UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
(Mark One)
x | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008
OR
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission File No. 000-49747
FIRST SECURITY GROUP, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
| | |
Tennessee | | 58-2461486 |
(State of Incorporation) | | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
| |
531 Broad Street, Chattanooga, TN | | 37402 |
(Address of principal executive offices) | | (Zip Code) |
(423) 266-2000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| | |
Title of Each Class | | Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered |
Common Stock, $.01 par value | | The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC |
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ¨ No x
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes ¨ No x
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer ¨ Accelerated filer x Non-accelerated filer ¨ Smaller reporting company ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x
The aggregate market value of the registrant’s outstanding common stock held by nonaffiliates of the registrant as of June 30, 2008, was approximately $84.2 million, based on the registrant’s closing sales price as reported on the NASDAQ Global Select Market. There were 16,419,883 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding as of March 9, 2009.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
| | |
Document | | Parts Into Which Incorporated |
Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held June 3, 2009 | | Part III |
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Some of our statements contained in this prospectus, including, without limitation, matters discussed under the caption “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation,” are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements relate to future events or our future financial performance and include statements about the competitiveness of the banking industry, potential regulatory obligations, our entrance and expansion into other markets, our other business strategies and other statements that are not historical facts. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of performance or results. When we use words like “may,” “plan,” “contemplate,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “intend,” “continue,” “expect,” “project,” “predict,” “estimate,” “could,” “should,” “would,” “will,” and similar expressions, you should consider them as identifying forward-looking statements, although we may use other phrasing. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties and are based on our beliefs and assumptions, and on the information available to us at the time that these disclosures were prepared.
These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties and may not be realized due to a variety of factors, including, but not limited to the following:
| • | changes in political and economic conditions, including the political and economic effects of the current economic downturn and other major developments, including the ongoing war on terrorism; |
| • | changes in financial market conditions, either internationally, nationally or locally in areas in which we conduct operations, including, without limitation, reduced rates of business formation and growth, commercial and residential real estate development, and real estate prices; |
| • | fluctuations in markets for equity, fixed-income, commercial paper and other securities, which could affect availability, market liquidity levels, and pricing; |
| • | the monetary and fiscal policies of the U.S. government, as well as legislative and regulatory changes; |
| • | our participation or lack of participation in governmental programs implemented under the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act (EESA) and the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA), including, without limitation, the Troubled Asset Relief Program, the Capital Purchase Program, the Capital Assistance Program and the Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program and the impact of such programs and related regulations on us and on international, national, and local economic and financial markets and conditions; |
| • | the impact of the EESA and the ARRA and related rules and regulations on the business operations and competitiveness of us and other participating financial institutions, including the impact of the executive compensation limits of these acts, which may impact our ability to retain and recruit executives and other personnel necessary for their businesses and competitiveness; |
| • | the impact of certain provisions of the EESA and ARRA and related rules and regulations on the attractiveness of governmental programs to mitigate the effects of the current economic downturn, including the risks that certain financial institutions may elect not to participate in such programs, thereby decreasing the effectiveness of such programs; |
| • | the risks of changes in interest rates on the level and composition of deposits, loan demand and the values of loan collateral, securities and interest sensitive assets and liabilities; |
| • | interest rate and credit risks; |
| • | the effects of competition from other commercial banks, thrifts, mortgage banking firms, consumer finance companies, credit unions, securities brokerage firms, insurance companies, money market and other mutual funds and other financial institutions operating in our market area and elsewhere, including institutions operating regionally, nationally and internationally, together with such competitors offering banking products and services by mail, telephone and the internet; |
| • | the effect of any mergers, acquisitions or other transactions, to which we or our subsidiary may from time to time be a party, including, without limitation, our ability to successfully integrate any businesses that we acquire; and |
| • | the failure of assumptions underlying the establishment of reserves for possible loan losses. |
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All written or oral forward-looking statements attributable to us are expressly qualified in their entirety by this Cautionary Note. Our actual results may differ significantly from those we discuss in these forward-looking statements.
For other factors, risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from estimates and projections contained in these forward-looking statements, please read the “Risk Factors” section of this Annual Report beginning on page 18.
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PART I
Unless otherwise indicated, all references to “First Security,” “we,” “us,” and “our” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K refer to First Security Group, Inc. and our wholly-owned subsidiary, FSGBank, National Association (FSGBank).
BUSINESS
First Security Group, Inc.
We are a bank holding company headquartered in Chattanooga, Tennessee. We currently (as of the Form 10-K filing date) operate 38 full service banking offices and two loan and lease production offices through our wholly-owned bank subsidiary, FSGBank. We serve the banking and financial needs of various communities in eastern and middle Tennessee and northern Georgia.
Through FSGBank, we offer a range of lending services that are primarily secured by single and multi-family real estate, residential construction and owner-occupied commercial buildings. In addition, we make loans to small and medium-sized businesses, as well as to consumers for a variety of purposes. Our principal source of funds for loans and investing in securities is core deposits. We offer a wide range of deposit services, including checking, savings, money market accounts and certificates of deposit. We obtain most of our deposits from individuals and businesses in our market areas. We actively pursue business relationships by utilizing the business contacts of our Board of Directors, senior management and local bankers, thereby capitalizing on our knowledge of the local marketplace.
First Security Group, Inc. was incorporated in 1999 as a Tennessee corporation to serve as a bank holding company, and is regulated and supervised by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (Federal Reserve Board). As of December 31, 2008, we had total assets of approximately $1.3 billion, total deposits of approximately $1.1 million and shareholders’ equity of approximately $144.2 million.
FSGBank, National Association
FSGBank currently operates 38 full-service banking-offices and two loan and lease production offices along the Interstate corridors of eastern and middle Tennessee and northern Georgia, and is primarily regulated by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC). In Dalton, Georgia, FSGBank operates under the name of Dalton Whitfield Bank, while FSGBank operates under the name of Jackson Bank & Trust along the Interstate 40 corridor. FSGBank also provides trust and investment management, mortgage banking, financial planning and electronic banking services, such as Internet banking (www.FSGBank.com), online bill payment, cash management, ACH originations, and remote deposit capture, as well as equipment leasing through its wholly owned subsidiaries, Kenesaw Leasing and J&S Leasing.
FSGBank is the successor to our three previous banks: Dalton Whitfield Bank (organized in 1999), Frontier Bank (acquired in 2000) and First State Bank (acquired in 2002). From December 31, 2003 to December 31, 2008, our business model has produced strong results through a combination of internal growth and acquisitions. Specifically, we have:
| • | increased our total consolidated assets from $644.8 million to $1.3 billion; |
| • | increased our total consolidated deposits from $540.3 million to $1.1 billion; |
| • | increased our total consolidated loans from $478.0 million to $1.0 billion; and |
| • | expanded our branch network from 24 branches to 39 branches. |
Dalton Whitfield Bank was a state bank organized under the laws of Georgia engaged in a general commercial banking business. Dalton Whitfield Bank opened for business in September 1999, and
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simultaneously acquired selected assets and substantially all of the deposits of Colonial Bank’s three branches located in Dalton, Georgia. In 2003, Premier National Bank of Dalton merged with and into Dalton Whitfield Bank for an aggregate purchase price of $11.7 million in cash and stock.
Frontier Bank was a state savings bank organized under the laws of Tennessee in 2000 as First Central Bank of Monroe County. We acquired First Central Bank of Monroe County in 2000 for an aggregate purchase price of $2.3 million in cash. After the acquisition, First Central Bank of Monroe County was renamed Frontier Bank and re-chartered as a state bank under the laws of Tennessee to engage in a general commercial banking business. Outside of the Chattanooga market, Frontier Bank operated under the name of “First Security Bank.”
First State Bank was a state bank organized under the laws of Tennessee engaged in a general commercial banking business since its organization in 1974. We acquired First State Bank in 2002 for an aggregate purchase price of $8.6 million in cash.
During 2003, we converted each of our three subsidiary banks into national banks, renamed each bank “FSGBank, National Association” and merged the banks under the charter previously held by Frontier Bank. As a result, we consolidated our banking operations into one subsidiary, FSGBank. FSGBank currently conducts its banking operations in Dalton, Georgia under the names “Dalton Whitfield Bank” and “Primer Banco Seguro.” Primer Banco Seguro is our Latino-focused banking initiative.
Since the mergers in 2003, FSGBank has continued the commercial banking business of its predecessors. In addition, in December of 2003, FSGBank acquired certain assets and assumed substantially all of the deposits and other liabilities of National Bank of Commerce’s three branch offices located in Madisonville, Sweetwater and Tellico Plains, Tennessee.
In October 2004, FSGBank acquired 100% of the capital stock of Kenesaw Leasing and J&S Leasing, both Tennessee corporations, from National Bank of Commerce for $13.0 million in cash. Both companies continue to operate as wholly-owned subsidiaries of FSGBank. Kenesaw Leasing leases new and used equipment, fixtures and furnishings to owner-managed businesses, while J&S Leasing leases forklifts, heavy equipment and other machinery primarily to companies in the trucking and construction industries.
In August 2005, we acquired Jackson Bank & Trust (Jackson Bank) for an aggregate purchase price of $33.3 million in cash. Jackson Bank was a state commercial bank headquartered in Gainesboro, Tennessee. Jackson Bank was merged into FSGBank, but we continue to operate our banking operations in Jackson and Putnam Counties, Tennessee under the name of “Jackson Bank & Trust.”
FSGBank is a member of the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta and a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Cincinnati (FHLB). FSGBank’s deposits are insured by the FDIC. FSGBank operates 31 full-service banking offices in eastern and middle Tennessee and seven offices in northern Georgia. Additionally, FSGBank operates two loan and lease production offices in Tennessee.
Business Strategy
We target both consumers and small to medium-sized businesses in our markets and have developed a decentralized strategy that focuses on providing superior customer service through our employees who are relationship-oriented and committed to their respective communities. Through this strategy we intend to grow our business, expand our customer base and improve profitability. The key elements of our current strategy are:
Grow Along Interstate Corridors in Eastern and Middle Tennessee and Northern Georgia.We seek to increase our presence in our primary markets along the Interstate 75 and 40 corridors as well as to extend into other interstate corridors in eastern and middle Tennessee and northern Georgia through selective acquisitions and the opening of new branches in attractive locations. In 2009, we expect to continue to leverage our existing bank branches, open a de novo branch in Hixson (Chattanooga), Tennessee and, recognizing the limitations imposed by the current economic climate, pursue strategic acquisitions.
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These interstate communities are primarily served by branches of large regional and national financial institutions headquartered outside of the area. As a result, we believe these markets need, and are best served by, a locally owned and operated financial institution managed by people in and from the communities served. As we grow, we believe it is important to maintain the local flexibility created by local banks with smart bankers while benefiting from the economies of scale created by our size.
We intend to continue our growth strategy through organic growth and, recognizing the limitations imposed by the current economy, strategic acquisitions. We believe that many opportunities remain in our market area to expand, and we intend to be in a position to acquire additional market share, whether via acquisitions or de novo branches with the right local management. With thorough diligence and risk evaluation, we will work to identify targets that assist us in achieving strategic and/or financial targets. Although the interstate corridors are our primary focus, we may consider acquiring banking operations outside of the corridors if attractive opportunities arise as we continuously evaluate acquisition opportunities.
Maintain Local Decision Making and Accountability.We effectively compete with our super-regional competitors by providing superior customer service with localized decision-making capabilities. We designate regional bank presidents and separate advisory boards in each of our markets so that we are positioned to react quickly to changes in those communities while maintaining efficient and consistent centralized reporting and policies.
We offer personalized and flexible banking services to the communities in our market area and are able to react quickly to changes in those communities, in part by maintaining local advisory boards. We give our local markets control over their respective core deposit and commercial loan rates. While emphasizing standards to encourage efficiency, control is decentralized to permit rapid adjustments to community changes. We also offer products tailored to the specific needs of our communities.
Provide a Diversified Revenue Stream.We seek to provide an array of financial products and services to meet the needs of our customers and to increase our fee income. In order to diversify our loan portfolio and to help better serve the needs of our business customers, we offer leasing services through our two leasing companies, Kenesaw Leasing and J&S Leasing. Kenesaw Leasing leases new and used equipment, fixtures and furnishings to owner-managed businesses, while J&S Leasing leases forklifts, heavy equipment and other machinery primarily to companies in the trucking and construction industries. Our wealth management division offers private client services, financial planning, trust administration, investment management and estate planning services.
Our loan portfolio mix reflects our market opportunities, and presents a strong mix of loans. As of December 31, 2008, our largest category of loans, 1-4 family residential, represented only 29.3% of our loan portfolio. Commercial real estate represented 23.2%, of which 57.7% were owner-occupied, while construction and development loans represented 19.2% of the loan portfolio. The balance of the portfolio consists of commercial and industrial loans, consumer loans, commercial leases and multi-family loans. Our construction and development loan portfolio is similarly diverse, evenly divided between commercial construction, residential construction and residential acquisition and development, and with our top ten construction and development loan relationships only representing 22.4% of our construction and development loans outstanding at December 31, 2008.
Enhance Asset Quality Controls.We consider asset quality to be of primary importance and have taken measures to enhance our asset quality controls. Over the past several years, we have improved our commercial underwriting standards, developed a detailed loan policy, established better warning and early detection procedures, strengthened our commercial real estate management practices, improved consumer portfolio risk based pricing and standardized underwriting, and developed a more comprehensive analysis of our allowance for loan and lease losses. Our loan review process targets 60% to 70% of our portfolio for review over an eighteen month cycle. More frequent loan reviews may be completed as needed or as directed by the Audit/Corporate Governance Committee of the Board of Directors.
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We believe the effect of these activities is reflected in nearly all of our asset quality measures compared to our peer group, as defined by the Uniform Bank Performance Report as of December 31, 2008. At December 31, 2008, net charge-offs as a percentage of average loans was 0.93% and 0.74% for us and our peer group, respectively. The ratio of nonaccrual loans plus loans 90 days past due to gross loans was 2.09% and 2.50% for us and our peer group, respectively. The ratio of nonaccrual loans and loans 90 days past due to the allowance for loan losses was 121.71% and 149.95% for us and our peer group, respectively. At December 31, 2008, the reserves as a percentage of total loans was 1.72% and 1.56% for us and our peer group, respectively. We believe we have been more aggressive in recognizing our charge-offs, leaving a stronger portfolio while maintaining a higher reserve ratio than our peer group.
Strengthen Capital and Liquidity.In light of the economic recession, we have focused our efforts on strengthening our capital ratios by participating in the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Troubled Asset Relief Program Capital Purchase Program (TARP CPP). In exchange for a $33 million investment on January 9, 2009, we agreed to issue and sell and the Treasury agreed to purchase (i) 33,000 shares of our Fixed Rate Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A, having a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share, and (ii) a ten-year warrant to purchase up to 823,627 shares of our common stock, $0.01 par value, at an exercise price of $6.01 per share. The investment was made as part of the TARP CPP pursuant to a standard-terms Letter Agreement and a Securities Purchase Agreement. The preferred stock annual yield is 5.0% to the Treasury during the initial five year term and 9% thereafter. We paid our first preferred stock dividend payment totaling $165 thousand to the Treasury on February 17, 2009.
Our Tier 1 capital to risk adjusted assets, total capital to risk adjusted assets and leverage ratio were 9.9%, 11.1% and 8.7%, respectively as of December 31, 2008 compared to 10.8%, 11.8% and 9.7%, respectively as of December 31, 2007. Our capital ratios exceed the minimum capital ratios for well capitalized institutions for each respective period. By participating in the TARP CPP, our capital ratios were improved by approximately 250 basis points from the year-end 2008 levels.
In addition to enhancing our stockholders’ equity, participating in the TARP CPP strengthens our liquidity and improves our ability to make and renew loans to qualified borrowers. Other means of improving our liquidity include a focus on organic core deposit growth and the continued development of existing and new alternative funding sources. We are reducing the level of pledged liquid assets as collateral on sources of funding, and refining our contingency funding plan. We use treasury management products and deposit promotions to support core deposit growth. The Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service (CDARS®), brokered money market account programs, new correspondent relationships, and the Federal Reserve Bank’s discount window will help to provide additional liquidity through alternative means. Our new cash management sweep product, as well as CDARS®, will reduce our need to pledge collateral over time by either (1) transitioning customers to a product that does not require collateral or (2) insuring customer balances by placing them with other institutions. We continue to study our contingency funding plans and update them as needed paying particular attention to the sensitivity of our liquidity and deposit base to positive and negative changes in our asset quality.
Market Area and Competition
We currently conduct business principally through 38 branches in our market areas of Bradley, Hamilton, Jackson, Jefferson, Knox, Loudon, McMinn, Monroe, Putnam and Union Counties, Tennessee and Catoosa and Whitfield Counties, Georgia. Our markets follow the Interstate 75 corridor between Dalton, Georgia (one hour north of Atlanta, Georgia) and Jefferson City, Tennessee (30 minutes north of Knoxville, Tennessee) and the Interstate 40 corridor between Nashville, Tennessee and Knoxville, Tennessee. Based upon data available on the FDIC website as of June 30, 2008, FSGBank’s total deposits ranked 6th among financial institutions in our market area, representing approximately 4.4% of the total deposits in our market area.
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The table below shows our deposit market share in the counties we serve according to data from the FDIC website as of June 30, 2008.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Market | | Number of Branches | | Our Market Deposits | | Total Market Deposits | | Ranking | | Market Share Percentage (%) | |
| | (dollar amounts in millions) | |
Tennessee | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Bradley County | | 2 | | $ | 13 | | $ | 1,476 | | 10 | | 0.9 | % |
Hamilton County | | 8 | | | 283 | | | 5,648 | | 5 | | 5.0 | % |
Jackson County | | 3 | | | 73 | | | 125 | | 1 | | 58.0 | % |
Jefferson County | | 2 | | | 97 | | | 540 | | 2 | | 18.0 | % |
Knox County | | 3 | | | 63 | | | 7,635 | | 11 | | 0.8 | % |
Loudon County | | 2 | | | 36 | | | 747 | | 6 | | 4.9 | % |
McMinn County | | 1 | | | 24 | | | 841 | | 9 | | 2.8 | % |
Monroe County | | 5 | | | 69 | | | 597 | | 5 | | 11.5 | % |
Putnam County | | 3 | | | 79 | | | 1,371 | | 6 | | 5.7 | % |
Union County | | 2 | | | 46 | | | 124 | | 2 | | 36.9 | % |
Georgia | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Catoosa County | | 1 | | | 4 | | | 915 | | 9 | | 0.4 | % |
Whitfield County | | 7 | | | 169 | | | 1,602 | | 3 | | 10.6 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
FSGBank | | 39 | | $ | 956 | | $ | 21,621 | | 6 | | 4.4 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
On February 28, 2009, we closed one branch in Whitfield County.
Our retail, commercial and mortgage divisions operate in highly competitive markets. We compete directly in retail and commercial banking markets with other commercial banks, savings and loan associations, credit unions, mortgage brokers and mortgage companies, mutual funds, securities brokers, consumer finance companies, other lenders and insurance companies, locally, regionally and nationally. Many of our competitors compete with offerings by mail, telephone, computer and/or the Internet. Interest rates, both on loans and deposits, and prices of services are significant competitive factors among financial institutions generally. Office locations, types and quality of services and products, office hours, customer service, a local presence, community reputation and continuity of personnel are also important competitive factors that we emphasize.
In addition, our leasing operations via Kenesaw Leasing and J&S Leasing primarily serve lease customers located within 150 miles of Knoxville, Memphis and Nashville, Tennessee.
Many other commercial or savings institutions currently have offices in our primary market areas. These institutions include many of the largest banks operating in Tennessee and Georgia, including some of the largest banks in the country. Many of our competitors serve the same counties we do. Within our market area, there are 69 different commercial or savings institutions.
Virtually every type of competitor for business of the type served by our bank has offices in Atlanta, Georgia, approximately 75 miles from Dalton and 100 miles from Chattanooga. In our market area, our largest competitors include First Tennessee, SunTrust, Regions, BB&T and Wells Fargo. These institutions, as well as other competitors of ours, have greater resources, have broader geographic markets, have higher lending limits, offer various services that we do not offer and can better afford and make broader use of media advertising, support services and electronic technology than we do. To offset these competitive disadvantages, we depend on our reputation as being an independent and locally-owned community bank and as having greater personal service, community involvement and ability to make credit and other business decisions quickly and locally.
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Lending Activities
We originate loans primarily secured by single and multi-family real estate, residential construction and owner-occupied commercial buildings. In addition, we make loans to small and medium-sized commercial businesses, as well as to consumers for a variety of purposes.
Our loan portfolio at December 31, 2008 was comprised as follows:
| | | | | | |
Type | | Dollar Amount | | Percentage of Portfolio | |
| | (dollar amounts in thousands) | |
Commercial—leases | | $ | 30,873 | | 3.1 | % |
Commercial—loans | | | 157,906 | | 15.6 | % |
Real estate—construction | | | 194,603 | | 19.2 | % |
Real estate—mortgage | | | 565,357 | | 55.9 | % |
Consumer | | | 58,296 | | 5.8 | % |
Other | | | 4,549 | | 0.4 | % |
| | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 1,011,584 | | 100.0 | % |
| | | | | | |
In addition, we have entered into contractual obligations, via lines of credit and standby letters of credit to extend approximately $278.0 million and $21.9 million, respectively, in credit as of December 31, 2008. We use the same credit policies in making these commitments as we do for our other loans. At December 31, 2008, our contractual obligations to extend credit were comprised as follow:
| | | | | | |
Type | | Dollar Amount | | Percentage of Contractual Obligations | |
| | (dollar amounts in thousands) | |
Commercial—leases | | $ | — | | — | |
Commercial—loans | | | 133,290 | | 48.0 | % |
Real estate—construction | | | 46,728 | | 16.8 | % |
Real estate—mortgage | | | 80,281 | | 28.9 | % |
Consumer | | | 17,060 | | 6.1 | % |
Other | | | 652 | | 0.2 | % |
| | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 278,011 | | 100.0 | % |
| | | | | | |
Commercial—Leases. Our commercial lease portfolio includes leases made by our leasing companies, Kenesaw Leasing and J&S Leasing. Kenesaw Leasing leases new and used equipment, fixtures and furnishings to owner-managed businesses, while J&S Leasing leases forklifts, heavy equipment and other machinery to owner-managed businesses primarily in the trucking and construction industries. The leased property usually serves as collateral for the lease. Our commercial leases are underwritten on the basis of the value of the underlying leased property as well as the basis of the commercial lessee’s ability to service the lease. Commercial leases generally entail greater risks than commercial loans or loans secured by real estate, but less risk than unsecured consumer loans. The increased risk in commercial leases is generally due to the rolling stock nature of the items leased, as well as the illiquid nature of the secondary market for used equipment. The increased risk also derives from the low barriers to entry in the trucking and construction industries.
Commercial—Loans.Our commercial loan portfolio includes loans to smaller business ventures, credit lines for working capital and short-term seasonal or inventory financing, as well as letters of credit that are generally secured by collateral other than real estate. Commercial borrowers typically secure their loans with assets of the business, personal guaranties of their principals and often mortgages on the principals’ personal residences. Our commercial loans are primarily made within our market areas and are underwritten on the basis of the commercial borrower’s ability to service the debt from income. In general, commercial loans involve more credit
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risk than residential and commercial mortgage loans, but less risk than consumer loans. The increased risk in commercial loans is generally due to the type of assets collateralizing these loans. The increased risk also derives from the expectation that commercial loans generally will be serviced from the operations of the business, and those operations may not be successful.
Consumer.We make a variety of loans to individuals for personal, family and household purposes, including secured and unsecured installment and term loans. Consumer loans entail greater risk than other loans, particularly in the case of consumer loans that are unsecured or secured by depreciating assets such as automobiles. In these cases, any repossessed collateral for a defaulted consumer loan may not provide an adequate source of repayment for the outstanding loan balance. In addition, consumer loan collections are dependent on the borrower’s continuing financial stability, and thus are more likely to be affected by job loss, divorce, illness or personal hardships.
Real Estate—Construction.We also make construction and development loans to residential and, to a lesser extent, commercial contractors and developers located within our market areas. Construction loans generally are secured by first liens on real estate and have floating interest rates. Construction loans involve additional risks attributable to the fact that loan funds are advanced upon the security of a project under construction, and the value of the project is dependent on its successful completion. As a result of these uncertainties, construction lending often involves the disbursement of substantial funds with repayment dependent, in part, upon the success of the ultimate project rather than the ability of a borrower or guarantor to repay the loan. If we are forced to foreclose on a project prior to completion, there is no assurance that we will be able to recover all of the unpaid portion of the loan. In addition, we may be required to fund additional amounts to complete a project and may have to hold the property for an indeterminate period of time. While we have underwriting procedures designed to identify what we believe to be acceptable levels of risks in construction lending, no assurance can be given that these procedures will prevent losses from the risks described above.
Real Estate—Mortgage.We make commercial mortgage loans to finance the purchase of real property as well as loans to smaller business ventures, credit lines for working capital and short-term seasonal or inventory financing, including letters of credit, that are also secured by real estate. Commercial mortgage lending typically involves higher loan principal amounts, and the repayment of loans is dependent, in large part, on sufficient income from the properties collateralizing the loans to cover operating expenses and debt service. As a general practice, we require our commercial mortgage loans to be collateralized by well-managed income producing property with adequate margins and to be guaranteed by responsible parties. In addition, a substantial percentage of our commercial mortgage loan portfolio is secured by owner-occupied commercial buildings. We look for opportunities where cash flow from the business located in the owner-occupied building provides adequate debt service coverage and the guarantor’s net worth is centered on assets other than the project we are financing. Our commercial mortgage loans are generally collateralized by first liens on real estate, have fixed or floating interest rates and amortize over a 10 to 20-year period with balloon payments due at the end of one to five years. Payments on loans collateralized by such properties are often dependent on the successful operation or management of the properties. Accordingly, repayment of these loans may be subject to adverse conditions in the real estate market.
In underwriting commercial mortgage loans, we seek to minimize our risks in a variety of ways, including giving careful consideration to the property’s operating history, future operating projections, current and projected occupancy, location and physical condition. Our underwriting analysis also includes credit checks, reviews of appraisals and environmental hazards or EPA reports and a review of the financial condition of the borrower. We attempt to limit our risk by analyzing our borrowers’ cash flow and collateral value on an ongoing basis.
Our residential mortgage loan program primarily originates loans for the purchase of residential property to individuals for other third-party lenders. Residential loans to individuals retained in our loan portfolio primarily consist of first liens on 1-4 family residential mortgages, home equity loans and lines of credit. These loans are
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generally made on the basis of the borrower’s ability to repay the loan from his or her employment and other income and are secured by residential real estate, the value of which is reasonably ascertainable. We expect that these loan-to-value ratios will be sufficient to compensate for fluctuations in real estate market value and to minimize losses that could result from a downturn in the residential real estate market. We generally do not retain long term, fixed rate residential real estate loans in our portfolio due to interest rate and collateral risks and low levels of profitability.
Credit Risks.The principal economic risk associated with each category of the loans that we make is the creditworthiness of the borrower and the ability of the borrower to repay the loan. General economic conditions and the strength of the services and retail market segments affect borrower creditworthiness. General factors affecting a commercial borrower’s ability to repay include interest rates, inflation and the demand for the commercial borrower’s products and services, as well as other factors affecting a borrower’s customers, suppliers and employees.
Risks associated with real estate loans also include fluctuations in the value of real estate, new job creation trends, tenant vacancy rates and, in the case of commercial borrowers, the quality of the borrower’s management. Consumer loan repayments depend upon the borrower’s financial stability and are more likely to be adversely affected by divorce, job loss, illness and personal hardships.
Lending Policies.Our Board of Directors has established and periodically reviews our bank’s lending policies and procedures. We have established common documentation and standards based on the type of loans among our regions. There are regulatory restrictions on the dollar amount of loans available for each lending relationship. National banking regulations provide that no loan relationship may exceed 15% of a bank’s Tier 1 capital. At December 31, 2008, our legal lending limit was approximately $15.6 million. In addition, we have established a “house” limit of $10 million for each lending relationship. Any loan request exceeding the house limit must be approved by a committee of our Board of Directors. We occasionally sell participation interests in loans to other lenders, primarily when a loan exceeds our house lending limits.
Concentrations.The retail nature of our commercial banking operations allows for diversification of depositors and borrowers, and we believe that our business does not depend upon a single or a few customers. We also do not believe that our credits are concentrated within a single industry or group of related industries.
We offer a variety of loan products with payment terms and rate structures that have been designed to meet the needs of our customers within an established framework of acceptable credit risk. Payment terms range from fully amortizing loans that require periodic principal and interest payments to terms that require periodic payments of interest-only with principal due at maturity. Interest-only loans are a typical characteristic in commercial and home equity lines-of-credit and construction loans (residential and commercial). As of December 31, 2008, we had approximately $460.1 million of interest-only loans, which primarily consist of construction and land development loans (34.2%), commercial and industrial loans (23.0%), home equity loans (18.7%) and commercial real estate loans (5.7%). The loans have an average maturity of approximately 18 months or less, with the exception of home equity lines-of-credit which have an average maturity of approximately seven years. The interest-only loans are fully underwritten and within our lending policies.
We do not offer, hold or service option adjustable rate mortgages that may expose the borrowers to future increases in repayments in excess of changes resulting solely from increases in the market rate of interest (loans subject to negative amortization).
Deposits
Our principal source of funds for loans and investing in securities is core deposits. We offer a wide range of deposit services, including checking, savings, money market accounts and certificates of deposit. We obtain most of our deposits from individuals and businesses in our market areas. We believe that the rates we offer for core
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deposits are competitive with those offered by other financial institutions in our market areas. We have also chosen to obtain a portion of our deposits from outside our market through brokered deposits. Our brokered deposits represented 23.9% of total deposits as of December 31, 2008. Other sources of funding include advances from the FHLB, subordinated debt and other borrowings. These other sources enable us to borrow funds at rates and terms, which at times, are more beneficial to us.
Other Banking Services
Given client demand for increased convenience and account access, we offer a range of products and services, including 24-hour internet banking, ACH transactions, remote deposit capture, wire transfers, direct deposit, traveler’s checks, safe deposit boxes, and United States savings bonds. We earn fees for most of these services. We also receive ATM transaction fees from transactions performed by our customers participating in a shared network of automated teller machines and a debit card system that our customers can use throughout Tennessee and Georgia, as well as in other states. Additionally, we offer wealth management services including private client services, financial planning, trust administration, investment management and estate planning services.
Securities
After establishing necessary cash reserves and funding loans, we invest our remaining liquid assets in securities allowed under banking laws and regulations. We invest primarily in obligations of the United States or obligations guaranteed as to principal and interest by the United States, other taxable securities and in certain obligations of states and municipalities. We also invest excess funds in federal funds with our correspondent banks. The sale of federal funds represents a short-term loan from us to another bank. Risks associated with securities include, but are not limited to, interest rate fluctuation, market illiquidity, maturity and concentration.
Seasonality and Cycles
Although we do not consider our commercial banking business to be seasonal, our mortgage banking business is somewhat seasonal, with the volume of home financings, in particular, being lower during the winter months. Additionally, the Dalton, Georgia economy is seasonal and cyclical as a result of its dependence upon the carpet industry and changes in construction of residential and commercial establishments. While the Dalton, Georgia economy is dominated by the carpet and carpet-related industries, we do not have any one customer from whom more than 10% of our revenues are derived. However, we have multiple customers, commercial and retail, that are directly or indirectly affected by, or are engaged in businesses related to the carpet industry that, in the aggregate, have historically provided greater than 10% of our revenues.
Employees
On December 31, 2008, we had 340 full-time employees and 32 part-time employees. We consider our employee relations to be good, and we have no collective bargaining agreements with any employees.
Website Address
Our corporate website address is www.FSGBank.com. From this website, select the “Corporate Info” tab followed by selecting “Investor Relations.” Our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), including but not limited to our Annual Report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and any amendments to these reports are available and accessible soon after we file them with the SEC.
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SUPERVISION AND REGULATION
Both First Security and FSGBank are subject to extensive state and federal banking regulations that impose restrictions on and provide for general regulatory oversight of their operations. These laws are generally intended to protect depositors, not shareholders. Legislation and regulations authorized by legislation influence, among other things:
| • | | how, when and where we may expand geographically; |
| • | | into what product or service market we may enter; |
| • | | how we must manage our assets; and |
| • | | under what circumstances money may or must flow between the parent bank holding company and the subsidiary bank. |
Set forth below is an explanation of the major pieces of legislation affecting our industry and how that legislation affects our actions. The following summary is qualified by reference to the statutory and regulatory provisions discussed. Changes in applicable laws or regulations may have a material effect on our business and prospects, and legislative changes and the policies of various regulatory authorities may significantly affect our operations. We cannot predict the effect that fiscal or monetary policies, or new federal or state legislation may have on our business and earnings in the future.
First Security
Because we own all of the capital stock of FSGBank, we are a bank holding company under the federal Bank Holding Company Act of 1956. As a result, we are primarily subject to the supervision, examination and reporting requirements of the Bank Holding Company Act and the regulations of the Federal Reserve Board.
Acquisitions of Banks.The Bank Holding Company Act requires every bank holding company to obtain the Federal Reserve Board’s prior approval before:
| • | | acquiring direct or indirect ownership or control of any voting shares of any bank if, after the acquisition, the bank holding company will directly or indirectly own or control more than 5% of the bank’s voting shares; |
| • | | acquiring all or substantially all of the assets of any bank; or |
| • | | merging or consolidating with any other bank holding company. |
Additionally, the Bank Holding Company Act provides that the Federal Reserve Board may not approve any of these transactions if it would result in or tend to create a monopoly, substantially lessen competition or otherwise function as a restraint of trade, unless the anticompetitive effects of the proposed transaction are clearly outweighed by the public interest in meeting the convenience and needs of the community to be served. The Federal Reserve Board is also required to consider the financial and managerial resources and future prospects of the bank holding companies and banks concerned. The Federal Reserve Board’s consideration of financial resources generally focuses on capital adequacy, which is discussed below.
Under the Bank Holding Company Act, if we are adequately capitalized and adequately managed, we or any other bank holding company located within Tennessee or Georgia, may purchase a bank located outside of Tennessee or Georgia. Conversely, an adequately capitalized and adequately managed bank holding company located outside of Tennessee or Georgia may purchase a bank located inside Tennessee or Georgia. In each case, however, restrictions may be placed on the acquisition of a bank that has only been in existence for a limited amount of time or will result in specified concentrations of deposits. Currently, Georgia law prohibits a bank holding company from acquiring control of a financial institution until the target financial institution has been incorporated for three years, and Tennessee law prohibits a bank holding company from acquiring control of a financial institution until the target financial institution has been incorporated for five years. Because FSGBank has been chartered for more than five years, this restriction would not limit our ability to sell.
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Change in Bank Control.Subject to various exceptions, the Bank Holding Company Act and the Change in Bank Control Act, together with related regulations, require Federal Reserve Board approval prior to any person or company acquiring “control” of a bank holding company. Control is conclusively presumed to exist if an individual or company acquires 25% or more of any class of voting securities of a bank holding company. Control is also presumed to exist, although rebuttable, if a person or company acquires 10% or more, but less than 25%, of any class of voting securities and either:
| • | | the bank holding company has registered securities under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; or |
| • | | no other person owns a greater percentage of that class of voting securities immediately after the transaction. |
Our common stock is registered under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The regulations provide a procedure for challenging rebuttable presumptions of control.
Permitted Activities.The Bank Holding Company Act has generally prohibited a bank holding company from engaging in activities other than banking or management or controlling banks or other permissible subsidiaries and from acquiring or retaining direct or indirect control of any company engaged in any activities other than those determined by the Federal Reserve Board to be closely related to banking or managing or controlling banks, as to be a proper incident thereto. Provisions of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act have expanded the permissible activities of a bank holding company that qualifies as a financial holding company. Under the regulations implementing the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, a financial holding company may engage in additional activities that are financial in nature or incidental or complementary to financial activity. Those activities include, among other activities, certain insurance and securities activities.
To qualify to become a financial holding company, FSGBank and any other depository institution subsidiary of First Security must be well capitalized and well managed and must have a Community Reinvestment Act rating of at least “satisfactory.” Additionally, we must file an election with the Federal Reserve Board to become a financial holding company and must provide the Federal Reserve Board with 30 days’ written notice prior to engaging in a permitted financial activity. While we meet the qualification standards applicable to financial holding companies, we have not elected to become a financial holding company at this time.
Support of Subsidiary Institution.Under Federal Reserve Board policy, we are expected to act as a source of financial strength for FSGBank and to commit resources to support FSGBank. This support may be required at times when, without this Federal Reserve Board policy, we might not be inclined to provide it. In addition, any capital loans made by us to FSGBank will be repaid only after its deposits and various other obligations are repaid in full. In the unlikely event of our bankruptcy, any commitment by us to a federal bank regulatory agency to maintain the capital of FSGBank will be assumed by the bankruptcy trustee and entitled to a priority of payment.
FSGBank
Since FSGBank is chartered as a national bank, it is primarily subject to the supervision, examination and reporting requirements of the National Bank Act and the regulations of the OCC. The OCC regularly examines FSGBank’s operations and has the authority to approve or disapprove mergers, the establishment of branches and similar corporate actions. The OCC also has the power to prevent the continuance or development of unsafe or unsound banking practices or other violations of law. Because FSGBank’s deposits are insured by the FDIC to the maximum extent provided by law, FSGBank is subject to certain FDIC regulations. FSGBank is also subject to numerous state and federal statutes and regulations that affect its business, activities and operations.
Branching.National banks are required by the National Bank Act to adhere to branching laws applicable to state banks in the states in which they are located. Under both Tennessee and Georgia law, FSGBank may open
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branch offices throughout Tennessee or Georgia with the prior approval of the OCC. In addition, with prior regulatory approval, FSGBank may acquire branches of existing banks located in Tennessee or Georgia. FSGBank and any other national or state-chartered bank generally may branch across state lines by merging with banks in other states if allowed by the applicable states’ laws. Tennessee and Georgia law, with limited exceptions, currently permit branching across state lines through interstate mergers.
Under the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, states may “opt-in” and allow out-of-state banks to branch into their state by establishing a new start-up branch in the state. Tennessee has opted in and therefore, any out-of-state bank can establish a start-up branch in Tennessee as long as that state’s banking law would also allow Tennessee banks to establish start-up branches in that state. Therefore, FSGBank may establish start-up branches in any state that would allow a Tennessee bank to do the same.
Prompt Corrective Action.The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 establishes a system of prompt corrective action to resolve the problems of undercapitalized financial institutions. Under this system, the federal banking regulators have established five capital categories (well capitalized, adequately capitalized, undercapitalized, significantly undercapitalized and critically undercapitalized) in which all institutions are placed. The federal banking agencies have specified by regulation the relevant capital level for each category. Federal banking regulators are required to take various mandatory supervisory actions and are authorized to take other discretionary actions with respect to institutions in the three undercapitalized categories. The severity of the action depends upon the capital category in which the institution is placed. Generally, subject to a narrow exception, the banking regulator must appoint a receiver or conservator for an institution that is critically undercapitalized.
A “well-capitalized” bank is one that significantly exceeds all of its capital requirements, which include maintaining a total risk-based capital ratio of at least 10%, a tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of at least 6%, and a tier 1 leverage ratio of at least 5%. Generally, a classification as well capitalized will place a bank outside of the regulatory zone for purposes of prompt corrective action. However, a well-capitalized bank may be reclassified as “adequately capitalized” based on criteria other than capital, if the federal regulator determines that a bank is in an unsafe or unsound condition, or is engaged in unsafe or unsound practices and has not corrected the deficiency.
An “adequately-capitalized” bank meets the minimum level for each relevant capital requirement, including a total risk-based capital ratio of at least 8%, a tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of at least 4%, and a tier 1 leverage ratio of at least 4%. A bank that is adequately capitalized is prohibited from directly or indirectly accepting, renewing, or rolling over any brokered deposits, absent applying for and receiving a waiver from the FDIC. In addition, an adequately capitalized bank may be forced to comply with operating restrictions similar to those placed on undercapitalized banks.
FDIC Insurance Assessments.The FDIC is an independent agency of the United States government that uses the Deposit Insurance Fund to protect against the loss of insured deposits if an FDIC-insured bank or savings association fails. The FDIC must maintain the Deposit Insurance Fund within a range between 1.15% and 1.50% of all insured deposits.
The FDIC has adopted a risk-based assessment system for insured depository institutions that takes into account the risks attributable to different categories and concentrations of assets and liabilities. The system assesses higher rates on those institutions that pose greater risks to the Deposit Insurance Fund. The FDIC places each institution into one of four risk categories using a two-step process based first on capital ratios (the capital group assignment) and then on other relevant information (the supervisory groups assignment). With the lowest risk category, Risk Category I, rates will vary based on each institution’s CAMELS component ratings, certain financial ratios and long-term debt issuer ratings.
Capital group assignments are made quarterly and an institution is assigned to one of three capital categories: (1) well capitalized; (2) adequately capitalized; and (3) undercapitalized. These three categories are
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substantially similar to the prompt corrective action categories described above, with the “undercapitalized” category including institutions that are undercapitalized, significantly undercapitalized and critically undercapitalized for prompt corrective action purposes. The FDIC also assigns an institution to one of three supervisory subgroups based on a supervisory evaluation that the institution’s primary federal banking regulator provides to the FDIC and information that the FDIC determines to be relevant to the institution’s financial condition and the risk posed to the deposit insurance funds.
For 2008, assessments ranged from 5 to 43 cents per $100 of deposits, depending on the institution’s risk category. Institutions in the lowest risk category, Risk Category I, were charged a rate between 5 and 7 cents per $100 of deposits. Risk Categories II, III, and IV were charged 10 basis points, 28 basis points and 43 basis points, respectively. Because the Deposit Insurance Fund reserve fell below 1.15% as of June 30, 2008, and was expected to remain below 1.15%, the Federal Deposit Insurance Reform Act of 2005 required the FDIC to establish and implement a restoration plan to restore the reserve ratio to no less than 1.15% within five years, absent extraordinary circumstances.
On December 16, 2008, the FDIC adopted, as part of its restoration plan, a uniform increase to the assessment rates by 7 basis points (annualized) for the first quarter 2009 assessments. As a result, institutions in Risk Category I will be charged a rate between 12 and 14 cents per $100 of deposits. Risk Categories II, III, and IV will be charged 17 basis points, 35 basis points, and 50 basis points, respectively.
On February 27, 2009, the FDIC amended its restoration plan to extend the period for restoration to seven years and further revised the risk-based assessment system. Starting with the second quarter of 2009, institutions in Risk Category I will have a base assessment rate between 12 and 16 cents per $100 of deposits. Risk Categories II, III, and IV will have base assessment rates of 22 basis points, 32 basis points, and 45 basis points, respectively. These base assessments will be subject to adjustments based on each institution’s unsecured debt, secured liabilities, and use of brokered deposits. As a result of these adjustments, institutions in Risk Category I will be charged rate between 7 and 24 cents per $100 of deposits. Risk Categories II, III, and IV will be charged between 17 and 43 basis points, 27 and 58 basis points, and 40 and 77.5 basis points, respectively.
Under an interim rule adopted on February 27, 2009, the FDIC will impose an emergency special assessment of 20 basis points as of June 30, 2009, and may impose additional emergency special assessments of up to 10 basis points thereafter if the reserve ratio is estimated to fall to a level that the FDIC believes would adequately affect public confidence or to a level that shall be close to zero or negative at the end of a calendar quarter. Sheila Bair, the Chairman of the FDIC, has subsequently indicated that the FDIC may reduce the initial special assessment to 10 basis points.
The FDIC may, without further notice-and-comment rulemaking, adopt rates that are higher or lower than the stated base assessment rates, provided that the FDIC cannot (i) increase or decrease the total rates from one quarter to the next by more than three basis points, or (ii) deviate by more than three basis points from the stated assessment rates. The FDIC may terminate its insurance of deposits if it finds that the institution has engaged in unsafe and unsound practices, is in an unsafe or unsound condition to continue operations, or has violated any applicable law, regulation, rule, order, or condition imposed by the FDIC.
FDIC Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program.On October 14, 2008, the FDIC announced that its Board of Directors, under the authority to prevent “systemic risk” in the U.S. banking system, approved the Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program (TLGP). The purpose of the TLGP is to strengthen confidence and encourage liquidity in the banking system. The TLGP is composed of two components, the Debt Guarantee Program and the Transaction Account Guarantee Program, and institutions had the opportunity, prior to December 5, 2008, to opt-out of either or both components of the TLGP.
The Debt Guarantee Program: Under the TLGP, the FDIC is permitted to guarantee certain newly issued senior unsecured debt issued by participating financial institutions. The annualized fee that the FDIC will assess to guarantee the senior unsecured debt varies by the length of maturity of the debt. For debt with a maturity of
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180 days or less (excluding overnight debt), the fee is 50 basis points; for debt with a maturity between 181 days and 364 days, the fee is 75 basis points, and for debt with a maturity of 365 days or longer, the fee is 100 basis points. The Bank did not opt-out of the Debt Guarantee component of the TLGP.
The Transaction Account Guarantee Program: Under the TLGP, the FDIC is permitted to fully insure non-interest bearing deposit accounts held at participating FDIC-insured institutions, regardless of dollar amount. The temporary guarantee will expire at the end of 2009. For the eligible noninterest bearing transaction deposit accounts (including accounts swept from a noninterest bearing transaction account into an noninterest bearing savings deposit account), a 10 basis point annual rate surcharge will be applied to noninterest bearing transaction deposit amounts over $250,000. Institutions will not be assessed on amounts that are otherwise insured. The Bank did not opt-out of the Transaction Account Guarantee component of the TLGP.
Community Reinvestment Act.The Community Reinvestment Act requires that, in connection with examinations of financial institutions within their respective jurisdictions, the federal banking regulators shall evaluate the record of each financial institution in meeting the credit needs of its local community, including low and moderate-income neighborhoods. These facts are also considered in evaluating mergers, acquisitions and applications to open a branch or facility. Failure to adequately meet these criteria could impose additional requirements and limitations on FSGBank. Additionally, we must publicly disclose the terms of various Community Reinvestment Act-related agreements.
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses.The Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses (ALLL) represents one of the most significant estimates in our financial statements and regulatory reports. Because of its significance, we have developed a system by which we develop, maintain and document a comprehensive, systematic and consistently applied process for determining the amounts of the ALLL and the provision for loan and lease losses. The “Interagency Policy Statement on the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses” issued on December 13, 2006, encourages all banks to ensure controls are in place to consistently determine the ALLL in accordance with GAAP, the bank’s stated policies and procedures, management’s best judgment and relevant supervisory guidance. Consistent with supervisory guidance, we maintain a prudent and conservative, but not excessive, ALLL, that is at a level that is appropriate to cover estimated credit losses on individually evaluated loans determined to be impaired as well as estimated credit losses inherent in the remainder of the loan and lease portfolio. Our estimate of credit losses reflects consideration of all significant factors that affect the collectibility of the portfolio as of the evaluation date. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis—Critical Accounting Policies.”
Commercial Real Estate Lending. Our lending operations may be subject to enhanced scrutiny by federal banking regulators based on our concentration of commercial real estate loans. On December 6, 2006, the federal banking regulators issued final guidance to remind financial institutions of the risk posed by commercial real estate (CRE) lending concentrations. CRE loans generally include land development, construction loans and loans secured by multifamily property, and nonfarm, nonresidential real property where the primary source of repayment is derived from rental income associated with the property. The guidance prescribes the following guidelines for its examiners to help identify institutions that are potentially exposed to significant CRE risk and may warrant greater supervisory scrutiny:
| • | | total reported loans for construction, land development and other land represent 100% or more of the institution’s total capital, or |
| • | | total commercial real estate loans represent 300% or more of the institution’s total capital, and the outstanding balance of the institution’s commercial real estate loan portfolio has increased by 50% or more. |
Other Regulations.Interest and other charges collected or contracted for by FSGBank are subject to state usury laws and federal laws concerning interest rates. FSGBank’s loan operations are also subject to federal laws applicable to credit transactions, such as the:
| • | | Truth-In-Lending Act, governing disclosures of credit terms to consumer borrowers; |
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| • | | Home Mortgage Disclosure Act of 1975, requiring financial institutions to provide information to enable the public and public officials to determine whether a financial institution is fulfilling its obligation to help meet the housing needs of the community it serves; |
| • | | Equal Credit Opportunity Act, prohibiting discrimination on the basis of race, creed or other prohibited factors in extending credit; |
| • | | Fair Credit Reporting Act of 1978, as amended by the Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act, governing the use and provision of information to credit reporting agencies, certain identify theft protections, and certain other credit disclosures; |
| • | | Fair Debt Collection Act, governing the manner in which consumer debts may be collected by collection agencies; |
| • | | National Flood Insurance Act and Flood Disaster Protection Act, requiring flood insurance to extend or renew certain loans in flood plains; |
| • | | Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act, requiring certain disclosures concerning loan closing costs and escrows, and governing transfers of loan servicing and the amounts of escrows, in connection with loans secured by one-to-four family residential properties; |
| • | | Soldiers’ and Sailors’ Civil Relief Act of 1940, as amended, governing the repayment terms of, and property rights underlying, secured obligations of currently on active duty with the United States military; |
| • | | Talent Amendment in the 2007 Defense Authorization Act, establishing a 36% annual percentage rate ceiling, which includes a variety of charges including late fees, for consumer loans to military service members and their dependents; and |
| • | | rules and regulations of the various federal agencies charged with the responsibility of implementing these federal laws. |
FSGBank’s deposit operations are also subject to federal laws applicable to depository accounts, such as the:
| • | | Truth in Savings Act, requiring certain disclosures for consumer deposit accounts; |
| • | | Right to Financial Privacy Act, which imposes a duty to maintain confidentiality of consumer financial records and prescribes procedures for complying with administrative subpoenas of financial records; |
| • | | Electronic Funds Transfer Act and Regulation E issued by the Federal Reserve Board to implement that act, governing automatic deposits to and withdrawals from deposit accounts and customers’ rights and liabilities arising from the use of automated teller machines and other electronic banking services; and |
| • | | rules and regulations of the various federal agencies charged with the responsibility of implementing these federal laws. |
Capital Adequacy
First Security and FSGBank are required to comply with the capital adequacy standards established by the Federal Reserve Board, in the case of First Security, and the OCC, in the case of FSGBank. The Federal Reserve Board has established a risk-based and a leverage measure of capital adequacy for bank holding companies. FSGBank is also subject to risk-based and leverage capital requirements adopted by the OCC, which are substantially similar to those adopted by the Federal Reserve Board for bank holding companies.
The risk-based capital standards are designed to make regulatory capital requirements more sensitive to differences in risk profiles among banks and bank holding companies, to account for off-balance-sheet exposure, and to minimize disincentives for holding liquid assets. Assets and off-balance-sheet items, such as letters of
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credit and unfunded loan commitments, are assigned to broad risk categories, each with appropriate risk weights. The resulting capital ratios represent capital as a percentage of total risk-weighted assets and off-balance-sheet items.
The minimum guideline for the ratio of total capital to risk-weighted assets is 8%. Total capital consists of two components, Tier 1 Capital and Tier 2 Capital. Tier 1 Capital generally consists of common stock, minority interests in the equity accounts of consolidated depository institution subsidiaries, noncumulative perpetual preferred stock in consolidated non-depository institution subsidiaries and a limited amount of qualifying cumulative perpetual preferred stock, less goodwill and other specified intangible assets. Tier 1 Capital must equal at least 4% of risk-weighted assets. Tier 2 Capital generally consists of subordinated debt, other preferred stock and a limited amount of loan loss reserves. The total amount of Tier 2 Capital is limited to 100% of Tier 1 Capital. At December 31, 2008 our ratio of total capital to risk-weighted assets was 11.1% and our ratio of Tier 1 Capital to risk-weighted assets was 9.9%.
In addition, the Federal Reserve Board has established minimum leverage ratio guidelines for bank holding companies. These guidelines provide for a minimum ratio of Tier 1 Capital to average assets, less goodwill and other specified intangible assets, of 3% for bank holding companies that meet specified criteria, including having the highest regulatory rating and implementing the Federal Reserve Board’s risk-based capital measure for market risk. All other bank holding companies generally are required to maintain a leverage ratio of at least 4%. At December 31, 2008, our leverage ratio was 8.7%. The guidelines also provide that bank holding companies experiencing internal growth or making acquisitions will be expected to maintain strong capital positions substantially above the minimum supervisory levels without reliance on intangible assets. The Federal Reserve Board considers the leverage ratio and other indicators of capital strength in evaluating proposals for expansion or new activities.
Failure to meet capital guidelines could subject a bank or bank holding company to a variety of enforcement remedies, including issuance of a capital directive, the termination of deposit insurance by the FDIC, a prohibition on accepting brokered deposits and certain other restrictions on its business. As described above, significant additional restrictions can be imposed on FDIC-insured depository institutions that fail to meet applicable capital requirements.
Payment of Dividends
First Security is a legal entity separate and distinct from FSGBank. The principal sources of First Security’s cash flow, including cash flow to pay dividends to its shareholders, are dividends and management fees that FSGBank pays to its sole shareholder, First Security. Statutory and regulatory limitations apply to FSGBank’s payment of dividends to First Security as well as to First Security’s payment of dividends to its shareholders.
FSGBank is required by federal law to obtain prior approval of the OCC for payments of dividends if the total of all dividends declared by FSGBank’s Board of Directors in any year will exceed (1) the total of FSGBank’s net profits for that year, plus (2) FSGBank’s retained net profits of the preceding two years, less any required transfers to surplus.
When First Security received a capital investment from the United States Department of the Treasury under the TARP CPP on January 9, 2009, we became subject to additional limitations on the payment of dividends. These limitations require, among other things, that (i) all dividends for the securities purchased under the TARP CPP be paid before other dividends can be paid and (ii) the Treasury must approve any increases in common dividends for three years following the Treasury’s investment.
The payment of dividends by First Security and FSGBank may also be affected by other factors, such as the requirement to maintain adequate capital above regulatory guidelines. In addition, the OCC may require, after notice and a hearing, that FSGBank stop or refrain from engaging in any practice it considers unsafe or unsound. The federal banking agencies have indicated that paying dividends that deplete a depository institution’s capital
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base to an inadequate level would be an unsafe and unsound banking practice. Under the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991, a depository institution may not pay any dividend if payment would cause it to become undercapitalized or if it already is undercapitalized. Moreover, the federal agencies have issued policy statements that provide that bank holding companies and insured banks should generally only pay dividends out of current operating earnings.
Restrictions on Transactions with Affiliates
First Security and FSGBank are subject to the provisions of Section 23A of the Federal Reserve Act. Section 23A places limits on the amount of:
| • | | a bank’s loans or extensions of credit to affiliates; |
| • | | a bank’s investment in affiliates; |
| • | | assets a bank may purchase from affiliates, except for real and personal property exempted by the Federal Reserve Board; |
| • | | loans or extensions of credit to third parties collateralized by the securities or obligations of affiliates; and |
| • | | a bank’s guarantee, acceptance or letter of credit issued on behalf of an affiliate. |
The total amount of the above transactions is limited in amount, as to any one affiliate, to 10% of a bank’s capital and surplus and, as to all affiliates combined, to 20% of a bank’s capital and surplus. In addition to the limitation on the amount of these transactions, each of the above transactions must also meet specified collateral requirements. FSGBank must also comply with other provisions designed to avoid the taking of low-quality assets.
First Security and FSGBank are also subject to the provisions of Section 23B of the Federal Reserve Act which, among other things, prohibit an institution from engaging in the above transactions with affiliates unless the transactions are on terms substantially the same, or at least as favorable to the institution or its subsidiaries, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with nonaffiliated companies.
FSGBank is also subject to restrictions on extensions of credit to their executive officers, directors, principal shareholders and their related interests. These extensions of credit (1) must be made on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with third parties and (2) must not involve more than the normal risk of repayment or present other unfavorable features.
Limitations on Senior Executive Compensation
Because First Security received a capital investment from the United States Department of the Treasury under the TARP CPP on January 9, 2009, we are subject to executive compensation limitations. For example, First Security must:
| • | | ensure that senior executive incentive compensation packages do not encourage excessive risk; |
| • | | subject senior executive compensation to “clawback” if the compensation was based on inaccurate financial information or performance metrics; |
| • | | prohibit any golden parachute payments to senior executive officers; and |
| • | | agree not to deduct more than $500,000 for a senior executive officer’s compensation. |
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Proposed Legislation and Regulatory Action
New regulations and statutes are regularly proposed that contain wide-ranging potential changes to the structures, regulations and competitive relationships of financial institutions operating and doing business in the United States. We cannot predict whether or in what form any proposed regulation or statute will be adopted or the extent to which our business may be affected by any new regulation or statute.
Effect of Governmental Monetary Policies
Our earnings are affected by domestic economic conditions and the monetary and fiscal policies of the United States government and its agencies. The Federal Reserve Board’s monetary policies have had, and are likely to continue to have, an important impact on the operating results of commercial banks through its power to implement national monetary policy in order, among other things, to curb inflation or combat a recession. The monetary policies of the Federal Reserve Board affect the levels of bank loans, investments and deposits through its control over the issuance of United States government securities, its regulation of the discount rate applicable to member banks and its influence over reserve requirements to which member banks are subject. We cannot predict the nature or impact of future changes in monetary and fiscal policies.
An investment in our common stock involves risks. If any of the following risks or other risks, which have not been identified or which we may believe are immaterial or unlikely, actually occur, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be harmed. In such a case, the trading price of our common stock could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment. The risks discussed below also include forward-looking statements, and our actual results may differ substantially from those discussed in these forward-looking statements.
Recent negative developments in the financial industry, and the domestic and international credit markets may adversely affect our operations and results.
Negative developments during 2008 in the global credit and derivative markets have resulted in uncertainty in the financial markets in general with the expectation of the general economic downturn continuing in 2009. As a result of this “credit crunch,” commercial as well as consumer loan portfolio performances have deteriorated at many institutions and the competition for deposits and quality loans has increased significantly. In addition, the values of real estate collateral supporting many commercial loans and home mortgages have declined and may continue to decline. Global securities markets, and bank holding company stock prices in particular, have been negatively affected, as has the ability of banks and bank holding companies to raise capital or borrow in the debt markets. If these negative trends continue, our business operations and financial results may be negatively affected.
We are subject to liquidity risk in our operations.
Liquidity risk is the possibility of being unable, at a reasonable cost and within acceptable risk tolerances, to pay obligations as they come due, to capitalize on growth opportunities as they arise, or to pay regular dividends because of an inability to liquidate assets or obtain adequate funding on a timely basis. Liquidity is required to fund various obligations, including credit obligations to borrowers, mortgage originations, withdrawals by depositors, repayment of debt, dividends to shareholders, operating expenses, and capital expenditures. Liquidity is derived primarily from retail deposit growth and retention, principal and interest payments on loans and investment securities, net cash provided from operations, and access to other funding sources. Our access to funding sources in amounts adequate to finance our activities could be impaired by factors that affect us specifically or the financial services industry in general. Factors that could detrimentally affect our access to liquidity sources include a decrease in the level of our business activity due to a market downturn or adverse
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regulatory action against us. Our ability to borrow could also be impaired by factors that are not specific to us, such as a severe disruption in the financial markets or negative views and expectations about the prospects for the financial services industry as a whole, given the recent turmoil faced by banking organizations in the domestic and worldwide credit markets.
A prolonged economic downturn, especially one affecting our market areas, could adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Our success depends upon the growth in population, income levels, deposits and housing starts in our primary market areas. If the communities in which FSGBank operate do not grow, or if prevailing economic conditions locally or nationally are unfavorable, our business may not succeed. Unpredictable economic conditions may have an adverse effect on the quality of our loan portfolio and our financial performance. Economic recession over a prolonged period or other economic problems in our market areas could have a material adverse impact on the quality of the loan portfolio and the demand for our products and services. Future adverse changes in the economies in our market areas may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. Further, the banking industry in Tennessee and Georgia is affected by general economic conditions such as inflation, recession, unemployment and other factors beyond our control. As an example, our banking business in northern Georgia is highly dependent on the carpet industry, and, as a result, if the carpet industry or one of the large carpet employers in Dalton, Georgia should suffer a downturn in its business, our operating performance could be adversely affected. As a community bank, we are less able to spread the risk of unfavorable local economic conditions than larger or more regional banks. Moreover, we cannot give any assurance that we will benefit from any market growth or favorable economic conditions in our primary market areas if they do occur.
The market value of the real estate securing our loans as collateral has been adversely affected by the slowing economy and unfavorable changes in economic conditions in our market areas and could be further adversely affected in the future. As of December 31, 2008, approximately 75.1% of our loans receivable were secured by real estate. Any sustained period of increased payment delinquencies, foreclosures or losses caused by the adverse market and economic conditions, including the downturn in the real estate market, in our markets will adversely affect the value of our assets, revenues, results of operations and financial condition. Currently, we are experiencing such an economic downturn, and if it continues, our operations could be further adversely affected.
Ongoing deterioration in the housing market and the homebuilding industry may lead to increased losses and further worsening of delinquencies and non-performing assets in our loan portfolios. Consequently, our results of operations may be adversely impacted.
There has been substantial industry concern and publicity over asset quality among financial institutions due in large part to issues related to subprime mortgage lending, declining real estate values and general economic concerns. As of December 31, 2008, our non-performing assets had increased to $27.3 million, or 2.7%, of our loan portfolio plus other real estate owned. Furthermore, the housing and the residential mortgage markets recently have experienced a variety of difficulties and changed economic conditions. If market conditions continue to deteriorate, they may lead to additional valuation adjustments on our loan portfolios and real estate owned as we continue to reassess the market value of our loan portfolio, the losses associated with the loans in default and the net realizable value of real estate owned.
The homebuilding industry has experienced a significant and sustained decline in demand for new homes and an oversupply of new and existing homes available for sale in various markets, including some of the markets in which we lend. Our customers who are builders and developers face greater difficulty in selling their homes in markets where these trends are more pronounced. Consequently, we are facing increased delinquencies and non-performing assets as these builders and developers are forced to default on their loans with us. We do not know when the housing market will improve, and accordingly, additional downgrades, provisions for loan losses and charge-offs related to our loan portfolio may occur.
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Additionally, the continued decline in the homebuilding industry has negatively affected the Dalton, Georgia economy, which is primarily based on the carpet industry. A continued decline may lead to additional unemployment, which may lead to increased delinquencies and nonperforming assets.
If the value of real estate in our core market were to decline materially, a significant portion of our loan portfolio could become under-collateralized, which could have a material adverse effect on us.
With most of our loans concentrated along the Interstate corridors of eastern and middle Tennessee and northern Georgia, a decline in local economic conditions could adversely affect the values of our real estate collateral. Consequently, a decline in local economic conditions may have a greater effect on our earnings and capital than on the earnings and capital of larger financial institutions whose real estate loan portfolios are geographically diverse.
In addition to considering the financial strength and cash flow characteristics of borrowers, we often secure loans with real estate collateral. At December 31, 2008, approximately 75.1% of our loans had real estate as a primary or secondary component of collateral. The real estate collateral in each case provides an alternate source of repayment in the event of default by the borrower and may deteriorate in value during the time the credit is extended. If we are required to liquidate the collateral securing a loan to satisfy the debt during a period of reduced real estate values, our earnings and capital could be adversely affected.
We make and hold in our portfolio a significant number of land acquisition and development and construction loans, which pose more credit risk than other types of loans typically made by financial institutions.
We offer land acquisition and development, and construction loans for builders and developers. As of December 31, 2008, approximately $194.6 million, or 19.2%, of our total loan portfolio represented construction and land development loans. These land acquisition and development, and construction loans are considered more risky than other types of loans. The primary credit risks associated with land acquisition and development and construction lending are underwriting, project risks, and market risks. Project risks include cost overruns, borrower credit risk, project completion risk, general contractor credit risk, and environmental and other hazard risks. Market risks are risks associated with the sale of the completed residential units. They include affordability risk, which means the risk that borrowers cannot obtain affordable financing, product design risk, and risks posed by competing projects. There can be no assurance that losses in our land acquisition and development and construction loan portfolio will not exceed our reserves, which could adversely impact our earnings. Given the current environment, the non-performing loans in our land acquisition and development and construction portfolio may increase substantially in 2009, and these non-performing loans could result in a material level of charge-offs, which will negatively impact our capital and earnings.
Weakness in residential property values and mortgage loan markets could adversely affect us.
Recent weakness in the secondary market for residential lending could have an adverse impact upon our profitability. Pricing may change, rapidly impacting the value of loans in our portfolio. This has been most pronounced in residential construction and development loans. The turmoil in the mortgage markets, combined with the ongoing correction in real estate markets, could result in further price reductions in single family home prices and lack of liquidity in refinancing markets. These factors could adversely impact the quality of our residential construction and residential mortgage portfolio in various ways, including creating discrepancies in value between the original appraisal and the value at time of sale, and by decreasing the value of the collateral for our mortgage loans. We also have a significant amount of loans on one-to-four family residential properties, which are secured principally by single-family residences. Loans of this type are generally smaller in size and geographically dispersed throughout our market area. Losses on the residential loan portfolio depend to large degree on the level of interest rates, the unemployment rate, economic conditions, and collateral values, and are therefore difficult to predict.
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Additionally, we may be required to repurchase mortgage loans or indemnify mortgage loan purchasers as a result of certain borrower defaults, which could harm our liquidity, results of operations, and financial condition. When we sell mortgage loans, whether as whole loans or pursuant to a securitization, we are required to make customary representations and warranties to the purchaser about the mortgage loans and the manner in which the loans were originated. Our whole loan sale agreements sometimes require us to repurchase or substitute mortgage loans in the event we breach any of these representations or warranties. In addition, we may be required to repurchase mortgage loans in the event of early payment default of the borrower on a mortgage loan. While we have taken steps to enhance our underwriting policies and procedures, these steps might not be effective and might not lessen the risks associated with loans sold in the past. If repurchase demands increase, our liquidity, results of operations, and financial condition could be adversely affected.
The amount of “other real estate owned” (OREO) may increase significantly, resulting in additional losses, and costs and expenses that will negatively affect our operations.
At December 31, 2007, we had a total of $2.5 million of OREO, and at December 31, 2008, we had a total of $7.1 million of OREO, reflecting a $4.7 million increase, or 191.4%, from 2007 to 2008. This increase in OREO is due, among other things, to the continued deterioration of the residential real estate market and the tightening of the credit market. As the amount of OREO increases, our losses, and the costs and expenses to maintain the real estate likewise increase. Due to the on-going economic crisis, the amount of OREO may continue to increase throughout 2009. Any additional increase in losses, and maintenance costs and expenses due to OREO may have material adverse effects on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Such effects may be particularly pronounced in a market of reduced real estate values and excess inventory, which may make the disposition of OREO properties more difficult, increase maintenance costs and expenses, and may reduce our ultimate realization from any OREO sales.
Weakness in the economy and in the real estate market, including specific weakness within our geographic footprint, has adversely affected us and may continue to adversely affect us.
Declines in the U.S. economy and our local real estate markets contributed to our increasing provisions for loan losses during 2008, and may result in additional loan losses and loss provisions for 2009. These factors could result in further increases in loan loss provisions, and additional delinquencies, charge-offs, or both in future periods, any of which may adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. If the strength of the U.S. economy in general and the strength of the local economies in which we conduct operations continue to decline, this could result in, among other things, further deterioration in credit quality or a reduced demand for credit, including a resultant adverse effect on our loan portfolio and additional increases to our allowance for loan and lease losses.
In addition, deterioration of the U.S. economy may adversely impact our banking business more generally. Economic declines may be accompanied by a decrease in demand for consumer or commercial credit and declining real estate and other asset values. Declining real estate and other asset values may reduce the ability of borrowers to use such equity to support borrowings. Delinquencies, foreclosures and losses generally increase during economic slowdowns or recessions. Additionally, our servicing costs, collection costs, and credit losses may also increase in periods of economic slowdown or recessions. Effects of the current real estate slowdown have not been limited to those directly involved in the real estate construction industry (such as builders and developers). Rather, it has impacted a number of related businesses such as building materials suppliers, equipment leasing firms, and real estate attorneys, among others, and the current recession has negatively impacted businesses of all types. All of these affected businesses have banking relationships, and when their businesses suffer from an economic slowdown or recession, the banking relationship suffers as well.
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Changes in the interest rate environment could reduce our profitability.
As a financial institution, our earnings significantly depend on our net interest income, which is the difference between the interest income that we earn on interest-earning assets, such as investment securities and loans, and the interest expense that we pay on interest-bearing liabilities, such as deposits and borrowings. Therefore, any change in general market interest rates, including changes in the Federal Reserve Boards’ fiscal and monetary policies, affects us more than non-financial institutions and can have a significant effect on our net interest income and total income. Our assets and liabilities may react differently to changes in overall market rates or conditions because there may be mismatches between the repricing or maturity characteristics of the assets and liabilities. As a result, an increase or decrease in market interest rates could have material adverse effects on our net interest margin and results of operations.
Since January 2008, in response to the dramatic deterioration of the subprime, mortgage, credit, and liquidity markets, the Federal Reserve has taken action on seven occasions to reduce interest rates by a total of 400 to 425 basis points, which has reduced our net interest income and will likely continue to reduce this income for the foreseeable future. Any reduction in our net interest income will negatively affect our business, financial condition, liquidity, operating results, cash flows and, potentially, the price of our securities. Additionally, in 2009, we expect to have continued margin pressure given these historically low interest rates, along with elevated levels of non-performing assets.
At December 31, 2008 we were in an asset-sensitive position, which generally means that changes in interest rates affect our interest earned on assets quicker than our interest paid for liabilities because the rates earned on our assets reset sooner than rates paid on our liabilities. Accordingly, we anticipate that interest rate decreases by the Federal Reserve throughout 2008 will continue to have a negative effect on our interest income over the short term until the interest rates paid on our liabilities reset.
In addition, we cannot predict whether interest rates will continue to remain at present levels. Changes in interest rates may cause significant changes, up or down, in our net interest income. Depending on our portfolio of loans and investments, our results of operations may be adversely affected by changes in interest rates. In addition, any significant increase in prevailing interest rates could adversely affect our mortgage banking business because higher interest rates could cause customers to request fewer refinancings and purchase money mortgage originations.
As a community bank, we have different lending risks than larger banks.
We provide services to our local communities. Our ability to diversify our economic risks is limited by our own local markets and economies. We lend primarily to individuals and to small to medium-sized businesses, which may expose us to greater lending risks than those of banks lending to larger, better-capitalized businesses with longer operating histories.
We manage our credit exposure through careful monitoring of loan applicants and loan concentrations in particular industries, and through loan approval and review procedures. We have established an evaluation process designed to determine the adequacy of our allowance for loan losses. While this evaluation process uses historical and other objective information, the classification of loans and the establishment of loan losses is an estimate based on experience, judgment and expectations regarding our borrowers, the economies in which we and our borrowers operate, as well as the judgment of our regulators. We cannot assure you that our loan loss reserves will be sufficient to absorb future loan losses or prevent a material adverse effect on our business, profitability or financial condition.
Our recent results may not be indicative of our future results.
We may not be able to sustain our historical rate of growth or may not even be able to grow our business at all. In addition, our recent and rapid growth may distort some of our historical financial ratios and statistics. In the future, we may not have the benefit of several recently favorable factors, such as a generally predictable
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interest rate environment, a strong residential mortgage market or the ability to find suitable expansion opportunities. Various factors, such as economic conditions, regulatory and legislative considerations and competition, may also impede or prohibit our ability to expand our market presence. If we experience a significant decrease in our historical rate of growth, our results of operations and financial condition may be adversely affected due to a high percentage of our operating costs being fixed expenses.
Negative publicity about financial institutions, generally, or about the Company or Bank, specifically, could damage the Company’s reputation and adversely impact its business operations and financial results.
Reputation risk, or the risk to our business from negative publicity, is inherent in our business. Negative publicity can result from the actual or alleged conduct of financial institutions, generally, or the Company or Bank, specifically, in any number of activities, including leasing practices, corporate governance, and actions taken by government regulators in response to those activities. Negative publicity can adversely affect our ability to keep and attract customers and can expose us to litigation and regulatory action, any of which could negatively affect our business operations or financial results.
If we are unable to increase our share of deposits in our market, we may accept out of market brokered deposits, the costs of which may be higher than expected.
We can offer no assurance that we will be able to maintain or increase our market share of deposits in our highly competitive service area. If we are unable to do so, we may be forced to accept increased amounts of out of market brokered deposits. As of December 31, 2008, we had approximately $257.1 million in out of market deposits, including brokered deposits, which represented approximately 23.9% of our total deposits. At times, the cost of out of market and brokered deposits exceeds the cost of deposits in our local market. In addition, the cost of out of market brokered deposits can be volatile, and if we are unable to access these markets or if our costs related to out of market brokered deposits increases, our liquidity and ability to support demand for loans could be adversely affected.
Changes in monetary policies may have an adverse effect on our business.
Credit policies of monetary authorities, particularly the Federal Reserve Board, affect our results of operations. Actions by monetary and fiscal authorities, including the Federal Reserve Board, could have an adverse effect on our deposit levels, loan demand or business and earnings.
The FDIC Deposit Insurance assessments that we are required to pay may materially increase in the future, which would have an adverse effect on our earnings.
As an insured depository institution, we are required to pay quarterly deposit insurance premium assessments to the FDIC. These assessment are required to ensure that FDIC deposit insurance reserve ratio is at least 1.15% of insured deposits. Under the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, the FDIC, absent extraordinary circumstances, must establish and implement a plan to restore the deposit insurance reserve ratio to 1.15% of insured deposits, over a five-year period, when the reserve ratio falls below 1.15%. The recent failures of several financial institutions have significantly increased the Deposit Insurance Fund’s loss provisions, resulting in a decline in the reserve ratio. The FDIC expects a higher rate of insured institution failures in the next few years, which may result in a continued decline in the reserve ratio.
Beginning on January 1, 2009, there was a uniform seven basis points (annualized) increase to the assessments that banks pay for deposit insurance. The increased assessment rates range from 12 to 50 basis points (annualized) for the first quarter 2009 assessment, which will be owed on June 30, 2009. Beginning on April 1, 2009, the FDIC will modify the risk-based assessments to account for each institution’s unsecured debt, secured liabilities and use of brokered deposits. Assessment rates will range from 7 to 77.5 basis points (annualized) starting with the second quarter 2009 assessments, which will be owed on September 30, 2009. In
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addition, the FDIC has adopted an interim rule to impose an emergency special assessment of 20 basis points as of June 30, 2009, which will be owed on September 30, 2009. The FDIC may also impose additional emergency special assessments of up to 10 basis points thereafter if the reserve ratio is estimated to fall to a level that the FDIC believes would adequately affect public confidence or to a level that shall be close to zero or negative at the end of a calendar quarter. Sheila Bair, the chairman of the FDIC, has subsequently indicated that the FDIC may reduce the initial special assessment to 10 basis points.
If the FDIC imposes additional emergency assessments, or otherwise further increases assessment rates, our earnings could be further adversely impacted.
Our long-term business strategy includes the continuation of growth plans, and our financial condition and results of operations could be negatively affected if we fail to grow or fail to manage our growth effectively.
Over the long-term, we intend to continue pursuing a growth strategy for our business. Our prospects must be considered in light of the risks, expenses and difficulties frequently encountered by companies in significant growth stages of development. We cannot assure you we will be able to expand our market presence in our existing markets or successfully enter new markets or that any such expansion will not adversely affect our results of operations. Failure to manage our growth effectively could have a material adverse effect on our business, future prospects, financial condition or results of operations, and could adversely affect our ability to successfully implement our business strategy. Also, if our growth occurs more slowly than anticipated or declines, our operating results could be materially adversely affected.
Our ability to successfully grow will depend on a variety of factors including the continued availability of desirable business opportunities, the competitive responses from other financial institutions in our market areas and our ability to manage our growth. While we believe we have the management resources and internal systems in place to successfully manage our future growth, there can be no assurance that growth opportunities will be available or growth will be managed successfully.
We face risks with respect to future expansion and acquisitions or mergers.
We continually seek to acquire other financial institutions or parts of those institutions and may continue to engage in de novo branch expansion in the future. Acquisitions and mergers involve a number of risks, including:
| • | | the time and costs associated with identifying and evaluating potential acquisitions and merger partners may negatively affect our business; |
| • | | the estimates and judgments used to evaluate credit, operations, management and market risks with respect to the target institution may not be accurate; |
| • | | the time and costs of evaluating new markets, hiring experienced local management and opening new offices and the time lags between these activities and the generation of sufficient assets and deposits to support the costs of the expansion may negatively affect our business; |
| • | | we may not be able to finance an acquisition without diluting the interests of our existing shareholders; |
| • | | the diversion of our management’s attention to the negotiation of a transaction may detract from their business productivity; |
| • | | we may enter into new markets where we lack experience; |
| • | | we may introduce new products and services into our business with which we have no prior experience; and |
| • | | we may incur an impairment of goodwill associated with an acquisition and experience adverse short-term effects on our results of operations. |
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In addition, no assurance can be given that we will be able to integrate our operations after an acquisition without encountering difficulties including, without limitation, the loss of key employees and customers, the disruption of our respective ongoing businesses or possible inconsistencies in standards, controls, procedures and policies. Successful integration of our operations with those of another entity will depend primarily on our ability to consolidate operations, systems and procedures and to eliminate redundancies and costs. If we have difficulties with the integration, we might not achieve the economic benefits we would expect to result from any particular acquisition or merger. In addition, we may experience greater than expected costs or difficulties relating to such integration.
Adverse market conditions and future losses may require us to raise additional capital in the future to support our operations, but that capital may not be available when it is needed or could be dilutive to existing shareholders, which could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
We are required by federal and state regulatory authorities to maintain adequate levels of capital to support our operations. We anticipate our capital resources following this offering will satisfy our capital requirements for the foreseeable future. We may at some point, however, need to raise additional capital to support our continued growth.
Our ability to raise additional capital, if needed, will depend on conditions in the capital markets at that time, which are outside our control, and on our financial performance. If we need to raise capital, there is no guarantee that we will be able to borrow funds or successfully raise capital at all or on terms that are favorable or otherwise not dilutive to existing shareholders. If we cannot raise additional capital when needed, our ability to further expand our operations through internal growth and acquisitions could be materially impaired.
We face strong competition from larger, more established competitors.
The banking business is highly competitive, and we experience strong competition from many other financial institutions. We compete with commercial banks, credit unions, savings and loan associations, mortgage banking firms, consumer finance companies, securities brokerage firms, insurance companies, money market funds and other financial institutions, which operate in our primary market areas and elsewhere.
We compete with these institutions both in attracting deposits and in making loans. In addition, we have to attract our customer base from other existing financial institutions and from new residents. Many of our competitors are well-established and much larger financial institutions. While we believe we can and do successfully compete with these other financial institutions in our markets, we may face a competitive disadvantage as a result of our smaller size and lack of geographic diversification.
Although we compete by concentrating our marketing efforts in our primary market area with local advertisements, personal contacts and greater flexibility in working with local customers, we can give no assurance that this strategy will be successful.
We are subject to extensive regulation that could limit or restrict our activities and impose financial requirements or limitations on the conduct of our business.
As a bank holding company, we are primarily regulated by the Federal Reserve Board. Our subsidiary is primarily regulated by the OCC. Our compliance with Federal Reserve Board and OCC regulations is costly and may limit our growth and restrict certain of our activities, including payment of dividends, mergers and acquisitions, investments, loans and interest rates charged, interest rates paid on deposits and locations of offices. We are also subject to the capital requirements of our regulators.
The laws and regulations applicable to the banking industry could change at any time, and we cannot predict the effects of these changes on our business and profitability. Because government regulation greatly affects the business and financial results of all commercial banks and bank holding companies, our cost of compliance could adversely affect our ability to operate profitably.
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The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the related rules and regulations promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission and Nasdaq, have increased the scope, complexity and cost of corporate governance, reporting and disclosure practices. As a result, we may experience greater compliance costs.
Our ability to pay dividends is limited and we may be unable to pay future dividends.
We make no assurances that we will pay any dividends in the future. Any future determination relating to dividend policy will be made at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend on a number of factors, including our future earnings, capital requirements, financial condition, future prospects, regulatory restrictions, and other factors that our Board of Directors may deem relevant. The holders of our common stock are entitled to receive dividends when and if declared by our Board of Directors out of funds legally available for that purpose. As part of our consideration to pay cash dividends, we intend to retain adequate funds from future earnings to support the development and growth of our business. In addition, our ability to pay dividends is restricted by federal policies and regulations. It is the policy of the Federal Reserve Board that bank holding companies should pay cash dividends on common stock only out of net income available over the past year and only if prospective earnings retention is consistent with the organization’s expected future needs and financial condition. Further, our principal source of funds to pay dividends is cash dividends that we receive from the Bank.
In addition, because we have participated in the United States Department of the Treasury’s Troubled Asset Relief Program Capital Purchase Program (TARP CPP), our ability to pay dividends on common stock is further limited. Specifically, we may not pay dividends on common stock unless all dividends have been paid on the securities issued to the Treasury under the TARP CPP. The TARP CPP also restricts our ability to increase the amount of dividends on common stock, which potentially limits your opportunity for gain on your investment.
Tennessee law and our charter limit the ability of others to acquire us.
Various anti-takeover protections for Tennessee corporations are set forth in the Tennessee Business Corporation Act, the Business Combination Act, the Control Share Acquisition Act, the Greenmail Act and the Investor Protection Act. Because our common stock is registered with the SEC under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Business Combination Act automatically applies to us unless our shareholders adopt a charter or bylaw amendment which expressly excludes us from the anti-takeover provisions of the Business Combination Act two years prior to a proposed takeover. Our Board of Directors has no present intention of recommending such charter or bylaw amendment.
These statutes have the general effect of discouraging, or rendering more difficult, unfriendly takeover or acquisition attempts. Such provisions would be beneficial to current management in an unfriendly takeover attempt but could have an adverse effect on shareholders who might wish to participate in such a transaction.
Our corporate culture has contributed to our success, and if we cannot maintain this culture as we grow, we could lose the teamwork and increased productivity fostered by our culture, which could harm our business.
We believe that a critical contributor to our success has been our corporate culture, which we believe fosters teamwork and increased productivity. As our organization grows and we are required to implement more complex organization management structures, we may find it increasingly difficult to maintain the beneficial aspects of our corporate culture. This could negatively impact our future success.
If we fail to retain our key employees, our growth and profitability could be adversely affected.
Our success is, and is expected to remain, highly dependent on our executive officers, especially Rodger B. Holley, Lloyd (“Monty”) L. Montgomery III and William (“Chip”) L. Lusk, Jr. This is particularly true because, as a community bank, we depend on our management team’s ties to the community to generate business for us. Our rapid growth will continue to place significant demands on our management, and the loss of any such person’s services may have an adverse effect upon us.
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Our ability to attract and retain the best key employees may be limited by the restrictions that we must place on the compensation of those employees due to our participation in the United States Department of the Treasury’s Troubled Asset Relief Program Capital Purchase Program.
Participants in the TARP CPP must set specified limits on the compensation to certain senior executive officers. The limitations, which include a prohibition on any “golden parachute” payments and a “clawback” of any bonus that was based on materially inaccurate financial data or other performance metric, could limit our ability to attract and retain the best executive officers because other competing employers may not be subject to these limitations.
The United States Department of the Treasury, as a holder of our preferred stock, has rights that are senior to those of our common stockholders.
We have supported our capital operations by issuing classes of preferred stock to the United States Department of the Treasury under the TARP CPP. On January 9, 2009, we issued preferred stock to the Treasury under the TARP CPP totaling $33 million. The preferred stock has dividend rights that are senior to our common stock; therefore, we must pay dividends on the preferred stock before we can pay any dividends on our common stock. In the event of our bankruptcy, dissolution, or liquidation, the Treasury must be satisfied before we can make any distributions to our common stockholders.
Our agreement with the United States Department of the Treasury under the Troubled Asset Relief Program Capital Purchase Program is subject to unilateral change by the Treasury, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Under the TARP CPP, the Treasury may unilaterally amend the terms of its agreement with us in order to comply with any changes in federal law. We cannot predict the effects of any of these changes and of the associated amendments.
The Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 or other governmental actions may not stabilize the financial services industry.
The Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (EESA), which was signed into law on October 3, 2008, is intended to alleviate the financial crisis affecting the U.S. banking system. A number of programs are being developed and implemented under EESA. The EESA may not have the intended effect, however, and as a result, the condition of the financial services industry could decline instead of improve. The failure of the EESA to improve the condition of the U.S. banking system could significantly adversely affect our access to funding or capital, the trading price of our stock, and other elements of our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
In addition to EESA, a variety of legislative, regulatory, and other proposals have been discussed or may be introduced in an effort to address the financial crisis. Depending on the scope of such proposals, if they are adopted and applied to the Company, our financial condition, results of operations or liquidity could, directly or indirectly, benefit or be adversely affected in a manner that could be material to our business.
Environmental liability associated with lending activities could result in losses.
In the course of our business, we may foreclose on and take title to properties securing our loans. If hazardous substances are discovered on any of these properties, we may be liable to governmental entities or third parties for the costs of remediation of the hazard, as well as for personal injury and property damage. Many environmental laws can impose liability regardless of whether we knew of, or were responsible for, the contamination. In addition, if we arrange for the disposal of hazardous or toxic substances at another site, we may be liable for the costs of cleaning up and removing those substances from the site, even if we neither own nor operate the disposal site. Environmental laws may require us to incur substantial expenses and may materially limit the use of properties that we acquire through foreclosure, reduce their value or limit our ability to
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sell them in the event of a default on the loans they secure. In addition, future laws or more stringent interpretations or enforcement policies with respect to existing laws may increase our exposure to environmental liability. Our loan policies require certain due diligence of high risk industries and properties with the intention of lowering our risk of a non-performing loan and/or foreclosed property.
Confidential customer information transmitted through the Bank’s online banking service is vulnerable to security breaches and computer viruses, which could expose the Bank to litigation and adversely affect its reputation and ability to generate deposits.
The Bank provides its customers with the ability to bank online. The secure transmission of confidential information over the Internet is a critical element of online banking. The Bank’s network could be vulnerable to unauthorized access, computer viruses, phishing schemes, and other security problems. The Bank may be required to spend significant capital and other resources to protect against the threat of security breaches and computer viruses, or to alleviate problems caused by security breaches or viruses. To the extent that the Bank’s activities or the activities of its clients involve the storage and transmission of confidential information, security breaches and viruses could expose the Bank to claims, litigation and other possible liabilities. Any inability to prevent security breaches or computer viruses could also cause existing clients to lose confidence in the Bank’s systems and could adversely affect its reputation and its ability to generate deposits.
Item 1B. | Unresolved Staff Comments |
There are no written comments from the Commission staff regarding our periodic or current reports under the Act which remain unresolved.
During 2008, we conducted our business primarily through our corporate headquarters located at 531 Broad Street, Chattanooga, Hamilton County, Tennessee.
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We believe that our banking offices are in good condition, are suitable to our needs and, for the most part, are relatively new. The following table summarizes pertinent details of our owned or leased branch, loan production and leasing offices.
| | | | | | | | |
Office Address | | Date Opened | | Owned/Leased | | Square Footage | | Use of Office |
401 South Thornton Avenue Dalton, Whitfield County, Georgia | | September 17, 1999 | | Owned | | 16,438 | | Branch |
| | | | |
1237 Cleveland Road Dalton, Whitfield County, Georgia | | September 17, 1999 | | Owned | | 3,300 | | Branch |
| | | | |
761 New Highway 68 Sweetwater, Monroe County, Tennessee | | June 26, 2000 | | Owned | | 3,000 | | Branch |
| | | | |
1740 Gunbarrel Road Chattanooga, Hamilton County, Tennessee | | July 3, 2000 | | Leased | | 3,400 | | Branch |
| | | | |
4227 Ringgold Road East Ridge, Hamilton County, Tennessee | | July 28, 2000 | | Leased | | 3,400 | | Branch |
| | | | |
817 Broad Street Chattanooga, Hamilton County, Tennessee | | June 26, 2000 | | Leased | | 4,050 | | Branch |
| | | | |
835 South Congress Parkway Athens, McMinn County, Tennessee | | November 6, 2000 | | Owned | | 3,400 | | Branch |
| | | | |
4535 Highway 58 Chattanooga, Hamilton County, Tennessee | | May 7, 2001 | | Owned | | 3,400 | | Branch |
| | | | |
820 Ridgeway Avenue Signal Mountain, Hamilton County, Tennessee | | May 29, 2001 | | Owned | | 2,500 | | Branch |
| | | | |
2709 Chattanooga Road, Suite 5 Rocky Face, Whitfield County, Georgia | | June 4, 2001 | | Leased | | 2,400 | | Branch |
| | | | |
1409 Cowart Street Chattanooga, Hamilton County, Tennessee | | October 22, 2001 | | Building Owned
Land Leased | | 1,000 | | Branch |
| | | | |
9217 Lee Highway Ooltewah, Hamilton County, Tennessee | | July 8, 2002 | | Owned | | 3,400 | | Branch |
| | | | |
2905 Maynardville Highway Maynardville, Union County, Tennessee | | July 20, 2002 | | Owned | | 12,197 | | Branch |
| | | | |
216 Maynardville Highway Maynardville, Union County, Tennessee | | July 20, 2002 | | Leased | | 2,000 | | Branch |
| | | | |
2918 East Walnut Avenue Dalton, Whitfield County, Georgia | | March 31, 2003 | | Owned | | 10,337 | | Branch |
| | | | |
715 South Thornton Avenue Dalton, Whitfield County, Georgia | | March 31, 2003 | | Building Owned
Land Leased | | 4,181 | | Branch |
| | | | |
2270 Highway 72 N Loudon, Loudon County, Tennessee | | June 30, 2003 | | Owned | | 1,860 | | Branch |
| | | | |
35 Poplar Springs Road Ringgold, Catoosa County, Georgia | | July 14, 2003 | | Owned | | 3,400 | | Branch |
| | | | |
167 West Broadway Boulevard Jefferson City, Jefferson County, Tennessee | | October 14, 2003 | | Owned | | 3,743 | | Branch |
| | | | |
705 East Broadway Lenoir City, Loudon County, Tennessee | | October 27, 2003 | | Owned | | 3,610 | | Branch |
| | | | |
301 North Main Street Sweetwater, Monroe County, Tennessee | | December 4, 2003 | | Owned | | 4,650 | | Branch |
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| | | | | | | | |
Office Address | | Date Opened | | Owned/Leased | | Square Footage | | Use of Office |
215 Warren Street Madisonville, Monroe County, Tennessee | | December 4, 2003 | | Owned | | 8,456 | | Branch |
| | | | |
405 Highway 165 Tellico Plains, Monroe County, Tennessee | | December 4, 2003 | | Owned | | 3,565 | | Branch |
| | | | |
155 North Campbell Station Road Knoxville, Knox County, Tennessee | | March 2, 2004 | | Building Owned
Land Leased | | 3,743 | | Branch |
| | | | |
4215 Highway 411 Madisonville, Monroe County, Tennessee | | March 15, 2004 | | Owned | | 472 | | Branch |
| | | | |
1013 South Highway 92 Dandridge, Jefferson County, Tennessee | | April 5, 2004 | | Owned | | 3,500 | | Branch |
| | | | |
307 Lovell Road Knoxville, Knox County, Tennessee | | August 16, 2004 | | Building Owned
Land Leased | | 3,500 | | Branch |
| | | | |
1111 Northshore Drive, Suite S600 Knoxville, Knox County, Tennessee | | October 1, 2004 | | Leased | | 9,867 | | Loan & Leasing |
| | | | |
1111 Northshore Drive, Suite P-100 Knoxville, Knox County, Tennessee | | July 25, 2005 | | Leased | | 1,105 | | Branch |
| | | | |
307 Hull Avenue Gainesboro, Jackson County, Tennessee | | August 31, 2005 | | Owned | | 9,662 | | Branch |
| | | | |
6766 Granville Highway Granville, Jackson County, Tennessee | | August 31, 2005 | | Owned | | 2,880 | | Branch |
| | | | |
3261 Jennings Creek Highway Whitleyville, Jackson County, Tennessee | | August 31, 2005 | | Building Owned
Land Leased | | 1,368 | | Branch |
| | | | |
340 South Jefferson Avenue Cookeville, Putnam County, Tennessee | | August 31, 2005 | | Owned | | 3,220 | | Branch |
| | | | |
376 West Jackson Street Cookeville, Putnam County, Tennessee | | August 31, 2005 | | Owned | | 14,780 | | Branch |
| | | | |
301 Keith Street SW Cleveland, Bradley County, Tennessee | | October 31, 2005 | | Leased | | 3,072 | | Branch |
| | | | |
3895 Cleveland Road Varnell, Whitfield County, Georgia | | November 11, 2005 | | Owned | | 1,860 | | Branch |
| | | | |
531 Broad Street Chattanooga, Hamilton County, Tennessee | | December 11, 2006 | | Owned | | 39,700 | | Branch & Headquarters |
| | | | |
614 West Main Street Algood, Putnam County, Tennessee | | April 10, 2007 | | Owned | | 1,936 | | Branch |
| | | | |
52 Mouse Creek Road Cleveland, Bradley County, Tennessee | | May 14, 2007 | | Owned | | 1,256 | | Branch |
| | | | |
8620 Asheville Highway Knoxville, Knox County, Tennessee | | January 8, 2008 | | Leased | | 950 | | Loan |
As of December 31, 2008, we owned one additional plot of land. The vacant lot is located at 1020 South Highway 92, Dandridge, Jefferson County, Tennessee (1.0 acres). The lot is currently available for sale. We originally purchased, or a predecessor institution purchased, this site for bank purposes.
We purchased land located at 5188 Highway 153, Hixson, Hamilton County, Tennessee, during 2008 for a de novo branch. We anticipate opening in the second quarter of 2009.
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We ceased operations at 2424 Roswell Road, Suite 6A, Marietta, Cobb County, Georgia, in August 2008. We are still leasing the office and plan to reopen when market conditions improve.
We closed the branch located at 1249 Murray Avenue, Dalton, Whitfield County, Georgia on February 28, 2009.
We are not aware of any environmental problems with the properties that we own or lease that would be material, either individually, or in the aggregate, to our operations or financial condition.
While we are from time to time a party to various legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business, management believes, after consultation with legal counsel, that there are no proceedings threatened or pending against us that will, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on our business or consolidated financial condition.
Item 4. | Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders |
We held a special meeting of shareholders on December 18, 2008 to approve and adopt an amendment to the Articles of Incorporation of First Security authorizing a class of 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, no par value. The proposal passed with 9,494,547 votes in favor, 935,144 votes against and 17,317 abstentions.
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PART II
Item 5. | Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities |
Since August 10, 2005, our common stock has been traded on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol FSGI. On March 6, 2009, there were 1,183 registered holders of record of our common stock. The high and low prices per share were as follows:
| | | | | | | | | |
Quarter | | High | | Low | | Dividend |
2008 | | | | | | | | | |
4th Quarter | | $ | 7.94 | | $ | 4.37 | | $ | 0.05 |
3rd Quarter | | | 7.95 | | | 5.94 | | | 0.05 |
2nd Quarter | | | 9.70 | | | 5.57 | | | 0.05 |
1st Quarter | | | 9.25 | | | 7.06 | | | 0.05 |
| | | |
2007 | | | | | | | | | |
4th Quarter | | $ | 10.43 | | $ | 8.13 | | $ | 0.05 |
3rd Quarter | | | 11.06 | | | 9.75 | | | 0.05 |
2nd Quarter | | | 11.74 | | | 10.30 | | | 0.05 |
1st Quarter | | | 12.25 | | | 10.65 | | | 0.05 |
It is the policy of the Federal Reserve Board that bank holding companies should pay cash dividends on common stock only out of net income available over the past year and only if prospective earnings retention is consistent with the organization’s expected future needs and financial condition. The policy provides that bank holding companies should not maintain a level of cash dividends that undermines the bank holding company’s ability to serve as a source of strength to its banking subsidiaries. For a foreseeable period of time, our principal source of cash will be dividends and management fees paid by FSGBank to us. There are certain restrictions on these payments imposed by federal banking laws, regulations and authorities.
The declaration and payment of dividends on our common stock will depend upon our earnings and financial condition, liquidity and capital requirements, the general economic and regulatory climate, our ability to service any equity or debt obligations senior to our common stock and other factors deemed relevant by our Board of Directors. Currently, an aggregate of approximately $2.0 million plus year-to-date 2009 FSGBank earnings is available for payment of dividends by FSGBank to us under applicable regulatory restrictions, without regulatory approval. Regulatory authorities could impose administratively stricter limitations on the ability of FSGBank to pay dividends to us if such limits were deemed appropriate to preserve certain capital adequacy requirements.
On November 28, 2007, our Board of Directors authorized a plan to repurchase up to 500,000 shares of our common stock in open market transactions, with the specific timing and amount of repurchases based on market conditions, securities law limitations, and other factors. All repurchases are made with our cash resources, and may be suspended or discontinued at any time without prior notice. On April 21, 2008, this repurchase program was suspended. As of the suspension date, we had repurchased 358 thousand shares at a weighted average price of $7.82.
On July 23, 2008, our Board of Directors approved a loan in the amount of $10.0 million from First Security Group, Inc. to First Security Group, Inc. 401(k) and Employee Stock Ownership Plan (401(k) and ESOP Plan). The purpose of the loan is to purchase Company shares in open market transactions. The shares will be used for future Company matching contributions within the 401(k) and ESOP Plan. As of December 31, 2008, the plan had purchased 451,876 shares at a weighted average price of $6.71. The purchase program may be suspended or discontinued at any time without prior notice.
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The following table presents information regarding purchases by First Security and the affiliated purchasers of our common stock during the fourth quarter of 2008.
| | | | | | | | | | |
Period | | Total Number of Shares Purchased | | Average Price Paid per Share | | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs | | Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs | |
October 1, 2008—October 31, 2008 | | 166,655 | | $ | 7.15 | | 166,655 | | N/A | 1 |
November 1, 2008—November 30, 2008 | | 84,900 | | $ | 7.07 | | 84,900 | | N/A | 1 |
December 1, 2008—December 31, 2008 | | 137,800 | | $ | 5.49 | | 137,800 | | N/A | 1 |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | 389,355 | | | | | 389,355 | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
1 | The 401(k) and ESOP may purchase an unspecified number of shares up to a purchase cost of $10.0 million, of which $7.0 million is still available as of December 31, 2008. |
![](https://capedge.com/proxy/10-K/0001193125-09-053816/g65290g24i27.jpg)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Period Ending |
Index | | 12/31/03 | | 12/31/04 | | 12/31/05 | | 12/31/06 | | 12/31/07 | | 12/31/08 |
First Security Group, Inc. | | 100.00 | | 100.00 | | 117.15 | | 140.21 | | 111.30 | | 58.81 |
NASDAQ Composite | | 100.00 | | 108.59 | | 110.08 | | 120.56 | | 132.39 | | 78.72 |
SNL Bank NASDAQ | | 100.00 | | 114.61 | | 111.12 | | 124.75 | | 97.94 | | 71.13 |
SNL Southeast Bank | | 100.00 | | 118.59 | | 121.39 | | 142.34 | | 107.23 | | 43.41 |
33
Item 6. | Selected Financial Data |
Our selected financial data is presented below as of and for the years ended December 31, 2004 through 2008. The selected financial data presented below as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 and for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2008, are derived from our audited financial statements and related notes included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes, along with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” beginning on page 39. The selected financial data as of December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 and for the two years ended December 31, 2005 have been derived from our audited financial statements that are not included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Certain of the measures set forth below are non-GAAP financial measures under the rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC. For a discussion of management’s reasons to present such data and a reconciliation to GAAP, please see “GAAP Reconciliation and Management Explanation for Non-GAAP Financial Measures” on page 36.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | As of and for the Years Ended December 31, | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | (dollar amounts in thousands, except per share amounts) | |
Earnings:(1) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net interest income | | $ | 45,227 | | | $ | 48,922 | | | $ | 47,982 | | | $ | 40,441 | | | $ | 28,830 | |
Provision for loan and lease losses | | | 15,753 | | | | 2,155 | | | | 2,184 | | | | 2,922 | | | | 3,399 | |
Non-interest income | | | 11,682 | | | | 11,300 | | | | 10,617 | | | | 8,847 | | | | 6,544 | |
Non-interest expense(6) | | | 40,382 | | | | 41,441 | | | | 40,017 | | | | 35,373 | | | | 27,128 | |
Net income, before extraordinary items(6) | | | 1,361 | | | | 11,356 | | | | 11,112 | | | | 7,396 | | | | 3,482 | |
Extraordinary items, net of tax(5) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 2,175 | | | | 785 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income(6) | | $ | 1,361 | | | $ | 11,356 | | | $ | 11,112 | | | $ | 9,571 | | | $ | 4,267 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Earnings—Normalized:(1) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Non-interest income, adjusted(3) | | $ | 11,682 | | | $ | 11,300 | | | $ | 10,617 | | | $ | 8,420 | | | $ | 6,544 | |
Non-interest expense, adjusted(3)(6) | | | 40,382 | | | | 41,441 | | | | 39,953 | | | | 34,436 | | | | 27,128 | |
Net operating income, net of tax(6) | | | 1,361 | | | | 11,356 | | | | 11,156 | | | | 7,742 | | | | 3,482 | |
| | | | | |
Per Share Data:(1) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income, before extraordinary items, basic | | $ | 0.08 | | | $ | 0.67 | | | $ | 0.64 | | | $ | 0.51 | | | $ | 0.28 | |
Net income, basic | | | 0.08 | | | | 0.67 | | | | 0.64 | | | | 0.65 | | | | 0.34 | |
Net income, before extraordinary item, diluted | | | 0.08 | | | | 0.66 | | | | 0.63 | | | | 0.50 | | | | 0.27 | |
Net income, diluted | | | 0.08 | | | | 0.66 | | | | 0.63 | | | | 0.64 | | | | 0.33 | |
Cash dividends declared | | | 0.20 | | | | 0.20 | | | | 0.13 | | | | 0.03 | | | | — | |
Book value | | | 8.78 | | | | 8.80 | | | | 8.15 | | | | 7.84 | | | | 6.80 | |
Tangible book value | | | 6.98 | | | | 6.99 | | | | 6.39 | | | | 6.00 | | | | 5.60 | |
| | | | | |
Per Share Data—Normalized:(1) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net operating income, basic(3) | | $ | 0.08 | | | $ | 0.67 | | | $ | 0.64 | | | $ | 0.53 | | | $ | 0.28 | |
Net operating income, diluted(3) | | | 0.08 | | | | 0.66 | | | | 0.63 | | | | 0.52 | | | | 0.27 | |
| | | | | |
Performance Ratios:(1) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Return on average assets(2) | | | 0.11 | % | | | 0.97 | % | | | 1.03 | % | | | 0.83 | % | | | 0.51 | % |
Return on average equity(2) | | | 0.92 | % | | | 7.75 | % | | | 7.91 | % | | | 6.88 | % | | | 4.16 | % |
Return on average tangible assets(2) | | | 0.11 | % | | | 1.00 | % | | | 1.06 | % | | | 0.85 | % | | | 0.53 | % |
Return on average tangible equity(2) | | | 1.15 | % | | | 9.81 | % | | | 10.22 | % | | | 8.45 | % | | | 5.10 | % |
Net interest margin, taxable equivalent | | | 4.07 | % | | | 4.79 | % | | | 5.09 | % | | | 5.15 | % | | | 4.83 | % |
Efficiency ratio(2) | | | 70.96 | % | | | 68.81 | % | | | 68.29 | % | | | 71.77 | % | | | 76.69 | % |
Non-interest income to net interest income and non-interest income(2) | | | 20.53 | % | | | 18.76 | % | | | 18.12 | % | | | 17.95 | % | | | 18.50 | % |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | As of and for the Years Ended December 31, | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | (dollar amounts in thousands, except per share amounts) | |
| | | | | |
Performance Ratios—Normalized:(1) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating return on average assets(3) | | | 0.11 | % | | | 0.97 | % | | | 1.03 | % | | | 0.87 | % | | | 0.51 | % |
Operating return on average equity(3) | | | 0.92 | % | | | 7.75 | % | | | 7.94 | % | | | 7.20 | % | | | 4.16 | % |
Operating return on average tangible assets(3) | | | 0.11 | % | | | 1.00 | % | | | 1.06 | % | | | 0.89 | % | | | 0.53 | % |
Operating return on average tangible equity(3) | | | 1.15 | % | | | 9.81 | % | | | 10.26 | % | | | 8.84 | % | | | 5.10 | % |
Core efficiency ratio(4) | | | 66.95 | % | | | 64.05 | % | | | 64.27 | % | | | 66.34 | % | | | 73.04 | % |
Non-interest income, adjusted to net interest income and non-interest income, adjusted(3) | | | 20.53 | % | | | 18.76 | % | | | 18.12 | % | | | 17.23 | % | | | 18.50 | % |
| | | | | |
Capital & Liquidity:(1) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total equity to total assets | | | 11.30 | % | | | 12.19 | % | | | 12.82 | % | | | 13.30 | % | | | 11.28 | % |
Tangible equity to tangible assets | | | 9.20 | % | | | 9.93 | % | | | 10.33 | % | | | 10.51 | % | | | 9.47 | % |
Dividend payout ratio | | | 239.02 | % | | | 30.06 | % | | | 19.50 | % | | | 4.61 | % | | | — | |
Total loans to total deposits | | | 93.99 | % | | | 105.59 | % | | | 91.93 | % | | | 86.90 | % | | | 92.48 | % |
| | | | | |
Asset Quality:(1) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net charge-offs | | $ | 9,300 | | | $ | 1,129 | | | $ | 2,215 | | | $ | 2,374 | | | $ | 2,925 | |
Net loans charged-off to average loans | | | 0.93 | % | | | 0.12 | % | | | 0.28 | % | | | 0.36 | % | | | 0.57 | % |
Non-accrual loans | | $ | 18,453 | | | $ | 3,372 | | | $ | 2,653 | | | $ | 1,314 | | | $ | 985 | |
Other real estate owned | | $ | 7,145 | | | $ | 2,452 | | | $ | 1,982 | | | $ | 1,552 | | | $ | 2,338 | |
Repossessed assets | | $ | 1,680 | | | $ | 1,834 | | | $ | 2,231 | | | $ | 1,891 | | | $ | 2,472 | |
Non-performing assets (NPA) | | $ | 27,278 | | | $ | 7,658 | | | $ | 6,866 | | | $ | 4,757 | | | $ | 5,795 | |
NPA to total assets | | | 2.14 | % | | | 0.63 | % | | | 0.61 | % | | | 0.46 | % | | | 0.76 | % |
Loans 90 days past due | | $ | 2,706 | | | $ | 2,289 | | | $ | 1,325 | | | $ | 1,042 | | | $ | 1,230 | |
NPA + loans 90 days past due to total assets | | | 2.35 | % | | | 0.82 | % | | | 0.72 | % | | | 0.56 | % | | | 0.92 | % |
Allowance for loan and lease losses to total loans | | | 1.72 | % | | | 1.15 | % | | | 1.18 | % | | | 1.35 | % | | | 1.40 | % |
Allowance for loan and lease losses to NPA | | | 63.73 | % | | | 143.07 | % | | | 145.21 | % | | | 212.76 | % | | | 143.43 | % |
| | | | | |
Period End Balances:(1) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loans | | $ | 1,011,584 | | | $ | 953,105 | | | $ | 847,593 | | | $ | 748,659 | | | $ | 592,357 | |
Intangible assets | | | 29,560 | | | | 30,356 | | | | 31,341 | | | | 32,463 | | | | 15,274 | |
Total assets | | | 1,276,227 | | | | 1,211,955 | | | | 1,129,803 | | | | 1,040,692 | | | | 766,691 | |
Deposits | | | 1,076,286 | | | | 902,629 | | | | 922,001 | | | | 861,507 | | | | 640,526 | |
Stockholders’ equity | | | 144,244 | | | | 147,693 | | | | 144,788 | | | | 138,389 | | | | 86,445 | |
Common stock market capitalization | | | 75,860 | | | | 150,640 | | | | 204,796 | | | | 171,950 | | | | 105,833 | |
Full-time equivalent employees | | | 361 | | | | 371 | | | | 369 | | | | 358 | | | | 308 | |
Common shares outstanding | | | 16,420 | | | | 16,775 | | | | 17,762 | | | | 17,654 | | | | 12,705 | |
| | | | | |
Average Balances:(1) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loans | | $ | 997,371 | | | $ | 904,490 | | | $ | 796,866 | | | $ | 657,928 | | | $ | 514,479 | |
Intangible assets | | | 29,948 | | | | 30,838 | | | | 31,699 | | | | 19,924 | | | | 15,296 | |
Total earning assets | | | 1,132,962 | | | | 1,041,078 | | | | 960,966 | | | | 799,109 | | | | 610,585 | |
Total assets | | | 1,258,466 | | | | 1,165,948 | | | | 1,081,375 | | | | 866,946 | | | | 676,381 | |
Deposits | | | 956,994 | | | | 924,587 | | | | 887,319 | | | | 734,869 | | | | 559,695 | |
Stockholders’ equity | | | 148,655 | | | | 146,582 | | | | 140,467 | | | | 107,499 | | | | 83,630 | |
Shares outstanding—basic | | | 16,021 | | | | 16,959 | | | | 17,315 | | | | 14,618 | | | | 12,705 | |
Shares outstanding—diluted | | | 16,143 | | | | 17,293 | | | | 17,680 | | | | 14,910 | | | | 12,912 | |
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(1) | Data includes our consolidated financial statements, including the following from their date of acquisition: Kenesaw Leasing and J&S Leasing in October 2004; and Jackson Bank & Trust in August 2005. |
(2) | These ratios are calculated using net income, before extraordinary items. |
(3) | These amounts and ratios are calculated using net operating income (net of tax) which excludes extraordinary items as defined by GAAP and certain non-recurring items. Since these items and their impact on First Security’s performance are difficult to predict, management believes presentation of financial measures excluding the impact of these items provide useful supplemental information that is important for a proper understanding of the operating results of First Security’s core business. Refer to the following non-GAAP reconciliation table for a detail of the non-recurring items. |
(4) | The core efficiency ratio is calculated on a fully tax equivalent basis excluding non-recurring items (see footnote (3) and non-GAAP reconciliation table) and certain non-cash items, such as amortization of intangibles, gain or losses on investment securities and gains, losses, and write-downs on foreclosed and repossessed properties. Management utilizes this ratio as a key performance measure for First Security’s core results. This ratio provides management with information of the relationship between noninterest expense as compared with net interest income and noninterest income. |
(5) | The extraordinary gains were recognized in conjunction with our acquisition of Kenesaw Leasing and J&S Leasing effective October 1, 2004. |
(6) | Includes amortization expense of $602 thousand, $760 thousand, $1,021 thousand, $806 thousand and $797 thousand for core deposit intangibles for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Core deposit intangibles represent the premiums paid for acquisitions core deposits and are amortized on an accelerated basis over 10 years. Also includes $92 thousand, $50 thousand, $50 thousand, $50 thousand and $8 thousand for licensing fee amortization for December 31, 2008, 2007, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively and $102 thousand, $175 thousand, $175 thousand and $73 thousand for non-compete amortization for December 31, 2008, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. |
GAAP Reconciliation and Management Explanation for Non-GAAP Financial Measures
The information set forth above contains certain financial information determined by methods other than in accordance with GAAP. Management uses these “non-GAAP” measures in their analysis of First Security’s performance. Non-GAAP measures typically adjust GAAP performance measures to exclude the effects of charges, expenses and gains related to the consummation of mergers and acquisitions and costs related to the integration of merged entities. These non-GAAP measures may also exclude other significant gains, losses or expenses that are unusual in nature and not expected to recur. Since these items and their impact on our performance are difficult to predict, management believes presentations of financial measures excluding the impact of these items provide useful supplemental information that is important for a proper understanding of the operating results of our core business. Additionally, management utilizes measures involving a tangible basis which exclude the impact of intangible assets such as goodwill and core deposit intangibles. As these assets are normally created through acquisitions and not through normal recurring operations, management believes that the exclusion of these items presents a more comparable assessment of the aforementioned measures on a recurring basis.
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These disclosures should not be viewed as a substitute for operating results determined in accordance with GAAP, nor are they necessarily comparable to non-GAAP performance measures that may be presented by other companies. The following table provides a more detailed analysis of these non-GAAP performance measures.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | As of and for the Years Ended December 31, | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
Return on average assets | | 0.11 | % | | 0.97 | % | | 1.03 | % | | 0.83 | % | | 0.51 | % |
Effect of intangible assets | | — | | | 0.03 | % | | 0.03 | % | | 0.02 | % | | 0.02 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Return on average tangible assets | | 0.11 | % | | 1.00 | % | | 1.06 | % | | 0.85 | % | | 0.53 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Return on average equity | | 0.92 | % | | 7.75 | % | | 7.91 | % | | 6.88 | % | | 4.16 | % |
Effect of intangible assets | | 0.23 | % | | 2.06 | % | | 2.31 | % | | 1.57 | % | | 0.94 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Return on average tangible equity | | 1.15 | % | | 9.81 | % | | 10.22 | % | | 8.45 | % | | 5.10 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Return on average assets | | 0.11 | % | | 0.97 | % | | 1.03 | % | | 0.83 | % | | 0.51 | % |
Effect of non-recurring items | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 0.04 | % | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating return on average assets | | 0.11 | % | | 0.97 | % | | 1.03 | % | | 0.87 | % | | 0.51 | % |
Effect of average intangible assets | | — | | | 0.03 | % | | 0.03 | % | | 0.02 | % | | 0.02 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating return on average tangible assets | | 0.11 | % | | 1.00 | % | | 1.06 | % | | 0.89 | % | | 0.53 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Return on average equity | | 0.92 | % | | 7.75 | % | | 7.91 | % | | 6.88 | % | | 4.16 | % |
Effect of non-recurring items | | — | | | — | | | 0.03 | % | | 0.32 | % | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating return on average equity | | 0.92 | % | | 7.75 | % | | 7.94 | % | | 7.20 | % | | 4.16 | % |
Effect of average intangible assets | | 0.23 | % | | 2.06 | % | | 2.32 | % | | 1.64 | % | | 0.94 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating return on average tangible equity | | 1.15 | % | | 9.81 | % | | 10.26 | % | | 8.84 | % | | 5.10 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total equity to total assets | | 11.30 | % | | 12.19 | % | | 12.82 | % | | 13.30 | % | | 11.28 | % |
Effect of intangible assets | | (2.10 | )% | | (2.26 | )% | | (2.49 | )% | | (2.79 | )% | | (1.81 | )% |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Tangible equity to tangible assets | | 9.20 | % | | 9.93 | % | | 10.33 | % | | 10.51 | % | | 9.47 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Efficiency ratio | | 70.96 | % | | 68.81 | % | | 68.29 | % | | 71.77 | % | | 76.69 | % |
Effect of non-recurring items | | — | | | — | | | (0.11 | )% | | (1.32 | )% | | — | |
Effect of non-cash items | | (2.91 | )% | | (3.74 | )% | | (2.83 | )% | | (3.12 | )% | | (2.66 | )% |
Effect of net interest income, tax equivalent adjustment | | (1.10 | )% | | (1.02 | )% | | (1.08 | )% | | (0.99 | )% | | (0.99 | )% |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Core efficiency ratio | | 66.95 | % | | 64.05 | % | | 64.27 | % | | 66.34 | % | | 73.04 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | As of and for the Years Ended December 31, | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | (in thousands, except per share amounts) | |
Non-interest expense | | $ | 40,382 | | | $ | 41,441 | | | $ | 40,017 | | | $ | 35,373 | | | $ | 27,128 | |
Corporate headquarters relocation costs | | | — | | | | — | | | | (64 | ) | | | — | | | | — | |
Severance | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (157 | ) | | | — | |
Impairment of long-lived assets | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (308 | ) | | | — | |
Jackson Bank & Trust integration costs and other | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (234 | ) | | | — | |
Reinsurance underwriting expense | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (238 | ) | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Non-interest expense, adjusted | | $ | 40,382 | | | $ | 41,441 | | | $ | 39,953 | | | $ | 34,436 | | | $ | 27,128 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Non-interest income | | $ | 11,682 | | | $ | 11,300 | | | $ | 10,617 | | | $ | 8,847 | | | $ | 6,544 | |
Recovery on previously disposed repossessed asset | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (173 | ) | | | — | |
Reinsurance underwriting revenue | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (254 | ) | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Non-interest income, adjusted | | $ | 11,682 | | | $ | 11,300 | | | $ | 10,617 | | | $ | 8,420 | | | $ | 6,544 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 1,361 | | | $ | 11,356 | | | $ | 11,112 | | | $ | 9,571 | | | $ | 4,267 | |
Extraordinary gain, net of tax | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (2,175 | ) | | | (785 | ) |
Non-recurring expenses (income), net of tax | | | — | | | | — | | | | 44 | | | | 346 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net operating income, net of tax | | $ | 1,361 | | | $ | 11,356 | | | $ | 11,156 | | | $ | 7,742 | | | $ | 3,482 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Per Common Share: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Book value | | $ | 8.78 | | | $ | 8.80 | | | $ | 8.15 | | | $ | 7.84 | | | $ | 6.80 | |
Effect of intangible asset | | | (1.80 | ) | | | (1.81 | ) | | | (1.76 | ) | | | (1.84 | ) | | | (1.20 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Tangible book value | | $ | 6.98 | | | $ | 6.99 | | | $ | 6.39 | | | $ | 6.00 | | | $ | 5.60 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income, basic | | $ | 0.08 | | | $ | 0.67 | | | $ | 0.64 | | | $ | 0.65 | | | $ | 0.34 | |
Effect of extraordinary and non-recurring items, net of tax | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (0.12 | ) | | | (0.06 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net operating income, basic | | $ | 0.08 | | | $ | 0.67 | | | $ | 0.64 | | | $ | 0.53 | | | $ | 0.28 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income, diluted | | $ | 0.08 | | | $ | 0.66 | | | $ | 0.63 | | | $ | 0.64 | | | $ | 0.33 | |
Effect of extraordinary and non-recurring items, net of tax | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (0.12 | ) | | | (0.06 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net operating income, diluted | | $ | 0.08 | | | $ | 0.66 | | | $ | 0.63 | | | $ | 0.52 | | | $ | 0.27 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Item 7. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation |
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with “Selected Financial Data” and our consolidated financial statements and notes included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The discussion in this Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties, such as our plans, objectives, expectations, and intentions. The cautionary statements made in this Annual Report on Form 10-K should be read as applying to all related forward-looking statements wherever they appear in this Annual Report. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Year Ended December 31, 2008
The following discussion and analysis sets forth the major factors that affected First Security’s financial condition as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and results of operations for the three years ended December 31, 2008 as reflected in the audited financial statements.
Recent Regulatory Events
In response to the financial crisis affecting the banking system and financial markets, on October 3, 2008, the $700 billion Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (EESA) was signed into law. On October 14, 2008, pursuant to EESA, the U.S. Treasury announced that it would purchase equity stakes in a wide variety of banks and thrifts.
Under this program, known as the Troubled Asset Relief Program Capital Purchase Program (TARP CPP), the Treasury will make up to $250 billion of capital available to U.S. financial institutions in the form of preferred stock, from the $700 billion authorized by the EESA. In conjunction with the purchase of preferred stock, the Treasury will receive warrants to purchase common stock with an aggregate market price equal to 15% of the preferred investment. Participating financial institutions will be required to adopt the Treasury’s standards for executive compensation and corporate governances for periods during which the Treasury holds equity issued under the TARP CPP.
On January 9, 2009, as part of the TARP CPP, we agreed to issue and sell, and the Treasury agreed to purchase (1) 33,000 shares (Preferred Shares) of our Fixed Rate Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A, having a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share, and (2) a ten-year warrant to purchase up to 823,627 shares of our common stock, $0.01 par value, at an exercise price of $6.01 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $33,000 thousand in cash.
The Preferred Shares qualify as Tier 1 capital and will pay cumulative dividends at a rate of 5% per annum for the first five years and 9% per annum thereafter. Dividends are payable quarterly on February 15, May 15, August 15 and November 15 of each year.
On February 25, 2009, the Treasury announced an additional program to purchase equity stakes in banks and thrifts, known as the Troubled Asset Relief Program Capital Assistance Program (TARP CAP). Under TARP CAP, the Treasury will purchase preferred stock that is convertible into common stock. In conjunction with the purchase of preferred stock, the Treasury will receive warrants to purchase common stock with an aggregate market price equal to 20% of the preferred investment. Companies participating in the TARP CAP may also convert any preferred shares issued under the TARP CPP into convertible preferred shares under the TARP CAP. The deadline to apply to participate in the TARP CAP is May 25, 2009. We have not decided whether to apply under the TARP CAP.
Overview
As of December 31, 2008, we had total consolidated assets of approximately $1.3 billion, total loans of approximately $1.0 billion, total deposits of approximately $1.1 billion and stockholders’ equity of approximately $144.2 million. In 2008, our net income was $1.4 million, resulting in basic and diluted net income of $0.08 per share.
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As of December 31, 2007, we had total consolidated assets of approximately $1.2 billion, total loans of approximately $953.1 million, total deposits of approximately $902.6 million and stockholders’ equity of approximately $147.7 million. In 2007, our net income was $11.4 million, resulting in basic and diluted net income of $0.67 and $0.66 per share, respectively.
Net interest income for 2008 decreased by $3.7 million while noninterest income increased by $382 thousand. Non-interest expense for 2008 decreased by $1.1 million as compared to 2007. Provision expense increased by $13.6 million for 2008. Excluding the available-for-sale gains in 2008 and the other-than-temporary impairment and the securities losses in 2007, non-interest income decreased $516 thousand. The decline in net interest income is primarily a result of the rate cuts by the Federal Reserve that started in September 2007. Consistent with our approach to control expenses, noninterest expense decreased through reductions in salaries and benefits, furniture and equipment expenses, and printing and supplies expense. Full-time equivalent employees were 361 at December 31, 2008 and 371 at December 31, 2007.
Our efficiency ratio in 2008 increased to 71.0% versus 68.8% in 2007 and 68.3% in 2006. The efficiency ratio for 2008 increased as a result of the $3.7 million decline in net interest income offsetting the increase in noninterest income and decrease of $1.1 million in noninterest expense. We anticipate our efficiency ratio to be consistent for 2009 as the full effect of the 2008 rate cuts will continue to negatively affect our net interest income as well as the additional expense associated with the planned opening of a de novo branch in Hixson, Tennessee in the middle of 2009.
Net interest margin in 2008 was 4.07% or 72 basis points lower as compared to the prior period of 4.79%. The net interest margin of our peer group (as reported on the December 31, 2008 Uniform Bank Performance Report) was 3.69% and 3.95% for 2008 and 2007, respectively. As expected, our margin declined due to the easing of the federal funds target rate by the Federal Reserve Board which reduced our yield on earning assets faster than the reduction in the rates paid on deposits. Through December 31, 2008, the Federal Reserve Board has reduced the target federal funds target rate by 400 basis points since December 31, 2007 and a total of 500 basis points since September 2007. We anticipate our margin will stabilize during 2009. Our margin for 2009 will be dependent on our ability to raise core deposits, our growth rate in loans, and any possible further actions by the Federal Reserve Board.
On July 15, 2008, the Volkswagen Group of America, Inc. announced plans to build a $1 billion automobile production facility in Chattanooga, Tennessee. The plant will bring about 2,000 direct jobs, including approximately 400 white-collar jobs, and up to 12,000 indirect jobs to the region. On February 26, 2009, Wacker Chemie AG announced plans to build a $1 billion chemical plant in Cleveland, Tennessee. The plant is expected to initially employ nearly 600 people. We believe the positive economic impact on Chattanooga and the surrounding region will be significant from these new investments. We believe these projects will help stabilize and possibly increase real estate values, as well as provide increased overall economic activity in the region.
On November 6, 2008, our Board of Directors approved an amendment to our Articles of Incorporation authorizing up to 10,000,000 shares of blank check preferred stock. The amendment was approved by our shareholders on December 18, 2008.
Critical Accounting Policies
Our accounting and reporting policies are in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and conform to general practices within the banking industry. Critical accounting policies include the initial adoption of an accounting policy that has a material impact on our financial presentation as well as accounting estimates reflected in our financial statements that require us to make estimates and assumptions about matters that were highly uncertain at the time. Disclosure about critical estimates is required if different estimates that we reasonably could have used in the current period would have a material impact on the presentation of our financial condition, changes in financial condition or results of
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operations. Accounting policies related to the allowance for loan and lease losses, fair value, and the impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets each represent a critical accounting estimate.
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses
The allowance for loan and lease losses is established and maintained at levels management deems adequate to absorb credit losses inherent in the portfolio as of the balance sheet date. The level is based on past loan loss experience, known and inherent risks in the portfolio, adverse situations that may affect a borrower’s ability to repay, underlying estimated values of collateral securing loans, current economic conditions and other factors.
Our financial results are affected by the changes and absolute level of the allowance for loan and lease losses. The quarterly analysis involves complex internal and external variables, and it requires that we exercise judgment to estimate an appropriate allowance. As a result of uncertainty associated with the subjectivity, we cannot assure the precision of the amount reserved, should we experience sizable loan or lease losses in any particular period. For example, changes in the financial condition of individual borrowers, economic conditions or the various markets in which collateral may be sold could require us to significantly decrease or increase the level of the allowance. Such an adjustment could materially affect net income as a result of the change in provision for loan and lease losses. During 2008, we experienced considerable quarterly increases in our provision due to declining economic conditions, increases in nonperforming assets and several significant charge-offs. Should any of these factors change, the estimate of credit losses in the loan portfolio and the related allowance would also change. Refer to the “Provision for Loan and Lease Losses” section for a discussion of our methodology of establishing the allowance for loan and lease losses.
Estimates of Fair Value
We measure or monitor many of our assets and liabilities on a fair value basis. Fair value is used on a recurring basis for certain assets and liabilities in which fair value is the primary basis of accounting. The extent to which we use fair value on a recurring basis was significantly expanded upon the adoption of SFAS 159 as of January 1, 2007. Examples of recurring uses of fair value include available-for-sale securities and held for sale loans. Additionally, fair value is used on a non-recurring basis to evaluate assets and liabilities for impairment or for disclosure purposes in accordance with SFAS 107. Examples of these non-recurring uses of fair value include other real estate owned, goodwill, intangible assets and other long-lived assets. Depending on the nature of the asset or liability, we use various valuation techniques and assumptions when estimating fair value. These valuation techniques and assumptions are in accordance with SFAS 157 and when applicable, FSP FAS 157-3.
Fair value is the price that could be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. Estimating fair value in accordance with SFAS 157 requires that we make a number of significant judgments. Where observable market prices for identical assets or liabilities are not available, SFAS 157 requires that we identify, what we believe to be, similar assets or liabilities. This is known as Level 2 pricing. If observable market prices are unavailable or impracticable to obtain for any such similar assets or liabilities, then fair value is estimated using modeling techniques, such as discounted cash flow analysis These modeling techniques incorporate our assessments regarding assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or the liability, including market-based assumptions, such as interest rates, as well as assumptions about the risks inherent in a particular valuation technique, the effect of a restriction on the sale or use of an asset, and the risk of nonperformance. In certain cases, our assessments with respect to assumptions that market participants would make may be inherently difficult to determine and the use of different assumptions could result in material changes to these fair value measurements. This is known as Level 3 pricing. The use of SFAS 157 is described in Note 16 to our consolidated financial statements.
In estimating fair value for available-for-sale securities and derivative cash flow swaps, we believe that independent, third-party market prices are the best evidence of exit price. If such third-party market prices are not available on the exact securities that we own, fair value is based on the market prices of similar instruments,
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third-party broker quotes or is estimated using industry-standard or proprietary models whose inputs may be unobservable. The fair value of held for sale loans is based on observable market prices in the secondary loan market.
The fair value of other real estate owned is typically determined based on recent appraisals by third-parties, less estimated selling costs. The fair value of repossession is typically determined based on the current pricing in the secondary market. For both other real estate owned and repossessions, changes in economic, real estate and supply and demand conditions can significantly change the fair value. Estimates of fair value are also required when evaluating impairment of goodwill, other intangible assets and long-lived assets.
Changes in the estimates and assumptions used to evaluate fair value may have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements, results of operations or liquidity.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
We periodically review the carrying values of intangible assets not subject to amortization, including goodwill, to determine whether an impairment exists. Statement of Financial Standards No. 142,Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, prescribes the accounting for goodwill and intangible assets subsequent to initial recognition. These assets are subject to at least an annual impairment review and more frequently if certain impairment indicators are in evidence. The impairment assessment primarily uses discounted cash flow analysis, which requires assumptions about short and long-term net cash flow growth, as well as discount rates. The assessment also uses market data, including recent, similar bank acquisition transactions. Changes in the estimates and assumptions used to evaluate impairment may have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements, results of operations or liquidity.
Results of Operations
We reported net income for 2008 of $1.4 million versus net income for 2007 of $11.4 million and net income for 2006 of $11.1 million. In 2008, basic net income per share was $0.08 on approximately 16.0 million shares and diluted net income per share was $0.08 on approximately 16.1 million weighted average shares outstanding. In 2007, basic net income per share was $0.67 on approximately 17.0 million shares and diluted net income per share was $0.66 on approximately 17.3 million weighted average shares outstanding. In 2006, basic net income per share was $0.64 on approximately 17.3 million shares and diluted net income per share was $0.63 on approximately 17.7 million weighted average shares outstanding.
Net income in 2008 was significantly below the 2007 level predominately as a result of higher provision expense. Declining margins also resulted in lower net interest income, which was partially offset by lower overhead as a result of our efforts to control expenses. As of December 31, 2008, we had 39 banking offices, including the headquarters, three leasing/loan production offices and 361 full time equivalent employees. Although we expect to continue to expand our branch network and our employee force in 2009, we are mindful of the fact that growth and increasing the number of branches adds expenses (such as administrative costs and occupancy, salaries and benefits expenses) before earnings.
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The following table summarizes the components of income and expense and the changes in those components for the past three years.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income For the Years Ended December 31, | |
| | 2008 | | | Change From Prior Year | | | Percent Change | | | 2007 | | Change From Prior Year | | | Percent Change | | | 2006 | | Change From Prior Year | | | Percent Change | |
| | (dollar amounts in thousands) | |
Gross interest income | | $ | 76,088 | | | $ | (7,435 | ) | | (8.9 | )% | | $ | 83,523 | | $ | 8,396 | | | 11.2 | % | | $ | 75,127 | | $ | 18,823 | | | 33.4 | % |
Gross interest expense | | | 30,861 | | | | (3,740 | ) | | (10.8 | )% | | | 34,601 | | | 7,456 | | | 27.5 | % | | | 27,145 | | | 11,282 | | | 71.1 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net interest income | | | 45,227 | | | | (3,695 | ) | | (7.6 | )% | | | 48,922 | | | 940 | | | 2.0 | % | | | 47,982 | | | 7,541 | | | 18.6 | % |
Provision for loan and lease losses | | | 15,753 | | | | 13,598 | | | 631.0 | % | | | 2,155 | | | (29 | ) | | (1.3 | )% | | | 2,184 | | | (738 | ) | | (25.3 | )% |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net interest income after provision for loan and lease losses | | | 29,474 | | | | (17,293 | ) | | (37.0 | )% | | | 46,767 | | | 969 | | | 2.1 | % | | | 45,798 | | | 8,279 | | | 22.1 | % |
Noninterest income | | | 11,682 | | | | 382 | | | 3.4 | % | | | 11,300 | | | 683 | | | 6.4 | % | | | 10,617 | | | 1,770 | | | 20.0 | % |
Noninterest expense | | | 40,382 | | | | (1,059 | ) | | (2.6 | )% | | | 41,441 | | | 1,424 | | | 3.6 | % | | | 40,017 | | | 4,644 | | | 13.1 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income before income taxes | | | 774 | | | | (15,852 | ) | | (95.3 | )% | | | 16,626 | | | 228 | | | 1.4 | % | | | 16,398 | | | 5,405 | | | 49.2 | % |
Income tax (benefit) provision | | | (587 | ) | | | (5,857 | ) | | (111.1 | )% | | | 5,270 | | | (16 | ) | | (0.3 | )% | | | 5,286 | | | 1,689 | | | 47.0 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income before extraordinary item | | | 1,361 | | | | (9,995 | ) | | (88.0 | )% | | | 11,356 | | | 244 | | | 2.2 | % | | | 11,112 | | | 3,716 | | | 50.2 | % |
Extraordinary gain on business combination, net of income tax | | | — | | | | — | | | — | | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | | — | | | (2,175 | ) | | (100.0 | )% |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 1,361 | | | $ | (9,995 | ) | | (88.0 | )% | | $ | 11,356 | | $ | 244 | | | 2.2 | % | | $ | 11,112 | | $ | 1,541 | | | 16.1 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Further explanation, with year-to-year comparisons of the income and expense, is provided below.
Net Interest Income
Net interest income (the difference between the interest earned on assets, such as loans and investment securities, and the interest paid on liabilities, such as deposits and other borrowings) is our primary source of operating income. In 2008, net interest income was $45.2 million or 8% less than the 2007 level of $48.9 million, which, in contrast, was 2% more than the 2006 level of $48.0 million.
The level of net interest income is determined primarily by the average balances (volume) of interest earning assets and the various rate spreads between our interest earning assets and our funding sources. Changes in net interest income from period to period result from increases or decreases in the volume of interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities, increases or decreases in the average interest rates earned and paid on such assets and liabilities, the ability to manage the interest earning asset portfolio (which includes loans), and the availability of particular sources of funds, such as noninterest bearing deposits.
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The following table summarizes net interest income on a fully tax-equivalent basis and average yields and rates paid for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006.
Average Consolidated Balance Sheets and Net Interest Analysis
Fully Tax-Equivalent Basis
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the Years Ended, | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
| | Average Balance | | | Income/ Expense | | Yield/ Rate | | | Average Balance | | | Income/ Expense | | Yield/ Rate | | | Average Balance | | | Income/ Expense | | Yield/ Rate | |
| | (dollar amounts in thousands) | |
| | (fully tax-equivalent basis) | |
ASSETS | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Earning assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loans, net of unearned income(1)(2) | | $ | 997,371 | | | $ | 69,863 | | 7.00 | % | | $ | 904,490 | | | $ | 77,309 | | 8.55 | % | | $ | 796,866 | | | $ | 67,996 | | 8.53 | % |
Debt securities—taxable | | | 89,711 | | | | 4,647 | | 5.18 | % | | | 90,093 | | | | 4,545 | | 5.04 | % | | | 114,518 | | | | 5,350 | | 4.67 | % |
Debt securities—non-taxable(2) | | | 42,780 | | | | 2,452 | | 5.73 | % | | | 43,489 | | | | 2,493 | | 5.73 | % | | | 42,673 | | | | 2,448 | | 5.74 | % |
Federal funds sold and other earning assets | | | 3,100 | | | | 49 | | 1.58 | % | | | 3,005 | | | | 134 | | 4.46 | % | | | 6,909 | | | | 306 | | 4.43 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total earning assets | | | 1,132,962 | | | | 77,011 | | 6.80 | % | | | 1,041,077 | | | | 84,481 | | 8.11 | % | | | 960,966 | | | | 76,100 | | 7.92 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Allowance for loan losses | | | (12,030 | ) | | | | | | | | | (10,452 | ) | | | | | | | | | (10,241 | ) | | | | | | |
Intangible assets | | | 29,948 | | | | | | | | | | 30,838 | | | | | | | | | | 31,699 | | | | | | | |
Cash & due from banks | | | 23,280 | | | | | | | | | | 25,841 | | | | | | | | | | 26,125 | | | | | | | |
Premises & equipment | | | 34,429 | | | | | | | | | | 35,799 | | | | | | | | | | 33,060 | | | | | | | |
Other assets | | | 49,880 | | | | | | | | | | 42,845 | | | | | | | | | | 39,766 | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total assets | | $ | 1,258,469 | | | | | | | | | $ | 1,165,948 | | | | | | | | | $ | 1,081,375 | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest bearing liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
NOW accounts | | $ | 63,262 | | | $ | 327 | | 0.52 | % | | $ | 63,983 | | | $ | 536 | | 0.84 | % | | $ | 70,125 | | | $ | 589 | | 0.84 | % |
Money market accounts | | | 103,137 | | | | 2,139 | | 2.07 | % | | | 100,206 | | | | 2,875 | | 2.87 | % | | | 105,557 | | | | 2,574 | | 2.44 | % |
Savings deposits | | | 35,120 | | | | 146 | | 0.42 | % | | | 35,851 | | | | 293 | | 0.82 | % | | | 38,243 | | | | 287 | | 0.75 | % |
Time deposits less than $100 thousand | | | 256,664 | | | | 10,549 | | 4.11 | % | | | 265,099 | | | | 13,021 | | 4.91 | % | | | 245,140 | | | | 10,417 | | 4.25 | % |
Time deposits > $100 thousand | | | 214,705 | | | | 9,310 | | 4.34 | % | | | 216,732 | | | | 11,147 | | 5.14 | % | | | 182,764 | | | | 8,378 | | 4.58 | % |
Brokered CDs and CDARS® | | | 121,736 | | | | 4,735 | | 3.89 | % | | | 76,635 | | | | 3,711 | | 4.84 | % | | | 85,545 | | | | 3,649 | | 4.27 | % |
Brokered money market accounts | | | 4,624 | | | | 74 | | 1.60 | % | | | — | | | | — | | — | % | | | — | | | | — | | — | % |
Federal funds purchased | | | 23,710 | | | | 689 | | 2.91 | % | | | 3,304 | | | | 173 | | 5.24 | % | | | 6,563 | | | | 347 | | 5.29 | % |
Repurchase agreements | | | 34,513 | | | | 835 | | 2.42 | % | | | 27,260 | | | | 734 | | 2.69 | % | | | 19,290 | | | | 395 | | 2.05 | % |
Other borrowings | | | 78,108 | | | | 2,057 | | 2.63 | % | | | 45,683 | | | | 2,111 | | 4.62 | % | | | 12,277 | | | | 509 | | 4.15 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total interest bearing liabilities | | | 935,579 | | | | 30,861 | | 3.30 | % | | | 834,753 | | | | 34,601 | | 4.15 | % | | | 765,504 | | | | 27,145 | | 3.55 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net interest spread | | | | | | $ | 46,150 | | 3.50 | % | | | | | | $ | 49,880 | | 3.96 | % | | | | | | $ | 48,955 | | 4.37 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Noninterest bearing demand deposits | | | 157,746 | | | | | | | | | | 166,081 | | | | | | | | | | 159,945 | | | | | | | |
Accrued expenses and other liabilities | | | 16,489 | | | | | | | | | | 18,532 | | | | | | | | | | 15,459 | | | | | | | |
Stockholders’ equity | | | 144,622 | | | | | | | | | | 146,873 | | | | | | | | | | 142,371 | | | | | | | |
Accumulated other comprehensive gain (loss) | | | 4,033 | | | | | | | | | | (291 | ) | | | | | | | | | (1,904 | ) | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | | $ | 1,258,469 | | | | | | | | | $ | 1,165,948 | | | | | | | | | $ | 1,081,375 | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Impact of noninterest bearing sources and other changes in balance sheet composition | | | | | | | | | 0.57 | % | | | | | | | | | 0.83 | % | | | | | | | | | 0.72 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net interest margin | | | | | | | | | 4.07 | % | | | | | | | | | 4.79 | % | | | | | | | | | 5.09 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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(1) | Nonaccrual loans have been included in the average balance. Only the interest collected on such loans has been included as income. |
(2) | Interest income from securities and loans includes the effects of taxable-equivalent adjustments using a federal income tax rate of approximately 34% for all years reported and where applicable, state income taxes, to increase tax-exempt interest income to a taxable-equivalent basis. The net taxable equivalent adjustment amounts included in the above table were $923 thousand, $958 thousand and $973 thousand for the three years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006. |
The following table shows the relative impact on net interest income to changes in the average outstanding balances (volume) of earning assets and interest bearing liabilities and the rates earned and paid by us on such assets and liabilities. Variances resulting from a combination of changes in rate and volume are allocated in proportion to the absolute dollar amounts of the change in each category.
Change in Interest Income and Expense on a Tax Equivalent Basis
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2008 compared to 2007 increase (decrease) in interest income and expense due to changes in: | | | 2007 compared to 2006 increase (decrease) in interest income and expense due to changes in: | |
| | Volume | | | Rate | | | Total | | | Volume | | | Rate | | | Total | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Earning assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loans, net of unearned income | | $ | 7,939 | | | $ | (15,385 | ) | | $ | (7,446 | ) | | $ | 9,183 | | | $ | 130 | | | $ | 9,313 | |
Debt Securities—taxable | | | (19 | ) | | | 121 | | | | 102 | | | | (1,141 | ) | | | 336 | | | | (805 | ) |
Debt Securities—non-taxable | | | (41 | ) | | | — | | | | (41 | ) | | | 47 | | | | (2 | ) | | | 45 | |
Federal funds sold and other earning assets | | | 4 | | | | (89 | ) | | | (85 | ) | | | (173 | ) | | | 1 | | | | (172 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total earning assets | | | 7,883 | | | | (15,353 | ) | | | (7,470 | ) | | | 7,916 | | | | 465 | | | | 8,381 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest bearing liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
NOW accounts | | | (6 | ) | | | (203 | ) | | | (209 | ) | | | (52 | ) | | | (1 | ) | | | (53 | ) |
Money market accounts | | | 84 | | | | (820 | ) | | | (736 | ) | | | (130 | ) | | | 431 | | | | 301 | |
Savings deposits | | | (6 | ) | | | (141 | ) | | | (147 | ) | | | (18 | ) | | | 24 | | | | 6 | |
Time deposits less than $100 thousand | | | (414 | ) | | | (2,058 | ) | | | (2,472 | ) | | | 848 | | | | 1,756 | | | | 2,604 | |
Time deposits > $100 | | | (104 | ) | | | (1,733 | ) | | | (1,837 | ) | | | 1,557 | | | | 1,212 | | | | 2,769 | |
Brokered CDs and CDARS® | | | 2,184 | | | | (1,160 | ) | | | 1,024 | | | | (380 | ) | | | 442 | | | | 62 | |
Brokered money market accounts | | | 74 | | | | — | | | | 74 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
Federal funds purchased | | | 1,068 | | | | (552 | ) | | | 516 | | | | (172 | ) | | | (2 | ) | | | (174 | ) |
Repurchase agreements | | | 195 | | | | (94 | ) | | | 101 | | | | 163 | | | | 176 | | | | 339 | |
Other borrowings | | | 1,498 | | | | (1,552 | ) | | | (54 | ) | | | 1,385 | | | | 217 | | | | 1,602 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total interest bearing liabilities | | | 4,573 | | | | (8,313 | ) | | | (3,740 | ) | | | 3,201 | | | | 4,255 | | | | 7,456 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Increase (decrease) in net interest income | | $ | 3,310 | | | $ | (7,040 | ) | | $ | (3,730 | ) | | $ | 4,715 | | | $ | (3,790 | ) | | $ | 925 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Interest Income—Volume and Rate Changes
Interest income in 2008 was $76.1 million, a 9% decrease over the 2007 level of $83.5 million, which was an 11% increase over the 2006 level of $75.1 million. For 2008, average interest-earning assets increased 9% to $1.1 billion. However, the associated increase in earnings from the higher volumes was offset by the decline in the yields of earning assets, as discussed in further details below. The increase in interest income from 2006 to 2007 was due to increases in the volume of earning assets and a shift in the earning asset mix from investment securities and federal funds sold to our higher yielding loan portfolio. Average loans in 2008 were $997.4 million, an increase of $92.9 million, or 10%. All other earning assets were $135.6 million, a decrease of $996 thousand, or 1%. Total average earning assets in 2008 were $1.1 billion, an increase of $91.9 million, or 9%, from 2007 average earning assets. Our increase in loans year-over-year in 2008 was funded by the deposit gathering activities at FSGBank, the use of alternative funding through brokered deposits and the shifting mix of earning assets.
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Offsetting the additional earnings from increased volumes were the decreases in yield on earning assets. The tax equivalent yield on earning assets decreased 131 basis points in 2008 to 6.80% from 8.11% in 2007, which was 19 basis points higher than 2006. The reduction in yield on loans for 2008 was 155 basis points, which was a result of the cuts in the federal fund rate. From September 2007 to December 2008, the Federal Reserve Board reduced the target federal funds rate by 500 basis points to a target rate of 0.25%. Throughout the last twelve months, we had an asset sensitive balance sheet, which causes interest income to decline faster than interest expense. The changes in the yield rates from 2006 to 2007 relate to (1) our changing the mix of earning assets, (2) the fourth quarter 2006 sale of approximately $9.8 million of investment securities with an average yield of 3.65% and (3) the second quarter 2007 sale of approximately $27.0 million of securities with an average yield of approximately 4.32%. The proceeds from the 2007 sale of the securities were used to de-leverage a portion of our balance sheet by reducing our overnight borrowings, which eliminated negative spread.
Total interest expense was $30.9 million in 2008 compared to $34.6 million in 2007 and $27.1 million in 2006. Interest expense for 2008 decreased due to the reduced cost of funds despite the additional volumes of interest bearing liabilities. The increase in interest expense from 2006 to 2007 was primarily due to rising interest rates caused by competitive pressures and the increases in the target federal funds rate in 2006, combined with the additional volume of interest bearing liabilities. Average interest bearing liabilities increased $100.8 million, or 12%, to $935.6 million for 2008. Comparing 2008 to 2007, average brokered deposits increased by $49.7 million, or 65%, average other borrowings increased by $32.4 million, or 71%, and average Federal Funds purchased increased by $20.4 million from $3.3 million to $23.7 million. These increases in non-core deposits were primarily used to fund our loan growth for 2008. Average interest bearing liabilities increased $69.2 million, or 9%, in 2007 compared to 2006. The increase in 2007 is primarily due to increases in retail and in-market jumbo time deposits and the use of other borrowings, including the FHLB overnight borrowings.
Offsetting the additional expense from increased volumes were the decreases in rates paid on interest bearing liabilities. Total interest expense for 2008 declined by $3.7 million as compared to 2007. Increases in volume for 2008 contributed $4.6 million in additional interest expense as compared to 2007, while the decline in the rates paid reduced interest expense by $8.3 million. Deposit pricing, especially for time deposits, typically lags changes in the target federal funds rate, and therefore we realized a consistent but gradual reduction in our costs of deposits throughout 2008. The average rate paid on average interest bearing liabilities for 2008 decreased by 85 basis points from 4.15% to 3.30%. During the first half of 2008, overnight borrowings, including advances from the FHLB and Federal Funds purchased, were our primary source of funding as we decided not to replace other maturing deposits as deposit rates were continuing to decline. Overnight borrowings reprice daily, and since the Federal Reserve Bank was decreasing target interest rates, we were able to reduce future interest expense by delaying the replacement of other maturing deposits. During the second half of 2008, we decided to improve our contingent funding plans and significantly reduced our overnight borrowings and replaced them with brokered deposits. By December 31, 2008, we had reduced our overnight borrowings to $14.0 million, which is 86% less than the 2008 average balance for overnight borrowings. The average rate paid on average interest bearing liabilities increased 60 basis points to 4.15% for 2007 from 3.55% in 2006. Our rate increases in 2007 were a reflection of the market conditions and a greater reliance on higher cost non-core funding.
We expect average earnings assets for 2009 to be comparable to the 2008 levels while the average rate will continue to decline as the full impact of the reductions in the target federal fund rate will be realized for the entire year of 2009. We expect average interest bearing liabilities to be comparable with more reliance on brokered deposits and less reliance on Federal Funds purchased and other borrowings. Rates paid on deposits are expected to continue to decline, however, competitive pressures and our potential inability to raise core deposits, which could result in an increased use of higher cost alternative funding, may partially offset the impact of the declining rates.
Net Interest Income—Net Interest Spread and Net Interest Margin
The banking industry uses two key ratios to measure relative profitability of net interest income: net interest rate spread and net interest margin. The net interest rate spread measures the difference between the average
46
yield on earning assets and the average rate paid on interest bearing liabilities. The net interest rate spread does not consider the impact of noninterest bearing deposits and gives a direct perspective on the effect of market interest rate movements. The net interest margin is defined as net interest income as a percentage of total average earning assets and takes into account the positive effects of investing noninterest bearing deposits in earning assets.
First Security’s net interest rate spread (on a tax equivalent basis) was 3.50% in 2008, 3.96% in 2007 and 4.37% in 2006, while the net interest margin (on a tax equivalent basis) was 4.07% in 2008, 4.79% in 2007 and 5.09% in 2006. The decrease in the net interest spread and net interest margin for 2008 was primarily due to our rates on earning assets decreasing faster than the rates on interest bearing liabilities. During 2008, approximately 47% of our loans repriced simultaneously with changes to an associated index (such as Prime, which is driven by the target federal funds rate), while only approximately 11% of our liabilities repriced simultaneously. As such, reductions by the Federal Reserve Board to the target rate have an immediate negative impact on our net interest spread and net interest margin. Additionally, a decline in average noninterest bearing deposits for 2008 contributed to the decline in net interest margin. For 2008, noninterest bearing deposits contributed 57 basis points to the net interest margin, as compared to 83 basis points during 2007. The decrease in the net interest spread and net interest margin for 2007 was primarily due to our rates on interest bearing liabilities rising faster than the yields on earning assets. Average interest bearing liabilities as a percentage of average earnings assets were 83%, 80% and 80% for 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
In late June 2007, we entered into a series of cash flow swaps with a total notional value of $150 million. Floating rate cash flow payments on a portion of our Prime-based variable rate loans were swapped for fixed rate payments. We entered into the swaps to mitigate our interest rate risk in a falling interest rate environment. On August 28, 2007, we terminated the swap agreements and locked in a gain of approximately $2.0 million. The gain is being accreted into interest income over the expected term of the variable rate loans hedged. For 2008 and 2007, the gain accreted into interest income was $597 thousand and $205 thousand, respectively. The accretion for the terminated swaps is estimated to be $533 thousand for 2009.
In October 2007, we entered into a total of $50 million notional value cash flow swaps. The swaps exchanged a portion of our Prime-based variable rate payments for fixed rate payments. The fixed rate is appropriately 7.72% and the term is five years. For 2008 and 2007, the active swaps added $1.3 million and $25 thousand to interest income, respectively. Based on the Prime rate of 3.25% at December 31, 2008, we estimate the active swaps to contribute an estimated $2.2 million to interest income for 2009.
We anticipate our net interest spread and net interest margin to stabilize during 2009. The stabilization for 2009 will be dependent on our ability to raise core deposits, our growth rate in loans, and any possible further actions by the Federal Reserve Board.
Provision for Loan and Lease Losses
The provision for loan and lease losses charged to operations during 2008 increased $13.6 million to $15.8 million compared to $2.2 million in 2007 and $2.2 million in 2006. Net charge-offs totaled $9.3 million for 2008, $1.1 million for 2007 and $2.2 million for 2006. Net charge-offs as a percentage of average loans were 0.93% in 2008, 0.12% in 2007 and 0.28% in 2006 and our Bank’s peer group averages (as reported in the December 31, 2008 Uniform Bank Performance Report) were 0.74%, 0.24% and 0.14% in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
The increase in our provision for loan and lease losses in 2008 relative to 2007 was a result of our analysis of inherent risks in the loan portfolio in relation to the portfolio’s growth, the level of past due, charged-off, classified and nonperforming loans, loan to values, credit bureau scores, debt to income ratios, as well as local and national economic conditions. As a result of our analysis, we determined that our quarterly provisions for each consecutive quarter of 2008 required additional increases to the provision expense. The first through fourth quarter provision expense for 2008 was $1.2 million, $2.0 million, $4.0 million and $8.7 million, respectively.
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During 2008, five relationships resulted in charge-offs totaling $5.8 million. The associated charge-offs were $650 thousand in the second quarter of 2008, $1.8 million in the third quarter and $3.3 million in the fourth quarter. Throughout 2008, economic trends continued to decline and the U.S. economy entered into a recession with rising unemployment and falling real estate values.
Most indicators point toward the overall U.S. economy remaining in a potentially prolonged recessionary period. We will continue to provide provision expense to maintain an allowance level adequate to absorb known and estimated losses inherent in our loan portfolio based on the most current information. The quarterly assessments will determine the necessary provision expense and as such, we cannot estimate provision expense for 2009.
Our allowance for loan and lease losses is also subject to regulatory examinations and determinations as to adequacy, which may take into account such factors as the methodology used to calculate the allowance and the size of the allowance compared to a group of peer banks. During their routine examinations, regulators may require us to make additional provisions to our allowance for loan losses when, in the opinion of the regulators, their credit evaluations and allowance for loan and lease loss methodology differ materially from ours.
During 2007 and 2008, we made further enhancements to our methodology and analysis of the loan loss reserve and continued to implement improvements based on recent interagency regulatory guidance. In addition to analyzing significant loans and leases, we segmented the remaining portfolio of loans and leases into similar or homogeneous pools such as purpose of proceeds, type of loan or lease or by collateral as per the regulatory guidance and the Statement of Financial Accounting Standard 5. The actual loss history of each pool was then added to the risk assessment percentage of eight qualitative and environmental categories to determine management’s best estimate for risk of loss within each pool.
Our primary grouping of loans and leases within the allowance are as follows:
1. | Impaired Loans and Leases: These classified loans and leases generally include those loans with a risk rating of substandard and/or doubtful, are no longer accruing interest and as per SFAS 114, have been determined to have a documented and supported impairment. For this group, management determines the impairment amount based upon (1) a discount of the cash flows, or (2) observable market value or (3) the current value of real or personal property held as collateral. The definition of both substandard and doubtful risk ratings are outlined in Item 2 below. |
2. | Remaining Loans and Leases: The remaining loans and leases not analyzed in Item 1 above are pooled based upon loan or lease type, collateral securing the loan or risk rating and as instructed in SFAS 5 and regulatory guidance. Each of these pools is analyzed individually as homogeneous groups of loans or leases and are assigned a loss factor which is management’s best estimate of the loss that potentially could be realized in that pool of loans or leases. The loss factor is the sum of an objectively calculated historical loss percentage and a subjectively calculated risk percentage. The actual annual historical loss factor is typically a weighted average of each period’s loss. The subjectively calculated risk percentage is the sum of eight qualitative and environmental risk categories reviewed for each pool of loans and leases. These subjective risk categories are as follows: (a) underlying collateral values; (b) lending practices and policies; (c) local and national economies; (d) portfolio volume and nature; (e) staff experience; (f) credit quality; (g) loan review; and (h) competition, regulatory and legal issues. |
| A. | Other Classified and Criticized Loans: We reserve for the remaining criticized and classified loan and lease pools not included in Item 1 above (Impaired Loans and Leases) using flat percentages based upon each pool’s historical migration loss analysis or other documented loss rates, which is also adjusted for the aforementioned qualitative and environmental risk categories. The migration analysis is a calculation of the average loss experienced over several periods within each pass, criticized and classified risk rating to produce an actual loss rate of net charge offs. The pass ratings are assigned to those loans that are performing as contractually agreed and do not exhibit the characteristics of criticized and classified risk ratings as defined below. These actual loss percentages are then summed with the subjective risk categories as described in Item 2 above to produce a loss factor for each pool. |
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| i. | Loans with Risk Ratings of Special Mention: We generally reserve for special mention loans and leases using a historical 24-month migration loss percentage. The historical loss factor and the qualitative and environmental factors, as described above in Item 2, are then applied to the appropriate pools of special mention loans and leases. The special mention risk rating is considered a criticized loan and is not considered as severe as a classified loan risk rating. Special mention loans contain one or more potential weakness(es), which if not corrected, could result in an unacceptable increase in credit risk at some future date. These loans and leases may be characterized by: |
Loans to Businesses:
| • | | Downward trend in sales, profit levels and margins |
| • | | Impaired working capital position compared to industry |
| • | | Cash flow strained in order to meet debt repayment schedule |
| • | | Technical defaults due to noncompliance with financial covenants |
| • | | Recurring trade payable slowness |
| • | | High leverage compared to industry average with shrinking equity cushion |
| • | | Questionable abilities of management |
| • | | Weak industry conditions |
| • | | Inadequate or outdated financial statements |
Loans to Businesses or Individuals:
| • | | Loan delinquencies and overdrafts may occur |
| • | | Original source of repayment questionable |
| • | | Documentation deficiencies may not be easily correctable |
| • | | Loan may need to be restructured |
| • | | Collateral or guarantor offers adequate protection |
| • | | Unsecured debt to tangible net worth is excessive |
| ii. | Loans with Risk Ratings of Substandard: We generally reserve for substandard loans and leases that are not specifically identified in Item 1 using a historical 24-month migration analysis loss rate. The historical loss and qualitative and environmental factors, as described in Item 2 above, are then applied to the appropriate pool of substandard loans and leases. Substandard loans and leases have specifically identified weaknesses and deficiencies typically resulting from severe adverse trends of a financial, economic, or managerial nature, and may warrant non-accrual status. For substandard loans and leases, a protracted work-out is likely due to the following factors, in addition to those listed for special mention loans: |
Loans to Businesses:
| • | | Sustained losses which have severely eroded equity and cash flows |
| • | | Concentration in illiquid assets |
| • | | Serious management problems or internal fraud |
| • | | Chronic trade payable slowness; may be placed on COD or collection by trade creditor |
| • | | Inability to access other funding sources |
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| • | | Financial statements with adverse opinion or disclaimer; may be received late |
| • | | Insufficient documented cash flows to meet contractual debt service requirements |
Loans to Businesses or Individuals:
| • | | Chronic or severe delinquency or has met the retail classification standards which is generally past dues greater than 90 days |
| • | | Likelihood of bankruptcy exists |
| • | | Serious documentation deficiencies |
| • | | Reliance on secondary sources of repayment which are presently considered adequate |
| • | | Litigation may have been filed against the borrower |
| iii. | Loans with Risk Ratings of Doubtful: We analyze doubtful loans and leases individually to determine our best estimate of loss based upon the most recent assessment of all available sources of repayment. These loans are analyzed in the same manner as those loans categorized in Item 1 as Impaired Loans and Leases. Management estimates the specific potential losses based upon an individual analysis of the relationship risks, the borrower’s cash flow, the borrower’s management and any underlying secondary sources of repayment. The amount of the estimated loss, if any, is then specifically reserved in a separate component of the allowance. Doubtful loans are loans where the collection or liquidation in full of principal and/or interest is highly questionable or improbable. Doubtful loans must be placed on non-accrual, and the principal balance charged down to estimated collectable value, or a full or partial reserve must be allocated. In addition to the characteristics listed for substandard loans, the following characteristics apply to doubtful loans: |
Loans to Businesses:
| • | | Normal operations are severely diminished or have ceased |
| • | | Seriously impaired cash flow |
| • | | Numerous exceptions to loan agreement |
| • | | Outside accountant questions entity’s survivability as a “going concern” |
| • | | Financial statements may be received late, if at all |
| • | | Material legal judgments filed |
| • | | Collection of principal and interest is impaired |
| • | | Collateral/Guarantor may offer inadequate protection |
Loans to Businesses or Individuals:
| • | | Original repayment terms materially altered |
| • | | Secondary source of repayment is inadequate |
| • | | Asset liquidation may be in process with all efforts directed at debt retirement |
| • | | Documentation deficiencies not correctable |
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| B. | Unclassified and Uncriticized Loans: In our analysis of these loan and lease pools, we establish our reserves using the historical average net charge-off over various periods for each pool of loans. The number of periods used to determine the average net charge off amount is dependent upon the available data, but generally is no less than 48 months. Each of these pools’ historical loss rates are then adjusted by the eight qualitative and environmental risk areas, as described in Item 2 above, and applied to the appropriate pools of unclassified and uncriticized loans and leases. |
For purposes of analyzing the allowance for loan losses, the unclassified and uncriticized loan pools do not include the unfunded portions of binding commitments to lend, standby letters of credit, deposit secured loans or mortgage loans originated with commitments to sell in the secondary market. Loans secured by segregated deposits held by us are not required to have an allowance reserve, nor are originated mortgage loans pending sale in the secondary market.
While it is our policy to charge-off in the current period loans for which a loss is recognized, there are additional risks of future losses which cannot be quantified precisely or attributed to particular loans or classes of loans. Because these risks include the state of the economy, management’s judgment as to the adequacy of the allowance is necessarily approximate and imprecise.
Noninterest Income
Total noninterest income for 2008 was $11.7 million compared to $11.3 million in 2007 and $10.6 million in 2006. The following table presents the components of noninterest income for years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006.
Noninterest Income
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the Years Ended | |
| | 2008 | | Percent Change | | | 2007 | | | Percent Change | | | 2006 | |
| | (dollar amounts in thousands) | |
NSF fees | | $ | 4,135 | | 0.3 | % | | $ | 4,123 | | | 6.4 | % | | $ | 3,874 | |
Service charges on deposit accounts | | | 1,149 | | 6.8 | % | | | 1,076 | | | 11.0 | % | | | 969 | |
Mortgage loan and related fees | | | 1,443 | | (9.5 | )% | | | 1,594 | | | 10.2 | % | | | 1,446 | |
Bank-owned life insurance income | | | 967 | | 6.9 | % | | | 905 | | | 2.5 | % | | | 883 | |
Net gain (loss) on sales of available-for-sale securities | | | 146 | | 186.9 | % | | | (168 | ) | | (14.7 | )% | | | (197 | ) |
Other-than-temporary impairment of securities | | | — | | 100.0 | % | | | (584 | ) | | (100.0 | )% | | | — | |
Other income | | | 3,842 | | (11.8 | )% | | | 4,354 | | | 19.5 | % | | | 3,642 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total noninterest income | | $ | 11,682 | | 3.4 | % | | $ | 11,300 | | | 6.4 | % | | $ | 10,617 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Our largest sources of noninterest income are service charges and fees on deposit accounts. Total service charges, including non-sufficient funds (NSF) fees, were $5.3 million, or 45% of total noninterest income for 2008, compared with $5.2 million, or 46% of total noninterest income for 2007, and $4.8 million, or 46% for 2006. In 2008, increases in analysis charges on commercial customers was the primary driver of the 7% increase in service charges on deposit accounts.
Mortgage loan and related fees for 2008 were $1.4 million, compared to $1.6 million in 2007 and $1.4 million in 2006. As discussed in Note 17 to our consolidated financial statements, we began electing the fair value option under SFAS 159 to our held for sale loan originations in February 2008. This election impacted the timing and recognition of origination fees and costs as well as the value of the servicing rights. The recognition of the income is now concurrent with the origination of the loan. We believe the fair value option improves
51
financial reporting by better aligning the underlying economic changes in value of the loans and related hedges to the reported results. Additionally, the election eliminates the complexities and inherent difficulties of achieving hedge accounting.
Our process to originate and sell a conforming mortgage in the secondary market typically takes 30 to 60 days from the date of mortgage origination to the date the mortgage is sold to an investor in the secondary market. Due to the normal processing time, we will have a certain amount of held for sale loans at any time. We sell these loans with the right to service the loan being released to the purchaser for a fee. Mortgages originated for sale in the secondary markets totaled $67.0 million for 2008, $80.1 million in 2007 and $88.9 million in 2006. Mortgages sold in the secondary market totaled $69.8 million for 2008, $83.3 million and $84.6 million in 2006. We do not originate sub-prime loans. For 2009, we expect mortgage loan income to decline as the real estate market continues to slow. However, recently announced government initiatives to provide refinancing for certain mortgages may provide opportunities to increase mortgage loan income.
Bank-owned life insurance income increased to $967 thousand compared to $905 thousand for 2007 and $883 thousand for 2006. The Company is the owner and beneficiary of these contracts. The income generated by the cash value of the insurance policies accumulates on a tax-deferred basis and is tax free to maturity. Additionally, the insurance death benefit will be a tax free payment to the Company. This tax-advantaged asset enables us to provide benefits to our employees. On a fully tax-equivalent basis, the weighted average interest rate earned on the policies was 6.3% during 2008.
During the third quarter of 2008, we sold approximately $13.1 million in senior unsecured debt issued by Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae for a gain of $146 thousand. During April 2007, we de-leveraged a portion of our balance sheet by selling approximately $27.0 million in investment securities to pay down our overnight borrowings. This transaction eliminated negative spread. The sale occurred prior to the release of our quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2007, thereby triggering an other-than-temporary impairment of securities as of March 31, 2007. The impairment charge represents the loss position of the sold securities as of March 31, 2007. The loss on sale of securities in the second quarter of 2007 represents the change in value of the sold securities from April 1, 2007 until the date of sale.
Other income for 2008 was $3.8 million, compared to the 2007 level of $4.4 million and the 2006 level of $3.6 million. The components of other income primarily consist of point-of-sale fees on debit cards, ATM fee income, trust fee income, underwriting revenue, safe deposit box fee income and gains on sales of other real estate, repossessions, leased equipment and premises and equipment. The major contributor to decreasing other income by $512 thousand, or 12%, during 2008 was a reduction in gains on sales of assets, which decreased $423 thousand from 2007 to 2008. This reduction was partially offset by a $125 thousand, or 19%, increase in trust fee income. We anticipate continued increases in our fee income during 2009.
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Noninterest Expense
Total noninterest expense for 2008 was $40.4 million, compared to $41.4 million in 2007 and $40.0 million in 2006. Noninterest expense for 2008 declined primarily through a reduction in salaries and benefits, as well as other cost saving initiatives. Noninterest expense for 2007 as compared to 2006 increased primarily due to growth in salary and benefit costs and higher levels of losses and write-downs. Unless indicated otherwise in the discussion below, we anticipate increases in noninterest expense for 2009 as a result of a new de novo branch in Hixson, Tennessee, as well as higher FDIC insurance cost imposed on the financial sector. The following table represents the components of noninterest expense for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006.
Noninterest Expense
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the Years Ended |
| | 2008 | | Percent Change | | | 2007 | | Percent Change | | | 2006 |
| | (dollar amounts in thousands) |
Salaries & benefits | | $ | 21,577 | | (5.5 | )% | | $ | 22,836 | | 3.3 | % | | $ | 22,108 |
Occupancy | | | 3,505 | | 2.2 | % | | | 3,429 | | 8.2 | % | | | 3,169 |
Furniture and equipment | | | 3,059 | | (9.4 | )% | | | 3,378 | | (1.9 | )% | | | 3,444 |
Professional fees | | | 1,744 | | 10.6 | % | | | 1,577 | | (18.2 | )% | | | 1,927 |
Data processing | | | 1,463 | | 4.6 | % | | | 1,399 | | 5.4 | % | | | 1,327 |
Losses and write-downs on other real estate owned, repossessions, fixed assets and other assets | | | 1,334 | | (5.5 | )% | | | 1,411 | | 71.9 | % | | | 821 |
Intangible asset amortization | | | 796 | | (19.2 | )% | | | 985 | | (20.9 | )% | | | 1,246 |
Communications | | | 720 | | (1.9 | )% | | | 734 | | (8.4 | )% | | | 801 |
FDIC insurance | | | 629 | | 182.1 | % | | | 223 | | 102.7 | % | | | 110 |
Printing & supplies | | | 412 | | (20.9 | )% | | | 521 | | (1.1 | )% | | | 527 |
Advertising | | | 372 | | (18.4 | )% | | | 456 | | 4.3 | % | | | 437 |
Other expense | | | 4,771 | | 6.2 | % | | | 4,492 | | 9.6 | % | | | 4,100 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total noninterest expense | | $ | 40,382 | | (2.6 | )% | | $ | 41,441 | | 3.6 | % | | $ | 40,017 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total salaries and benefits decreased $1.3 million, or 6%, in 2008 as compared to 2007. The decrease in salaries and benefits is primarily related to the decision to make no payments under the incentive compensation plan, which accounted for $1.1 million of the reduction. As of December 31, 2008, we had 39 full service banking offices and three leasing/loan production facilities with 361 full-time equivalent employees. As of December 31, 2007, we had 40 full service banking offices and five leasing offices with 371 full-time equivalent employees; as of December 31, 2006, we had 38 full service banking offices and three leasing offices with 369 full-time equivalent employees. During the second quarter of 2009, we anticipate opening a new de novo branch in Hixson (Chattanooga), Tennessee. In the future, we plan to identify additional locations in Knoxville, Chattanooga and Cleveland, Tennessee. We will be opportunistic and discerning in our expansion, recognizing the additional expense associated with de novo branches.
Total occupancy expense for 2008 increased by 2% compared with 2007, which was 8% more than total occupancy expense in 2006. The increase in 2008 was due to higher utility costs and higher property taxes. The increase in 2007 was primarily due to the opening of our new corporate headquarters in December 2006, as well as the completion of our two new de novo branches in Algood and Cleveland, Tennessee in April and May 2007, respectively. As of December 31, 2008, we leased 13 facilities and the land for five branches. As a result, occupancy expense is higher than if we owned these facilities, including the real estate, but conversely, we have been able to deploy the capital into earning assets rather than capital expenditures for facilities.
Furniture and equipment, communication and printing and supplies expense decreased both in 2008 and 2007 due to cost controls implemented.
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Professional fees increased by $167 thousand, or 11%, from 2007 to 2008, while they decreased by $350 thousand, or 18%, from 2006 to 2007. Professional fees include fees related to investor relations, outsourcing compliance and information technology audits and a portion of internal audit to Professional Bank Services, as well as external audit, tax services and legal and accounting advice related to, among other things, foreclosures, lending activities, potential acquisitions, investment securities, trademarks and intangible properties. The increase in 2008 is primarily due to additional legal costs associated with the higher levels of nonperforming assets. The decrease in 2007 primarily relates to reduced cost for SOX Section 404 testing. We anticipate professional fees to be consistent for 2009.
Data processing expense increased $64 thousand, or 5%, in 2008 as compared to 2007. The monthly fees associated with data processing are typically based on transaction volume. The increases in 2008 and 2007 were primarily related to the increase in transaction volume. We anticipate data processing expense to increase as our transaction volume continues to grow. The increase in 2007 primarily related to the credit administration software (Baker Hill) implementation. The software provides risk analysis for retail loan applications.
Losses and write-downs on other real estate owned, repossessions, fixed assets and other assets decreased $77 thousand, or 6%, from 2007 to 2008. The decrease is primarily related to less write-downs on repossessions associated with our leasing companies as new repossessions were charged-down to a conservative market value, which minimized subsequent losses. Write-downs on repossessions declined by $535 thousand, while write-downs on other real estate owned increased by $649 thousand. For 2007, management took an aggressive sales approach to repossessions during the second half of the year and incurred losses and write-downs of $943 thousand in the fourth quarter of 2007. Losses and write-downs for 2009 are dependent on multiple factors, including the volume of nonperforming assets, as well as changes in the associated market value of those assets.
Intangible asset amortization decreased by $189 thousand, or 19%, in 2008 as compared to 2007 and decreased $261 thousand, or 21%, in 2007 compared to 2006. The decreases in 2008 and 2007 are due to the declining expense of the aging core deposit intangible assets. Amortizing intangible assets include core deposit intangible assets, a license fee agreement, and a non-compete agreement. The core deposit intangible assets amortize on an accelerated basis over an estimated useful life of ten years. The license fee agreement related to operating the Primer Banco Seguro branches within our market. The non-compete agreement amortized on a straight-line basis over its useful life of four years. At December 31, 2008, the only remaining amortizing intangible assets were the core deposit intangible assets.
The following table represents our anticipated intangible asset amortization over the next five years, excluding new acquisitions, if any.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2009 | | 2010 | | 2011 | | 2012 | | 2013 |
| | (in thousands) |
Core deposit intangible amortization expense | �� | $ | 513 | | $ | 465 | | $ | 444 | | $ | 382 | | $ | 270 |
Our policy is to assess goodwill for impairment on an annual basis or between annual assessments if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of goodwill below its carrying amount. Impairment is the condition that exists when the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value. Accounting standards require us to estimate the fair value in making the assessment of impairment at least annually. We engaged an independent valuation firm to assist in computing the fair value estimate for the goodwill impairment assessment. The firm utilized two separate valuation methodologies and comparing the results of each methodology in order to determine the fair value of the goodwill associated with our prior bank acquisitions. The valuation methodologies utilized included a discounted cash flow valuation technique and a comparison of the average price to book value of comparable bank acquisitions. Both valuations exceeded the book value of our goodwill, and thus, no impairment expense has been recorded. A continued decline in market value and reduced estimated future earnings may lead to a goodwill impairment in 2009.
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FDIC deposit premium insurance was $629 thousand, $223 thousand and $110 thousand for 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The FDIC has imposed higher deposit insurance on the entire banking industry. During 2008, the FDIC announced an additional increase in premiums with a 2009 effective date, and they introduced the optional Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program (TLGP), which is funded through add-on premium fees. During 2009, the FDIC announced an additional special assessment of 20 basis points due on September 30, 2009, which may be reduced to 10 basis points. Based on year-end deposits, this one-time assessment is estimated to be $1.9 million at 20 basis points, or $940 thousand at 10 basis points. The combination of the increase, the one-time assessment and electing to participate in the TLGP will increase our FDIC insurance premium expense significantly during 2009.
Other expense increased by $279 thousand, or 6%, for 2008 as compared to 2007. For 2008, expenses associated with repossessed assets and other real estate owned increased $228 thousand to $710 thousand as compared to 2007. Other expense increased $392 thousand, or 10%, in 2007 as compared to 2006. The increase in 2007 primarily relates to increases in expenses associated with repossessed assets and other real estate owned, including but not limited to maintenance and repairs, back-taxes and storage costs.
Income Taxes
We recorded an income tax benefit of $587 thousand in 2008 compared to an income tax expense of $5.3 million in 2007 and a tax expense of $5.3 million in 2006. For 2008, our tax-exempt income from municipal securities and bank-owned life insurance exceeded our taxable income before taxes, and therefore we recorded a tax benefit. Our effective tax rates for 2007 and 2006 were 32%. Our effective tax rate for 2009 will be dependent on the level of taxable income earned, as well as any possible changes in the tax structure from new legislation. As of December 31, 2008, our net deferred tax asset was $104 thousand. As of December 31, 2007, our net deferred tax liability was $464 thousand.
Statement of Financial Condition
Our total assets were $1.3 billion, an increase of $64.3 million, or 5%, over 2007. Our growth is directly related to deposit growth and the funds available to us for investment. We continue to seek means to enhance our core deposit market share through acquisitions and further branching to the extent our capital will enable us to do so.
Loans
In the first three quarters of 2008, our loan demand was solid; but demand softened in the fourth quarter due to the recession. Total loans increased 6% from year-end 2007 to year-end 2008 and increased 12% from year-end 2006 to year-end 2007. The increase in loans in 2008 is attributable to (1) 1-4 family residential loans increasing $34.1 million, or 13%, (2) commercial real estate loans increasing $27.3 million, or 13%, and (3) commercial and industrial loans increasing $19.9 million, or 14%, as compared to 2007. The loan growth in 2007 is attributable to (1) commercial real estate loans increasing $45.2 million, or 26%, (2) construction and land development loans increasing $42.9 million, or 25%, (3) commercial and industrial loans increasing $16.6 million, or 14%, and (4) 1-4 family residential loans increasing $16.4 million, or 7%, as compared to 2006.
During the fourth quarter of 2008, loans declined by an annualized rate of 2%. We will continue to extend prudent loans to credit worthy consumers and businesses during 2009. However, due to the economic environment, we anticipate loan growth rate to be less than the 2008 growth. Funding of future loan growth may be restricted by our ability to raise core deposits, although we will continue to use alternative funding sources if necessary and cost effective. Loan growth may also be restricted by the necessity for us to maintain appropriate capital levels, as well as adequate liquidity.
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The following table presents a summary of the loan portfolio by category for the last five years.
Loans Outstanding
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | As of December 31, | |
| | 2008 | | Percent Change | | | 2007 | | Percent Change | | | 2006 | | Percent Change | | | 2005 | | Percent Change | | | 2004 | | Percent Change | |
| | (dollar amounts in thousands) | |
Commercial—leases, net of unearned | | $ | 30,873 | | (25.8 | )% | | $ | 41,587 | | (20.1 | )% | | $ | 52,039 | | (17.7 | )% | | $ | 63,205 | | 4.9 | % | | $ | 60,228 | | 100.0 | % |
Commercial—loans | | | 157,906 | | 14.4 | % | | | 138,015 | | 13.7 | % | | | 121,385 | | 11.4 | % | | | 108,974 | | 21.8 | % | | | 89,440 | | (12.2 | )% |
Real estate—construction | | | 194,603 | | (10.1 | )% | | | 216,583 | | 24.7 | % | | | 173,652 | | 48.0 | % | | | 117,352 | | 52.0 | % | | | 77,209 | | 88.1 | % |
Real estate—mortgage | | | 565,357 | | 14.9 | % | | | 492,191 | | 14.4 | % | | | 430,385 | | 10.0 | % | | | 391,126 | | 32.0 | % | | | 296,202 | | 14.7 | % |
Installment loans to individuals | | | 58,296 | | (7.7 | )% | | | 63,156 | | (6.9 | )% | | | 67,858 | | 4.9 | % | | | 64,694 | | (3.4 | )% | | | 66,940 | | (10.8 | )% |
Other | | | 4,549 | | 189.2 | % | | | 1,573 | | (30.8 | )% | | | 2,274 | | (31.3 | )% | | | 3,308 | | 41.5 | % | | | 2,338 | | 20.6 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Loans | | $ | 1,011,584 | | 6.1 | % | | $ | 953,105 | | 12.4 | % | | $ | 847,593 | | 13.2 | % | | $ | 748,659 | | 26.4 | % | | $ | 592,357 | | 23.9 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Substantially all of our loans are to customers located in Georgia and Tennessee, in our immediate markets. We believe that we are not dependent on any single customer or group of customers whose insolvency would have a material adverse effect on operations. We also believe that the loan portfolio is diversified among loan collateral types, as noted by the following table.
Loans by Collateral Type
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | As of December 31, | |
| | 2008 | | % of Loans | | | 2007 | | % of Loans | | | 2006 | | % of Loans | | | 2005 | | % of Loans | | | 2004 | | % of Loans | |
| | (dollar amounts in thousands) | |
Secured by real estate: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Construction and land development | | $ | 194,603 | | 19.2 | % | | $ | 216,583 | | 22.7 | % | | $ | 173,652 | | 20.5 | % | | $ | 117,352 | | 15.7 | % | | $ | 77,209 | | 13.0 | % |
Farmland | | | 11,470 | | 1.1 | % | | | 6,870 | | 0.7 | % | | | 10,243 | | 1.2 | % | | | 12,799 | | 1.7 | % | | | 14,797 | | 2.5 | % |
Home equity lines of credit | | | 88,708 | | 8.8 | % | | | 80,326 | | 8.4 | % | | | 76,872 | | 9.1 | % | | | 78,387 | | 10.5 | % | | | 68,126 | | 11.5 | % |
Residential first liens | | | 196,734 | | 19.4 | % | | | 172,003 | | 18.0 | % | | | 159,172 | | 18.8 | % | | | 133,743 | | 17.8 | % | | | 72,530 | | 12.2 | % |
Residential junior liens | | | 11,012 | | 1.1 | % | | | 10,044 | | 1.1 | % | | | 9,961 | | 1.2 | % | | | 8,630 | | 1.2 | % | | | 4,009 | | 0.7 | % |
Multi-family residential | | | 22,803 | | 2.3 | % | | | 11,017 | | 1.2 | % | | | 10,301 | | 1.2 | % | | | 9,395 | | 1.2 | % | | | 9,301 | | 1.6 | % |
Non-farm and non-residential | | | 234,630 | | 23.2 | % | | | 211,931 | | 22.3 | % | | | 163,836 | | 19.3 | % | | | 148,172 | | 19.8 | % | | | 127,439 | | 21.5 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Real Estate | | | 759,960 | | 75.1 | % | | | 708,774 | | 74.4 | % | | | 604,037 | | 71.3 | % | | | 508,478 | | 67.9 | % | | | 373,411 | | 63.0 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other loans: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commercial—leases, net of unearned | | | 30,873 | | 3.1 | % | | | 41,587 | | 4.3 | % | | | 52,039 | | 6.1 | % | | | 63,205 | | 8.4 | % | | | 60,228 | | 10.2 | % |
Commercial and industrial | | | 157,906 | | 15.6 | % | | | 138,015 | | 14.5 | % | | | 121,385 | | 14.3 | % | | | 108,974 | | 14.6 | % | | | 89,440 | | 15.1 | % |
Agricultural production | | | 1,945 | | 0.1 | % | | | 1,344 | | 0.1 | % | | | 1,962 | | 0.2 | % | | | 2,401 | | 0.3 | % | | | 1,942 | | 0.3 | % |
Credit cards and other revolving credit | | | — | | — | % | | | — | | — | % | | | 1,513 | | 0.2 | % | | | 1,934 | | 0.3 | % | | | 1,718 | | 0.3 | % |
Consumer installment loans | | | 60,299 | | 6.0 | % | | | 62,730 | | 6.6 | % | | | 66,028 | | 7.8 | % | | | 62,760 | | 8.4 | % | | | 65,222 | | 11.0 | % |
Other | | | 601 | | 0.1 | % | | | 655 | | 0.1 | % | | | 629 | | 0.1 | % | | | 907 | | 0.1 | % | | | 396 | | 0.1 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total other loans | | | 251,624 | | 24.9 | % | | | 244,331 | | 25.6 | % | | | 243,556 | | 28.7 | % | | | 240,181 | | 32.1 | % | | | 218,946 | | 37.0 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total loans | | $ | 1,011,584 | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 953,105 | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 847,593 | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 748,659 | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 592,357 | | 100.0 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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The following table sets forth the maturity distribution of the loan portfolio as of December 31, 2008. Our loan policy does not permit automatic roll-over of matured loans.
Loans by Maturity
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | As of December 31, 2008 |
| | Less than three months | | Over three months to twelve months1 | | One year to five years | | Over five years | | Total |
| | (in thousands) |
Construction and land development loans | | $ | 61,073 | | $ | 107,302 | | $ | 26,228 | | $ | — | | $ | 194,603 |
Commercial and industrial loans | | | 56,136 | | | 82,369 | | | 19,401 | | | — | | $ | 157,906 |
All other loans | | | 132,231 | | | 257,109 | | | 203,406 | | | 66,329 | | $ | 659,075 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 249,440 | | $ | 446,780 | | $ | 249,035 | | $ | 66,329 | | $ | 1,011,584 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
1 | Nonaccrual loans are included in the three to twelve month bucket. |
Asset Quality
We consider our asset quality to be of primary importance. At year-end 2008 our net loan portfolio was 78% of total assets. Over the past few years, we have improved our commercial and retail underwriting standards, enhanced our detailed loan policy, established better warning and early detection procedures, strengthened our commercial real estate risk management, improved our consumer portfolio risk pricing and standardized underwriting and enhanced our comprehensive analysis of our allowance. Our loan review process targets 60% to 70% of our portfolio for review over an 18-month cycle. More frequent loan reviews may be completed as needed or as directed by the Audit/Corporate Governance Committee of the Board of Directors.
The allowance for loan and lease losses represents management’s estimate of an amount adequate in relation to the risk of losses inherent in the loan portfolio. We analyze the loan portfolio regularly to identify potential problems. We undertake this analysis in conjunction with the establishment of our allowance to provide a basis for determining the adequacy of our loan loss reserves to absorb losses that we estimate might be experienced. Furthermore, our policy requires regularly scheduled problem-asset meetings in which past due and classified loans are thoroughly analyzed. These analyses are thoroughly reviewed by our credit administration group. In addition to these analyses of existing loans, management considers our loan growth, historical loan losses, past due and non-performing loans, current economic conditions, underlying loan collateral values and other factors which may affect possible loan losses.
Our asset quality ratio of charge-offs to average loans increased in 2008 as compared to 2007. In 2008, loan charge-offs increased to $9.3 million, or 93 basis points of average loans, compared to $1.1 million, or twelve basis points, in 2007. During 2008, five loan relationships accounted for $5.8 million of the $9.3 million net charge-offs. Charge-offs as a result of bankruptcy increased to $1,954 thousand in 2008 from $317 thousand in 2007. For 2009, charge-offs, as a percentage of average loans, will be dependent on the duration and depth of the recession on a regional and national level, as well as local and regional unemployment.
Our allowance for loan and lease losses as a percentage of total loans was 1.72% and non-performing assets as a percentage of total assets was 2.14%. The allowance as a percentage of total loans increased 57 basis points from 2007 due to the higher level of nonperforming assets, charge-offs and classified loans, as well as the weakening economy. The allowance to total loans was 16 basis points higher than FSGBank’s peer group as reported in the Uniform Bank Performance Report as of December 31, 2008.
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The following table presents a summary of changes in the allowance for loan and lease losses for the past five years.
Analysis of the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the Years Ended December 31, | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | (dollar amounts in thousands) | |
Allowance for loan and lease losses— | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Beginning of period | | $ | 10,956 | | | $ | 9,970 | | | $ | 10,121 | | | $ | 8,312 | | | $ | 5,827 | |
Provision for loan and lease losses | | | 15,729 | | | | 2,115 | | | | 2,064 | | | | 2,922 | | | | 3,399 | |
Additions due to business combinations | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1,261 | | | | 2,011 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Sub-total | | | 26,685 | | | | 12,085 | | | | 12,185 | | | | 12,495 | | | | 11,237 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Charged off loans: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commercial—leases | | | 1,227 | | | | 692 | | | | 455 | | | | 900 | | | | — | |
Commercial—loans | | | 3,468 | | | | 133 | | | | 943 | | | | 779 | | | | 1,733 | |
Real estate—construction | | | 982 | | | | 44 | | | | 24 | | | | 55 | | | | 45 | |
Real estate—residential mortgage | | | 1,492 | | | | 423 | | | | 764 | | | | 261 | | | | 401 | |
Consumer and other | | | 2,350 | | | | 575 | | | | 535 | | | | 883 | | | | 1,248 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total charged off | | | 9,519 | | | | 1,867 | | | | 2,721 | | | | 2,878 | | | | 3,427 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Recoveries of charged-off loans: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commercial—leases | | | — | | | | 57 | | | | 5 | | | | 43 | | | | 26 | |
Commercial—loans | | | 15 | | | | 256 | | | | 90 | | | | 148 | | | | 385 | |
Real estate—construction | | | 1 | | | | 2 | | | | — | | | | 12 | | | | — | |
Real estate—residential mortgage | | | 31 | | | | 201 | | | | 149 | | | | 92 | | | | 17 | |
Consumer and other | | | 172 | | | | 222 | | | | 262 | | | | 209 | | | | 74 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total recoveries | | | 219 | | | | 738 | | | | 506 | | | | 504 | | | | 502 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net charged-off loans | | | 9,300 | | | | 1,129 | | | | 2,215 | | | | 2,374 | | | | 2,925 | |
Allowance for loan and lease losses—end of period | | $ | 17,385 | | | $ | 10,956 | | | $ | 9,970 | | | $ | 10,121 | | | $ | 8,312 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total loans—end of period | | $ | 1,011,584 | | | $ | 953,105 | | | $ | 847,593 | | | $ | 748,659 | | | $ | 592,357 | |
Average loans | | $ | 997,371 | | | $ | 940,490 | | | $ | 796,866 | | | $ | 657,928 | | | $ | 514,479 | |
As a percentage of average loans: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net loans charged-off | | | 0.93 | % | | | 0.12 | % | | | 0.28 | % | | | 0.36 | % | | | 0.57 | % |
Provision for loan and lease losses | | | 1.58 | % | | | 0.22 | % | | | 0.26 | % | | | 0.44 | % | | | 0.66 | % |
Allowance for loan and lease losses as a percentage of: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Year-end loans | | | 1.72 | % | | | 1.15 | % | | | 1.18 | % | | | 1.35 | % | | | 1.40 | % |
Non-performing assets | | | 63.73 | % | | | 143.07 | % | | | 145.21 | % | | | 212.76 | % | | | 143.43 | % |
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The following table presents the allocation of the allowance for loan and lease losses for each respective loan category with the corresponding percent of loans in each category to total loans. The comprehensive allowance analysis developed by our credit administration group enables us to allocate the allowance based on risk elements within the portfolio. The unallocated reserve is available as a general reserve against the entire loan portfolio and is related to factors such as current economic conditions which are not directly associated with a specific loan category (See Provision for Loan and Lease Losses).
Allocation of the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | As of December 31, | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | Amount | | Percent of Portfolio1 | | | Amount | | Percent of Portfolio1 | | | Amount | | Percent of Portfolio1 | | | Amount | | Percent of Portfolio1 | | | Amount | | Percent of Portfolio1 | |
| | (dollar amounts in thousands) | |
Commercial—leases | | $ | 2,598 | | 3.1 | % | | $ | 2,134 | | 4.4 | % | | $ | 1,639 | | 6.1 | % | | $ | 1,505 | | 8.4 | % | | $ | 1,202 | | 10.2 | % |
Commercial—loans | | | 3,094 | | 15.6 | % | | | 2,638 | | 14.5 | % | | | 2,375 | | 14.3 | % | | | 2,525 | | 14.8 | % | | | 2,244 | | 20.0 | % |
Real estate—construction | | | 3,947 | | 19.2 | % | | | 1,594 | | 22.7 | % | | | 1,613 | | 20.5 | % | | | 665 | | 17.1 | % | | | 700 | | 13.1 | % |
Real estate—mortgage | | | 6,858 | | 55.9 | % | | | 3,695 | | 51.6 | % | | | 3,439 | | 50.8 | % | | | 4,396 | | 50.8 | % | | | 3,432 | | 44.7 | % |
Consumer | | | 888 | | 6.2 | % | | | 778 | | 6.8 | % | | | 841 | | 8.3 | % | | | 864 | | 8.6 | % | | | 728 | | 12.0 | % |
Unallocated | | | — | | — | | | | 117 | | — | | | | 63 | | — | | | | 166 | | — | | | | 6 | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 17,385 | | 100 | % | | $ | 10,956 | | 100 | % | | $ | 9,970 | | 100 | % | | $ | 10,121 | | 100 | % | | $ | 8,312 | | 100 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
1 | Represents the percentage of loans in each category to total loans. |
We believe that the allowance for loan and lease losses at December 31, 2008 is sufficient to absorb losses inherent in the loan portfolio based on our assessment of the information available. Our assessment involves uncertainty and judgment; therefore, the adequacy of the allowance cannot be determined with precision and may be subject to change in future periods. In addition, bank regulatory authorities, as part of their periodic examinations, may require additional charges to the provision for loan losses in future periods if the results of their reviews warrant.
Nonperforming Assets
Nonperforming assets may include nonaccrual loans, restructured loans, other real estate owned and repossessed assets. We place loans on non-accrual status when we have concerns relating to our ability to collect the loan principal and interest, and generally when such loans are 90 days or more past due. Nonaccrual loans totaled $18.5 million, $3.4 million and $2.7 million as of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. We earned interest of $81 thousand, $198 thousand and $79 thousand on these loans during 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. If these loans had been performing, we would have earned an additional $151 thousand, $36 thousand and $20 thousand in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. We are not aware of any loans which represent material credits about which we are aware of any information that causes us to have serious doubts as to the ability of such borrowers to comply with their loan repayment terms. No amount of loans that have been classified by regulatory examiners as loss, substandard, doubtful, or special mention has been excluded from amounts disclosed as nonperforming loans. Nonperforming assets represent potential losses to us; however, in compliance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 114,Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan, we have measured the impairment of these loans and adjusted the loans to either the present value of expected future cash flows, the fair value of the collateral, or the observable market price.
Loans 90 days or more past due totaled $2.7 million and consisted of $1.5 million in consumer loans, $445 thousand in 1-4 family loans, $298 thousand in commercial and industrial loans, $266 thousand in non-farm/ non-residential, $125 thousand in leases and $96 thousand in other categories, including construction and loan development and other loans.
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The $7.1 million in other real estate owned consisted of $4.6 million in vacant land and construction development property, $1.1 million in residential real estate, $920 thousand in nonfarm/nonresidential property and $518 thousand in an apartment complex. Initial adjustments to the value are recorded as a charge-off through the allowance with subsequent declines in value recorded through an income statement write-down. During 2008, initial charge-offs associated with other real estate owned totaled $120 thousand. Write-downs for 2008 totaled $707 thousand, with two properties accounting for $508 thousand, or 72%, of the total. All of these properties have been written down to their respective fair values.
At December 31, 2008, we owned repossessed assets in the amount of $1.7 million, compared to $1.8 million at December 31, 2007 and $2.2 million at December 31, 2006. All repossessions are carried at the lower of cost or fair market value less selling costs. Initial adjustments to the value are recorded as a charge-off through the allowance for loan and lease losses. Subsequent declines in value are recorded through the income statement. Charge-offs related to repossessions totaled $1.2 million in 2008 compared to $692 thousand in 2007. Subsequent write-downs totaled $59 thousand in 2008 while write-downs and losses on repossessions totaled $1.2 million for 2007. The majority of our repossessions are related to our leasing portfolio. Charge-offs and write-downs for 2009 will depend on economic conditions, especially the market prices for secondary trucking and construction equipment.
There are no commitments to lend additional funds to customers with loans on nonaccrual status as of December 31, 2008. The table below summarizes our nonperforming assets for the last five years.
Nonperforming Assets
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | As of December 31, | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | (dollar amounts in thousands) | |
Nonaccrual loans | | $ | 18,453 | | | $ | 3,372 | | | $ | 2,653 | | | $ | 1,314 | | | $ | 985 | |
Loans past due 90 days and still accruing | | | 2,706 | | | | 2,289 | | | | 1,325 | | | | 1,042 | | | | 1,230 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total nonperforming loans | | $ | 21,159 | | | $ | 5,661 | | | $ | 3,978 | | | $ | 2,356 | | | $ | 2,215 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other real estate owned | | $ | 7,145 | | | $ | 2,452 | | | $ | 1,982 | | | $ | 1,552 | | | $ | 2,338 | |
Repossessed assets | | | 1,680 | | | | 1,834 | | | | 2,231 | | | | 1,891 | | | | 2,472 | |
Nonaccrual loans | | | 18,453 | | | | 3,372 | | | | 2,653 | | | | 1,314 | | | | 985 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total nonperforming assets | | $ | 27,278 | | | $ | 7,658 | | | $ | 6,866 | | | $ | 4,757 | | | $ | 5,795 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Nonperforming loans as a percentage of total loans | | | 2.09 | % | | | 0.59 | % | | | 0.47 | % | | | 0.31 | % | | | 0.37 | % |
Nonperforming assets as a percentage of total assets | | | 2.14 | % | | | 0.63 | % | | | 0.61 | % | | | 0.46 | % | | | 0.76 | % |
Nonperforming assets + loans 90 days past due to total assets | | | 2.35 | % | | | 0.82 | % | | | 0.72 | % | | | 0.56 | % | | | 0.92 | % |
While nonperforming assets have increased over prior years, our key nonperforming asset ratios remain better than those of our peer group. The ratio of nonaccrual loans and loans 90 days past due to gross loans was 2.09% and 2.50% for FSGBank and our peer group, respectively. The ratio of nonaccrual loans and loans 90 days past due to the allowance for loan losses was 121.71% and 149.95% for FSGBank and our peer group, respectively. The ratio of nonaccrual loans and loans 90 days past due to equity capital was 15.20% and 20.00% for FSGBank and our peer group, respectively. The ratio of nonaccrual loans, loans 90 days past due, and other real estate owned to gross loans and other real estate owned was 2.78% and 3.02% for FSGBank and our peer group, respectively.
Investment Securities and Other Earning Assets
The composition of our securities portfolio reflects our investment strategy of maintaining an appropriate level of liquidity while providing a relatively stable source of income. Our securities portfolio also provides a balance to interest rate risk and credit risk in other categories of the balance sheet while providing a vehicle for
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investing available funds, furnishing liquidity and supplying securities to pledge as required collateral for certain deposits and borrowed funds. We use three categories to classify our securities: “held-to-maturity”, “available-for-sale” and “trading.” Currently, all of our investments are classified as available-for-sale. While we have no plans to liquidate a significant amount of any securities, the securities classified as available-for-sale may be used for liquidity purposes should management deem it to be in our best interest.
Securities in our portfolio totaled $139.3 million at December 31, 2008, compared to $131.8 million at December 31, 2007. We believe our current level of investment securities provides an appropriate level of liquidity and provides a proper balance to our interest rate and credit risk in our loan portfolio. As of December 31, 2008, the available-for-sale securities portfolio had unrealized gains of approximately $1.2 million, net of tax, as compared to unrealized gains of $560 thousand, net of tax, at December 31, 2007. Our securities portfolio at December 31, 2008 consisted of tax-exempt municipal securities, federal agency bonds, federal agency issued Real Estate Mortgage Investment Conduits (REMICs), federal agency issued pools and asset-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations (CMOs).
The following table provides the amortized cost of our securities, as of December 31, 2008, by their stated maturities (this maturity schedule excludes security prepayment and call features), as well as the tax equivalent yields for each maturity range.
Maturity of Investment Securities—Amortized Cost
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Less than one year | | | One year to five years | | | Five years to ten years | | | More than ten years | | | Total | |
| | (dollar amounts in thousands) | |
Municipal—tax exempt | | $ | 857 | | | $ | 10,810 | | | $ | 25,333 | | | $ | 6,053 | | | $ | 43,053 | |
Agency bonds | | | — | | | | 6,500 | | | | 2,000 | | | | — | | | | 8,500 | |
Agency issued REMICs | | | 1,344 | | | | 27,800 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 29,144 | |
Agency issued pools | | | 144 | | | | 27,411 | | | | 18,507 | | | | 4,750 | | | | 50,812 | |
Asset backed & CMOs | | | — | | | | 2,329 | | | | 3,593 | | | | — | | | | 5,922 | |
Other | | | — | | | | — | | | | 61 | | | | 64 | | | | 125 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 2,345 | | | $ | 74,850 | | | $ | 49,494 | | | $ | 10,867 | | | $ | 137,556 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Tax equivalent yield | | | 5.19 | % | | | 4.98 | % | | | 5.60 | % | | | 5.91 | % | | | 5.28 | % |
The following table details our investment portfolio by type of investment.
Investment Securities by Type—Amortized Cost
| | | | | | | | | |
| | As of December 31, |
| | 2008 | | 2007 | | 2006 |
| | (in thousands) |
Securities available-for-sale | | | | | | | | | |
Debt securities— | | | | | | | | | |
Federal agencies | | $ | 8,500 | | $ | 26,124 | | $ | 33,547 |
Mortgage-backed | | | 85,878 | | | 61,720 | | | 75,716 |
Municipals | | | 43,053 | | | 42,971 | | | 45,115 |
Other | | | 125 | | | 186 | | | 702 |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 137,556 | | $ | 131,001 | | $ | 155,080 |
| | | | | | | | | |
We currently have the ability and intent to hold our available-for-sale investment securities to maturity. However, should conditions change, we may sell unpledged securities. Our management considers the overall quality of the securities portfolio to be high. All securities held are traded in historically liquid markets, except for one bond.
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The bond is a $250 thousand investment in a Qualified Zone Academy Bond (within the meaning of Section 1379E of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended) issued by the Health, Educational and Housing Facility Board of the County of Knox under the authority from the State of Tennessee.
As of December 31, 2008, we performed an impairment assessment of the securities in our portfolio that had an unrealized loss to determine whether the decline in the fair value of those securities below their cost was other-than-temporary. Impairment is considered other-than-temporary when it becomes probable that we will be unable to recover the cost of an investment. The impairment assessment takes into consideration factors such as (1) the length of time and the extent to which the market value has been less than cost, (2) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, including events specific to the issuer or industry, (3) defaults or deferrals of scheduled interest, principal or dividend payments, (4) external credit ratings and recent downgrades and (5) our intent and ability to hold the security for a period of time sufficient to allow for a recovery in fair value. If a decline is determined to be other-than-temporary, the cost basis of the individual security is written down to fair value, which then becomes the new cost basis. The new cost basis would not be adjusted in future periods for subsequent recoveries in fair value, if any.
The following table shows the gross unrealized losses and fair value of the our investments with unrealized losses that are not deemed to be other-than-temporarily impaired, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, at December 31, 2008.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Less Than 12 Months | | 12 months or Greater | | Totals |
| | Fair Value | | Unrealized Losses | | Fair Value | | Unrealized Losses | | Fair Value | | Unrealized Losses |
| | (in thousands) |
December 31, 2008 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Mortgage-Backed | | $ | 6,034 | | $ | 769 | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 6,034 | | $ | 769 |
Municipals | | | 10,525 | | | 408 | | | — | | | — | | | 10,525 | | | 408 |
Other | | | 16 | | | 109 | | | — | | | — | | | 16 | | | 109 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Totals | | $ | 16,575 | | $ | 1,286 | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 16,575 | | $ | 1,286 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The unrealized loss position in mortgage-backed securities is primarily isolated to five private label CMOs. These securities are all Moody rated AAA bonds. The unrealized loss is primarily due to rising long-term interest rates subsequent to purchase and in the case of private label CMOs, additional credit spread widening since purchase. One security has a $545 thousand, or 18%, unrealized loss. The loan to value on the underlying mortgages of this bond is under 70% and the average credit score of the underlying mortgage borrowers was 740. We believe the five CMOs with unrealized losses remain high quality investment grade securities with appropriate credit quality and collateral strength. Based on results of our impairment assessment, we consider the unrealized loss at December 31, 2008 to be temporary.
The unrealized loss position in the municipal securities is primarily a result of rising long-term interest rates and additional credit spread widening subsequent to purchase. Unrealized losses will decline as interest rates fall to the purchased yield and as the securities approach maturity. Based on results of our impairment assessment, we consider the unrealized loss at December 31, 2008 to be temporary.
The unrealized loss position in the Other securities category is in two trust preferred security pools. The unrealized loss is primarily a result of a decline in demand for trust preferred securities as a result of the disruptions in the financial markets and widening of credit spread. Both securities are A+ rated by Fitch and passed the stress test for credit quality and collateral strength. Based on results of our impairment assessment, we consider the unrealized loss at December 31, 2008 to be temporary.
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As of December 31, 2008, we owned securities from issuers in which the aggregate book value from such issuers exceeded 10% of our stockholders’ equity. As of year-end 2008, the book value and market value of the securities from each such issuer are as follows:
| | | | | | |
| | Book Value | | Market Value |
| | (in thousands) |
Fannie Mae | | $ | 25,424 | | $ | 26,106 |
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation | | $ | 54,011 | | $ | 52,485 |
As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, we held $100 thousand in certificates of deposit at other FDIC insured financial institutions. At December 31, 2008 and 2007, we had no federal funds sold.
Deposits and Other Borrowings
Deposits increased by $173.7 million, or 19%, from year-end 2007 to year-end 2008 due to growth in brokered deposits, which replaced overnight borrowings. At December 31, 2007, overnight borrowings totaled $103.8 million while brokered deposits totaled $63.7 million. At December 31, 2008, overnight borrowings declined by $89.8 million to $14.0 million as brokered deposits increased $193.4 million to $257.1 million. The high level of overnight borrowings at the end of 2007 was planned to take advantage of the anticipated rate decreases in 2008 and to offset a portion of our asset sensitivity. During the fourth quarter of 2008, we significantly reduced our exposure to overnight borrowings by replacing them with brokered deposits. We did this in order to improve our contingent liquidity funding plan by increasing our overnight collateralized borrowing capacity at the FHLB. During 2008, in addition to brokered certificates of deposits, we initiated brokered money market and NOW accounts as well as implementing Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service® (CDARS®). CDARS® is a network of banks that allows customers’ CDs to receive full FDIC insurance of up to $50 million. Additionally, as a member bank, we have the opportunity to purchase or sell one-way time deposits. At year-end 2008, our CDARS® balance consisted of $33.5 million in one-way buy deposits and $3.6 million in our customers’ reciprocal accounts. Brokered deposits at December 31, 2008 and 2007, were as follows:
Brokered Deposits
| | | | | | |
| | 2008 | | 2007 |
| | (in thousands) |
Brokered certificates of deposits | | $ | 141,172 | | $ | 63,731 |
Brokered money market accounts | | | 78,559 | | | — |
Brokered NOW accounts | | | 203 | | | — |
CDARS® | | | 37,164 | | | — |
| | | | | | |
| | $ | 257,098 | | $ | 63,731 |
| | | | | | |
Core deposits, including retail CDs, remained flat from year-end 2007 to year-end 2008. We consider our retail CDs to be a stable source of funding because they are in-market, relationship-oriented deposits. Savings and money market accounts increased $19.9 million, which was fully offset by declines in other core deposit categories. Core deposit growth is an important tenet to our business strategy. We believe that by improving our branching network, we will provide more convenient opportunities for customers to bank with us, and thus improve our core deposit funding. For this reason, we plan to continue our de novo branch growth model, including the planned opening of our Hixson (Chattanooga), Tennessee branch in the second quarter of 2009. We anticipate core deposits to grow in 2009.
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The table below is a maturity schedule for our certificates of deposit, including brokered CDs, in amounts of $100 thousand or more as of December 31, 2008.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Less than 3 months | | Three months to six months | | Six months to twelve months | | Greater than twelve months |
| | (in thousands) |
Certificates of deposit of $100 or more | | $ | 64,094 | | $ | 37,987 | | $ | 72,783 | | $ | 31,638 |
Brokered certificates of deposit | | $ | 24,361 | | $ | 33,774 | | $ | 42,184 | | $ | 40,853 |
CDARS® | | $ | 17,187 | | $ | 97 | | $ | 12,148 | | $ | 7,732 |
At December 31, 2008 and 2007, we had securities sold under repurchase agreements with commercial checking customers of $16.0 million and $23.5 million, respectively. We also had a structured repurchase agreement with another financial institution of $10.0 million at December 31, 2008. This agreement has a five year term with a variable rate of three-month LIBOR minus 75 basis points for the first year and a fixed rate of 3.93% for the remaining term. The agreement was callable on November 6, 2008, the first anniversary, and quarterly thereafter. The stated maturity is November 2012.
As a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Cincinnati (FHLB), we have the ability to acquire short and long-term advances through a blanket agreement secured by our unencumbered qualifying 1-4 family first mortgage loans and qualifying commercial real estate loans equal to at least 135% and 300%, respectively, of outstanding advances. We also use FSGBank’s borrowing capacity at the FHLB to purchase a letter of credit that we pledged to the State of Tennessee Collateral Pool. The $9 million letter of credit allows us to release investment securities from the Collateral Pool and thus improve our liquidity ratio.
The terms of our overnight borrowings, FHLB advances and other borrowing as of December 31, 2008 are as follows:
FHLB Advances and Other Borrowings
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Maturity Year | | Origination Date | | | Type | | Principal | | Original Term | | Rate | | | Maturity |
| | | | | | | (in thousands) | | | | | | | |
2009 | | 12/31/2008 | | | Federal Funds Purchased | | $ | 14,020 | | Overnight | | 1.00 | % | | 1/2/2009 |
2009 | | 1/26/2006 | * | | FHLB fixed rate advance | | | 2,667 | | 48 months | | 4.11 | % | | 1/26/2009 |
2011 | | 6/18/1996 | * | | FHLB fixed rate advance | | | 1 | | 180 months | | 7.70 | % | | 7/1/2011 |
2011 | | 9/16/1996 | * | | FHLB fixed rate advance | | | 2 | | 180 months | | 7.50 | % | | 10/1/2011 |
2012 | | 9/9/1997 | * | | FHLB fixed rate advance | | | 3 | | 180 months | | 7.05 | % | | 10/1/2012 |
2015 | | 1/5/1995 | | | Fixed rate mortgage | | | 104 | | 240 months | | 7.50 | % | | 1/5/2015 |
| | | |
Aggregate composite rate | | 1.50 | % |
Overnight rate | | 1.00 | % |
48 month composite rate | | 4.11 | % |
180 month composite rate | | 7.34 | % |
240 month composite rate | | 7.50 | % |
* | Assumed as part of the acquisition of Jackson Bank. |
Interest Rate Sensitivity
Financial institutions are subject to interest rate risk to the degree that their interest bearing liabilities (consisting principally of customer deposits) mature or reprice more or less frequently, or on a different basis, than their interest earning assets (generally consisting of intermediate or long-term loans, investment securities and federal funds sold). The match between the scheduled repricing and maturities of our earning assets and liabilities within defined time periods is referred to as “gap” analysis. At December 31, 2008, our cumulative
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one-year gap was a negative (or liability sensitive) $188.2 million, or 16% of total earning assets. At December 31, 2007, our cumulative one-year gap was a negative (or liability sensitive) $76.1 million, or 7.0% of total earning assets. The increase is primarily related to our loan portfolio extending combined with an increase in short-term time deposits.
The following “gap” analysis provides information based on maturities. The “Interest Rate Risk Income Sensitivity Summary” table, located in Item 7A, incorporates additional assumptions, including prepayments on loans and securities and reinvestments of paydowns and maturities of loans, investments, and deposits. Incorporating the additional assumptions, we remain asset sensitive. We believe the Income Sensitivity Summary table located in Item 7A provides a more accurate analysis related to interest rate risk.
The following table reflects our rate sensitive assets and liabilities by maturity as of December 31, 2008. Variable rate loans are shown in the category of due “one to three months” because they reprice with changes in the prime lending rate. Fixed rate loans are presented assuming the entire loan matures on the final due date, although payments are actually made at regular intervals and are not reflected in this schedule. Additionally, demand deposits and savings accounts have no stated maturity; however, it has been our experience that these accounts are not totally rate sensitive, and accordingly the following analysis assumes 11% of interest bearing demand deposit accounts, 33% of money market deposit accounts, and 20% of savings accounts reprice within one year and the remaining accounts reprice within one to five years.
Interest Rate Gap Sensitivity
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | As of December 31, 2008 |
| | Within Three Months | | After Three Months but Within One Year | | | After One but Within Five Years | | After Five Years and Non-rate Sensitive | | | Total |
| | (in thousands) |
Interest earning assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest bearing deposits | | $ | 818 | | $ | 100 | | | $ | — | | $ | — | | | $ | 918 |
Federal funds sold | | | — | | | — | | | | — | | | — | | | | — |
Securities | | | 932 | | | 2,469 | | | | 49,924 | | | 85,980 | | | | 139,305 |
Mortgage loans held for sale | | | 1,609 | | | — | | | | — | | | — | | | | 1,609 |
Loans | | | 342,432 | | | 151,616 | | | | 453,927 | | | 62,000 | | | | 1,009,975 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total interest earning assets | | | 345,791 | | | 154,185 | | | | 503,851 | | | 147,980 | | | | 1,151,807 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest bearing liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Demand deposits | | | 3,377 | | | 3,377 | | | | 54,648 | | | — | | | | 61,402 |
MMDA deposits | | | 19,327 | | | 19,327 | | | | 78,478 | | | — | | | | 117,132 |
Savings deposits | | | 3,413 | | | 3,413 | | | | 27,301 | | | — | | | | 34,127 |
Time deposits | | | 172,782 | | | 341,733 | | | | 120,301 | | | — | | | | 634,816 |
Brokered MMDA | | | 78,762 | | | — | | | | — | | | — | | | | 78,762 |
Fed funds purchased/repos | | | 40,036 | | | — | | | | — | | | — | | | | 40,036 |
Other borrowings | | | 2,667 | | | — | | | | — | | | 110 | | | | 2,777 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total interest bearing liabilities | | | 320,364 | | | 367,850 | | | | 280,728 | | | 110 | | | | 969,052 |
Noninterest bearing sources of funds | | | — | | | — | | | | — | | | 182,755 | | | | 182,755 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest sensitivity gap | | $ | 25,427 | | $ | (213,665 | ) | | $ | 223,123 | | $ | (34,885 | ) | | $ | — |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cumulative sensitivity gap | | $ | 25,427 | | $ | (188,238 | ) | | $ | 34,885 | | $ | — | | | $ | — |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Liquidity
Liquidity refers to our ability to adjust our future cash flows to meet the needs of our daily operations. We rely primarily on management service fees and dividends from FSGBank to fund the liquidity needs of our daily operations. Our cash balance on deposit with FSGBank, which totaled approximately $1.3 million as of
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December 31, 2008, is available for funding activities for which FSGBank would not receive direct benefit, such as acquisition due diligence, shareholder relations, including dividends, and holding company reporting and operations. These funds should adequately meet our cash flow needs. If we determine that our cash flow needs will be satisfactorily met, we may deploy a portion of the funds into FSGBank or use them in an acquisition in order to support continued growth.
The liquidity of FSGBank refers to the ability or financial flexibility to adjust its future cash flows to meet the needs of depositors and borrowers and to fund operations on a timely and cost effective basis. The primary sources of funds for FSGBank are cash generated by repayments of outstanding loans, interest payments on loans, and new deposits. Additional liquidity is available from the maturity and earnings on securities and liquid assets, as well as the ability to liquidate securities available-for-sale.
At December 31, 2008, our consolidated liquidity ratio (defined as cash, due from banks, federal funds sold, and investment securities less securities pledged to liabilities divided by short-term funding liabilities less liabilities pledged by securities) was 13% (excluding anticipated loan repayments). Three, six, nine and twelve months earlier on September 30th, June 30th, March 31st and December 31st, our liquidity ratios were 11%, 12%, 13% and 13%, respectively. We anticipate our liquidity ratio to average around 13% for 2009.
As a member of the FHLB, FSGBank has attained short and long-term borrowing capability secured by a blanket lien on its qualifying 1-4 family first mortgage loan portfolio and qualifying commercial real estate loan portfolio. As of December 31, 2008, the outstanding term borrowings were $2.7 million. FSGBank also used its borrowing capacity at the FHLB to purchase a $9.0 million letter of credit that we pledged to the State of Tennessee Bank Collateral Pool. The letter of credit allows us to release investment securities from the Collateral Pool and thus improve our liquidity ratio. Additionally, FSGBank could increase its borrowing capacity at the FHLB, subject to more stringent collateral requirements, by pledging loans other than 1-4 family first mortgage and commercial real estate loans. As of December 31, 2008, our unused borrowing capacity (using 1-4 family first mortgage and commercial real estate loans) at the FHLB was $131.1 million compared to $34.0 million at year-end 2007. In the second half of 2008, we deliberately improved our collateralized borrowing capacity at the FHLB due to the recession and our desire to enhance our contingent funding sources. The FHLB maintains standards for loan collateral files. Therefore, our borrowing capacity may be restricted if our collateral file has exceptions, such as expired property insurance.
FSGBank also had unsecured federal funds lines in the aggregate amount of $78.0 million at December 31, 2008 under which it can borrow funds to meet short-term liquidity needs. The federal funds lines in use at year-end totaled $14.0 million. Another source of funding is loan participations sold to other commercial banks (in which we retain the servicing rights). As of year-end, we had $10.6 million in loan participations sold. FSGBank may continue to sell loan participations as a source of liquidity. We may also pledge investment securities against a line of credit at a commercial bank as an additional source of short-term funding. As of year-end, we had no borrowings against our investment securities, except for repurchase agreements and public fund deposits attained in the ordinary course of business.
We utilize brokered deposits to provide an additional source of funding for loan growth. As of December 31, 2008, we had $141.2 million in brokered CDs outstanding with a weighted average remaining life of approximately 11 months, a weighted average coupon rate of 3.42% and a weighted average all-in cost (which includes fees paid to deposit brokers) of 3.68%. Additionally, we had $78.8 million in brokered money market accounts. Our CDARS® product had $37.2 million at December 31, 2008, with a weighted average coupon rate of 2.96% and a weighted average remaining life of approximately 8 months. Our certificates of deposit greater than $100 thousand were generated in our communities and are considered relatively stable. Management believes that our liquidity sources are adequate to meet our operating needs. Subsequently to year-end, we applied to the Federal Reserve discount window as an abundance of caution due to the current economic climate. We continue to study our contingency funding plans and update them as needed paying particular attention to the sensitivity of our liquidity and deposit base to positive and negative changes in our asset quality.
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First Security also has contractual cash obligations and commitments, which included certificates of deposit, other borrowings, operating leases and loan commitments. Unfunded loan commitments totaled $278.0 million at year-end. The following table illustrates our significant contractual obligations at December 31, 2008 by future payment period.
Contractual Obligations
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Total | | Less than One Year | | One to Three Years | | Three to Five Years | | More than Five Years |
| | (in thousands) |
Certificates of deposit(1) | | $ | 456,480 | | $ | 384,764 | | $ | 65,398 | | $ | 6,318 | | $ | — |
Brokered certificates of deposit(1) | | | 141,172 | | | 100,319 | | | 38,307 | | | 2,546 | | | — |
CDARS®(1) | | | 37,164 | | | 29,432 | | | 7,732 | | | — | | | — |
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase(2) | | | 40,036 | | | 40,036 | | | — | | | — | | | — |
FHLB borrowings | | | 2,673 | | | 2,667 | | | 3 | | | 3 | | | — |
Operating lease obligations(3) | | | 4,498 | | | 981 | | | 1,374 | | | 494 | | | 1,649 |
Note payable(4) | | | 104 | | | 14 | | | 31 | | | 37 | | | 22 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 682,127 | | $ | 558,213 | | $ | 112,845 | | $ | 9,398 | | $ | 1,671 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
1 | Certificates of deposit give customers rights to early withdrawal. Early withdrawals may be subject to penalties. The penalty amount depends on the remaining time to maturity at the time of early withdrawal. |
2 | We expect securities repurchase agreements to be re-issued and, as such, they do not necessarily represent an immediate need for cash. |
3 | Operating lease obligations include existing and future property and equipment non-cancelable lease commitments. |
4 | This note payable is a mortgage on the land of our branch facility located at 2905 Maynardville Highway, Maynardville, Tennessee. |
Net cash provided by operations in 2008 total $14.2 million compared to net cash provided by operations of $21.6 million and $21.6 million for 2007 and 2006, respectively. Cash flows from operations in 2008 were reduced due to lower net income and a decrease in other liabilities, partially offset by an increase in provision expense. Net cash used in investing activities decreased to $83.0 million in 2008 as compared to $86.3 million and $108.1 million in 2007 and 2006, respectively. The decrease in 2008 can be attributed to a reduction in net loan originations and principal collections. The decrease in 2007 can be attributed to the investment securities portfolio, including the $27.0 million in investment securities sales and reduced purchases. Net cash provided by financing activities was $64.6 million in 2008 compared to $64.0 million and $72.8 million in 2007 and 2006, respectively. During 2008, we replaced our overnight borrowings and federal funds purchased with brokered deposits. Brokered deposits were our primary source of funding loan growth in 2008.
Capital Resources
Banks and bank holding companies, as regulated institutions, must meet required levels of capital. The OCC and the Federal Reserve Board, the primary federal regulators for FSGBank and First Security, respectively, have adopted minimum capital regulations or guidelines that categorize components and the level of risk associated with various types of assets. Financial institutions are expected to maintain a level of capital commensurate with the risk profile assigned to their assets in accordance with the guidelines. First Security and FSGBank both maintain capital levels exceeding the minimum capital levels required in addition to exceeding those capital requirements for well capitalized banks and holding companies under applicable regulatory guidelines.
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The following table compares the required capital ratios maintained by First Security and FSGBank.
Capital Ratios
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
December 31, 2008 | | Well Capitalized | | | Adequately Capitalized | | | First Security | | | FSGBank | |
Tier 1 capital to risk adjusted assets | | 6.0 | % | | 4.0 | % | | 9.9 | % | | 9.4 | % |
Total capital to risk adjusted assets | | 10.0 | % | | 8.0 | % | | 11.1 | % | | 10.7 | % |
Leverage ratio | | 5.0 | % | | 4.0 | % | | 8.7 | % | | 8.3 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
December 31, 2007 | | Well Capitalized | | | Adequately Capitalized | | | First Security | | | FSGBank | |
Tier 1 capital to risk adjusted assets | | 6.0 | % | | 4.0 | % | | 10.8 | % | | 10.2 | % |
Total capital to risk adjusted assets | | 10.0 | % | | 8.0 | % | | 11.8 | % | | 11.2 | % |
Leverage ratio | | 5.0 | % | | 4.0 | % | | 9.7 | % | | 9.2 | % |
Effect of Governmental Policies
We are affected by the policies of regulatory authorities, including the Federal Reserve Board, the OCC and the FDIC. An important function of the Federal Reserve Board is to regulate the national money supply.
Among the instruments of monetary policy used by the Federal Reserve Board are: purchases and sales of U.S. Government securities in the marketplace; changes in the discount rate, which is the rate any depository institution must pay to borrow from the Federal Reserve; and changes in the reserve requirements of depository institutions. These instruments are effective in influencing economic and monetary growth, interest rate levels and inflation.
The monetary policies of the Federal Reserve Board and other governmental policies have had a significant effect on the operating results of commercial banks in the past and are expected to continue to do so in the future. Because of changing conditions in the national and international economy and in the money markets, as well as the result of actions by monetary and fiscal authorities, it is not possible to predict with certainty future changes in interest rates, deposit levels or loan demand or whether the changing economic conditions will have a positive or negative effect on operations and earnings.
The FDIC’s initiative to increase the Deposit Insurance Fund through increased recurring FDIC insurance assessments as well as an additional one-time assessment for as of June 30, 2009 will have a significant negative impact on the financial results of all banks.
Legislation is from time to time introduced in the United States Congress and the Tennessee General Assembly and other state legislatures, and regulations are proposed by the regulatory agencies that could affect our business. It cannot be predicted whether or in what form any of these proposals will be adopted or the extent to which our business may be affected thereby.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We are party to credit-related financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of our customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit. Such commitments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated balance sheets.
Our exposure to credit loss is represented by the contractual amount of these commitments. We follow the same credit policies in making commitments as we do for on-balance-sheet instruments.
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Our maximum exposure to credit risk for unfunded loan commitments and standby letters of credit at December 31, 2008 and 2007, was as follows:
| | | | | | |
| | 2008 | | 2007 |
| | (in thousands) |
Commitments to Extend Credit | | $ | 278,011 | | $ | 304,187 |
Standby Letters of Credit | | $ | 21,880 | | $ | 16,923 |
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to customers. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of fees. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. We evaluate each customer’s credit worthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral, if any, we obtain on an extension of credit is based on our credit evaluation of the customer. Collateral held varies but may include accounts receivable, inventory, property and equipment and income-producing commercial properties.
Recent Accounting Developments
In October 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued FASB Staff Position No. FAS 157-3, “Determining the Fair Value of a Financial Asset When the Market for that Asset is Not Active” (FSP FAS 157-3). FSP FAS 157-3 clarifies the application of SFAS No. 157 in a market that is not active and provides an example to illustrate key considerations in determining fair value of a financial asset when the market for that asset is not active. FSP FAS 157-3 was effective upon issuance, including prior periods for which financial statements had not been issued. We applied the guidance in FSP FAS 157-3 in its fair value measurements as of September 30, 2008 and the effects of adoption were not material to our consolidated financial statements.
In March 2008, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities—an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133” (SFAS 161). SFAS 161 requires enhanced disclosures related to derivatives accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 133 and reconsiders existing disclosure requirements for such derivatives and any related hedging items. The disclosures provided in SFAS 161 will be required for both interim and annual reporting periods. SFAS 161 is effective prospectively for quarterly interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. We are currently assessing the effects of adopting SFAS 161.
In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141R,Business Combinations, which revises SFAS No. 141 and changes multiple aspects of the accounting for business combinations. Under the guidance in SFAS 141R, the acquisition method must be used, which requires the acquirer to recognize most identifiable assets acquired, liabilities assumed and noncontrolling interests in the acquiree at their full fair value on the acquisition date. Goodwill is to be recognized as the excess of the consideration transferred plus the fair value of the noncontrolling interest over the fair values of the identifiable net assets acquired. Subsequent changes in the fair value of contingent consideration classified as a liability are to be recognized in earnings, while contingent consideration classified as equity is not to be remeasured. Cost such as transaction costs are to be excluded from acquisition accounting, generally leading to recognizing expense and additionally, restructuring costs that do not meet certain criteria at acquisition date are to be subsequently recognized as post-acquisition costs. SFAS 141R is effective for business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. We are currently evaluating the impact that this issuance will have on our consolidated financial statements; however, we anticipate that the standard will lead to more volatility in the results of operations during the periods subsequent to an acquisition.
In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (SFAS 159). The Statement allows an irrevocable election to measure certain financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value on an instrument-by-instrument basis,
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with unrealized gains and losses recognized currently in earnings. Under SFAS 159, the fair value option may only be elected at the time of initial recognition of a financial asset or financial liability or upon the occurrence of certain specified events. Additionally, SFAS 159 provides that application of the fair value option must be based on the fair value of an entire financial asset or financial liability and not selected risks inherent in those assets or liabilities. SFAS 159 requires that assets and liabilities which are measured at fair value pursuant to the fair value option be reported in the financial statements in a manner that separates those fair values from the carrying amounts of similar assets and liabilities which are measured using another measurement attribute. SFAS 159 also provides expanded disclosure requirements regarding the effects of electing the fair value option on the financial statements. SFAS 159 is effective prospectively for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, with early adoption permitted for fiscal years in which interim financial statements have not been issued, provided that all of the provisions of SFAS 157 are early adopted as well. We early adopted SFAS 159 effective January 1, 2007. Note 16 of our consolidated financial statements provides further information.
In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157,Fair Value Measurements(SFAS 157) to clarify how to measure fair value and to expand disclosures about fair value measurements. The expanded disclosures include the extent to which companies measure assets and liabilities at fair value, the information used to measure fair value, and the effect of fair value on earnings and is applicable whenever other standards require (or permit) assets and liabilities to be measured at fair value. SFAS 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 and interim periods within those fiscal years with early adoption permitted. We adopted SFAS 157 effective January 1, 2007. Note 16 of our consolidated financial statements provides further information.
In July 2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 48,Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes (FIN 48). The Interpretation provides guidance for recognition and measurement of uncertain tax positions that are “more likely than not” of being sustained upon audit, based on the technical merits of the position. FIN 48 also provides guidance on measurement, derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition. The effective date is for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. We adopted FIN 48 as of January 1, 2007. The adoption did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. Note 12 of our consolidated financial statements provides further information.
In November 2005, the FASB issued a FASB Staff Position on FAS No. 115-1 and FAS No. 124-1 (“the FSP”),The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments, which addresses the determination of when an investment is considered impaired; whether the impairment is other-than-temporary; and how to measure an impairment loss. The FSP also addresses accounting considerations subsequent to the recognition of an other-than-temporary impairment on a debt security, and requires certain disclosures about unrealized losses that have not been recognized as other-than-temporary impairments. The FSP replaces the impairment guidance on Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Issue No. 03-1 with references to existing authoritative literature concerning other-than-temporary determinations. Under the FSP, losses arising from impairment deemed to be other-than-temporary, must be recognized in earnings at an amount equal to the entire difference between the security’s cost and its fair value at the financial statement date, without considering partial recoveries subsequent to that date. The FSP also required that an investor recognize an other-than-temporary impairment loss when a decision to sell a security has been made and the investor does not expect the fair value of the security to fully recover prior to the expected time of sale. The FSP is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2005. The adoption of this statement did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In May 2005, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 154 (SFAS No. 154),Accounting Changes and Error Corrections—a replacement of APB Opinion No. 20 and FASB Statement No. 3, which eliminates the requirement to reflect changes in accounting principles as cumulative adjustments to net income in the period of the change and requires retrospective application to prior periods’ financial statements for voluntary changes in accounting principle, unless it is impracticable to determine either the period-specific
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effects or the cumulative effect of the change. If it is impracticable to determine the cumulative effect of the change to all prior periods, SFAS 154 requires that the new accounting principle be adopted prospectively. For new accounting pronouncements, the transition guidance in the pronouncement should be followed. Retrospective application refers to the application of a different accounting principle to previously issued financial statements as if that principle had always been used. SFAS 154 did not change the guidance for reporting corrections of errors, changes in estimates or for justification of a change in accounting principle on the basis of preferability. SFAS 154 is effective for accounting changes made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005. The adoption of SFAS 154 did not have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued SFAS No. 123R,Share-Based Payment, (SFAS No. 123R). This Statement is a revision of FASB Statement No. 123,Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, and supersedes APB Opinion No. 25,Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and its related implementation guidance. Under APB 25, issuing stock options to employees generally resulted in recognition of no compensation cost. SFAS 123R requires entities to recognize the cost of employee services received in exchange for awards of equity instruments based on the grant-date fair value of those awards. The cost will be recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award—the requisite service period which is usually the vesting period. No compensation cost is recognized for equity instruments for which employees do not render the requisite service. The grant-date fair value of employee share options and similar instruments will be estimated using option-pricing models adjusted for the unique characteristics of those instruments. If an equity award is modified after the grant date, incremental compensation cost will be recognized in an amount equal to the excess of the fair value of the modified award over the fair value of the original award immediately before the modification. For public entities that do not file as small business issuers, SFAS 123R is effective as of the beginning of the first annual reporting period that begins after June 15, 2005. The adoption of SFAS 123R resulted in compensation expense recorded to our consolidated financial statements.
Item 7A. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk |
Market risk, with respect to First Security, is the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in interest rates and prices. The risk of loss can result in either lower fair market values or reduced net interest income. We manage several types of risk, such as credit, liquidity and interest rate. We consider interest rate risk to be a significant risk that could potentially have a large material effect on our financial condition. Further, we process hypothetical scenarios whereby we shock our balance sheet up and down for possible interest rate changes, we analyze the potential change (positive or negative) to net interest income, as well as the effect of changes in fair market values of assets and liabilities. We do not deal in international instruments, and therefore are not exposed to the risks inherent to foreign currency. Additionally, as of December 31, 2008, we had no trading assets that exposed us to the risks in market changes.
Our interest rate risk management is the responsibility of our Board of Directors’ Asset/Liability Committee (ALCO). The committee has established policies and limits for management to monitor, measure and coordinate our sources, uses, and pricing of funds.
Interest rate risk represents the sensitivity of earnings to changes in interest rates. As interest rates change, the interest income and expense associated with our interest sensitive assets and liabilities also change, thereby impacting net interest income, the primary component of our earnings. ALCO utilizes the results of both a static and dynamic gap report, as well as an income simulation report, to quantify the estimated exposure of net interest income to a sustained change in interest rates.
We monitor and forecast potential interest rate changes based on market data. In a falling interest rate environment, we closely monitor our funding sources and pricing to minimize the impact to our net interest margin for our asset sensitive balance sheet.
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The gap analysis projects net interest income based on both a rise and fall in interest rates of 200 basis points (i.e. 2.00%) over a twelve-month period. The model is based on actual repricing dates of interest sensitive assets and interest sensitive liabilities. The model incorporates assumptions regarding the impact of changing interest rates on the prepayment rates of certain assets.
We measure this exposure based on an immediate change in interest rates of 200 basis points up or down. Given this scenario, we had, at year-end, an exposure to falling rates and a benefit from rising rates. More specifically, the model forecasts a decline in net interest income of $5.8 million or 13%, as a result of a 200 basis point decline in rates. The model also predicts a $4.7 million increase in net interest income, or 10%, as a result of a 200 basis point increase in rates. The forecasted results of the model are within the limits specified by our guidelines. The following chart reflects First Security’s sensitivity to changes in interest rates as of December 31, 2008. The model is based on a static balance sheet and assumes that paydowns and maturities of both assets and liabilities are reinvested in similar instruments at current interest rates, rates down 200 basis points, and rates up 200 basis points.
Interest Rate Risk
Income Sensitivity Summary
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Down 200 BP | | | Current | | | Up 200 BP | |
| | (dollar amounts in thousands) | |
Net interest income | | $ | 39,465 | | | $ | 45,227 | | | $ | 49,917 | |
$ change net interest income | | | (5,762 | ) | | | — | | | | 4,690 | |
% change net interest income | | | (12.74 | )% | | | 0.00 | % | | | 10.37 | % |
The preceding sensitivity analysis is a modeling analysis, which changes periodically and consists of hypothetical estimates based upon numerous assumptions including interest rate levels, shape of the yield curve, prepayments on loans and securities, rates on loans and deposits, reinvestments of paydowns and maturities of loans, investments and deposits, and other assumptions. In addition, there is no input for growth or a change in asset mix. While assumptions are developed based on the current economic and market conditions, management cannot make any assurances as to the predictive nature of these assumptions including how customer preferences or competitor influences might change.
As market conditions vary from those assumed in the sensitivity analysis, actual results will differ. Also, the sensitivity analysis does not reflect actions that management might take in responding to or anticipating changes in interest rates.
We use the Sendero Vision Asset/Liability system which is a comprehensive interest rate risk measurement tool that is widely used in the banking industry. Generally, it provides the user with the ability to more accurately model both static and dynamic gap, economic value of equity, duration, and income simulations using a wide range of scenarios including interest rate shocks and rate ramps. The system also has the capability to model derivative instruments, such as interest rate swap contracts.
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Item 8. | Financial Statements and Supplementary Data |
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
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| | |
DECOSIMO CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS | | Joseph Decosimo and Company, PLLC Suite 1100—Two Union Square Chattanooga, Tennessee 37402 www.decosimo.com |
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
on the Consolidated Financial Statements
Board of Directors and Stockholders
First Security Group, Inc.
Chattanooga, Tennessee
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of First Security Group, Inc. and subsidiary (Company) as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2008. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of First Security Group, Inc. and subsidiary as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2008, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), First Security Group, Inc. and subsidiary’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on criteria established inInternal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated March 13, 2009, expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of First Security Group, Inc. and subsidiary’s internal control over financial reporting.
/s/ Joseph Decosimo and Company, PLLC
Chattanooga, Tennessee
March 13, 2009
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FIRST SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
December 31, 2008 and 2007
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
| | (in thousands, except share data) | |
ASSETS | | | | | | | | |
Cash and Due from Banks | | $ | 23,222 | | | $ | 27,394 | |
Federal Funds Sold and Securities Purchased under Agreements to Resell | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | |
Cash and Cash Equivalents | | | 23,222 | | | | 27,394 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Interest Bearing Deposits in Banks | | | 918 | | | | 296 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Securities Available-for-Sale | | | 139,305 | | | | 131,849 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Loans Held for Sale (at fair value for 2008) | | | 1,609 | | | | 4,396 | |
Loans | | | 1,009,975 | | | | 948,709 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total Loans | | | 1,011,584 | | | | 953,105 | |
Less: Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses | | | 17,385 | | | | 10,956 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | 994,199 | | | | 942,149 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Premises and Equipment, net | | | 33,808 | | | | 34,751 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Goodwill | | | 27,156 | | | | 27,156 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Intangible Assets | | | 2,404 | | | | 3,200 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Other Assets | | | 55,215 | | | | 45,160 | |
| | | | | | | | |
TOTAL ASSETS | | $ | 1,276,227 | | | $ | 1,211,955 | |
| | | | | | | | |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | | | | | | | |
LIABILITIES | | | | | | | | |
Deposits— | | | | | | | | |
Noninterest Bearing Demand | | $ | 150,047 | | | $ | 159,790 | |
Interest Bearing Demand | | | 61,402 | | | | 62,637 | |
Savings and Money Market Accounts | | | 151,259 | | | | 131,352 | |
Certificates of Deposit of less than $100 thousand | | | 249,978 | | | | 259,628 | |
Certificates of Deposit of $100 thousand or more | | | 206,502 | | | | 225,491 | |
Brokered Deposits | | | 257,098 | | | | 63,731 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total Deposits | | | 1,076,286 | | | | 902,629 | |
Federal Funds Purchased and Securities Sold under Agreements to Repurchase | | | 40,036 | | | | 62,286 | |
Security Deposits | | | 2,078 | | | | 2,799 | |
Other Borrowings | | | 2,777 | | | | 80,459 | |
Other Liabilities | | | 10,806 | | | | 16,089 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total Liabilities | | | 1,131,983 | | | | 1,064,262 | |
| | | | | | | | |
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | | | | | | | |
Preferred Stock—no par value—10,000,000 shares authorized for 2008 and none for 2007; no shares issued for 2008 | | | — | | | | — | |
Common Stock—$.01 par value—50,000,000 shares authorized for 2008 and 2007; 16,419,883 shares issued for 2008 and 16,774,728 shares issued for 2007 | | | 114 | | | | 116 | |
Paid-In Surplus | | | 111,777 | | | | 114,631 | |
Unallocated ESOP Shares | | | (5,944 | ) | | | (4,310 | ) |
Retained Earnings | | | 32,387 | | | | 34,279 | |
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income | | | 5,910 | | | | 2,977 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total Stockholders’ Equity | | | 144,244 | | | | 147,693 | |
| | | | | | | | |
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | $ | 1,276,227 | | | $ | 1,211,955 | |
| | | | | | | | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements
75
FIRST SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
Years Ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
INTEREST INCOME | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loans, including fees | | $ | 69,846 | | | $ | 77,288 | | | $ | 67,972 | |
Debt Securities—taxable | | | 4,588 | | | | 4,473 | | | | 5,253 | |
Debt Securities—non-taxable | | | 1,605 | | | | 1,628 | | | | 1,596 | |
Other | | | 49 | | | | 134 | | | | 306 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Interest Income | | | 76,088 | | | | 83,523 | | | | 75,127 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
INTEREST EXPENSE | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest Bearing Demand Deposits | | | 327 | | | | 536 | | | | 589 | |
Savings Deposits and Money Market Accounts | | | 2,285 | | | | 3,168 | | | | 2,861 | |
Certificates of Deposit of less than $100 thousand | | | 10,549 | | | | 13,021 | | | | 10,417 | |
Certificates of Deposit of $100 thousand or more | | | 9,310 | | | | 11,147 | | | | 8,378 | |
Brokered Deposits | | | 4,809 | | | | 3,711 | | | | 3,649 | |
Other | | | 3,581 | | | | 3,018 | | | | 1,251 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Interest Expense | | | 30,861 | | | | 34,601 | | | | 27,145 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
NET INTEREST INCOME | | | 45,227 | | | | 48,922 | | | | 47,982 | |
Provision for Loan and Lease Losses | | | 15,753 | | | | 2,155 | | | | 2,184 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
NET INTEREST INCOME AFTER PROVISION FOR LOAN AND LEASE LOSSES | | | 29,474 | | | | 46,767 | | | | 45,798 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
NONINTEREST INCOME | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Service Charges on Deposit Accounts | | | 5,284 | | | | 5,199 | | | | 4,843 | |
Gain (Loss) on Sales of Available-for-Sale Securities | | | 146 | | | | (168 | ) | | | (197 | ) |
Other-than-Temporary Impairment of Securities | | | — | | | | (584 | ) | | | — | |
Other | | | 6,252 | | | | 6,853 | | | | 5,971 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Noninterest Income | | | 11,682 | | | | 11,300 | | | | 10,617 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
NONINTEREST EXPENSES | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Salaries and Employee Benefits | | | 21,577 | | | | 22,836 | | | | 22,108 | |
Expense on Premises and Equipment, net of rental income | | | 6,564 | | | | 6,807 | | | | 6,613 | |
Other | | | 12,241 | | | | 11,798 | | | | 11,296 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Noninterest Expenses | | | 40,382 | | | | 41,441 | | | | 40,017 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAX (BENEFIT) PROVISION | | | 774 | | | | 16,626 | | | | 16,398 | |
Income Tax (Benefit) Provision | | | (587 | ) | | | 5,270 | | | | 5,286 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
NET INCOME | | $ | 1,361 | | | $ | 11,356 | | | $ | 11,112 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
NET INCOME PER SHARE: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Income Per Share—Basic | | $ | 0.08 | | | $ | 0.67 | | | $ | 0.64 | |
Net Income Per Share—Diluted | | $ | 0.08 | | | $ | 0.66 | | | $ | 0.63 | |
Dividends Declared Per Common Share | | $ | 0.20 | | | $ | 0.20 | | | $ | 0.13 | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements
76
FIRST SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Years Ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
(in thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Common Stock | | | Paid-In Surplus | | | Retained Earnings | | | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | | | Unallocated ESOP Shares | | | Total Stockholders’ Equity | | | Total Comprehensive Income |
| | Shares | | | Amount | | | | | | | |
BALANCE—December 31, 2005 | | 17,654 | | | $ | 122 | | | $ | 122,545 | | | $ | 17,392 | | | $ | (1,579 | ) | | $ | (91 | ) | | $ | 138,389 | | | | |
Issuance of Common Stock | | 25 | | | | | | | | 254 | | | | | | | | | | | | (5,471 | ) | | | (5,217 | ) | | | |
Issuance of Common Stock to ESOP | | 170 | | | | 1 | | | | 1,876 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1,877 | | | | |
Comprehensive income— | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Income | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 11,112 | | | | | | | | | | | | 11,112 | | | $ | 11,112 |
Change in Net Unrealized (Loss): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Securities Available-for-Sale, net of tax and reclassification adjustments | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 708 | | | | | | | | 708 | | | | 708 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Comprehensive income | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 11,820 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Dividends Paid | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (2,167 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | (2,167 | ) | | | |
Stock-based Compensation | | | | | | | | | | 455 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 455 | | | | |
ESOP Allocation | | | | | | | | | | 80 | | | | | | | | | | | | 468 | | | | 548 | | | | |
Repurchase and Retirement of Common Stock (87,420 shares) | | (87 | ) | | | | | | | (917 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (917 | ) | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
BALANCE—December 31, 2006 | | 17,762 | | | | 123 | | | | 124,293 | | | | 26,337 | | | | (871 | ) | | | (5,094 | ) | | | 144,788 | | | | |
Issuance of Common Stock | | 13 | | | | | | | | 96 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 96 | | | | |
Comprehensive income— | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Income | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 11,356 | | | | | | | | | | | | 11,356 | | | $ | 11,356 |
Change in Net Unrealized (Loss) Gain: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Securities Available-for-Sale, net of tax and reclassification adjustments | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1,431 | | | | | | | | 1,431 | | | | 1,431 |
Fair value of Derivatives, net of tax and reclassification adjustments | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2,417 | | | | | | | | 2,417 | | | | 2,417 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Comprehensive income | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 15,204 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Dividends Paid | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (3,414 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | (3,414 | ) | | | |
Stock-based Compensation | | | | | | | | | | 633 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 633 | | | | |
ESOP Allocation | | | | | | | | | | (10 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | 784 | | | | 774 | | | | |
Repurchase and Retirement of Common Stock (1,000,000 shares) | | (1,000 | ) | | | (7 | ) | | | (10,381 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (10,388 | ) | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
BALANCE—December 31, 2007 | | 16,775 | | | | 116 | | | | 114,631 | | | | 34,279 | | | | 2,977 | | | | (4,310 | ) | | | 147,693 | | | | |
Issuance of Common Stock | | 4 | | | | | | | | — | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | — | | | | |
Comprehensive income— | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Income | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1,361 | | | | | | | | | | | | 1,361 | | | $ | 1,361 |
Change in Net Unrealized Gain: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Securities Available-for-Sale, net of tax and reclassification adjustments | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 598 | | | | | | | | 598 | | | | 598 |
Fair value of Derivatives, net of tax and reclassification adjustments | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2,335 | | | | | | | | 2,335 | | | | 2,335 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Comprehensive income | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 4,294 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Dividends Paid | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (3,253 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | (3,253 | ) | | | |
Stock-based Compensation | | | | | | | | | | 584 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 584 | | | | |
ESOP Allocation | | | | | | | | | | (637 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | 1,399 | | | | 762 | | | | |
ESOP Purchases of Common Stock | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (3,033 | ) | | | (3,033 | ) | | | |
Repurchase and Retirement of Common Stock (358,495 shares) | | (359 | ) | | | (2 | ) | | | (2,801 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (2,803 | ) | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
BALANCE—December 31, 2008 | | 16,420 | | | $ | 114 | | | $ | 111,777 | | | $ | 32,387 | | | $ | 5,910 | | | $ | (5,944 | ) | | $ | 144,244 | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
77
FIRST SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Years Ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
(in thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Income | | $ | 1,361 | | | $ | 11,356 | | | $ | 11,112 | |
Adjustments to Reconcile Net Income to Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities— | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Provision for Loan and Lease Losses | | | 15,753 | | | | 2,155 | | | | 2,184 | |
Amortization, net | | | 829 | | | | 1,080 | | | | 1,471 | |
Stock-Based Compensation | | | 584 | | | | 633 | | | | 455 | |
401(k) and ESOP Match Compensation | | | 762 | | | | 774 | | | | 548 | |
Depreciation | | | 2,450 | | | | 2,688 | | | | 2,489 | |
Gain on Sale of Premises and Equipment | | | (7 | ) | | | (56 | ) | | | (60 | ) |
Gain on Sale of Other Real Estate and Repossessions, Leased Equipment and Corporate Stock, net | | | (195 | ) | | | (65 | ) | | | (348 | ) |
Write-down of Other Real Estate and Repossessions | | | 985 | | | | 871 | | | | 407 | |
Other-than-Temporary Impairment of Securities | | | — | | | | 584 | | | | — | |
(Gain) Loss on the Sale of Available-for-Sale Securities | | | (146 | ) | | | 168 | | | | 197 | |
Accretion of Fair Value Adjustment, net | | | (334 | ) | | | (512 | ) | | | (878 | ) |
Accretion of Cash Flow Swaps | | | (1,340 | ) | | | (25 | ) | | | — | |
Accretion of Terminated Cash Flow Swaps | | | (597 | ) | | | (205 | ) | | | — | |
Deferred Income Taxes | | | (3,224 | ) | | | (1,553 | ) | | | 676 | |
Changes in Operating Assets and Liabilities— | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Decrease (Increase) in— | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loans Held for Sale | | | 2,787 | | | | 3,128 | | | | 3,280 | |
Interest Receivable | | | 1,152 | | | | (378 | ) | | | (917 | ) |
Other Assets | | | (1,912 | ) | | | (90 | ) | | | (1,542 | ) |
(Decrease) Increase in— | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest Payable | | | (1,076 | ) | | | 891 | | | | 2,792 | |
Other Liabilities | | | (3,599 | ) | | | 202 | | | | (236 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities | | | 14,233 | | | | 21,646 | | | | 21,630 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Activity in Available-for-Sale Securities— | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Maturities, Prepayments and Calls | | | 17,304 | | | | 17,373 | | | | 23,558 | |
Sales | | | 13,126 | | | | 27,045 | | | | 9,791 | |
Purchases | | | (36,868 | ) | | | (21,187 | ) | | | (30,465 | ) |
Net Change in Interest Bearing Deposits in Banks | | | (622 | ) | | | 185 | | | | 672 | |
Loan Originations and Principal Collections, net | | | (78,320 | ) | | | (113,956 | ) | | | (107,589 | ) |
Proceeds from Interim Settlements of Cash Flow Swaps, net | | | 955 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Proceeds from Termination of Cash Flow Swaps | | | — | | | | 2,010 | | | | — | |
Proceeds from Sale of Premises and Equipment | | | 113 | | | | 328 | | | | 587 | |
Proceeds from Sale of Other Real Estate Owned and Repossessions | | | 3,208 | | | | 4,016 | | | | 3,033 | |
Additions to Premises and Equipment | | | (1,613 | ) | | | (1,876 | ) | | | (7,425 | ) |
Capital Improvements to Repossessions and Other Real Estate | | | (310 | ) | | | (265 | ) | | | (254 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities | | | (83,027 | ) | | | (86,327 | ) | | | (108,092 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
78
FIRST SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS—(Continued)
Years Ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
(in thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Increase (Decrease) in Deposits | | | 173,643 | | | | (19,387 | ) | | | 60,600 | |
Net (Decrease) Increase in Federal Funds Purchased and Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase | | | (22,250 | ) | | | 41,435 | | | | 3,957 | |
Net (Decrease) Increase of Other Borrowings | | | (77,682 | ) | | | 55,621 | | | | 14,688 | |
Proceeds from Exercise of Stock Options | | | — | | | | 96 | | | | 255 | |
Repurchase and Retirement of Common Stock | | | (2,803 | ) | | | (10,388 | ) | | | (917 | ) |
Purchase of ESOP Shares | | | (3,033 | ) | | | — | | | | (5,471 | ) |
Proceeds from Sale of Stock to ESOP | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1,877 | |
Dividends Paid on Common Stock | | | (3,253 | ) | | | (3,414 | ) | | | (2,167 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities | | | 64,622 | | | | 63,963 | | | | 72,822 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
NET DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS | | $ | (4,172 | ) | | $ | (718 | ) | | $ | (13,640 | ) |
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS—beginning of year | | | 27,394 | | | | 28,112 | | | | 41,752 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS—end of year | | $ | 23,222 | | | $ | 27,394 | | | $ | 28,112 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF NONCASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Issuance of Common Stock Pursuant to Incentive Plan | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 182 | |
Foreclosed Properties and Repossessions | | $ | 10,128 | | | $ | 6,745 | | | $ | 4,835 | |
Purchase Accounting Adjustment to Goodwill | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 178 | |
SUPPLEMENTAL SCHEDULE OF CASH FLOWS | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest Paid | | $ | 31,937 | | | $ | 35,492 | | | $ | 24,353 | |
Income Taxes Paid | | $ | 5,548 | | | $ | 4,568 | | | $ | 6,450 | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
79
FIRST SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 1—SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
First Security Group, Inc. is a bank holding company organized for the principal purpose of acquiring, developing and managing banks. The accounting and reporting policies of the Company are in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and conform to general practices within the banking industry.
The significant accounting policies and practices followed by the Company are as follows:
BASIS OF CONSOLIDATION—The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of First Security Group, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiary, FSGBank, National Association (the Bank) (collectively referred to as the Company in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements). All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
NATURE OF OPERATIONS—The Company is headquartered in Chattanooga, Tennessee, and provides banking services through the Bank to the various communities in eastern and middle Tennessee and northern Georgia. The commercial banking operations are primarily retail-oriented and aimed at individuals and small to medium-sized local businesses. The Bank provides traditional banking services, which include obtaining demand and time deposits and the making of secured and nonsecured consumer and commercial loans, as well as trust and investment management, mortgage banking, financial planning and Internet banking (www.FSGBank.com) services, as well as equipment leasing through its wholly owned subsidiaries, Kenesaw Leasing and J&S Leasing.
BUSINESS COMBINATIONS—The Company accounts for business combinations in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (FASB) Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141,Business Combinations (SFAS 141), which requires that all business combinations initiated after June 30, 2001, be accounted for by the purchase method. Under the purchase method, net assets of the acquired business are recorded at their estimated fair values as of the date of acquisition with any excess of the cost of the acquisition over the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired recorded as goodwill. The Company typically provides an allocation period, not to exceed one year, to identify and determine the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business purchases. Results of operations of the acquired business are included in the income statement from the date of acquisition.
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS—For the purpose of presentation in the consolidated statements of cash flows, the Company considers all cash and amounts due from depository institutions to be cash equivalents. The Bank is required to maintain noninterest bearing average reserve balances with the Federal Reserve Bank.
INTEREST BEARING DEPOSITS IN BANKS—Interest bearing deposits in banks mature within one year and are carried at cost.
SECURITIES—Securities that management does not have the intent or ability to hold to maturity are classified as available-for-sale and recorded at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses are excluded from earnings and reported in other comprehensive income, net of tax. Purchase premiums and discounts are recognized in interest income using methods approximating the interest method over the terms of the securities. Gains and losses on sale of securities are determined using the specific identification method.
LOANS—Loans that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or payoff are reported at their outstanding principal adjusted for any charge-offs, the allowance for loan losses, and any deferred fees or costs on originated loans.
80
The Company also engages in direct lease financing through two wholly owned subsidiaries of the Bank. The net investment in direct financing leases is the sum of all minimum lease payments and estimated residual values, less unearned income. Unearned income is added to interest income over the term of the leases to produce a level yield.
A loan or lease is impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Impaired loans are measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, or as a practical expedient, at the loan’s observable market price or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral-dependent. When the fair value of the impaired loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan, the impairment is recorded through a specific reserve allocation which is a component of the allowance for loan losses.
Loans, including impaired loans, are generally classified as nonaccrual if they are past due as to maturity or payment of principal or interest for a period of more than 90 days, unless such loans are well collateralized and in the process of collection. If a loan or a portion of a loan is classified as doubtful or is partially charged off, the loan is generally classified as nonaccrual. At management’s discretion, loans that are on a current payment status or past due less than 90 days may also be classified as nonaccrual if repayment in full of principal and/or interest is in doubt.
LOANS HELD FOR SALE—Loans held for sale include residential mortgage loans originated for sale into the secondary market. Loans held for sale are recorded at either the lower of cost or fair value, applied on a loan-by-loan basis, or fair value if elected to be accounted under SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (SFAS 159). Origination fees and costs for loans held for sale recorded at the lower of cost or fair value are capitalized in the basis of the loan and are included in the calculation of realized gains and losses upon sale. Origination fees and costs are recognized in earnings at the time of origination for newly-originated loans held for sale that are recorded at fair value under SFAS 159. Adjustments to reflect unrealized gains and losses resulting from changes in fair value under SFAS 159 and realized gains and losses upon ultimate sale are classified as noninterest income in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
LOAN ORIGINATION FEES—Loan origination fees and certain direct origination costs are capitalized and recognized as an adjustment of the yield over the lives of the related loans.
INTEREST INCOME ON LOANS—Interest on loans is accrued and credited to income based on the principal amount outstanding. The accrual of interest on loans is discontinued when, in the opinion of management, there is an indication that the borrower may be unable to meet payments as they become due. Upon such discontinuance, all unpaid accrued interest is reversed.
ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN AND LEASE LOSSES— The allowance for loan and lease losses is analyzed based upon guidance provided by the regulatory agencies, SFAS No. 5,Accounting for Contingencies and SFAS No. 114,Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan. The Company updates its analysis based on new regulatory or accounting guidance, as appropriate.
The allowance is increased by charges to income (provision for loan and lease losses) and decreased by charge-offs (net of recoveries). Management’s periodic evaluation of the allowance is based on the Company’s past loan loss experience, known and inherent risks in the portfolio, strength of credit risk management systems, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, the estimated value of any underlying collateral and current economic conditions. Although management uses available information to recognize losses on loans, because of uncertainties associated with local economic conditions, collateral values, and future cash flows on impaired loans, it is reasonably possible that a material change could occur in the allowance in the near term. However, the amount of the change that is reasonably possible cannot be estimated.
The allowance for loan and lease losses reflects management’s assessment and estimate of the risks associated with extending credit and its evaluation of the quality of the loan portfolio. The Company periodically
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analyzes the loan and lease portfolios in an effort to establish an allowance that it believes will be adequate in light of anticipated risks and loan losses. In assessing the adequacy of the allowance, the Company reviews the size, quality and risk of loans and leases in the portfolio. The Company also, on at least a quarterly basis, considers such factors as:
| • | | the Company’s loan loss experience; |
| • | | the amount of past due and nonperforming loans; |
| • | | the status of nonperforming assets; |
| • | | underlying estimated values of collateral securing loans; |
| • | | current economic conditions; and |
| • | | other factors which management believes affect the allowance for potential credit losses. |
An analysis of the credit quality of the loan portfolio and the adequacy of the allowance is prepared by the Company and is presented to the credit committee of the board of directors on a regular basis.
PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT—Land is carried at cost. Premises and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Expenditures for repairs, maintenance and minor improvements are charged to expense as incurred and additions and improvements that significantly extend the lives of assets are capitalized. Upon sale or other retirement of depreciable property, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the related accounts and any gain or loss is reflected in operations.
Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated lives of the depreciable assets. Buildings are depreciated over a period of forty years. Land and building improvements are depreciated over a ten year period. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the lesser of the term of the related lease or the estimated useful life of the improvement. Furniture, fixtures and equipment and autos are depreciated over an estimated life of three to seven years. Deferred income taxes are provided for differences in the computation of depreciation for book and tax purposes.
GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS—Goodwill represents the cost in excess of the fair value of the net assets acquired. Other intangible assets represent identified intangible assets including premiums paid for acquisitions of core deposits (core deposit intangibles), license fees and covenants not to compete, which are amortized over their estimated useful lives, except the core deposit intangible, which is amortized over a 10 year period.
Management evaluates whether events or circumstances have occurred that indicate the remaining useful life or carrying value of amortizing intangibles should be revised. On an annual basis or earlier if an event or circumstances warrant, the Company tests goodwill for impairment. The Company is assisted by an independent valuation firm in conducting the impairment assessment. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, no impairment of goodwill was recognized.
FORECLOSED PROPERTIES AND REPOSSESSIONS—Foreclosed properties are comprised principally of residential real estate properties obtained in partial or total satisfaction of nonperforming loans. Repossessions are primarily comprised of heavy equipment and other machinery, obtained in partial or total satisfaction of loans or leases. Foreclosed properties and repossessions are recorded at their estimated fair value less anticipated selling costs based upon the property’s or item’s appraised value at the date of transfer, with any difference between the fair value of the property and the carrying value of the loan charged to the allowance for loan and lease losses. Subsequent changes in values are reported as adjustments to the carrying amount, not to exceed the initial carrying value of the assets at the time of transfer. Gains or losses not previously recognized resulting from the sale of foreclosed properties or other repossessed items are recognized on the date of sale. At December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company had $7,145 thousand and $2,452 thousand of foreclosed properties, respectively, and $1,680 thousand and $1,834 thousand of other repossessed items, respectively.
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INCOME TAXES—The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the accrual basis. When income and expenses are recognized in different periods for financial reporting purposes and for purposes of computing income taxes currently payable, deferred taxes are provided on such temporary differences. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are reflected at currently enacted income tax rates applicable to the period in which the deferred tax assets or liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. As changes in tax laws or rates are enacted, deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted through the provision for income taxes.
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS—In the ordinary course of business, the Company has entered into off-balance-sheet financial instruments consisting of commitments to extend credit, commercial letters of credit and standby letters of credit. Such financial instruments are recorded in the financial statements when they are funded or related fees are incurred or received.
ADVERTISING COSTS—Advertising costs are charged to expense when incurred. The Company expensed $372 thousand, $456 thousand and $437 thousand in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION—Effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted SFAS No. 123 (revised),Share-Based Payment(SFAS 123(R)) utilizing the modified prospective approach. Under the modified prospective approach, SFAS 123 (R) applies to new awards and to awards that were outstanding on January 1, 2006 that are subsequently modified, repurchased or cancelled. Under the modified prospective approach, compensation cost is recognized for all share-based payments granted prior to, but not yet vested as of January 1, 2006, based on grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the original provisions of SFAS 123, and compensation cost for all share-based payments granted subsequent to January 1, 2006, based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with SFAS 123 (R).
ESTIMATES AND UNCERTAINTIES—The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
PER SHARE DATA—Basic net income per share represents net income divided by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share reflects additional shares that would have been outstanding if dilutive potential shares had been issued, as well as any adjustment to income that would result from the assumed issuance.
The par value per share is $0.0069 as a result of two 12-for-10 Stock Splits. For presentation purposes, the par value has been rounded to $0.01.
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME—Accounting principles generally require that recognized revenue, expenses, gains and losses be included in net income. Although certain changes in assets and liabilities, such as unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities and cash flow derivatives, are reported as a separate component of the equity section of the balance sheet, such items, along with net income, are components of comprehensive income. Note 20 provides further information.
SEGMENT REPORTING—Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 131,Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information, provides for the identification of reportable segments on the basis of discreet business units and their financial information to the extent such units are reviewed by an entity’s chief decision maker (which can be an individual or group of management persons). The statement permits aggregation or combination of segments that have similar characteristics. The operations of First Security Group, Inc. and the Bank have similar economic characteristics and are similar in each of the following areas: the nature of products and services, the nature of production processes, the type of customers, the methods of distribution, and the nature of their regulatory environment. Accordingly, the Company’s consolidated financial statements reflect the presentation of segment information on an aggregated basis in one reportable segment.
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DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES—The Company records all derivative financial instruments at fair value in the financial statements. It is the policy of the Company to enter into various derivatives both as a risk management tool and in a dealer capacity to facilitate client transactions. Derivatives are used as a risk management tool to hedge the exposure to changes in interest rates or other identified market risks. As of December 31, 2008, the Company has not entered into a transaction in a dealer capacity.
When a derivative is intended to be a qualifying hedged instrument, the Company prepares written hedge documentation that designates the derivative as (1) a hedge of the fair value of a recognized asset or liability or of an unrecognized firm commitment (fair value hedge) or (2) a hedge of a forecasted transaction, such as, the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized asset or liability (cash flow hedge).
The written documentation includes identification of, among other items, the risk management objective, hedging instrument, hedged item, and methodologies for assessing and measuring hedge effectiveness and ineffectiveness, along with support for management’s assertion that the hedge will be highly effective. Methodologies related to hedge effectiveness and ineffectiveness include (1) statistical regression analysis of changes in the cash flows of the actual derivative and a perfectly effective hypothetical derivative, (2) statistical regression analysis of changes in fair values of the actual derivative and the hedged item and (3) comparison of the critical terms of the hedged item and the hedging derivative. Changes in fair value of a derivative that is highly effective and that has been designated and qualifies as a fair value hedge are recorded in current period earnings, along with the changes in the fair value of the hedged asset or liability that are attributable to the hedged risk. Changes in the fair value of a derivative that is highly effective and that has been designed and qualifies as a cash flow hedge are initially recorded in other comprehensive income and reclassified to earnings in conjunction with the recognition of the earnings impacts of the hedged item; any ineffective portion is recorded in current period earnings. Designated hedge transactions are reviewed at least quarterly for ongoing effectiveness. Transactions that are no longer deemed to be effective are removed from hedge accounting classification and the recorded impacts of the hedge are recognized in current period income or expense in conjunction with the recognition of the income or expense on the originally hedged item.
The Company’s derivatives are based on underlying risks, primarily interest rates. The Company is utilizing a swap to reduce the risks associated with interest rates. Swaps are contracts in which a series of net cash flows, based on a specific notional amount that is related to an underlying risk, are exchanged over a prescribed period.
Derivatives expose the Company to credit risk. If the counterparty fails to perform, the credit risk is equal to the fair value gain of the derivative. The credit exposure for swaps is the replacement cost of contracts that have become favorable. Credit risk is minimized by entering into transactions with high quality counterparties that are initially approved by the Board of Directors and reviewed periodically by the Asset Liability Committee. It is the Company’s policy to require that all derivatives be governed by an International Swap and Derivatives Associations Master Agreement (ISDA). Bilateral collateral agreements may also be required.
FAIR VALUE—The Company measures or monitors many of its assets and liabilities on a fair value basis. Fair value is used on a recurring basis for assets and liabilities that are elected to be accounted for under SFAS 159 as well as for certain assets and liabilities in which fair value is the primary basis of accounting. Additionally, fair value is used on a non-recurring basis to evaluate assets for impairment or for disclosure purposes. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Depending on the nature of the asset or liability, the Company uses various valuation techniques and assumptions when estimating fair value, which are in accordance with SFAS 157 and FSP FAS 157-3,Determining the Fair Value of a Financial Asset When the Market for that Asset is Not Active,when applicable.
In accordance with SFAS 157, the Company applied the following fair value hierarchy:
Level 1 – Assets or liabilities for which the identical item is traded on an active exchange, such as publicly-traded instruments or futures contracts.
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Level 2 – Assets and liabilities valued based on observable market data for similar instruments.
Level 3 – Assets or liabilities for which significant valuation assumptions are not readily observable in the market; instruments valued based on the best available data, some of which is internally developed, and considers risk premiums that a market participant would require.
When determining the fair value measurement for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability. When possible, the Company looks to active and observable markets to price identical assets and liabilities. When identical assets and liabilities are not traded in active markets, the Company looks to market observable data for similar assets and liabilities. When certain assets and liabilities are not actively traded in observable markets, the Company must use alternative valuation techniques to derive a fair value measurement.
RECLASSIFICATIONS—Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior years’ financial statements to conform to the current year presentation.
RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS—In October 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued FASB Staff Position No. FAS 157-3, “Determining the Fair Value of a Financial Asset When the Market for that Asset is Not Active” (FSP FAS 157-3). FSP FAS 157-3 clarifies the application of SFAS No. 157 in a market that is not active and provides an example to illustrate key considerations in determining fair value of a financial asset when the market for that asset is not active. FSP FAS 157-3 was effective upon issuance, including prior periods for which financial statements had not been issued. The Company applied the guidance in FSP FAS 157-3 in its fair value measurements as of September 30, 2008 and the effects of adoption were not material to the Company’s financial statements.
In March 2008, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities—an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133” (SFAS 161). SFAS 161 requires enhanced disclosures related to derivatives accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 133 and reconsiders existing disclosure requirements for such derivatives and any related hedging items. The disclosures provided in SFAS 161 will be required for both interim and annual reporting periods. SFAS 161 is effective prospectively for quarterly interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. The Company is currently assessing the effects of adopting SFAS 161.
In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141R,Business Combinations, which revises SFAS No. 141 and changes multiple aspects of the accounting for business combinations. Under the guidance in SFAS 141R, the acquisition method must be used, which requires the acquirer to recognize most identifiable assets acquired, liabilities assumed and noncontrolling interests in the acquiree at their full fair value on the acquisition date. Goodwill is to be recognized as the excess of the consideration transferred plus the fair value of the noncontrolling interest over the fair values of the identifiable net assets acquired. Subsequent changes in the fair value of contingent consideration classified as a liability are to be recognized in earnings, while contingent consideration classified as equity is not to be remeasured. Cost such as transaction costs are to be excluded from acquisition accounting, generally leading to recognizing expense and additionally, restructuring costs that do not meet certain criteria at acquisition date are to be subsequently recognized as post-acquisition costs. SFAS 141R is effective for business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that this issuance will have on its consolidated financial statements; however, it anticipates that the standard will lead to more volatility in the results of operations during the periods subsequent to an acquisition.
In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 159,The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (SFAS 159). The Statement allows an irrevocable election
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to measure certain financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value on an instrument-by-instrument basis, with unrealized gains and losses recognized currently in earnings. Under SFAS 159, the fair value option may only be elected at the time of initial recognition of a financial asset or financial liability or upon the occurrence of certain specified events. Additionally, SFAS 159 provides that application of the fair value option must be based on the fair value of an entire financial asset or financial liability and not selected risks inherent in those assets or liabilities. SFAS 159 requires that assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value pursuant to the fair value option be reported in the financial statements in a manner that separates those fair values from the carrying amounts of similar assets and liabilities that are measured using another measurement attribute. SFAS 159 also provides expanded disclosure requirements regarding the effects of electing the fair value option on the financial statements. SFAS 159 was effective prospectively for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, with early adoption permitted for fiscal years in which interim financial statements have not been issued, provided that all of the provisions of SFAS 157 are early adopted as well. The Company early adopted SFAS 159 effective January 1, 2007. Note 16 provides further information.
In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (SFAS 157) to clarify how to measure fair value and to expand disclosures about fair value measurements. The expanded disclosures include the extent to which companies measure assets and liabilities at fair value, the information used to measure fair value, and the effect of fair value on earnings and is applicable whenever other standards require (or permit) assets and liabilities to be measured at fair value. SFAS 157 was effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 and interim periods within those fiscal years with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted SFAS 157 effective January 1, 2007. Note 16 provides further information.
In July 2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 48,Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes (FIN 48). The Interpretation provides guidance for recognition and measurement of uncertain tax positions that are “more likely than not” of being sustained upon audit, based on the technical merits of the position. FIN 48 also provides guidance on measurement, derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition. The effective date is for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. The Company adopted FIN 48 as of January 1, 2007. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Note 12 provides further information.
In November 2005, the FASB issued a FSP on SFAS No. 115-1 and SFAS No. 124-1,The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments, which addresses the determination of when an investment is considered impaired; whether the impairment is other-than-temporary; and how to measure an impairment loss. This FSP also addresses accounting considerations subsequent to the recognition of an other-than-temporary impairment of a debt security, and requires certain disclosures about unrealized losses that have not been recognized as other-than-temporary impairments. This FSP replaces the impairment guidance on Emerging issues Task Force (EITF) Issue 03-1 with references to existing authoritative literature concerning other-than-temporary determinations. Under the FSP, losses arising from impairment deemed to be other-than-temporary must be recognized in earnings at an amount equal to the entire difference between the securities cost and its fair value at the financial statement date, without considering partial recoveries subsequent to that date. The FSP also required that an investor recognize an other-than-temporary impairment loss when a decision to sell a security has been made and the investor does not expect the fair value of the security to fully recover prior to the expected time of sale. The FSP is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2005. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In May 2005, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 154 (SFAS No. 154),Accounting Changes and Error Corrections—a replacement of APB Opinion No. 20 and FASB Statement No. 3,which eliminates the requirement to reflect changes in accounting principles as cumulative adjustments to net income in the period of the change and requires retrospective application to prior periods’ financial statements
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for voluntary changes in accounting principle, unless it is impracticable to determine either the period-specific effects or the cumulative effect of the change. If it is impracticable to determine the cumulative effect of the change to all prior periods, SFAS 154 requires that the new accounting principle be adopted prospectively. For new accounting pronouncements, the transition guidance in the pronouncement should be followed. Retrospective application refers to the application of a different accounting principle to previously issued financial statements as if that principle had always been used. SFAS 154 did not change the guidance for reporting corrections of errors, changes in estimates or for justification of a change in accounting principle on the basis of preferability. SFAS 154 is effective for accounting changes made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005. The adoption of SFAS 154 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123R,Share-Based Payment, (SFAS No. 123R). This Statement is a revision of FASB Statement No. 123,Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, and supersedes APB Opinion No. 25,Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and its related implementation guidance. Under APB 25, issuing stock options to employees generally resulted in recognition of no compensation cost. SFAS 123R requires entities to recognize the cost of employee services received in exchange for awards of equity instruments based on the grant-date fair value of those awards. The cost will be recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award—the requisite service period which is usually the vesting period. No compensation cost is recognized for equity instruments for which employees do not render the requisite service. The grant-date fair value of employee share options and similar instruments will be estimated using option-pricing models adjusted for the unique characteristics of those instruments. If an equity award is modified after the grant date, incremental compensation cost will be recognized in an amount equal to the excess of the fair value of the modified award over the fair value of the original award immediately before the modification. For public entities that do not file as small business issuers, SFAS 123R is effective as of the beginning of the first annual reporting period that begins after June 15, 2005. The adoption of SFAS 123R resulted in compensation expense recorded to the Company’s financial statements.
NOTE 2—SECURITIES
Investment Securities by Type
The amortized cost and fair value of securities, with gross unrealized gains and losses, are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Amortized Cost | | Gross Unrealized Gains | | Gross Unrealized Losses | | Fair Value |
| | (in thousands) |
Securities Available-for-Sale | | | | | | | | | | | | |
December 31, 2008 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Debt Securities— | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Federal Agencies | | $ | 8,500 | | $ | 245 | | $ | — | | $ | 8,745 |
Mortgage-Backed | | | 85,878 | | | 2,086 | | | 769 | | | 87,195 |
Municipals | | | 43,053 | | | 704 | | | 408 | | | 43,349 |
Other | | | 125 | | | — | | | 109 | | | 16 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 137,556 | | $ | 3,035 | | $ | 1,286 | | $ | 139,305 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Securities Available-for-Sale | | | | | | | | | | | | |
December 31, 2007 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Debt Securities— | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Federal Agencies | | $ | 26,124 | | $ | 349 | | $ | — | | $ | 26,473 |
Mortgage-Backed | | | 61,720 | | | 408 | | | 181 | | | 61,947 |
Municipals | | | 42,971 | | | 329 | | | 57 | | | 43,243 |
Other | | | 186 | | | — | | | — | | | 186 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 131,001 | | $ | 1,086 | | $ | 238 | | $ | 131,849 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Proceeds from sales of securities available-for-sale totaled $13,126 thousand, $27,045 thousand and $9,791 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Gross realized gains from sales of securities were $146 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2008. Gross realized losses from sales of securities available-for-sale for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 were $168 thousand and $197 thousand, respectively.
At December 31, 2008 and 2007, federal agencies, municipals and mortgage-backed securities with a carrying value of $18,143 thousand and $12,759 thousand, respectively, were pledged to secure public deposits. At December 31, 2008 and 2007, the carrying amount of securities pledged to secure repurchase agreements was $46,829 thousand and $36,397 thousand, respectively.
Maturity of Securities
The amortized cost and fair value of debt securities by contractual maturity at December 31, 2008, are as follows:
| | | | | | |
| | Amortized Cost | | Fair Value |
| | (in thousands) |
Within 1 Year | | $ | 857 | | $ | 864 |
Over 1 Year through 5 Years | | | 17,310 | | | 17,684 |
5 Years to 10 Years | | | 27,394 | | | 27,764 |
Over 10 Years | | | 6,117 | | | 5,798 |
| | | | | | |
| | | 51,678 | | | 52,110 |
Mortgage-Backed Securities | | | 85,878 | | | 87,195 |
| | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 137,556 | | $ | 139,305 |
| | | | | | |
Impairment Analysis
The following table shows the gross unrealized losses and fair value of the Company’s investments with unrealized losses that are not deemed to be other-than-temporarily impaired, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, at December 31, 2008 and 2007.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Less Than 12 Months | | 12 months or Greater | | | Totals |
| | Fair Value | | Unrealized Losses | | Fair Value | | Unrealized Losses | | | Fair Value | | Unrealized Losses |
| | (in thousands) |
December 31, 2008 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Federal Agencies | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | $ | — |
Mortgage-Backed | | | 6,034 | | | 769 | | | — | | | — | | | | 6,034 | | | 769 |
Municipals | | | 10,525 | | | 408 | | | — | | | — | | | | 10,525 | | | 408 |
Other | | | 16 | | | 109 | | | — | | | — | | | | 16 | | | 109 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Totals | | $ | 16,575 | | $ | 1,286 | | $ | — | | $ | — | | | $ | 16,575 | | $ | 1,286 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
December 31, 2007 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Federal Agencies | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 999 | | $ | — | 1 | | $ | 999 | | $ | — |
Mortgage-Backed | | | 3,425 | | | 5 | | | 17,943 | | | 176 | | | | 21,368 | | | 181 |
Municipals | | | 2,585 | | | 14 | | | 6,600 | | | 43 | | | | 9,185 | | | 57 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Totals | | $ | 6,010 | | $ | 19 | | $ | 25,542 | | $ | 219 | | | $ | 31,552 | | $ | 238 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
1 | The unrealized losses for Federal Agencies total less than one thousand dollars. |
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As of December 31, 2008, the Company performed an impairment assessment of the securities in its portfolio that had an unrealized loss to determine whether the decline in the fair value of these securities below their cost was other-than-temporary. Impairment is considered other-than-temporary when it becomes probable that the Company will be unable to recover the cost of an investment. The impairment assessment takes into consideration factors such as (1) the length of time and the extent to which the market value has been less than cost, (2) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, including events specific to the issuer or industry, (3) defaults or deferrals of scheduled interest, principal or dividend payments, (4) external credit ratings and recent downgrades and (5) the Company’s intent and ability to hold the security for a period of time sufficient to allow for a recovery in fair value. If a decline is determined to be other-than-temporary, the cost basis of the individual security is written down to fair value, which then becomes the new cost basis. The new cost basis would not be adjusted in future periods for subsequent recoveries in fair value, if any.
The unrealized loss positions in the private label mortgage-backed securities and municipal securities are primarily a result of rising long-term interest rates and widening credit spreads subsequent to purchase. The unrealized loss in trust preferred securities is primarily due to widening credit spreads subsequent to purchase and a lack of demand for trust preferred securities. The private label mortgage-backed securities are Moody rated AAA and the trust preferred securities are Fitch rated A+ bonds. Based on results of the Company’s impairment assessment, the unrealized losses at December 31, 2008 are considered temporary.
The Company recognized a charge to earnings for other-than-temporary impairment of securities of $584 thousand during the first quarter of 2007. The other-than-temporary impairment charge represents the loss position of securities that were sold in April 2007. The factors considered for the securities impairment test included (1) the continuing loss positions, (2) the change in the intent of the holding period and (3) the sale of the securities after the first quarter balance sheet date but prior to the filing of the March 31, 2007 Form 10-Q on May 10, 2007. The second quarter 2007 sale resulted in a loss of $168 thousand. Combined, the first quarter impairment and second quarter loss totaled $752 thousand.
NOTE 3—LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN AND LEASE LOSSES
Loans by type are summarized as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Loans Secured by Real Estate— | | | | | | | | |
Residential 1-4 Family | | $ | 296,454 | | | $ | 262,373 | |
Commercial | | | 234,630 | | | | 211,931 | |
Construction | | | 194,603 | | | | 216,583 | |
Multi-Family and Farmland | | | 34,273 | | | | 17,887 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | 759,960 | | | | 708,774 | |
Commercial Loans | | | 157,906 | | | | 138,015 | |
Consumer Installment Loans | | | 58,296 | | | | 63,156 | |
Leases, Net of Unearned Income | | | 30,873 | | | | 41,587 | |
Other | | | 4,549 | | | | 1,573 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total Loans | | | 1,011,584 | | | | 953,105 | |
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses | | | (17,385 | ) | | | (10,956 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net Loans | | $ | 994,199 | | | $ | 942,149 | |
| | | | | | | | |
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The loan portfolio includes lease financing receivables consisting of direct financing leases on equipment. The components of the investment in lease financing were as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Lease Payments Receivable | | $ | 35,017 | | | $ | 47,486 | |
Estimated Residual Value of Leased Assets | | | 1,153 | | | | 1,784 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Gross Investment in Lease Financing | | | 36,170 | | | | 49,270 | |
Unearned Income | | | (5,297 | ) | | | (7,683 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net Investment in Lease Financing | | $ | 30,873 | | | $ | 41,587 | |
| | | | | | | | |
At December 31, 2008, the minimum future lease payments to be received were as follows:
| | | |
| | (in thousands) |
2009 | | $ | 16,047 |
2010 | | | 9,961 |
2011 | | | 5,690 |
2012 | | | 2,170 |
2013 and After | | | 1,149 |
| | | |
Total Lease Payments Receivable | | $ | 35,017 |
| | | |
The following table presents an analysis of the allowance for loan and lease losses. The provision expense for loan and lease losses in the table does not include the Company’s provision accrual for unfunded commitments of $24 thousand, $40 thousand and $120 thousand as of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The reserve for unfunded commitments is included in other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses—beginning of year | | $ | 10,956 | | | $ | 9,970 | | | $ | 10,121 | |
Provision Expense for Loan and Lease Losses | | | 15,729 | | | | 2,115 | | | | 2,064 | |
Loans Charged Off | | | (9,519 | ) | | | (1,867 | ) | | | (2,721 | ) |
Loan Loss Recoveries | | | 219 | | | | 738 | | | | 506 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses—end of year | | $ | 17,385 | | | $ | 10,956 | | | $ | 9,970 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Impaired loans, which are recognized in conformity with FASB Statement No. 114 as amended by FASB No. 118, were $14,684 thousand and $6,431 thousand at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Nonaccrual loans were $18,453 thousand and $3,372 thousand at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, were not significant. The Company had no significant outstanding commitments to lend additional funds to customers whose loans have been placed on nonaccrual status.
Because of uncertainties inherent in the estimation process, management’s estimate of credit losses in the loan portfolio and the related allowance may change in the near term. However, the amount of the change that is reasonably possible cannot be estimated.
At December 31, 2008, the Company had $431,364 thousand of loans pledged to secure borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Cincinnati. The loans pledged included commercial real estate loans and residential first mortgage loans.
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The Company has entered into transactions with certain directors, executive officers and significant stockholders and their affiliates. Such transactions were made in the ordinary course of business on substantially the same terms and conditions, including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the same time for comparable transactions with other customers, and did not, in the opinion of management, involve more than normal credit risk or present other unfavorable features. The aggregate amount of loans to such related parties at December 31, 2008 and 2007 was $4,351 thousand and $6,238 thousand, respectively. New loans made to such related parties amounted to $540 thousand and principal and interest payments amounted to $2,723 thousand for 2008. New loans made to such related parties amounted to $3,255 thousand and principal and interest payments amounted to $923 thousand for 2007. At December 31, 2008, unused lines of credit to these related parties totaled $2,099 thousand.
NOTE 4—PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT
Premises and equipment consist of the following:
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Land and Improvements | | $ | 10,646 | | | $ | 9,560 | |
Buildings and Improvements | | | 24,924 | | | | 24,853 | |
Equipment | | | 13,704 | | | | 14,252 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Premises and Equipment-Gross | | | 49,274 | | | | 48,665 | |
Accumulated Depreciation | | | (15,466 | ) | | | (13,914 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Premises and Equipment-Net | | $ | 33,808 | | | $ | 34,751 | |
| | | | | | | | |
The amount charged to operating expenses for depreciation was $2,450 thousand for 2008, $2,688 thousand for 2007 and $2,489 thousand for 2006.
NOTE 5—GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
The changes in the carrying amounts of goodwill are as follows:
| | | | | | |
| | 2008 | | 2007 |
| | (in thousands) |
Goodwill—beginning of year | | $ | 27,156 | | $ | 27,156 |
Goodwill Acquired | | | — | | | — |
Goodwill Impairment | | | — | | | — |
| | | | | | |
Goodwill—end of year | | $ | 27,156 | | $ | 27,156 |
| | | | | | |
The Company has other intangible assets in the form of core deposit intangibles, license fee agreements related to operating Latino branches and a non-compete agreement associated with the acquisition of Jackson Bank. The core deposit intangibles are amortized on an accelerated basis over their estimated useful lives of 10 years. The license fee and non-compete agreement were fully amortized during 2008. A summary of other intangible assets is as follows:
| | | | | | |
| | 2008 | | 2007 |
| | (in thousands) |
Other Intangible Assets—Gross | | $ | 8,066 | | $ | 8,066 |
Less: Accumulated Amortization and Impairment | | | 5,662 | | | 4,866 |
| | | | | | |
Other Intangible Assets—Net | | $ | 2,404 | | $ | 3,200 |
| | | | | | |
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The gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization (which includes the impact of an impairment on the license fee) for core deposit intangibles, license fees and the non-compete agreement were $7,041 thousand and $4,637 thousand, $500 thousand and $500 thousand and $525 thousand and $525 thousand, respectively at December 31, 2008. The gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization for core deposit intangibles, license fees and non-compete agreement were $7,041 thousand and $4,035 thousand, $500 thousand and $408 thousand and $525 thousand and $423 thousand, respectively at December 31, 2007.
Amortization expense on other intangible assets was $796 thousand in 2008, $985 thousand in 2007 and $1,246 thousand in 2006. Amortization expense related to all other intangible assets for the years 2009 through 2013 is estimated to be approximately $2,073 thousand.
NOTE 6—DEPOSITS
The aggregate amount of time deposits of $100 thousand or more was $206,502 thousand and $225,491 thousand at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Brokered deposits were $257,098 thousand and $63,731 thousand at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, as follows:
| | | | | | |
| | 2008 | | 2007 |
| | (in thousands) |
Brokered certificates of deposits | | $ | 141,172 | | $ | 63,731 |
Brokered money market accounts | | | 78,559 | | | — |
Brokered NOW accounts | | | 203 | | | — |
CDARS® | | | 37,164 | | | — |
| | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 257,098 | | $ | 63,731 |
| | | | | | |
Brokered certificates of deposits issued in denominations of $100 thousand or more are participated out by the deposit brokers in shares of $100 thousand or less. Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service (CDARS®) includes $33,535 thousand one-way buy deposits and $3,629 thousand in First Security customers’ reciprocal accounts.
Scheduled maturities of time deposits as of December 31, 2008, are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Time Deposits | | Brokered CDs | | CDARS® | | Totals |
| | (in thousands) |
2009 | | $ | 384,764 | | $ | 100,319 | | $ | 29,432 | | $ | 514,515 |
2010 | | | 50,222 | | | 23,185 | | | 7,732 | | | 81,139 |
2011 | | | 15,176 | | | 15,122 | | | — | | | 30,298 |
2012 | | | 4,740 | | | 2,203 | | | — | | | 6,943 |
2013 and thereafter | | | 1,578 | | | 343 | | | — | | | 1,921 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 456,480 | | $ | 141,172 | | $ | 37,164 | | $ | 634,816 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
NOTE 7—FEDERAL FUNDS PURCHASED AND SECURITIES SOLD UNDER AGREEMENTS TO REPURCHASE
At December 31, 2008, the Company had lines of credit to purchase federal funds totaling $78,000 thousand with correspondent banks for short-term liquidity needs, of which approximately $63,980 thousand was available. The terms of each line of credit varies with respect to borrowing capacity and the duration of time for which the borrowing can be outstanding. At December 31, 2008, the Company had overnight federal funds purchased of $14,020 thousand that paid 1.00%.
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase represent the purchase of interests in securities by commercial checking customers. The Company may also enter into structured repurchase agreements with other
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financial institutions. Repurchase agreements with commercial checking customers are settled the following business day, while structured repurchase agreements with other financial institutions will have varying terms.
At December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company had securities sold under agreements to repurchase of $16,016 thousand and $23,506 thousand, respectively by commercial checking customers. The Company had a structured repurchase agreement with another financial institution of $10,000 thousand at December 31, 2008 and 2007. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase are held in safekeeping for the Company and had a carrying value of approximately $46,829 thousand and $36,397 thousand at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. These agreements averaged $34,513 thousand and $27,260 thousand during 2008 and 2007, respectively. The maximum amounts outstanding at any month end during 2008 and 2007 were $44,911 thousand and $42,462 thousand, respectively. Interest expense on repurchase agreements totaled $835 thousand, $734 thousand and $395 thousand for the years ended 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
The $10,000 thousand structured repurchase agreement has a five year term with a variable interest rate of three-month LIBOR minus 75 basis points for the first year and a fixed rate of 3.93% for the remaining term. The contract was callable on November 6, 2008, the first anniversary date, and quarterly thereafter. The maturity date is November 6, 2012.
NOTE 8—OTHER BORROWINGS
Other borrowings at December 31, 2008, consist of long-term fixed rate advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Cincinnati (FHLB) totaling $2,673 thousand and a mortgage note totaling $104 thousand. Additionally, the Company had an FHLB letter of credit totaling $9,000 thousand which reduces the FHLB borrowing capacity. The letter of credit was not in use as of December 31, 2008. Other borrowings at December 31, 2007, consisted of long-term fixed rate advances from the FHLB, totaling $5,342 thousand, an overnight advance of $75,000 thousand from the FHLB, federal funds purchased of $28,780 and a mortgage note totaling $117 thousand. Additionally, the Company had an FHLB letter of credit totaling $9,000 thousand which reduces the FHLB borrowing capacity. The letter of credit was not in use as of December 31, 2007. Pursuant to the blanket agreement for advances and security agreements with the FHLB, advances are secured by the Company’s unencumbered qualifying 1-4 family first mortgage loans and qualifying commercial real estate loans equal to at least 135% and 300%, respectively, of outstanding advances. Advances are also secured by the FHLB stock owned by the Company. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company had loans totaling $431,364 thousand and $383,934 thousand, respectively, pledged as collateral at the FHLB. At December 31, 2008, the Company’s remaining available borrowing capacity with the FHLB was approximately $131,148 thousand.
As a member of FHLB, the Company must own the FHLB stock equal to the greater of $500 or 1% of mortgage assets. Also, the Company may be required to own additional FHLB stock to ensure their stock balance is equal to or greater than 5% of outstanding advances. At December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company owned FHLB stock totaling $4,123 thousand and $3,394 thousand, respectively.
The terms of FHLB advances and other borrowing as of December 31, 2008 are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Maturity Year | | Origination Date | | | | Type | | Principal | | Original Term | | Rate | | Maturity |
| | | | | | | | (in thousands) | | | | | | |
2009 | | 1/26/2006 | | * | | FHLB fixed rate advance | | $ | 2,667 | | 48 months | | 4.11% | | 1/26/2009 |
2011 | | 6/18/1996 | | * | | FHLB fixed rate advance | | | 1 | | 180 months | | 7.70% | | 7/1/2011 |
2011 | | 9/16/1996 | | * | | FHLB fixed rate advance | | | 2 | | 180 months | | 7.50% | | 10/1/2011 |
2012 | | 9/9/1997 | | * | | FHLB fixed rate advance | | | 3 | | 180 months | | 7.05% | | 10/1/2012 |
2015 | | 1/5/1995 | | | | Fixed rate mortgage | | | 104 | | 240 months | | 7.50% | | 1/5/2015 |
* | Assumed as part of the acquisition of Jackson Bank. |
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NOTE 9—EARNINGS PER SHARE
The difference in basic and diluted weighted average shares is due to the assumed conversion of outstanding stock options and restricted stock awards using the treasury stock method. The computation of basic and diluted earnings per share is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | |
| | 2008 | | 2007 | | 2006 |
| | (in thousands, except per share amounts) |
Numerator: | | | | | | | | | |
Net Income | | $ | 1,361 | | $ | 11,356 | | $ | 11,112 |
| | | | | | | | | |
Denominator: | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted Average Basic Common Shares Outstanding | | | 16,021 | | | 16,959 | | | 17,315 |
Effect of Diluted Securities: | | | | | | | | | |
Equivalent Shares Issuable upon Exercise of Stock Options and Restricted Stock Awards | | | 122 | | | 334 | | | 365 |
| | | | | | | | | |
Weighted Average Diluted Common Shares Outstanding | | | 16,143 | | | 17,293 | | | 17,680 |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net Income per Share: | | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | $ | 0.08 | | $ | 0.67 | | $ | 0.64 |
Diluted | | $ | 0.08 | | $ | 0.66 | | $ | 0.63 |
As of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, there were 757 thousand, 343 thousand and 521 thousand stock options, respectively, that were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because the options were anti-dilutive under the treasury stock method. Under SFAS 123(R), options with an exercise price less than the average price can be anti-dilutive due to the inclusion of unamortized compensation. The anti-dilutive options expire between 2014 and 2018.
NOTE 10—LEASES
The Company leases bank branches and equipment under operating lease agreements. Minimum lease commitments with remaining noncancelable lease terms in excess of one year as of December 31, 2008, are as follows:
| | | |
| | (in thousands) |
2009 | | $ | 981 |
2010 | | | 828 |
2011 | | | 546 |
2012 | | | 282 |
2013 | | | 212 |
Thereafter | | | 1,649 |
| | | |
Total Minimum Lease Commitments | | $ | 4,498 |
| | | |
Rent expense totaled $1,000 thousand, $1,045 thousand and $1,178 thousand for the years ended 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
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NOTE 11—INCOME TAXES
The income tax (benefit) provision consists of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the Years Ended |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 |
| | (in thousands) |
Current Provision | | $ | 2,637 | | | $ | 6,823 | | | $ | 4,610 |
Deferred (Benefit) Provision | | | (3,224 | ) | | | (1,553 | ) | | | 676 |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Income Tax (Benefit) Provision | | $ | (587 | ) | | $ | 5,270 | | | $ | 5,286 |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Reconciliation of the income tax (benefit) provision to statutory rates is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the Years Ended | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Federal Taxes at Statutory Tax Rate | | $ | 263 | | | $ | 5,719 | | | $ | 5,639 | |
Tax Exempt Earnings on Securities | | | (546 | ) | | | (554 | ) | | | (543 | ) |
Tax Exempt Earnings on Bank Owned Life Insurance | | | (329 | ) | | | (308 | ) | | | (300 | ) |
Other, net | | | (22 | ) | | | 6 | | | | 56 | |
State Tax Provision, net of federal effect | | | 47 | | | | 407 | | | | 434 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income Tax (Benefit) Provision | | $ | (587 | ) | | $ | 5,270 | | | $ | 5,286 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
The components of the net deferred tax asset and liability included in other assets and liabilities consist of the following:
| | | | | | | |
| | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Deferred Tax Assets | | | | | | | |
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses | | $ | 6,193 | | $ | 4,267 | |
Salary Continuation Plan | | | 656 | | | 430 | |
Other Real Estate Owned | | | 469 | | | 86 | |
Other Intangible Assets | | | 293 | | | 245 | |
Acquisition Fair Value Adjustments | | | 146 | | | 274 | |
Deferred Loan Fees | | | 144 | | | 190 | |
Other Assets | | | 161 | | | 82 | |
| | | | | | | |
Total Deferred Tax Assets | | | 8,062 | | | 5,574 | |
| | | | | | | |
Deferred Tax Liabilities | | | | | | | |
Premises and Equipment | | | 2,117 | | | 1,715 | |
Derivative Cash Flow Swaps | | | 2,037 | | | 632 | |
Goodwill and Core Deposit Intangibles | | | 1,506 | | | 1,483 | |
Leasing Activities | | | 976 | | | 1,168 | |
Securities Available-for-Sale | | | 596 | | | 288 | |
FHLB and Banker’s Bank Stock | | | 472 | | | 414 | |
Gain on Business Combination | | | 99 | | | 232 | |
Other | | | 155 | | | 106 | |
| | | | | | | |
Total Deferred Tax Liabilities | | | 7,958 | | | 6,038 | |
| | | | | | | |
Net Deferred Tax Asset (Liability) | | $ | 104 | | $ | (464 | ) |
| | | | | | | |
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The Company evaluated its material tax positions as of December 31, 2008. Under the “more-likely-than-not” threshold guidelines, the Company believes no significant uncertain tax positions exist, either individually or in the aggregate, that would give rise to the non-recognition of an existing tax benefit. The Company will evaluate, on a quarterly basis or sooner if necessary, to determine if new or pre-existing uncertain tax positions are significant. In the event a significant adverse tax position is determined to exist, penalty and interest will be accrued, in accordance with Internal Revenue Service guidelines, and recorded as a component of other expense in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
As of December 31, 2008, there were no penalties and interest recognized in the consolidated income statement as a result of FIN 48, nor does the Company anticipate a change in its material tax positions that would give rise to the non-recognition of an existing tax benefit. However, changes in state and federal tax regulations could create a material uncertain tax position.
NOTE 12—401(k) AND EMPLOYEE STOCK OWNERSHIP PLAN
The Company has a 401(k) and employee stock ownership plan (the Plan) covering employees meeting certain age and service requirements. Employees may contribute up to 75% of their compensation subject to certain limits based on federal tax laws. During 2007, the Plan was amended with an effective date of January 1, 2008. With the amendment, the Company makes matching contributions equal to 100% of the employee’s contribution up to 6% of the employee’s compensation. The employer contribution is made in the form of Company common stock on a quarterly basis. The employee and employer contributions and earnings thereon are vested immediately. All prior employer contributions are 100% vested as of January 1, 2008. In its sole discretion at the end of the Plan year, the Company may make supplemental matching contributions or profit sharing contributions.
The Company recognized $708 thousand, $779 thousand and $678 thousand in expense under the Plan for 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively, which has been included in salaries and employee benefits in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.
The employee stock ownership (ESOP) portion of the Plan purchased shares of common stock with proceeds from advances of a loan from the Company. The loan between the Company and the Plan enabled the Plan to borrow up to $13,397 thousand until December 31, 2008. The loan was amended on January 28, 2009, and enables the Plan to borrow up to $12,745 thousand until December 31, 2009. The loan balance was $5,944 thousand and $4,310 thousand at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The loan has a term of 30 years, bears interest at 6.25% and requires annual payments. The loan is secured by the stock purchased by the Plan that has not been allocated to participant accounts. The Company may make discretionary profit sharing contributions to the ESOP. The ESOP contribution will first be used to repay the loan. As the loan is repaid, shares are released from collateral based on the proportion of the payment in relation to total payments required to be made on the loan, and those shares are allocated to the ESOP accounts of participants on a quarterly or annual basis. Cash dividends on financed shares will first be used to repay the acquisition loan. Cash dividends on allocated shares are payable to the participants in cash or reinvested in Company stock not later than 90 days from the end of the Plan year.
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Compensation expense is determined by multiplying the per share market price of the common stock by the number of shares to be released. The number of unallocated, committed to be released, and allocated shares are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | Unallocated shares | | | Committed to be released shares | | Allocated shares | | Compensation Expense |
| | | | | | | | | (in thousands) |
Shares as of December 31, 2005 | | 9,500 | | | — | | — | | | |
Shares purchased by ESOP during 2006 | | 490,500 | | | — | | — | | | |
Shares allocated for match during 2006 | | (47,547 | ) | | — | | 47,547 | | $ | 548 |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Shares as of December 31, 2006 | | 452,453 | | | — | | 47,547 | | | |
Shares allocated for match during 2007 | | (75,064 | ) | | — | | 75,064 | | $ | 774 |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Shares as of December 31, 2007 | | 377,389 | | | — | | 122,611 | | | |
Shares purchased by ESOP during 2008 | | 451,876 | | | — | | — | | | |
Shares allocated for match during 2008 | | (119,102 | ) | | — | | 119,102 | | $ | 762 |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Shares as of December 31, 2008 | | 710,163 | | | — | | 241,713 | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
The cost of the shares not yet committed to be released from collateral is shown as a reduction of stockholders’ equity. Unallocated shares are not considered outstanding for earnings per share purposes. At December 31, 2008, the market value of the 710,163 unallocated shares outstanding totaled $3,281 thousand. At December 31, 2007, the market value of the 377,389 unallocated shares outstanding totaled $3,389 thousand.
NOTE 13—LONG-TERM INCENTIVE PLAN
As of December 31, 2008, the Company has two stock-based compensation plans, the 2002 Long-Term Incentive Plan (2002 LTIP) and the 1999 Long-Term Incentive Plan (1999 LTIP). The plans are administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors (the Committee), which selects persons eligible to receive awards and determines the number of shares and/or options subject to each award, the terms, conditions and other provisions of the award. The plans are described in further detail below.
The 2002 Long-Term Incentive Plan was approved by the stockholders of the Company at the 2002 annual meeting and subsequently amended twice by the stockholders of the Company. The first amendment was approved at the 2004 annual meeting to increase the number of shares available for issuance under the 2002 LTIP to 768 thousand shares. The second amendment at the 2008 annual meeting increased the number of shares available for issuance under the 2002 LTIP to 1,518 thousand shares. Eligible participants include eligible employees, officers, consultants and directors of the Company or any affiliate. Pursuant to the 2002 LTIP, the total number of shares of stock authorized for awards was 1,518 thousand, of which not more than 20% may be granted as awards of restricted stock. The exercise price per share of a stock option granted may not be less than the fair market value as of the grant date. The exercise price must be at least 110% of the fair market value at the grant date for options granted to individuals, who at grant date, are 10% owners of the Company’s voting stock (10% owner). Restricted stock may be awarded to participants with terms and conditions determined by the Committee. The term of each award is determined by the Committee, provided that the term of any incentive stock option may not exceed ten years (five years for 10% owners) from its grant date. Each option award vests in approximately equal percentages each year over a period of not less than three years from the date of grant as determined by the Committee subject to accelerated vesting under terms of the 2002 LTIP or as provided in any award agreement.
The Company’s 1999 Long-Term Incentive Plan (1999 LTIP) is limited to eligible employees. The total number of shares of stock authorized for awards was 936 thousand, of which not more than 10% could be granted as awards of restricted stock. Under the terms of the 1999 LTIP, incentive stock options to purchase
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shares of the Company’s common stock were granted at a price not less than the fair market value of the stock as of the date of the grant. Options were to be exercised within ten years from the date of grant subject to conditions specified by the plan. Restricted stock could also be awarded by the committee in accordance with the 1999 LTIP. Each award vested in approximately equal percentages each year over a period of not less than three years (with the exception of five grants for a total of 168 thousand shares which vest in approximately equal percentages at 6 months, 18 months and 30 months) and vest from the date of grant as determined by the committee subject to accelerated vesting under terms of the 1999 LTIP or as provided in any award agreement.
Stock Options
The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate fair value of stock-based awards, which uses the assumptions indicated in the table below. Expected volatility is based on the implied volatility of the Company’s stock price. The Company uses historical data to estimate option exercise and employee terminations used in the model. The expected term of options granted is derived using the “simplified” method as permitted under the provisions of the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107 and represents the period of time options granted are expected to be outstanding. The risk-free interest rate for periods within the contractual life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. The table below provides the weighted average assumptions used to determine the fair value of stock option grants during the years indicated.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
Expected dividend yield | | | 2.30 | % | | | 1.78 | % | | | 1.56 | % |
Expected volatility | | | 21 | % | | | 18 | % | | | 18 | % |
Risk-free interest rate | | | 3.39 | % | | | 5.06 | % | | | 4.70 | % |
Expected life of option | | | 6.5 years | | | | 6.5 years | | | | 6.5 years | |
Grant date fair value | | $ | 1.79 | | | $ | 2.77 | | | $ | 2.82 | |
The total intrinsic value of options exercised during 2008, 2007, and 2006 was zero, $43 thousand and $152 thousand, respectively. At December 31, 2008, there was $392 thousand unrecognized compensation expense related to share-based payments, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.5 years.
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The following is a summary of the status of stock options as of December 31, 2008, 2007, and 2006, and changes during the years then ended:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Shares | | | Weighted- Average Exercise Price | | Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term | | Aggregate Intrinsic Value | |
| | (in thousands) | | | | | (in years) | | (in thousands) | |
Outstanding—January 1, 2006 | | 1,164 | | | $ | 7.35 | | | | | | |
Granted | | 281 | | | | 11.28 | | | | | | |
Exercised | | (36 | ) | | | 7.14 | | | | | | |
Forfeited | | (46 | ) | | | 8.83 | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Outstanding—December 31, 2006 | | 1,363 | | | $ | 8.12 | | 7.08 | | $ | 4,655 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Exercisable—December 31, 2006 | | 889 | | | $ | 6.88 | | 5.90 | | $ | 4,138 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Outstanding—January 1, 2007 | | 1,363 | | | $ | 8.12 | | | | | | |
Granted | | 40 | | | | 11.26 | | | | | | |
Exercised | | (12 | ) | | | 7.68 | | | | | | |
Forfeited | | (12 | ) | | | 10.34 | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Outstanding—December 31, 2007 | | 1,379 | | | $ | 8.19 | | 6.16 | | $ | 1,927 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Exercisable—December 31, 2007 | | 1,085 | | | $ | 7.47 | | 5.48 | | $ | 1,927 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Outstanding—January 1, 2008 | | 1,379 | | | $ | 8.19 | | | | | | |
Granted | | 112 | | | | 8.75 | | | | | | |
Exercised | | — | | | | — | | | | | | |
Forfeited | | (26 | ) | | | 10.31 | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Outstanding—December 31, 2008 | | 1,465 | | | $ | 8.20 | | 5.35 | | $ | — | 1 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Exercisable—December 31, 2008 | | 1,244 | | | $ | 7.87 | | 4.77 | | $ | — | 1 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
1 | At December 31, 2008, the strike price of all outstanding options exceeded the share price resulting in no intrinsic value. |
The Company recorded compensation expense of $472 thousand, $467 thousand and $382 thousand related to stock options for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. As of December 31, 2008, shares available for future grants to employees and directors under existing plans were 188 shares and 646 thousand shares for the 1999 LTIP and 2002 LTIP, respectively.
Restricted Stock
The plans described above allow for the issuance of restricted stock awards that may not be sold or otherwise transferred until certain restrictions have lapsed. The unearned stock-based compensation related to these awards is amortized to compensation expense over the period the restrictions lapse. The share-based expense for these awards was determined based on the market price of the Company’s stock at the grant date applied to the total number of shares that were anticipated to fully vest and then amortized over the vesting period.
The Company recognized $112 thousand, $166 thousand and $24 thousand in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively, net of forfeitures related to restricted stock. As of December 31, 2008, unearned stock-based compensation of $84 thousand was associated with these awards. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.3 years. The total fair value of shares vested during 2008 was $47 thousand.
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The following table summarizes the restricted stock activity:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2008 | | 2007 | | 2006 |
| | Shares | | | Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value | | Shares | | | Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value | | Shares | | | Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value |
Nonvested—beginning of period | | 15,310 | | | $ | 10.80 | | 43,045 | | | $ | 10.40 | | 57,624 | | | $ | 9.88 |
Granted | | 3,650 | | | $ | 9.08 | | — | | | | — | | 16,000 | | | $ | 11.35 |
Vested | | (9,870 | ) | | $ | 9.87 | | (27,735 | ) | | $ | 10.18 | | (4,455 | ) | | $ | 9.50 |
Forfeited | | — | | | | — | | — | | | | — | | (26,124 | ) | | $ | 10.00 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Nonvested—end of period | | 9,090 | | | $ | 10.44 | | 15,310 | | | $ | 10.80 | | 43,045 | | | $ | 10.40 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The 2008 and 2006 restricted stock awards vest in equal installments on each of the first three anniversaries of the date of grant.
NOTE 14—STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
During 2008, the Board of Directors declared the following dividends:
| | | | | | | | | | |
Declaration Date | | Dividend Per Share | | Date of Record | | Total Amount | | Payment Date |
| | | | | | (in thousands) | | |
February 7, 2008 | | $ | 0.05 | | March 3, 2008 | | $ | 821 | | March 17, 2008 |
April 23, 2008 | | $ | 0.05 | | June 2, 2008 | | $ | 821 | | June 16, 2008 |
July 23, 2008 | | $ | 0.05 | | September 1, 2008 | | $ | 823 | | September 16, 2008 |
October 22, 2008 | | $ | 0.05 | | December 1, 2008 | | $ | 788 | | December 16, 2008 |
The Board of Directors has authorized the Company to repurchase shares of its common stock in open market transactions. The following summarizes the repurchase plans that were active in 2008:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Plan Name | | Announcement Date | | Completion Date | | Authorized Shares | | | Repurchased Shares | | Average Price |
November 2007 Repurchase Plan | | November 28, 2007 | | Suspended | | 500,000 | | | 358,495 | | $ | 7.82 |
July 2008 ESOP Purchase Plan | | July 23, 2008 | | In Process | | n/a | 1 | | 451,876 | | $ | 6.71 |
1 | The ESOP is authorized to purchase up to $10 million of Company stock. |
On December 29, 2008, the Company filed with the State of Tennessee an Articles of Amendment to the Charter of Incorporation to authorize a class of ten million (10,000,000) shares of preferred stock, no par value. This Articles of Incorporation was approved by the shareholders of the Company at a shareholders’ meeting held December 18, 2008, pursuant to a proxy statement filed by the Company on November 24, 2008. As of December 31, 2008, no preferred stock shares were issued. See Note 28-Subsequent Events for information regarding the issuance of preferred stock in 2009.
NOTE 15—MINIMUM REGULATORY CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS
The Company is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can result in certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Company must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of their assets, liabilities and certain off-balance-sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings and other factors. Prompt corrective action provisions are not applicable to bank holding companies.
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Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Company to maintain minimum amounts and ratios (set forth in the following table) of total and Tier 1 capital (as defined in the regulations) to risk-weighted assets (as defined) and of Tier 1 capital (as defined) to the average assets (as defined). Management believes, as of December 31, 2008, that the Company met all capital adequacy requirements to which they are subject.
As of December 31, 2008, the Company and the Bank were well capitalized for regulatory purposes. To be categorized as well capitalized, the Bank must maintain minimum total risk-based, Tier 1 risk-based and Tier 1 leverage ratios as set forth in the following table.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Actual | | | Minimum Capital Requirements | | | Minimum to be Well Capitalized under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions | |
| | Amount | | Ratio | | | Amount | | Ratio | | | Amount | | Ratio | |
| | (in thousands, except percentages) | |
December 31, 2008 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets— | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
First Security Group, Inc. and subsidiary | | $ | 122,604 | | 11.1 | % | | $ | 88,332 | | 8.0 | % | | | N/A | | N/A | |
FSGBank, N.A. | | $ | 117,556 | | 10.7 | % | | $ | 88,215 | | 8.0 | % | | $ | 110,269 | | 10.0 | % |
| | | | | | |
Tier 1 Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets— | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
First Security Group, Inc. and subsidiary | | $ | 108,774 | | 9.9 | % | | $ | 44,166 | | 4.0 | % | | | N/A | | N/A | |
FSGBank, N.A. | | $ | 103,726 | | 9.4 | % | | $ | 44,108 | | 4.0 | % | | $ | 66,161 | | 6.0 | % |
| | | | | | |
Tier 1 Capital to Average Assets— | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
First Security Group, Inc. and subsidiary | | $ | 108,774 | | 8.7 | % | | $ | 49,805 | | 4.0 | % | | | N/A | | N/A | |
FSGBank, N.A. | | $ | 103,726 | | 8.3 | % | | $ | 49,734 | | 4.0 | % | | $ | 62,167 | | 5.0 | % |
| | | |
| | Actual | | | Minimum Capital Requirements | | | Minimum to be Well Capitalized under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions | |
| | Amount | | Ratio | | | Amount | | Ratio | | | Amount | | Ratio | |
| | (in thousands, except percentages) | |
December 31, 2007 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets— | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
First Security Group, Inc. and subsidiary | | $ | 125,476 | | 11.8 | % | | $ | 84,833 | | 8.0 | % | | | N/A | | N/A | |
FSGBank, N.A. | | $ | 119,286 | | 11.2 | % | | $ | 84,770 | | 8.0 | % | | $ | 105,962 | | 10.0 | % |
| | | | | | |
Tier 1 Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets— | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
First Security Group, Inc. and subsidiary | | $ | 114,360 | | 10.8 | % | | $ | 42,417 | | 4.0 | % | | | N/A | | N/A | |
FSGBank, N.A. | | $ | 108,170 | | 10.2 | % | | $ | 42,385 | | 4.0 | % | | $ | 63,577 | | 6.0 | % |
| | | | | | |
Tier 1 Capital to Average Assets— | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
First Security Group, Inc. and subsidiary | | $ | 114,360 | | 9.7 | % | | $ | 46,947 | | 4.0 | % | | | N/A | | N/A | |
FSGBank, N.A. | | $ | 108,170 | | 9.2 | % | | $ | 46,940 | | 4.0 | % | | $ | 58,675 | | 5.0 | % |
NOTE 16—FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
Effective January 1, 2007, the Company early adopted SFAS 157 and SFAS 159. The statements require disclosures about the Company’s assets and liabilities, if applicable, that are measured at fair value. Further information about such assets is presented below.
SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands the disclosures about fair value measurements. The following tables present information about the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2008, and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques utilized by the Company to determine such fair value. In general, fair values determined by Level 1 inputs utilize quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or
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liabilities that the Company has the ability to access. Fair values determined by Level 2 inputs utilize inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, and inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, such as interest rates and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability. In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the hierarchy. In such cases, the fair value is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis as of December 31, 2008
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Balance as of December 31, 2008 | | | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | | | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |
| | (in thousands) |
Financial Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Securities Available-for-Sale | | $ | 139,305 | | | $ | — | | $ | 139,055 | | | $ | 250 |
Loans Held for Sale | | | 1,609 | | | | — | | | 1,609 | | | | — |
Cash Flow Swaps | | | 5,992 | | | | — | | | 5,992 | | | | — |
Forward Loan Sales Contracts | | | — | 1 | | | — | | | — | 1 | | | — |
1 | Forward Loan Sales Contracts are less than $1 thousand at December 31, 2008. |
The following table presents additional information about assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and for which the Company has utilized Level 3 inputs to determine fair value:
Changes in Level 3 Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Beginning Balance | | Total Realized and Unrealized Gains or Losses | | Purchases, Sales, Other Settlements and Issuances, net | | Net Transfers In and/or Out of Level 3 | | Ending Balance |
| | (in thousands) |
Financial Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Securities Available-for-Sale | | $ | 250 | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 250 |
The Company did not recognize any unrealized gains or losses on Level 3 fair value assets or liabilities.
At December 31, 2008, the Company also had assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis. Items measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis include other real estate owned (OREO) and repossessions, as well as assets and liabilities acquired in prior business combinations, including loans, goodwill, core deposit intangible assets, and time deposits. Such measurements were determined utilizing Level 2 and Level 3 inputs.
OREO and repossessions are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis using Level 2 inputs in accordance with SFAS 144. The following table presents the change in carrying value of those assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis, for which impairment was recognized in the current period.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Carrying Value as of December 31, 2008 | | Level 1 Fair Value Measurement | | Level 2 Fair Value Measurement | | Level 3 Fair Value Measurement | | Valuation Allowance as of December 31, 2008 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Other Real Estate Owned | | $ | 1,866 | | $ | — | | $ | 1,866 | | $ | — | | $ | (857 | ) |
Repossessions | | $ | 845 | | $ | — | | $ | 845 | | $ | — | | $ | (407 | ) |
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The estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2008 | | December 31, 2007 |
| | Carrying Amount | | Fair Value | | Carrying Amount | | Fair Value |
| | (in thousands) |
Financial Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and Cash Equivalents | | $ | 23,222 | | $ | 23,222 | | $ | 27,394 | | $ | 27,394 |
Interest Bearing Deposits in Banks | | $ | 918 | | $ | 918 | | $ | 296 | | $ | 296 |
Securities Available-for-Sale | | $ | 139,305 | | $ | 139,305 | | $ | 131,849 | | $ | 131,849 |
Loans Held for Sale | | $ | 1,609 | | $ | 1,609 | | $ | 4,396 | | $ | 4,396 |
Loans | | $ | 1,009,975 | | $ | 1,041,559 | | $ | 948,709 | | $ | 963,852 |
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses | | $ | 17,385 | | $ | 17,385 | | $ | 10,956 | | $ | 10,956 |
| | | | |
Financial Liabilities | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Deposits | | $ | 1,076,286 | | $ | 1,085,973 | | $ | 902,629 | | $ | 904,507 |
Federal Funds Purchased and Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase | | $ | 40,036 | | $ | 40,036 | | $ | 62,286 | | $ | 62,286 |
Other Borrowings | | $ | 2,777 | | $ | 2,777 | | $ | 80,459 | | $ | 80,459 |
The following methods and assumptions were used by the Company in estimating fair value of each class of financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate that value:
| • | | Cash and Cash Equivalents—The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents approximate fair value. |
| • | | Interest Bearing Deposits in Banks—The carrying amounts of interest bearing deposits in banks approximate fair value. |
| • | | Securities—Fair values for securities are based on quoted prices for similar assets in active markets. |
| • | | Loans Held for Sale—Fair value for loans held for sale are based on quoted prices for similar assets in active markets. |
| • | | Loans—For variable-rate loans that reprice frequently and have no significant change in credit risk, fair values are based on carrying values. Fair values for certain mortgage loans and other consumer loans are estimated using the quoted market prices for securities backed by similar loans, adjusted for differences in loan characteristics. The fair value of other types of loans and leases is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using the current rates at which similar loans would be made to borrowers of similar credit ratings quality. Fair values for impaired loans and leases are estimated using discounted cash flow analysis or underlying collateral values, where applicable. |
| • | | Deposit Liabilities—The fair value of demand deposits, savings accounts and certain money market deposits is the amount payable on demand at the reporting date. The fair value for fixed-rate certificates of deposit is estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation that applies interest rates currently being offered on certificates to a schedule of aggregated expected monthly maturities on time deposits. |
| • | | Federal Funds Purchased and Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase—These borrowings generally mature in 90 days or less and, accordingly, the carrying amount reported in the balance sheet approximates fair value. |
| • | | Other Borrowings—Other borrowings carrying amount reported in the balance sheet approximates fair value. |
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NOTE 17—FAIR VALUE OPTION
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS 159, which provides a fair value option election that allows companies to irrevocably elect fair value as the initial and subsequent measurement attribute for certain financial assets and liabilities, with changes in fair value recognized in earnings as they occur. SFAS 159 permits the fair value option election on an instrument by instrument basis at initial recognition of an asset or liability or upon an event that gives rise to a new basis of accounting for that instrument.
During February 2008, the Company began recording all newly-originated loans held for sale under the fair value option. The Company chose the fair value option to eliminate the complexities and inherent difficulties of achieving hedge accounting and to better align reporting results with the underlying economic changes in value of the loans and related hedge instruments. This election impacts the timing and recognition of origination fees and costs, as well as servicing value. Specifically, origination fees and costs, which had been appropriately deferred under SFAS 91 and recognized as part of the gain or loss on the sale of the loan, are now recognized at origination of the loan. The Company began using derivatives to hedge changes in servicing value as a result of including the servicing value in the fair value of the loan. The estimated impact from recognizing servicing value, net of related hedging costs, as part of the fair value of the loan is captured in the mortgage loan and related fees component of non-interest income.
As of December 31, 2008, there were $1,609 thousand in loans held for sale recorded at fair value. For the year ended December 31, 2008, the use of the fair value option accounted for approximately $1,086 thousand of the $1,443 thousand in loan origination and related fee income in non-interest income.
For the year ended December 31, 2008, the Company recognized a loss of $439 thousand due to changes in fair value for loans held for sale in which the fair value option was elected. This amount does not reflect the change in fair value attributable to the related hedges the Company used to mitigate the interest rate risk associated with loans held for sale. The changes in the fair value of the hedges were also recorded in the mortgage loan and related fee component of non-interest income, and completely offset the $439 thousand change in fair value of loans held for sale.
The following table provides the difference between the aggregate fair value and the aggregate unpaid principal balance of loans held for sale for which the fair value option has been elected.
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | Aggregate Fair Value | | Aggregate Unpaid Principal Balance under FVO | | Fair Value Carrying Amount Over / (Under) Unpaid Principal | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Loans Held for Sale | | $ | 1,609 | | $ | 1,609 | | $ | — | 1 |
1 | The change in fair value was less than $1 thousand. |
NOTE 18—DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The Company records all derivative financial instruments at fair value in the financial statements. It is the policy of the Company to enter into various derivatives both as a risk management tool and in a dealer capacity to facilitate client transactions. Derivatives are used as a risk management tool to hedge the exposure to changes in interest rates or other identified market risks. As of December 31, 2008, the Company had not entered into a transaction in a dealer capacity.
When a derivative is intended to be a qualifying hedged instrument, the Company prepares written hedge documentation that designates the derivative as (1) a hedge of the fair value of a recognized asset or liability or of an unrecognized firm commitment (fair value hedge) or (2) a hedge of a forecasted transaction, such as, the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized asset or liability (cash flow hedge).
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The written documentation includes identification of, among other items, the risk management objective, hedging instrument, hedged item, and methodologies for assessing and measuring hedge effectiveness and ineffectiveness, along with support for management’s assertion that the hedge will be highly effective. Methodologies related to hedge effectiveness and ineffectiveness include (1) statistical regression analysis of changes in the cash flows of the actual derivative and a perfectly effective hypothetical derivative, (2) statistical regression analysis of changes in fair values of the actual derivative and the hedged item and (3) comparison of the critical terms of the hedged item and the hedging derivative. Changes in fair value of a derivative that is highly effective and that has been designated and qualifies as a fair value hedge are recorded in current period earnings, along with the changes in the fair value of the hedged asset or liability that are attributable to the hedged risk. Changes in the fair value of a derivative that is highly effective and that has been designed and qualifies as a cash flow hedge are initially recorded in other comprehensive income and reclassified to earnings in conjunction with the recognition of the earnings impacts of the hedged item; any ineffective portion is recorded in current period earnings. Designated hedge transactions are reviewed at least quarterly for ongoing effectiveness. Transactions that are no longer deemed to be effective are removed from hedge accounting classification and the recorded impacts of the hedge are recognized in current period income or expense in conjunction with the recognition of the income or expense on the originally hedged item.
The Company’s derivatives are based on underlying risks, primarily interest rates. The Company is utilizing a swap to reduce the risks associated with interest rates. Swaps are contracts in which a series of net cash flows, based on a specific notional amount that is related to an underlying risk, are exchanged over a prescribed period. The Company has utilizes forward contacts on the held for sale loan portfolio. The forward contracts hedge against change in fair value of the held for sale loans.
Derivatives expose the Company to credit risk. If the counterparty fails to perform, the credit risk is equal to the fair value gain of the derivative. The credit exposure for swaps is the replacement cost of contracts that have become favorable. Credit risk is minimized by entering into transactions with high quality counterparties that are initially approved by the Board of Directors and reviewed periodically by the Asset Liability Committee. It is the Company’s policy to require that all derivatives be governed by an International Swap and Derivatives Associations Master Agreement (ISDA). Bilateral collateral agreements may also be required.
On August 28, 2007, the Company elected to terminate a series of seven interest rate swaps with a total notional value of $150 million. At termination, the swaps had a market value of $2.0 million. The gain is being accreted into interest income over the remaining expected terms of the hedged variable rate loans. The Company recognized $597 thousand and $205 thousand in interest income for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The remaining gain that will be accreted into income through 2012 is $1,208 thousand. The following table presents the accretion of the gain:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2007 | | 2008 | | 2009 | | 2010 | | 2011 | | 2012 | | Total |
| | (in thousands) |
Accretion of Gain from Terminated Swaps | | $ | 205 | | $ | 597 | | $ | 533 | | $ | 394 | | $ | 219 | | $ | 62 | | $ | 2,010 |
On October 15, 2007, the Company entered into a total of $50 million notional value cash flow hedges. The hedges exchange a portion of the Company’s variable rate cash flows from its Prime-based commercial loans for fixed rate cash flows. The weighted average fixed rate is approximately 7.72% and the term is five years. An estimated $1,475 thousand, net of taxes, of the unrealized gains that are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income as of December 31, 2008, are expected to be reclassified to interest income in the next twelve months based on the Prime rate of 3.25%.
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The following are the cash flow hedges as of December 31, 2008:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Notional Amount | | Gross Unrealized Gains | | | Gross Unrealized Losses | | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income | | | Maturity Date |
| | (in thousands) |
Asset Hedges | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash Flow hedges: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest Rate swap | | $ | 25,000 | | $ | 2,996 | | | $ | — | | $ | 1,977 | | | October 15, 2012 |
Interest Rate swap | | | 25,000 | | | 2,996 | | | | — | | | 1,978 | | | October 15, 2012 |
Forward contracts | | | 1,609 | | | — | 1 | | | — | | | — | 1 | | various |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 51,609 | | $ | 5,992 | | | $ | — | | $ | 3,955 | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Terminated Asset Hedges | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash Flow hedges:2 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest Rate swap | | $ | 19,000 | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | $ | 24 | | | June 28, 2009 |
Interest Rate swap | | | 25,000 | | | — | | | | — | | | 111 | | | June 28, 2010 |
Interest Rate swap | | | 25,000 | | | — | | | | — | | | 178 | | | June 28, 2011 |
Interest Rate swap | | | 12,000 | | | — | | | | — | | | 14 | | | June 28, 2009 |
Interest Rate swap | | | 14,000 | | | — | | | | — | | | 45 | | | June 28, 2010 |
Interest Rate swap | | | 20,000 | | | — | | | | — | | | 134 | | | June 28, 2011 |
Interest Rate swap | | | 35,000 | | | — | | | | — | | | 291 | | | June 28, 2012 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 150,000 | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | $ | 797 | | | June 28, 2012 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
1 | The gross unrealized gains on forward contracts were less than $1 thousand at December 31, 2008. |
2 | The $797 thousand of gains, net of taxes, recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income will be reclassified into earnings as interest income over the original life of the respective hedged items. |
For the year ended December 31, 2008, no significant amounts were recognized for hedge ineffectiveness.
NOTE 19—COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
The Company is party to credit related financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and the issuance of financial guarantees in the form of financial and performance standby letters of credit. Such commitments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated balance sheets.
The Company’s exposure to credit loss is represented by the contractual amount of these commitments. The Company follows the same credit policies in making commitments as they do for on-balance-sheet instruments.
The Company’s maximum exposure to credit risk for unfunded loan commitments and standby letters of credit at December 31, 2008 and 2007, was as follows:
| | | | | | |
| | 2008 | | 2007 |
| | (in thousands) |
Commitments to Extend Credit | | $ | 278,011 | | $ | 304,187 |
Standby Letters of Credit | | $ | 21,880 | | $ | 16,923 |
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to customers. Standby letters of credit are contingent commitments issued by the Company to guarantee performance of a customer to a third party under a contractual non-financial obligation for which it receives a fee. Financial standby letters of credit represent a commitment to guarantee customer repayment of an outstanding loan or debt instrument. Commitments generally have fixed
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expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of fees. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Company evaluates each customer’s credit worthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Company on extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation. Collateral held varies but may include accounts receivable, inventory, property and equipment and income-producing commercial properties.
The Company is party to certain legal proceedings incidental to its business. The ultimate disposition of these matters, in the opinion of management, based in part on advice of legal counsel, will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.
NOTE 20—COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
In accordance with FASB Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 130,Reporting Comprehensive Income, the Company is required to report “comprehensive income”, a measure of all changes in equity, not only reflecting net income but certain other changes as well. Comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively, was as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Net Income | | $ | 1,361 | | | $ | 11,356 | | | $ | 11,112 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other comprehensive income (loss): | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Available-for-sale securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Unrealized net gain on securities arising during the period | | | 1,051 | | | | 1,416 | | | | 876 | |
Tax expense related to unrealized net gain | | | (357 | ) | | | (481 | ) | | | (298 | ) |
Reclassification adjustments for realized (gain) loss included in net income | | | (146 | ) | | | 752 | | | | 197 | |
Tax expense (benefit) related to (gain) loss realized in net income | | | 50 | | | | (256 | ) | | | (67 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Unrealized gain on securities, net of tax | | | 598 | | | | 1,431 | | | | 708 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Derivative cash flow hedges: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Unrealized gain on derivatives arising during the period | | | 5,474 | | | | 3,892 | | | | — | |
Tax expense related to unrealized gain | | | (1,861 | ) | | | (1,323 | ) | | | — | |
Reclassification adjustments for realized gain included in net income | | | (1,936 | ) | | | (230 | ) | | | — | |
Tax expense related to gain realized in net income | | | 658 | | | | 78 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Unrealized gain on derivatives, net of tax | | | 2,335 | | | | 2,417 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax | | | 2,933 | | | | 3,848 | | | | 708 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Comprehensive income, net of tax | | $ | 4,294 | | | $ | 15,204 | | | $ | 11,820 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
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NOTE 21—OTHER ASSETS AND OTHER LIABILITIES
Other assets and other liabilities consist of the following:
| | | | | | |
| | 2008 | | 2007 |
| | (in thousands) |
Other Assets: | | | | | | |
Cash Surrender Value of Bank-Owned Life Insurance | | $ | 24,012 | | $ | 23,140 |
Foreclosed Properties and Repossessions | | | 8,825 | | | 4,286 |
Equity Securities | | | 7,421 | | | 6,692 |
Cash Flow Swaps | | | 5,992 | | | 1,858 |
Interest Receivable | | | 4,737 | | | 5,889 |
Prepaid Expenses | | | 1,353 | | | 1,068 |
Federal Income Tax Receivable | | | 1,053 | | | — |
Net Deferred Tax Assets | | | 104 | | | — |
Other | | | 1,718 | | | 2,227 |
| | | | | | |
Total Other Assets | | $ | 55,215 | | $ | 45,160 |
| | | | | | |
Other Liabilities: | | | | | | |
Accrued Interest Payable | | $ | 7,020 | | $ | 8,096 |
Accrued Expenses | | | 874 | | | 1,849 |
Federal Income Tax Payable | | | — | | | 3,302 |
Net Deferred Tax Liability | | | — | | | 464 |
Other | | | 2,912 | | | 2,378 |
| | | | | | |
Total Other Liabilities | | $ | 10,806 | | $ | 16,089 |
| | | | | | |
NOTE 22—SUPPLEMENTAL FINANCIAL DATA
Components of other noninterest income or other noninterest expense in excess of 1% of the aggregate of total interest income and noninterest income are shown in the following table.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Noninterest Income— | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Mortgage Loan and Related Fees | | $ | 1,443 | | | $ | 1,594 | | | $ | 1,446 | |
Point-of-Service Fees | | | 1,050 | | | | — | 1 | | | — | 1 |
Bank-Owned Life Insurance Income | | | 967 | | | | — | 1 | | | 870 | |
Gain on Sale of Assets | | | — | 1 | | | 974 | | | | — | 1 |
All Other Items | | | 2,792 | | | | 4,285 | | | | 3,655 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Other Noninterest Income | | $ | 6,252 | | | $ | 6,853 | | | $ | 5,971 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Noninterest Expense— | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Professional Fees | | $ | 1,744 | | | $ | 1,577 | | | $ | 1,927 | |
Data Processing | | | 1,463 | | | | 1,399 | | | | 1,237 | |
Losses and Write-downs on Other Real Estate Owned, Repossession, Fixed Assets and Other Assets | | | 1,334 | | | | 1,411 | | | | — | 1 |
Intangible Asset Amortization | | | — | 1 | | | 985 | | | | 1,246 | |
All Other Items | | | 7,700 | | | | 6,426 | | | | 6,886 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Other Noninterest Expense | | $ | 12,241 | | | $ | 11,798 | | | $ | 11,296 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
1 | Amounts less than 1% of the aggregate of total interest income plus noninterest income for each year shown are represented by a hyphen and included in “All Other Items” for the applicable year. |
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NOTE 23—CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF PARENT COMPANY
Financial information pertaining only to First Security Group, Inc. is as follows:
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEET
| | | | | | |
| | 2008 | | 2007 |
| | (in thousands) |
ASSETS | | | | | | |
Cash and Due from Bank Subsidiary | | $ | 1,283 | | $ | 6,109 |
Investment in Common Stock of Subsidiary | | | 139,196 | | | 141,504 |
Other Assets | | | 4,045 | | | 2,001 |
| | | | | | |
TOTAL ASSETS | | $ | 144,524 | | $ | 149,614 |
| | | | | | |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | | | | | |
LIABILITIES | | $ | 280 | | $ | 1,921 |
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | | 144,244 | | | 147,693 |
| | | | | | |
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | $ | 144,524 | | $ | 149,614 |
| | | | | | |
CONDENSED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
INCOME | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Management Fees | | $ | 7,800 | | | $ | 7,289 | | | $ | 5,313 | |
Dividends from Subsidiary | | | 6,500 | | | | 10,000 | | | | 4,000 | |
Other | | | 16 | | | | 33 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Income | | | 14,316 | | | | 17,322 | | | | 9,313 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
EXPENSES | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Salaries and Employee Benefits | | | 5,896 | | | | 6,674 | | | | 6,023 | |
Other | | | 1,735 | | | | 1,670 | | | | 1,585 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Expenses | | | 7,631 | | | | 8,344 | | | | 7,608 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES AND EQUITY IN UNDISTRIBUTED EARNINGS IN SUBSIDIARY | | | 6,685 | | | | 8,978 | | | | 1,705 | |
Income Tax Expense (Benefit) | | | 84 | | | | (367 | ) | | | (839 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE EQUITY IN UNDISTRIBUTED EARNINGS IN SUBSIDIARY | | | 6,601 | | | | 9,345 | | | | 2,544 | |
Equity in Undistributed Earnings of Subsidiary | | | — | | | | 2,011 | | | | 8,568 | |
Distributions in Excess of Earnings of Subsidiary | | | (5,240 | ) | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
NET INCOME | | $ | 1,361 | | | $ | 11,356 | | | $ | 11,112 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
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CONDENSED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Income | | $ | 1,361 | | | $ | 11,356 | | | $ | 11,112 | |
Adjustments to Reconcile Net Income to Net Cash (Used in) Provided by Operating Activities— | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Equity in Undistributed Earnings of Subsidiary | | | — | | | | (2,011 | ) | | | (8,568 | ) |
Distributions in Excess of Earnings of Subsidiary | | | 5,240 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Amortization of Deferred Compensation | | | 584 | | | | 633 | | | | 454 | |
ESOP Compensation | | | 762 | | | | 774 | | | | 548 | |
(Increase) Decrease in Other Assets | | | (2,044 | ) | | | 6,602 | | | | (1,793 | ) |
(Decrease) Increase in Other Liabilities | | | (1,640 | ) | | | 561 | | | | 642 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities | | | 4,263 | | | | 17,915 | | | | 2,395 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Additions to Premises and Equipment | | | — | | | | — | | | | (4,133 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities | | | — | | | | — | | | | (4,133 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Proceeds from Issuance of Common Stock under Stock Option Plan | | | — | | | | 96 | | | | 255 | |
Proceeds from Issuance of Common Stock, net of stock issuance costs | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1,877 | |
Repurchase and Retirement of Common Stock | | | (2,803 | ) | | | (10,388 | ) | | | (917 | ) |
Purchase of ESOP Shares | | | (3,033 | ) | | | — | | | | (5,471 | ) |
Dividend Paid on Common Stock | | | (3,253 | ) | | | (3,414 | ) | | | (2,167 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Cash Used in Financing Activities | | | (9,089 | ) | | | (13,706 | ) | | | (6,423 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
NET (DECREASE) INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS | | | (4,826 | ) | | | 4,209 | | | | (8,161 | ) |
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS—beginning of year | | | 6,109 | | | | 1,900 | | | | 10,061 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS—end of year | | $ | 1,283 | | | $ | 6,109 | | | $ | 1,900 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF NONCASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income Taxes Paid | | $ | 5,548 | | | $ | 3,943 | | | $ | 2,522 | |
Issuance of Common Stock Pursuant to Incentive Plan | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 182 | |
Transfer of Corporate Headquarters to Subsidiary | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 5,803 | |
NOTE 24—RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
During 2008, 2007 and 2006 the Company was party to an agreement with Alpha Antiques, whose sole proprietor, Judy Holley, is the spouse of Rodger Holley, the Company’s Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. Under the agreement, Alpha Antiques provided design and procurement services relating to the design and construction of the Bank’s branches and the renovation of the Company’s corporate headquarters, for which it paid $40 thousand in 2008 and $30 thousand in 2007 and 2006. The agreement has been renewed for $40 thousand for 2009.
In connection with the acquisition of Premier National Bank of Dalton in 2003, the Bank assumed a lease with First Plaza, L.L.C. J.C. Harold Anders, a director of the Company, is a 14.3% owner of First Plaza. As a result of the agreement, the Bank leases property located at 715 S Thornton Avenue, Dalton, Georgia 30721. The Bank owns a full service branch facility located on this property. The Company recognized lease expense of $51 thousand, $55 thousand $45 thousand for 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
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Additionally, the Company has entered into loan transactions with certain directors, executive officers and significant stockholders and their affiliates. Such transactions were made in the ordinary course of business on substantially the same terms and conditions, including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the same time for comparable transactions with other customers, and did not, in the opinion of management, involve more than normal credit risk or present other unfavorable features. The aggregate amount of loans to such related parties at December 31, 2008 and 2007 was $4,351 thousand and $6,238 thousand, respectively. At December 31, 2008, unused lines of credit to these related parties totaled $2,099 thousand.
NOTE 25—QUARTERLY SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL INFORMATION (UNAUDITED)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | First Quarter 2008 | | Second Quarter 2008 | | Third Quarter 2008 | | Fourth Quarter 2008 | |
| | (in thousands, except per share amounts) | |
Interest Income | | $ | 20,147 | | $ | 19,046 | | $ | 19,058 | | $ | 17,837 | |
Interest Expense | | | 8,632 | | | 7,630 | | | 7,362 | | | 7,237 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Interest Income | | | 11,515 | | | 11,416 | | | 11,696 | | | 10,600 | |
Provision for Loan and Lease Losses | | | 1,178 | | | 1,953 | | | 3,960 | | | 8,662 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Interest Income After Provision for Loan and Lease Losses | | | 10,337 | | | 9,463 | | | 7,736 | | | 1,938 | |
Noninterest Income | | | 2,954 | | | 2,996 | | | 3,057 | | | 2,675 | |
Noninterest Expense | | | 10,064 | | | 10,263 | | | 9,705 | | | 10,350 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes | | | 3,227 | | | 2,196 | | | 1,088 | | | (5,737 | ) |
Income Tax Provision (Benefit) | | | 984 | | | 592 | | | 262 | | | (2,425 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Income (Loss) | | $ | 2,243 | | $ | 1,604 | | $ | 826 | | $ | (3,312 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Income (Loss) Per Share | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Income (Loss) Per Share—Basic | | $ | 0.14 | | $ | 0.10 | | $ | 0.05 | | $ | (0.21 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Income (Loss) Per Share—Diluted | | $ | 0.14 | | $ | 0.10 | | $ | 0.05 | | $ | (0.21 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Shares Outstanding | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | | 16,144 | | | 16,052 | | | 16,065 | | | 15,817 | |
Diluted | | | 16,334 | | | 16,237 | | | 16,159 | | | 15,859 | |
| | | | |
| | First Quarter 2007 | | Second Quarter 2007 | | Third Quarter 2007 | | Fourth Quarter 2007 | |
| | (in thousands, except per share amounts) | |
Interest Income | | $ | 20,098 | | $ | 20,610 | | $ | 21,560 | | $ | 21,255 | |
Interest Expense | | | 8,239 | | | 8,374 | | | 9,034 | | | 8,954 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Interest Income | | | 11,859 | | | 12,236 | | | 12,526 | | | 12,301 | |
Provision for Loan Losses | | | 417 | | | 416 | | | 576 | | | 746 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Interest Income After Provision for Loan Losses | | | 11,442 | | | 11,820 | | | 11,950 | | | 11,555 | |
Noninterest Income | | | 2,214 | | | 2,654 | | | 3,094 | | | 3,338 | |
Noninterest Expense | | | 10,198 | | | 10,213 | | | 10,556 | | | 10,474 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income Before Income Taxes | | | 3,458 | | | 4,261 | | | 4,488 | | | 4,419 | |
Income Tax Provision | | | 1,104 | | | 1,373 | | | 1,466 | | | 1,327 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Income | | $ | 2,354 | | $ | 2,888 | | $ | 3,022 | | $ | 3,092 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Income Per Share | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Income Per Share—Basic1 | | $ | 0.14 | | $ | 0.17 | | $ | 0.18 | | $ | 0.19 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Income Per Share—Diluted | | $ | 0.13 | | $ | 0.17 | | $ | 0.18 | | $ | 0.18 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Shares Outstanding | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | | 17,241 | | | 17,117 | | | 16,901 | | | 16,585 | |
Diluted | | | 17,641 | | | 17,482 | | | 17,223 | | | 16,849 | |
1 | The sum of the 2007 quarterly net income per basic share differs from the annual basic earnings per share because of the differences in the weighted average number of common shares outstanding and the common shares used in the quarterly and annual computation as well as differences in rounding. |
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NOTE 26—BANK-OWNED LIFE INSURANCE
In conjunction with funding certain employee benefit programs, the Company purchased $17,250 thousand in bank-owned life insurance in 2005. In conjunction with the acquisitions of First State Bank and Jackson Bank, the Company assumed $362 thousand and $3,348 thousand, respectively, in bank-owned life insurance in 2002 and 2005, respectively. The Company is the owner and beneficiary of these life insurance contracts. The Company’s investment in bank-owned life insurance is as follows:
| | | | | | |
| | 2008 | | 2007 |
| | (in thousands) |
Cash Surrender Value—beginning of year | | $ | 23,140 | | $ | 22,293 |
Increase in Cash Surrender Value, net of expenses | | | 872 | | | 847 |
| | | | | | |
Cash Surrender Value—end of year | | $ | 24,012 | | $ | 23,140 |
| | | | | | |
The cash surrender value of these policies is reported in other assets in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The Company reports income and expenses from the policies as other income and other expense, respectively, in the consolidated statements of operations and expenses. The income is not subject to tax and the expenses are not deductible for tax.
NOTE 27—CONCENTRATIONS OF CREDIT RISK
The Company offers a variety of loan products with payment terms and rate structures that have been designed to meet the needs of its customers within an established framework of acceptable credit risk. Payment terms range from fully amortizing loans that require periodic principal and interest payments to terms that require periodic payments of interest-only with principal due at maturity. Interest-only loans are a typical characteristic in commercial and home equity lines-of-credit and construction loans (residential and commercial). At December 31, 2008, the Company had approximately $460,056 thousand of interest-only loans, which primarily consist of construction and land development real estate loans (34%), commercial and industrial loans (23%) and home equity loans (19%). The loans have an average maturity of approximately one year or less, with the exception of home equity lines-of-credit which have an average maturity of approximately seven years. The interest only loans are properly underwritten loans and are within the Company’s lending policies.
At December 31, 2008, the Company did not offer, hold or service option adjustable rate mortgages that may expose the borrowers to future increases in repayments in excess of changes resulting solely from increases in the market rate of interest (loans subject to negative amortization).
NOTE 28—SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On January 9, 2009, as part of the U.S. Department of the Treasury (Treasury) Troubled Asset Relief Program Capital Purchase Program (TARP CPP), the Company agreed to issue and sell, and the Treasury agreed to purchase (1) 33,000 shares (Preferred Shares) of the Company’s Fixed Rate Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A, having a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share, and (2) a ten-year warrant to purchase up to 823,627 shares of the Company’s common stock, $0.01 par value, at an exercise price of $6.01 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $33,000 thousand in cash. As a participant in the TARP CPP, the Company is subject to limitations on the payment of dividends to common shareholders (other than the regular quarterly cash dividend of not more than $0.05 per share of common stock).
The Preferred Shares will qualify as Tier 1 capital and will pay cumulative dividends at a rate of 5% per annum for the first five years and 9% per annum thereafter. Dividends are payable quarterly on February 15, May 15, August 15 and November 15 of each year.
On January 28, 2009, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.05 per share payable on March 16, 2009 to stockholders of record on March 2, 2009.
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Item 9. | Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure |
There were no changes in or disagreements with accountants on accounting and financial disclosure.
Item 9A. | Controls and Procedures |
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have evaluated the effectiveness of our “disclosure controls and procedures” (Disclosure Controls). Disclosure Controls, as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act), are procedures that are designed with the objective of ensuring that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act, such as this Annual Report, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms. Disclosure Controls are also designed with the objective of ensuring that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the CEO and CFO, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Our management, including the CEO and CFO, does not expect that our Disclosure Controls will prevent all error and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. The design of any system of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions.
Based upon their controls evaluation, our CEO and CFO have concluded that our Disclosure Controls are effective at a reasonable assurance level.
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance that assets are safeguarded against loss from unauthorized use or disposition, transactions are executed in accordance with appropriate management authorization and accounting records are reliable for the preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008. Management based this assessment on criteria for effective internal control over financial reporting described inInternal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Management’s assessment included an evaluation of the design of our internal control over financial reporting and testing of the operational effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting. Management reviewed the results of its assessment with the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors.
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Based on this assessment, management believes that First Security Group, Inc. maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008.
Joseph Decosimo and Company, PLLC, an independent registered public accounting firm, has issued a report on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, which is included herein.
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Board of Directors and Stockholders
First Security Group, Inc.
Chattanooga, Tennessee
We have audited First Security Group, Inc. and subsidiary’s (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on criteria established inInternal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, First Security Group, Inc. and subsidiary maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on the COSO criteria.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2008, of First Security Group, Inc. and subsidiary and our report dated March 13, 2009, expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.
/s/ Joseph Decosimo and Company, PLLC
Chattanooga, Tennessee
March 13, 2009
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Changes in Internal Controls
There have been no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting during our fourth fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Item 9B. | Other Information |
There is no information required to be disclosed in a report on Form 8-K during the fourth quarter of 2007 that has not been reported.
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PART III
Item 10. | Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance |
We have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (the Code) that applies to all of our directors, officers and employees. We believe the Code is reasonably designed to deter wrongdoing and to promote honest and ethical conduct, including: the ethical handling of conflicts of interest; full, fair and accurate disclosure in filings and other public communications made by us; compliance with applicable laws; prompt internal reporting of violations of the Code; and accountability for adherence to the Code. We have posted a copy of our Code on our website atwww.FSGBank.com.
The remaining information for this Item is included in First Security’s Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on June 3, 2009, under the headings “Proposal One: Election of Directors,” “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” and “Executive Officers” and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 11. | Executive Compensation |
The response to this Item is included in First Security’s Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on June 3, 2009, under the headings “Proposal One: Election of Directors- Director Compensation” and “Executive Compensation” and are incorporated herein by reference.
Item 12. | Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters |
The following table sets forth information regarding our equity compensation plans under which shares of our common stock are authorized for issuance. The only equity compensation plans maintained by us are the First Security Group, Inc. Second Amended and Restated 1999 Long-Term Incentive Plan and the First Security Group, Inc. 2002 Long-Term Incentive Plan, as amended. All data is presented as of December 31, 2008.
| | | | | | | |
| | Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options and vesting of restricted awards | | Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options | | Number of shares remaining available for future issuance under the Plans (excludes outstanding options) |
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders | | 1,473,635 | | $ | 8.20 | | 645,879 |
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders | | — | | | — | | — |
Total | | 1,473,635 | | $ | 8.20 | | 645,879 |
The remaining information for this Item is included in First Security’s Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on June 3, 2009, under the heading “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 13. | Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence |
The response to this Item is included in First Security’s Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on June 3, 2009, under the headings “Related Party Transactions” and “Proposal One: Election of Directors” and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 14. | Principal Accountant Fees and Services |
The response to this Item is included in First Security’s Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on June 3, 2009, under the heading “Proposal Two: Ratification of Appointment of Independent Auditors” and is incorporated herein by reference.
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PART IV
Item 15. | Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules |
(a) | (1) | The list of all financial statements is included at Item 8. |
| (2) The financial statement schedules are either included in the financial statements or are not applicable. |
| (3) | Exhibits Required by Item 601. The following exhibits are attached hereto or incorporated by reference herein (numbered to correspond to Item 601(a) of Regulation S-K, as promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission): |
| | |
Exhibit Number | | Description |
3.1 | | Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation.1 |
| |
3.2 | | Articles of Amendment to the Charter of Incorporation.2 |
| |
3.3 | | Articles of Amendment to the Charter of Incorporation.3 |
| |
3.4 | | Bylaws.4 |
| |
4.1 | | Form of Common Stock Certificate.4 |
| |
4.2 | | Form of Series A Preferred Stock Certificate.5 |
| |
4.3 | | Warrant to Purchase up to 823,627 shares of Common Stock, dated January 9, 2009.6 |
| |
10.1* | | First Security’s Second Amended and Restated 1999 Long-Term Incentive Plan.4 |
| |
10.2* | | First Security’s Amended and Restated 2002 Long-Term Incentive Plan.7 |
| |
10.3* | | Form of Incentive Stock Option Award under the Second Amended and Restated 1999 Long-Term Incentive Plan.8 |
| |
10.4* | | Form of Incentive Stock Option Award under the 2002 Long-Term Incentive Plan.8 |
| |
10.5* | | Form of Non-qualified Stock Option Award under the 2002 Long-Term Incentive Plan.8 |
| |
10.6* | | Form of Restricted Stock Award under the 2002 Long-Term Incentive Plan.8 |
| |
10.7* | | Employment Agreement Dated as of May 16, 2003 by and between First Security and Rodger B. Holley.9 |
| |
10.8* | | Salary Continuation Agreement Dated as of December 21, 2005 by and between First Security, FSGBank and Rodger B. Holley.1 |
| |
10.9* | | Employment Agreement Dated as of May 16, 2003 by and between First Security and Lloyd L. Montgomery, III.9 |
| |
10.11* | | Salary Continuation Agreement Dated as of December 21, 2005 by and between First Security, FSGBank and Lloyd L. Montgomery, III.1 |
| |
10.12* | | Employment Agreement Dated as of May 16, 2003 by and between First Security and William L. Lusk, Jr.9 |
| |
10.13* | | Salary Continuation Agreement Dated as of December 21, 2005 by and between First Security, FSGBank and William L. Lusk, Jr.1 |
| |
10.14* | | First Security Group, Inc. Non-Employee Director Compensation Policy. |
| |
10.15* | | Form of First Amendment to Employment Agreements Dated as of December 18, 2008 (executed by Messrs. Holley, Montgomery and Lusk). |
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| | |
Exhibit Number | | Description |
10.16* | | Form of Senior Executive Officer Agreement Dated as of January 9, 2009 (executed by Messrs. Holley, Montgomery and Lusk).10 |
| |
10.17 | | Letter Agreement, dated January 9, 2009, including Securities Purchase Agreement—Standard Terms, incorporated by reference therein, between the Company and the United States Department of the Treasury.11 |
| |
21.1 | | Subsidiaries of the Registrant.12 |
| |
23.1 | | Consent of Joseph Decosimo and Company, PLLC. |
| |
31.1 | | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934. |
| |
31.2 | | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934. |
| |
32.1 | | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. |
| |
32.2 | | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. |
1 | Incorporated by reference to First Security’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the Year Ended December 31, 2005. |
2 | Incorporated by reference to the Exhibit 3.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 9, 2009. |
3 | Incorporated by reference to the Exhibit 3.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 9, 2009. |
4 | Incorporated by reference to First Security’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 dated April 20, 2001, File No. 333-59338. |
5 | Incorporated by reference to the Exhibit 4.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 9, 2009. |
6 | Incorporated by reference to the Exhibit 4.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 9, 2009. |
7 | Incorporated by reference from Appendix A to First Security’s Proxy Statement filed April 30, 2007. |
8 | Incorporated by reference to First Security’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the Year Ended December 31, 2004. |
9 | Incorporated by reference to First Security’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Period Ended June 30, 2003. |
10 | Incorporated by reference to the Exhibit 10.3 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 9, 2009. |
11 | Incorporated by reference to the Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 9, 2009. |
12 | Incorporated by Reference to First Security’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the Year ended December 31, 2003. |
* | The indicated exhibit is a compensatory plan required to be filed as an exhibit to this Form 10-K |
(b) | The Exhibits not incorporated by reference herein are submitted as a separate part of this report. |
(c) | The financial statement schedules are either included in the financial statements or are not applicable. |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| | |
FIRST SECURITY GROUP, INC. |
| |
BY: | | /s/ RODGER B. HOLLEY |
| | Rodger B. Holley |
| | Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors |
DATE: March 13, 2009
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, the report has been signed by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities indicated on March 13, 2009.
| | |
Signature | | Title |
| |
/s/ RODGER B. HOLLEY Rodger B. Holley | | Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors |
(Principal Executive Officer) | | |
| |
/s/ WILLIAM L. LUSK, JR. William L. Lusk, Jr. | | Secretary, Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice President |
(Principal Financial Officer) | | |
| |
/s/ JOHN R. HADDOCK John R. Haddock | | Controller and Vice-President |
(Principal Accounting Officer) | | |
| |
/s/ J. C. HAROLD ANDERS J. C. Harold Anders | | Director |
| |
/s/ RANDALL L. GIBSON Randall L. Gibson | | Director |
| |
/s/ CAROL H. JACKSON Carol H. Jackson | | Director |
| |
/s/ RALPH L. KENDALL Ralph L. Kendall | | Director |
| |
/s/ WILLIAM B. KILBRIDE William B. Kilbride | | Director |
| |
/s/ D. RAY MARLER D. Ray Marler | | Director |
| |
/s/ LLOYD L. MONTGOMERY, III Lloyd L. Montgomery, III | | Director, President and Chief Operating Officer |
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