Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses | Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses The following is a summary of loans receivable by major category: June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020 Loan portfolio composition (Dollars in thousands) Real estate loans: Residential $ 61,360 $ 54,795 Commercial 8,518,115 8,425,959 Construction 252,801 291,380 Total real estate loans 8,832,276 8,772,134 Commercial business * 4,001,423 4,157,787 Residential mortgage 543,622 582,232 Consumer and other 46,980 51,060 Loans receivable 13,424,301 13,563,213 Allowance for credit losses (189,452) (206,741) Loans receivable, net of allowance for credit losses $ 13,234,849 $ 13,356,472 __________________________________ * Commercial business loans as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 include $568.8 million and $452.7 million, respectively, in SBA Paycheck Protection Program loans Loans receivable is stated at the amount of unpaid principal, adjusted for net deferred fees and costs, premiums and discounts, purchase accounting fair value adjustments, and allowance for credit losses. The Company had net deferred fees of $12.6 million and net deferred costs of $3.6 million at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Net loan fees related to SBA Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) loans totaled $15.7 million at June 30, 2021 compared to $6.4 million at December 31, 2020 and included fees from the origination of SBA PPP loans net of deferred origination costs. The increase in deferred fees for SBA PPP loans was primarily due to the origination of $324.5 million in second round SBA PPP loans during the six months ended June 30, 2021. The loan portfolio consists of four segments: real estate, commercial business, residential mortgage, and consumer and other loans. Real estate loans are extended for the purchase and refinance of commercial real estate and are generally secured by first deeds of trust and are collateralized by residential or commercial properties. Commercial business loans are loans provided to businesses for various purposes such as for working capital, purchasing inventory, debt refinancing, business acquisitions, international trade finance activities, and other business related financing needs and also include warehouse lines of credit and SBA PPP loans. Residential mortgage loans are extended for personal, family, or household use and are secured by a mortgage or deed of trust. Consumer and other loans consist of home equity, credit card, and other personal loans. Loans receivable declined $138.9 million from December 31, 2020 to $13.42 billion as of June 30, 2021. The decline in loans receivable during the six months ended June 30, 2021 was due a $283.0 million decline in warehouse lines of credit, $193.5 million in SBA PPP forgiveness, the return to the sale of SBA guaranteed loans totaling $30.0 million during the second quarter of 2021, and the second quarter of 2021 sale of $119.3 million in hotel/motel loans, most of which were classified as criticized loans. These declines were partially offset by an increase in commercial real estate loans which saw an increase in 2021 loan originations and the purchase of $98.3 million in residential mortgage loans during the second quarter of 2021. The tables below details the activity in the allowance for credit losses by portfolio segment for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020. Charge offs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 included $11.8 million in real estate loan charge offs that resulted from the sale of $119.3 million in hotel/motel loans with elevated credit risk, there were no such sales for the three and six ended June 30, 2020. Accrued interest receivables on loans totaled $47.1 million at June 30, 2021 and $54.6 million at December 31, 2020. The Company set aside an allowance on loan accrued interest receivables of $751 thousand at June 30, 2021 and $1.0 million at December 31, 2020. Real Estate Commercial Business Residential Mortgage Consumer and Other Total (Dollars in thousands) Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 Balance, beginning of period $ 162,307 $ 41,860 $ 2,735 $ 1,041 $ 207,943 Provision (credit) for credit losses 4,227 (12,179) 877 75 (7,000) Loans charged off (12,172) (572) — (48) (12,792) Recoveries of charge offs 891 391 — 19 1,301 Balance, end of period $ 155,253 $ 29,500 $ 3,612 $ 1,087 $ 189,452 Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 Balance, beginning of period $ 162,196 $ 39,155 $ 4,227 $ 1,163 $ 206,741 Provision (credit) for credit losses 6,572 (9,554) (615) (103) (3,700) Loans charged off (14,990) (1,182) — (141) (16,313) Recoveries of charge offs 1,475 1,081 — 168 2,724 Balance, end of period $ 155,253 $ 29,500 $ 3,612 $ 1,087 $ 189,452 Real Estate Commercial Business Residential Mortgage Consumer and Other Total (Dollars in thousands) Three Months Ended June 30, 2020 Balance, beginning of period $ 94,645 $ 42,883 $ 5,779 $ 1,616 $ 144,923 Provision (credit) for credit losses 24,534 (7,151) 89 28 17,500 Loans charged off (174) (459) — (271) (904) Recoveries of charge offs 25 220 — 7 252 Balance, end of period $ 119,030 $ 35,493 $ 5,868 $ 1,380 $ 161,771 Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 Balance, beginning of period $ 53,593 $ 33,032 $ 5,925 $ 1,594 $ 94,144 CECL day 1 adoption 27,791 (1,022) (543) (26) 26,200 Provision for credit losses 40,025 4,398 486 591 45,500 Loans charged off (2,571) (3,494) — (796) (6,861) Recoveries of charge offs 192 2,579 — 17 2,788 Balance, end of period $ 119,030 $ 35,493 $ 5,868 $ 1,380 $ 161,771 The following tables break out the allowance for credit losses and loan balance by measurement methodology at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020: June 30, 2021 Real Estate Commercial Business Residential Mortgage Consumer and Other Total (Dollars in thousands) Allowance for credit losses: Individually evaluated $ 27,226 $ 3,325 $ 15 $ 26 $ 30,592 Collectively evaluated 128,027 26,175 3,597 1,061 158,860 Total $ 155,253 $ 29,500 $ 3,612 $ 1,087 $ 189,452 Loans outstanding: Individually evaluated $ 138,368 $ 20,978 $ 3,053 $ 236 $ 162,635 Collectively evaluated 8,693,908 3,980,445 540,569 46,744 13,261,666 Total $ 8,832,276 $ 4,001,423 $ 543,622 $ 46,980 $ 13,424,301 December 31, 2020 Real Estate Commercial Business Residential Mortgage Consumer and Other Total (Dollars in thousands) Allowance for credit losses: Individually evaluated $ 3,683 $ 3,575 $ 25 $ 42 $ 7,325 Collectively evaluated 158,513 35,580 4,202 1,121 199,416 Total $ 162,196 $ 39,155 $ 4,227 $ 1,163 $ 206,741 Loans outstanding: Individually evaluated $ 93,476 $ 25,706 $ 3,416 $ 605 $ 123,203 Collectively evaluated 8,678,658 4,132,081 578,816 50,455 13,440,010 Total $ 8,772,134 $ 4,157,787 $ 582,232 $ 51,060 $ 13,563,213 As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, reserves for unfunded loan commitments recorded in other liabilities were $1.4 million and $1.3 million, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company recorded additions to reserves for unfunded commitments recorded in credit related expenses totaling $0 and $105 thousand, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company recorded additions to reserves for unfunded commitments recorded in credit related expenses totaling to $50 thousand and $660 thousand, respectively. Generally, loans are placed on nonaccrual status if principal and/or interest payments become 90 days or more past due and/or management deems the collectability of the principal and/or interest to be in question, as well as when required by regulatory requirements. Loans to customers whose financial conditions have deteriorated are considered for nonaccrual status whether or not the loan is 90 days or more past due. Generally, payments received on nonaccrual loans are recorded as principal reductions. Loans are returned to accrual status only when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured. The Company does not recognize interest income while loans are on nonaccrual status. The tables below represent the recorded investment of nonaccrual loans and loans past due 90 or more days and still on accrual status by class of loans and broken out by loans with a recorded ACL and those without a recorded ACL as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. June 30, 2021 Nonaccrual with No ACL Nonaccrual with an ACL Total Nonaccrual (1) Accruing Loans Past Due 90 or More Days (Dollars in thousands) Real estate – residential $ — $ — $ — $ — Real estate – commercial Retail 10,463 34,100 44,563 — Hotel & motel 13,654 5,428 19,082 3,776 Gas station & car wash 575 1,303 1,878 — Mixed use 9,754 1,610 11,364 — Industrial & warehouse 2,105 2,332 4,437 — Other 1,791 5,083 6,874 — Real estate – construction 7,424 — 7,424 — Commercial business 5,035 7,182 12,217 26 Residential mortgage 1,440 1,612 3,052 872 Consumer and other — 117 117 85 Total $ 52,241 $ 58,767 $ 111,008 $ 4,759 December 31, 2020 Nonaccrual with No ACL Nonaccrual with an ACL Total Nonaccrual (1) Accruing Loans Past Due 90 or More Days (Dollars in thousands) Real estate – residential $ — $ — $ — $ — Real estate – commercial Retail 3,262 8,530 11,792 478 Hotel & motel 15,311 2,195 17,506 — Gas station & car wash 151 1,493 1,644 — Mixed use 1,883 788 2,671 — Industrial & warehouse 5,443 1,022 6,465 — Other 7,230 1,419 8,649 — Real estate – construction — 18,723 18,723 — Commercial business 5,319 8,592 13,911 — Residential mortgage 1,440 1,976 3,416 — Consumer and other — 461 461 136 Total $ 40,039 $ 45,199 $ 85,238 $ 614 __________________________________ (1) Total nonaccrual loans exclude the guaranteed portion of SBA loans that are in liquidation totaling $23.6 million and $26.5 million, at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral-dependent loans as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020: June 30, 2021 Real Estate Collateral Other Collateral Total (Dollars in thousands) Real estate – residential $ — $ — $ — Real estate – commercial 97,184 — 97,184 Real estate – construction 7,424 — 7,424 Commercial business 7,518 6,560 14,078 Residential mortgage 1,439 — 1,439 Consumer and other — — — Total $ 113,565 $ 6,560 $ 120,125 December 31, 2020 Real Estate Collateral Other Collateral Total (Dollars in thousands) Real estate – residential $ — $ — $ — Real estate – commercial 55,945 — 55,945 Real estate – construction 8,122 — 8,122 Commercial business 7,818 6,312 14,130 Residential mortgage 1,440 — 1,440 Consumer and other 15 — 15 Total $ 73,340 $ 6,312 $ 79,652 Interest income reversals due to loans being placed on nonaccrual status was $750 thousand and $319 thousand for the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Nonaccrual interest income reversals for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 were $1.7 million and $356 thousand, respectively. The following table presents the recorded investment of past due loans, including nonaccrual loans past due 30 or more days, by the number of days past due as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 by class of loans: As of June 30, 2021 As of December 31, 2020 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 or More Days Total 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 or More Days Total (Dollars in thousands) Real estate – residential $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Real estate – commercial Retail 788 8,148 10,852 19,788 852 8,141 10,276 19,269 Hotel & motel 2,487 2,808 16,373 21,668 62 1,401 14,744 16,207 Gas station & car wash 292 411 443 1,146 619 2,668 563 3,850 Mixed use 2,547 13,921 295 16,763 116 — 1,269 1,385 Industrial & warehouse 8,211 154 2,611 10,976 137 — 3,830 3,967 Other 2,149 42 2,913 5,104 2,738 545 3,000 6,283 Real estate – construction — — 7,424 7,424 8,122 — — 8,122 Commercial business 431 4,209 5,545 10,185 816 3,683 4,700 9,199 Residential mortgage 6,359 540 2,702 9,601 4,841 — 2,263 7,104 Consumer and other 45 24 202 271 797 21 595 1,413 Total Past Due $ 23,309 $ 30,257 $ 49,360 $ 102,926 $ 19,100 $ 16,459 $ 41,240 $ 76,799 The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt, including, but not limited to, current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends. Homogeneous loans (i.e., home mortgage loans, home equity lines of credit, overdraft loans, express business loans, and automobile loans) are not risk rated and credit risk is analyzed largely by the number of days past due. This analysis is performed at least on a quarterly basis. The definitions for risk ratings are as follows: • Pass: Loans that meet a preponderance or more of the Company’s underwriting criteria and evidence an acceptable level of risk. • Special Mention: Loans that have potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of the institution’s credit position at some future date. • Substandard: Loans that are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the borrower or by the collateral pledged, if any. Loans in this classification have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the repayment of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. • Doubtful: Loans that have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or repayment in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. During the second quarter of 2021, the Company completed the sale of $119.3 million in hotel/motel loans. The sale consisted of loans with elevated credit risk or were likely to exhibit credit issues in the future. Of the $119.3 million in commercial real estate loans sold, $68.4 million were rated special mention and $33.6 million were rated substandard prior to being sold. The loans were sold at a 9.9% discount to amortized cost. The Company charged off $11.8 million during the second quarter of 2021 as a result of the note sale, all of which was reserved for in prior quarters. The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans receivable by class, credit quality indicator, and year of origination as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. As of June 30, 2021 Term Loan by Origination Year Revolving Loans Total 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior (Dollars in thousands) Real Estate - Residential Pass / not rated $ 12,995 $ 14,311 $ 13,556 $ 5,547 $ 3,831 $ 10,098 $ 658 $ 60,996 Special mention — — — — — — 228 228 Substandard — — — 136 — — — 136 Doubtful / loss — — — — — — — — Subtotal $ 12,995 $ 14,311 $ 13,556 $ 5,683 $ 3,831 $ 10,098 $ 886 $ 61,360 Real Estate - Commercial Pass / not rated $ 1,073,045 $ 1,485,549 $ 1,340,161 $ 1,375,076 $ 1,055,030 $ 1,544,353 $ 106,716 $ 7,979,930 Special mention 4,223 5,706 48,552 29,215 40,713 71,144 11,978 211,531 Substandard 6,508 552 17,395 26,725 52,497 220,280 2,697 326,654 Doubtful / loss — — — — — — — — Subtotal $ 1,083,776 $ 1,491,807 $ 1,406,108 $ 1,431,016 $ 1,148,240 $ 1,835,777 $ 121,391 $ 8,518,115 Real Estate - Construction Pass / not rated $ 841 $ 47,025 $ 44,574 $ 39,298 $ 27,652 $ 21,200 $ 8,457 $ 189,047 Special mention — — — 45,989 4,428 5,913 — 56,330 Substandard — — — — — 7,424 — 7,424 Doubtful / loss — — — — — — — — Subtotal $ 841 $ 47,025 $ 44,574 $ 85,287 $ 32,080 $ 34,537 $ 8,457 $ 252,801 Commercial Business Pass / not rated $ 889,734 $ 866,932 $ 516,793 $ 147,361 $ 112,324 $ 100,388 $ 1,297,976 $ 3,931,508 Special mention 1,191 415 3,943 13,581 212 5,466 1,662 26,470 Substandard 1,457 8,552 1,856 2,114 12,840 7,860 8,766 43,445 Doubtful / loss — — — — — — — — Subtotal $ 892,382 $ 875,899 $ 522,592 $ 163,056 $ 125,376 $ 113,714 $ 1,308,404 $ 4,001,423 Residential Mortgage Pass / not rated $ 116,677 $ 4,764 $ 56,940 $ 166,777 $ 123,595 $ 71,816 $ — $ 540,569 Special mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — 128 200 541 2,184 — 3,053 Doubtful / loss — — — — — — — — Subtotal $ 116,677 $ 4,764 $ 57,068 $ 166,977 $ 124,136 $ 74,000 $ — $ 543,622 Consumer and Other Pass / not rated $ 2,784 $ 5,994 $ 2,243 $ 1,937 $ 2,114 $ 7,611 $ 24,054 $ 46,737 Special mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — 243 — 243 Doubtful / loss — — — — — — — — Subtotal $ 2,784 $ 5,994 $ 2,243 $ 1,937 $ 2,114 $ 7,854 $ 24,054 $ 46,980 Total Loans Pass / not rated $ 2,096,076 $ 2,424,575 $ 1,974,267 $ 1,735,996 $ 1,324,546 $ 1,755,466 $ 1,437,861 $ 12,748,787 Special mention 5,414 6,121 52,495 88,785 45,353 82,523 13,868 294,559 Substandard 7,965 9,104 19,379 29,175 65,878 237,991 11,463 380,955 Doubtful / loss — — — — — — — — Total $ 2,109,455 $ 2,439,800 $ 2,046,141 $ 1,853,956 $ 1,435,777 $ 2,075,980 $ 1,463,192 $ 13,424,301 December 31, 2020 Term Loan by Origination Year Revolving Loans Total 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior (Dollars in thousands) Real Estate - Residential Pass / not rated $ 15,158 $ 13,924 $ 7,587 $ 4,316 $ 6,800 $ 3,460 $ 3,104 $ 54,349 Special mention — — — — — — 227 227 Substandard — — 139 — — 80 — 219 Doubtful / loss — — — — — — — — Subtotal $ 15,158 $ 13,924 $ 7,726 $ 4,316 $ 6,800 $ 3,540 $ 3,331 $ 54,795 Real Estate - Commercial Pass / not rated $ 1,548,595 $ 1,554,980 $ 1,533,802 $ 1,240,973 $ 767,318 $ 1,262,125 $ 130,595 $ 8,038,388 Special mention — 2,805 24,569 10,694 8,031 32,048 1,600 79,747 Substandard 126 14,233 28,938 37,174 50,371 173,788 3,194 307,824 Doubtful / loss — — — — — — — — Subtotal $ 1,548,721 $ 1,572,018 $ 1,587,309 $ 1,288,841 $ 825,720 $ 1,467,961 $ 135,389 $ 8,425,959 Real Estate - Construction Pass / not rated $ 35,743 $ 45,290 $ 103,794 $ 60,996 $ 5,740 $ 10,099 $ — $ 261,662 Special mention — — — — 5,771 5,224 — 10,995 Substandard — — — 10,601 — 8,122 — 18,723 Doubtful / loss — — — — — — — — Subtotal $ 35,743 $ 45,290 $ 103,794 $ 71,597 $ 11,511 $ 23,445 $ — $ 291,380 Commercial Business Pass / not rated $ 1,294,368 $ 584,453 $ 224,447 $ 117,708 $ 77,209 $ 43,674 $ 1,686,428 $ 4,028,287 Special mention 5,996 27,693 30,852 14,629 6,388 3,139 5,172 93,869 Substandard 2,430 1,323 5,539 4,394 6,158 5,463 10,323 35,630 Doubtful / loss — — 1 — — — — 1 Subtotal $ 1,302,794 $ 613,469 $ 260,839 $ 136,731 $ 89,755 $ 52,276 $ 1,701,923 $ 4,157,787 Residential Mortgage Pass / not rated $ 5,733 $ 90,958 $ 217,343 $ 168,827 $ 55,246 $ 40,554 $ — $ 578,661 Special mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — 122 536 561 1,715 637 — 3,571 Doubtful / loss — — — — — — — — Subtotal $ 5,733 $ 91,080 $ 217,879 $ 169,388 $ 56,961 $ 41,191 $ — $ 582,232 Consumer and Other Pass / not rated $ 8,309 $ 2,463 $ 1,818 $ 2,321 $ 4,756 $ 2,811 $ 27,890 $ 50,368 Special mention — — — 103 — — — 103 Substandard — — — — 55 532 2 589 Doubtful / loss — — — — — — — — Subtotal $ 8,309 $ 2,463 $ 1,818 $ 2,424 $ 4,811 $ 3,343 $ 27,892 $ 51,060 Total Loans Pass / not rated $ 2,907,906 $ 2,292,068 $ 2,088,791 $ 1,595,141 $ 917,069 $ 1,362,723 $ 1,848,017 $ 13,011,715 Special mention 5,996 30,498 55,421 25,426 20,190 40,411 6,999 184,941 Substandard 2,556 15,678 35,152 52,730 58,299 188,622 13,519 366,556 Doubtful / loss — — 1 — — — — 1 Total $ 2,916,458 $ 2,338,244 $ 2,179,365 $ 1,673,297 $ 995,558 $ 1,591,756 $ 1,868,535 $ 13,563,213 For the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and the twelve months ended December 31, 2020, there were no revolving loans converted to term loans. The Company may reclassify loans held for investment to loans held for sale in the event that the Company plans to sell loans that were originated with the intent to hold to maturity. Loans transferred from held for investment to held for sale are carried at the lower of cost or fair value. The breakdown of loans by type that were reclassified from held for investment to held for sale for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 is presented in the following table: Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 2020 2021 2020 Transfer of loans held for investment to held for sale (Dollars in thousands) Real estate - commercial $ 171,175 $ — $ 171,175 $ — Commercial business 9,660 — 9,660 — Residential mortgage — — — 1,002 Total $ 180,835 $ — $ 180,835 $ 1,002 On January 1, 2020 the Company adopted ASU 2016-13, “Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments”, or CECL. The Company calculates its ACL by estimating expected credit losses on a collective basis for loans that share similar risk characteristics. Loans that do not share similar risk characteristics with other loans are evaluated for credit losses on an individual basis. The Company uses a combination of a modeled and non-modeled approach that incorporates current and future economic conditions to estimate lifetime expected losses on a collective basis. The Company uses Probability of Default (“PD”), Loss Given Default (“LGD”), and Exposure at Default (“EAD”) methodologies with quantitative factors and qualitative considerations in calculation of the allowance for credit losses for collectively assessed loans. The Company uses a reasonable and supportable period of 2 years at which point loss assumptions revert back to historical loss information by means of 1 year reversion period. The ACL for the Company’s construction, credit card, and certain consumer loans is calculated based on a non-modeled approach utilizing historical loss rates to estimate losses. A non-modeled approach was chosen for these loans as fewer data points exist which could result in high levels of estimated loss volatility under a modeled approach. In aggregate, non-modeled loans represented less than 3% of the Company’s total loan portfolio as of June 30, 2021. The Company’s Economic Forecast Committee (“EFC”) reviews economic forecast scenarios that are incorporated in the Company’s ACL. The EFC reviews multiple scenarios provided to the Company by an independent third party and chooses a single scenario that best aligns with management’s expectation of future economic conditions. The forecast scenario contains certain macroeconomic variables that are incorporated into the Company’s modeling process, including GDP, unemployment rates, interest rates, and commercial real estate prices. As of June 30, 2021, the Company chose a forecast scenario that incorporates the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic and the expected economic recovery into estimates of future economic conditions. The forecast improved considerably compared to forecasts used during the first quarter of 2021 with an increase in projected GDP growth and a large increase in projected commercial real estate prices combined with a reduction in unemployment, particularly for periods in 2021 and 2022. The forecast improvement reflect the current and projected effects of government stimulus packages, ongoing COVID-19 vaccinations, and the reopening of many businesses throughout the United States. Additionally, in order to systematically quantify the credit risk impact of other trends and changes within the loan portfolio, the Company utilizes qualitative adjustments to the modeled and non-modeled estimated loss approaches. The parameters for making adjustments are established under a Credit Risk Matrix that provides different possible scenarios for each of the factors below. The Credit Risk Matrix and the possible scenarios enable the Bank to qualitatively adjust the Loss Migration Ratio by as much as 25 basis points for each loan type pool. This matrix considers the following seven factors, which are patterned after the guidelines provided under the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (“FFIEC”) Interagency Policy Statement on the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses, updated to reflect the adoption of CECL: • Changes in lending policies and procedures, including underwriting standards and collection, charge off, and recovery practices; • Changes in the nature and volume of the loan portfolio; • Changes in the experience, ability, and depth of lending management and staff; • Changes in the trends of the volume and severity of past due loans, classified loans, nonaccrual loans, troubled debt restructurings, and other loan modifications; • Changes in the quality of the loan review system and the degree of oversight by the Directors; • The existence and effect of any concentrations of credit and changes in the level of such concentrations; and • The effect of external factors, such as competition, legal requirements, and regulatory requirements on the level of estimated losses in the loan portfolio. For loans which do not share similar risk characteristics such as nonaccrual and TDR loans above $500 thousand, the Company evaluates these loans on an individual basis in accordance with ASC 326. These nonaccrual and TDR loans are considered to have different risk profiles than performing loans and therefore are evaluated separately. The Company decided to collectively assess TDRs and nonaccrual loans with balances below $500 thousand along with the performing and accrual loans in order to reduce the operational burden of individually assessing small TDR and nonaccrual loans with immaterial balances. For individually assessed loans, the ACL is measured using either 1) the present value of future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate; 2) the loan’s observable market price; or 3) the fair value of the collateral, if the loan is collateral dependent. For the collateral dependent loans, the Company obtains a new appraisal to determine the fair value of collateral. The appraisals are based on an “as-is” valuation. To ensure that appraised values remain current, the Company either obtains updated appraisals every twelve months from a qualified independent appraiser or an internal evaluation of the collateral is performed by qualified personnel. If the third party market data indicates that the value of the collateral property has declined since the most recent valuation date, management adjusts the value of the property downward to reflect current market conditions. If the fair value of the collateral is less than the amortized balance of the loan, the Company recognizes an ACL with a corresponding charge to the provision for credit losses. The Company maintains a separate ACL for its off-balance sheet unfunded loan commitments. The Company uses a funding rate to allocate the allowance to undrawn exposures. This funding rate is used as a credit conversion factor to capture how much undrawn lines of credit can potentially become drawn at any point. The funding rate is determined based on a lookback period of 8 quarters. Credit loss is not estimated for off-balance sheet credit exposures that are unconditionally cancellable by the Company. The following tables present a breakdown of loans by recorded ACL, broken out by loans evaluated individually and collectively at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020: As of June 30, 2021 Real Estate – Real Estate – Real Estate – Commercial Residential Consumer Total (Dollars in thousands) Individually evaluated loans $ — $ 130,944 $ 7,424 $ 20,978 $ 3,053 $ 236 $ 162,635 ACL on individually evaluated loans $ — $ 27,226 $ — $ 3,325 $ 15 $ 26 $ 30,592 Individually evaluated loans ACL coverage N/A 20.79 % N/A 15.85 % 0.49 % 11.02 % 18.81 % Collectively evaluated loans $ 61,360 $ 8,387,171 $ 245,377 $ 3,980,445 $ 540,569 $ 46,744 $ 13,261,666 ACL on collectively evaluated loans $ 330 $ 126,040 $ 1,657 $ 26,175 $ 3,597 $ 1,061 $ 158,860 Collectively evaluated loans ACL coverage 0.54 % 1.50 % 0.68 % 0.66 % 0.67 % 2.27 % 1.20 % Total loans $ 61,360 $ 8,518,115 $ 252,801 $ 4,001,423 $ 543,622 $ 46,980 $ 13,424,301 Total ACL $ 330 $ 153,266 $ 1,657 $ 29,500 $ 3,612 $ 1,087 $ 189,452 Total ACL to total loans 0.54 % 1.80 % 0.66 % 0.74 % 0.66 % 2.31 % 1.41 % As of December 31, 2020 Real Estate – Real Estate – Real Estate – Commercial Residential Consumer Total (Dollars in thousands) Individually evaluated loans $ — $ 74,753 $ 18,723 $ 25,706 $ 3,416 $ 605 $ 123,203 ACL on individually evaluated loans $ — $ 2,862 $ 821 $ 3,575 $ 25 $ 42 $ 7,325 Individually evaluated loans ACL coverage N/A 3.83 % 4.38 % 13.91 % 0.73 % 6.94 % 5.95 % Collectively evaluated loans $ 54,795 $ 8,351,206 $ 272,657 $ 4,132,081 $ 578,816 $ 50,455 $ 13,440,010 ACL on collectively evaluated loans $ 391 $ 156,665 $ 1,457 $ 35,580 $ 4,202 $ 1,121 $ 199,416 Collectively evaluated loans ACL coverage 0.71 % 1.88 % 0.53 % 0.86 % 0.73 % 2.22 % 1.48 % Total loans $ 54,795 $ 8,425,959 $ 291,380 $ 4,157,787 $ 582,232 $ 51,060 $ 13,563,213 Total ACL $ 391 $ 159,527 $ 2,278 $ 39,155 $ 4,227 $ 1,163 $ 206,741 Total ACL to total loans 0.71 % 1.89 % 0.78 % 0.94 % 0.73 % 2.28 % 1.52 % Under certain circumstances, the Company provides borrowers relief through loan modifications. These modifications are either temporary in nature (“temporary modifications”) or are more substantive. The temporary modifications generally consist of interest only payments for a three six TDR loans are individually evaluated in accordance with ASC 310 and ASC 326. The concessions may be granted in various forms, including reduction in the stated interest rate, reduction in the amount of principal amortization, forgiveness of a portion of a loan balance or accrued interest, or extension of the maturity date. In order to determine whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, an evaluation is performed on the probability that the borrower will be in payment default on their debt in the foreseeable future without the modification. This evaluation is performed under the Bank’s internal underwriting policy. At June 30, 2021, total TDR loans were $88.5 million, compared to $51.6 million at December 31, 2020. The balance of loans with modified terms due to COVID-19 as of June 30, 2021 totaled $318.7 million. The majority of these loans were modified in accordance with Section 4013 of the CARES Act. The CARES Act provides banks the option to temporarily suspend certain requirements under U.S. GAAP related to TDR for a limited period of time to account for the effects of COVID-19 if (i) the loan modification is made between March 1, 2020 and the earlier of January 1, 2022 or 60 days after the end of the coronavirus emergency declaration and (ii) the applicable loan was not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019. As such, all modified loans that met the criteria outlined within Section 4013 of the CARES Act were not classified as TDR loans as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, unless the loans were TDR prior to the COVID-19 modification or borrowers were identified to be experiencing financial difficulty prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. As of June 30, 2021, real estate loans accounted for approximately 85% of the loans modified due to hardship from the COVID-19 pandemic. The modifications consisted of full payment deferrals, interest only payments, and a hybrid of full payment deferrals for a period of time followed by interest only payments. The modifications were granted mostly for periods from 3 to 9 months (see “COVID-19 Related Loan Modifications” in the Financial Condition section of the Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for more information). A summary of the recorded investment of TDR loans on accrual and nonaccrual status by type of concession as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 is presented below: As of June 30, 2021 TDR Loans on Accrual Status TDR Loans on Nonaccrual Status Total TDRs Real Estate Commercial Business Residential Mortgage Other Real Estate Commercial Business Residential Mortgage Other (Dollars in thousands) Payment concession $ 17,305 $ 808 $ — $ 58 $ 8,357 $ 523 $ — $ — $ 27,051 Maturity / amortization concession 19,996 7,380 — 133 22,889 3,404 — 117 53,919 Rate concession 5,303 377 — — 398 1,422 — — 7,500 Total $ 42,604 $ 8,565 $ — $ 191 $ 31,644 $ 5,349 $ — $ 117 $ 88,470 As of December 31, 2020 TDR Loans on Accrual Status TDR Loans on Nonaccrual Status Total Real Estate Commercial Business Residential Mortgage Other Real Estate Commercial Business Residential Mortgage Other (Dollars in thousands) Payment concession $ 8,328 $ 814 $ — $ 58 $ 7,074 $ 471 $ — $ — $ 16,745 Maturity / amortization concession 11,331 10,219 — 114 925 3,814 — 117 26,520 Rate concession 6,112 378 — — 424 1,430 — — 8,344 Total $ 25,771 $ 11,411 $ — $ 172 $ 8,423 $ 5,715 $ — $ 117 $ 51,609 TDR loans on accrual status are comprised of loans that were accruing at the time of restructuring and for which the Company anticipates full repayment of both principal and interest under the restr |