LOANS | 3. LOANS Major classifications of loans at the periods indicated were as follows: December 31, December 31, 2020 2019 (In thousands) Commercial real estate $ 833,949 $ 816,886 Residential real estate: Residential 1-4 family 604,719 597,727 Home equity 103,905 102,517 Commercial and industrial Paycheck protection program (“PPP”) loans 167,258 — Commercial and industrial 211,823 248,893 Consumer 5,192 5,747 Total gross loans 1,926,846 1,771,770 Unamortized PPP loan fees (3,050 ) — Unearned premiums and deferred loan fees and costs, net 3,587 4,264 Allowance for loan losses (21,157 ) (14,102 ) Net loans $ 1,906,226 $ 1,761,932 Loan Modifications/Troubled Debt Restructurings The banking regulatory agencies, through an Interagency Statement dated April 7, 2020, have encouraged financial institutions to work “prudently” with borrowers who request loan modifications or deferrals as a result of the economic impacts of COVID-19. Pursuant to Section 4013 of the CARES Act, loans less than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019 will be considered current for COVID-19 modifications. Financial institutions can then suspend the requirements under U.S. GAAP for loan modifications related to COVID-19 that would otherwise be categorized as a TDR, and suspend any determination of a loan modified as a result of COVID-19 as being a TDR, including the requirement to determine impairment for accounting under U.S. GAAP. The Company has adopted this policy election to address COVID-19 loan modification requests that have been received from the earlier of either January 1, 2022 or the 60 th As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company granted deferred loan payments for impacted commercial, residential and consumer customers who experienced financial hardship due to COVID-19. The loan payment deferrals can be up to 90 days, depending upon the financial needs of each customer. Further deferrals will be re-evaluated on a customer-by-customer basis upon the expiration of the existing deferral period. As of June 30, 2020, the deferred loan payment modifications totaled $ 261 525 15 76.9 47 4.4 The table below breaks out the remaining modifications granted under the CARES Act at December 31, 2020: December 31, 2020 CARES Act Modifications Loan Segment (1)(2) Total Loan % of Total Modification # of Loans % of Balance ($ in millions) Commercial real estate $ 833.9 47.4 % $ 64.0 19 7.7 % Commercial and industrial 211.9 12.0 % 9.3 10 4.4 % Residential real estate 708.6 40.3 % 3.6 16 0.5 % Consumer 5.2 0.3 % 0.0 2 0.7 % Total $ 1,759.6 100.0 % $ 76.9 47 4.4 % The table below breaks out the status of the remaining modifications granted under the CARES Act as of December 31, 2020: Loans Under 1 st Loans Granted Subsequent Modification Total Remaining CARES Act Modifications Loan Segment (1)(2) Modification Balance # of Loans % of Balance Modification # of Loans % of Modification # of Loans % of ($ in millions) Commercial real estate $ 6.2 2 0.7 % $ 57.8 17 6.9 % $ 64.0 19 7.7 % Commercial and industrial 1.1 4 0.5 % 8.2 6 3.9 % 9.3 10 4.4 % Residential real estate 1.2 8 0.2 % 2.4 8 0.3 % 3.6 16 0.5 % Consumer 0.0 1 0.0 % 0.0 1 0.0 % 0.0 2 0.7 % Total $ 8.5 15 0.5 % $ 68.4 32 3.9 % $ 76.9 47 4.4 % (1) Excludes PPP loans and deferred fees (2) Residential includes home equity loans and lines of credit The following table provides some insight into the composition of the Bank's loan portfolio and remaining loan modifications, excluding PPP loans, as of December 31, 2020: Commercial Real Estate % of Total % of % of Apartment 9.2 % 66.5 % — Office 8.4 % 60.3 % — Industrial 6.8 % 49.1 % 2.5 % Retail/Shopping 6.4 % 46.1 % — Hotel 3.2 % 23.0 % 90.5 % Residential non-owner 2.6 % 19.0 % — Auto sales 2.1 % 14.8 % — Mixed-use 2.1 % 15.1 % — Adult care/Assisted living 2.0 % 14.7 % 20.9 % College/school 1.6 % 11.3 % 0.5 % Other 1.2 % 8.3 % 7.6 % Auto service 0.6 % 4.1 % — Gas station/convenience store 0.6 % 4.5 % — Restaurant 0.6 % 4.1 % 7.9 % Total commercial real estate loans 47.4 % 7.7 % Commercial and Industrial Loans % of Total % of % of Manufacturing 2.9 % 20.6 % 0.3 % Wholesale trade 2.0 % 14.2 % — Specialty trade 0.6 % 4.5 % — Heavy and civil engineering construction 0.8 % 5.5 % 2.4 % Educational services 0.6 % 4.4 % 0.5 % Transportation and warehouse 0.7 % 5.0 % 55.3 % Healthcare and social assistance 0.4 % 3.0 % 15.4 % Auto sales 0.4 % 3.0 % — All other C&I (3) 3.6 % 25.5 % 1.3 % Total commercial and industrial loans 12.0 % 4.4 % Residential and Consumer Loans % of Total % of % of Residential real estate 40.3 % 289.8 % 0.5 % Consumer 0.3 % 2.1 % — Total residential and consumer loans 40.6 % 0.5 % Total Portfolio % of Total % of % of Commercial real estate 47.4 % 341.0 % 7.7 % Commercial and industrial 12.0 % 86.7 % 4.4 % Residential real estate 40.3 % 289.8 % 0.5 % Consumer 0.3 % 2.1 % 0.7 % Total 4.4 % (1) Excludes PPP loans of $ 167.3 (2) Modified balances as of December 31, 2020 (Commercial real estate loans $ 64.0 9.3 3.6 (3) Other consists of multiple industries. Although the Bank's loan portfolio contains impacted sectors and the commercial real estate and residential real estate sectors represent more than 100% of the Bank's total risk-based capital, the concentration limits remain acceptable. The Company monitors lending exposure by industry classification to determine potential risk associated with industry concentrations, if any, that could lead to additional credit loss exposure. As stated above, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company identified sectors that have been materially impacted including, but not limited to: hospitality, transportation, retail, and restaurants and food service. These sectors potentially carry a higher level of credit risk, as many of these borrowers have incurred a significant negative impact to their businesses resulting from the governmental stay-at-home orders as well as travel limitations. Loans Serviced for Others. The Company has transferred a portion of its originated commercial loans to participating lenders. The amounts transferred have been accounted for as sales and are therefore not included in our accompanying consolidated balance sheets. We continue to service the loans on behalf of the participating lenders. We share, on a pro-rated basis, with participating lenders any gains or losses that may result from a borrower’s lack of compliance with contractual terms of the loan. At December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company was servicing commercial loans participated out to various other institutions totaling $ 52.9 24.2 Residential real estate mortgages are originated by the Bank both for its portfolio and for sale into the secondary market. The Bank may sell its loans to institutional investors such as the FHLMC. Under loan sale and servicing agreements with the investor, the Bank generally continues to service the residential real estate mortgages. The Bank pays the investor an agreed upon rate on the loan, which is less than the interest rate received from the borrower. The Bank retains the difference as a fee for servicing the residential real estate mortgages. The Bank capitalizes mortgage servicing rights at their fair value upon sale of the related loans, amortizes the asset over the estimated life of the serviced loan, and periodically assesses the asset for impairment. The significant assumptions used by a third party to estimate the fair value of capitalized servicing rights at December 31, 2020, include weighted average prepayment speed for the portfolio using the Public Securities Association Standard Prepayment Model ( 307 12.05 0.25 83.99 At December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company was servicing residential mortgage loans owned by investors totaling $ 38.1 48.2 44,000 67,000 89,000 A summary of the activity in the balances of mortgage servicing rights follows: Years Ended December 31, 2020 2019 (In thousands) Balance at the beginning of year: $ 219 $ 286 Amortization (64 ) (67 ) Write-down of mortgage servicing asset to fair value (2 ) — Balance at the end of year $ 153 $ 219 Fair value at the end of year $ 157 $ 345 Allowance for Loan Losses. An analysis of changes in the allowance for loan losses by segment for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 is as follows: Commercial Residential Commercial Consumer Unallocated Total (In thousands) Balance at December 31, 2017 $ 4,712 $ 3,311 $ 2,733 $ 71 $ 4 $ 10,831 Provision (credit) 214 863 660 179 (16 ) 1,900 Charge-offs (35 ) (645 ) (299 ) (171 ) — (1,150 ) Recoveries 369 27 20 56 — 472 Balance at December 31, 2018 $ 5,260 $ 3,556 $ 3,114 $ 135 $ (12 ) $ 12,053 Provision 1,343 618 509 204 1 2,675 Charge-offs (669 ) (320 ) (514 ) (197 ) — (1,700 ) Recoveries 873 66 74 61 — 1,074 Balance at December 31, 2019 $ 6,807 $ 3,920 $ 3,183 $ 203 $ (11 ) $ 14,102 Provision 6,262 408 939 129 37 7,775 Charge-offs (107 ) (177 ) (543 ) (136 ) — (963 ) Recoveries 58 89 51 45 — 243 Balance at December 31, 2020 $ 13,020 $ 4,240 $ 3,630 $ 241 $ 26 $ 21,157 The following table presents information pertaining to the allowance for loan losses by segment, excluding PPP loans, for the dates indicated: Commercial Residential Commercial Consumer Unallocated Total (In thousands) December 31, 2020 Amount of allowance for impaired loans $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Amount of allowance for non-impaired loans 13,020 4,240 3,630 241 26 21,157 Total allowance for loan losses $ 13,020 $ 4,240 $ 3,630 $ 241 $ 26 $ 21,157 Impaired loans $ 11,803 $ 4,363 $ 4,439 $ 27 $ — $ 20,632 Non-impaired loans 816,406 701,915 207,002 5,165 — 1,730,488 Impaired loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality 5,740 2,346 382 — — 8,468 Total loans $ 833,949 $ 708,624 $ 211,823 $ 5,192 $ — $ 1,759,588 Commercial Residential Commercial Consumer Unallocated Total (In thousands) December 31, 2019 Amount of allowance for impaired loans $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Amount of allowance for non-impaired loans 6,807 3,920 3,183 203 (11 ) 14,102 Total allowance for loan losses $ 6,807 $ 3,920 $ 3,183 $ 203 $ (11 ) $ 14,102 Impaired loans $ 3,457 $ 3,575 $ 588 $ 42 $ — $ 7,662 Non-impaired loans 805,007 694,080 247,499 5,705 — 1,752,291 Impaired loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality 8,422 2,589 806 — — 11,817 Total loans $ 816,886 $ 700,244 $ 248,893 $ 5,747 $ — $ 1,771,770 Past Due and Non-accrual loans. The following tables present an age analysis of past due loans, excluding PPP loans, as of the dates indicated: Balance at December 31, 2020 30 – 59 Days Past Due 60 – 89 Days Past Due 90 Days or More Past Due Total Past Due Loans Total Current Loans Total Loans Non-Accrual Loans (In thousands) Commercial real estate $ 5,844 $ 3,144 $ 1,256 $ 10,244 $ 823,705 $ 833,949 $ 1,632 Residential real estate: Residential 1,684 360 707 2,751 601,968 604,719 5,353 Home equity 25 — — 25 103,880 103,905 124 Commercial and industrial 166 158 156 480 211,343 211,823 705 Consumer 22 — — 22 5,170 5,192 27 Total loans $ 7,741 $ 3,662 $ 2,119 $ 13,522 $ 1,746,066 $ 1,759,588 $ 7,841 Balance at December 31, 2019 30 – 59 Days Past Due 60 – 89 Days Past Due 90 Days or More Past Due Total Past Due Loans Total Current Loans Total Loans Non-Accrual Loans (In thousands) Commercial real estate $ 2,784 $ 1,234 $ 2,637 $ 6,655 $ 810,231 $ 816,886 $ 3,843 Residential real estate: Residential 2,574 683 1,433 4,690 593,037 597,727 4,548 Home equity 80 38 149 267 102,250 102,517 445 Commercial and industrial 1,356 645 148 2,149 246,744 248,893 1,003 Consumer 24 — 17 41 5,706 5,747 42 Total loans $ 6,818 $ 2,600 $ 4,384 $ 13,802 $ 1,757,968 $ 1,771,770 $ 9,881 At December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, all loans past due 90 days or more were carried as non-accrual. The ratio of non-accrual loans to total loans, excluding PPP loans, was 0.45 0.56 Impaired Loans. The following is a summary of impaired loans by class: Year Ended At December 31, 2020 December 31, 2020 Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Impaired Loans (1) (In thousands) Commercial real estate $ 17,543 $ 18,590 $ — $ 18,284 $ 516 Residential real estate 6,544 7,647 — 5,815 66 Home equity 165 207 — 371 5 Commercial and industrial 4,821 7,038 — 4,186 217 Consumer 27 39 — 35 — Total impaired loans $ 29,100 $ 33,521 $ — $ 28,691 $ 804 Year Ended At December 31, 2019 December 31, 2019 Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Impaired Loans: (1) (In thousands) Commercial real estate $ 11,879 $ 13,914 $ — $ 15,678 $ 595 Residential real estate 5,695 6,383 — 6,550 104 Home equity 469 539 — 415 — Commercial and industrial 1,394 4,192 — 3,359 131 Consumer 42 56 — 48 — Total impaired loans $ 19,479 $ 25,084 $ — $ 26,050 $ 830 (1) Includes loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality and performing troubled debt restructurings. The majority of impaired loans are included within the non-accrual balances; however, not every loan on non-accrual status has been designated as impaired. Impaired loans include loans that have been modified in a TDR. Impaired loans are individually evaluated and exclude large groups of smaller-balance homogeneous loans, such as residential mortgage loans and consumer loans, which are collectively evaluated for impairment, and loans that are measured at fair value, unless the loan is amended in a TDR. All payments received on impaired loans in non-accrual status are applied to principal. There was no interest income recognized on non-accrual impaired loans during the years ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. The Company's obligation to fulfill the additional funding commitments on impaired loans is generally contingent on the borrower's compliance with the terms of the credit agreement. If the borrower is not in compliance, additional funding commitments may or may not be made at the Company's discretion. As of December 31, 2020, we have not committed to lend any additional funds for loans that are classified as impaired. Payments received on impaired loans in accrual status are recorded in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan. Troubled Debt Restructurings. Loans are designated as a TDR when, as part of an agreement to modify the original contractual terms of the loan as a result of financial difficulties of the borrower, the Bank grants the borrower a concession on the terms, that would not otherwise be considered. Typically, such concessions may consist of a reduction in interest rate to a below market rate, taking into account the credit quality of the note, extension of additional credit based on receipt of adequate collateral, or a deferment or reduction of payments (principal or interest) which materially alters the Bank's position or significantly extends the note's maturity date, such that the present value of cash flows to be received is materially less than those contractually established at the loan's origination. All loans that are modified are reviewed by the Company to identify if a TDR has occurred. All TDR loans are classified as impaired. When we modify loans in a TDR, we measure impairment similar to other impaired loans based on the present value of expected future cash flows, discounted at the contractual interest rate of the original loan agreement, or use the current fair value of the collateral, less selling costs for collateral dependent loans. If we determine that the value of the modified loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan (net of previous charge-offs, deferred loan fees or costs and unamortized premium or discount), impairment is recognized through a specific allowance or a charge-off to the allowance. Non-performing TDRs are included in non-performing loans. Loans modifications classified as TDRs during the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 are included in the table below. Twelve Months Ended Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Number of Contracts Pre-Modification Post-Modification Number of Contracts Pre-Modification Post-Modification Troubled Debt Restructurings Commercial Real Estate 5 $ 4,576 $ 4,576 2 $ 2,032 $ 2,032 Commercial and Industrial 9 3,806 3,806 2 383 383 Total 14 $ 8,382 $ 8,382 4 $ 2,415 $ 2,415 During the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, no no 715,000 Loans Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality. The following is a summary of loans acquired with evidence of credit deterioration from Chicopee Savings Bank (“Chicopee”) as of December 31, 2020. Contractual Cash Expected Non- Accretable Accretable Yield Loans Receivable (In thousands) Balance at December 31, 2019 $ 20,689 $ 15,909 $ 4,780 $ 4,092 $ 11,817 Collections (5,339 ) (3,762 ) (1,577 ) (446 ) (3,316 ) Dispositions (1,053 ) (662 ) (391 ) (629 ) (33 ) Balance at December 31, 2020 $ 14,297 $ 11,485 $ 2,812 $ 3,017 $ 8,468 Credit Quality Information. The Company utilizes an eight-grade internal loan rating system for commercial real estate and commercial and industrial loans. Performing residential real estate, home equity and consumer loans are grouped with “Pass” rated loans. Non-performing residential real estate, home equity and consumer loans are monitored individually for impairment and risk rated as “Substandard.” Loans rated 1 – 4 Loans rated 5 Loans rated 6 Loans rated 7 Loans rated 8 On an annual basis, or more often if needed, we formally review the ratings on all commercial real estate and commercial and industrial loans. In addition, management utilizes delinquency reports, the criticized report and other loan reports to monitor credit quality. In addition, at least on an annual basis, the Company contracts with an external loan review company to review the internal credit ratings assigned to loans in the commercial loan portfolio on a pre-determined schedule, based on the type, size, rating, and overall risk of the loan. During the course of their review, the third party examines a sample of loans, including new loans, existing relationships over certain dollar amounts and classified assets. The following table presents our loans by risk rating for the periods indicated: Commercial Real Estate Residential 1-4 family Home Equity Commercial and Industrial Consumer Total (In thousands) December 31, 2020 Pass (Rated 1 – 4) $ 726,751 $ 598,250 $ 103,619 $ 345,967 $ 5,165 $ 1,779,752 Special Mention (Rated 5) 78,207 — — 13,871 — 92,078 Substandard (Rated 6) 28,991 6,469 286 19,243 27 55,016 Total $ 833,949 $ 604,719 $ 103,905 $ 379,081 $ 5,192 $ 1,926,846 Commercial Real Estate Residential 1-4 family Home Equity Commercial and Industrial Consumer Total December 31, 2019 (In thousands) Pass (Rated 1 – 4) $ 766,124 $ 591,911 $ 101,908 $ 222,847 $ 5,705 $ 1,688,495 Special Mention (Rated 5) 23,138 — — 2,796 — 25,934 Substandard (Rated 6) 27,624 5,816 609 23,250 42 57,341 Total $ 816,886 $ 597,727 $ 102,517 $ 248,893 $ 5,747 $ 1,771,770 |