Investments | INVESTMENTS Fixed Maturity Securities The following tables set forth information relating to fixed maturity securities (excluding investments classified as trading), as of the dates indicated: March 31, 2018 Amortized Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value OTTI in AOCI(4) (in millions) Fixed maturities, available-for-sale: U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies $ 22,519 $ 3,114 $ 612 $ 25,021 $ 0 Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions 9,483 842 30 10,295 0 Foreign government bonds 94,181 16,498 354 110,325 0 U.S. corporate public securities 81,309 5,882 1,365 85,826 (6 ) U.S. corporate private securities(1) 32,121 1,528 406 33,243 (10 ) Foreign corporate public securities 26,776 2,635 233 29,178 (5 ) Foreign corporate private securities 23,829 1,179 365 24,643 0 Asset-backed securities(2) 12,614 226 23 12,817 (184 ) Commercial mortgage-backed securities 13,021 87 245 12,863 0 Residential mortgage-backed securities(3) 3,327 129 37 3,419 (1 ) Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale(1) $ 319,180 $ 32,120 $ 3,670 $ 347,630 $ (206 ) March 31, 2018 Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value (in millions) Fixed maturities, held-to-maturity: Foreign government bonds $ 915 $ 283 $ 0 $ 1,198 Foreign corporate public securities 685 75 0 760 Foreign corporate private securities(5) 88 2 0 90 Commercial mortgage-backed securities 0 0 0 0 Residential mortgage-backed securities(3) 432 31 0 463 Total fixed maturities, held-to-maturity(5) $ 2,120 $ 391 $ 0 $ 2,511 __________ (1) Excludes notes with amortized cost of $2,846 million (fair value, $2,846 million ), which have been offset with the associated payables under a netting agreement. (2) Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by loan obligations, sub-prime mortgages, auto loans, credit cards, education loans and other asset types. (3) Includes publicly-traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations. (4) Represents the amount of unrealized losses remaining in “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)” (“AOCI”), from the impairment measurement date. Amount excludes $440 million of net unrealized gains on impaired available-for-sale securities and $2 million of net unrealized gains on impaired held-to-maturity securities relating to changes in the value of such securities subsequent to the impairment measurement date. (5) Excludes notes with amortized cost of $4,753 million (fair value, $4,812 million ), which have been offset with the associated payables under a netting agreement. December 31, 2017 Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value OTTI in AOCI(4) (in millions) Fixed maturities, available-for-sale: U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies $ 22,837 $ 3,647 $ 346 $ 26,138 $ 0 Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions 9,366 1,111 6 10,471 0 Foreign government bonds 88,062 15,650 293 103,419 0 U.S. corporate public securities 81,967 8,671 414 90,224 (10 ) U.S. corporate private securities(1) 31,852 2,051 169 33,734 (13 ) Foreign corporate public securities 26,389 3,118 99 29,408 (5 ) Foreign corporate private securities 23,322 1,242 337 24,227 0 Asset-backed securities(2) 11,965 278 10 12,233 (237 ) Commercial mortgage-backed securities 13,134 238 91 13,281 0 Residential mortgage-backed securities(3) 3,491 165 11 3,645 (2 ) Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale(1) $ 312,385 $ 36,171 $ 1,776 $ 346,780 $ (267 ) December 31, 2017 Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value (in millions) Fixed maturities, held-to-maturity: Foreign government bonds $ 865 $ 265 $ 0 $ 1,130 Foreign corporate public securities 654 82 0 736 Foreign corporate private securities(5) 84 2 0 86 Commercial mortgage-backed securities 0 0 0 0 Residential mortgage-backed securities(3) 446 32 0 478 Total fixed maturities, held-to-maturity(5) $ 2,049 $ 381 $ 0 $ 2,430 __________ (1) Excludes notes with amortized cost of $2,660 million (fair value, $2,660 million ), which have been offset with the associated payables under a netting agreement. (2) Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by loan obligations, sub-prime mortgages, auto loans, credit cards, education loans and other asset types. (3) Includes publicly-traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations. (4) Represents the amount of unrealized losses remaining in AOCI, from the impairment measurement date. Amount excludes $553 million of net unrealized gains on impaired available-for-sale securities and $2 million of net unrealized gains on impaired held-to-maturity securities relating to changes in the value of such securities subsequent to the impairment measurement date. (5) Excludes notes with amortized cost of $4,627 million (fair value, $4,913 million ), which have been offset with the associated payables under a netting agreement. The following tables set forth the fair value and gross unrealized losses aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual fixed maturity securities had been in a continuous unrealized loss position, as of the dates indicated: March 31, 2018 Less Than Twelve Months Total Fair Gross Fair Gross Fair Gross (in millions) Fixed maturities(1): U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies $ 4,324 $ 127 $ 4,984 $ 485 $ 9,308 $ 612 Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions 1,217 16 264 14 1,481 30 Foreign government bonds 3,882 133 2,866 221 6,748 354 U.S. corporate public securities 28,236 822 5,983 543 34,219 1,365 U.S. corporate private securities 10,588 230 2,123 176 12,711 406 Foreign corporate public securities 5,635 126 1,478 107 7,113 233 Foreign corporate private securities 4,804 86 3,588 279 8,392 365 Asset-backed securities 2,511 13 297 10 2,808 23 Commercial mortgage-backed securities 5,843 116 2,138 129 7,981 245 Residential mortgage-backed securities 1,161 24 276 13 1,437 37 Total $ 68,201 $ 1,693 $ 23,997 $ 1,977 $ 92,198 $ 3,670 __________ (1) Includes $13 million of fair value and less than $1 million of gross unrealized losses, which are not reflected in AOCI, on securities classified as held-to-maturity, as of March 31, 2018 . December 31, 2017 Less Than Twelve Months Total Fair Gross Fair Gross Fair Gross (in millions) Fixed maturities(1): U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies $ 3,450 $ 28 $ 6,391 $ 318 $ 9,841 $ 346 Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions 44 0 287 6 331 6 Foreign government bonds 4,417 55 2,937 238 7,354 293 U.S. corporate public securities 7,914 110 6,831 304 14,745 414 U.S. corporate private securities 4,596 76 2,009 93 6,605 169 Foreign corporate public securities 2,260 21 1,678 78 3,938 99 Foreign corporate private securities 1,213 20 5,339 317 6,552 337 Asset-backed securities 564 2 366 8 930 10 Commercial mortgage-backed securities 2,593 17 2,212 74 4,805 91 Residential mortgage-backed securities 584 4 286 7 870 11 Total $ 27,635 $ 333 $ 28,336 $ 1,443 $ 55,971 $ 1,776 __________ (1) Includes $12 million of fair value and less than $1 million of gross unrealized losses, which are not reflected in AOCI, on securities classified as held-to-maturity, as of December 31, 2017 . As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , the gross unrealized losses on fixed maturity securities were composed of $3,182 million and $1,470 million , respectively, related to “1” highest quality or “2” high quality securities based on the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (“NAIC”) or equivalent rating and $488 million and $306 million , respectively, related to other than high or highest quality securities based on NAIC or equivalent rating. As of March 31, 2018 , the $1,977 million of gross unrealized losses on fixed maturity securities of twelve months or more were concentrated in U.S. government bonds, foreign government bonds and in the Company’s corporate securities within the consumer non-cyclical, energy and utility sectors. As of December 31, 2017 , the $1,433 million of gross unrealized losses on fixed maturity securities of twelve months or more were concentrated in U.S. government bonds, foreign government bonds and in the Company’s corporate securities within the energy, utility and consumer non-cyclical sectors. In accordance with its policy described in Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 , the Company concluded that an adjustment to earnings for OTTI for these fixed maturity securities was not warranted at either March 31, 2018 or December 31, 2017 . These conclusions were based on a detailed analysis of the underlying credit and cash flows on each security. Gross unrealized losses are primarily attributable to general credit spread widening, increases in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rate movements. As of March 31, 2018 , the Company did not intend to sell these securities, and it was not more likely than not that the Company would be required to sell these securities before the anticipated recovery of the remaining amortized cost basis. The following table sets forth the amortized cost and fair value of fixed maturities by contractual maturities, as of the date indicated: March 31, 2018 Available-for-Sale Held-to-Maturity Amortized Cost Fair Value Amortized Cost Fair Value (in millions) Fixed maturities: Due in one year or less $ 13,067 $ 13,597 $ 0 $ 0 Due after one year through five years 50,349 53,811 185 191 Due after five years through ten years 66,026 70,770 592 663 Due after ten years(1) 160,776 180,353 911 1,194 Asset-backed securities 12,614 12,817 0 0 Commercial mortgage-backed securities 13,021 12,863 0 0 Residential mortgage-backed securities 3,327 3,419 432 463 Total $ 319,180 $ 347,630 $ 2,120 $ 2,511 __________ (1) Excludes available-for-sale notes with amortized cost of $2,846 million (fair value, $2,846 million ) and held-to-maturity notes with amortized cost of $4,753 million (fair value, $4,812 million ), which have been offset with the associated payables under a netting agreement. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations. Asset-backed, commercial mortgage-backed and residential mortgage-backed securities are shown separately in the table above, as they do not have a single maturity date. The following table sets forth the sources of fixed maturity proceeds and related investment gains (losses), as well as losses on impairments of fixed maturities, for the periods indicated: Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 2017 (in millions) Fixed maturities, available-for-sale: Proceeds from sales(1) $ 9,585 $ 7,730 Proceeds from maturities/prepayments 5,226 5,874 Gross investment gains from sales and maturities 374 391 Gross investment losses from sales and maturities (257 ) (163 ) OTTI recognized in earnings(2) (39 ) (54 ) Fixed maturities, held-to-maturity: Proceeds from maturities/prepayments(3) $ 36 $ 50 __________ (1) Includes $146 million and $215 million of non-cash related proceeds due to the timing of trade settlements for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 , respectively. (2) Excludes the portion of OTTI amounts remaining in “Other comprehensive income (loss)” (“OCI”), representing any difference between the fair value of the impaired debt security and the net present value of its projected future cash flows at the time of impairment. (3) Includes $0 million and $1 million of non-cash related proceeds due to the timing of trade settlements for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 , respectively. The following table sets forth a rollforward of pre-tax amounts remaining in OCI related to fixed maturity securities with credit loss impairments recognized in earnings, for the periods indicated: Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 2017 (in millions) Credit loss impairments: Balance, beginning of period $ 319 $ 359 New credit loss impairments 0 0 Additional credit loss impairments on securities previously impaired 0 1 Increases due to the passage of time on previously recorded credit losses 2 3 Reductions for securities which matured, paid down, prepaid or were sold during the period (113 ) (9 ) Reductions for securities impaired to fair value during the period(1) (4 ) (3 ) Accretion of credit loss impairments previously recognized due to an increase in cash flows expected to be collected (1 ) (1 ) Balance, end of period $ 203 $ 350 __________ (1) Represents circumstances where the Company determined in the current period that it intends to sell the security or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of the security’s amortized cost. Assets Supporting Experience-Rated Contractholder Liabilities The following table sets forth the composition of “Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities,” as of the dates indicated: March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Amortized Fair Value Amortized Fair Value (in millions) Short-term investments and cash equivalents $ 151 $ 151 $ 245 $ 245 Fixed maturities: Corporate securities 13,573 13,627 13,816 14,073 Commercial mortgage-backed securities 2,394 2,369 2,294 2,311 Residential mortgage-backed securities(1) 923 908 961 966 Asset-backed securities(2) 1,398 1,426 1,363 1,392 Foreign government bonds 1,101 1,104 1,050 1,057 U.S. government authorities and agencies and obligations of U.S. states 367 400 357 410 Total fixed maturities 19,756 19,834 19,841 20,209 Equity securities 1,395 1,652 1,278 1,643 Total assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities $ 21,302 $ 21,637 $ 21,364 $ 22,097 __________ (1) Includes publicly-traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations. (2) Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages, auto loans, credit cards, education loans and other asset types. The net change in unrealized gains (losses) from assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities still held at period end, recorded within “Other income,” was $(398) million and $46 million during the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 , respectively. Equity Securities The net change in unrealized gains (losses) from equity securities still held at period end, recorded within “Other income,” was $(188) million and $43 million during the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Concentrations of Financial Instruments The Company monitors its concentrations of financial instruments and mitigates credit risk by maintaining a diversified investment portfolio which limits exposure to any one issuer. As of the dates indicated, the Company’s exposure to concentrations of credit risk of single issuers greater than 10% of the Company’s stockholders’ equity included securities of the U.S. government and certain U.S. government agencies and securities guaranteed by the U.S. government, as well as the securities disclosed below: March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Amortized Fair Value Amortized Fair Value (in millions) Investments in Japanese government and government agency securities: Fixed maturities, available-for-sale $ 69,800 $ 82,712 $ 64,628 $ 76,311 Fixed maturities, held-to-maturity 893 1,170 844 1,103 Fixed maturities, trading 24 24 23 23 Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities 705 717 657 667 Total $ 71,422 $ 84,623 $ 66,152 $ 78,104 March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Amortized Fair Value Amortized Fair Value (in millions) Investments in South Korean government and government agency securities: Fixed maturities, available-for-sale $ 9,824 $ 11,124 $ 9,425 $ 10,989 Fixed maturities, held-to-maturity 0 0 0 0 Fixed maturities, trading 0 0 0 0 Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities 15 15 15 15 Total $ 9,839 $ 11,139 $ 9,440 $ 11,004 Commercial Mortgage and Other Loans The following table sets forth the composition of “Commercial mortgage and other loans,” as of the dates indicated: March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Amount (in millions) % of Total Amount (in millions) % of Total Commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans by property type: Office $ 13,257 23.1 % $ 12,670 22.9 % Retail 8,751 15.3 8,543 15.5 Apartments/Multi-Family 15,670 27.4 15,465 28.0 Industrial 10,656 18.6 9,451 17.1 Hospitality 1,953 3.4 2,067 3.7 Other 3,806 6.6 3,888 7.0 Total commercial mortgage loans 54,093 94.4 52,084 94.2 Agricultural property loans 3,223 5.6 3,203 5.8 Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans by property type 57,316 100.0 % 55,287 100.0 % Valuation allowance (102 ) (100 ) Total net commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans by property type 57,214 55,187 Other loans: Uncollateralized loans 690 663 Residential property loans 196 196 Other collateralized loans 4 5 Total other loans 890 864 Valuation allowance (6 ) (6 ) Total net other loans 884 858 Total commercial mortgage and other loans(1) $ 58,098 $ 56,045 __________ (1) Includes loans held for sale which are carried at fair value and are collateralized primarily by apartment complexes. As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , the net carrying value of these loans was $298 million and $593 million , respectively. As of March 31, 2018 , the commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans were geographically dispersed throughout the United States (with the largest concentrations in California (27%) , Texas (9%) and New York (8%) ) and included loans secured by properties in Europe (6%) , Australia ( 1% ) and Asia (1%) . The following tables set forth the activity in the allowance for credit losses for commercial mortgage and other loans, as of the dates indicated: March 31, 2018 Commercial Mortgage Loans Agricultural Property Loans Residential Property Loans Other Collateralized Loans Uncollateralized Loans Total (in millions) Allowance for credit losses: Balance, beginning of year $ 97 $ 3 $ 1 $ 0 $ 5 $ 106 Addition to (release of) allowance for losses 2 0 0 0 0 2 Charge-offs, net of recoveries 0 0 0 0 0 0 Change in foreign exchange 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total ending balance $ 99 $ 3 $ 1 $ 0 $ 5 $ 108 December 31, 2017 Commercial Mortgage Loans Agricultural Property Loans Residential Property Loans Other Collateralized Loans Uncollateralized Loans Total (in millions) Allowance for credit losses: Balance, beginning of year $ 96 $ 2 $ 2 $ 0 $ 6 $ 106 Addition to (release of) allowance for losses 2 1 (1 ) 0 (1 ) 1 Charge-offs, net of recoveries (1 ) 0 0 0 0 (1 ) Change in foreign exchange 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total ending balance $ 97 $ 3 $ 1 $ 0 $ 5 $ 106 The following tables set forth the allowance for credit losses and the recorded investment in commercial mortgage and other loans, as of the dates indicated: March 31, 2018 Commercial Mortgage Loans Agricultural Property Loans Residential Property Loans Other Collateralized Loans Uncollateralized Loans Total (in millions) Allowance for credit losses: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 7 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 7 Collectively evaluated for impairment 92 3 1 0 5 101 Total ending balance(1) $ 99 $ 3 $ 1 $ 0 $ 5 $ 108 Recorded investment(2): Individually evaluated for impairment $ 71 $ 35 $ 0 $ 0 $ 2 $ 108 Collectively evaluated for impairment 54,022 3,188 196 4 688 58,098 Total ending balance(1) $ 54,093 $ 3,223 $ 196 $ 4 $ 690 $ 58,206 __________ (1) As of March 31, 2018 , there were no loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality. (2) Recorded investment reflects the carrying value gross of related allowance. December 31, 2017 Commercial Mortgage Loans Agricultural Property Loans Residential Property Loans Other Collateralized Loans Uncollateralized Loans Total (in millions) Allowance for credit losses: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 7 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 7 Collectively evaluated for impairment 90 3 1 0 5 99 Total ending balance(1) $ 97 $ 3 $ 1 $ 0 $ 5 $ 106 Recorded investment(2): Individually evaluated for impairment $ 75 $ 39 $ 0 $ 0 $ 2 $ 116 Collectively evaluated for impairment 52,009 3,164 196 5 661 56,035 Total ending balance(1) $ 52,084 $ 3,203 $ 196 $ 5 $ 663 $ 56,151 __________ (1) As of December 31, 2017 , there were no loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality. (2) Recorded investment reflects the carrying value gross of related allowance. The following tables set forth certain key credit quality indicators based upon the recorded investment gross of allowance for credit losses, as of the date indicated: Commercial mortgage loans March 31, 2018 Debt Service Coverage Ratio > 1.2X 1.0X to <1.2X < 1.0X Total (in millions) Loan-to-Value Ratio: 0%-59.99% $ 30,215 $ 682 $ 265 $ 31,162 60%-69.99% 14,694 621 156 15,471 70%-79.99% 6,524 702 10 7,236 80% or greater 84 116 24 224 Total commercial mortgage loans $ 51,517 $ 2,121 $ 455 $ 54,093 Agricultural property loans March 31, 2018 Debt Service Coverage Ratio > 1.2X 1.0X to <1.2X < 1.0X Total (in millions) Loan-to-Value Ratio: 0%-59.99% $ 2,974 $ 175 $ 2 $ 3,151 60%-69.99% 72 0 0 72 70%-79.99% 0 0 0 0 80% or greater 0 0 0 0 Total agricultural property loans $ 3,046 $ 175 $ 2 $ 3,223 Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans March 31, 2018 Debt Service Coverage Ratio > 1.2X 1.0X to <1.2X < 1.0X Total (in millions) Loan-to-Value Ratio: 0%-59.99% $ 33,189 $ 857 $ 267 $ 34,313 60%-69.99% 14,766 621 156 15,543 70%-79.99% 6,524 702 10 7,236 80% or greater 84 116 24 224 Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans $ 54,563 $ 2,296 $ 457 $ 57,316 The following tables set forth certain key credit quality indicators based upon the recorded investment gross of allowance for credit losses, as of the date indicated: Commercial mortgage loans December 31, 2017 Debt Service Coverage Ratio > 1.2X 1.0X to <1.2X < 1.0X Total (in millions) Loan-to-Value Ratio: 0%-59.99% $ 30,082 $ 639 $ 251 $ 30,972 60%-69.99% 13,658 530 121 14,309 70%-79.99% 5,994 514 29 6,537 80% or greater 93 54 119 266 Total commercial mortgage loans $ 49,827 $ 1,737 $ 520 $ 52,084 Agricultural property loans December 31, 2017 Debt Service Coverage Ratio > 1.2X 1.0X to <1.2X < 1.0X Total (in millions) Loan-to-Value Ratio: 0%-59.99% $ 2,988 $ 170 $ 5 $ 3,163 60%-69.99% 40 0 0 40 70%-79.99% 0 0 0 0 80% or greater 0 0 0 0 Total agricultural property loans $ 3,028 $ 170 $ 5 $ 3,203 Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans December 31, 2017 Debt Service Coverage Ratio > 1.2X 1.0X to <1.2X < 1.0X Total (in millions) Loan-to-Value Ratio: 0%-59.99% $ 33,070 $ 809 $ 256 $ 34,135 60%-69.99% 13,698 530 121 14,349 70%-79.99% 5,994 514 29 6,537 80% or greater 93 54 119 266 Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans $ 52,855 $ 1,907 $ 525 $ 55,287 The following tables set forth an aging of past due commercial mortgage and other loans based upon the recorded investment gross of allowance for credit losses, as well as the amount of commercial mortgage and other loans on non-accrual status, as of the dates indicated: March 31, 2018 Current 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or More Past Due(1) Total Past Due Total Non-Accrual (in millions) Commercial mortgage loans $ 54,093 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 54,093 $ 70 Agricultural property loans 3,222 0 0 1 1 3,223 23 Residential property loans 191 2 1 2 5 196 2 Other collateralized loans 4 0 0 0 0 4 0 Uncollateralized loans 690 0 0 0 0 690 0 Total $ 58,200 $ 2 $ 1 $ 3 $ 6 $ 58,206 $ 95 __________ (1) As of March 31, 2018 , there were no loans in this category accruing interest. (2) For additional information regarding the Company’s policies for accruing interest on loans, see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 . December 31, 2017 Current 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or More Past Due(1) Total Past Due Total Non-Accrual (in millions) Commercial mortgage loans $ 52,084 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 52,084 $ 71 Agricultural property loans 3,201 0 0 2 2 3,203 23 Residential property loans 191 3 0 2 5 196 2 Other collateralized loans 5 0 0 0 0 5 0 Uncollateralized loans 663 0 0 0 0 663 0 Total $ 56,144 $ 3 $ 0 $ 4 $ 7 $ 56,151 $ 96 __________ (1) As of December 31, 2017 , there were no loans in this category accruing interest. (2) For additional information regarding the Company’s policies for accruing interest on loans, see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 . For the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 , there were no commercial mortgage and other loans acquired, other than those through direct origination. For the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 , there were no commercial mortgage and other loans sold, other than those classified as held-for-sale. The Company’s commercial mortgage and other loans may occasionally be involved in a troubled debt restructuring. During the three months ended March 31, 2018 , there were $24 million of new troubled debt restructurings related to commercial mortgage and other loans with payment defaults on loans that were modified as a troubled debt restructuring within the twelve months preceding. During the three months ended March 31, 2017 , there were no new troubled debt restructurings related to commercial mortgage and other loans with payment defaults on loans that were modified as a troubled debt restructuring within the twelve months preceding. As of both March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , the Company had no significant commitments to provide additional funds to borrowers that had been involved in a troubled debt restructuring. For additional information relating to the accounting for troubled debt restructurings, see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 . As of March 31, 2018 , there were $4 million of private debt commitments to provide additional funds to borrowers that had been involved in a troubled debt restructuring. Other Invested Assets The following table sets forth the composition of “Other invested assets,” as of the dates indicated: March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 (in millions) LPs/LLCs: Equity method: Private equity $ 2,929 $ 2,954 Hedge funds 907 803 Real estate-related 1,153 972 Subtotal equity method 4,989 4,729 Fair value: Private equity 1,622 1,325 Hedge funds 2,387 2,419 Real estate-related 288 247 Subtotal fair value(1) 4,297 3,991 Total LPs/LLCs 9,286 8,720 Real estate held through direct ownership(2) 2,421 2,409 Derivative instruments 1,226 1,214 Other(3) 1,111 1,030 Total other invested assets(4) $ 14,044 $ 13,373 __________ (1) As of December 31, 2017 , $ 1,572 million was accounted for using the cost method. (2) As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , real estate held through direct ownership had mortgage debt of $802 million and $799 million , respectively. (3) Primarily includes strategic investments made by investment management operations, leveraged leases and member and activity stock held in the Federal Home Loan Banks of New York and Boston. For additional information regarding the Company’s holdings in the Federal Home Loan Banks of New York and Boston, see Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 . (4) Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation. For additional information, see Note 2. Net Investment Income The following table sets forth “Net investment income” by investment type, for the periods indicated: Three Months Ended 2018 2017 (in millions) Fixed maturities, available-for-sale(1) $ 2,954 $ 2,795 Fixed maturities, held-to-maturity(1) 55 54 Fixed maturities, trading 31 42 Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities, at fair value 191 195 Equity securities, at fair value 35 90 Commercial mortgage and other loans 569 537 Policy loans 152 152 Other invested assets 141 332 Short-term investments and cash equivalents 72 44 Gross investment income 4,200 4,241 Less: investment expenses (202 ) (180 ) Net investment income(2) $ 3,998 $ 4,061 __________ (1) Includes income on credit-linked notes which are reported on the same financial statement line item as related surplus notes, as conditions are met for right to offset. (2) Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation. Realized Investment Gains (Losses), Net The following table sets forth “Realized investment gains (losses), net,” by investment type, for the periods indicated: Three Months Ended 2018 2017 (in millions) Fixed maturities(1) $ 78 $ 174 Equity securities(2) 0 256 Commercial mortgage and other loans 12 14 Investment real estate 2 6 LPs/LLCs 6 (11 ) Derivatives(3) 328 (11 ) Other (1 ) (1 ) Realized investment gains (losses), net $ 425 $ 427 __________ (1) Includes fixed maturity securities classified as available-for-sale and held-to-maturity and excludes fixed maturity securities classified as trading. (2) Effective January 1, 2018, realized gains (losses) on equity securities are recorded within “Other income.” (3) Includes the hedged items offset in qualifying fair value hedge accounting relationships. Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments within AOCI The following table sets forth net unrealized gains (losses) on investments, as of the dates indicated: March 31, December 31, (in millions) Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale—with OTTI $ 234 $ 286 Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale—all other 28,216 34,109 Equity securities, available-for-sale(1) 0 2,027 Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges(2) (622 ) (39 ) Other investments(3) 26 15 Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments $ 27,854 $ 36,398 __________ (1) Effective January 1, 2018, unrealized gains (losses) on equity securities are recorded within “Other income.” (2) For more information on cash flow hedges, see Note 5. (3) As of March 31, 2018 , there were no net unrealized losses on held-to-maturity securities that were previously transferred from available-for-sale. Includes net unrealized gains on certain joint ventures that are strategic in nature and are included in “Other assets.” Repurchase Agreements and Securities Lending In the normal course of business, the Company sells securities under agreements to repurchase and enters into securities lending transactions. The following table sets forth the composition of “Securities sold under agreements to repurchase,” as of the dates indicated: March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Remaining Contractual Maturities of the Agreements Remaining Contractual Maturities of the Agreements Overnight & Continuous Up to 30 Days Total Overnight & Continuous Up to 30 Days Total (in millions) U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies $ 8,150 $ 342 $ 8,492 $ 911 $ 7,349 $ 8,260 U.S. corporate public securities 1 0 1 1 0 1 Foreign corporate public securities 0 0 0 0 0 0 Residential mortgage-backed securities 117 23 140 0 139 139 Equity securities 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total securities sold under agreements to repurchase(1) $ 8,268 $ 365 $ 8,633 $ 912 $ 7,488 $ 8,400 __________ (1) The Company did not have any agreements with remaining contractual maturities of thirty days or greater, as of the dates indicated. The following table sets forth the composition of “Cash collateral for loaned securities” which represents the liability to return cash collateral received for the following types of securities loaned, as of the dates indicated: March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Remaining Contractual Maturities of the Agreements Remaining Contractual Maturities of the Agreements Overnight & Continuous Up to 30 Days Total Overnight & Continuous Up to 30 Days Total (in millions) U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies $ 94 $ 321 $ 415 $ 87 $ 35 $ 122 Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions 129 0 129 103 0 103 Foreign government bonds 287 0 287 335 0 335 U.S. corporate public securities 2,758 0 2,758 2,961 0 2,961 Foreign corporate public securities 630 0 630 655 0 655 Residential mortgage-backed securities 0 24 24 0 0 0 Equity securities 69 0 69 178 0 178 Total cash collateral for loaned securities(1) $ 3,967 $ 345 $ 4,312 $ 4,319 $ 35 $ 4,354 __________ (1) The Company did not have any agreements with remaining contractual maturities of thirty days or greater, as of the dates indicated. |