Item 4.Description of Securities.
Not applicable.
Item 5.Interests of Named Experts and Counsel.
Not applicable.
Item 6.Indemnification of Directors and Officers.
Section 145 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “DGCL”) authorizes a corporation’s board of directors to grant, and authorizes a court to award, indemnity to officers, directors and other corporate agents.
The Registrant’s Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (the “Certificate”), requires the Registrant to indemnify its directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL as it presently exists or as may hereafter be amended. Therefore, a director of the Registrant will not be liable to the Registrant or the Registrant’s stockholders for monetary damages for any breach of fiduciary duty as a director, provided that the individual acted in good faith and in a manner the individual reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful. Any amendment to, or repeal of, these provisions will not eliminate or reduce the effect of these provisions in respect of any act, omission or claim that occurred or arose prior to that amendment or repeal. If the DGCL is amended to provide for further limitations on the personal liability of directors of corporations, then the personal liability of the Registrant’s directors will be further limited to the greatest extent permitted by the DGCL.
Additionally, the provisions of the Certificate and of the Registrant’s bylaws require the Registrant to indemnify and hold harmless, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law as it presently exists or as may hereafter be amended, any person who was or is made or is threatened to be made a party or is otherwise involved in any action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that he or she, or a person for whom he or she is the legal representative, is or was a director or officer of the Registrant or, while a director or officer of the Registrant, is or was serving at the request of the Registrant as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, trust, enterprise or nonprofit entity, including service with respect to employee benefit plans, against all liability and loss suffered and expenses (including attorneys’ fees) reasonably incurred by such person. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, the Registrant shall be required to indemnify such a person in connection with a proceeding (or part thereof) commenced by such person only if the commencement of such proceeding (or part thereof) by the person was authorized in the specific case by the Board of Directors. The Registrant’s bylaws also provide that the Registrant shall, to the fullest extent not prohibited by applicable law, promptly pay the expenses, including attorneys’ fees, incurred by a director or officer in defending any proceeding in advance of its final disposition, subject to certain limited exceptions.
The Registrant’s bylaws permit the Registrant to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person that the Registrant is permitted to indemnify in accordance with the bylaws against any liability asserted again any such person and incurred by such person, whether or not the Registrant would have the power to indemnify such person against such liability under the DGCL. In accordance with the provisions of the bylaws, the Registrant currently maintains directors’ and officers’ liability insurance, which may insure against director or officer liability arising under the Securities Act. In addition, the Registrant has entered into various agreements whereby it has agreed to indemnify its directors and officers for specific liabilities that they may incur while serving in such capacities. These indemnification agreements provide for the maximum indemnity allowed to directors and officers by applicable law. The Registrant believes that these agreements are necessary to attract and retain qualified individuals to serve as directors and executive officers.
The limitation of liability and indemnification provisions that are included in the Certificate, the Registrant’s bylaws and in indemnification agreements that the Registrant enters into with its directors and officers may discourage stockholders from bringing a lawsuit against the Registrant’s directors and officers for breach of their fiduciary duties. They may also reduce the likelihood of derivative litigation against the Registrant’s directors and officers, even though an action, if successful, might benefit the Registrant and other stockholders. Further, a stockholder’s investment may be adversely affected to the extent that the Registrant pays the costs of settlement and damage awards against directors and executive officers as required by the applicable indemnification provisions. At present, the Registrant is not aware of any pending litigation or proceeding involving any person who is or was one of its directors, officers, employees or other