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: Bad debt expense 43 43 Depreciation and amortization 501 501 Stock-based compensation 222 222 Deferred taxes (19 ) (19 ) Excess tax deficiency from exercise of share based compensation (3 ) (3 ) Subtotal before changes in operating assets and liabilities 1,151 (15 ) - - 1,136 Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Accounts receivable 698 218 916 Prepaid expenses 34 34 Federal income taxes 165 (9 ) (6 ) 150 Accrued interest receivable (16 ) (16 ) Other assets 22 22 Accounts payable (350 ) (350 ) Accrued expenses (272 ) (272 ) Deferred revenues (222 ) (412 ) 218 (416 ) Other long-term liabilities (3 ) 6 3 Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities 1,207 (436 ) 436 - 1,207 Investing Activities: Software development costs (488 ) (488 ) Purchase of property and equipment (90 ) (90 ) Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities (578 ) - - - (578 ) Financing Activities: Proceeds from exercise of stock options 122 122 Tax deficiency (benefit) from stock-based compensation 3 3 Dividends paid (315 ) (315 ) Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities (190 ) - - - (190 ) Net increase (decrease) in cash 439 439 Cash at beginning of period 15,885 - - - 15,885 Cash at end of period $ 16,324 $ - $ - $ - $ 16,324 Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: Cash paid during the period for: Interest $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Income taxes $ 22 $ - $ - $ - $ 22 Revenue Recognition We develop, market and sell software products. We recognize revenue from a sale transaction when the following conditions are met: · Persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists. · Delivery has occurred or services have been rendered. · The amount of the sale is fixed or determinable. · Collection of the sale amount is reasonably assured. For a sale transaction not meeting any one of these four criteria, we defer recognition of revenue related to that transaction until all the criteria are met. We earn the majority of our software license revenue from software products sold under perpetual software license agreements. At the time our customers purchase these products, they typically also purchase an M&S contract. These transactions are multiple element software sales for which we assess the presence of vendor specific objective evidence (“VSOE”) of the fair value of the undelivered elements to determine the portion of these sales to recognize as revenue upon delivery of the software product and the portion of these sales to record as deferred revenue at the time the product is delivered. We amortize the deferred revenue component to revenue in future periods as we deliver the related future services to the customer. For transactions, if any, for which we cannot establish VSOE of the fair value of the undelivered elements, we initially record the entire transaction as deferred revenue and amortize that amount to revenue in future periods as we deliver the related future services to the customer. We provide services under M&S contracts with terms generally ranging from one to three years. We require up-front payment of our M&S fee in an amount that covers the entire term of the agreement. We record as deferred revenue amounts due or paid that relate to future periods during which we will provide the M&S service. Deferred revenue related to services we will deliver within one year is presented as a current liability while deferred revenue related to services that we will deliver more than one year into the future is presented as a non-current liability. We reduce deferred revenue and recognize revenue ratably in future periods as we deliver the M&S service. For our products licensed and delivered under a software-as-a-service, or SaaS, transaction on a monthly or other periodic subscription basis, we recognize subscription revenue, including initial setup fees, on a monthly basis ratably over the contractual term of the customer contract as we deliver our products and services. Amounts paid prior to this revenue recognition are presented as deferred revenue until earned. We provide professional services to our customers consisting primarily of software installation support, operations support and training. We recognize revenue from these services as they are completed and accepted by our customers. We collect sales tax on many of our sales. We do not include sales tax collected in our revenue. We record it as a liability payable to taxing authorities. Cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents includes all cash and highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. Property and Equipment Property and equipment is comprised of furniture and fixtures, software, computer equipment and leasehold improvements which are recorded at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives. Furniture, fixtures and equipment have a useful life of five to seven years, computer equipment and software have a useful life of three years and leasehold improvements have a useful life that is the shorter of the term of the lease under which the improvements were made or the estimated useful life of the asset. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. Goodwill Goodwill is not amortized. On at least an annual basis, we test goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level using December 31 as the measurement date. We operate as a single reporting unit. When testing goodwill, we first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not (that is, a likelihood of more than 50 percent) that the fair value of our reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, including goodwill. In performing this qualitative assessment, we assess events and circumstances relevant to us including, but not limited to: • Macroeconomic conditions. • Industry and market considerations. • Cost factors and trends for labor and other expenses of operating our business. • Our overall financial performance and outlook for the future. • Trends in the quoted market value and trading of our common stock. In considering these and other factors, we consider the extent to which any adverse events and circumstances identified could affect the comparison of our reporting unit’s fair value with its carrying amount. We place more weight on events and circumstances that most affect our reporting unit’s fair value or the carrying amount of our net assets. We consider positive and mitigating events and circumstances that may affect our determination of whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of our reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. We evaluate, on the basis of the weight of the evidence, the significance of all identified events and circumstances in the context of determining whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of our reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If, after assessing the totality of these qualitative events and circumstances, we determine it is not more likely than not that the fair value of our reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, we conclude there is no impairment of goodwill and perform no further testing in accordance with GAAP. If we conclude otherwise, we proceed with performing the first step, and if necessary, the second step, of the two-step goodwill impairment test prescribed by GAAP. As of December 31, 2016, after assessing the totality of the relevant events and circumstances, we determined it not more likely than not that the fair value of our reporting unit was less than its carrying amount. Accordingly, we concluded there was no impairment of goodwill as of that date. There have been no material events or changes in circumstances since that time indicating that the carrying amount of goodwill may exceed its fair market value and that interim testing needed to be performed. Capitalized Software Development Costs When we complete research and development for a software product and have in place a program plan and a detail program design or a working model of that software product, we capitalize production costs incurred for that software product from that point forward until it is ready for general release to the public. Thereafter, we amortize capitalized software production costs to expense using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of that product, which is generally three years. We periodically assess the carrying value of capitalized software development costs and our method of amortizing them relative to our estimates of realizability through sales of products in the marketplace. Research and Development We expense research and development costs as incurred. Advertising Expense We expense advertising costs as incurred as a component of our sales and marketing expenses. Advertising expense was $455,080 and $407,441 in the 2017 quarter and the 2016 quarter, respectively. Share-Based Compensation We measure the cost of share-based payment transactions at the grant date based on the calculated fair value of the award. We recognize this cost as an expense ratably over the recipient’s requisite service period during which that award vests or becomes unrestricted. For stock option awards, we estimate their fair value at the grant date using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model considering the following factors: • We estimate expected volatility based on historical volatility of our common stock. • We use primarily the simplified method to derive an expected term which represents an estimate of the time options are expected to remain outstanding. We use this method because our options are plain-vanilla options, and we believe our historical option exercise experience is not adequately indicative of our future expectations. • We base the risk-free rate for periods within the contractual life of the option on the U.S. treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. • We estimate a dividend yield based on our historical and expected future dividend payments. For restricted stock awards, we use the quoted price of our common stock on the grant date as the fair value of the award. Income Taxes We account for income taxes using the asset and liability method. We record deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the difference between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amount for financial reporting purposes, as measured by the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are carried on the balance sheet with the presumption that they will be realizable in future periods in which we generate taxable income. We assess the likelihood that deferred tax assets will be realized from future taxable income. Based on this assessment, we provide any necessary valuation allowance on our balance sheet with a corresponding increase in the tax provision on our statement of operations. Any valuation allowances we establish are determined based upon a number of assumptions, judgments, and estimates, including forecasted earnings, future taxable income, and the relative proportions of revenue and income before taxes in the various domestic jurisdictions in which we operate. We account for uncertainty in income taxes using a two-step process to determine the amount of tax benefit to be recognized. First, we evaluate the tax position to determine the likelihood that it will be sustained upon external examination. If the tax position is deemed “more-likely-than-not” to be sustained, we assess the tax position to determine the amount of benefit to recognize in the financial statements. The amount of the benefit we recognize is the largest amount that we believe has a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Unrecognized tax benefits represent tax positions for which reserves have been established. Earnings Per Share We compute basic earnings per share using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the periods. We compute diluted earnings per share using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding plus the number of common shares that would be issued assuming conversion of all potentially dilutive common shares outstanding. Awards of non-vested restricted stock and options are considered potentially dilutive common shares for the purpose of computing earnings per common share. We apply the treasury stock method to non-vested options under which the assumed proceeds include the amount the employee must pay to exercise the option plus the amount of unrecognized cost attributable to future periods less any expected tax benefits. Recent accounting pronouncements ASU 2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (issued January 2017) - ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows – Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (issued June 2016) - ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (issued June 2016) ASU 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting (issued March 2016) – This standard also permits an accounting policy election for the impact of forfeitures on the recognition of expense for share-based payment awards. Forfeitures may be either estimated (as has been the requirement in the past) or recognized when they occur. We elected to continue estimating forfeitures consistent with our existing practices thereby resulting in no change to our application of GAAP for this aspect of computing share-based compensation. ASU 2016-02, Leases (issued February 2016) - ASU 2015-17, Income Tax: Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes (issued November 2015) ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (issued May 2014) We believe the application of ASU 2014-09 will result in a change in the manner in which we record sales commission expense related to M&S contracts. Currently, we record the full amount of the sales commission paid on the full value of an M&S contract as an expense on the inception date of the M&S contract. We believe that under ASU 2014-09, we will record that commission expense ratably over the term of the M&S contract. We are in the process of quantifying the effect this change will have on our financial statements. Use of Estimates The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires the use of estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities known to exist as of the date the financial statements are published, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Uncertainties with respect to such estimates and assumptions are inherent in the preparation of the Company’s financial statements. It is possible that the actual results could differ from these estimates and assumptions, which could have a material effect on the reported amounts of the Company’s financial position and results of operation. |