Investments | INVESTMENTS Fixed Maturities and Equity Securities The following tables provide information relating to fixed maturities and equity securities (excluding investments classified as trading) as of the dates indicated: June 30, 2016 Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value OTTI in AOCI(4) (in millions) Fixed maturities, available-for-sale U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies $ 17,128 $ 5,302 $ 1 $ 22,429 $ 0 Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions 8,326 1,456 3 9,779 0 Foreign government bonds 82,283 23,744 40 105,987 0 U.S. corporate public securities 76,570 9,391 531 85,430 (9 ) U.S. corporate private securities(1) 29,177 2,643 255 31,565 (20 ) Foreign corporate public securities 26,861 3,474 199 30,136 (5 ) Foreign corporate private securities 20,132 905 700 20,337 0 Asset-backed securities(2) 10,162 180 155 10,187 (374 ) Commercial mortgage-backed securities 10,995 653 5 11,643 (1 ) Residential mortgage-backed securities(3) 4,432 347 2 4,777 (3 ) Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale(1) $ 286,066 $ 48,095 $ 1,891 $ 332,270 $ (412 ) Equity securities, available-for-sale $ 7,088 $ 2,500 $ 92 $ 9,496 June 30, 2016 Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value (in millions) Fixed maturities, held-to-maturity Foreign government bonds $ 954 $ 393 $ 0 $ 1,347 Foreign corporate public securities 694 82 0 776 Foreign corporate private securities(5) 92 5 0 97 Commercial mortgage-backed securities 11 0 0 11 Residential mortgage-backed securities(3) 734 61 0 795 Total fixed maturities, held-to-maturity(5) $ 2,485 $ 541 $ 0 $ 3,026 __________ (1) Excludes notes with amortized cost of $1,127 million (fair value, $1,127 million ) which have been offset with the associated payables under a netting agreement. (2) Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages, auto loans, credit cards, education loans and other asset types. (3) Includes publicly-traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations. (4) Represents the amount of OTTI losses in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (“AOCI”), which were not included in earnings. Amount excludes $698 million of net unrealized gains on impaired available-for-sale securities and $1 million of net unrealized gains on impaired held-to-maturity securities relating to changes in the value of such securities subsequent to the impairment measurement date. (5) Excludes notes with amortized cost of $3,990 million (fair value, $3,990 million ) which have been offset with the associated payables under a netting agreement. December 31, 2015 Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value OTTI in AOCI(4) (in millions) Fixed maturities, available-for-sale U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies $ 14,992 $ 3,544 $ 19 $ 18,517 $ 0 Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions 8,089 747 41 8,795 0 Foreign government bonds 71,849 12,011 147 83,713 1 U.S. corporate public securities 70,979 6,344 1,955 75,368 (3 ) U.S. corporate private securities(1) 28,525 2,278 359 30,444 0 Foreign corporate public securities 26,354 2,821 621 28,554 0 Foreign corporate private securities 19,393 739 994 19,138 0 Asset-backed securities(2) 10,121 226 121 10,226 (452 ) Commercial mortgage-backed securities 10,337 195 70 10,462 (1 ) Residential mortgage-backed securities(3) 4,777 335 6 5,106 (4 ) Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale(1) $ 265,416 $ 29,240 $ 4,333 $ 290,323 $ (459 ) Equity securities, available-for-sale $ 6,847 $ 2,570 $ 143 $ 9,274 December 31, 2015 Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value (in millions) Fixed maturities, held-to-maturity Foreign government bonds $ 816 $ 196 $ 0 $ 1,012 Foreign corporate public securities 625 62 0 687 Foreign corporate private securities(5) 78 4 0 82 Commercial mortgage-backed securities 33 1 0 34 Residential mortgage-backed securities(3) 756 53 0 809 Total fixed maturities, held-to-maturity(5) $ 2,308 $ 316 $ 0 $ 2,624 __________ (1) Excludes notes with amortized cost of $1,050 million (fair value, $1,039 million ) which have been offset with the associated payables under a netting agreement. (2) Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages, auto loans, credit cards, education loans and other asset types. (3) Includes publicly-traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations. (4) Represents the amount of OTTI losses in AOCI, which were not included in earnings. Amount excludes $693 million of net unrealized gains on impaired available-for-sale securities and less than $1 million of net unrealized gains on impaired held-to-maturity securities relating to changes in the value of such securities subsequent to the impairment measurement date. (5) Excludes notes with amortized cost of $3,850 million (fair value, $4,081 million ) which have been offset with the associated payables under a netting agreement. The amortized cost and fair value of fixed maturities by contractual maturities at June 30, 2016 , are as follows: Available-for-Sale Held-to-Maturity Amortized Cost Fair Value Amortized Cost Fair Value (in millions) Due in one year or less $ 12,437 $ 13,082 $ 8 $ 8 Due after one year through five years 47,952 52,497 80 85 Due after five years through ten years 58,735 64,754 702 784 Due after ten years(1) 141,353 175,330 950 1,343 Asset-backed securities 10,162 10,187 0 0 Commercial mortgage-backed securities 10,995 11,643 11 11 Residential mortgage-backed securities 4,432 4,777 734 795 Total $ 286,066 $ 332,270 $ 2,485 $ 3,026 __________ (1) Excludes available-for-sale notes with amortized cost of $1,127 million (fair value, $1,127 million ) and held-to-maturity notes with amortized cost of $3,990 million (fair value, $3,990 million ), which have been offset with the associated payables under a netting agreement. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations. Asset-backed, commercial mortgage-backed and residential mortgage-backed securities are shown separately in the table above, as they are not due at a single maturity date. The following table depicts the sources of fixed maturity and equity security proceeds and related investment gains (losses), as well as losses on impairments of both fixed maturities and equity securities: Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 2015 2016 2015 (in millions) Fixed maturities, available-for-sale Proceeds from sales $ 9,232 $ 7,626 $ 14,354 $ 15,044 Proceeds from maturities/repayments 5,586 4,618 9,623 9,713 Gross investment gains from sales, prepayments and maturities 499 442 794 974 Gross investment losses from sales and maturities (55 ) (42 ) (297 ) (97 ) Fixed maturities, held-to-maturity Gross investment gains from prepayments $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 Proceeds from maturities/repayments 75 63 125 123 Equity securities, available-for-sale Proceeds from sales $ 896 $ 1,564 $ 1,837 $ 2,553 Gross investment gains from sales 138 273 248 427 Gross investment losses from sales (36 ) (35 ) (107 ) (61 ) Fixed maturity and equity security impairments Net writedowns for other-than-temporary impairment losses on fixed maturities recognized in earnings(1) $ (11 ) $ (29 ) $ (137 ) $ (37 ) Writedowns for impairments on equity securities (31 ) (11 ) (42 ) (17 ) __________ (1) Excludes the portion of OTTI recorded in “Other comprehensive income (loss),” (“OCI”) representing any difference between the fair value of the impaired debt security and the net present value of its projected future cash flows at the time of impairment. As discussed in Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 , a portion of certain OTTI losses on fixed maturity securities is recognized in OCI. For these securities, the net amount recognized in earnings (“credit loss impairments”) represents the difference between the amortized cost of the security and the net present value of its projected future cash flows discounted at the effective interest rate implicit in the debt security prior to impairment. Any remaining difference between the fair value and amortized cost is recognized in OCI. The following table sets forth the amount of pre-tax credit loss impairments on fixed maturity securities held by the Company as of the dates indicated, for which a portion of the OTTI loss was recognized in OCI, and the corresponding changes in such amounts: Three Months Ended June 30, 2016 Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 (in millions) Balance, beginning of period $ 543 $ 532 Credit loss impairments previously recognized on securities which matured, paid down, prepaid or were sold during the period (131 ) (141 ) Credit loss impairments previously recognized on securities impaired to fair value during the period(1) 0 (2 ) Credit loss impairments recognized in the current period on securities not previously impaired 7 27 Additional credit loss impairments recognized in the current period on securities previously impaired 0 0 Increases due to the passage of time on previously recorded credit losses 7 12 Accretion of credit loss impairments previously recognized due to an increase in cash flows expected to be collected (2 ) (4 ) Balance, end of period $ 424 $ 424 Three Months Ended June 30, 2015 Six Months Ended June 30, 2015 (in millions) Balance, beginning of period $ 773 $ 781 Credit loss impairments previously recognized on securities which matured, paid down, prepaid or were sold during the period (15 ) (28 ) Credit loss impairments previously recognized on securities impaired to fair value during the period(1) (12 ) (13 ) Credit loss impairments recognized in the current period on securities not previously impaired 0 3 Additional credit loss impairments recognized in the current period on securities previously impaired 2 2 Increases due to the passage of time on previously recorded credit losses 7 13 Accretion of credit loss impairments previously recognized due to an increase in cash flows expected to be collected (4 ) (7 ) Balance, end of period $ 751 $ 751 __________ (1) Represents circumstances where the Company determined in the current period that it intends to sell the security or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of the security’s amortized cost. Trading Account Assets Supporting Insurance Liabilities The following table sets forth the composition of “Trading account assets supporting insurance liabilities” as of the dates indicated: June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Amortized Cost Fair Value Amortized Cost Fair Value (in millions) Short-term investments and cash equivalents $ 614 $ 614 $ 765 $ 765 Fixed maturities: Corporate securities 13,422 13,872 12,797 12,851 Commercial mortgage-backed securities 1,899 1,985 1,860 1,862 Residential mortgage-backed securities(1) 1,289 1,334 1,411 1,428 Asset-backed securities(2) 1,343 1,353 1,295 1,299 Foreign government bonds 803 847 680 694 U.S. government authorities and agencies and obligations of U.S. states 405 452 326 369 Total fixed maturities 19,161 19,843 18,369 18,503 Equity securities 1,194 1,245 1,030 1,254 Total trading account assets supporting insurance liabilities $ 20,969 $ 21,702 $ 20,164 $ 20,522 __________ (1) Includes publicly-traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations. (2) Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages, auto loans, credit cards, education loans and other asset types. The net change in unrealized gains (losses) from trading account assets supporting insurance liabilities still held at period end, recorded within “Other income,” was $136 million and $(276) million during the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 , respectively, and $375 million and $(266) million during the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 , respectively. Other Trading Account Assets The following table sets forth the composition of the “Other trading account assets” as of the dates indicated: June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Amortized Cost Fair Value Amortized Cost Fair Value (in millions) Short-term investments and cash equivalents $ 26 $ 26 $ 26 $ 26 Fixed maturities 4,268 4,072 11,132 10,764 Equity securities 939 1,022 1,006 1,098 Other 5 6 12 15 Subtotal $ 5,238 5,126 $ 12,176 11,903 Derivative instruments 2,142 2,555 Total other trading account assets $ 7,268 $ 14,458 The net change in unrealized gains (losses) from other trading account assets, excluding derivative instruments, still held at period end, recorded within “Other income,” was $137 million and $61 million during the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 , respectively, and $161 million and $9 million during the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 , respectively. Concentrations of Financial Instruments The Company monitors its concentrations of financial instruments and mitigates credit risk by maintaining a diversified investment portfolio which limits exposure to any one issuer. As of both June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , the Company’s exposure to concentrations of credit risk of single issuers greater than 10% of the Company’s stockholders’ equity included securities of the U.S. government and certain U.S. government agencies and certain securities guaranteed by the U.S. government, as well as the securities disclosed below . June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Amortized Cost Fair Value Amortized Cost Fair Value (in millions) Investments in Japanese government and government agency securities: Fixed maturities, available-for-sale $ 63,034 $ 81,467 $ 53,851 $ 61,911 Fixed maturities, held-to-maturity 931 1,315 796 988 Trading account assets supporting insurance liabilities 599 646 492 502 Other trading account assets 36 37 33 33 Total $ 64,600 $ 83,465 $ 55,172 $ 63,434 June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Amortized Cost Fair Value Amortized Cost Fair Value (in millions) Investments in South Korean government and government agency securities: Fixed maturities, available-for-sale $ 7,569 $ 10,485 $ 7,191 $ 9,233 Fixed maturities, held-to-maturity 0 0 0 0 Trading account assets supporting insurance liabilities 44 45 44 44 Other trading account assets 7 7 0 0 Total $ 7,620 $ 10,537 $ 7,235 $ 9,277 Commercial Mortgage and Other Loans The Company’s commercial mortgage and other loans are comprised as follows, as of the dates indicated: June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Amount (in millions) % of Total Amount (in millions) % of Total Commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans by property type: Office $ 11,790 23.3 % $ 11,226 22.9 % Retail 8,567 17.0 8,917 18.2 Apartments/Multi-Family 13,139 26.0 12,034 24.5 Industrial 7,718 15.3 7,775 15.9 Hospitality 2,372 4.7 2,513 5.1 Other 4,037 8.0 3,722 7.6 Total commercial mortgage loans 47,623 94.3 46,187 94.2 Agricultural property loans 2,873 5.7 2,859 5.8 Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans by property type 50,496 100.0 % 49,046 100.0 % Valuation allowance (92 ) (99 ) Total net commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans by property type 50,404 48,947 Other loans: Uncollateralized loans 730 1,012 Residential property loans 310 301 Other collateralized loans 11 312 Total other loans 1,051 1,625 Valuation allowance (8 ) (13 ) Total net other loans 1,043 1,612 Total commercial mortgage and other loans(1) $ 51,447 $ 50,559 __________ (1) Includes loans held at fair value. The commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans are geographically dispersed throughout the United States (with the largest concentrations in California (26%) , New York (9%) and Texas (9%) ) and include loans secured by properties in Europe (4%) and Asia (1%) at June 30, 2016 . Activity in the allowance for credit losses for all commercial mortgage and other loans, as of the dates indicated, is as follows: June 30, 2016 Commercial Mortgage Loans Agricultural Property Loans Residential Property Loans Other Collateralized Loans Uncollateralized Loans Total (in millions) Allowance for credit losses, beginning of year $ 97 $ 2 $ 3 $ 0 $ 10 $ 112 Addition to (release of) allowance for losses (7 ) 0 0 0 (5 ) (12 ) Charge-offs, net of recoveries 0 0 0 0 0 0 Change in foreign exchange 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total ending balance $ 90 $ 2 $ 3 $ 0 $ 5 $ 100 December 31, 2015 Commercial Mortgage Loans Agricultural Property Loans Residential Property Loans Other Collateralized Loans Uncollateralized Loans Total (in millions) Allowance for credit losses, beginning of year $ 104 $ 1 $ 5 $ 0 $ 9 $ 119 Addition to (release of) allowance for losses (7 ) 1 (2 ) 0 1 (7 ) Charge-offs, net of recoveries 0 0 0 0 0 0 Change in foreign exchange 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total ending balance $ 97 $ 2 $ 3 $ 0 $ 10 $ 112 The following tables set forth the allowance for credit losses and the recorded investment in commercial mortgage and other loans as of the dates indicated: June 30, 2016 Commercial Mortgage Loans Agricultural Property Loans Residential Property Loans Other Collateralized Loans Uncollateralized Loans Total (in millions) Allowance for Credit Losses: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 4 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 4 Collectively evaluated for impairment 86 2 3 0 5 96 Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total ending balance $ 90 $ 2 $ 3 $ 0 $ 5 $ 100 Recorded Investment(1): Gross of reserves: individually evaluated for impairment $ 150 $ 20 $ 0 $ 0 $ 2 $ 172 Gross of reserves: collectively evaluated for impairment 47,473 2,853 310 11 728 51,375 Gross of reserves: loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total ending balance, gross of reserves $ 47,623 $ 2,873 $ 310 $ 11 $ 730 $ 51,547 __________ (1) Recorded investment reflects the carrying value gross of related allowance. December 31, 2015 Commercial Mortgage Loans Agricultural Property Loans Residential Property Loans Other Collateralized Loans Uncollateralized Loans Total (in millions) Allowance for Credit Losses: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 1 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 1 Collectively evaluated for impairment 96 2 3 0 10 111 Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total ending balance $ 97 $ 2 $ 3 $ 0 $ 10 $ 112 Recorded Investment(1): Gross of reserves: individually evaluated for impairment $ 111 $ 8 $ 0 $ 0 $ 2 $ 121 Gross of reserves: collectively evaluated for impairment 46,076 2,851 301 312 1,010 50,550 Gross of reserves: loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total ending balance, gross of reserves $ 46,187 $ 2,859 $ 301 $ 312 $ 1,012 $ 50,671 __________ (1) Recorded investment reflects the carrying value gross of related allowance. Impaired loans include those loans for which it is probable that all amounts due will not be collected according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Impaired commercial mortgage and other loans identified in management’s specific review of probable loan losses and the related allowance for losses, as of the dates indicated, are as follows: June 30, 2016 Recorded Investment(1) Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance Average Recorded Investment Before Allowance(2) Interest Income Recognized(3) (in millions) With no related allowance recorded: Commercial mortgage loans $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 Agricultural property loans 0 0 0 0 0 Residential property loans 0 0 0 0 0 Other collateralized loans 0 0 0 0 0 Uncollateralized loans 0 2 0 0 0 Total with no related allowance $ 0 $ 2 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 With an allowance recorded: Commercial mortgage loans $ 51 $ 51 $ 4 $ 19 $ 2 Agricultural property loans 0 0 0 0 0 Residential property loans 0 0 0 0 0 Other collateralized loans 0 0 0 0 0 Uncollateralized loans 0 0 0 0 0 Total with related allowance $ 51 $ 51 $ 4 $ 19 $ 2 Total: Commercial mortgage loans $ 51 $ 51 $ 4 $ 19 $ 2 Agricultural property loans 0 0 0 0 0 Residential property loans 0 0 0 0 0 Other collateralized loans 0 0 0 0 0 Uncollateralized loans 0 2 0 0 0 Total $ 51 $ 53 $ 4 $ 19 $ 2 __________ (1) Recorded investment reflects the carrying value gross of related allowance. (2) Average recorded investment represents the average of the beginning-of-period and all subsequent quarterly end-of-period balances. (3) The interest income recognized is for the year-to-date income regardless of when the impairments occurred. December 31, 2015 Recorded Investment(1) Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance Average Recorded Investment Before Allowance(2) Interest Income Recognized(3) (in millions) With no related allowance recorded: Commercial mortgage loans $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 Agricultural property loans 0 0 0 2 0 Residential property loans 0 0 0 0 0 Other collateralized loans 0 0 0 0 0 Uncollateralized loans 0 1 0 0 0 Total with no related allowance $ 0 $ 1 $ 0 $ 2 $ 0 With an allowance recorded: Commercial mortgage loans $ 1 $ 1 $ 1 $ 52 $ 3 Agricultural property loans 0 0 0 0 0 Residential property loans 0 0 0 0 0 Other collateralized loans 0 0 0 0 0 Uncollateralized loans 0 0 0 0 0 Total with related allowance $ 1 $ 1 $ 1 $ 52 $ 3 Total: Commercial mortgage loans $ 1 $ 1 $ 1 $ 52 $ 3 Agricultural property loans 0 0 0 2 0 Residential property loans 0 0 0 0 0 Other collateralized loans 0 0 0 0 0 Uncollateralized loans 0 1 0 0 0 Total $ 1 $ 2 $ 1 $ 54 $ 3 __________ (1) Recorded investment reflects the carrying value gross of related allowance. (2) Average recorded investment represents the average of the beginning-of-period and all subsequent quarterly end-of-period balances. (3) The interest income recognized is for the year-to-date income regardless of when the impairments occurred. The net carrying value of commercial and other loans held for sale by the Company as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , was $591 million and $274 million , respectively. For all of these loans, the Company pre-arranges that it will sell the loan to an investor. As of both June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , all of the Company’s commercial and other loans held for sale were collateralized, with collateral primarily consisting of apartment complexes. The following tables set forth certain key credit quality indicators as of June 30, 2016 , based upon the recorded investment gross of allowance for credit losses. Commercial mortgage loans Debt Service Coverage Ratio—June 30, 2016 Greater than 1.2X 1.0X to <1.2X Less than 1.0X Total (in millions) Loan-to-Value Ratio 0%-59.99% $ 26,709 $ 431 $ 414 $ 27,554 60%-69.99% 12,687 331 106 13,124 70%-79.99% 6,105 330 119 6,554 Greater than 80% 231 143 17 391 Total commercial mortgage loans $ 45,732 $ 1,235 $ 656 $ 47,623 Agricultural property loans Debt Service Coverage Ratio—June 30, 2016 Greater than 1.2X 1.0X to <1.2X Less than 1.0X Total (in millions) Loan-to-Value Ratio 0%-59.99% $ 2,616 $ 118 $ 2 $ 2,736 60%-69.99% 137 0 0 137 70%-79.99% 0 0 0 0 Greater than 80% 0 0 0 0 Total agricultural property loans $ 2,753 $ 118 $ 2 $ 2,873 Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans Debt Service Coverage Ratio—June 30, 2016 Greater than 1.0X to <1.2X Less than Total (in millions) Loan-to-Value Ratio 0%-59.99% $ 29,325 $ 549 $ 416 $ 30,290 60%-69.99% 12,824 331 106 13,261 70%-79.99% 6,105 330 119 6,554 Greater than 80% 231 143 17 391 Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans $ 48,485 $ 1,353 $ 658 $ 50,496 The following tables set forth certain key credit quality indicators as of December 31, 2015 , based upon the recorded investment gross of allowance for credit losses. Commercial mortgage loans Debt Service Coverage Ratio—December 31, 2015 Greater than 1.2X 1.0X to <1.2X Less than 1.0X Total (in millions) Loan-to-Value Ratio 0%-59.99% $ 25,978 $ 515 $ 207 $ 26,700 60%-69.99% 12,191 395 234 12,820 70%-79.99% 5,668 500 97 6,265 Greater than 80% 119 151 132 402 Total commercial mortgage loans $ 43,956 $ 1,561 $ 670 $ 46,187 Agricultural property loans Debt Service Coverage Ratio—December 31, 2015 Greater than 1.2X 1.0X to <1.2X Less than 1.0X Total (in millions) Loan-to-Value Ratio 0%-59.99% $ 2,587 $ 84 $ 3 $ 2,674 60%-69.99% 185 0 0 185 70%-79.99% 0 0 0 0 Greater than 80% 0 0 0 0 Total agricultural property loans $ 2,772 $ 84 $ 3 $ 2,859 Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans Debt Service Coverage Ratio—December 31, 2015 Greater than 1.2X 1.0X to <1.2X Less than 1.0X Total (in millions) Loan-to-Value Ratio 0%-59.99% $ 28,565 $ 599 $ 210 $ 29,374 60%-69.99% 12,376 395 234 13,005 70%-79.99% 5,668 500 97 6,265 Greater than 80% 119 151 132 402 Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans $ 46,728 $ 1,645 $ 673 $ 49,046 The following tables provide an aging of past due commercial mortgage and other loans as of the dates indicated, based upon the recorded investment gross of allowance for credit losses, as well as the amount of commercial mortgage loans on nonaccrual status as of the dates indicated. June 30, 2016 Current 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due Greater Than 90 Days Past Due Total Past Due Total Commercial Mortgage and Other Loans Non Accrual Status (in millions) Commercial mortgage loans $ 47,619 $ 0 $ 0 $ 4 $ 4 $ 47,623 $ 97 Agricultural property loans 2,872 0 0 1 1 2,873 1 Residential property loans 298 5 1 6 12 310 6 Other collateralized loans 11 0 0 0 0 11 0 Uncollateralized loans 730 0 0 0 0 730 0 Total $ 51,530 $ 5 $ 1 $ 11 $ 17 $ 51,547 $ 104 December 31, 2015 Current 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due Greater Than 90 Days Past Due Total Past Due Total Commercial Mortgage and Other Loans Non Accrual Status (in millions) Commercial mortgage loans $ 46,187 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 46,187 $ 53 Agricultural property loans 2,856 2 0 1 3 2,859 1 Residential property loans 288 7 0 6 13 301 6 Other collateralized loans 312 0 0 0 0 312 0 Uncollateralized loans 1,012 0 0 0 0 1,012 0 Total $ 50,655 $ 9 $ 0 $ 7 $ 16 $ 50,671 $ 60 See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 , for further discussion regarding nonaccrual status loans. For both the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 , there were no commercial mortgage and other loans acquired, other than those through direct origination, and there were no commercial mortgage and other loans sold, other than those classified as held-for-sale, respectively. For both the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 there were $53 million of commercial mortgage and other loans acquired, other than those through direct origination and there were $18 million of commercial mortgage and other loans sold, other than those classified as held-for-sale. The Company’s commercial mortgage and other loans may occasionally be involved in a troubled debt restructuring. As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , the Company had no significant commitments to borrowers that have been involved in a troubled debt restructuring. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 , there were no new troubled debt restructurings related to commercial mortgage and other loans and no payment defaults on commercial mortgage and other loans that were modified as a troubled debt restructuring within the twelve months preceding. For additional information relating to the accounting for troubled debt restructurings, see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 . As of June 30, 2016 , there were no private debt commitments to borrowers that have been involved in a troubled debt restructuring. As of June 30, 2016 , the Company did not have any foreclosed residential real estate property. Net Investment Income Net investment income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 , was from the following sources: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended 2016 2015 2016 2015 (in millions) Fixed maturities, available-for-sale(1) $ 2,705 $ 2,611 $ 5,328 $ 5,194 Fixed maturities, held-to-maturity(1) 52 51 103 100 Equity securities, available-for-sale 111 81 190 177 Trading account assets 241 294 495 581 Commercial mortgage and other loans 561 556 1,116 1,100 Policy loans 156 154 310 308 Short-term investments and cash equivalents 34 11 67 24 Other long-term investments 110 137 209 381 Gross investment income 3,970 3,895 7,818 7,865 Less: investment expenses (181 ) (224 ) (359 ) (425 ) Net investment income $ 3,789 $ 3,671 $ 7,459 $ 7,440 __________ (1) Includes income on credit-linked notes which are reported on the same financial statement line item as related surplus notes, as conditions are met for right to offset. Realized Investment Gains (Losses), Net Realized investment gains (losses), net, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 , were from the following sources: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended 2016 2015 2016 2015 (in millions) Fixed maturities $ 433 $ 371 $ 360 $ 840 Equity securities 71 227 99 348 Commercial mortgage and other loans 4 20 31 31 Investment real estate 1 14 1 38 Joint ventures and limited partnerships (23 ) (4 ) (64 ) (9 ) Derivatives(1) 951 (503 ) 2,895 1,235 Other (4 ) 4 (8 ) 7 Realized investment gains (losses), net $ 1,433 $ 129 $ 3,314 $ 2,490 __________ (1) Includes the offset of hedged items in qualifying effective hedge relationships prior to maturity or termination. Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments by Asset Class The table below presents net unrealized gains (losses) on investments by asset class as of the dates indicated: June 30, December 31, (in millions) Fixed maturity securities on which an OTTI loss has been recognized $ 286 $ 234 Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale—all other 45,918 24,673 Equity securities, available-for-sale 2,408 2,427 Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges(1) 1,298 1,165 Other investments(2) (31 ) (25 ) Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments $ 49,879 $ 28,474 __________ (1) See Note 14 for more information on cash flow hedges. (2) As of June 30, 2016 , there were no net unrealized losses on held-to-maturity securities that were previously transferred from available-for-sale. Includes net unrealized gains on certain joint ventures that are strategic in nature and are included in “Other assets” and losses on notes associated with payables under a netting agreement. Duration of Gross Unrealized Loss Positions for Fixed Maturities and Equity Securities The following table shows the fair value and gross unrealized losses aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual fixed maturity securities and equity securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, as of the dates indicated: June 30, 2016 Less than Twelve months or more Total Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses (in millions) Fixed maturities(1) U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies $ 51 $ 1 $ 1 $ 0 $ 52 $ 1 Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions 4 0 21 3 25 3 Foreign government bonds 235 8 434 32 669 40 U.S. corporate public securities 4,204 167 5,238 364 9,442 531 U.S. corporate private securities 2,863 174 1,482 81 4,345 255 Foreign corporate public securities 1,161 37 1,883 162 3,044 199 Foreign corporate private securities 4,096 223 4,536 477 8,632 700 Asset-backed securities 2,986 82 3,489 73 6,475 155 Commercial mortgage-backed securities 427 3 296 2 723 5 Residential mortgage-backed securities 41 0 95 2 136 2 Total $ 16,068 $ 695 $ 17,475 $ 1,196 $ 33,543 $ 1,891 Equity securities, available-for-sale $ 1,194 $ 91 $ 9 $ 1 $ 1,203 $ 92 __________ (1) Includes $14 million of fair value and less than $1 million of gross unrealized losses at June 30, 2016 , on securities classified as held-to-maturity, which is not reflected in AOCI. December 31, 2015 Less than twelve months Twelve months or more Total Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses (in millions) Fixed maturities(1) U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies $ 3,068 $ 19 $ 0 $ 0 $ 3,068 $ 19 Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions 1,391 40 7 1 1,398 41 Foreign government bonds 1,925 82 411 65 2,336 147 U.S. corporate public securities 24,642 1,396 3,455 559 28,097 1,955 U.S. corporate private securities 6,996 266 802 93 7,798 359 Foreign corporate public securities 5,985 288 1,584 333 7,569 621 Foreign corporate private securities 6,199 340 3,917 654 10,116 994 Asset-backed securities 4,342 33 3,138 88 7,480 121 Commercial mortgage-backed se |