Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Principles of Consolidation The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of SITO Mobile, Ltd. and its wholly owned subsidiaries, SITO Mobile Solutions Inc., SITO Mobile R&D IP, LLC, SITO Mobile Media Inc. and DoubleVision Networks Inc. ("DoubleVision"). All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States of America ("US GAAP") requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results may differ from those estimates. Basis of Presentation The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with US GAAP and applicable rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") regarding interim financial reporting. Certain information and disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with US GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. As such, the unaudited consolidated financial information included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year-ended December 31, 2018 filed on April 1, 2019. The consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2018 included herein was derived from the audited financial statements as of that date, but does not include all disclosures, including notes, required by GAAP. Going Concern The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. The Company has sustained net losses since inception and has experienced negative cash flows from operations. As of March 31, 2019, the Company has an accumulated deficit of approximately $178 million. As shown in the unaudited consolidated statement of operations, the Company incurred an approximate net loss of $5.0 million for the three-months ended March 31, 2019. These factors, among others, raise substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern for the next twelve months from the issuance of these unaudited consolidated financial statements. Management's plans, as they relate to these conditions, include monitoring and/or reducing expenditures in non-critical areas, continuing to execute the Company's plan to seek longer and more profitable customer agreements and seeking additional capital, as needed. The Company's existence is dependent upon management's ability to identify additional sources from which to obtain funding and/or to enter into significant (e.g., large-scale, multi-year), contracts. There can be no assurance that the Company's efforts will result in the resolution of the Company's liquidity needs. These unaudited consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern. Revenue Recognition and Deferred Revenue Adoption of Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") - Topic 606 ("Topic 606"), "Revenue from Contracts with Customers" On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted Topic 606 using the modified retrospective transition method applied to those contracts which were not completed as of January 1, 2018. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2018 are presented under Topic 606, while prior period amounts have not been adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with US GAAP preceding Topic 606 and the methodologies adopted by the Company thereunder. There was no adjustment to accumulated deficit at January 1, 2018 attributable to the impact of adopting Topic 606. Topic 606 requires that revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised services in an amount that reflects the consideration that an entity expects to receive in exchange for those services. To achieve this core principal, Topic 606 follows a five-step approach: 1) Identify the contract, or contracts, with a customer A contract with a customer exists when (i) the Company enters into an enforceable contract with a customer that defines each party's rights regarding the services to be transferred and identifies the payment terms related to these services, (ii) the contract has commercial substance and (iii) the Company determines that collection of substantially all consideration for services that are transferred is probable based on the customer's intent and ability to pay the promised consideration. 2) Identify of the performance obligations in the contract At contract inception, an entity shall assess the goods or services promised in a contract with a customer and shall identify as a performance obligation each promise to transfer such goods or deliver such services to the customer. To be separately recognized, performance obligations must be distinct. For a performance obligation to be distinct, both the following criteria must exist: (i) the customer can benefit from the service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available from the Company or third parties and (ii) the goods or services are separately identifiable from other promises in the contract. If these criteria are not met, the promised services are accounted for as a combined performance obligation. 3) Determine the transaction price The transaction price is the amount of total contract consideration the Company expects to receive for carrying out its contractual obligations. 4) Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract Once a contract and associated performance obligations have been identified and the transaction price has been determined, Topic 606 requires an entity to allocate the transaction price to each performance obligation. To allocate the transaction price to each identified performance obligation, the Company must accurately estimate the stand-alone selling price of each performance obligation. As a practical expedient, Topic 606 allows the Company to recognize revenue when it invoices a customer, if the right to payment from such customer corresponds directly with the value of the Company's performance completed to date. 5) Recognize revenue when, or as, performance obligations are satisfied Revenue is recognized when or as performance obligations are satisfied by transferring control of a promised good or service to a customer. Control transfers either over time or at a point in time. Media placement services constitute our core business from which we derive substantially all our revenue from contracts with customers. Our media placement contracts with customers predominantly contain a single performance obligation for which the related revenues are recognized over time, using an output measure to reflect progress. The Company invoices its customers as it performs its contractual obligations and therefore has adopted the aforementioned Topic 606 revenue recognition "right to invoice" practical expedient. Media Placement The Company's media placement contracts with customers generally provide for the measurement of services based on the activity of mobile users viewing ads through developer applications and mobile websites. Mobile user activity consists of views, clicks, or actions on mobile advertisements placed by the Company. Based on the specific terms of the media placement contracts with customers, revenues are recognized as the Company's advertising services are delivered, that is, when the Company has a right to invoice for its services. Most of the Company's media placement services contracts have a performance term of less than twelve months and, generally, customer payments are received in a timely manner from the invoice date. Revenue defined as media placement for the three-months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 was $8,430,376 and $11,144,652, respectively. Deferred Revenue In certain situations, the Company will receive advances of its media placement services, which advances are recognized as deferred revenue in the unaudited consolidated balance sheets. As the Company delivers the contracted media placement services, deferred revenues are recognized in the unaudited consolidated statement of operations. Sales commissions are generally expensed as incurred because the amortization period would be one year or less and the Company's revenues are not given to significant cyclical fluctuation. Sales commissions are recognized in sales and marketing expenses in the accompanying unaudited consolidated statement of operations. Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers all liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company does not have any cash equivalents. Accounts Receivable, net Accounts receivable are reported at the customers' outstanding balances, less any allowance for doubtful accounts. Interest is not accrued on overdue accounts receivable. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts An allowance for doubtful accounts receivable is charged to operations in amounts sufficient to maintain the allowance for uncollectible accounts at a level management believes is adequate to cover any probable losses. Management determines the adequacy of the allowance based on the historical write-off of receivables as a percentage of accounts receivable, as well as revenue and information collected from individual customers. Accounts receivable are charged off against the allowance when such amounts are not deemed collectable. Property and Equipment, net Property and equipment are stated at cost. Major renewals and improvements are capitalized while replacements, maintenance and repairs that do not improve or extend the lives of the respective assets are expensed. At the time property and equipment are sold or disposed of, the asset and related accumulated depreciation accounts are relieved of the applicable amounts. Gains or losses on sales or disposals of property and equipment are recognized in earnings. Depreciation is computed on the straight-line and accelerated methods for both financial reporting and income tax reporting purposes based upon the following estimated useful lives: Asset Class Useful Lives Software development 3 years Equipment and computer hardware 5 years Office furniture 5 years Leasehold improvements 5 years, or lease expiration if sooner Long-Lived Assets The Company accounts for long-lived assets in accordance with ASC 360-10, "Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets." ASC 360-10 requires that long-lived assets be reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable or exceeds its fair value. We assess recoverability of the carrying value of an asset by estimating the future undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset. If the future undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying value of the asset, an impairment loss is recognized equal to the amount by which the asset's carrying value exceeds its fair value. Goodwill Goodwill represents the future economic benefits to be derived from non-individually identified or separately recognized assets acquired in a business combination. Goodwill generally may be computationally defined as the excess of the fair value of the consideration transferred over the acquisition-date fair values of the identifiable assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquired assets. ASC 350-20 requires that goodwill be tested at least annually for impairment. Application of the goodwill impairment test requires judgment, including determining the fair value. Significant judgments are required to estimate the fair value, including estimating future cash flows, determining appropriate discount rates and other assumptions. Changes in these estimates and assumptions could materially affect the determination of fair value and/or goodwill impairment. The Company has evaluated qualitative and quantitative factors (e.g., events, conditions) as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 and determined that there has been no impairment. Capitalized Software Development Costs The Company accounts for costs incurred to develop or purchase computer software for internal use in accordance with ASC Topic 350-40 "Internal-Use Software." As required by ASC 350-40, the Company capitalizes the costs incurred during the application development stage, which include direct costs, including payroll and related payroll taxes and benefits. Costs incurred during the preliminary project stage along with post-implementation stages of internal use computer software are expensed as incurred. Capitalized development costs are amortized over a period of three years. Costs incurred to maintain existing product offerings are expensed as incurred. The capitalization and ongoing assessment of recoverability of development costs requires considerable judgment with respect to certain external factors, including, but not limited to, estimated economic life of three years. Amortization expense associated with capitalized software is recorded with cost of revenue. Patent and Patent Application Costs Intangible assets are recorded at cost and include patents developed and purchased. The cost of patents is amortized over their useful lives. Leases The Company reviews and evaluates its contracts to determine if any contain leases. As of March 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018, the Company has agreements with two providers that have been determined to contain leases. One of the agreements is for the Company's primary office space and the other is for office equipment. In accordance with ASC Topic 842, which the Company adopted as of January 1, 2018, a contract contains a lease if it conveys a right to direct the use of an identified asset and derive substantially all the economic benefits from the use thereof. If a contract is determined to contain a lease, it is further evaluated for purposes of classifying arrangement as a finance lease. Any arrangement that does not meet the criteria to be accounted for as a finance lease is an operating lease Income Taxes The Company accounts for its income taxes under the provisions of ASC Topic 740, "Income Taxes." The accounting for income taxes under ASC Topic 740 is an asset and liability method. The asset and liability method requires the recognition of deferred tax liabilities and assets for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between tax bases and financial reporting bases of other assets and liabilities. The Company had no material unrecognized income tax assets or liabilities for the three-months ended March 31, 2019, and year-ended December 31, 2018, respectively. When incurred the Company recognizes income tax interest and penalties as a separately identified component of general and administrative expense. Stock-Based Compensation Stock-based compensation is accounted for based on the requirements of the Share-Based Payment topic of ASC Topic 718 which requires recognition in the financial statements of the cost of employee and director services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments over the period the employee or director is required to perform the services in exchange for the award (presumptively, the vesting period). The Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") also requires measurement of the cost of employee and director services received in exchange for an award based on the grant-date fair value of the award. Pursuant to ASC 505-50, for share-based payments to consultants and other third parties, compensation expense is determined at the measurement date. The expense is recognized over the vesting period of the award. The Company records compensation expense based on the fair value of the award at the reporting date. The value of the stock-based award is determined using the Binomial option-pricing model. The Binomial option-pricing model determines compensation cost as the excess of the fair value of the award at the grant date or other measurement date over the amount that must be paid to acquire the stock. The resulting amount is charged to expense on a straight-line basis over the period in which the Company expects to receive the benefit, which is generally the vesting period. Earnings (Loss) per Share The Company reports earnings (loss) per share in accordance with ASC 260-10, "Earnings per Share." Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing income (loss) available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share is computed similar to basic earnings (loss) per share except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if the potential common shares had been issued and if the additional common shares were dilutive. Since the effect of the assumed conversion of warrants to common shares would have an anti-dilutive effect, diluted earnings (loss) per share is the same as basic earnings (loss) per share for the three-months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018. Concentrations of Credit Risk The Company's primary banking relationship is with Wells Fargo Bank. The amount on deposit with Wells Fargo Bank may from time to time exceed federally insured limits. The Company also has a factoring arrangement, secured by its accounts receivable, with Fast Pay Partners, LLC. For the three-months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company derived approximately 51.4% and 13% of total revenue from three customers and one customer, respectively. The Company's accounts receivable is typically unsecured and derived from U.S. customers in different industries. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and maintains allowances for potential credit losses. Historically, such losses have been within management's expectations of 3% of accounts receivable and 1% of revenue. Business Combinations The Company accounts for all business combinations using the acquisition method of accounting. Under this method, assets and liabilities are recognized at fair value at the date of acquisition. The excess of consideration transferred to acquire a business over the fair value of assets acquired, net of liabilities assumed is recognized as goodwill. Certain adjustments to the assessed fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed are made subsequent to the acquisition date, but within the measurement period, which is up to one year, are recorded as adjustments to goodwill. Any adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed subsequent to the measurement period are recorded in income. Results of operations of acquired entities are included in the Company's results from operations as of the date of acquisition. The Company expenses all acquisition related costs as incurred, which costs are classified as general and administrative expenses in the unaudited consolidated statements of operations. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements We have no off-balance sheet arrangements or financing activities with special purpose entities. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Recently Adopted Pronouncements Revenue Recognition In May 2014, the FASB released " ASC 606 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers" Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date In April 2016, the FASB issued "ASU 2016–10- Revenue from Contract with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing", "ASU 2014-09- Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) The Company adopted ASC Topic 606 using the modified retrospective approach. There were no material changes to the Company's unaudited consolidated financial statements resulting from adoption of this standard. Leases In February 2016, the FASB issued "ASU 2016-02 Leases ASU 2018-11 Leases: Targeted Improvements Adoption of ASC Topic 842 resulted in the Company recognizing a $311,717 operating lease Right-of-Use ("ROU") asset and current and non-current operating lease liabilities of $334,598 on the consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2018, which resulted in a $22,881 increase to the accumulated deficit as of that date. Other than first-time recognition of operating leases on its consolidated balance sheet, the implementation of ASC Topic 842 did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements. See Note 8 for additional disclosures. Comprehensive Income In February 2018, the FASB issued " ASU 2018-02 - Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income," Stock Compensation In June 2018, the FASB issued "ASU 2018-07 - Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting". ASU 2018-07 specifies that Topic 718 applies to all share-based payment transactions in which a grantor acquires goods or services to be used or consumed in a grantor's own operations by issuing share-based payment awards. ASU 2018-07 also clarifies that Topic 718 does not apply to share-based payments used to provide (1) financing to the issuer or (2) awards granted in conjunction with selling goods or services to customers as part of a contract accounted for under ASC Topic 606, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers". The Company adopted ASU 2018-07 effective January 1, 2019 and notes that the standard did not have a material effect on its unaudited consolidated financial statements. Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted Intangibles In January 2017, the FASB issued " ASU 2017-04 - Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350) Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment" In August of 2018, the FASB issued " ASU 2018-15 Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract |