| Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | (2) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Consolidation The accompanying Interim Financial Statements include the accounts of Big 5 Sporting Goods Corporation, Big 5 Corp. and Big 5 Services Corp. Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Reporting Period The Company follows the concept of a 52 - 53 week fiscal year, which ends on the Sunday nearest December 31. Fiscal year 2022 is comprised of 52 weeks and ends on January 1, 2023. Fiscal year 2021 was comprised of 52 weeks and ended on January 2, 2022. The interim periods in fiscal 2022 and 2021 are each comprised of 13 weeks. Recently Issued Accounting Updates In March 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848)—Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting . This standard provides optional guidance for a limited time to ease the potential burden in accounting for (or recognizing the effects of) reference rate reform on financial reporting. The amendments in this standard apply only to contracts and hedging relationships that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued due to reference rate reform. The expedients and exceptions provided by the amendments do not apply to contract modifications made and hedging relationships entered into or evaluated after December 31, 2022. The amendments in this standard are elective and are effective upon issuance for all entities, and the impact from this standard is immaterial to the interim financial statements. Other recently issued accounting updates are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s Interim Financial Statements. COVID-19 Impact on Concentration of Risk In recent years, the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic has significantly impacted health and economic conditions throughout the United States and globally, as public concern about becoming ill with the virus has led to the issuance of recommendations and/or mandates from federal, state and local authorities to practice social distancing or self-quarantine. At the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in fiscal 2020, the Company was forced to temporarily close more than half of its retail store locations and was subsequently able to gradually reopen these stores. In the first quarter of fiscal 2021, the Company experienced a limited number of temporary store closures throughout the chain resulting from COVID-19 outbreaks. Store operating hours in the second quarter of fiscal 2022 were negatively impacted by a resurgence of COVID-related cases that led to quarantining of employees of certain stores throughout the chain, but there was less of an impact from such activity in the third quarter of fiscal 2022. As the pandemic continues to evolve, the Company may be further required to restrict the operations of its stores or distribution center if it is deemed necessary or if recommended or mandated by authorities. A substantial amount of the Company’s inventory is manufactured abroad. COVID-19 has also impacted the Company’s supply chain for products sold, particularly those products that are sourced from Asia. To the extent one or more vendors is negatively impacted by continued supply chain disruptions or by COVID-19, including due to interruptions at or closure of those vendors’ distribution centers or manufacturing facilities, or the Company or its vendors are unable to obtain the necessary shipping capacity to transport products to the Company’s distribution center, the Company may be unable to maintain delivery schedules or adequate inventory in its stores. During the second half of fiscal 2021 and continuing into the first nine months of fiscal 2022, the Company experienced significant shipping delays of products sourced from overseas vendors to be received at the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach, which reflected increased shipping volume and insufficient labor resources at the ports that have significantly increased cargo backlogs. Shipping capacity constraints and labor shortages at the ports contributed to higher freight costs and adversely impacted our ability to obtain sufficient quantities of certain products in our stores to meet customer demand, although to a lesser degree in the third quarter of fiscal 2022. While our ability to obtain product has begun to improve, these factors, in addition to workforce shortages in the trucking industry, have limited the Company’s ability to obtain desired quantities of inventory for various merchandise categories. While the Company has generally been able to sufficiently stock product in its stores to meet most consumer demand during the pandemic, future prolonged and sustained delays in product reaching the Company’s stores from overseas vendors, particularly during the holiday season, could result in the inability to obtain adequate levels of merchandise inventories to meet consumers’ needs, which could have an adverse impact on net sales and profitability. General Concentration of Risk The Company purchases merchandise from over 700 suppliers, and the Company’s 20 largest suppliers accounted for 36.8 % of total purchases in fiscal 2021. One vendor, Nike, represented greater than 5 % of total purchases, at 7.6 %, in fiscal 2021 and accounted for 8.7 % of the Company’s total sales in fiscal 2021. In early fiscal 2021, the Company was informed of an expansion of Nike’s direct-to-consumer initiatives that impacted certain multi-branded retailers, including the Company. This has led to a significant reduction in the Company’s supply chain relative to this vendor. Although the Company is no longer purchasing products directly from Nike, the Company continues to purchase certain Nike branded products from authorized licensees. The Company has been actively expanding its relationships with other new and existing vendors in an effort to replace the affected Nike product within its product mix, which has been hampered in some instances by vendor supply chain challenges. A substantial amount of the Company’s inventory is manufactured abroad, and shipping ports may experience capacity constraints (such as delays associated with COVID-19), labor strikes, work stoppages or other disruptions that may delay the delivery of imported products. A contract dispute may lead to protracted delays in the movement of the Company’s products, which could further delay the delivery of products to the Company’s stores and impact net sales and profitability. In addition, other conditions outside of the Company’s control, such as adverse weather conditions or acts of terrorism or war, such as the current conflict in Ukraine, could significantly disrupt operations at shipping ports or otherwise impact transportation of the imported merchandise we sell, either through supply chain disruptions, or rising freight and fuel costs. Use of Estimates Management makes a number of estimates and assumptions relating to the reporting of assets, liabilities and stockholders’ equity and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the Interim Financial Statements and reported amounts of revenue and expense during the reporting period to prepare these Interim Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP. Certain items subject to such estimates and assumptions include the carrying amount of merchandise inventories, property and equipment, lease assets and lease liabilities; valuation allowances for receivables, sales returns and deferred income tax assets; estimates related to stored-value cards and the valuation of share-based compensation awards; and obligations related to litigation, self-insurance liabilities and employee benefits. Due to the inherent uncertainty involved in making assumptions and estimates, events and changes in circumstances arising after October 2, 2022 , including those resulting from the impacts of future COVID-19 variant outbreaks, may result in actual outcomes that differ from those contemplated by management’s assumptions and estimates. Revenue Recognition The Company operates solely as a sporting goods retailer, which includes both retail stores and an e-commerce platform, that offers a broad range of products in the western United States and online. Generally, all revenue is recognized when control of the promised goods is transferred to customers, for an amount that reflects the consideration in exchange for those goods. Accordingly, the Company implicitly enters into a contract with customers to deliver merchandise inventory at the point of sale. Collectability is probable since the Company only extends immaterial credit purchases to certain municipalities and local school districts. In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers , the Company disaggregates net sales into the following major merchandise categories to depict the nature and amount of revenue and related cash flows:
13 Weeks Ended 39 Weeks Ended
October 2, October 3, October 2, October 3,
(In thousands)
Hardgoods $ 152,646 $ 164,921 $ 423,003 $ 502,549
Athletic and sport footwear 64,215 74,472 187,604 212,706
Athletic and sport apparel 43,411 48,726 143,095 169,398
Other sales 1,173 1,518 3,524 3,810
Net sales $ 261,445 $ 289,637 $ 757,226 $ 888,463 Substantially all of the Company’s revenue is for single performance obligations for the following distinct items: • Retail store sales • E-commerce sales • Stored-value cards For performance obligations related to retail store and e-commerce sales contracts, the Company typically transfers control, for retail stores, upon consummation of the sale when the product is paid for and taken by the customer and, for e-commerce sales, when the product is tendered for delivery to the common carrier. For performance obligations related to stored-value cards, the Company typically transfers control upon redemption of the stored-value card through consummation of a future sales transaction. The Company accounts for shipping and handling relative to e-commerce sales as fulfillment activities, and not a separate performance obligation. Accordingly, the Company recognizes revenue for only one performance obligation, the sale of the product, at shipping point (when the customer gains control). Revenue associated with e-commerce sales was not material for the 13 and 39 weeks ended October 2, 2022 and October 3, 2021. The Company recognized $ 1.3 million and $ 4.6 million in stored-value card redemption revenue for the 13 and 39 weeks ended October 2, 2022 , respectively, compared to $ 1.3 million and $ 4.5 million in stored-value card redemption revenue for the 13 and 39 weeks ended October 3, 2021, respectively. The Company also recognized $ 0.1 million and $ 0.2 million in stored-value card breakage revenue for the 13 and 39 weeks ended October 2, 2022 , respectively, compared to $ 0.1 million and $ 0.2 million in stored-value card breakage revenue for the 13 and 39 weeks ended October 3, 2021, respectively. The Company had outstanding stored-value card liabilities of $ 7.6 million and $ 8.3 million as of October 2, 2022 and January 2, 2022 , respectively, which are included in accrued expenses in the accompanying interim unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. Based upon historical experience, stored-value cards are predominantly redeemed in the first two years following their issuance date. In the accompanying interim unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets, the Company recorded, as prepaid expense, estimated right-of-return merchandise cost of $ 0.8 million and $ 1.2 million related to estimated sales returns as of October 2, 2022 and January 2, 2022, respectively, and recorded, in accrued expenses, an allowance for sales returns reserve of $ 1.5 million and $ 2.5 million as of October 2, 2022 and January 2, 2022 , respectively. Share-Based Compensation The Company accounts for its share-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation . The Company recognizes compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period using the fair-value method for share option awards, nonvested share awards and nonvested share unit awards granted with service-only conditions. See Note 10 to the Interim Financial Statements for a further discussion on share-based compensation. Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand and highly liquid investments of excess cash into U.S. Treasury bills, which generally have original maturities of three months or less. See Note 3 to the Interim Financial Statements for a further discussion on the fair value of U.S. Treasury bills. Book overdrafts are classified as current liabilities in the Company’s interim unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. Valuation of Merchandise Inventories, Net The Company’s merchandise inventories are made up of finished goods and are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value using the weighted-average cost method that approximates the first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) method. Average cost includes the direct purchase price of merchandise inventory, net of vendor allowances and cash discounts, in-bound freight-related expense and allocated overhead expense associated with the Company’s distribution center. Management regularly reviews inventories and records valuation reserves for damaged and defective merchandise, merchandise items with slow-moving or obsolescence exposure and merchandise that has a carrying value that exceeds net realizable value. Because of its merchandise mix, the Company has not historically experienced significant occurrences of obsolescence. Inventory shrinkage is accrued as a percentage of merchandise sales based on historical inventory shrinkage trends. The Company performs physical inventories of its stores at least once per year and cycle counts inventories at its distribution center throughout the year. The reserve for inventory shrinkage primarily represents an estimate for inventory shrinkage for each store since the last physical inventory date through the reporting date. These reserves are estimates, which could vary significantly, either favorably or unfavorably, from actual results if future economic conditions, consumer demand and competitive environments differ from expectations. Valuation of Long-Lived Assets In accordance with ASC 360, Property, Plant, and Equipment , the Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Long-lived assets are reviewed for recoverability at the lowest level in which there are identifiable cash flows (“asset group”), usually at the store level. The carrying amount of a store asset group includes stores’ property and equipment, primarily leasehold improvements, and operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets. The carrying amount of a store asset group is not considered recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the store asset group. Factors that could trigger an impairment review include a current-period operating or cash flow loss combined with a history of operating and cash flow losses, and a projection that demonstrates continuing losses or insufficient income over the remaining reasonably certain lease term associated with the use of a store asset group. Other factors may include an adverse change in the business climate or an adverse action or assessment by a regulator in the market of a store asset group. When stores are identified as having an indicator of impairment, the Company forecasts undiscounted cash flows over the store asset group’s remaining reasonably certain lease term and compares the undiscounted cash flows to the carrying amount of the store asset group. If the store asset group is determined not to be recoverable, then an impairment charge will be recognized in the amount by which the carrying amount of the store asset group exceeds its fair value, determined using discounted cash flow valuation techniques, as contemplated in ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements . The Company determines the cash flows expected to result from the store asset group by projecting future revenue, gross margin and operating expense for each store asset group under evaluation for impairment. The estimates of future cash flows involve management judgment and are based upon assumptions about expected future operating performance. Assumptions used in these forecasts are consistent with internal planning, and include assumptions about sales growth rates, gross margins and operating expense in relation to the current economic environment and the Company’s future expectations, competitive factors in its various markets, inflation, sales trends and other relevant environmental factors that may impact the store under evaluation. The actual cash flows could differ from management’s estimates due to changes in business conditions, operating performance and economic conditions. If economic conditions deteriorate in the markets in which the Company conducts business, or if other negative market conditions develop, the Company may experience additional impairment charges in the future for underperforming stores. The resulting impairment charge, if any, is allocated to the property and equipment, primarily leasehold improvements, and operating lease ROU assets on a pro rata basis using the relative carrying amounts of those assets. The allocated impairment charge to a long-lived asset is limited to the extent that the impairment charge does not reduce the carrying amount of the long-lived asset below its individual fair value. The estimation of the fair value of an ROU asset involves the evaluation of current market value rental amounts for leases associated with ROU assets. The estimates of current market value rental amounts are primarily based on recent observable market rental data of other comparable retail store locations. The fair value of an ROU asset is measured using a discounted cash flow valuation technique by discounting the estimated current and future market rental values using a property-specific discount rate. The Company did no t recognize any impairment charges in the first nine months of fiscal 2022 or 2021 . Leases In accordance with ASC 842, Leases , the Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. The Company has operating and finance leases for the Company’s retail store facilities, distribution center, corporate offices, information technology hardware, and distribution center delivery tractors and equipment. Operating leases are included in operating lease ROU assets and operating lease liabilities, current and noncurrent, on the interim unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. Finance leases are included in property and equipment and finance lease liabilities, current and noncurrent, on the interim unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. Lease liabilities are calculated using the effective interest method, regardless of classification, while the amortization of ROU assets varies depending upon classification. Finance lease classification results in a front-loaded expense recognition pattern over the lease term which amortizes the ROU asset by recognizing interest expense and amortization expense as separate components of lease expense and calculates the amortization expense component on a straight-line basis. Conversely, operating lease classification results in a straight-line expense recognition pattern over the lease term and recognizes lease expense as a single expense component, which results in amortization of the ROU asset that equals the difference between lease expense and interest expense. Lease expense for finance and operating leases are included in cost of sales or selling and administrative expense, based on the use of the leased asset, on the interim unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. Variable payments such as property taxes, insurance and common area maintenance related to triple net leases, as well as certain equipment sales taxes, licenses, fees and repairs, are expensed as incurred, and leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are excluded from minimum lease payments and are not recorded on the interim unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company recognizes variable lease expense for these short-term leases on a straight-line basis over the remaining lease term. ROU assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and operating lease liabilities represent the obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the reasonably certain lease term. As the Company’s leases generally do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses a collateralized incremental borrowing rate (“IBR”) to determine the present value of lease payments. The collateralized IBR is based on a synthetic credit rating that is externally prepared on an annual basis. This analysis considers qualitative and quantitative factors based on guidance provided by a rating agency for the consumer durables industry. The Company adjusts the selected IBR quarterly with a company-specific unsecured yield curve that approximates the Company’s market risk profile. The collateralized IBR is also based upon the estimated impact that the collateral has on the IBR. To account for the collateralized nature of the IBR, the Company utilized a notching method based on notching guidance provided by a rating agency whereby the Company’s base credit rating is notched upward as the yield curve on a secured loan is expected to be lower versus an unsecured loan. The operating lease ROU asset also includes any prepaid lease payments made and is reduced by lease incentives such as tenant improvement allowances. The operating lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. Operating lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Certain of the leases for the Company’s retail store facilities provide for payments based on future sales volumes at the leased location, which are not measurable at the inception of the lease. Under ASC 842, these contingent rents are expensed as they accrue. See Note 5 to the Interim Financial Statements for a further discussion on leases. |
