Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation The consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2018, the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 and the consolidated statements of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, and all related disclosures contained in the accompanying notes are unaudited. The consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2017 is derived from the audited consolidated financial statements included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The consolidated financial statements are presented on the basis of accounting principles that are generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for a complete set of financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments necessary to present fairly the consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2018, and the results of operations and comprehensive loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, have been made. The interim results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2018 or for any other year. The consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes for the year ended December 31, 2017 that are included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC. Going Concern Management considers that there are no conditions or events, in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least one year from the date the financial statements are issued. The Company expects that its cash of approximately $19.0 million as of September 30, 2018 will be sufficient to fund its operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements through to the second quarter of 2020. This evaluation is based on relevant conditions and events that are known and reasonably knowable at the date that the financial statements are issued, including: a. The Company’s current financial condition, including its sources of liquidity; b. The Company’s conditional and unconditional obligations due or anticipated within one year; c. The funds necessary to maintain the Company’s operations considering its current financial condition, obligations, and other expected cash flows; and d. Other conditions and events, when considered in conjunction with the above that may adversely affect the Company’s ability to meet its obligations. The future viability of the Company beyond the second quarter of 2020 is dependent on its ability to raise additional capital to finance its operations. The Company will need to raise substantial additional capital to pursue it’s transcriptional regulation program evaluating CYC065 in patients with advanced cancers, the DNA damage response and CYC140 programs. Additional funding may not be available to the Company on favorable terms, or at all. If the Company is unable to obtain additional funds, it will need to reduce operating expenses, enter into a collaboration or other similar arrangement with respect to development and/or commercialization rights to its development candidates, if available, or be forced to cancel or delay or reduce the scope of its current development programs, including any potential regulatory filings related to the SEAMLESS study of sapacitabine, and/or limit or cease its operations. The Company’s inability to raise capital as and when needed could have a negative impact on its financial condition and ability to pursue its business strategies. Fair Value of Financial Instruments Financial instruments consist of cash equivalents, accounts payable and accrued liabilities. The carrying amounts of cash equivalents, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate their respective fair values due to the nature of the accounts, notably their short maturities. Comprehensive Income (Loss) All components of comprehensive income (loss), including net income (loss), are reported in the financial statements in the period in which they are recognized. Comprehensive income (loss) is defined as the change in equity during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources. Net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss), including foreign currency translation adjustments, are reported, net of any related tax effect, to arrive at comprehensive income (loss). No taxes were recorded on items of other comprehensive income (loss). There were no reclassifications out of other comprehensive income (loss) during the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2018. Revenue recognition On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted new guidance on revenue recognition, which has been codified within Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers With effect from January 1, 2018, the Company recognizes revenue using the five step model provided in ASC 606: (1) identify the contract with a customer; (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (3) determine the transaction price; (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (5) recognize revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The transaction price includes fixed payments and an estimate of variable consideration, including milestone payments. The Company determines the variable consideration to be included in the transaction price by estimating the most likely amount that will be received and then applies a constraint to reduce the consideration to the amount which is probable of being received. When applying the constraint, the Company considers: · Whether achievement of a development milestone is highly susceptible to factors outside the entity’s influence, such as milestones involving the judgment or actions of third parties, including regulatory bodies; · Whether the uncertainty about the achievement of a milestone is not expected to be resolved for a long period of time; · Whether the Company can reasonably predict that a milestone will be achieved based on previous experience; and. · The complexity and inherent uncertainty underlying the achievement of a milestone. The transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation based on the relative selling price of each performance obligation. The best estimate of the selling price is determined after considering all reasonably available information, including market data and conditions, entity-specific factors such as the cost structure of the deliverable and internal profit and pricing objectives. The revenue allocated to each performance obligation is recognized as or when the Company satisfies the performance obligation. The Company recognizes a contract asset, when the value of satisfied (or part satisfied) performance obligations is in excess of the payment due to the Company, and deferred revenue when the amount of unconditional consideration is in excess of the value of satisfied (or part satisfied) performance obligations. Once a right to receive consideration is unconditional, that amount is presented as a receivable. With effect from January 1, 2018, grant revenue, if new grants are obtained, will be presented as a reduction of research and development expenses. Accounting standards adopted in the period The Company has adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-16, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfer of Assets Other than Inventory (‘‘ASU 2016-16’’), which requires the recognition of the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset, other than inventory, when the transfer occurs. T he adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on The Company has adopted ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows: Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (“ASU 2016-15”), to address diversity in practice in how certain cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows. T he adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on The Company has adopted ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (‘‘ASU 2014-09’’), which supersedes existing revenue recognition guidance. The standard’s core principle is that a company will recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The standard defines a five-step process to achieve this principle. ASU 2014-09 also requires additional disclosure about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts. The Company has adopted the guidance on using a modified retrospective approach with the cumulative effect of initially applying the guidance recognized as of January 1, 2018. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and it did not have a cumulative effect requiring adjustment to opening retained earnings. The most significant impact relates to its accounting for revenues related to grants received from government agencies or nonprofit organizations and revenues from contingent “milestone” based payments. Under the new standard the Company will report grant revenue, if new grants are obtained in a nonreciprocal transaction, as a reduction of the corresponding research and development expense. Historically grants have been reported in revenue, but as the grantor is not likely to be receiving a good or service in exchange for the payment the grant cannot be reported in revenue. The Company also expects to recognize revenue associated with contingent milestone-based payments at the time the contingent event is likely to be met, rather than when the milestone is achieved. However, given the limited number of potential milestones owed to Cyclacel, and the inherent risk involved in developing drugs, the timing of when milestones are recognized as revenues is unlikely to be affected. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements In July 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-11, Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Down Round Features (“ASU 2017-11”), which simplifies the accounting for certain financial instruments with down-round features. A down round feature is a provision in a financial instrument that reduces the strike price of an issued financial instrument if the issuer sells shares of its stock for an amount less than the currently stated strike price of the issued financial instrument or issues an equity-linked financial instrument with a strike price below the currently stated strike price of the issued financial instrument. ASU 2017-11 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. ASU 2017-11 should be adopted retrospectively for each prior reporting period presented or retrospectively as of the beginning of the year of adoption. The Company anticipates this standard will not have a material impact on In February 2016, the FASB issued guidance on accounting for leases in ASU No, 2016-02. The guidance requires that lessees recognize a lease liability, which is a lessee’s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and a right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term at the commencement date. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. Early application is permitted. The guidance in ASU 2016-02 may be adopted on a modified retrospective transition approach for leases existing, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the guidance on the consolidated financial statements. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, Leases, which, in addition to the existing requirements to transition, permits an entity to adopt the new lease accounting guidelines by recognizing a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption without restating prior periods. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the guidance on the consolidated financial statements. We anticipate adopting this as of January 1, 2019 without recasting prior periods. We anticipate that the adoption of the guidance will have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet due to the recognition of a lease liability and corresponding right-of-use asset. |