1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Jun. 30, 2015 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
Basis of Presentation | Basis of Presentation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Lantronix and our wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. At June 30, 2015, approximately $2.9 million of our tangible assets were located outside of the United States (U.S.), and were substantially comprised of inventory held at (i) our third-party logistics provider in Hong Kong and (ii) contract manufacturers in China. |
Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. The industry in which we operate is characterized by rapid technological change. As a result, estimates made in preparing the consolidated financial statements include the allowance for doubtful accounts, sales returns and allowances, inventory reserves, goodwill valuation, deferred income tax asset valuation allowances, share-based compensation and warranty reserves. To the extent there are material differences between our estimates and actual results, future results of operations will be affected. |
Revenue Recognition | Revenue Recognition We recognize revenue when all of the following criteria are met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; delivery has occurred or services have been rendered; the price to the buyer is fixed or determinable; and collectability is reasonably assured. For each of the fiscal years ended June 30, 2015 and 2014, approximately 99% of our net revenues came from sales of hardware products. The remaining 1% of our net revenues in each of these years was primarily attributable to professional engineering services and extended warranty services. We sell extended warranty services which extend the warranty period for an additional one to three years, depending upon the product. Warranty net revenue is deferred and recognized ratably over the warranty service period. When product revenue is recognized, we establish an estimated allowance for future product returns based on historical returns experience. We also record reductions of revenue for pricing adjustments, such as competitive pricing programs and rebates, in the same period that the related revenue is recognized, based on approved pricing adjustments and historical experience. A significant portion of our sales are made to distributors under agreements which include a limited right to return unsold products and price protection provisions. Given these provisions, we have concluded the price to the customer is not fixed and determinable at the time we deliver products to these distributors. Accordingly, revenue and the related cost of revenue from sales to these distributors is not recognized until the distributor resells the product. In addition, when the deferred revenue attributable to any distributor exceeds their receivable balance due to Lantronix at the balance sheet date, such excess is reclassified from net accounts receivable to a customer deposit and refunds liability, which is included in other current liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Multiple-Element Arrangements From time to time, we may enter into arrangements with customers that provide for multiple deliverables that generally include the sale of products, professional engineering services and other product qualification or certification services (collectively, the deliverables). Pursuant to the applicable accounting guidance, when multiple deliverables in an arrangement are separated into different units of accounting, the arrangement consideration is allocated to the identified separate units that have stand-alone value at the inception of the contract based on a relative selling price hierarchy. We determine the relative selling price for a deliverable based on its vendor-specific objective evidence of selling price (VSOE), if available, third-party evidence (TPE), if VSOE is not available, and our best estimate of selling price (BESP), if neither VSOE nor TPE is available. We recognize the relative fair value of the deliverables as they are delivered assuming all other revenue recognition criteria are met. |
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts | Allowance for Doubtful Accounts We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make required payments. Our evaluation of the collectability of customer accounts receivable is based on various factors, including our assessment of the collectability of specific customer accounts, the aging of accounts receivable, our history of bad debts and general industry conditions. Accounts that are deemed uncollectible are written off against the allowance for doubtful accounts. |
Concentration of Credit Risk | Concentration of Credit Risk Our accounts receivable are primarily derived from revenue earned from customers located throughout North America, Europe and Asia. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers financial condition and maintain allowances for potential credit losses. Credit losses have historically been within our expectations. We generally do not require collateral or other security from our customers. |
Fair Value of Financial Instruments | Fair Value of Financial Instruments Our financial instruments consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, contract manufacturers receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities and long-term debt. The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount that would be received in an asset sale or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between unaffiliated market participants. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are categorized based on whether or not the inputs are observable in the market and the degree that the inputs are observable. The categorization of financial instruments within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The hierarchy is prioritized into three levels (with Level 3 being the lowest) defined as follows: Level 1: Level 2: Level 3: The hierarchy noted above requires us to minimize the use of unobservable inputs and to use observable market data, if available, when determining fair value. We do not have any assets or liabilities that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis, and during the years ended June 30, 2015 and June 30, 2014 did not have any assets or liabilities that were measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis. We believe all of our financial instruments recorded values approximate their current fair values because of the nature and short duration of these instruments. The fair value of long-term debt approximates its carrying value because the related effective rates of interest approximate current market rates available to us for debt with similar terms and similar remaining maturities. |
Foreign Currency Remeasurement | Foreign Currency Remeasurement The functional currency for all our foreign subsidiaries is currently the U.S. dollar. Non-monetary and monetary foreign currency assets and liabilities are valued in U.S. dollars at historical and end-of-period exchange rates, respectively. Exchange gains and losses from foreign currency transactions and remeasurements are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations. Translation adjustments for foreign subsidiaries whose functional currency was previously the local currency are suspended in accumulated other comprehensive income. |
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Accumulated other comprehensive income is composed of accumulated translation adjustments as of June 30, 2015 and 2014. We did not have any other comprehensive income or losses during the fiscal years ended June 30, 2015 or 2014. |
Cash and Cash Equivalents | Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and short-term investments, with original maturities of 90 days or less. |
Inventories | Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (on a first-in, first-out basis) or market. We provide reserves for excess and obsolete inventories determined primarily based upon estimates of future demand for our products. Shipping and handling costs are classified as a component of cost of revenue in the consolidated statements of operations. |
Inventory Sale and Purchase Transactions with Contract Manufacturers | Inventory Sale and Purchase Transactions with Contract Manufacturers Under certain circumstances, we sell raw materials to our contract manufacturers and subsequently repurchase finished goods from the contract manufacturers which contain such raw materials. Net sales of raw materials to the contract manufacturers are recorded on the consolidated balance sheets as contract manufacturers receivables, and are eliminated from net revenue as we intend to repurchase the raw materials from the contract manufacturers in the form of finished goods. We have contractual arrangements with certain of our contract manufacturers that provide for us to purchase unused inventory that the contract manufacturer has purchased to fulfill our forecasted manufacturing demand. To the extent that inventory on-hand at one or more of these contract manufacturers exceeds our contractually reported forecasts, we record the amount we may be required to purchase as part of other current liabilities and inventories on the consolidated balance sheets. |
Property and Equipment | Property and Equipment Property and equipment are carried at cost. Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over the assets estimated useful lives generally ranging from three to five years. Depreciation and amortization of leasehold improvements are computed using the shorter of the remaining lease term or five years. Major renewals and betterments are capitalized, while replacements, maintenance and repairs, which do not improve or extend the estimated useful lives of the respective assets, are expensed as incurred. |
Capitalized Internal Use Software Costs | Capitalized Internal Use Software Costs We capitalize the costs of computer software developed or obtained for internal use. Capitalized computer software costs consist of purchased software licenses and implementation costs. The capitalized software costs are being amortized on a straight-line basis over a period of three to five years. |
Goodwill | Goodwill Goodwill is recorded as the difference, if any, between the aggregate consideration paid for an acquisition and the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired. We evaluate goodwill for impairment on an annual basis in our fiscal fourth quarter or more frequently if we believe indicators of impairment exist that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of our single reporting unit below its carrying amount. Based on a qualitative assessment, if we conclude that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, we conduct a two-step goodwill impairment test. The first step of the impairment test involves comparing the estimated fair value of our single reporting unit with its carrying value, including goodwill. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds the reporting units fair value, we perform the second step of the analysis, which involves comparing the implied fair value of the reporting units goodwill with the carrying value of that goodwill, the difference of which represents the impairment loss. During the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended June 30, 2015, we made a qualitative assessment of whether goodwill impairment exists and did not determine that it was more likely than not that the fair value of our single reporting unit was less than its carrying amount. |
Income Taxes | Income Taxes Income taxes are computed under the liability method. This method requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of our assets and liabilities. The impact on deferred taxes of changes in tax rates and laws, if any, are applied to the years during which temporary differences are expected to be settled and are reflected in the consolidated financial statements in the period of enactment. A valuation allowance is recorded when it is more likely than not that some of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Financial statement effects of a tax position are initially recognized when it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits, that the position will be sustained upon examination. A tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold is initially and subsequently measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that meets the more-likely-than-not threshold of being realized upon ultimate settlement with a taxing authority. We recognize potential accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. |
Share-Based Compensation | Share-Based Compensation We account for share-based compensation by expensing the estimated grant date fair value of stock options and other equity instruments over the requisite service period. We record amortization of share-based compensation expense ratably over the requisite service period of the grant. We also estimate forfeitures based on historical experience in our calculation of share-based compensation expense. |
Net Income (Loss) Per Share | Net Income (Loss) Per Share Net income (loss) per share (basic) is calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the fiscal year. Net income (loss) per share (diluted) is calculated by adjusting the weighted average number of common shares outstanding, assuming any dilutive effects of outstanding share-based awards using the treasury stock method. |
Research and Development Costs | Research and Development Costs Costs incurred in the research and development of new products and enhancements to existing products are expensed as incurred. We believe our current process for developing products is essentially completed concurrently with the establishment of technological feasibility. Software development costs incurred after the establishment of technological feasibility have not been material and, therefore, have been expensed as incurred. |
Warranty | Warranty The warranty periods for our products generally range from one to five years. We establish reserves for estimated product warranty costs at the time revenue is recognized based upon our historical warranty experience, and additionally for any known product warranty issues. Although we engage in product quality programs and processes, our warranty obligation is affected by product failure rates, use of materials or service delivery costs that differ from our estimates. As a result, increases or decreases to warranty reserves could be required, which could impact our gross margins. |
Advertising Expenses | Advertising Expenses Advertising costs are expensed in the period incurred. |
Segment Information | Segment Information We have one operating and reportable segment. |
Recent Accounting Pronouncements | Recent Accounting Pronouncements In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued an accounting standard which will supersede existing revenue recognition guidance under current U.S. GAAP. The new standard is a comprehensive new revenue recognition model that requires a company to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to a customer at an amount that reflects the consideration it expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. In doing so, among other things, companies will generally need to use more judgment and make more estimates than under the current guidance. The standard permits the use of either the retrospective or cumulative effect transition method. In July 2015, the FASB deferred the effective date of the standard by an additional year; however, it provided companies the option to adopt one year earlier, commensurate with the original effective date. Accordingly, the standard will be effective for Lantronix in the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2018, with an option to adopt the standard for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2017. We are currently evaluating this standard and have not yet selected a transition method, or the effective date on which we plan to adopt the standard, nor have we determined the effect of the standard on our financial statements and related disclosures. In August 2014, the FASB issued a new standard that will require management of an entity to assess, for each annual and interim period, if there is substantial doubt about the entitys ability to continue as a going concern within one year of the financial statement issuance date. The definition of substantial doubt within the new standard incorporates a likelihood threshold of probable similar to the use of that term under current U.S. GAAP for loss contingencies. Certain disclosures will be required if conditions give rise to substantial doubt. The standard will be effective for Lantronix in the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2016. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of this standard on our financial statements and related disclosures. In July 2015, the FASB issued final guidance that simplifies the subsequent measurement of inventory for which cost is determined by methods other than last-in first-out (LIFO) and the retail inventory method. For inventory within the scope of the new guidance, entities will be required to compare the cost of inventory t |