other national or global political or economic developments. Therefore, adverse changes in exchange rates may result in reduced returns for the Securities.]
♦[Risks associated with non-U.S. securities markets — The Securities are linked to the American depositary receipts of a non-U.S. company. Because non-U.S. equity securities underlying the American depositary receipts may be publicly traded in the applicable non-U.S. countries and are denominated in currencies other than U.S. dollars, investments in Securities linked to American depositary receipts involve particular risks. For example, the non-U.S. securities markets may be more volatile than the U.S. securities markets, and market developments may affect these markets differently from the United States or other securities markets. Direct or indirect government intervention to stabilize the securities markets outside the United States, as well as cross-shareholdings in certain companies, may affect trading prices and trading volumes in those markets. Also, the public availability of information concerning the non-U.S. issuers may vary depending on their home jurisdiction and the reporting requirements imposed by their respective regulators. In addition, the non-U.S. issuers may be subject to accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and requirements that differ from those applicable to United States reporting companies. Securities prices generally are subject to political, economic, financial and social factors that apply to the markets in which they trade and, to a lesser extent, non-U.S. markets. Securities prices outside the United States are subject to political, economic, financial and social factors that apply in non-U.S. countries. These factors, which could negatively affect non-U.S. securities markets, include the possibility of changes in a non-U.S. government’s economic and fiscal policies, the possible imposition of, or changes in, currency exchange laws or other laws or restrictions applicable to non-U.S. companies or investments in non-U.S. equity securities and the possibility of fluctuations in the rate of exchange between currencies. Moreover, non-U.S. economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the United States economy in important respects such as growth of gross national product, rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resources and self-sufficiency.
Non-U.S. securities may also be subject to regulatory risks, including sanctions. For instance, pursuant to U.S. executive orders, U.S. persons are prohibited from engaging in transactions in publicly traded securities of certain companies that are determined to be linked to the military, intelligence and security apparatus of the People’s Republic of China. The prohibition also covers any securities that are derivative of, or are designed to provide investment exposure to, such securities. Additionally, due to regulatory and market reasons, trading in certain Russian securities, and ETFs investing in Russian securities, has been suspended. Actions taken by a sponsor of a target index of an ETF or underlying asset issuer of an ETF in response to any such developments could adversely affect the performance of the target index and underlying asset and, as a result, the market value of, and return on the Securities. Additionally, following certain events, if the calculation agent determines that a change in law has occurred with respect to an underlying asset, the calculation agent may take the actions described in the accompanying product supplement under “General Terms of the Securities — Delisting of, Suspension of Trading in, or Change in Law Affecting, an Underlying Equity”.]
♦[There are important differences between the American depositary receipts and the ordinary shares of a non-U.S. company — The Securities are linked to the American depositary receipts of a non-U.S. company. There are important differences between the rights of holders of American depositary receipts and the rights of holders of the ordinary shares. The American depositary receipts are issued pursuant to a deposit agreement, which sets forth the rights and responsibilities of the depositary, the non-U.S. company, and holders of the American depositary receipts, which may be different from the rights of holders of the ordinary shares. For example, a company may make distributions in respect of ordinary shares that are not passed on to the holders of its American depositary receipts. Any such differences between the rights of holders of the American depositary receipts and the rights of holders of the ordinary shares of the non-U.S. company may be significant and may materially and adversely affect the value of the American depositary receipts and, as a result, the value of, and any amounts payable on, your Securities.]
♦[Risks associated with non-U.S. companies — The Securities are linked to the common stock of a non-U.S. company that is listed on a U.S. exchange. An investment in the Securities linked to the value of non-U.S. companies involves risks associated with the home country of such non-U.S. company. The prices of such non-U.S. company’s common stock may be affected by political, economic, financial and social factors in the home country of such non-U.S. company, including changes in such country’s government, economic and fiscal policies, currency exchange laws or other laws or restrictions, which could affect the value of, and any amounts payable on, the Securities.]
♦[Risks associated with emerging market companies — The underlying asset issuer is a company organized in an emerging market country. Securities of emerging market companies may be more volatile and may be affected by market developments differently than U.S. companies. Government interventions to stabilize securities markets and cross-shareholdings may affect prices and volume of trading of the securities of emerging market companies. Economic, social, political, financial and military factors could, in turn, negatively affect such companies’ value. These factors could include changes in the emerging market government’s economic and fiscal policies, possible imposition of, or changes in, currency exchange laws or other laws or restrictions applicable to the emerging market companies or investments in their securities, and the possibility of fluctuations in the rate of exchange between currencies. Moreover, emerging market economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S. economy in a variety of ways, including growth of gross national product, rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resources and self-sufficiency. You should carefully consider the risks related to emerging markets, to which the Securities are susceptible, before making a decision to invest in the Securities.]
♦[[The value of the underlying asset may not completely track the value of the securities, futures contracts or physical commodities in which such ETF invests — Although the trading characteristics and valuations of the underlying asset will usually mirror the characteristics and valuations of the securities, futures contracts or physical commodities in which such ETF invests, its value may not completely track the value of such securities, futures contracts or physical commodities. The value of the underlying asset will reflect transaction costs and fees that the securities, futures contracts or physical commodities in which that ETF invests do not have. In addition, although the underlying asset may be currently listed for trading on an exchange, there is no assurance that an active trading market will continue for such underlying asset or that there will be liquidity in the trading market. ]]
♦[[Fluctuation of NAV — The net asset value (the “NAV”) of an ETF may fluctuate with changes in the market value of such ETF’s securities, futures contracts or physical commodities holdings. The market prices of the underlying asset may fluctuate in accordance with changes in NAV and supply and demand on the applicable stock exchanges. In addition, the market price of the underlying asset may differ from its NAV per share; the underlying asset may trade at a price at, above or less than its NAV per share.]]
♦[[Failure of the underlying asset to track the level of the target index — While the underlying asset is designed and intended to track the level of a specific index (a “target index”), various factors, including fees and other transaction costs, will prevent the underlying asset from correlating exactly with changes in the level of such target index. Accordingly, the performance of the underlying asset will not be equal to the performance of its target index during the term of the Securities.]]