SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
xQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2010
OR
¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission File number 000-51358
Kenexa Corporation
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
Pennsylvania (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | 23-3024013 (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) |
650 East Swedesford Road, Wayne, PA (Address of Principal Executive Offices) | 19087 (Zip Code) |
Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code: (610) 971-9171
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ¨ No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large Accelerated Filer ¨ Accelerated Filer x Non-accelerated Filer ¨ Smaller reporting company ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes ¨ No x
On May 4, 2010, 22,594,347 shares of the registrant’s Common Stock, $0.01 par value, were outstanding.
1
Kenexa Corporation and Subsidiaries
FORM 10-Q
Quarter Ended March 31, 2010
PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION | Page | |
Item I: Financial Statements | ||
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Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2010 and 2009 (unaudited) | 4 | |
5 | ||
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2010 and 2009 (unaudited) | 6 | |
7 | ||
32 | ||
49 | ||
49 | ||
PART II: OTHER INFORMATION | ||
50 | ||
51 | ||
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53 | ||
PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1: Financial Statements
Kenexa Corporation and Subsidiaries
(In thousands, except share data)
March 31, 2010 | December 31, 2009 | |||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||
Assets | ||||||||
Current Assets | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 38,302 | $ | 29,221 | ||||
Short-term investments | 24,252 | 29,570 | ||||||
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $2,019 and $2,090, respectively | 26,082 | 26,782 | ||||||
Unbilled receivables | 3,355 | 4,457 | ||||||
Income tax receivable | 1,630 | 1,704 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes | 7,926 | 8,685 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 9,844 | 8,428 | ||||||
Total Current Assets | 111,391 | 108,847 | ||||||
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation | 19,462 | 19,530 | ||||||
Software, net of accumulated amortization | 18,148 | 17,337 | ||||||
Goodwill | 3,664 | 3,204 | ||||||
Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization | 7,963 | 9,143 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes, non-current | 34,911 | 34,879 | ||||||
Other long-term assets | 10,121 | 9,403 | ||||||
Total assets | $ | 205,660 | $ | 202,343 | ||||
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity | ||||||||
Current liabilities | ||||||||
Accounts payable | $ | 5,644 | $ | 5,727 | ||||
Notes payable, current | 6 | 16 | ||||||
Commissions payable | 1,127 | 671 | ||||||
Accrued compensation and benefits | 3,284 | 4,820 | ||||||
Other accrued liabilities | 6,192 | 6,376 | ||||||
Deferred revenue | 54,504 | 49,964 | ||||||
Capital lease obligations | 208 | 211 | ||||||
Total current liabilities | 70,965 | 67,785 | ||||||
Capital lease obligations, less current portion | 208 | 259 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes | 226 | 850 | ||||||
Other liabilities | 1,979 | 1,981 | ||||||
Total liabilities | 73,378 | 70,875 | ||||||
Commitments and Contingencies | ||||||||
Temporary Equity | ||||||||
Noncontrolling interest | 1,393 | 1,330 | ||||||
Shareholders' Equity | ||||||||
Preferred stock, par value $0.01; 10,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued�� or outstanding | — | — | ||||||
Common stock, par value $0.01; 100,000,000 shares authorized; 22,593,922 and 22,561,883 shares issued and outstanding, respectively | 226 | 226 | ||||||
Additional paid-in-capital | 276,616 | 275,127 | ||||||
Accumulated deficit | (141,730 | ) | (141,712 | ) | ||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (4,223 | ) | (3,503 | ) | ||||
Total shareholders' equity | 130,889 | 130,138 | ||||||
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity | $ | 205,660 | $ | 202,343 |
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
Kenexa Corporation and Subsidiaries
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
(unaudited)
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Revenues: | ||||||||
Subscription | $ | 33,252 | $ | 33,265 | ||||
Other | 6,412 | 5,566 | ||||||
Total revenues | 39,664 | 38,831 | ||||||
Cost of revenues | 13,811 | 13,696 | ||||||
Gross profit | 25,853 | 25,135 | ||||||
Operating expenses: | ||||||||
Sales and marketing | 9,640 | 8,705 | ||||||
General and administrative | 9,831 | 10,873 | ||||||
Research and development | 2,284 | 2,568 | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 4,036 | 3,228 | ||||||
Goodwill impairment charge | — | 33,329 | ||||||
Total operating expenses | 25,791 | 58,703 | ||||||
Income (loss) from operations | 62 | (33,568 | ) | |||||
Interest income | 146 | 63 | ||||||
Loss on change in fair market value of ARS and put option, net | (31 | ) | (295 | ) | ||||
Income (loss) before income taxes | 177 | (33,800 | ) | |||||
Income tax expense | 133 | 482 | ||||||
Net income (loss) | 44 | (34,282 | ) | |||||
Income allocated to noncontrolling interests | (62 | ) | — | |||||
Net loss allocable to common shareholders | $ | (18 | ) | $ | (34,282 | ) | ||
Basic net loss per share | $ | 0.00 | $ | (1.52 | ) | |||
Weighted average shares used to compute net loss allocable to common shareholders per share – basic | 22,577,266 | 22,509,304 | ||||||
Diluted net loss per share | $ | 0.00 | $ | (1.52 | ) | |||
Weighted average shares used to compute net loss allocable to common shareholders per share – diluted | 22,577,266 | 22,509,304 |
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
Kenexa Corporation and Subsidiaries
(in thousands)
Common stock | Additional paid-in capital | Accumulated deficit | Accumulated other comprehensive loss | Total shareholders' equity | Comprehensive loss | |||||||||||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2008 | $ | 225 | $ | 269,365 | $ | (110,633 | ) | $ | (2,421 | ) | $ | 156,536 | $ | (108,520 | ) | |||||||
Loss on currency translation adjustments | — | — | — | (925 | ) | (925 | ) | (925 | ) | |||||||||||||
Unrealized loss on short-term investments | — | — | — | (157 | ) | (157 | ) | (157 | ) | |||||||||||||
Share-based compensation expense | — | 5,364 | — | — | 5,364 | — | ||||||||||||||||
Option exercises | — | 70 | — | — | 70 | — | ||||||||||||||||
Employee stock purchase plan | 1 | 328 | — | — | 329 | — | ||||||||||||||||
Income allocated to noncontrolling interest | — | — | (61 | ) | — | (61 | ) | (61 | ) | |||||||||||||
Net loss | — | — | (31,018 | ) | — | (31,018 | ) | (31,018 | ) | |||||||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2009 | 226 | 275,127 | (141,712 | ) | (3,503 | ) | 130,138 | (32,161 | ) | |||||||||||||
Loss on currency translation adjustments | — | — | — | (602 | ) | (602 | ) | (602 | ) | |||||||||||||
Unrealized loss on short-term investments | — | — | — | (118 | ) | (118 | ) | (118 | ) | |||||||||||||
Share-based compensation expense | — | 1,291 | — | — | 1,291 | — | ||||||||||||||||
Option exercises | — | 102 | — | — | 102 | — | ||||||||||||||||
Employee stock purchase plan | — | 96 | — | — | 96 | — | ||||||||||||||||
Income allocated to noncontrolling interest | — | — | (62 | ) | — | (62 | ) | (62 | ) | |||||||||||||
Net income | — | — | 44 | — | 44 | 44 | ||||||||||||||||
Balance, March 31, 2010 (unaudited) | $ | 226 | $ | 276,616 | $ | (141,730 | ) | $ | (4,223 | ) | $ | 130,889 | $ | (738 | ) |
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
Kenexa Corporation and Subsidiaries
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
Three months ended March 31, | ||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Cash flows from operating activities | ||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 44 | $ | (34,282 | ) | |||
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities | ||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 4,036 | 3,228 | ||||||
Loss on disposal of property and equipment | 34 | — | ||||||
Loss on change in fair market value of ARS and put option, net | 31 | 295 | ||||||
Goodwill impairment charge | — | 33,329 | ||||||
Share-based compensation expense | 1,291 | 1,245 | ||||||
Amortization of deferred financing costs | — | 75 | ||||||
Bad debt recoveries | (41 | ) | (45 | ) | ||||
Deferred income tax expense (benefit) | 143 | (825 | ) | |||||
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of business combinations | ||||||||
Accounts and unbilled receivables | 1,362 | 5,239 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | (1,859 | ) | (1,083 | ) | ||||
Income taxes receivable | 74 | 36 | ||||||
Other long-term assets | (821 | ) | 332 | |||||
Accounts payable | (80 | ) | (715 | ) | ||||
Accrued compensation and other accrued liabilities | (523 | ) | (338 | ) | ||||
Commissions payable | 460 | (180 | ) | |||||
Deferred revenue | 4,655 | 2,569 | ||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | 8,806 | 8,880 | ||||||
Cash flows from investing activities | ||||||||
Capitalized software and purchases of property and equipment | (3,581 | ) | (2,997 | ) | ||||
Purchase of available-for-sale securities | (730 | ) | (845 | ) | ||||
Sale of available-for-sale securities | 2,255 | 1,203 | ||||||
Sale of trading securities | 4,050 | 1,150 | ||||||
Acquisitions and variable interest entity, net of cash acquired | (1,635 | ) | (1,730 | ) | ||||
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | 359 | (3,219 | ) | |||||
Cash flows from financing activities | ||||||||
Repayments of notes payable | (9 | ) | (8 | ) | ||||
Repayment of capital lease obligations | (54 | ) | (53 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from common stock issued through Employee Stock Purchase Plan | 96 | 78 | ||||||
Net proceeds from option exercises | 102 | — | ||||||
Net cash provided by financing activities | 135 | 17 | ||||||
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | (219 | ) | (375 | ) | ||||
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | 9,081 | 5,303 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 29,221 | 21,742 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 38,302 | $ | 27,045 | ||||
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information | ||||||||
Cash paid during the period for: | ||||||||
Interest expense | $ | 4 | $ | 15 | ||||
Income taxes | $ | 272 | $ | 925 |
See notes to consolidated financial statements
Kenexa Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Unaudited
(All amounts in thousands, except share and per share data, unless noted otherwise)
1. Organization
Kenexa Corporation, and its subsidiaries (collectively the "Company" or “Kenexa”), commenced operations in 1987 as a provider of recruiting services to a wide variety of industries. In 1993, the Company offered its first automated talent management system. Between 1994 to 2009 the Company acquired 28 businesses that enabled it to offer comprehensive human capital management, or HCM, services integrated with web-based technology. The Company’s business solutions include a comprehensive suite of on-demand software applications and complementary services, including outsourcing services and consulting, to help global organizations recruit high performing individuals and to foster optimal work environments to increase employee productivity and retention.
The Company began its operations in 1987 under its predecessor companies, Insurance Services, Inc., or ISI, and International Holding Company, Inc., or IHC. In December 1999, the Company reorganized its corporate structure by merging ISI and IHC with and into Raymond Karsan Associates, Inc., or RKA, a Pennsylvania corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Raymond Karsan Holdings, Inc., or RKH, a Pennsylvania corporation. Each of RKA and RKH were newly created to consolidate the businesses of ISI and IHC. In April 2000, the Company changed its name to TalentPoint, Inc. and changed the name of RKA to TalentPoint Technologies, Inc. In November 2000, the Company changed its name to Kenexa Corporation, and changed the name of TalentPoint Technologies, Inc. to Kenexa Technology, Inc., or Kenexa Technology. Currently, Kenexa transacts business primarily through Kenexa Technology. While the Company has several product lines, our chief decision makers determine resource allocation decisions and assess and evaluate periodic performance under one operating segment.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
In June 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Codification 2009-01, “Amendments based on Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 168 - The FASB Accounting Standards Codification™ and the Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles,” to codify in ASC 105, “Generally Accepted Accounting Principles,” FASB Statement 168, “The FASB Accounting Standards Codification™ and the Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles,” which was issued to establish the Codification as the sole source of authoritative U.S. GAAP recognized by the FASB, excluding SEC guidance, to be applied by nongovernmental entities. The guidance in ASC 105 is effective for financial statements issued for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009. The Company has revised its references to pre-Codification GAAP and noted no impact on the financial condition or results of operations of the Company.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2010 and for the three months ended March 31, 2010 and 2009 have been prepared by the Company without audit. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (which include only normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the financial position and the results of operations and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2010 and 2009 have been made. The results for the three months ended March 31, 2010 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ended December 31, 2010 or for any other interim period. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the Company’s annual consolidated financial statements have been condensed or omitted and, accordingly, the accompanying financial information should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission for the year ended December 31, 2009.
Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements of the Company include the accounts of Kenexa Corporation and its subsidiaries and Variable Interest Entity as described in Footnote 5 – Variable Interest Entity in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Kenexa Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Unaudited (Continued)
(All amounts in thousands, except share and per share data, unless noted otherwise)
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and such differences may be material to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior period consolidated financial statements to conform to the current period presentation. Reclassifications to the March 31, 2009 consolidated cash flow statement include a transfer of $15 relating to accounts and unbilled receivables to bad debt recoveries.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The carrying amounts of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, short-term investments, put option and accounts payable at March 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009 approximate fair value of these instruments.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments which potentially expose the Company to concentration of credit risk consist primarily of accounts receivable and the UBS Settlement Agreement. Credit risk arising from receivables is mitigated due to the large number of customers comprising the Company's customer base and their dispersion across various industries. The Company does not require collateral. The customers are concentrated primarily in the Company's U.S. market area. At March 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009, there were no customers that represented more than 10% of the net accounts receivable balance. For the three months ended March 31, 2010 and 2009, there were no customers that individually exceeded 10% of the Company's revenues.
As discussed in Footnote 3 – Investments of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, the Company has the right to sell its auction rate securities back to UBS AG. The ability of the Company to sell those securities is dependent on the liquidity of UBS at the time of the sale.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments with remaining maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase. Cash which is restricted for lease deposits is included in other assets. Cash balances are maintained at several banks. Accounts located in the United States are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") up to $100 (which has been temporarily increased to $250 through December 31, 2013). Certain operating cash accounts may periodically exceed the FDIC limits.
Cash and cash equivalents in foreign denominated currencies which are held in foreign banks totaled $17,736 and $7,994 and represented 46.3% and 27.4% of our total cash and cash equivalents balance at March 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively.
Kenexa Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Unaudited (Continued)
(All amounts in thousands, except share and per share data, unless noted otherwise)
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
Foreign Currency Translation
The financial position and operating results of the Company’s foreign operations are consolidated using the local currency as the functional currency. Local currency assets and liabilities are translated at the rate of exchange to the U.S. dollar on the balance sheet date, and the local currency revenues and expenses are translated at average rates of exchange to the U.S. dollar during the period. The operations of the variable interest entity in China are translated from Chinese renminbis, which is approximately 6.8 renminbis to one U.S. dollar. The related translation adjustments are reported in the shareholders' equity section of the balance sheet and resulted in a net reduction in shareholders' equity of $602 and $925 for the periods ended March 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively. The foreign currency translation adjustment is not adjusted for income taxes as it relates to an indefinite investment in a non-U.S. subsidiary.
Comprehensive loss
Comprehensive loss consists of net gains and losses on foreign currency translations, net unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale investment securities, net income allocated to noncontrolling interests and reported net income or loss and is reported on the accompanying consolidated statement of shareholders' equity. Comprehensive loss as of March 31, 2010 and 2009 was $738 and $36,669, respectively.
Investments
Investments at March 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009 include floating rate letter of credit backed securities, municipal bonds and auction rate securities. The maturities of these securities may range from 1 day to approximately 1 year and are rated A, AA and AAA by various rating agencies. Certain investments are recorded at fair value based on current market rates and are classified as available-for-sale. Changes in the fair value are included in accumulated other comprehensive loss in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. Other investments, which include auction rate securities are recorded at fair value using a discounted cash flow model and are classified as trading securities. Changes in the fair value are included in the statement of operations in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. Both the cost and realized gains and losses of these securities are calculated using the specific identification method.
Investment income
Investment income includes changes in the fair value of auction rate securities and put option related to the UBS Settlement Agreement. See Footnote 3 – Investments of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further details.
Kenexa Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Unaudited (Continued)
(All amounts in thousands, except share and per share data, unless noted otherwise)
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
Software Developed for Internal Use
In accordance with FASB ASC 605, “Revenue Recognition-Multiple Element Arrangements,” the Company applies FASB ASC 350, “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other, Internal-Use Software.” The costs incurred in the preliminary stages of development are expensed as incurred. Once an application has reached the development stage, internal and external costs, if direct and incremental, are capitalized until the software is substantially complete and ready for its intended use. Capitalization ceases upon completion of all substantial testing. The Company also capitalizes costs related to specific upgrades and enhancements when it is probable the expenditures will result in additional functionality. Maintenance and training costs are expensed as incurred. Internal use software is amortized on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life, generally three years. Management evaluates the useful lives of these assets on an annual basis and tests for impairments whenever events or changes in circumstances occur that could impact the recoverability of these assets. There were no impairments to internal software in any of the periods covered in these consolidated financial statements.
The Company capitalized internal-use software costs for the three month period of March 31, 2010 and the year ended December 31, 2009 of $2,658 and $9,665, respectively. Amortization of capitalized internal-use software costs for the three months ended March 31, 2010 and 2009 was $1,509 and $546, respectively.
Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets
Prepaid expenses and other current assets as of March 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009 are as follows:
March 31, 2010 | December 31, 2009 | |||||
Prepaid expenses | $ | 5,833 | $ | 4,845 | ||
Deferred implementation costs | 2,407 | 2,096 | ||||
UBS Settlement Agreement | 968 | 1,374 | ||||
Other current assets | 636 | 113 | ||||
Total current assets | $ | 9,844 | $ | 8,428 |
Deferred implementation costs represent internal payroll and other costs incurred in connection with the configuration of the sites associated with our internet hosting arrangements. Prior to our adoption of ASU 2009-13 on January 1, 2010 (see revenue recognition accounting policy for implementation service revenue), these costs were deferred over the implementation period which precedes the hosting period, typically three to four months, and were expensed ratably when the hosting period commences, typically four to five years. The remaining deferred costs at March 31, 2010 relate to implementations which commenced prior to the adoption of ASU 2009-13 and will continue to be deferred until such time as the hosting or license period for those specific contracts commences, at which time these costs will be expensed over the hosting period in accordance with our previous accounting policy. Implementation costs related to contracts signed or modified after January 1, 2010, our date of adoption of ASU 2009-13, will be expensed as incurred to be consistent with our new accounting policy related to implementation service revenue. During the three months ended March 31, 2010, approximately $481 of previously deferred costs were expensed as the implementation revenue related to that contract is now being recognized in accordance with our new revenue recognition policy as a material modification of that contract also occurred during the quarter.
Other Long-Term Assets
Other long-term assets as of March 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009 are as follows:
March 31, 2010 | December 31, 2009 | |||||
Acquisition related escrow balances (1) | $ | 1,331 | $ | 1,397 | ||
Security deposits | 1,574 | 1,529 | ||||
Deferred implementation costs | 6,140 | 6,263 | ||||
Other long-term assets | 1,076 | 214 | ||||
Total other long-term assets | $ | 10,121 | $ | 9,403 |
(1) | Upon completion of the escrow term and settlement of any outstanding claims, all remaining escrow balances are reclassified to additional purchase price consideration for the respective acquisition. |
Kenexa Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Unaudited (Continued)
(All amounts in thousands, except share and per share data, unless noted otherwise)
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
Goodwill
Since 2002, the Company has recorded goodwill in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC, 350, “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other,” which discontinued the amortization of existing goodwill and instead requires the Company to annually review the carrying value of goodwill for impairment. Prior to 2007, the Company evaluated the carrying value of its goodwill under two reporting units within its single segment. During 2007, the Company combined those two reporting units into a single reporting unit to be in alignment with its organizational and management structure which was evaluated and restructured as part of the integration of our acquired businesses. As a result, in 2007 and 2008 goodwill was evaluated at the enterprise or Company level. Following its investment in the variable interest entity in China in 2009, the Company reverted back to evaluating the carrying value of goodwill under two reporting units within a single segment. The Company conducted its 2009 annual evaluation of goodwill for impairment and determined that there was no impairment at October 1, 2009. The Company determined there was no triggering event at December 31, 2009 and March 31, 2010 which could require an interim impairment analysis.
The first step of each analysis required the estimation of fair value of the Company and was calculated primarily based on the observable market capitalization with a range of estimated control premiums as well as discounted future estimated cash flows. This step yielded an estimated fair value of the Company which was less than the Company’s carrying value (including goodwill) at each test date, December 31, 2008 and March 31, 2009. The next step entailed performing an analysis to determine whether the carrying amount of goodwill on the Company’s balance sheet exceeded its implied fair value. The implied fair value of the Company’s goodwill for this step was determined in a similar manner as goodwill recognized in a business combination. That is, the estimated fair value of the Company was allocated to its assets and liabilities, including any unrecognized identifiable intangible assets, as if the Company had been acquired in a hypothetical business combination with the estimated fair value of the Company representing the price paid to acquire it. The allocation process performed on each test date was only for purposes of determining the implied fair value of goodwill with no assets or liabilities written up or down, nor any additional unrecognized identifiable intangible assets recorded as part of this process. Based on these analyses, management recorded goodwill impairment charges of $167,011 for the quarter and year ended December 31, 2008 and $33,329 for the quarter ended March 31, 2009. The goodwill impairment charges had no effect on the Company’s cash balances.
The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill, which include adjustments for earnouts, taxes and escrow adjustments, acquisitions and impairment charges, for the period ended March 31, 2010 and the year ended December 31, 2009 are as follows:
Balance as of December 31, 2008 | $ | 32,366 | |
Acquisitions or adjustments: | |||
Impairment charge | (33,329 | ) | |
StraightSource | 125 | ||
HRC Human Resources Consulting GmbH | 215 | ||
Quroum International Holdings Limited | 2,315 | ||
Shanghai Runjie Management Consulting Company (variable interest equity) | 1,512 | ||
Balance as of December 31, 2009 | $ | 3,204 | |
HRC Human Resources Consulting GmbH | (12 | ) | |
Quroum International Holdings Limited | 457 | ||
Shanghai Runjie Management Consulting Company (variable interest equity) | 15 | ||
Balance as of March 31, 2010 | $ | 3,664 |
Self-Insurance
The Company is self-insured for the majority of its health insurance costs, including claims filed and claims incurred but not reported subject to certain stop loss provisions. The Company estimated the liability based upon management's judgment and historical experience. At March 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009, self-insurance accruals totaled $449 and $556, respectively. Management continuously reviews the adequacy of the Company's stop loss insurance coverage. Material differences may result in the amount and timing of health insurance expense if actual experience differs significantly from management's estimates.
Kenexa Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Unaudited (Continued)
(All amounts in thousands, except share and per share data, unless noted otherwise)
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
Revenue Recognition
The Company derives its revenue from two sources: (1) subscription revenue for solutions, which is comprised of subscription fees from customers accessing the Company’s on-demand software, consulting services, outsourcing services and proprietary content, and from customers purchasing additional support beyond the standard support that is included in the basic subscription fee; and (2) other fees for discrete professional services. Because the Company provides its solutions as a service, the Company follows the provisions of FASB ASC 605-10, “Revenue Recognition” and FASB ASC 605-25 “Multiple Elements Arrangements.” We recognize revenue when all of the following conditions are met:
• | There is persuasive evidence of an arrangement; | ||
• | The service has been provided to the customer; | ||
• | The collection of the fees is probable; and | ||
• | The amount of fees to be paid by the customer is fixed or determinable. |
Subscription fees and support revenues are recognized on a monthly basis over the lives of the contracts. Amounts that have been invoiced are recorded in accounts receivable and in deferred revenue or revenue, depending on whether the revenue recognition criteria have been met.
Discrete professional services and other revenues, when sold with subscription and support offerings, are accounted for separately since these services have value to the customer on a stand-alone basis and there is objective and reliable evidence of fair value of the undelivered elements. The Company's arrangements do not contain general rights of return. Additionally, when professional services are sold with other elements, the consideration from the revenue arrangement is allocated among the separate elements based upon the relative fair value. Professional services and other revenues are recorded as follows: Consulting revenues are recognized based upon proportional performance as value is delivered to the customer.
In determining whether revenues from professional services can be accounted for separately from subscription revenue, the Company considers the following factors for each agreement: availability from other vendors, whether objective and reliable evidence of fair value exists of the undelivered elements, the nature and the timing of when the agreement was signed in comparison to the subscription agreement start date and the contractual dependence of the subscription service on the customer's satisfaction with the other services. If the professional service does not qualify for separate accounting, the Company recognizes the revenue ratably over the remaining term of the subscription contract. In these situations the Company defers the direct and incremental costs of the professional service over the same period as the revenue is recognized.
Deferred revenue represents payments received or accounts receivable from the Company's customers for amounts billed in advance of subscription services being provided.
The Company records expenses billed to customers in accordance with FASB ASC 605-45, “Revenue Recognition-Principal Agent Considerations,” which requires that reimbursements received for out-of-pocket expenses be classified as revenues and not as cost reductions. These items primarily include travel, meals and certain telecommunication costs. For the three months ended March 31, 2010 and 2009 reimbursed expenses totaled $473 and $530, respectively.
Kenexa Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Unaudited (Continued)
(All amounts in thousands, except share and per share data, unless noted otherwise)
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
Revenue Recognition (continued)
Pursuant to the transition rules contained in Accounting Standards Update 2009-13 (“ASU 2009-13”), “Multiple Deliverable Revenue Arrangements,” the company elected to early adopt the provisions included in the amendment effective January 1, 2010.
Based upon a review of its applicant tracking system (“ATS”) arrangements the Company determined that implementation services, previously combined with hosting fees as one unit of accounting, now qualify as a separate unit of accounting. This new approach is supported by existence of the Company’s estimated selling prices for all of its deliverables within an ATS arrangement and the assertion that the delivered items within these arrangements, i.e. the implementation services, have standalone value. Under these arrangements, contract consideration will be allocated to each deliverable using the relative selling price method. As a result of this adoption, implementation revenue previously recognized over the license term, will be recognized in the period the service is provided which corresponds to value delivered to the customer.
In addition to modifying revenue recognition for ATS arrangements, the new guidance contained in ASU 2009-13 permits the Company to unbundle multiple products within an arrangement using the relative selling price method. Previously, these deliverables were treated as one unit of accounting with revenue under these arrangements being deferred until all products, for which the Company lacked objective evidence of fair value, were delivered. Under the new guidance, total consideration will be allocated to each product based using the relative selling price method and recognized as each product is delivered to the customer. In addition, the new guidance prohibits the use of the residual method for determining the value of delivered element.
Based upon a preliminary analysis the Company has determined that the adoption of ASU 2009-13 will not have a material impact on the financial statements after the initial adoption. This conclusion is based in part on the following facts:
• | Revenue that would have been recognized through March 31, 2010 if the related arrangements entered into or materially modified after the effective date were subject to the measurement requirements of FASB ASC 605-25, “Multiple Element Arrangements,” would have been $729 or 1.8% less than currently reported revenue of $39,664, for the three months ended March 31, 2010. |
• | Revenue that would have been recognized in the year before the year of adoption if the arrangements accounted for under ASC 605-25 were subject to the new measurement requirements of ASU 2009-13 would have been $20 or less than .01% greater than the reported revenue of $38,831, for the three months ended March 31, 2009. |
• | Revenue recognized and deferred revenue as of and for the quarter ended March 31, 2010 from applying ASC 605-25 and ASU 2009-13: |
Revenue recognized | Deferred revenue | |||||
ASC 605-25 | $ | 38,935 | $ | 51,307 | ||
ASU 2009-13 | 729 | 3,197 | ||||
Total | $ | 39,664 | $ | 54,504 |
Kenexa Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Unaudited (Continued)
(All amounts in thousands, except share and per share data, unless noted otherwise)
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
Revenue Recognition (continued)
The new revenue guidance contained in ASU 2009-13 modifies the way the Company accounts for its ATS arrangements, by allowing the Company to separate its implementation services and corresponding license fees into two separate units of accounting. These two deliverables represent the primary elements in an ATS arrangement and are recognized upon performance or delivery of each service or product, respectively to the end customer. The implementation services are typically earned over a three to six month period, while the license fees are recognized over a two to five year period. These arrangements usually do not contain cancellation or refund-type provisions and may include termination for convenience clauses following a stated period of time or performance level commitments.
Multiple element arrangements consisting of multiple products are also impacted by the new revenue guidance. Under ASU 2009-13 total consideration for an arrangement is allocated to each product using the relative selling price method and revenue is recognized upon delivery of the product or service. Consistent with current practice, revenue may be deferred if the arrangement includes any unusual terms including extended payment terms, specified acceptance terms, or hold backs payable upon final acceptance of the product.
The Company utilizes a pricing model for its products which considers market factors such as customer demand for its products, competitor’s pricing and the geographic regions where the products are sold. In addition, the model considers entity-specific factors such as volume based pricing, discounts for bundled products, total contract commitment and the number of required languages for the product. The pricing model for the individual or bundled arrangement includes a price floor amount, which provides for a 15% discount on the bundled price, and an actual quote to determine if the quote is within an acceptable range for management’s approval. Including this final verification in the model ensures that all of the Company’s selling prices are consistent and within an acceptable range for use with the relative selling price method.
While the pricing model, currently in use, captures all critical variables, unforeseen changes due to external market forces may result in the Company revising some of its inputs. These modifications may result in the consideration allocation differing from the one presently in use. Absent a significant change in the pricing inputs or the way in which the industry structures its deals, future changes in the pricing model are not expected to materially affect the Company’s allocation of arrangement consideration.
Kenexa Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Unaudited (Continued)
(All amounts in thousands, except share and per share data, unless noted otherwise)
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
Guarantees
The Company’s software license agreements typically provide for indemnifications of customers for intellectual property infringement claims. The Company also warrants to customers, when requested, that the Company’s software products operate substantially in accordance with standard specifications for a limited period of time. The Company has not incurred significant obligations under customer indemnification or warranty provisions historically, and does not expect to incur significant obligations in the future. Accordingly, the Company does not maintain accruals for potential customer indemnification or warranty-related obligations.
Earnings (Loss) Per Share
The Company follows FASB ASC 260, “Earnings Per Share,” which requires companies that are publicly held or have complex capital structures to present basic and diluted earnings per share on the face of the statement of operations. Earnings (loss) per share is based on the weighted average number of shares and common stock equivalents outstanding during the period. In the calculation of diluted earnings per share, shares outstanding are adjusted to assume conversion of the exercise of options if they are dilutive. In the calculation of basic earnings per share, weighted average numbers of shares outstanding are used as the denominator.
Common stock equivalents of stock options issued and outstanding were excluded in the computation of diluted earnings per share for the periods ended March 31, 2010 and 2009 since their effect was antidilutive. A summary of the computation is presented in the table below.
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share are computed as follows:
Three months ended March 31, | ||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Numerator: | ||||||||
Net loss allocable to common shareholders | $ | (18 | ) | $ | (34,282 | ) | ||
Denominator: | ||||||||
Weighted average shares used to compute net loss allocable to common shareholders per common share - basic | 22,577,266 | 22,509,304 | ||||||
Effect of dilutive stock options | — | — | ||||||
Weighted average shares used to compute net loss allocable to common shareholders per common share – dilutive | 22,577,266 | 22,509,304 | ||||||
Basic net loss per share | $ | 0.00 | $ | (1.52 | ) | |||
Diluted net loss per share | $ | 0.00 | $ | (1.52 | ) | |||
Total antidilutive stock options issued and outstanding | 2,297,956 | 2,932,056 |
Kenexa Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Unaudited (Continued)
(All amounts in thousands, except share and per share data, unless noted otherwise)
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
Share-based Compensation Expense
On January 1, 2006, the Company adopted FASB ASC 718, “Compensation-Stock Compensation,” using the Modified Prospective Approach (“MPA”). The MPA requires that compensation expense be recorded for restricted stock and all unvested stock options as of January 1, 2006. Following the adoption the Company recognized the cost of previously granted share-based awards under the straight-line basis over the remaining vesting period. The compensation expense for new share-based awards with a service condition that cliff vest, is recognized on a straight-line basis over the award’s requisite service period. For those awards with a service condition that have graded vesting, compensation expense is calculated using the graded-vesting attribution method. This method entails recognizing expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for each separately vesting portion as if the grant consisted of multiple awards, each with the same service inception date but different requisite service periods. This method accelerates the recognition of compensation expense. In accordance with FASB ASC 18, the pool of excess tax benefits available to absorb tax deficiencies was determined using the alternative transition method.
The fair value of market based, performance vesting share awards granted is calculated using a Monte Carlo valuation model that results in a factor applied to the fair market value of the Company's common stock on the date of the grant (measurement date), and is recognized over a four year explicit service period using the straight-line method. Since the award requires both the completion of four years of service and the share price reaching predetermined levels as defined in the option agreement, compensation cost will be recognized over the four year explicit service period. If the employee terminates prior to the four-year requisite service period, compensation cost will be reversed even if the market condition has been satisfied by that time.
Adoption of new accounting pronouncements
In June 2009, the FASB issued new accounting guidance for variable interest entities. This guidance was codified under ASU 2009-17 in December 2009 and includes: (1) the elimination of the exemption from consolidation for qualifying special purpose entities, (2) a new approach for determining the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity (“VIE”), which requires that the primary beneficiary have both (i) the power to control the most significant activities of the VIE and (ii) either the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the VIE, and (3) the requirement to continually reassess who should consolidate a VIE. The new guidance is effective for annual reporting periods that begin after November 15, 2009 and applies to all existing and new VIEs. The Company adopted ASU 2009-17 in 2010 and the adoption did not have a material impact on the Company's financial statements.
Effective October 2009, we adopted the Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2009-13, “Revenue Recognition: Multiple-Deliverable Revenue Arrangements - a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force,” which eliminates the use of the residual method for allocating consideration, as well as the criteria that requires objective and reliable evidence of fair value of undelivered elements in order to separate the elements in a multiple-element arrangement. By removing the criterion requiring the use of objective and reliable evidence of fair value in separately accounting for deliverables, the recognition of revenue will more closely align with certain revenue arrangements. The standard also will replace the term "fair value" in the revenue allocation guidance with "selling price" to clarify that the allocation of revenue is based on entity-specific assumptions rather than assumptions of a marketplace participant. ASU No. 2009-13 is effective for revenue arrangements entered or materially modified in fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010.
Effective July 1, 2009, we adopted “The FASB Accounting Standards Codification and the Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.” This standard establishes only two levels of GAAP, authoritative and non-authoritative. The FASB Accounting Standards Codification (the “Codification”) became the source of authoritative, non-governmental GAAP, except for rules and interpretive releases of the SEC, which are sources of authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. All other non-grandfathered, non-SEC accounting literature not included in the Codification became non-authoritative. We began using the new guidelines and numbering system prescribed by the Codification when referring to GAAP in the third quarter of fiscal 2009. As the Codification was not intended to change or alter existing GAAP, it did not have any impact on our consolidated financial statements.
Kenexa Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Unaudited (Continued)
(All amounts in thousands, except share and per share data, unless noted otherwise)
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
Adoption of new accounting pronouncements (continued)
In May 2009, the FASB adopted Codification Topic 855, “Subsequent Events,” which codifies the guidance regarding the disclosure of events subsequent to the balance sheet date. The statement established general standards of accounting for and disclosure of events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued. ASC 855 is effective for interim or annual financial periods ending after June 15, 2009, and shall be applied prospectively. The adoption ASC 855 did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.
In April 2009, the FASB amended ASC 805 “Business Combinations,” which established a model to account for certain pre-acquisition contingencies. Under ASC 805, an acquirer is required to recognize at fair value an asset acquired or a liability assumed in a business combination that arises from a contingency if the acquisition-date fair value of that asset or liability can be determined during the measurement period. If the acquisition-date fair value cannot be determined, then the acquirer should follow the recognition criteria in ASC 450, “Contingencies”. In the first quarter of 2009, we adopted ASC 805 and will apply its provisions when applicable.
In December 2007, the FASB issued ASC 810-10, “Consolidation-Overall,” and ASC 805, “Business Combinations.” Changes for business combination transactions pursuant to ASC 805 include, among others, expensing of acquisition-related transaction costs as incurred, the recognition of contingent consideration arrangements at their acquisition date fair value and capitalization of in-process research and development assets acquired at their acquisition date fair value. Changes in accounting for noncontrolling (minority) interests pursuant to ASC 810-10 include, among others, the classification of noncontrolling interest as a component of consolidated shareholders' equity and the elimination of "minority interest" accounting in results of operations. ASC 805 is required to be adopted and was effective for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The adoption of ASC 805 and ASC 810-10 impacted the Company’s accounting related to the consolidation of its variable interest entity in 2009 and will impact the accounting for the Company's future acquisitions.
New Accounting Pronouncements
In March 2010 the EITF Task Force reached a consensus on EITF Issue No. 08-9, “Milestone Method of Revenue Recognition,” which permits the use of the milestone method as a valid application of the proportional performance model for revenue recognition if the milestones are substantive and there is substantive uncertainty about whether the milestones will be achieved. In order to meet the definition of substantive, the milestone would have to 1) be commensurate with either the level of effort required to achieve the milestone or the enhancement in the value of the item delivered, 2) have to relate solely to past performance, and 3) should be reasonable relative to all deliverables and payment terms in the arrangement. If ratified by the FASB, the new guidance would be effective for interim and annual periods beginning on or after June 15, 2010 with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this new guidance.
Kenexa Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Unaudited (Continued)
(All amounts in thousands, except share and per share data, unless noted otherwise)
3. Investments
The following is a summary of our short-term investments at March 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009:
As of March 31, 2010:
Cost | Unrealized gain (loss) | Accrued interest | Fair market value | ||||||||||||
Available for Sale securities | |||||||||||||||
Municipal securities | $ | 14,130 | $ | (118 | ) | $ | — | $ | 14,012 | ||||||
Trading Securities | |||||||||||||||
Auction rate securities | 9,864 | 376 | — | 10,240 | |||||||||||
Total short-term investments | $ | 23,994 | $ | 258 | $ | — | $ | 24,252 |
As of December 31, 2009:
Cost | Unrealized gain (loss) | Accrued interest | Fair market value | ||||||||||||
Available for Sale securities | |||||||||||||||
Municipal securities | $ | 15,627 | $ | (89 | ) | $ | 118 | $ | 15,656 | ||||||
Trading Securities | |||||||||||||||
Auction rate securities | 13,737 | 177 | — | 13,914 | |||||||||||
Total short-term investments | $ | 29,364 | $ | 88 | $ | 118 | $ | 29,570 |
Unrealized gains and losses from fixed-income, available for sale securities are primarily attributable to changes in interest rates. The Company does not believe any unrealized losses represent an other-than-temporary impairment based on the evaluation of available evidence as of March 31, 2010. For the periods ended March 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009, contractual maturities of our short-term investments were one year or less.
Kenexa Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Unaudited (Continued)
(All amounts in thousands, except share and per share data, unless noted otherwise)
3. Investments (continued)
During the three months ended March 31, 2010, the Company redeemed two tax exempt auction rate securities (“ARS”), partially redeemed three ARS and continued to experience failed auctions for the remaining seven ARS issues with a fair value of $10,239. Seven of these ARS are guaranteed by the Family Federal Educational Loan Program with the remainder being insured by private issuers. Due to the ability to liquidate the ARS issues within the next twelve months and the put option, the Company included these investments in its short-term investments as of March 31, 2010. These securities will continue to accrue interest at the contractual rate and will be auctioned every 90 days until sold.
Due to the failure of the auction rate market in early 2008, UBS AG and other major banks entered into discussions with government agencies to provide liquidity to owners of auction rate securities. In November 2008, the Company entered into an agreement (the “UBS Settlement Agreement”) with UBS AG which provided (1) the Company with a “no net cost” loan up to the par value of Eligible ARS until June 30, 2010, and (2) the Company, the right to sell these auction rate securities back to UBS AG at par, at the Company’s sole discretion, anytime during the period from June 30, 2010 through July 2, 2012, and (3) UBS AG the right to purchase these auction rate securities or sell them on the Company’s behalf at par anytime through July 2, 2012. Following the execution of the UBS Settlement Agreement, the Company determined that it no longer had the intent to hold the ARS until either the maturity or recovery of the ARS market. Based upon this unusual circumstance related to the execution of the UBS Settlement Agreement, the Company transferred these investments from available-for-sale to trading securities and began recording the change in fair value of the ARS as gains or losses in current statement of operations. As of March 31, 2010, the auction rate securities, which were acquired through UBS AG, had a par value of $11,250.
Contemporaneous with the determination to transfer the ARS to trading securities, the Company elected to measure the value of its option to put the securities (“put option”) to UBS AG under the fair value option of ASC 825, “Financial Instruments”. As a result, the Company recorded at December 31, 2008 a non-operating gain representing the estimated fair value of the put option and a corresponding long-term asset of approximately $2,219. At December 31, 2009 the put option’s estimated fair value decreased to $1,374. At March 31, 2010, the put option’s estimated fair value decreased to $968, resulting in a non-operating loss of $407 for the three months ended March 31, 2010. The estimated fair value of the put option as of March 31, 2010 was based in part on an expected life of three months and a discount rate of 0.75%. In June 2009, due to our ability to exercise our put option within the next twelve months, we reclassified the estimated fair value of the put option to other current assets on the consolidated balance sheet.
Based upon the results of the discounted cash flow analysis, the Company determined that the fair value of its investment in ARS should be discounted approximately $2,219 to $16,513 at December 31, 2008, with any other-than temporary impairment in the fair value of the ARS offset substantially by the fair value recognized for the rights provided in the settlement agreement. As a result of the transfer of the ARS from available-for-sale to trading investment securities noted above, the Company also recorded a non-operating gain for the twelve months ended December 31, 2009 of approximately $833. The recording of the loss relating to the decrease in the fair value of the put option of $407 and the recognition of the gain in the ARS of $376 resulted in an overall net loss of approximately $31 for the three months ended March 31, 2010.
The Company adjusted the fair value of its ARS investment portfolio using a discounted cash flow model to determine the estimated fair value of its ARS investments as of March 31, 2010. The ranges of assumptions used in preparing the discounted cash flow model include level three inputs, as defined in ASC 825, and are presented in the following table:
Minimum | Maximum | |||||||
Maximum auction rate (interest rate) | 0.5 | % | 2.1 | % | ||||
Liquidity risk premium | 4.0 | % | 5.0 | % | ||||
Probability of earned maximum rate until maturity | 0.01 | % | 0.2 | % | ||||
Probability of default | 1.4 | % | 20.41 | % |
Kenexa Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Unaudited (Continued)
(All amounts in thousands, except share and per share data, unless noted otherwise)
3. Investments (continued)
The Company has investments that are valued in accordance with the provisions of ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure”. Under this standard, fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure establishes a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. The hierarchy is broken down into three levels based on the reliability of inputs as follows:
• | Level 1 - Valuations based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets that the Company has the ability to access. |
• | Level 2 - Valuations based inputs on other than quoted prices included within level 1, for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly. |
• | Level 3 - Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. |
The estimated fair value of the Company’s municipal investments on March 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009 of $14,012 and $15,656, respectively, was determined based upon quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or Level 1 inputs. The estimated fair value of the Company’s auction rate securities on March 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009 of $10,240 and $13,914, respectively, was determined based upon significant unobservable inputs or Level 3 inputs.
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for the auction rate securities using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the period ended March 31, 2009 is presented below:
Auction rate securities | ||||
Balance at December 31, 2008 | $ | 16,513 | ||
Net realized gains included in earnings | 267 | |||
Settlements | (1,307 | ) | ||
Balance at March 31, 2009 | $ | 15,473 |
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for the auction rate securities using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the period ended March 31, 2010 is presented below:
Auction rate securities | ||||
Balance at December 31, 2009 | $ | 13,914 | ||
Net realized losses included in earnings | 376 | |||
Settlements | (4,050 | ) | ||
Balance at March 31, 2010 | $ | 10,240 |
Based on the size of this investment, the Company’s ability to access cash and other short-term investments, and expected operating cash flows, the Company does not anticipate the illiquidity of this investment will affect its operations
Kenexa Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Unaudited (Continued)
(All amounts in thousands, except share and per share data, unless noted otherwise)
4. Acquisitions
Quorum International Holdings Limited
On April 2, 2008, the Company acquired all of the outstanding stock of Quorum International Holdings Limited (“Quorum”), a provider of recruitment process outsourcing services based in London, England, for a purchase price of approximately $27,950, in cash, of which $19,753 was paid in April 2008 and $8,197 was paid in July 2008. The total cost of the acquisition, including legal, accounting, other professional fees and additional consideration of $2,873, was approximately $30,823, including acquired intangibles of $8,633, with estimated useful lives between 3 and 10 years. In addition, the acquisition agreement contains an earnout provision which provides for the payment of additional consideration by the Company based upon the gross profit of Quorum for the twelve month period ending June 30, 2009 and June 30, 2010. Formulaically, the earnout is 3.86 times Quorum’s gross profit less the amount of base consideration, as defined in the agreement. Pursuant to FASB ASC 805, “Business Combinations,” the Company accrues contingent purchase consideration when the outcome of the contingency is determinable beyond a reasonable doubt. Based upon the results for the twelve month period through June 30, 2009, it was determined that an earnout payment was due to the former shareholders of Quorum and as such, the additional consideration of $1,167 was accrued for in the financial statements at December 31, 2009. During the first quarter of 2010 additional consideration of $468 was determined payable. The total consideration of $1,635 was paid in cash during the first quarter of 2010. In addition, as of March 31, 2010, the June 30, 2010 earnout amount was substantially uncertain, and, as such, the estimated earnout range is not possible to disclose. The Company evaluates the earnout provisions contained in the acquisition agreement at each financial statement reporting date. In connection with the acquisition, €500 or approximately $675, of the purchase price was deposited into an escrow account and recorded in other long-term assets, to cover any claims for indemnification made by the Company against Quorum under the acquisition agreement. The escrow agreement will remain in place for approximately two years from the acquisition date, and any funds remaining in the escrow account at the end of the two year period will be distributed to the former stockholders of Quorum. The Company is currently evaluating that status of any claims and the amounts to be withheld from the escrow account. The Company expects that the acquisition of Quorum will broaden its presence in the global recruitment market. The purchase price has been allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon management’s best estimate of fair value with any excess over the net tangible and intangible assets acquired allocated to goodwill. Quorum’s results of operations were included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements beginning on April 2, 2008.
Kenexa Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Unaudited (Continued)
(All amounts in thousands, except share and per share data, unless noted otherwise)
5. Variable Interest Entity
On January 20, 2009, the Company entered into an ownership interest transfer agreement (“the agreement”) with Shanghai Runjie Management Consulting Company, (“R and J”) in Shanghai, China. In conjunction with the agreement, the Company paid $1,337 to provide an initial equity contribution and to compensate the former owners of R and J, who transferred their existing business into a new entity, Shanghai Kenexa Human Resources Consulting Co., Ltd., (the “variable interest entity”). The initial payment provided the Company with a 46% ownership in the variable interest entity, and a presence in China’s human capital management market. The former owners of R and J are required to transfer 1% additional ownership interests (in 1% increments up to 49% over a two year period), with consideration to be paid by the Company based upon adjusted EBITDA, as defined in the agreement. In the fourth quarter of 2009, based upon the 2008 operating results for R and J, the Company paid an additional $206 for an additional 1% ownership interest in the variable interest entity. At December 31, 2009 and March 31, 2010, the Company had a 47% ownership interest in the variable interest entity.
Consideration for the ownership interest transfer in the third quarter was determined as the greater of 1) the amount of registered capital attributable to a 1% ownership interest or 2) an amount denominated in Chinese Yuan Renminbi (“RMB¥”) equal to the result of 47% times four and one half times the Adjusted EBITDA of the variable interest entity for the calendar year ended December 31, 2008, plus 1% of the variable interest entity’s free cash flow as of March 31, 2008, minus the amount of the initial investment or RMB¥ 8,145 or $1,224. The additional transfers of ownership interests for 2010 and 2011 will be determined formulaically the same as above and will be adjusted only for any increase in actual ownership percentage by the Company.
Under the terms of the variable interest entity agreement, the Company has the right to acquire R and J’s remaining interest in the variable interest entity at any time after the earlier of the termination of the general manager’s employment by the variable interest entity or during the first three months of any calendar year beginning on or after January 1, 2013 (call rights). The purchase price for the remaining ownership interest is based upon the outstanding ownership interest multiplied by the sum of the amount of free cash flow plus four and one half times the Adjusted EBITDA, as defined in the agreement. R and J may also require the Company to purchase its interest in the variable interest entity at any time after the earlier of the Company’s acquisition of more than fifty percent of the variable interest entity or January 1, 2011 (put rights).
In accordance with ASC 810, “Variable Interest Entities,” the new entity qualified for consolidation as it was determined to be a variable interest entity and the Company as its primary beneficiary. The determination of the primary beneficiary was based, in part, upon a qualitative assessment which included the Company’s commitment to finance the variable interest entity’s ongoing operations, the level of involvement in the variable interest entity’s operations, the use of the Company’s brand by the variable interest entity, and the lack of equity “at risk” by R and J given its put rights. The variable interest entity is consolidated in the Company’s financial statements because of the Company’s implicit guarantee to provide financing and as well as its significant involvement in the day-to-day operations. The equity interests of R and J not owned by the Company are reported as a noncontrolling interest in the Company’s December 31, 2009 and March 31, 2010 accompanying consolidated balance sheet. All inter-company transactions are eliminated. See Footnote 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Principles of Consolidation for additional details.
The variable interest entity was financed with $307 in initial equity contributions from the Company and R and J, and has no borrowings for which its assets would be used as collateral. Following the formation of the variable interest entity, the Company completed a valuation of the concern, which resulted in the recording of net tangible assets, intangible assets and goodwill of $314, $1,100 and $1,512, respectively in the consolidated balance sheet. On September 30, 2009, the Company provided $160 of financing for the variable interest entity in the form of an intercompany loan. The creditors of the variable interest entity do not have recourse to other assets of the Company.
Pursuant to ASC 480 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity” (formerly Emerging Issues Task Force Abstracts Topic No. D-98, “Classification and Measurement of Redeemable Securities,” due to the put rights included in the agreement, the Company has presented the estimated fair value of R and J’s 53% ownership interest in the variable interest entity amounting to $1,393 at March 31 31,2010 in noncontrolling interest and classified the amount as mezzanine equity (temporary equity) on the consolidated balance sheet.
Kenexa Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Unaudited (Continued)
(All amounts in thousands, except share and per share data, unless noted otherwise)
6. Property, Equipment and Software
A summary of property, equipment and software and related accumulated depreciation and amortization as of March 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009 is as follows:
March 31, 2010 | December 31, 2009 | |||||
Equipment | $ | 18,129 | $ | 17,748 | ||
Software | 30,227 | 28,397 | ||||
Office furniture and fixtures | 2,436 | 2,455 | ||||
Leasehold improvements | 2,764 | 2,735 | ||||
Land | 741 | 714 | ||||
Building | 8,162 | 7,828 | ||||
Software in development | 4,240 | 3,083 | ||||
Total property, equipment and software | 66,699 | 62,960 | ||||
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization | 29,089 | 26,093 | ||||
Total property, equipment and software, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization | $ | 37,610 | $ | 36,867 |
Depreciation and amortization expense is excluded from cost of revenues. Equipment and office furniture and fixtures included assets under capital leases totaling $2,608 and $2,621 at March 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively. Depreciation and amortization expense, including amortization of assets under capital leases, was $3,115 and $2,145 for the three months ended March 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
Pursuant to FASB ASC 360, “Property, Plant and Equipment,” the Company reviewed its fixed assets and determined that the fair value exceeded the carrying value, and therefore did not record any fixed asset impairment as of March 31, 2010.
7. Other Accrued Liabilities
Other accrued liabilities consist of the following:
March 31, 2010 | December 31, 2009 | |||||
Accrued professional fees | $ | 910 | $ | 1,031 | ||
Straight line rent accrual | 1,987 | 2,084 | ||||
Other taxes payable | 219 | 118 | ||||
Income taxes payable | 1,903 | 837 | ||||
Other liabilities | 1,173 | 1,139 | ||||
Contingent purchase price | — | 1,167 | ||||
Total other accrued liabilities | $ | 6,192 | $ | 6,376 |
Kenexa Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(All amounts in thousands, except share and per share data, unless noted otherwise)
8. Line of Credit
On May 21, 2009, based upon its current liquidity needs, the Company elected not to renew its secured credit agreement with PNC Bank, as administrative agent, and several other lenders named therein (the “Credit Agreement”). The Credit Agreement, which became effective November 13, 2006, provided (i) a $50 million revolving credit facility, including a sublimit of up to $2 million for letters of credit and (ii) a $50 million term loan. The Company and each of its U.S. subsidiaries guaranteed the obligations of the Company under the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement also required the Company to pay a monthly commitment fee based on the unused portion of the revolving credit facility. At May 21, 2009, the Company had no outstanding balance on the Credit Agreement. Unless renewed, the Credit Agreement would have expired on its own terms on March 26, 2010. No early termination penalties were incurred in connection with the termination of the Credit Agreement. In connection with the termination of the Credit Agreement, the Company wrote off $289 of deferred financing fees during the quarter ended June 30, 2009. As a result of the termination of the Credit Agreement, the Company does not have a revolving credit facility or other debt financing arrangement.
9. Income Taxes
The Company’s tax provision for interim periods is determined using an estimate of its annual effective tax rate. The 2010 effective tax rate is estimated to be lower than the 35% statutory U.S. Federal rate primarily due to anticipated earnings in subsidiaries outside the U.S. in jurisdictions where the effective rate is lower than in the U.S. and tax exempt interest income.
On January 1, 2007, we adopted the FASB ASC 740, “Income Taxes,” which clarifies the accounting for uncertain income tax positions recognized in financial statements and requires the impact of a tax position to be recognized in the financial statements if that position is more likely than not of being sustained by the taxing authority. The Company does not expect that the amount of unrecognized tax benefits will significantly increase or decrease within the next twelve months. Our policy is to recognize interest and penalties on unrecognized tax benefits in the provision for income taxes in the consolidated statements of operations. Tax years beginning in 2005 are subject to examination by taxing authorities, although net operating loss and credit carryforwards from all years are subject to examinations and adjustments for at least three years following the year in which the attributes are used.
During the three months ended March 31, 2010, the valuation allowance increased by $115 from $7,460 at December 31, 2009 to $7,575 as management continues to believe based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax asset will not be realized.
Kenexa Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(All amounts in thousands, except share and per share data, unless noted otherwise)
10. Commitments and Contingencies
Litigation
On August 27, 2007, a complaint was filed and served by Kenexa BrassRing, Inc. against Taleo Corporation in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware. Kenexa alleges that Taleo infringed Patent Nos. 5,999,939 and 6,996,561, and seeks monetary damages and an order enjoining Taleo from further infringement.
On May 9, 2008, Kenexa BrassRing, Inc. filed a similar lawsuit against Vurv Technology, Inc. in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware, alleging that Vurv has infringed Patent Nos. 5,999,939 and 6,996,561, and seeks monetary damages and an order enjoining further infringement. This lawsuit has been consolidated with the Kenexa BrassRing, Inc. versus Taleo Corporation lawsuit.
On June 25, 2008, Kenexa Technology, Inc. filed suit in the United States District Court of Delaware against Taleo Corporation for tortious interference with contract, unfair competition, unfair trade practices and unjust enrichment. On August 28, 2009, Taleo filed an amended answer and counterclaim against Kenexa BrassRing, Inc. asserting copyright infringement against Kenexa by the users accessing the Taleo system on behalf of Kenexa’s recruitment process outsourcing customers. Kenexa seeks monetary damages and to enjoin the actions of Taleo. Taleo seeks monetary damages and to enjoin the actions of Kenexa.
On November 7, 2008, Vurv Technology LLC, sued Kenexa Corporation, Kenexa Technology, Inc., and two former employees of Vurv, who now work for Kenexa , in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia. In this action, Vurv asserts claims for breach of contract, computer trespass and theft, misappropriation of trade secrets, interference with contract and civil conspiracy. Vurv seeks unspecified monetary damages and injunctive relief.
On June 11, 2009 and July 16, 2009, two putative class actions were filed against Kenexa Corporation and our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, purportedly on behalf of a class of our investors who purchased our publicly traded securities between May 8, 2007 and November 7, 2007. The complaint filed on July 16, 2009 has since been voluntarily dismissed. In the pending action, Building Trades United Pension Trust Fund, individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated alleges violations of Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 ("Exchange Act"), Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder and Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act in connection with various public statements made by Kenexa. This action seeks unspecified damages, attorneys’ fees and expenses.
On July 17, 2009, Kenexa BrassRing, Inc. and Kenexa Recruiter, Inc. filed suit against Taleo Corporation, a current Taleo employee and a former Taleo employee in Massachusetts Superior Court. Kenexa amended the complaint on August 27, 2009 and added Vurv Technology LLC, two former employees of Taleo and two current employees of Taleo. Kenexa asserts claims for breach of contract and the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing, unfair trade practices, computer theft, misappropriation of trade secrets, tortious interference, unfair competition, and unjust enrichment. Kenexa seeks monetary damages and injunctive relief.
The Company is involved in claims, including those identified above, which arise in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, the Company has made adequate provision for potential liabilities, if any, arising from any such matters. However, litigation is inherently unpredictable, and the costs and other effects of pending or future litigation, governmental investigations, legal and administrative cases and proceedings (whether civil or criminal), settlements, judgments and investigations, claims and changes in any such matters, could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition and operating results.
Kenexa Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(All amounts in thousands, except share and per share data, unless noted otherwise)
11. Equity
Rollforward of Shares
The Company’s common shares issued for the three months ended March 31, 2010 and the year ended December 31, 2009 are as follows:
Class A Common Shares | |||
December 31, 2008 ending balance | 22,504,924 | ||
Stock option exercises | 14,747 | ||
Employee stock purchase plan | 42,212 | ||
December 31, 2009 ending balance | 22,561,883 | ||
Stock option exercises | 21,851 | ||
Employee stock purchase plan | 10,188 | ||
March 31, 2010 ending balance | 22,593,922 |
Refer to the accompanying consolidated statements of shareholders' equity and this note for further discussion.
Stock and Voting Rights
Undesignated Preferred Stock
The Company has 10,000,000 shares of $0.01 par value undesignated preferred stock authorized, with no shares issued or outstanding at March 31, 2010 or December 31, 2009. These shares have preferential rights in the event of liquidation and payment of dividends.
Common Stock
At March 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the Company had 100,000,000 authorized shares of common stock. At March 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009, shares of common stock outstanding were 22,593,922 and 22,561,883, respectively. Each share of common stock has one-for-one voting rights.
Authorized but not issued shares
On February 20, 2008, our board of directors authorized a stock repurchase plan providing for the repurchase of up to 3,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, of which 1,125,651 shares were repurchased at an aggregate cost of $20,429 as of December 31, 2008. These shares were restored to original status prior to December 31, 2008 and accordingly are presented as authorized but not issued. The timing, price and volume of repurchases were based on market conditions, relevant securities laws and other factors. As of December 31, 2008 the amount of shares available for repurchase under the stock repurchase plan was 1,874,349. No repurchases were or have been made under the stock repurchase plan from January 1, 2009 to March 31, 2010.
Kenexa Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(All amounts in thousands, except share and per share data, unless noted otherwise)
12. Stock Plans
Equity Incentive Plan
The Company’s 2005 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2005 Option Plan”), which was adopted by the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) in March 2005 and was approved by the Company’s shareholders in June 2005, provides for the granting of stock options, restricted stock and restricted stock units to employees and directors at the discretion of the Board or a committee of the Board. The 2005 Option Plan replaced the Company’s 2000 Stock Option Plan (the “2000 Option Plan”). The purpose of stock options is to recognize past services rendered and to provide additional incentive in furthering the continued success of the Company. Stock options granted under both the 2005 Option Plan and the 2000 Stock Option Plan expire between the fifth and tenth anniversary of the date of grant and generally vest on the third anniversary of the date of grant. Unexercised stock options may expire up to 90 days after an employee's termination for options granted under the 2000 Option Plan.
As of March 31, 2010, there were options and restricted stock to purchase 3,590,356 and 85,000, respectively, shares of common stock outstanding under the 2005 Option Plan. The Company is authorized to issue up to an aggregate of 4,842,910 shares of its common stock pursuant to stock options and restricted stock granted under the 2005 Option Plan. As of March 31, 2010, there were a total of 508,206 shares of common stock not subject to outstanding options and restricted stock and available for issuance under the 2005 Option Plan.
FASB ASC 718, “Compensation-Stock Compensation”, requires companies to estimate the fair value of share-based payment awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model. In 2010 and 2009, the fair value of each grant was estimated using the Black-Scholes valuation model. Expected volatility was based upon a weighted average of peer companies and the Company’s stock volatility. The expected life was determined based upon an average of the contractual life and vesting period of the options. The estimated forfeiture rate was based upon an analysis of historical data. The risk-free rate was based on U.S. Treasury zero coupon bond yields for periods commensurate with the expected term at the time of grant.
Compensation expense, for awards with a service condition that cliff vest, is recognized on a straight-line basis over the award’s requisite service period. For those awards with a service condition that have a graded vest, compensation expense is calculated using the graded-vesting attribution method. This method entails recognizing expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for each separately vesting portion as if the grant consisted of multiple awards, each with the same service inception date but different requisite service periods. This method accelerates the recognition of compensation expense.
The fair value of market based, performance vesting share awards granted is calculated using a Monte Carlo valuation model that simulates various potential outcomes of the option grant and values each outcome using the Black-Scholes valuation model which yields a fair market value of the Company's common stock on the date of the grant (measurement date). This amount is recognized over the vesting period, using the straight-line method. Since the award requires both the completion of 4 years of service and the share price reaching predetermined levels as defined in the option agreement, compensation cost will be recognized over the 4 year explicit service period. If the employee terminates prior to the four-year requisite service period, compensation cost will be reversed even if the market condition has been satisfied by that time. The total grant date fair value of the options granted during 2008 using the Monte Carlo valuation model was $1,026.
Kenexa Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(All amounts in thousands, except share and per share data, unless noted otherwise)
12. Stock Plans (continued)
The following table provides the assumptions used in determining the fair value of service based awards for the three months ended March 31, 2010 and the year ended December 31, 2009, respectively.
Quarter ended March 31, 2010 Service based awards | Year ended December 31, 2009 Service based awards | |||||||
Expected volatility | 63.38 | % | 62.70 – 69.38 | % | ||||
Expected dividends | 0 | 0 | ||||||
Expected term (in years) | 6.25 | 3 - 6.25 | ||||||
Risk-free rate | 3.27 | % | 1.36 - 3.09 | % |
A summary of the status of the Company’s stock options and restricted stock as of March 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009 and changes during the period then ended is as follows:
Options & Restricted Stock Outstanding | Options Exercisable | ||||||||||
Shares Available for Grant | Shares | Wtd. Avg. Exercise Price | Shares | Wtd. Avg. Exercise Price | |||||||
Balance at December 31, 2008 | 1,732,506 | 2,487,654 | $ | 17.33 | 447,854 | $ | 14.01 | ||||
Granted – options | (756,000) | 756,000 | 6.12 | — | — | ||||||
Exercised | — | (14,747) | 4.72 | — | — | ||||||
Forfeited or expired | 55,000 | (55,000) | 22.76 | — | — | ||||||
Balance at December 31, 2009 | 1,031,506 | 3,173,907 | $ | 14.63 | 696,407 | $ | 17.68 | ||||
Granted – options | (443,500) | 443,500 | 10.50 | — | — | ||||||
Granted – restricted stock | (85,000) | 85,000 | — | — | — | ||||||
Exercised | — | (21,851) | 4.69 | — | — | ||||||
Forfeited or expired | 5,200 | (5,200) | 24.39 | — | — | ||||||
Balance at March 31, 2010 | 508,206 | 3,675,356 | $ | 13.84 | 1,196,906 | $ | 20.65 | ||||
The total intrinsic value of options and restricted stock outstanding, exercisable and exercised for and during the three months ended March 31, 2010 was $14,494 and $1,905 and $126, respectively. The weighted average fair value for options and restricted stock granted during the three months ended March 31, 2010 and the year ended December 31, 2009 was $7.11 and $3.50, respectively. The weighted average remaining contractual term of options and restricted stock outstanding and exercisable at March 31, 2010 was 5.98 and 3.28 years, respectively.
Between January 1, 2010 and March 31, 2010, the Company granted to certain employees and officers options to purchase an aggregate of 443,500 shares of the Company's common stock at prevailing market price of $10.50 per share.
On February 17, 2010, the Company granted to certain executive officers shares of restricted stock in aggregate of 85,000 shares, which will vest 25% per year on each of February 17, 2011, February 17, 2012, February 17, 2013 and February 17, 2014. In the event the certain executive officer ceases to be an employee before these shares are fully vested, the unvested restricted shares units will be forfeited to the Issuer. The grant date fair value of the restricted stock was $10.50 per share.
Between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2009, the Company granted options to certain employees, officers and non-employee directors options to purchase an aggregate of 756,000 shares of the Company's common stock at a weighted exercise price of $6.12 per share. The Company granted the options at prevailing market prices ranging from $4.74 to $13.38 per share.
Kenexa Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(All amounts in thousands, except share and per share data, unless noted otherwise)
12. Stock Plans (continued)
A summary of the status of the Company’s unvested stock options and restricted stock for the periods ended March 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009 is presented below:
Nonvested Shares | Shares | Wtd. Avg. Grant Date Fair Value | ||||
Nonvested at December 31, 2008 | 2,039,800 | $ | 8.24 | |||
Granted – options | 756,000 | 3.50 | ||||
Vested | (279,000 | ) | 9.21 | |||
Forfeited or expired | (39,300 | ) | 11.11 | |||
Nonvested at December 31, 2009 | 2,477,500 | 6.34 | ||||
Granted – options | 443,500 | 6.46 | ||||
Granted – restricted stock | 85,000 | 10.50 | ||||
Vested | (522,750 | ) | 10.43 | |||
Forfeited or expired | (4,800 | ) | 11.51 | |||
Nonvested at March 31, 2010 | 2,478,450 | $ | 5.63 |
In accordance with FASB ASC 718, “Compensation-Stock Compensation,” excess tax benefits, associated with the expense recognized for financial reporting purposes, realized upon the exercise of stock options are presented as a financing cash inflow rather than as a reduction of income taxes paid in our consolidated statement of cash flows. In addition, the Company classifies share-based compensation within cost of revenues, sales and marketing, general and administrative expenses and research and development corresponding to the same line as the cash compensation paid to respective employees, officers and non-employee directors.
The following table shows total share-based compensation expense included in the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Operations:
Three months ended March 31, | ||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||
Cost of revenue | $ | 84 | $ | 110 | ||
Sales and marketing | 290 | 239 | ||||
General and administrative | 820 | 808 | ||||
Research and development | 97 | 88 | ||||
Pre-tax share-based compensation | 1,291 | 1,245 | ||||
Income tax benefit | — | — | ||||
Share-based compensation expense, net | $ | 1,291 | $ | 1,245 |
Kenexa Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(All amounts in thousands, except share and per share data, unless noted otherwise)
12. Stock Plans (continued)
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
The Employee Stock Purchase Plan, which was approved in May 2006, enables substantially all U.S. and foreign employees to purchase shares of our common stock at a 5% discounted offering price off the closing market price of our common stock on the Nasdaq National Market, LLC on the offering date. We have granted rights to purchase up to 500,000 common shares to our employees under the Plan. The Plan is not considered a compensatory plan in accordance with FASB ASC 718 and requires no compensation expense to be recognized. Shares of our common stock purchased under the employee stock purchase plan were 10,188 and 42,212 for the periods ended March 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively. As of March 31, 2010 the shares of common stock available to purchase under the employee stock purchase plan were 410,307.
13. Related Party Transactions
One of the Company's directors, Barry M. Abelson, is a partner in the law firm of Pepper Hamilton LLP. This firm has represented the Company since 1997. For the three months ended March 31, 2010 and 2009, the Company paid Pepper Hamilton LLP, net of insurance coverage, $258 and $27, respectively, for general legal matters. The increase in payments to Pepper Hamilton LLP for the three months ended March 31, 2010 as compared to previous years resulted from our class action suits. The amount payable to Pepper Hamilton as of March 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009 was $272 and $202, respectively.
Kenexa Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(All amounts in thousands, except share and per share data, unless noted otherwise)
14. Geographic Information
The following table summarizes the distribution of revenue by geographic region as determined by billing address for the three months ended March 31, 2010 and 2009.
For the three months ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
Country | Amount | Percent of Revenues | Amount | Percent of Revenues | ||||||||||
United States | $ | 30,818 | 77.7 | % | $ | 32,520 | 83.7 | % | ||||||
United Kingdom | 2,634 | 6.6 | % | 2,238 | 5.8 | % | ||||||||
Other European Countries | 1,720 | 4.4 | % | 1,577 | 4.1 | % | ||||||||
Other | 1,536 | 3.9 | % | 1,055 | 2.7 | % | ||||||||
Germany | 1,077 | 2.7 | % | 928 | 2.4 | % | ||||||||
China | 907 | 2.3 | % | — | 0.0 | % | ||||||||
Canada | 635 | 1.6 | % | 41 | 0.1 | % | ||||||||
The Netherlands | 337 | 0.8 | % | 472 | 1.2 | % | ||||||||
Total | $ | 39,664 | 100.0 | % | $ | 38,831 | 100.0 | % |
The following table summarizes the distribution of assets by geographic region as of March 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009.
March 31, 2010 | December 31, 2009 | |||||||||||||
Country | Assets | Assets as a percentage of total assets | Assets | Assets as a percentage of total assets | ||||||||||
United States | $ | 158,936 | 77.3 | % | $ | 161,351 | 79.7 | % | ||||||
United Kingdom | 13,192 | 6.4 | % | 14,125 | 7.0 | % | ||||||||
India | 11,714 | 5.7 | % | 9,943 | 4.9 | % | ||||||||
Ireland | 11,495 | 5.6 | % | 4,182 | 2.1 | % | ||||||||
China | 2,999 | 1.4 | % | 2,962 | 1.5 | % | ||||||||
Germany | 2,606 | 1.3 | % | 4,381 | 2.2 | % | ||||||||
Canada | 2,489 | 1.2 | % | 2,574 | 1.3 | % | ||||||||
Other | 2,229 | 1.1 | % | 2,825 | 1.3 | % | ||||||||
Total | $ | 205,660 | 100.0 | % | $ | 202,343 | 100.0 | % |
Item 2: Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including the following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, that involve a number of risks and uncertainties. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, plans, objectives, expectations and intentions and other statements contained herein that are not historical facts and statements identified by words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates” or words of similar meaning. These statements may contain, among other things, guidance as to future revenue and earnings, operations, prospects of the business generally, intellectual property and the development of products. These statements are based on our current beliefs or expectations and are inherently subject to various risks and uncertainties, including those set forth under the caption “Risk Factors” in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, as amended and supplemented under the caption “Risk Factors” in our subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Actual results may differ materially from these expectations due to changes in global political, economic, business, competitive, market and regulatory factors, our ability to implement business and acquisition strategies or to complete or integrate acquisitions. We do not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statements contained herein as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. References herein to “Kenexa,” “we,” “our,” and “us” collectively refer to Kenexa Corporation, a Pennsylvania corporation, and all of its direct and indirect U.S., U.K., Canada, India, and other foreign subsidiaries.
1. Overview
We provide software, proprietary content and services that enable organizations to more effectively recruit and retain employees. Our solutions are built around a suite of easily configurable software applications that automate talent acquisition and employee performance management best practices. We offer the software applications that form the core of our on-demand solutions, which materially reduces the costs and risks associated with deploying traditional enterprise applications. We complement our software applications with tailored combinations of outsourcing services, proprietary content and consulting services based on our 22 years of experience assisting customers in addressing their Human Resource (HR) requirements. Together, our software applications and services form complete and highly effective solutions available from a single vendor. We believe that these solutions enable our customers to improve the effectiveness of their talent acquisition programs, increase employee productivity and retention, measure key HR metrics and make their talent acquisition and employee performance management programs more efficient.
We sell our solutions to large and medium-sized organizations through our direct sales force. As of December 31, 2009, we had a customer base of approximately 4,900 companies, including approximately 170 companies on the Fortune 500 list published in May 2009. Our customer base includes companies that we billed for services during the 12 months ended December 31, 2009 and does not necessarily indicate an ongoing relationship with each such customer. Our top 80 customers contributed approximately $21.6 million or 54.4% of our total revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2010.
Our customers typically purchase multi-year subscriptions which provide us with a recurring revenue stream. During the three months ended March 31, 2010 and year ended December 31, 2009, our customers renewed approximately 82% and 80%, respectively, of the aggregate value of multi-year subscriptions for our on-demand talent acquisition and performance management solution contracts subject to renewal. This renewal rate provides us with a strong base of recurring revenue. We believe that our strong customer relationships provide us with a meaningful opportunity to cross-sell additional solutions to our existing customers and to achieve greater penetration within an organization. We expect to continue to create innovative programs designed to provide our employees with strong incentives to maximize the value we provide to each of our customers and as the business environment improves we expect renewal rates to improve to our historical renewal rate of approximately 90% from a long-term perspective.
In March 2010, with a slight drop in the unemployment rate and a recent increase interest in our product offerings, some of the uncertainties surrounding our business began to lessen. In light of these two factors, we are now cautiously optimistic in the short term and more optimistic in the intermediate to longer term around our prospects for continue growth. However, given the fragility of the economic recovery the timing of this anticipated growth continues to be extremely difficult to predict. We continue to believe that, by optimizing our internal resources for the changing business conditions, we can minimize these adverse effects and emerge from this economic crisis with a return to our historic operating margins.
2. Recent Events
On January 20, 2009, we entered into an ownership interest transfer agreement with Shanghai Runjie Management Consulting Company, (“R and J”) in Shanghai, China for $1.3 million. The initial investment provided us with a 46% ownership in the new entity Shanghai Kenexa Human Resources Consulting Co., Ltd., (the “variable interest entity”) and a presence in China’s human capital management market. The agreement with R and J also provided for a 1% annual ownership increase based upon adjusted EBITDA, as defined, for each of the years ended 2008, 2009 and 2010. In the third and fourth quarter of 2009, based upon the 2008 operating results for R and J, we paid an additional $0.2 million for an additional 1% ownership interest in the variable interest entity. The variable interest entity was financed with $0.3 million in initial equity contributions from us and R and J, and has no borrowings for which its assets would be used as collateral. On September 30, 2009 we provided $0.2 million of financing for the variable interest entity. The creditors of the variable interest entity do not have recourse to our other assets.
On May 21, 2009, we elected not to renew our secured credit agreement with PNC Bank. We believe that our cash, short-term investments, UBS Settlement Agreement for our auction rate securities and projected cash from operations will be sufficient to meet our liquidity needs for at least the next twelve months.
On June 11, 2009 and July 16, 2009, two putative class actions were filed against Kenexa Corporation and our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, purportedly on behalf of a class of our investors who purchased our publicly traded securities between May 8, 2007 and November 7, 2007. The complaint filed on July 16, 2009 has since been voluntarily dismissed. In the pending action, Building Trades United Pension Trust Fund, individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated alleges violations of Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 ("Exchange Act"), Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder and Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act in connection with various public statements made by Kenexa. This action seeks unspecified damages, attorneys’ fees and expenses.
3. Sources of Revenue
We derive revenue primarily from two sources: (1) subscription revenue for our solutions, which is comprised of subscription fees from customers accessing our on-demand software, consulting services, outsourcing services and proprietary content, and from customers purchasing additional support that is not included in the basic subscription fee; and (2) fees for discrete professional services.
Our customers primarily purchase renewable subscriptions for our solutions. The typical term is one to three years, with some terms extending up to five years. The majority of our subscription agreements are not cancelable for convenience although our customers have the right to terminate their contracts for cause if we fail to provide the agreed upon services or otherwise breach the agreement. A customer does not generally have a right to a refund of any advance payments if the contract is cancelled. Due to the current economic slowdown, a greater number of our customers are delaying or seeking to revise the terms and conditions of our service agreements. As a result, during the three months ended March 31, 2010 and year ended December 31, 2009 our customers renewed approximately 82% and 80%, respectively, of the aggregate value of multi-year subscriptions for our on-demand talent acquisition and performance management solution contracts subject to renewal during the period rather than our historical renewal rate of approximately 90%. As the business environment improves we expect renewal rates to improve to the 90% range from a long-term perspective.
Consistent with our historical practices, revenue derived from subscription fees is recognized ratably over the term of the subscription agreement. We generally invoice our customers in advance in quarterly installments and typical payment terms provide that our customers pay us within 30 days of invoice. Amounts that have been invoiced are recorded in accounts receivable prior to the receipt of payment and in deferred revenue to the extent revenue recognition criteria have not been met. As of March 31, 2010, deferred revenue increased by $4.5 million or 9.1% to $54.5 million from $50.0 million at December 31, 2009. The increase in deferred revenue is a result of the increase in sales of our multiple elements or bundled arrangements. We generally price our solutions based on the number of software applications and services included and the number of customer employees. Accordingly, subscription fees are generally greater for larger organizations and for those that subscribe for a broader array of software applications and services.
We derive other revenue from the sale of discrete professional services, and translation services as well as from out-of-pocket expenses. The majority of our other revenue is derived from discrete professional services, which primarily consist of consulting and training services. This revenue is recognized differently depending on the type of service provided as described in greater detail below under “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates.”
For the three months ended March 31, 2010, approximately 77.7% of our total revenue was derived from sales in the United States. Revenue that we generated from customers in the United Kingdom, Germany and China was approximately 6.6%, 2.7% and 2.3%, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2010. Revenue for all other countries amounted to an aggregate of 10.7%. Other than the countries listed, no other country represented more than 2.0% of our total revenue for the quarter ended March 31, 2010.
4. Key Performance Indicators
The following tables summarize the key performance indicators that we consider to be material in managing our business, in thousands (other than percentages):
For the year ended December 31, | For the three months ended March 31, | |||||||||||
2009 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||
(unaudited) | (unaudited) | |||||||||||
Total Revenue | $ | 157,669 | $ | 39,664 | $ | 38,831 | ||||||
Subscription revenue as a percentage of total revenue | 84.9 | % | 83.8 | % | 85.7 | % | ||||||
Non-GAAP income from operations | $ | 15,915 | $ | 2,274 | $ | 3,932 | ||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 35,320 | $ | 8,806 | $ | 8,880 | ||||||
As of December 31, | As of March 31, | ||||||||||
2009 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||
Deferred revenue | $ | 49,964 | $ | 54,504 | $ | 41,427 |
The following is a discussion of significant terms used in the tables above.
Subscription revenue as a percentage of total revenue. Subscription revenue as a percentage of total revenue can be derived from our consolidated statements of operations. This performance indicator illustrates the evolution of our business towards subscription-based solutions, which provides us with a recurring revenue stream and which we believe to be a more compelling revenue growth and profitability opportunity. We expect that the percentage of subscription revenue will be within a target range of 78% to 82% of our total revenues in 2010.
Net cash provided by operating activities. Net cash provided by operating activities is taken from our consolidated statement of cash flows and represents the amount of cash generated by our operations that is available for investing and financing activities. Generally, our net cash provided by operating activities has exceeded our operating income primarily due to the positive impact of deferred revenue, the add-back of non-cash goodwill impairment charges and more recently due to the collection of accounts receivables. It is possible that this trend may vary as business conditions change.
Deferred revenue. We generate revenue primarily from multi-year subscriptions for our on-demand talent acquisition and employee performance management solutions. We recognize revenue from these subscription agreements ratably over the hosting period, which is typically one to three years. We generally invoice our customers in quarterly or monthly installments in advance. Deferred revenue, which is included in our consolidated balance sheets, is the amount of invoiced subscriptions in excess of the amount recognized as revenue. Deferred revenue represents, in part, the amount that we will record as revenue in our consolidated statements of operations in future periods. As the subscription component of our revenue has grown and customer willingness to pay us in advance for their subscriptions has increased, the amount of deferred revenue on our balance sheet has grown. It is possible that this trend may vary as business conditions change.
The following table reconciles beginning and ending deferred revenue for each of the periods shown:
For the year ended December 31, | For the three months ended March 31, | |||||||||||
2009 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||
(unaudited) | (unaudited) | |||||||||||
Deferred revenue at the beginning of the year | $ | 38,638 | $ | 49,964 | $ | 38,638 | ||||||
Total invoiced subscriptions during the period | 145,180 | 37,792 | 36,054 | |||||||||
Subscription revenue recognized during the period | (133,854 | ) | (33,252 | ) | (33,265 | ) | ||||||
Deferred revenue at end of period | $ | 49,964 | $ | 54,504 | $ | 41,427 |
Non-GAAP income from operations. Non-GAAP income from operations is derived from income (loss) from operations adjusted for noncash or nonrecurring expenses. We believe that measuring our operations, using non-GAAP income from operations provides more useful information to management and investors regarding certain financial and business trends relating to our financial condition and ongoing results. We use these measures to compare our performance to that of prior periods for trend analyses, for purposes of determining executive incentive compensation, and for budget and planning purposes. These measures are used in monthly financial reports prepared for management and in quarterly financial reports presented to our Board of Directors. We believe that the use of these non-GAAP financial measures provides an additional tool for investors to use in evaluating ongoing operating results and trends and in comparing its financial measures with other companies in our industry, many of which present similar non-GAAP financial measures to investors.
We do not consider such non-GAAP measures in isolation or as an alternative to such measures determined in accordance with GAAP. The principal limitation of such non-GAAP financial measures is that they exclude significant expenses that are required by GAAP to be recorded. In addition, they are subject to inherent limitations as they reflect the exercise of judgments by management about which charges are excluded from the non-GAAP financial measures.
In order to compensate for these limitations, we present our non-GAAP financial measures in connection with our GAAP results. We urge investors to review the reconciliation of our non-GAAP financial measures to the comparable GAAP financial measures included below, and not to rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our business.
For the year ended December 31, | For the three months ended March 31, | ||||||||||
2009 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||
(unaudited) | (unaudited) | ||||||||||
(Loss) income from operations | $ | (29,035 | ) | $ | 62 | $ | (33,568 | ) | |||
Share-based compensation expense | 5,364 | 1,291 | 1,245 | ||||||||
Amortization of acquired intangibles | 4,475 | 921 | 1,083 | ||||||||
Professional fees associated with variable interest entity | 687 | — | 687 | ||||||||
Severance expense | 1,156 | — | 1,156 | ||||||||
Goodwill impairment charge | 33,329 | — | 33,329 | ||||||||
Noncontrolling interests | (61 | ) | — | — | |||||||
Non-GAAP income from operations | $ | 15,915 | $ | 2,274 | $ | 3,932 |
Our non-GAAP financial measures as set forth in the table above exclude the following:
Share-based compensation. Share-based compensation consists of expenses for stock options and stock awards that we began recording in accordance with ASC 718 during the first quarter of 2006. Share-based compensation expenses are excluded in our non-GAAP financial measures because share-based compensation amounts are difficult to forecast. This is due in part to the magnitude of the charges which depends upon the volume and timing of stock option grants, which are unpredictable and can vary dramatically from period to period, and external factors such as interest rates and the trading price and volatility of our common stock. We believe that this exclusion provides meaningful supplemental information regarding our operating results because these non-GAAP financial measures facilitate the comparison of results for future periods with results from past periods. The dilutive effect of all outstanding options is included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share on both a GAAP and a non-GAAP basis.
Amortization of intangibles associated with acquisitions. In accordance with GAAP, operating expenses include amortization of acquired intangible assets which are amortized over the estimated useful lives of such assets. Amortization of acquired intangible assets is excluded from our non-GAAP financial measures because we believe that such exclusion facilitates comparisons to its historical operating results and to the results of other companies in the same industry, which have their own unique acquisition histories.
Professional fees associated with variable interest entity. These charges are related to our variable interest entity in China. We believe that such exclusion facilitates comparisons to our historical operating results and to the results of other companies in the same industry, which have their own unique acquisition histories.
Severance expense. These charges were excluded in computing our non-GAAP income to facilitate a more meaningful comparison to the prior year’s results.
Goodwill impairment charge. We recorded a non-cash goodwill impairment charge as a result of a substantial decrease in our stock price, reflecting the impact of the unprecedented turmoil in world economies and the resultant impact on our operations.
Noncontrolling interests. Noncontrolling interest includes income from operations due to our variable interest entity partner and is excluded from the calculation of non-GAAP net income from operations because it is unrelated to our ownership in the venture.
5. Results of Operations
Three months ended March 31, 2010 compared to three months ended March 31, 2009
The following table sets forth for the periods indicated, the amount and percentage of total revenues represented by certain items reflected in our unaudited consolidated statements of operations:
Kenexa Corporation Consolidated Statements of Operations
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
For the three months ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||||||
Amount | Percent of Revenues | Amount | Percent of Revenues | ||||||||||||
Revenue: | |||||||||||||||
Subscription | $ | 33,252 | 83.8 | % | $ | 33,265 | 85.7 | % | |||||||
Other | 6,412 | 16.2 | % | 5,566 | 14.3 | % | |||||||||
Total revenue | 39,664 | 100.0 | % | 38,831 | 100.0 | % | |||||||||
Cost of revenue | 13,811 | 34.8 | % | 13,696 | 35.3 | % | |||||||||
Gross profit | 25,853 | 65.2 | % | 25,135 | 64.7 | % | |||||||||
Operating expenses: | |||||||||||||||
Sales and marketing | 9,640 | 24.3 | % | 8,705 | 22.4 | % | |||||||||
General and administrative | 9,831 | 24.8 | % | 10,873 | 28.0 | % | |||||||||
Research and development | 2,284 | 5.8 | % | 2,568 | 6.6 | % | |||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 4,036 | 10.2 | % | 3,228 | 8.3 | % | |||||||||
Goodwill impairment charge | — | — | % | 33,329 | 85.8 | % | |||||||||
Total operating expenses | 25,791 | 65.1 | % | 58,703 | 151.1 | % | |||||||||
Income (loss) from operations | 62 | 0.1 | % | (33,568 | ) | (86.4 | ) % | ||||||||
Interest income, net | 146 | 0.4 | % | 63 | 0.2 | % | |||||||||
Loss on change in fair market value of ARS and put option, net | (31 | ) | (0.1 | ) % | (295 | ) | (0.8 | ) % | |||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes | 177 | 0.4 | % | (33,800 | ) | (87.0 | ) % | ||||||||
Income tax expense | 133 | 0.3 | % | 482 | 1.2 | % | |||||||||
Net income (loss) | 44 | 0.1 | % | (34,282 | ) | (88.2 | ) % | ||||||||
Income allocated to noncontrolling interests | (62 | ) | (0.2 | ) % | — | — | % | ||||||||
Net loss allocable to common shareholders | $ | (18 | ) | (0.1 | ) % | $ | (34,282 | ) | (88.2 | ) % |
Revenue
Total revenue increased $0.9 million or 2.1% to $39.7 million, subscription revenue remained the same at $33.3 million and other revenue increased $0.9 million or 15.2 % to $6.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2010, compared to the same period in 2009. Subscription revenue represented approximately 83.8% of our total revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2010. The increase in revenue is attributable primarily to our adoption of ASU 2009-13, which contributed $0.7 million to the increase. Deferred implementation costs recognized in connection with our adoption of ASU 2009-13 were approximately $0.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2010. Based upon the current market conditions, we expect our subscription-based and other revenues to increase in 2010 over the prior year due to stabilization in the unemployment rate, slightly improved business environment and continued acceptance of our talent management solutions on-demand model.
Cost of Revenue
Our cost of revenue primarily consists of compensation, employee benefits and out-of-pocket travel-related expenses for our employees and independent contractors who provide consulting or other professional services to our customers. Additionally, our application hosting costs, amortization of third-party license royalty costs, technical support personnel costs, overhead allocated based on headcount and reimbursed expenses are also recorded as cost of revenue. Many factors affect our cost of revenue, including changes in the mix of products and services, pricing trends, changes in the amount of reimbursed expenses and fluctuations in our customer base. Because cost as a percentage of revenue is higher for professional services than for software products, an increase in the services component of our solutions or an increase in discrete professional services as a percentage of our total revenue would reduce gross profit as a percentage of total revenue. As our revenues begin to increase, we expect our cost of revenue to increase proportionately, subject to pricing pressure related to economic conditions and slightly influenced by the mix of services and software. To the extent new customers are added, we expect that the cost of services, as a percentage of revenue, will be greater than those services associated with existing customers.
Cost of revenue increased by $0.1 million or 0.8% to $13.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2010, compared to the same period in 2009. The $0.1 million increase for the three months ended March 31, 2010 was due to a reduction in severance expense of $0.7 million offset by an increase in staff related expense of $0.8 million. As a percentage of revenue cost of revenue decreased by 0.5% to 34.8% for the three months ended March 31, 2010, compared to the same period in 2009.
Sales and Marketing Expense
Sales and marketing expenses primarily consist of personnel and related costs for employees engaged in sales and marketing, including salaries, commissions, and other variable compensation, travel expenses and costs associated with trade shows, advertising and other marketing efforts and allocated overhead. We expense our sales commissions at the time the related revenue is recognized, and we recognize revenue from our subscription agreements ratably over the terms of the agreements. Consistent with our past practice, we intend to continue to invest in sales and marketing to pursue new customers and expand relationships with existing customers at levels we deem appropriate given our current economic conditions. We expect our sales and marketing expense to increase from current levels, mainly due to increased staff expense and continued emphasis on our rebranding effort.
Sales and marketing expense increased $1.0 million or 10.7 % to $9.7 million during the three months ended March 31, 2010, compared to the same period in 2009. The $1.0 million increase for the three months ended March 31, 2010 was due primarily to increased staff and staff related expense and travel expense which totaled $1.2 million, partically offset by a $0.2 decrease in severance expense. In addition, third party consultants and marketing expense of $0.5 million was offset by a decrease in bonus expense of $0.5 million compared to the same period in 2009. As a percentage of revenue, sales and marketing expense increased from 22.4 % to 24.3%, for the three months ended March 31, 2010.
General and Administrative Expense
General and administrative expenses primarily consist of personnel and related costs for our executive, finance, human resources and administrative personnel, professional fees and other corporate expenses and allocated overhead. We expect general and administrative expenses to increase in the short term as we incur additional professional fees in connection with our patent infringement matter, however, in the longer term based upon the current state of the economy, we believe that general and administrative expenses will remain the same or slightly increase in dollar amount and remain constant as a percentage of total revenue in 2010.
General and administrative expense decreased $1.1 million or 9.6% to $9.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2010, compared to the same period in 2009. The $1.1 million decrease for the three months ended March 31, 2010 was due primarily to a decrease in staff related expense, severance, bonus, and professional fees of $0.4 million, $0.2 million, $0.2 million, and $0.3 million, respectively, during the three months ended March 31, 2010, compared to the same period in 2009. The decrease in professional fees is comprised of a reduction in variable interest entity setup fees of $0.6 million partially offset by an increase in litigation expense of $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2010, compared to the same period in 2009. As a percentage of revenue, general and administrative expense decreased from approximately 28.0% to 24.8% for the three months ended March 31, 2010, compared to the same period in 2009.
Research and Development (“R&D”) Expense
Research and development expenses primarily consist of personnel and related costs, including salaries, and employee benefits, for software engineers, quality assurance engineers, product managers, technical sales engineers and management information systems personnel and third party consultants. Our research and development efforts have been devoted primarily to new product offerings and enhancements and upgrades to our existing products. We expect research and development expenses to remain flat or increase slightly as we continue to execute on our strategies which include furthering the common services enterprise architecture, introducing Kenexa 2x modules, and continuing to develop feature enhancements.
Research and development expense decreased $0.3 million or 11.1% to $2.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2010, compared to the same period in 2009. The $0.3 million decrease was due primarily to a reduction in staff expense, which included $0.1 million of severance expense. As a percentage of revenue, research and development expense decreased from approximately 6.6% to 5.8% for the three months ended March 31, 2010, compared to the same period in 2009.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization expense increased $0.8 million or 25.0% to $4.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2010, compared to the same period in 2009. The $0.8 million increase was due primarily to increased depreciation expense associated with our capitalized software and equipment purchases. In the future, we expect depreciation and amortization expense to increase due to recent capital purchases and as we place our software development costs into service. The increase in capitalized software development costs is directly attributable to an increase in the software development projects qualifying for capitalization, pursuant to ASC 350-40, “Internal-Use Software.”
Income Tax Expense
Income tax expense decreased $0.3 million or 72.4% to $0.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2010, compared to the same period in 2009. The decrease in income tax expense is primarily due to lower taxable income and a larger portion of our taxable income being generated in jurisdictions with lower effective tax rates and also decreasing in jurisdictions with higher tax rates.
6. Liquidity and Capital Resources
Since we were formed in 1987, we have financed our operations primarily through internally generated cash flows, our revolving credit facilities and the issuance of equity. As of March 31, 2010, we had cash and cash equivalents of $38.3 million and investments of $24.3 million. In addition, we had no debt and approximately $0.4 million in capital equipment leases. Cash held in foreign denominated currencies were $17.7 million or 46.3% of our total cash balance as of March 31, 2010. A ten percent change in the exchange rate of the underlying currencies would have a material impact on our foreign exchange impact on cash on our statement of cash flows.
Our cash provided from operations was $8.8 million and $8.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2010 and 2009. Cash provided by and (used in) investing activities was $0.4 million and $(3.2) million for the three months ended March 31, 2010 and 2009. Cash provided by financing activities was $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2010 and less than $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009. Our net increase in cash and cash equivalents was $9.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2010, resulting primarily from our operating activities. Our net increase in cash and cash equivalents was $5.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009, resulting primarily from our operating activities. While our investing and financing activities have been significant over the past three years, we expect positive cash flow from operations to continue in future periods.
As of March 31, 2010, we held auction rate securities with a fair value of $10.2 million and par value of $11.3 million. Our auction rate securities portfolio includes investments rated A, AA and AAA and are comprised of federally and privately insured student loans. The auction rate securities we hold have continued to fail to trade at recent auctions due to insufficient bids from buyers. This limits the short-term liquidity of these instruments and may limit our ability to liquidate and fully recover the carrying value of our auction rate securities if we needed to convert some or all to cash in the near term. Despite the current lack of liquidity in the auction rate security market, we believe our current cash and cash equivalent balances and cash from operations will be sufficient to fund our operations.
Our auction rate securities were acquired through UBS AG. Due to the failure of the auction rate market in early 2008, UBS and other major banks entered into agreements with governmental agencies to provide liquidity to owners of auction rate securities. In November 2008, we entered into an agreement with UBS which provides us (1) with a “no net cost” loan up to the par value of Eligible ARS until September 30, 2010, (2) the right to sell these auction rate securities back to UBS AG at par, at our sole discretion, anytime during the period from June 30, 2010 through July 2, 2012, and (3) provides UBS AG the right to purchase these auction rate securities or sell them on our behalf at par anytime through July 2, 2012. Refer to Footnote 3 – Investments of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
On May 31, 2009, we elected not to renew our secured credit agreement with our bank and as a result, no longer have a revolving credit facility or other debt financing arrangement. We believe that our cash and short-term investments, our UBS Settlement Agreement for our auction rate securities and our projected cash from operations will be sufficient to meet our liquidity needs for at least the next twelve months.
Operating Activities
Our largest source of operating cash flows is cash collections from our customers following the purchase and renewal of their software subscriptions. Payments from customers for subscription agreements are generally received near the beginning of the contract term, which can vary from one to three years in length. We also generate significant cash from our recruitment process outsourcing services and to a lesser extent our consulting services. Our primary uses of cash from operating activities are for personnel related expenditures as well as payments related to taxes and leased facilities.
Net cash provided by operating activities was $8.8 million and $8.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Net cash provided by operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2010 resulted primarily from non-cash charges to net income of approximately $5.5 million, an increase in deferred revenue of $4.7 million, and a decrease in accounts receivables of $1.4 million offset by changes in working capital of $2.8 million. Net cash provided by operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2009 resulted primarily from a net loss of approximately $34.3 million, changes in working capital of $2.7 million offset by non-cash charges to net income of $4.8 million, a non-cash goodwill impairment charge of $33.3 million, an increase in deferred revenue of $2.6 million, and a decrease in accounts receivables of approximately $5.2 million.
Investing Activities
Net cash provided by and (used in) investing activities was $0.4 million and $(3.2) million for the three months ended March 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Cash flows used in investing activities consisted primarily of adjustments for earnouts, taxes, escrow payments, acquisitions and additional capital equipment as follows:
For the three months ended March 31, 2010 | For the three months ended March 31, 2009 | |||||||
Quorum acquisition | $ | (1.6 | ) | $ | (0.4 | ) | ||
Capitalized software and purchases of property and equipment | (3.6 | ) | (3.0 | ) | ||||
Purchases of available-for-sale securities | (0.7 | ) | (0.8 | ) | ||||
Sales of available-for-sale securities | 2.2 | 1.2 | ||||||
Sales of trading securities | 4.1 | 1.2 | ||||||
Investment in joint venture | — | (1.4 | ) | |||||
Total cash flows provided by (used in) by investing activities | $ | 0.4 | $ | (3.2 | ) |
Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities was $0.1 million and less than $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2010, net cash provided by financing activity resulted primarily from net proceeds from stock option exercises of $0.1 million and share issuance from our employee stock purchase plan of $0.1 million partially offset by repayments of capital lease obligations and notes payable of $0.1 million.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and consolidated results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States. The preparation of our consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to uncollectible accounts receivable and accrued expenses. We base these estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Our actual results may differ from these estimates.
We believe that the following critical accounting policies affect our more significant estimates and judgments used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements:
Revenue Recognition
We derive our revenue from two sources: (1) subscription revenues for solutions, which are comprised of subscription fees from customers accessing our on-demand software, consulting services, outsourcing services and proprietary content, and from customers purchasing additional support beyond the standard support that is included in the basic subscription fee; and (2) other fees for professional services, translation services and reimbursed out-of-pocket expenses. Because we provide our solutions as a service, we follow the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) ASC 605-10, “Revenue Recognition” and FASB ASC 605-25 “Multiple Element Arrangements.” We recognize revenue when all of the following conditions are met:
• | there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement; |
• | the service has been provided to the customer; |
• | the collection of the fees is probable; and |
• | the amount of fees to be paid by the customer is fixed or determinable. |
Subscription Fees and Support Revenues. Subscription fees and support revenues are recognized ratably over the lives of the contracts. Amounts that have been invoiced are recorded in accounts receivable and in deferred revenue or revenue, depending on whether the revenue recognition criteria have been met.
Other Revenue. Other revenue consists of discrete professional services, translation services and reimbursable out-of-pocket expenses. Discrete professional services, when sold with subscription and support offerings, are accounted for separately since these services have value to the customer on a stand-alone basis and there is objective and reliable evidence of fair value of the delivered elements. Our arrangements do not contain general rights of return. Additionally, when professional services are sold with other elements, the consideration from the revenue arrangement is allocated among the separate elements based upon the relative fair value. Revenues from professional services are recognized based upon proportional performance as value is delivered to the customer.
In determining whether revenues from professional services can be accounted for separately from subscription revenue, we consider the following factors for each agreement: availability of professional services from other vendors, whether objective and reliable evidence of the fair value exists of the undelivered elements, the nature and the timing of when the agreement was signed in comparison to the subscription agreement start date and the contractual dependence of the subscription service on the customer's satisfaction with the other services. If the professional service does not qualify for separate accounting, we recognize the revenue ratably over the remaining term of the subscription contract. In these situations we defer the direct and incremental costs of the professional service over the same period as the revenue is recognized.
In accordance with FASB ASC 605-45, “Principal Agent Considerations,” we record reimbursements received for out-of-pocket expenses as revenue and not netted with the applicable costs. These items primarily include travel, meals and certain telecommunication costs. Reimbursed expenses totaled $0.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2010 and 2009.
Pursuant to the transition rules contained in Accounting Standards Update 2009-13 (“ASU 2009-13”), “Multiple Deliverable Revenue Arrangements,” we elected to adopt early the provisions included in the amendment effective January 1, 2010.
Based upon a review of our applicant tracking system arrangements (“ATS”) we determined that implementation services, previously combined with hosting fees as one unit of accounting, now qualify as a separate unit of accounting. This new approach is supported by the existence of our estimated selling prices for all of our deliverables within an ATS arrangement and the assertion that the delivered items within these arrangements, i.e. the implementation services, have standalone value. Under these arrangements, contract consideration will be allocated to each deliverable using the relative selling price method. As a result of this adoption, implementation revenue previously recognized over the license term, will be recognized in the period the service is provided which corresponds to value delivered to the customer.
In addition to modifying revenue recognition for ATS arrangements, the new guidance contained in ASU 2009-13 permits us to unbundle multiple products within an arrangement using the relative selling price method. Previously, these deliverables were treated as one unit of accounting with revenue under these arrangements being deferred until all products, for which we lacked objective evidence of fair value, were delivered. Under the new guidance, total consideration will be allocated to each product based using the relative selling price method and recognized as each product is delivered to the customer. In addition, the new guidance prohibits the use of the residual method for determining the value of delivered element.
Based upon a preliminary analysis we have determined that the adoption of ASU 2009-13 will not have a material impact on the financial statements after the initial adoption. This conclusion is based in part on the following facts:
• | Revenue that would have been recognized through March 31, 2010 if the related arrangements entered into or materially modified after the effective date were subject to the measurement requirements of ASC 605-25 would have been $0.7 million or 1.8% less than currently reported revenue of $39.7 million, for the three months ended March 31, 2010. | |
• | Revenue that would have been recognized in the year before the year of adoption if the arrangements accounted for under ASC 605-25 were subject to the new measurement requirements of ASU 2009-13 would have been $0.02 million or less than 0.01% greater than the reported revenue of $38.8 million, for the three months ended March 31, 2009. | |
• | Revenue recognized and deferred revenue as of and for the quarter ended March 31, 2010 from applying ASC 605-25 and ASU 2009-13: |
Revenue recognized | Deferred revenue | |||||
ASC 605-25 | $ | 39.0 | $ | 51.3 | ||
ASU 2009-13 | 0.7 | 3.2 | ||||
Total | $ | 39.7 | $ | 54.5 |
The new revenue guidance contained in ASU 2009-13 modifies the way we account for our ATS arrangements, by allowing us to separate the implementation services and corresponding license fees into two separate units of accounting. These two deliverables represent the primary elements in an ATS arrangement and are recognized upon performance or delivery of each service or product, respectively to the end customer. The implementation services are typically earned over a three to six month period, while the license fees are recognized over a two to five year period. These arrangements usually do not contain cancellation or refund-type provisions and may include termination for convenience clauses following a stated period of time or performance level commitments.
Multiple element arrangements consisting of multiple products are also impacted by the new revenue guidance. Under ASU 2009-13 total consideration for an arrangement is allocated to each product using the relative selling price method and revenue is recognized upon delivery of the product or service. Consistent with current practice, revenue may be deferred if the arrangement includes any unusual terms including extended payment terms, specified acceptance terms, or hold backs payable upon final acceptance of the product.
We utilize a pricing model for our products which considers market factors such as customer demand for its products, competitor’s pricing and the geographic regions where the products are sold. In addition, the model considers entity-specific factors such as volume based pricing, discounts for bundled products, total contract commitment and the number of required languages for the product. The pricing model for the individual or bundled arrangement includes a price floor amount, which provides for a 15% discount on the bundled price, and an actual quote to determine if the quote is within an acceptable range for management’s approval. Including this final verification in the model ensures that all of our selling prices are consistent and within an acceptable range for use with the relative selling price method.
While the pricing model, currently in use, captures all critical variables, unforeseen changes due to external market forces may result in us revising some of the inputs. These modifications may result in the consideration allocation differing from the one presently in use. Absent a significant change in the pricing inputs or the way in which the industry structures its deals, future changes in the pricing model are not expected to materially affect our allocation of arrangement consideration.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from customers’ inability to pay us. The provision is based on our historical experience and for specific customers that, in our opinion, are likely to default on our receivables from them. In order to identify these customers, we perform ongoing reviews of all customers that have breached their payment terms, as well as those that have filed for bankruptcy or for whom information has become available indicating a significant risk of non-recoverability. We rely on historical trends of bad debt as a percentage of total revenue and apply these percentages to the accounts receivable associated with new customers and evaluate these customers over time. To the extent that our future collections differ from our assumptions based on historical experience, the amount of our bad debt and allowance recorded may be different.
Capitalized Software Development Costs
In accordance with FASB ASC 985, “Software,” and FASB ASC 350, “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other,” costs incurred in the preliminary stages of a development project are expensed as incurred. Once an application has reached the development stage, internal and external costs, if direct and incremental, will be capitalized until the software is substantially complete and ready for its intended use. Capitalization ceases upon completion of all substantial testing. We also capitalize costs related to specific upgrades and enhancements when it is probable the expenditures will result in additional functionality. Maintenance and training cost are expensed as incurred. Internal use software is amortized on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life, generally three years. Management evaluates the useful lives of these assets on an annual basis and tests for impairments whenever events or changes in circumstances occur that could impact the recoverability of these assets. There were no impairments to internal software in any of the periods covered in this report. We have capitalized software costs of $2.7 million and $9.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2010 and the year ended December 31, 2009, respectively.
Goodwill and Other Identified Intangible Asset Impairment
Since 2002, we have recorded goodwill in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC 350, “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other,” which requires us to annually review the carrying value of goodwill for impairment. If goodwill becomes impaired, some or all of the goodwill would be written off as a charge to operations. This comparison is performed annually or more frequently if circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the reporting unit below its carrying amount.
During the quarter ended December 31, 2008 we reevaluated our goodwill, due to adverse changes in the economic climate, a 49.5% decline in our market capitalization from October 1, 2008 (our annual testing date), and a downward revision in our earnings guidance for the quarter and year ended December 31, 2008. These factors signaled a triggering event, which required us to determine whether and to what extent our goodwill may have been impaired as of December 31, 2008. The first step of this analysis requires the estimation of our fair value, as an entity, and is calculated based on the observable market capitalization with a range of estimated control premiums as well as discounted future estimated cash flows. This step yielded an estimated fair value for us which was less than our carrying value including goodwill at December 31, 2008. The next step entails performing an analysis to determine whether the carrying amount of goodwill on our balance sheet exceeds our implied fair value. The implied fair value of our goodwill, for this step was determined in the same manner as goodwill recognized in a business combination. Our estimated fair value was allocated to our assets and liabilities, including any unrecognized identifiable intangible assets, as if we had been acquired in a business combination with our estimated fair value representing the price paid to acquire it. The allocation process performed on the test date was only for purposes of determining the implied fair value of goodwill with neither the write up or write down of any assets or liabilities, nor recording any additional unrecognized identifiable intangible assets as part of this process as of December 31, 2008. Based on the analysis, we determined that the implied fair value of goodwill was $32.4 million, resulting in a goodwill impairment charge of $167.0 million. The goodwill impairment charge had no effect on our cash balances.
During the quarter ended March 31, 2009 we reevaluated our goodwill due to continued adverse changes in the economic climate, a 32.5% decline in our market capitalization from December 31, 2008 through March 31, 2009 and a downward revision in internal projections. These factors signaled a triggering event, which required us to determine whether and to what extent our goodwill may have been impaired as of March 31, 2009. The allocation process performed on the test date was only for purposes of determining the implied fair value of goodwill with no assets or liabilities written up or down, nor any additional unrecognized identifiable intangible assets recorded as part of this process. Based on the analysis, a goodwill impairment charge of $33.3 million was recorded to write off the remaining balance of our goodwill for the quarter ended March 31, 2009. The goodwill impairment charge had no effect on our cash balances. We conducted the 2009 annual evaluation of goodwill for impairment and determined that there was no impairment at October 1, 2009. We determined there was no triggering event at December 31, 2009 and March 31, 2010 which could require an impairment analysis.
Classification and Fair Value Measurement of Auction Rate Securities
We hold investments in auction rate securities having contractual maturities of greater than one year and interest rate reset features of between 7 and 35 days. These auction rate securities were priced and initially traded as short-term investments because of the interest rate reset feature. During 2008, as a result of the deterioration in the credit markets, our auction rate securities failed to trade at auctions due to insufficient bids from buyers. The credit market crisis led to uncertainty surrounding the liquidity of our auction rate security investments and required us to reclassify our auction rate securities to long-term investments. In June 2009, due to our ability to liquidate these securities within the next twelve months, we reclassified our auction rate securities to short-term investments on our Consolidated Balance Sheet. These securities will continue to accrue interest at the contractual rate and will be auctioned every 90 days until sold.
Due to the failure of the auction rate market in early 2008, UBS AG and other major banks entered into discussions with government agencies to provide liquidity to owners of auction rate securities. In November 2008, we entered into an agreement (the “UBS Settlement Agreement”) with UBS AG which provides us (1) with a “no net cost” loan up to the par value of Eligible ARS until June 30, 2010, (2) the right to sell these auction rate securities back to UBS AG at par, at our sole discretion, anytime during the period from June 30, 2010 through July 2, 2012, and (3) UBS AG the right to purchase these auction rate securities or sell them on our behalf at par anytime through July 2, 2012 (See Footnote 3 – Investments of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements). Following the execution of the UBS Settlement Agreement, we determined that we no longer had the intent to hold the ARS until either maturity or recovery of the ARS market. Based on this unusual circumstance related to the execution of the UBS Settlement Agreement, we transferred these investments from available–for-sale to trading securities and began recording the change in fair value of the ARS as gains or losses in current statement of operations. As of March 31, 2010, our auction rate securities, which were acquired through UBS AG, had a par value of $11.3 million.
Contemporaneous with the determination to transfer the ARS to trading securities, we elected to measure the value of our option to put the securities (“put option”) to UBS AG under the fair value option of FASB ASC 825, “Financial Instruments.” As a result, at December 31, 2008, we recorded a non-operating gain representing the estimated fair value of the put option and a corresponding long-term asset of approximately $2.2 million. At December 31, 2009, the put option’s estimated fair value decreased to $1.4 million. At March 31, 2010, the put option’s estimated fair value decreased to $1.0 million resulting in a non-operating loss of $0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2010. The estimated fair value of the put option as of March 31, 2010 was based in part on an expected life of three months and a discount rate of 0.75%. In June 2009, due to our ability to exercise our put option within the next twelve months, we reclassified our put option to other current assets on our consolidated balance sheet.
As a result of the transfer of the ARS from available-for-sale to trading investment securities noted above, we also recorded a non-operating gain for the twelve months ended December 31, 2009 of approximately $0.8 million. The recording of the loss relating to the decrease in the fair value of the put option and the recognition of the gain in the ARS resulted in an overall net loss of less than $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2010.
We anticipate that any future changes in the fair value of our put option under the UBS Settlement Agreement will partially be offset by the changes in the fair value of the related auction rate securities. Our option to put the securities under the UBS Settlement Agreement will continue to be measured at fair value utilizing Level 3 inputs as defined by FASB ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure”, until the earlier of its maturity or exercise.
The fair values of our auction rate securities are estimated utilizing a discounted cash flow analysis or other types of valuation models as of March 31, 2010 rather than at par. These analyses are highly judgmental and consider, among other items, the likelihood of redemption, credit quality, duration, insurance wraps and expected future cash flows. These securities are also compared, when possible, to other observable market data with similar characteristics to the securities held by us. Any changes in fair value for our auction rate securities, which we attribute to market liquidity issues rather than credit issues, are recorded in our statement of operations.
Self-Insurance
We are self-insured for the majority of our health insurance costs, including claims filed and claims incurred but not reported subject to certain stop loss provisions. We estimate our liability based upon management’s judgment and historical experience. We also rely on the advice of consulting administrators in determining an adequate liability for self-insurance claims. Self-insurance accruals totaled approximately $0.4 million and $0.6 million as of March 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively. We continuously review the adequacy of our insurance coverage. Material differences may result in the amount and timing of insurance expense if actual experience differs significantly from management's estimates.
Accounting for Share-Based Compensation
Share-based compensation expense recognized during the period is based on the value of the number of awards that are expected to vest multiplied by the fair value. We use a Black-Scholes option-pricing model to calculate the fair value of our share-based awards. The calculation of the fair value of the awards using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model is affected by our stock price on the date of grant as well as assumptions regarding the following:
• | Volatility is a measure of the amount by which the stock price is expected to fluctuate each year during the expected life of the award and is based on a weighted average of peer companies, comparable indices and our stock volatility. An increase in the volatility would result in an increase in our expense. |
• | The expected term represents the period of time that awards granted are expected to be outstanding and is currently based upon an average of the contractual life and the vesting period of the options. With the passage of time actual behavioral patterns surrounding the expected term will replace the current methodology. Changes in the future exercise behavior of employees or in the vesting period of the award could result in a change in the expected term. An increase in the expected term would result in an increase to our expense. |
• | The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at time of grant. An increase in the risk-free interest rate would result in an increase in our expense. |
• | The estimated forfeiture rate is the rate at which awards are expected to expire before they become fully vested and exercisable. An increase in the forfeiture rate would result in a decrease to our expense. |
In certain instances where market based, performance share awards are granted, we use the Monte Carlo valuation model to calculate the fair value. This approach utilizes a two-stage process, which first simulates potential outcomes for our shares using the Monte Carlo simulation. The first stage of the Monte Carlo simulation requires a variety of assumptions about both the statistical properties of our shares as well as potential reactions to such share price movements by our management. Such assumptions include the natural logarithm of our stock price, a random log-difference using the Russell 2000 stock index and a random variable using the specific deviations of our returns relative to the returns dictated by the CAPM model. The second stage employs the Black-Scholes model to value the various outcomes predicted by the Monte Carlo simulation. The resulting fair value, on the date of the grant (measurement date), is being recognized over the vesting period using the straight-line method.
Accounting for Income Taxes
We are subject to income taxes in the U.S. and various foreign countries. We record an income tax provision for the anticipated tax consequences of operating results reportable to each taxing jurisdiction in compliance with enacted tax legislation. We account for income taxes in accordance with FASB ASC 740, “Income Taxes,” which requires that deferred tax assets and liabilities be recognized using enacted tax rates for the effect of temporary differences between the book and tax basis of recorded assets and liabilities. ASC 740 also requires that deferred tax assets be reduced by a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax asset will not be realized.
The realization of the deferred tax assets is evaluated quarterly by assessing the valuation allowance and by adjusting the amount of the allowance, if necessary. The factors used to assess the likelihood of realization are the forecast of future taxable income and available tax planning strategies that could be implemented to realize the net deferred tax assets. We have used tax-planning strategies to realize or renew net deferred tax assets in order to avoid the potential loss of future tax benefits. In addition, we operate within multiple taxing jurisdictions and are subject to audit in each jurisdiction. These audits can involve complex issues that may require an extended period of time to resolve. In our opinion, adequate provisions for income taxes have been made for all periods.
Our determination of the level of valuation allowance at March 31, 2010 is based on an estimated forecast of future taxable income which includes many judgments and assumptions primarily related to revenue, margins, operating expenses, tax planning strategies and tax attributes in multiple taxing jurisdictions. Accordingly, it is at least reasonably possible that future changes in one or more of these assumptions may lead to a change in judgment regarding the level of valuation allowance required in future periods.
Item 3: Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Market risk represents the risk of loss that may impact our financial position due to adverse changes in financial market prices and rates. Our market risk exposure is primarily a result of fluctuations in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. We do not hold or issue financial instruments for trading purposes.
Foreign Currency Exchange Risk
For the three months ended March 31, 2010, approximately 77.7% of our total revenue was comprised of sales to customers in the United States. A key component of our business strategy is to expand our international sales efforts, which will expose us to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. A 10% change in the value of the U.S. dollar, relative to each of our non-U.S. generated sales would not have resulted in a material change to our operating results.
At March 31, 2010, approximately 46.3% of our cash and cash equivalents was denominated in foreign currencies. While we believe we have implemented a strategy to mitigate foreign currency risk, changes in foreign currency exchanges rates in future periods will continue to affect our financial position and results of operations as it is reported in U.S. Dollars.
The financial position and operating results of our foreign operations are consolidated using the local currency as the functional currency. Local currency assets and liabilities are translated at the rate of exchange to the U.S. dollar on the balance sheet date, and the local currency revenue and expenses are translated at average rates of exchange to the U.S. dollar during the period. The related translation adjustments to shareholders' equity were a decrease of $0.6 million and $0.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2010 and the year end December 31, 2009, respectively, and are included in other comprehensive loss. The foreign currency translation adjustment is not adjusted for income taxes as it relates to an indefinite investment in a non-U.S. subsidiary.
Interest Rate Risk
The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve principal while maximizing income without significantly increasing risk. Some of the securities in which we invest may be subject to market risk. This means that a change in prevailing interest rates may cause the principal amount of the investment to fluctuate. To minimize this risk in the future, we intend to maintain our portfolio of cash equivalents and short-term investments in a variety of securities, including commercial paper, money market funds, government and non-government debt securities and certificates of deposit. Our cash equivalents, which consist solely of money market funds, are not subject to market risk because the interest paid on these funds fluctuates with the prevailing interest rate. We believe that a 10% change in interest rates would not have had a significant effect on our interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2010 and 2009.
Item 4: Controls and Procedures
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as of the end of the period covered by this report, or the Evaluation Date. Based upon the evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the Evaluation Date. Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and procedures designed to reasonably ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act, such as this report, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include controls and procedures designed to reasonably ensure that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
In connection with this evaluation, our management identified no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the most recent fiscal quarter that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II: OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1: Legal Proceedings
On August 27, 2007, a complaint was filed and served by Kenexa BrassRing, Inc. against Taleo Corporation in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware. Kenexa alleges that Taleo infringed Patent Nos. 5,999,939 and 6,996,561, and seeks monetary damages and an order enjoining Taleo from further infringement.
On May 9, 2008, Kenexa BrassRing, Inc. filed a similar lawsuit against Vurv Technology, Inc. in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware, alleging that Vurv has infringed Patent Nos. 5,999,939 and 6,996,561, and seeks monetary damages and an order enjoining further infringement. This lawsuit has been consolidated with the Kenexa BrassRing, Inc. versus Taleo Corporation lawsuit.
On June 25, 2008, Kenexa Technology, Inc. filed suit in the United States District Court of Delaware against Taleo Corporation for tortious interference with contract, unfair competition, unfair trade practices and unjust enrichment. On August 28, 2009, Taleo filed an amended answer and counterclaim against Kenexa BrassRing, Inc. asserting copyright infringement against Kenexa by the users accessing the Taleo system on behalf of Kenexa’s recruitment process outsourcing customers. Kenexa seeks monetary damages and to enjoin the actions of Taleo. Taleo seeks monetary damages and to enjoin the actions of Kenexa.
On November 7, 2008, Vurv Technology LLC, sued Kenexa Corporation, Kenexa Technology, Inc., and two former employees of Vurv, who now work for Kenexa , in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia. In this action, Vurv asserts claims for breach of contract, computer trespass and theft, misappropriation of trade secrets, interference with contract and civil conspiracy. Vurv seeks unspecified monetary damages and injunctive relief.
On June 11, 2009 and July 16, 2009, two putative class actions were filed against Kenexa Corporation and our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, purportedly on behalf of a class of our investors who purchased our publicly traded securities between May 8, 2007 and November 7, 2007. The complaint filed on July 16, 2009 has since been voluntarily dismissed. In the pending action, Building Trades United Pension Trust Fund, individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated alleges violations of Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 ("Exchange Act"), Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder and Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act in connection with various public statements made by Kenexa. This action seeks unspecified damages, attorneys’ fees and expenses.
On July 17, 2009, Kenexa BrassRing, Inc. and Kenexa Recruiter, Inc. filed suit against Taleo Corporation, a current Taleo employee and a former Taleo employee in Massachusetts Superior Court. Kenexa amended the complaint on August 27, 2009 and added Vurv Technology LLC, two former employees of Taleo and two current employees of Taleo. Kenexa asserts claims for breach of contract and the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing, unfair trade practices, computer theft, misappropriation of trade secrets, tortious interference, unfair competition, and unjust enrichment. Kenexa seeks monetary damages and injunctive relief.
We are involved in claims from time to time which arise in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, we have made adequate provision for potential liabilities, if any, arising from any such matters. However, litigation is inherently unpredictable, and the costs and other effects of pending or future litigation, governmental investigations, legal and administrative cases and proceedings (whether civil or criminal), settlements, judgments and investigations, claims and changes in any such matters, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.
Item 1A: Risk Factors
In addition to the other information set forth in this Form 10-Q, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in Part I, Item 1A “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009 which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results of operations. The risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009 are not the only risks that we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial may also materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and future results of operations. There have been no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.
Item 2: Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Not applicable.
Item 3: Defaults Upon Senior Securities
Not applicable.
Item 4: Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
Not applicable.
Item 5: Other Information
Not applicable.
Item 6: Exhibits
The following exhibits are filed herewith:
31.1 Certification by Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a).
31.2 Certification by Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a).
32.1 Certification Furnished Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
May 10, 2010
Kenexa Corporation
/s/ Nooruddin S. Karsan ---------------------------- Nooruddin S. Karsan Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer /s/ Donald F. Volk ----------------- Donald F. Volk Chief Financial Officer |
Exhibit Number and Description |
Exhibit 31.1 Certification by Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a).
Exhibit 31.2 Certification by Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a).
Exhibit 32.1 Certification Furnished Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |