Applied Optoelectronics (AAOI) 10-K 23 Feb 24 2023 FY Annual report Financial data

Document And Entity Information

Document And Entity Information - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Feb. 20, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Document Information [Line Items]
Entity Central Index Key	0001158114
Entity Registrant Name	APPLIED OPTOELECTRONICS, INC.
Amendment Flag	false
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2023
Document Type	10-K
Document Annual Report	true
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2023
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-36083
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	76-0533927
Entity Address, Address Line One	13139 Jess Pirtle Blvd.
Entity Address, City or Town	Sugar Land
Entity Address, State or Province	TX
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	77478
City Area Code	281
Local Phone Number	295-1800
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, Par value $0.001
Trading Symbol	AAOI
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	No
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag	true
Document Financial Statement Error Correction [Flag]	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Public Float			$ 169,814,245
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		38,398,085
Auditor Firm ID	248
Auditor Name	GRANT THORNTON LLP
Auditor Location	Houston, Texas

Consolidated Balance Sheets

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 45,366	$ 24,685
Restricted cash	9,731	10,902
Accounts receivable - trade, net of allowance of $3 and $28, respectively	48,071	61,175
Notes receivable	219	339
Inventories	63,866	79,679
Prepaid income tax	3	0
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	5,349	6,384
Total current assets	172,605	183,164
Property, plant and equipment, net	200,317	210,184
Land use rights, net	5,030	5,238
Operating right of use asset	5,026	5,566
Financing right of use asset	0	26
Intangible assets, net	3,628	3,699
Other assets, net	2,580	386
TOTAL ASSETS	389,186	408,263
Current liabilities
Accounts payable	32,892	47,845
Bank acceptance payable	15,482	12,337
Accrued liabilities	18,549	17,222
Unearned revenue	1,803	3,000
Current lease liability - operating	1,149	1,041
Current lease liability - financing	0	63
Current portion of notes payable and long-term debt	23,197	57,074
Current portion of convertible notes	286	0
Total current liabilities	93,358	138,582
Convertible senior notes	76,233	79,506
Non-current lease liability - operating	4,726	5,505
TOTAL LIABILITIES	174,317	223,593
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred Stock; 5,000 shares authorized at $0.001 par value; no shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively	0	0
Common Stock; 80,000 shares authorized at $0.001 par value; 38,148 and 28,622 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively	38	29
Additional paid-in capital	478,972	391,526
Accumulated other comprehensive income	975	2,183
Accumulated deficit	(265,116)	(209,068)
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY	214,869	184,670
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY	$ 389,186	$ 408,263

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Pa

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parentheticals) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Accounts receivable, allowance	$ 3	$ 28
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	5,000,000	5,000,000
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0	0
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	80,000,000	80,000,000
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	38,148,000	28,622,000
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	38,148,000	28,622,000

Consolidated Statements of Oper

Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Revenue, net	$ 217,646	$ 222,818	$ 211,565
Cost of goods sold	158,725	189,191	173,850
Gross profit	58,921	33,627	37,715
Operating expenses
Research and development	35,975	36,244	41,220
Sales and marketing	11,069	9,723	10,899
General and administrative	53,226	46,658	42,362
Total operating expenses	100,270	92,625	94,481
Loss from operations	(41,349)	(58,998)	(56,766)
Other income (expense)
Interest income	609	126	70
Interest expense	(9,428)	(6,319)	(5,620)
Other income (expense), net	(5,871)	(1,205)	8,156
Total other income (expense), net	(14,690)	(7,398)	2,606
Loss before income taxes	(56,039)	(66,396)	(54,160)
Income tax expense	(9)	(1)	(2)
Net loss	$ (56,048)	$ (66,397)	$ (54,162)
Net loss per share
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ (1.75)	$ (2.38)	$ (2.01)
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (1.75)	$ (2.38)	$ (2.01)
Weighted average shares used to compute net loss per share:
Basic (in shares)	31,944,259	27,846,387	26,912,141
Diluted (in shares)	31,944,259	27,846,387	26,912,141

Consolidated Statements of Comp

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Net loss	$ (56,048)	$ (66,397)	$ (54,162)
Gain/(Loss) on foreign currency translation adjustment	(1,208)	(13,888)	4,381
Comprehensive loss	$ (57,256)	$ (80,285)	$ (49,781)

Consolidated Statements of Stoc

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Preferred Stock [Member]	Common Stock [Member]	Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]	AOCI Attributable to Parent [Member]	Retained Earnings [Member]	Total
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2020	0	25,110
Balance at Dec. 31, 2020	$ 0	$ 25	$ 354,685	$ 11,690	$ (88,509)	$ 277,891
Public offering of common stock, net (in shares)	0	1,552
Public offering of common stock, net	$ 0	$ 1	15,288	0	0	15,289
Stock options exercised, net of shares withheld for employee tax (in shares)	0	2
Stock options exercised, net of shares withheld for employee tax	$ 0	$ 0	8	0	0	8
Issuance of restricted stock, net of shares withheld for employee tax (in shares)	0	659
Issuance of restricted stock, net of shares withheld for employee tax	$ 0	$ 1	(959)	0	0	(958)
Share-based compensation	0	0	12,121	0	0	12,121
Foreign currency translation adjustment	0	0	0	4,381	0	4,381
Net loss	$ 0	$ 0	0	0	(54,162)	(54,162)
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021	0	27,323
Balance at Dec. 31, 2021	$ 0	$ 27	381,143	16,071	(142,671)	254,570
Public offering of common stock, net (in shares)	0	437
Public offering of common stock, net	$ 0	$ 1	1,237	0	0	1,238
Stock options exercised, net of shares withheld for employee tax	$ 0	$ 0	0	0	0	0
Issuance of restricted stock, net of shares withheld for employee tax (in shares)	0	862
Issuance of restricted stock, net of shares withheld for employee tax	$ 0	$ 1	(454)	0	0	(453)
Share-based compensation	0	0	9,600	0	0	9,600
Foreign currency translation adjustment	0	0	0	(13,888)	0	(13,888)
Net loss	$ 0	$ 0	0	0	(66,397)	(66,397)
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022	0	28,622
Balance at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 0	$ 29	391,526	2,183	(209,068)	184,670
Public offering of common stock, net (in shares)	0	8,275
Public offering of common stock, net	$ 0	$ 8	76,498	0	0	$ 76,506
Stock options exercised, net of shares withheld for employee tax (in shares)	0	48				48
Stock options exercised, net of shares withheld for employee tax	$ 0	$ 0	21	0	0	$ 21
Issuance of restricted stock, net of shares withheld for employee tax (in shares)	0	1,203
Issuance of restricted stock, net of shares withheld for employee tax	$ 0	$ 1	(957)	0	0	(956)
Share-based compensation	0	0	11,884	0	0	11,884
Foreign currency translation adjustment	0	0	0	(1,208)	0	(1,208)
Net loss	$ 0	$ 0	0	0	(56,048)	(56,048)
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023	0	38,148
Balance at Dec. 31, 2023	$ 0	$ 38	$ 478,972	$ 975	$ (265,116)	$ 214,869

Consolidated Statements of Cash

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Operating activities:
Net loss	$ (56,048)	$ (66,397)	$ (54,162)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Allowance of bad debt	(24)	(3)	(32)
Lower of cost or net realizable value reserve adjustment to inventory	8,728	4,900	3,889
Depreciation and amortization	20,427	23,202	25,371
Amortization of debt issuance costs	2,308	902	865
Loss (gain) on disposal of assets	51	(47)	1
Share-based compensation	11,884	9,600	12,121
Interest for extinguishment of debt	0	0	(70)
Extinguishment of debt	0	0	(6,229)
Unrealized foreign exchange (gain) loss	(1,313)	1,916	645
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable, trade	13,128	(12,749)	(7,020)
Notes receivable	83	7,764	(7,585)
Prepaid income tax	(3)	1	1
Inventories	6,790	1,150	15,786
Other current assets	1,008	(2,406)	867
Operating right of use asset	530	888	848
Accounts payable	(14,953)	12,966	7,069
Accrued income taxes	(1)	0	1
Accrued liabilities	1,333	5,260	(3,092)
Unearned Revenue	(1,197)
Lease liability	(660)	(969)	(918)
Net cash used in operating activities	(7,929)	(14,022)	(11,644)
Investing activities:
Purchase of property, plant and equipment	(9,079)	(3,210)	(7,981)
Proceeds from disposal of equipment	135	403	114
Deposits and prepaid for equipment	(5,229)	(529)	(2,222)
Purchase of intangible assets	(588)	(498)	(457)
Net cash used in investing activities	(14,761)	(3,834)	(10,546)
Financing activities:
Principal payments of long-term debt and notes payable	(80,214)	(7,336)	(4,144)
Proceeds from line of credit borrowings, net of debt issuance costs	57,626	143,261	122,935
Repayments of line of credit borrowings, net of debt issuance costs	(91,791)	(131,030)	(111,287)
Proceeds from bank acceptance payable	57,057	45,666	24,622
Repayments of bank acceptance payable	(53,748)	(40,573)	(32,465)
Proceeds from issuance of convertible senior notes, net of debt issuance costs	83,661	0	0
Principal payments of financing lease	(63)	(19)	(18)
Exercise of stock options	22	0	8
Payments of tax withholding on behalf of employees related to share-based compensation	(956)	(454)	(961)
Proceeds from common stock offering, net	68,984	1,238	15,397
Net cash provided by financing activities	40,578	10,753	14,087
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	1,622	1,553	(876)
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	19,510	(5,550)	(8,979)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period	35,587	41,136	50,115
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	55,097	35,587	41,136
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Interest	8,098	5,142	4,899
Income taxes	9	0	1
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Net change in accounts payable related to property and equipment additions	1,053	(164)	(4,027)
Net change in deposits and prepaid for equipment related to property and equipment additions	$ (1,297)	$ 67	$ 84

Insider Trading Arrangements

Insider Trading Arrangements	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 shares
ecd_TradingArrByIndTable
Material Terms of Trading Arrangement [Text Block]	Item 9B. Other Information Rule 10b5 1 The adoption or termination of contracts, instructions or written plans for the purchase or sale of our securities by our Section 16 three December 31, 2023, 10b5 1 10b5 1 Name Title Action Date Adopted Expiration Date Aggregate # of Securities to be Purchased/Sold Chih-Hsiang (Thompson) Lin ( 1 CEO Adoption 12/14/2023 3/15/2025 60,000 Stefan Murry ( 2 CFO Adoption 12/14/2023 10/31/2024 12,000 Hung-Lun (Fred) Chang ( 3 SVP/North America General Manager Adoption 12/14/2023 1/31/2025 18,195 David Kuo ( 4 SVP/CLO Adoption 12/14/2023 2/28/2025 40,000 ( 1 Chih-Hsiang (Thompson) Lin CEO 10b5 1 December 14, 2023 60,000 March 15, 2025 ( 2 Stefan Murry CFO 10b5 1 December 14, 2023 12,000 October 31, 2024 ( 3 Hung-Lun (Fred) Chang Senior Vice President and North America General Manager 10b5 1 December 14, 2023 18,195 January 31, 2025 ( 4 David Kuo Senior Vice President and Chief Legal Officer 10b5 1 December 14, 2023 40,000 February 28, 2025
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted [Flag]	true
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted [Flag]	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated [Flag]	true
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated [Flag]	false
Chih-Hsiang (Thompson) Lin [Member]
ecd_TradingArrByIndTable
Trading Arrangement, Individual Name	Chih-Hsiang (Thompson) Lin
Trading Arrangement, Individual Title	CEO
Trading Arrangement Adoption Date	December 14, 2023
Trading Arrangement, Securities Aggregate Available Amount	60,000
Trading Arrangement Termination Date	March 15, 2025
Stefan Murry [Member]
ecd_TradingArrByIndTable
Trading Arrangement, Individual Name	Stefan Murry
Trading Arrangement, Individual Title	CFO
Trading Arrangement Adoption Date	December 14, 2023
Trading Arrangement, Securities Aggregate Available Amount	12,000
Trading Arrangement Termination Date	October 31, 2024
Hung-Lun (Fred) Chang [Member]
ecd_TradingArrByIndTable
Trading Arrangement, Individual Name	Hung-Lun (Fred) Chang
Trading Arrangement, Individual Title	Senior Vice President and North America General Manager
Trading Arrangement Adoption Date	December 14, 2023
Trading Arrangement, Securities Aggregate Available Amount	18,195
Trading Arrangement Termination Date	January 31, 2025
David Kuo [Member]
ecd_TradingArrByIndTable
Trading Arrangement, Individual Name	David Kuo
Trading Arrangement, Individual Title	Senior Vice President and Chief Legal Officer
Trading Arrangement Adoption Date	December 14, 2023
Trading Arrangement, Securities Aggregate Available Amount	40,000
Trading Arrangement Termination Date	February 28, 2025

Note A - Organization and Opera

Note A - Organization and Operations	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements
Business Description and Basis of Presentation [Text Block]	NOTE A—ORGANIZATION AND OPERATIONS Applied Optoelectronics, Inc. (“AOI” or the “Company”) was incorporated in the State of Texas on February 28, 1997. March 2013, four The Company has manufacturing and research and development facilities located in the U.S., Taiwan and China. At its corporate headquarters and manufacturing facilities in Sugar Land, Texas, the Company primarily manufactures lasers and laser components and performs research and development activities for laser component and optical module products. The Company operates in Taipei, Taiwan and Ningbo, China through its wholly-owned subsidiary Prime World International Holdings, Ltd. (“Prime World”, incorporated in the British Virgin Islands). Prime World is the parent of Global Technology, Inc. (“Global”, incorporated in the People’s Republic of China). Through Global, the Company primarily manufactures certain of its data center transceiver products, including subassemblies and transceivers, as well as Cable TV Broadband (“CATV”) systems and equipment, and performs research and development activities for the CATV products. Prime World also operates a branch in Taiwan, which primarily manufactures transceivers. The Company also has a research and development center in Duluth, Georgia.

Note B - Summary of Significant

Note B - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements
Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]	NOTE B—SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 1. Basis of Presentation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and all of its wholly-owned subsidiaries and are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP). All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. 2. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported. Actual results could differ from those estimates in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Significant estimates and assumptions that impact these financial statements relate to, among other things, allowance for doubtful accounts, inventory reserve, product warranty costs, share-based compensation expense, estimated useful lives of property and equipment, and taxes. 3. Foreign Currency Translation The functional currency for the Company’s foreign operations is the local currency. The assets and liabilities of these operations are translated at the rate of exchange in effect on the balance sheet date and sales and expenses are translated at monthly average rates. The resulting gains or losses from translation are included in a separate component of other comprehensive income. There is no 4. Fair Value The carrying value of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and note receivable approximate their historical fair values due to their short-term maturities. The carrying value of the debt approximates its fair value due to the short-term nature of the debt since it renews frequently at current interest rates. Management believes that the interest rates in effect at each year end represent the current market rates for similar borrowings. The fair value measurement standard defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The standard characterizes inputs used in determining fair value according to a hierarchy that prioritized inputs based on the degree to which they are observable. The three Level 1—Inputs Level 2—Inputs 1 not Level 3—Inputs not Assets and liabilities that are required to be fair valued on a recurring basis include money market funds, marketable securities, equity instruments and contingent consideration. Money market funds are valued with Level 1 5. Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid securities with an original maturity of ninety December 31, 2023 2022 , respectively. The Company maintains cash and cash equivalents at U.S. financial institutions for which the combined account balances in individual institutions may December 31, 2023 , approximately $36.8 million of U.S. deposits were not not not 6. Restricted Cash/Compensating Balances Restricted cash includes guarantee deposits for customs duties and compensating balances associated with credit facilities. 7. Accounts Receivable/Allowance for Doubtful Accounts The Company carries its accounts receivable at the net amount that it estimates to be collectible. An allowance for uncollectable accounts is maintained through a charge against operations. The allowance is determined by management review of outstanding amounts per customer, historical payments and the aging of accounts. 8. Concentration of Credit Risk and Significant Customers Financial instruments which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk include cash, cash equivalents and accounts receivable. The Company places all cash and cash equivalents with high-credit quality financial institutions. The Company performs ongoing credit valuations of its customers’ financial condition whenever deemed necessary and generally does not 2023, 2022 2021 , its top five 2023 , Microsoft, ATX and Digicomm represented 46.6%, 15.6% and 11.3% of its revenue, respectively. In 2022, The five December 31, 2023 2022 , respectively. As of December 31, 2023 , Digicomm represented 35.2% of total accounts receivable and ATX represented 21.4% of total accounts receivable. As of December 31, 2022, No ten 2023 2022 ten December 31, 2023 2022. 9. Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (average-cost method) or net realizable value. Work in process and finished goods includes materials, labor and allocated overhead. The Company assesses the valuation of its inventory on a periodic basis and provides write-offs for the value of estimated excess and obsolete inventory based on estimates of future demand. Inventory reserves are recorded to account for the excess and obsolete inventory combined with the lower of cost or net realizable value assessments. To develop the reserve, the Company developed certain percentages that determine the extent of inventory reserve adjustments based on the age of the inventory. Such percentages were determined through analysis of the inventory to determine each product's lifespan, a review historical write-offs or scrapped inventory, and an assessment by product engineers of the possibility of obsolescence for each product. 10. Property, Plant and Equipment Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. The Company calculates depreciation using the straight-line method over the following estimated useful lives: Useful lives (in years) Buildings 20 - 42 Land improvements 10 Machinery and equipment 2 - 20 Furniture and fixtures 3 - 7 Computer equipment and software 3 - 10 Leasehold improvements The shorter of the life of the applicable lease or the useful life of the improvement Transportation equipment 5 Major improvements are capitalized and expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. Construction in progress represents property, plant and equipment under construction or being installed. Costs include original cost, installation, construction and other direct costs which include interest on borrowings used to finance the asset. Construction in progress is transferred to the appropriate fixed asset account and depreciation commences when the asset has been substantially completed and placed in service. Land use rights allow the Company rights for 50 October 7, 2054 December 28, 2067. 11. Intangible Assets Intangible assets consist of intellectual property that is stated at cost less accumulated amortization. As of December 31, 2023 , the Company had 326 trademark may not no 12. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets The Company accounts for impairment of long-lived assets in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 360, Property, Plant and Equipment , (“ASC 360” 360, may not not not 2023 , 2022 or 2021. 13. Comprehensive Income (Loss) ASC 220, Comprehensive Income , (“ASC 220” 220 14. Share-based Compensation The Company accounts for share-based compensation in accordance with the provisions of ASC 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation . Share-based compensation expense is recognized based on the grant date fair value in order to recognize compensation cost for those shares expected to vest. Compensation cost is recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the restricted stock units and adjusted as forfeitures occur. 15. Revenue Recognition The Company derives revenue from the manufacture and sale of fiber optic networking products. Revenue recognition follows the criteria of ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers . Specifically, the Company recognizes revenue when obligations under the terms of a contract with its customer are satisfied; generally this occurs with the transfer of control of products or services not 16. Product Warranty The Company generally offers a one three five may may December 31, 2023 2022 , the amount of accrued warranty was $0.25 million and $0.1 million, respectively. Changes in products warranty were as follows (in thousands): Year ended December 31, 2023 2022 Beginning Balance, January 1 $ 140 $ 263 Warranty costs incurred (44 ) (85 ) Provision for warranty 159 (38 ) Ending Balance, December 31 $ 255 $ 140 17. Advertising Costs Advertising costs are charged to operations as incurred and amounted to approximately $0.8 million, $0.8 million, and $0.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 2021 , respectively. 18. Research and Development Research and development costs are charged to operations as incurred. The Company receives reimbursement for certain development costs, which offset with expense up to the reimbursable amount. 19. Shipping and Handling Costs Shipping and handling costs are included in operating expenses as fulfillment costs unless we bill our customers for shipping and handling charges, which are included in net sales for the applicable period, and the corresponding shipping and handling expense is reported in cost of sales. 20. Income Taxes The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with the provisions of ASC 740, Income Taxes . The liability method is used to account for deferred income taxes. Under the liability method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. The ability to realize deferred tax assets is evaluated annually and a valuation allowance is provided if it is unlikely that the deferred tax assets will not The Company records uncertain tax positions in accordance with ASC 740 two 1 not 2 not 50% The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits on the income tax expense line in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. Accrued interest and penalties are included on the related tax liability line in the consolidated balance sheet. 21. Global Intangible Low-taxed Income Provisions ("GILTI") One of the base broadening provisions of the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 2017 December 31, 2023, December 31, 2022, December 31, 2021, 22. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Recent Accounting Pronouncements Adopted in 2023 There was no 2023. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Yet to be Adopted In December 2023, 2023 09 740 December 15, 2024, In November 2023, 2023 07 280 December 15, 2023, In October 2023, 2023 06 14 X X no

Note C - Revenue Recognition

Note C - Revenue Recognition	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Text Block]	NOTE C—REVENUE RECOGNITION Revenue from Contracts with Customers The Company derives revenue from the manufacture and sale of fiber optic networking products. Revenue is recognized when obligations under the terms of a contract with its customer are satisfied; generally this occurs with the transfer of control of products or services. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for transferring products or providing services. Certain customers may five 1. A contract with a customer exists when (i) the Company enters into an agreement with a customer that defines each party's rights regarding the products or services to be transferred and identifies the payment terms related to these products or services, (ii) both parties to the contract are committed to perform their respective obligations, (iii) the contract has commercial substance, and (iv) the Company determines that collection of substantially all consideration for products or services that are transferred is probable based on the customer's intent and ability to pay the promised consideration. The Company applies judgment in determining the customer's ability and intention to pay, which is based on a variety of factors including the customer's payment history or, in the case of a new customer, published credit and financial information pertaining to the customer. 2. Performance obligations promised in a contract are identified based on the products or services that will be transferred to the customer that are both capable of being distinct, whereby the customer can benefit from the product or service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available from third not 3. The transaction price is determined based on the consideration to which the Company will be entitled in exchange for transferring products or services to the customer. To the extent the transaction price is variable, revenue is recognized at an amount equal to the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled. This estimate includes customer sales incentives which are accounted for as a reduction to revenue and estimated using either the expected value method or the most likely amount method, depending on the nature of the program. The Company will adjust its consideration for any rebates if it is more likely than not 4. If the contract contains a single performance obligation, the entire transaction price is allocated to the single performance obligation. Contracts that contain multiple performance obligations require an allocation of the transaction price to each performance obligation based on a relative standalone selling price for each performance obligation. The Company determines standalone selling price based on the price at which the performance obligation is sold separately. In cases where there is no 5. For product sales, the Company generally satisfies performance obligations at a point in time, most often upon shipment of a product to the customer or delivery of the product to the customer. evenue is recognized based on the transaction price at the time the related performance obligation is satisfied. For service obligations, the Company generally recognizes revenue over time. The most common type of service obligation encountered by the Company is an arrangement involving non-recurring engineering in which service revenue is typically recognized over time under either the time and material practical expedient, as the Company has a right to consideration from a customer, in an amount that corresponds directly with the value to the customer of the Company's performance completed to date, or under the output method, for example using contract-specific milestones or other objective measures of progress. Unearned Revenue Unearned Revenue results from cash received or amounts billed to customers in advance of revenue recognized upon the satisfaction of performance obligations. As of December 31, 2023, 2022, 2024, December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Unearned Revenue, beginning of period $ 3,000 $ — Additional Unearned Revenue 12,608 3,000 Revenue recognized 13,805 — Unearned Revenue, end of period $ 1,803 $ 3,000 Disaggregation of Revenue Revenue is classified based on the location of where the product is manufactured. For additional information on the disaggregated revenues by geographical region, see Note R, "Segments and Geographic Information.” Revenue is also classified by major product category and is presented below (in thousands): Years ended December 31, % of % of % of 2023 Revenue 2022 Revenue 2021 Revenue CATV $ 59,942 27.5 % $ 118,169 53.0 % $ 94,266 44.6 % Data Center 141,213 64.9 % 77,094 34.6 % 97,461 46.1 % Telecom 13,831 6.4 % 24,727 11.1 % 16,247 7.7 % FTTH 56 0.0 % 129 0.1 % 957 0.5 % Other 2,604 1.2 % 2,699 1.2 % 2,634 1.2 % Total Revenue $ 217,646 100.0 % $ 222,818 100.0 % $ 211,565 100.0 %

Note D - Leases

Note D - Leases	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements
Lessee, Operating and Finance Leases [Text Block]	NOTE D— Leases The Company leases space under non-cancellable operating leases for manufacturing facilities, research and development offices and certain storage facilities and apartments. These leases do not one one As most of the Company’s leases do not Lease expense is included under general and administrative expenses and was $1.2 million, $1.2 million, and $1.3 million, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 2021 , respectively. The Components of lease expense were as follows for the periods indicated (in thousands): Year ended December 31, Year ended December 31, 2023 2022 Operating lease expense $ 1,146 $ 1,161 Financing lease expense 27 32 Short Term lease expense 22 27 Total lease expense $ 1,195 $ 1,220 Maturities of lease liabilities are as follows for the future one December 31, ( Operating Financing Total 2024 $ 1,330 $ — $ 1,330 2025 1,307 — 1,307 2026 1,106 — 1,106 2027 1,092 — 1,092 2028 1,093 — 1,093 2029 and thereafter 463 — 463 Total lease payments $ 6,391 $ — $ 6,391 Less imputed interest (516 ) — (516 ) Present value $ 5,875 $ — $ 5,875 The weighted average remaining lease term and discount rate for operating leases were as follows for the periods indicated: December 31, December 31, 2023 2022 Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term (Years) - operating leases 5.10 6.16 Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term (Years) - financing leases — 0.83 Weighted Average Discount Rate - operating leases 3.30 % 3.21 % Weighted Average Discount Rate - financing leases — 5.00 % Supplemental cash flow information related to operating leases was as follows for the periods indicated (in thousands): Year ended December 31, Year ended December 31, 2023 2022 Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from operating leases 1,250 1,234 Operating cash flows from financing lease 2 4 Financing cash flows from financing lease 63 19 Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities - —

Note E - Cash, Cash Equivalents

Note E - Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements
Cash and Cash Equivalents Disclosure [Text Block]	NOTE E—CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the balance sheet that sum to the total of the same such amounts in the statement of cash flows (in thousands): December 31, December 31, 2023 2022 Cash and cash equivalents $ 45,366 $ 24,685 Restricted cash 9,731 10,902 Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in the statement of cash flows $ 55,097 $ 35,587 Restricted cash includes guarantee deposits for customs duties, China government subsidy fund, and compensating balances associated with certain credit facilities. As of December 31, 2023 2022 , there was $6.5 million and $8.7 million of restricted cash required for bank acceptance notes issued to vendors, respectively. There was $2.5 million and $1.1 million certificate of deposit with original maturity of 90 December 31, 2023 2022 respectively. There was $0.7 million and $1.0 million guarantee deposits for customs duties as of December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022.

Note F - Earnings Per Share

Note F - Earnings Per Share	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements
Earnings Per Share [Text Block]	NOTE F—EARNINGS PER SHARE Basic net loss per share has been computed using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share has been computed using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock and dilutive potential common shares from options and restricted stock units outstanding during the period. In periods with net losses, normally dilutive shares become anti-dilutive. Therefore, basic and dilutive earnings per share are the same. The following table presents the computation of the basic and diluted net loss per share for the periods indicated (in thousands): Year ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Numerator: Net loss $ (56,048 ) $ (66,397 ) $ (54,162 ) Denominator: Weighted average shares used to compute net loss per share Basic 31,944 27,846 26,912 Effect of dilutive options and restricted stock units — — — Diluted 31,944 27,846 26,912 Net loss per share Basic $ (1.75 ) $ (2.38 ) $ (2.01 ) Diluted $ (1.75 ) $ (2.38 ) $ (2.01 ) The following potentially dilutive securities were excluded from diluted net loss per share as their effect would have been antidilutive (in thousands): As of December 31, 2023 2022 Employee stock options - - Restricted stock units 1,167 1 Shares for convertible senior notes 5,264 4,587 Total antidilutive shares 6,431 4,588

Note G - Inventories

Note G - Inventories	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements
Inventory Disclosure [Text Block]	NOTE G—INVENTORIES At December 31, 2023 2022 , inventories consisted of the following (in thousands): As of December 31, 2023 2022 Raw materials $ 22,128 $ 25,732 Work in process and sub-assemblies 33,792 39,563 Finished goods 22,452 26,794 Allowance for Inventory (14,506 ) (12,410 ) Total inventory $ 63,866 $ 79,679 For the years 2023, 2022 2021, December 31, 2023, 2022 2021,

Note H - Property, Plant and Eq

Note H - Property, Plant and Equipment	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements
Property, Plant and Equipment Disclosure [Text Block]	NOTE H—PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT Property, plant and equipment consisted of the following for the periods indicated (in thousands): December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Land improvements $ 806 $ 806 Building and improvements 86,534 86,372 Machinery and equipment 257,842 251,216 Furniture and fixtures 5,449 5,382 Computer equipment and software 12,059 11,713 Transportation equipment 673 679 363,363 356,168 Less accumulated depreciation and amortization (194,086 ) (177,519 ) 169,277 178,649 Construction in progress 29,939 30,434 Land 1,101 1,101 Total property, plant and equipment, net $ 200,317 $ 210,184 For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 2021 , depreciation expense of property, plant and equipment was $19.7 million, $22.6 million, and $24.8 million, respectively. For the years December 31, 2023, 2022 2021 , the capitalized interest was $0 million, $0.2 million, and $0.9 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2023 , the Company concluded that its continued loss history constitutes a triggering event as described in ASC 360 10 35 21, Property, Plant, and Equipment . The Company performed a recoverability test and concluded that future undiscounted cash flows exceed the carrying amount of the Company’s long-lived assets and therefore no

Note I - Intangible Assets, Net

Note I - Intangible Assets, Net	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements
Intangible Assets Disclosure [Text Block]	NOTE I—INTANGIBLE ASSETS Intangible assets consisted of the following for the periods indicated (in thousands): December 31, 2023 Gross Accumulated Intangible Amount amortization assets, net Patents $ 9,502 $ (5,981 ) $ 3,521 Trademarks 138 (31 ) $ 107 Total intangible assets $ 9,640 $ (6,012 ) $ 3,628 December 31, 2022 Gross Accumulated Intangible Amount amortization assets, net Patents $ 8,994 $ (5,330 ) $ 3,664 Trademarks 56 (21 ) 35 Total intangible assets $ 9,050 $ (5,351 ) $ 3,699 For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 2021 , amortization expense for intangible assets, included in general and administrative expenses on the income statement, was $0.7 million, $0.6 million and $0.5 million, respectively. The remaining weighted average amortization period for intangible assets is approximately six At December 31, 2023 , future amortization expense for intangible assets is estimated to be (in thousands): December 31, 2023 2024 $ 683 2025 683 2026 683 2027 683 2028 683 2029 213 thereafter - Total $ 3,628

Note J - Fair Value of Financia

Note J - Fair Value of Financial Instruments	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements
Fair Value Disclosures [Text Block]	NOTE J—FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS The following table presents a summary of the Company’s financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2023 (in thousands): Quoted prices Significant in active other markets for observable Significant identical remaining unobservable assets (Level 1) inputs (Level 2) inputs (Level 3) Total Assets: Cash and cash equivalents $ 45,366 $ — $ — $ 45,366 Restricted cash 9,731 — — 9,731 Note receivable — 219 — 219 Total assets $ 55,097 $ 219 $ — $ 55,316 Liabilities: Bank acceptance payable — $ 15,482 — $ 15,482 Convertible senior notes — 76,519 — 76,519 Total liabilities $ — $ 92,001 $ — $ 92,001 The following table presents a summary of the Company’s financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2022 Quoted prices Significant in active other markets for observable Significant identical remaining unobservable assets (Level 1) inputs (Level 2) inputs (Level 3) Total Assets: Cash and cash equivalents $ 24,685 $ — $ — $ 24,685 Restricted cash 10,902 — — 10,902 Note receivable — 339 — 339 Total assets $ 35,587 $ 339 $ — $ 35,926 Liabilities: Bank acceptance payable — $ 12,337 — $ 12,337 Convertible senior notes — 58,314 — 58,314 Total liabilities $ — $ 70,651 $ — $ 70,651

Note K - Notes Payable and Long

Note K - Notes Payable and Long-term Debt	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements
Debt Disclosure [Text Block]	NOTE K—NOTES PAYABLE AND LONG-TERM DEBT Notes payable and long-term debt consisted of the following for the periods indicated (in thousands): December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Revolving line of credit with a U.S. bank up to $ 27.8 8.984 12/14/2023 11/16/2025 — $ 25,000 Revolving line of credit with a China bank up to $ 19.04 4.57 6.12 May 24, 2024 12,608 13,102 Credit facility with a China bank up to $ 26.65 4.45 6.6 June 6, 2027 10,589 20,140 Sub-total 23,197 58,242 Less debt issuance costs, net — (1,168 ) Grand total 23,197 57,074 Less current portion (23,197 ) (57,074 ) Non-current portion $ - $ - Bank Acceptance Notes Payable Bank acceptance notes issued to vendors with a zero percent interest rate $ 15,482 $ 12,337 The current portion of long-term debt is the amount payable within one December 31, 2023 . On November 16, 2022, three 50% November 16, 2025 91 2024 August 16, 2023, November 17, 2023 On May 24, 2019, five 180 May 7, 2019; April 30, 2019 May 8, 2019. may 5 may December 31, 2023, On June 7, 2022, five "¥200M may ¥200M June 7, 2022 June 6, 2027 (" ¥200M ¥200M may ¥200M ¥200M may ¥200M December 21, 2023, ¥200M not may December 21, 2023 December 21, 2025 ( may may not December 31, 2023, ¥200M As of December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022, As of December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022,

Note L - Convertible Senior Not

Note L - Convertible Senior Notes	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements
Convertible Debt [Text Block]	NOTE L—C onvertible Senior Notes On March 5, 2019, 2024 “2024 December 5, 2023, 2026 "2026 2024 2024 2024 The 2026 December 5, 2023, ( 2026 5.250% June 15 December 15 June 15, 2024. 2026 December 15, 2026, The following table presents the carrying value of the 2026 December 31, 2023 Principal $ 80,214 Unamortized debt issuance costs (3,981 ) Net carrying amount $ 76,233 The conversion rate for the 2026 2026 November 30, 2023 September 15, 2026, 2026 2026 September 15, 2026, 2026 may 2026 second Initially there are no 2026 2026 2026 2026 2026 The Indenture contains covenants that limit the Company’s ability and the ability of our subsidiaries to, among other things: (i) incur or guarantee additional indebtedness or issue disqualified stock; and (ii) create or incur liens. The 2026 December 15, 2024 40th 2026 1 not 2 In addition, the 2026 40th 2026 2026 x one not Calling any Convertible Note for redemption will constitute a “Make-whole fundamental change” (as defined in the Indenture) with respect to that Convertible Note, in which case the conversion rate applicable to the conversion of that Convertible Note will be increased in certain circumstances if it is converted after it is called for redemption. In addition, if the Specified Divestiture is completed, then each holder of 2026 2026 no 35, 20, 2026 2026 Moreover, if the Company undergoes a fundamental change, as described in the Indenture, holders of the 2026 may 2026 2026 Additionally, the 2026 No 2026 Pursuant to the guidance in ASC 815 40, 815 40, 1 2 815 40 25 7 815 40 25 10. not 470 20, The following table sets forth interest expense information related to the 2024 Year ended December 31, 2023 2022 Contractual interest expense $ 4,039 $ 4,025 Amortization of debt issuance costs 849 826 Total interest cost $ 4,888 $ 4,851 Effective interest rate 5.1 % 5.1 %

Note M - Accrued Liabilities

Note M - Accrued Liabilities	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements
Accounts Payable, Accrued Liabilities, and Other Liabilities Disclosure, Current [Text Block]	NOTE M—ACCRUED LIABILITIES Accrued liabilities consisted of the following for the periods indicated (in thousands): December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Accrued payroll $ 12,146 $ 9,702 Accrued employee benefits 3,376 3,265 Accrued state and local taxes 745 588 Accrued interest 341 1,597 Accrued shipping and tariff expenses 27 — Advance payments 187 216 Accrued commission 649 937 Accrued professional fees 270 409 Accrued product warranty 255 140 Accrued other 553 368 Total accrued liabilities $ 18,549 $ 17,222

Note N - Other Income and Expen

Note N - Other Income and Expense	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements
Other Nonoperating Income and Expense [Text Block]	NOTE N—OTHER INCOME AND EXPENSE Other income and expense consisted of the following for the periods indicated (in thousands): Year ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Foreign exchange transaction gain (loss) $ 711 $ (1,488 ) $ 454 Government subsidy income 937 160 1,345 Other non-operating gain(loss) (7,468 ) 76 129 Loan forgiveness — — 6,229 Gain (loss) on disposal of assets (51 ) 47 (1 ) Total other gain (loss), net $ (5,871 ) $ (1,205 ) $ 8,156

Note O - Income Taxes

Note O - Income Taxes	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements
Income Tax Disclosure [Text Block]	NOTE O—INCOME TAXES The sources of the Company’s loss from operations before income taxes were as follows (in thousands): Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Domestic $ (52,886 ) $ (45,404 ) $ (21,229 ) Foreign (3,153 ) (20,992 ) (32,931 ) Total loss before income taxes $ (56,039 ) $ (66,396 ) $ (54,160 ) The provision for income tax expense (benefit) for the years ended December 31, Current: 2023 2022 2021 Federal $ — $ — $ — State 1 1 2 Foreign 8 — — Total $ 9 $ 1 $ 2 Deferred: Federal $ — $ — $ — State — — — Foreign — — — Total $ — $ — $ — Income tax (benefit) expense $ 9 $ 1 $ 2 Deferred income tax assets and liabilities result principally from net operating losses, different methods of recognizing depreciation, reserves for doubtful accounts and inventory, research and development credits and foreign tax credits. At December 31, 2023 2022 NOL carryforward $ 49,469 $ 47,901 Inventory reserves 3,195 2,892 Unrealized gains and losses 355 363 Share-based compensation 1,013 914 Foreign tax credit 4,599 4,599 Research and development credits 10,998 10,505 Capitalized research and development 8,717 Interest 5,659 3,966 ASC 842 Assets 1,561 1,602 Other 941 776 Deferred tax assets 86,507 73,518 Less valuation allowance (78,124 ) (69,680 ) Deferred tax assets, net 8,383 3,838 Depreciation and amortization (6,992 ) (2,441 ) ASC 842 Liabilities (1,391 ) (1,397 ) Deferred tax liabilities (8,383 ) (3,838 ) Deferred tax assets, net $ — $ — The Company has a U.S. net operating loss carry forward of approximately $112 million, $32.7 million of which, if unused, expires between 2026 2032 2028 2043. 2028. 382. December 31, 2023, ten 2028. ten 2029. Management assesses the available positive and negative evidence to estimate whether sufficient future taxable income will be generated to permit use of the existing deferred tax assets. A significant piece of objective negative evidence evaluated was the cumulative loss incurred over the three December 31, 2023. On the basis of this evaluation, as of December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022, not no The following table shows the change in the deferred tax valuation allowance as follows: 2023 2022 2021 Beginning Balance, January 1 $ 69,680 $ 57,721 $ 43,462 Change charged to expense/(income) 8,755 14,196 13,822 Change charged to currency translation adjustment (311 ) (2,237 ) 437 Ending Balance, December 31 $ 78,124 $ 69,680 $ 57,721 A reconciliation of the U.S. federal income tax rate of 21% for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 2021 , respectively, to the Company’s effective income tax rate follows (in thousands): 2023 2022 2021 Expected taxes at statutory rate $ (11,768 ) $ (13,943 ) $ (11,374 ) PPP loan forgiveness — — (1,308 ) Non-deductible/non-taxable items 57 33 897 Global intangible low-taxed incom 2,568 Foreign rate differences 242 552 107 Foreign permanent differences (1,212 ) (1,407 ) (1,320 ) Changes in valuation allowance 8,755 14,196 13,822 Share-based compensation 729 879 468 Research and development credits (492 ) (626 ) (872 ) Extinguishment of debt 1,580 — — Foreign other — — — Other, net (450 ) 317 (418 ) Tax (benefit) expense $ 9 $ 1 $ 2 The Company's provision for income taxes in 2023 2022 The Company's provision for income taxes in 2022 2021 The Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, Prime World is a tax-exempt entity under the Income Tax Code of the British Virgin Islands. The Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, Global Technology, Inc., has enjoyed preferential tax concessions in China as a national high-tech enterprise. In March 2007, January 1, 2008, 2008 December 2023, three December 2026. 2023, 2022 2021 This tax holiday reduced its fiscal 2023, 2022, 2021 $0.00, . Effective January 1, 2016, As of December 31, 2023, 2022 2021, 2023 2022 2021 Unrecognized tax benefits — January 1 $ 181 $ 181 $ 181 Gross increases — tax positions in prior period — — — Gross decreases — tax positions in prior period — — — Unrecognized tax benefits — December 31 $ 181 $ 181 $ 181 The Company recognizes interest accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits and penalties as income tax expense. Related to the unrecognized tax benefits noted above, it has not 2023 2022 2021, The Company is subject to taxation in the United States and various states and foreign jurisdictions. The Company’s open tax years subject to examination in the U.S. federal and state jurisdictions are 2020 2023. may 2018 In response to the COVID- 19 March 27, 2020. December 27, 2020, 2020 2021, March 1, 2021. 2021 2022 2021, no On August 9, 2022, no 2023, On August 16, 2022, 1% December 31, 2022, not The Company expects any earnings of foreign subsidiaries to be indefinitely invested outside the United States. As of December 31, 2023, not no not

Note P - Share-based Compensati

Note P - Share-based Compensation	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Text Block]	NOTE P—SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION Equity Plans The Company’s board of directors and stockholders approved the following equity plans: ‑ the 2013 "2013 ‑ the 2021 " 2021 " ‑ the 2023 " " The Company issued stock options, restricted stock awards (“RSAs”) and restricted stock units (“RSUs”) to employees, consultants and non-employee directors. Stock option awards generally vest over a four ten may September 2013, third Stock Options Options have been granted to the Company’s employees under the 2013 first ten The following is a summary of option activity (in thousands, except per share data): Weighted Weighted Weighted Average Average Average Share Price Weighted Remaining Aggregate Number of Exercise on Date of Average Contractual Intrinsic shares Price Exercise Fair Value Life Value (in thousands, except price data) Outstanding, January 1, 2023 263 $ 10.41 $ 5.45 0.71 $ — Exercised (48 ) 11.33 16.23 5.81 0.03 237 Forfeited (214 ) 10.18 5.36 1,955 Outstanding, December 31, 2023 1 13.84 7.12 0.08 8 Exercisable, December 31, 2023 1 13.84 7.12 0.08 8 Vested and expected to vest 1 13.84 7.12 0.08 8 As of December 31, 2023 , there was no unrecognized stock option expense. Performance Based Incentive Plan The Company approved to grant restricted performance stock units (“PSUs”) to senior executives as a part of our long-term equity compensation program starting from June 2021. three third twelve December 31, 2023 2022 Weighted Average Share Weighted Aggregate Number of Price on Date Average Fair Intrinsic shares of Release Value Value (in thousands, except price data) Outstanding at January 1, 2023 766 $ 6.75 $ 1,447 Granted 767 8.89 3,566 Released — — — Cancelled/Forfeited — — — Outstanding, December 31, 2023 1,533 7.82 29,610 Vested and expected to vest 1,533 7.82 29,610 As of December 31, 2023, Restricted Stock Units Restricted stock units are issued to employees through a vesting plan and distribution schedule after employee remains with the Company for a particular length of time. The following is a total summary of RSU activity (in thousands, except per share data): Weighted Average Share Weighted Aggregate Number of Price on Date Average Fair Intrinsic shares of Release Value Value (in thousands, except price data) Outstanding at January 1, 2023 2,209 $ 5.76 $ 4,176 Granted 2,200 4.76 10,449 Released (1,397 ) $ 5.61 6.15 7,833 Cancelled/Forfeited (139 ) 3.91 2,692 Outstanding, December 31, 2023 2,873 4.89 55,507 Vested and expected to vest 2,873 4.89 55,507 As of December 31, 2023 , there was $12.1 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to these RSUs. This expense is expected to be recognized over 2.41 years. Share-Based Compensation The Company recognizes compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the applicable vesting term of the award and expense is adjusted as forfeitures occur. In 2014, Employee share-based compensation expenses recognized for the years ended December 31, Share-Based compensation - by expense type: 2023 2022 2021 Cost of goods sold $ 524 $ 488 $ 885 Research and development 1,492 1,332 2,173 Sales and marketing 1,110 857 1,115 General and administrative 8,758 6,923 7,948 Total share-based compensation expense $ 11,884 $ 9,600 $ 12,121

Note Q - Stockholders' Equity

Note Q - Stockholders' Equity	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements
Equity [Text Block]	NOTE Q—STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY Common Stock The Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation authorizes the issuance of up to 80,000,000 shares of common stock, all of which have been designated voting common stock. Preferred Stock The Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation authorizes the issuance of up to 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock. Public Offerings of Common Stock On January 5, 2023, 3 March 21, 2023, 415 6 3, January 9, 2020. On March 24, 2023, may 415 1933, may one no may The Agreement provides that the Sales Agent will be entitled to compensation of up to 2% of the gross sales price of the Shares sold through the Sales Agent from time to time. The Company has also agreed to reimburse the Sales Agent for certain specified expenses in connection with the registration of Shares under state blue sky laws and any filing with, and clearance of the offering by, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority Inc., not may On September 12, 2023, No. 1 November, 2023, The details of the shares of common stock sold through the ATM Offering through December 31, 2023 Distribution Agent Month Weighted Average Per Share Price Number of Shares Sold Net Proceeds Compensation to Distribution Agent Raymond James & Associates, Inc. Feb 2023 $ 2.811 158 $ 436 $ 9 Raymond James & Associates, Inc. Jun 2023 4.036 2,497 9,879 202 Raymond James & Associates, Inc. Aug 2023 11.645 1,150 13,124 268 Raymond James & Associates, Inc. Sept 2023 10.184 892 8,901 182 Raymond James & Associates, Inc. Oct 2023 11.003 1,043 11,244 229 Raymond James & Associates, Inc. Nov 2023 12.572 2,068 25,473 520 Total 7,808 $ 69,057 $ 1,410

Note R - Segment and Geographic

Note R - Segment and Geographic Information	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements
Segment Reporting Disclosure [Text Block]	NOTE R—SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION The Company operates in one reportable segment. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer, who is considered to be the chief operating decision maker, manages the Company’s operations as a whole and reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis, accompanied by information about product revenue, for purposes of evaluating financial performance and allocating resources. The following tables set forth the Company’s revenue and asset information by geographic region. Revenue is classified based on the location of where the product is manufactured. Long-lived assets in the tables below comprise only property, plant, equipment and intangible assets (in thousands): Year ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Revenues: United States $ 30,798 $ 7,423 $ 14,633 Taiwan 143,528 164,144 99,201 China 43,320 51,251 97,731 $ 217,646 $ 222,818 $ 211,565 As of December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Long-lived assets: United States $ 75,283 $ 80,048 $ 87,709 Taiwan 47,668 50,777 63,644 China 91,050 93,888 108,509 $ 214,001 $ 224,713 $ 259,862 The Company serves four 2023, 2022, Of the Company’s total revenues in 2021,

Note S - Employee Benefit Plans

Note S - Employee Benefit Plans	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements
Compensation and Employee Benefit Plans [Text Block]	NOTE S—EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS Employees of Global participate in a state-mandated social security program in China. Under this program, pension costs are recorded on the basis of required monthly contributions to employees’ individual accounts during their service periods. Under the regulations of the People’s Republic of China, Global is required to make fixed contributions to a fund, which is under the administration of the local labor departments. Pension expense for Global was $1.7 million, $1.0 million, and $1.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 2021 , respectively. Employees of Prime World’s Taiwan branch participate in a pension program under the Taiwan Labor Pension Act. Pension expense for the Prime World’s Taiwan branch was $0.5 million, $0.5 million, and $0.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 2021 , respectively.

Note T - Commitments and Contin

Note T - Commitments and Contingencies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Text Block]	NOTE T—COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES Employment Agreements and Consultancy Agreements The Company has entered into employment and indemnification agreements with our CEO. The agreement provides that if his employment is terminated as a result of a change of control of the Company, or if his employment is terminated for certain other reasons set forth in the agreements, the Company will be required to pay a severance payment in an amount equal to his annual base salary, and other additional compensation due under the terms of the agreements. The Company has also entered into employment and indemnification agreements with four Contingencies From time to time, the Company may not Arbitration filed by Yuhan Optoelectronic Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. On September 12, 2023, September 15, 2022, December 22, 2023, January 22, 2024, not not not Other Contingencies None.

Note U - Subsequent Events

Note U - Subsequent Events	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements
Subsequent Events [Text Block]	NOTE U—SUBSEQUENT EVENTS The Company has evaluated subsequent events through the date the financial statements were issued.

Significant Accounting Policies

Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Basis of Accounting, Policy [Policy Text Block]	1. Basis of Presentation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and all of its wholly-owned subsidiaries and are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP). All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates, Policy [Policy Text Block]	2. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported. Actual results could differ from those estimates in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Significant estimates and assumptions that impact these financial statements relate to, among other things, allowance for doubtful accounts, inventory reserve, product warranty costs, share-based compensation expense, estimated useful lives of property and equipment, and taxes.
Foreign Currency Transactions and Translations Policy [Policy Text Block]	3. Foreign Currency Translation The functional currency for the Company’s foreign operations is the local currency. The assets and liabilities of these operations are translated at the rate of exchange in effect on the balance sheet date and sales and expenses are translated at monthly average rates. The resulting gains or losses from translation are included in a separate component of other comprehensive income. There is no
Fair Value of Financial Instruments, Policy [Policy Text Block]	4. Fair Value The carrying value of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and note receivable approximate their historical fair values due to their short-term maturities. The carrying value of the debt approximates its fair value due to the short-term nature of the debt since it renews frequently at current interest rates. Management believes that the interest rates in effect at each year end represent the current market rates for similar borrowings. The fair value measurement standard defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The standard characterizes inputs used in determining fair value according to a hierarchy that prioritized inputs based on the degree to which they are observable. The three Level 1—Inputs Level 2—Inputs 1 not Level 3—Inputs not Assets and liabilities that are required to be fair valued on a recurring basis include money market funds, marketable securities, equity instruments and contingent consideration. Money market funds are valued with Level 1
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block]	5. Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid securities with an original maturity of ninety December 31, 2023 2022 , respectively. The Company maintains cash and cash equivalents at U.S. financial institutions for which the combined account balances in individual institutions may December 31, 2023 , approximately $36.8 million of U.S. deposits were not not not
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block]	6. Restricted Cash/Compensating Balances Restricted cash includes guarantee deposits for customs duties and compensating balances associated with credit facilities.
Receivables, Trade and Other Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Doubtful Accounts, Policy [Policy Text Block]	7. Accounts Receivable/Allowance for Doubtful Accounts The Company carries its accounts receivable at the net amount that it estimates to be collectible. An allowance for uncollectable accounts is maintained through a charge against operations. The allowance is determined by management review of outstanding amounts per customer, historical payments and the aging of accounts.
Concentration Risk, Credit Risk, Policy [Policy Text Block]	8. Concentration of Credit Risk and Significant Customers Financial instruments which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk include cash, cash equivalents and accounts receivable. The Company places all cash and cash equivalents with high-credit quality financial institutions. The Company performs ongoing credit valuations of its customers’ financial condition whenever deemed necessary and generally does not 2023, 2022 2021 , its top five 2023 , Microsoft, ATX and Digicomm represented 46.6%, 15.6% and 11.3% of its revenue, respectively. In 2022, The five December 31, 2023 2022 , respectively. As of December 31, 2023 , Digicomm represented 35.2% of total accounts receivable and ATX represented 21.4% of total accounts receivable. As of December 31, 2022, No ten 2023 2022 ten December 31, 2023 2022.
Inventory, Policy [Policy Text Block]	9. Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (average-cost method) or net realizable value. Work in process and finished goods includes materials, labor and allocated overhead. The Company assesses the valuation of its inventory on a periodic basis and provides write-offs for the value of estimated excess and obsolete inventory based on estimates of future demand. Inventory reserves are recorded to account for the excess and obsolete inventory combined with the lower of cost or net realizable value assessments. To develop the reserve, the Company developed certain percentages that determine the extent of inventory reserve adjustments based on the age of the inventory. Such percentages were determined through analysis of the inventory to determine each product's lifespan, a review historical write-offs or scrapped inventory, and an assessment by product engineers of the possibility of obsolescence for each product.
Property, Plant and Equipment, Policy [Policy Text Block]	10. Property, Plant and Equipment Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. The Company calculates depreciation using the straight-line method over the following estimated useful lives: Useful lives (in years) Buildings 20 - 42 Land improvements 10 Machinery and equipment 2 - 20 Furniture and fixtures 3 - 7 Computer equipment and software 3 - 10 Leasehold improvements The shorter of the life of the applicable lease or the useful life of the improvement Transportation equipment 5 Major improvements are capitalized and expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. Construction in progress represents property, plant and equipment under construction or being installed. Costs include original cost, installation, construction and other direct costs which include interest on borrowings used to finance the asset. Construction in progress is transferred to the appropriate fixed asset account and depreciation commences when the asset has been substantially completed and placed in service. Land use rights allow the Company rights for 50 October 7, 2054 December 28, 2067.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Intangible Assets, Policy [Policy Text Block]	11. Intangible Assets Intangible assets consist of intellectual property that is stated at cost less accumulated amortization. As of December 31, 2023 , the Company had 326 trademark may not no
Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, Including Intangible Assets, Policy [Policy Text Block]	12. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets The Company accounts for impairment of long-lived assets in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 360, Property, Plant and Equipment , (“ASC 360” 360, may not not not 2023 , 2022 or 2021.
Comprehensive Income, Policy [Policy Text Block]	13. Comprehensive Income (Loss) ASC 220, Comprehensive Income , (“ASC 220” 220
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Policy Text Block]	14. Share-based Compensation The Company accounts for share-based compensation in accordance with the provisions of ASC 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation . Share-based compensation expense is recognized based on the grant date fair value in order to recognize compensation cost for those shares expected to vest. Compensation cost is recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the restricted stock units and adjusted as forfeitures occur.
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Policy Text Block]	15. Revenue Recognition The Company derives revenue from the manufacture and sale of fiber optic networking products. Revenue recognition follows the criteria of ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers . Specifically, the Company recognizes revenue when obligations under the terms of a contract with its customer are satisfied; generally this occurs with the transfer of control of products or services not
Standard Product Warranty, Policy [Policy Text Block]	16. Product Warranty The Company generally offers a one three five may may December 31, 2023 2022 , the amount of accrued warranty was $0.25 million and $0.1 million, respectively. Changes in products warranty were as follows (in thousands): Year ended December 31, 2023 2022 Beginning Balance, January 1 $ 140 $ 263 Warranty costs incurred (44 ) (85 ) Provision for warranty 159 (38 ) Ending Balance, December 31 $ 255 $ 140
Advertising Cost [Policy Text Block]	17. Advertising Costs Advertising costs are charged to operations as incurred and amounted to approximately $0.8 million, $0.8 million, and $0.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 2021 , respectively.
Research and Development Expense, Policy [Policy Text Block]	18. Research and Development Research and development costs are charged to operations as incurred. The Company receives reimbursement for certain development costs, which offset with expense up to the reimbursable amount.
Shipping And Handling Costs [Policy Text Block]	19. Shipping and Handling Costs Shipping and handling costs are included in operating expenses as fulfillment costs unless we bill our customers for shipping and handling charges, which are included in net sales for the applicable period, and the corresponding shipping and handling expense is reported in cost of sales.
Income Tax, Policy [Policy Text Block]	20. Income Taxes The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with the provisions of ASC 740, Income Taxes . The liability method is used to account for deferred income taxes. Under the liability method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. The ability to realize deferred tax assets is evaluated annually and a valuation allowance is provided if it is unlikely that the deferred tax assets will not The Company records uncertain tax positions in accordance with ASC 740 two 1 not 2 not 50% The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits on the income tax expense line in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. Accrued interest and penalties are included on the related tax liability line in the consolidated balance sheet.
Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income Provisions (GILTI) [Policy Text Block]	21. Global Intangible Low-taxed Income Provisions ("GILTI") One of the base broadening provisions of the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 2017 December 31, 2023, December 31, 2022, December 31, 2021,
New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block]	22. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Recent Accounting Pronouncements Adopted in 2023 There was no 2023. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Yet to be Adopted In December 2023, 2023 09 740 December 15, 2024, In November 2023, 2023 07 280 December 15, 2023, In October 2023, 2023 06 14 X X no

Note B - Summary of Significa_2

Note B - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes Tables
Schedule of Useful Lives of Property, Plant and Equipment [Table Text Block]	Useful lives (in years) Buildings 20 - 42 Land improvements 10 Machinery and equipment 2 - 20 Furniture and fixtures 3 - 7 Computer equipment and software 3 - 10 Leasehold improvements The shorter of the life of the applicable lease or the useful life of the improvement Transportation equipment 5
Schedule of Product Warranty Liability [Table Text Block]	Year ended December 31, 2023 2022 Beginning Balance, January 1 $ 140 $ 263 Warranty costs incurred (44 ) (85 ) Provision for warranty 159 (38 ) Ending Balance, December 31 $ 255 $ 140

Note C - Revenue Recognition (T

Note C - Revenue Recognition (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes Tables
Contract with Customer, Contract Asset, Contract Liability, and Receivable [Table Text Block]	December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Unearned Revenue, beginning of period $ 3,000 $ — Additional Unearned Revenue 12,608 3,000 Revenue recognized 13,805 — Unearned Revenue, end of period $ 1,803 $ 3,000
Disaggregation of Revenue [Table Text Block]	Years ended December 31, % of % of % of 2023 Revenue 2022 Revenue 2021 Revenue CATV $ 59,942 27.5 % $ 118,169 53.0 % $ 94,266 44.6 % Data Center 141,213 64.9 % 77,094 34.6 % 97,461 46.1 % Telecom 13,831 6.4 % 24,727 11.1 % 16,247 7.7 % FTTH 56 0.0 % 129 0.1 % 957 0.5 % Other 2,604 1.2 % 2,699 1.2 % 2,634 1.2 % Total Revenue $ 217,646 100.0 % $ 222,818 100.0 % $ 211,565 100.0 %

Note D - Leases (Tables)

Note D - Leases (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes Tables
Lease, Cost [Table Text Block]	Year ended December 31, Year ended December 31, 2023 2022 Operating lease expense $ 1,146 $ 1,161 Financing lease expense 27 32 Short Term lease expense 22 27 Total lease expense $ 1,195 $ 1,220 December 31, December 31, 2023 2022 Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term (Years) - operating leases 5.10 6.16 Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term (Years) - financing leases — 0.83 Weighted Average Discount Rate - operating leases 3.30 % 3.21 % Weighted Average Discount Rate - financing leases — 5.00 % Year ended December 31, Year ended December 31, 2023 2022 Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from operating leases 1,250 1,234 Operating cash flows from financing lease 2 4 Financing cash flows from financing lease 63 19 Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities - —
Lessee, Operating and Finance Lease, Liability, Maturity [Table Text Block]	Operating Financing Total 2024 $ 1,330 $ — $ 1,330 2025 1,307 — 1,307 2026 1,106 — 1,106 2027 1,092 — 1,092 2028 1,093 — 1,093 2029 and thereafter 463 — 463 Total lease payments $ 6,391 $ — $ 6,391 Less imputed interest (516 ) — (516 ) Present value $ 5,875 $ — $ 5,875

Note E - Cash, Cash Equivalen_2

Note E - Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes Tables
Schedule of Cash and Cash Equivalents [Table Text Block]	December 31, December 31, 2023 2022 Cash and cash equivalents $ 45,366 $ 24,685 Restricted cash 9,731 10,902 Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in the statement of cash flows $ 55,097 $ 35,587

Note F - Earnings Per Share (Ta

Note F - Earnings Per Share (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes Tables
Schedule of Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted [Table Text Block]	Year ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Numerator: Net loss $ (56,048 ) $ (66,397 ) $ (54,162 ) Denominator: Weighted average shares used to compute net loss per share Basic 31,944 27,846 26,912 Effect of dilutive options and restricted stock units — — — Diluted 31,944 27,846 26,912 Net loss per share Basic $ (1.75 ) $ (2.38 ) $ (2.01 ) Diluted $ (1.75 ) $ (2.38 ) $ (2.01 )
Schedule of Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Table Text Block]	As of December 31, 2023 2022 Employee stock options - - Restricted stock units 1,167 1 Shares for convertible senior notes 5,264 4,587 Total antidilutive shares 6,431 4,588

Note G - Inventories (Tables)

Note G - Inventories (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes Tables
Schedule of Inventory, Current [Table Text Block]	As of December 31, 2023 2022 Raw materials $ 22,128 $ 25,732 Work in process and sub-assemblies 33,792 39,563 Finished goods 22,452 26,794 Allowance for Inventory (14,506 ) (12,410 ) Total inventory $ 63,866 $ 79,679

Note H - Property, Plant and _2

Note H - Property, Plant and Equipment (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes Tables
Property, Plant and Equipment [Table Text Block]	December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Land improvements $ 806 $ 806 Building and improvements 86,534 86,372 Machinery and equipment 257,842 251,216 Furniture and fixtures 5,449 5,382 Computer equipment and software 12,059 11,713 Transportation equipment 673 679 363,363 356,168 Less accumulated depreciation and amortization (194,086 ) (177,519 ) 169,277 178,649 Construction in progress 29,939 30,434 Land 1,101 1,101 Total property, plant and equipment, net $ 200,317 $ 210,184

Note I - Intangible Assets, N_2

Note I - Intangible Assets, Net (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes Tables
Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Table Text Block]	December 31, 2023 Gross Accumulated Intangible Amount amortization assets, net Patents $ 9,502 $ (5,981 ) $ 3,521 Trademarks 138 (31 ) $ 107 Total intangible assets $ 9,640 $ (6,012 ) $ 3,628 December 31, 2022 Gross Accumulated Intangible Amount amortization assets, net Patents $ 8,994 $ (5,330 ) $ 3,664 Trademarks 56 (21 ) 35 Total intangible assets $ 9,050 $ (5,351 ) $ 3,699
Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Future Amortization Expense [Table Text Block]	December 31, 2023 2024 $ 683 2025 683 2026 683 2027 683 2028 683 2029 213 thereafter - Total $ 3,628

Note J - Fair Value of Financ_2

Note J - Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes Tables
Schedule of Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis [Table Text Block]	Quoted prices Significant in active other markets for observable Significant identical remaining unobservable assets (Level 1) inputs (Level 2) inputs (Level 3) Total Assets: Cash and cash equivalents $ 45,366 $ — $ — $ 45,366 Restricted cash 9,731 — — 9,731 Note receivable — 219 — 219 Total assets $ 55,097 $ 219 $ — $ 55,316 Liabilities: Bank acceptance payable — $ 15,482 — $ 15,482 Convertible senior notes — 76,519 — 76,519 Total liabilities $ — $ 92,001 $ — $ 92,001 Quoted prices Significant in active other markets for observable Significant identical remaining unobservable assets (Level 1) inputs (Level 2) inputs (Level 3) Total Assets: Cash and cash equivalents $ 24,685 $ — $ — $ 24,685 Restricted cash 10,902 — — 10,902 Note receivable — 339 — 339 Total assets $ 35,587 $ 339 $ — $ 35,926 Liabilities: Bank acceptance payable — $ 12,337 — $ 12,337 Convertible senior notes — 58,314 — 58,314 Total liabilities $ — $ 70,651 $ — $ 70,651

Note K - Notes Payable and Lo_2

Note K - Notes Payable and Long-term Debt (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes Tables
Schedule of Debt [Table Text Block]	December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Revolving line of credit with a U.S. bank up to $ 27.8 8.984 12/14/2023 11/16/2025 — $ 25,000 Revolving line of credit with a China bank up to $ 19.04 4.57 6.12 May 24, 2024 12,608 13,102 Credit facility with a China bank up to $ 26.65 4.45 6.6 June 6, 2027 10,589 20,140 Sub-total 23,197 58,242 Less debt issuance costs, net — (1,168 ) Grand total 23,197 57,074 Less current portion (23,197 ) (57,074 ) Non-current portion $ - $ - Bank Acceptance Notes Payable Bank acceptance notes issued to vendors with a zero percent interest rate $ 15,482 $ 12,337

Note L - Convertible Senior N_2

Note L - Convertible Senior Notes (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes Tables
Convertible Debt [Table Text Block]	December 31, 2023 Principal $ 80,214 Unamortized debt issuance costs (3,981 ) Net carrying amount $ 76,233
Interest Income and Interest Expense Disclosure [Table Text Block]	Year ended December 31, 2023 2022 Contractual interest expense $ 4,039 $ 4,025 Amortization of debt issuance costs 849 826 Total interest cost $ 4,888 $ 4,851 Effective interest rate 5.1 % 5.1 %

Note M - Accrued Liabilities (T

Note M - Accrued Liabilities (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes Tables
Schedule of Accrued Liabilities [Table Text Block]	December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Accrued payroll $ 12,146 $ 9,702 Accrued employee benefits 3,376 3,265 Accrued state and local taxes 745 588 Accrued interest 341 1,597 Accrued shipping and tariff expenses 27 — Advance payments 187 216 Accrued commission 649 937 Accrued professional fees 270 409 Accrued product warranty 255 140 Accrued other 553 368 Total accrued liabilities $ 18,549 $ 17,222

Note N - Other Income and Exp_2

Note N - Other Income and Expense (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes Tables
Schedule of Other Nonoperating Income (Expense) [Table Text Block]	Year ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Foreign exchange transaction gain (loss) $ 711 $ (1,488 ) $ 454 Government subsidy income 937 160 1,345 Other non-operating gain(loss) (7,468 ) 76 129 Loan forgiveness — — 6,229 Gain (loss) on disposal of assets (51 ) 47 (1 ) Total other gain (loss), net $ (5,871 ) $ (1,205 ) $ 8,156

Note O - Income Taxes (Tables)

Note O - Income Taxes (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes Tables
Schedule of Income before Income Tax, Domestic and Foreign [Table Text Block]	Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Domestic $ (52,886 ) $ (45,404 ) $ (21,229 ) Foreign (3,153 ) (20,992 ) (32,931 ) Total loss before income taxes $ (56,039 ) $ (66,396 ) $ (54,160 )
Schedule of Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit) [Table Text Block]	Current: 2023 2022 2021 Federal $ — $ — $ — State 1 1 2 Foreign 8 — — Total $ 9 $ 1 $ 2 Deferred: Federal $ — $ — $ — State — — — Foreign — — — Total $ — $ — $ — Income tax (benefit) expense $ 9 $ 1 $ 2
Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities [Table Text Block]	2023 2022 NOL carryforward $ 49,469 $ 47,901 Inventory reserves 3,195 2,892 Unrealized gains and losses 355 363 Share-based compensation 1,013 914 Foreign tax credit 4,599 4,599 Research and development credits 10,998 10,505 Capitalized research and development 8,717 Interest 5,659 3,966 ASC 842 Assets 1,561 1,602 Other 941 776 Deferred tax assets 86,507 73,518 Less valuation allowance (78,124 ) (69,680 ) Deferred tax assets, net 8,383 3,838 Depreciation and amortization (6,992 ) (2,441 ) ASC 842 Liabilities (1,391 ) (1,397 ) Deferred tax liabilities (8,383 ) (3,838 ) Deferred tax assets, net $ — $ —
Summary of Valuation Allowance [Table Text Block]	2023 2022 2021 Beginning Balance, January 1 $ 69,680 $ 57,721 $ 43,462 Change charged to expense/(income) 8,755 14,196 13,822 Change charged to currency translation adjustment (311 ) (2,237 ) 437 Ending Balance, December 31 $ 78,124 $ 69,680 $ 57,721
Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation [Table Text Block]	2023 2022 2021 Expected taxes at statutory rate $ (11,768 ) $ (13,943 ) $ (11,374 ) PPP loan forgiveness — — (1,308 ) Non-deductible/non-taxable items 57 33 897 Global intangible low-taxed incom 2,568 Foreign rate differences 242 552 107 Foreign permanent differences (1,212 ) (1,407 ) (1,320 ) Changes in valuation allowance 8,755 14,196 13,822 Share-based compensation 729 879 468 Research and development credits (492 ) (626 ) (872 ) Extinguishment of debt 1,580 — — Foreign other — — — Other, net (450 ) 317 (418 ) Tax (benefit) expense $ 9 $ 1 $ 2
Schedule of Unrecognized Tax Benefits Roll Forward [Table Text Block]	2023 2022 2021 Unrecognized tax benefits — January 1 $ 181 $ 181 $ 181 Gross increases — tax positions in prior period — — — Gross decreases — tax positions in prior period — — — Unrecognized tax benefits — December 31 $ 181 $ 181 $ 181

Note P - Share-based Compensa_2

Note P - Share-based Compensation (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes Tables
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Option, Activity [Table Text Block]	Weighted Weighted Weighted Average Average Average Share Price Weighted Remaining Aggregate Number of Exercise on Date of Average Contractual Intrinsic shares Price Exercise Fair Value Life Value (in thousands, except price data) Outstanding, January 1, 2023 263 $ 10.41 $ 5.45 0.71 $ — Exercised (48 ) 11.33 16.23 5.81 0.03 237 Forfeited (214 ) 10.18 5.36 1,955 Outstanding, December 31, 2023 1 13.84 7.12 0.08 8 Exercisable, December 31, 2023 1 13.84 7.12 0.08 8 Vested and expected to vest 1 13.84 7.12 0.08 8
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Performance Shares, Activity [Table Text Block]	Weighted Average Share Weighted Aggregate Number of Price on Date Average Fair Intrinsic shares of Release Value Value (in thousands, except price data) Outstanding at January 1, 2023 766 $ 6.75 $ 1,447 Granted 767 8.89 3,566 Released — — — Cancelled/Forfeited — — — Outstanding, December 31, 2023 1,533 7.82 29,610 Vested and expected to vest 1,533 7.82 29,610
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Restricted Stock Unit, Activity [Table Text Block]	Weighted Average Share Weighted Aggregate Number of Price on Date Average Fair Intrinsic shares of Release Value Value (in thousands, except price data) Outstanding at January 1, 2023 2,209 $ 5.76 $ 4,176 Granted 2,200 4.76 10,449 Released (1,397 ) $ 5.61 6.15 7,833 Cancelled/Forfeited (139 ) 3.91 2,692 Outstanding, December 31, 2023 2,873 4.89 55,507 Vested and expected to vest 2,873 4.89 55,507
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Table Text Block]	2023 2022 2021 Cost of goods sold $ 524 $ 488 $ 885 Research and development 1,492 1,332 2,173 Sales and marketing 1,110 857 1,115 General and administrative 8,758 6,923 7,948 Total share-based compensation expense $ 11,884 $ 9,600 $ 12,121

Note Q - Stockholders' Equity (

Note Q - Stockholders' Equity (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes Tables
Schedule of Stock Sold in Offering [Table Text Block]	Distribution Agent Month Weighted Average Per Share Price Number of Shares Sold Net Proceeds Compensation to Distribution Agent Raymond James & Associates, Inc. Feb 2023 $ 2.811 158 $ 436 $ 9 Raymond James & Associates, Inc. Jun 2023 4.036 2,497 9,879 202 Raymond James & Associates, Inc. Aug 2023 11.645 1,150 13,124 268 Raymond James & Associates, Inc. Sept 2023 10.184 892 8,901 182 Raymond James & Associates, Inc. Oct 2023 11.003 1,043 11,244 229 Raymond James & Associates, Inc. Nov 2023 12.572 2,068 25,473 520 Total 7,808 $ 69,057 $ 1,410

Note R - Segment and Geograph_2

Note R - Segment and Geographic Information (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes Tables
Revenue from External Customers by Geographic Areas [Table Text Block]	Year ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Revenues: United States $ 30,798 $ 7,423 $ 14,633 Taiwan 143,528 164,144 99,201 China 43,320 51,251 97,731 $ 217,646 $ 222,818 $ 211,565
Long-Lived Assets by Geographic Areas [Table Text Block]	As of December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Long-lived assets: United States $ 75,283 $ 80,048 $ 87,709 Taiwan 47,668 50,777 63,644 China 91,050 93,888 108,509 $ 214,001 $ 224,713 $ 259,862

Note B - Summary of Significa_3

Note B - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details Textual) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Cash and Cash Equivalents, at Carrying Value	$ 45,366	$ 24,685
Cash, Uninsured Amount	36,800
Asset Impairment Charges	0	0	$ 0
Product Warranty Accrual, Current	255	140
Advertising Expense	$ 800	$ 800	$ 100
Minimum [Member]
Product Warranty Extension Period (Year)			3 years
Maximum [Member]
Product Warranty Extension Period (Year)			5 years
Patents [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life (Year)	10 years
Patents [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life (Year)	20 years
Customer Concentration Risk [Member] | Revenue Benchmark [Member]
Number of Customers	5	5	5
Customer Concentration Risk [Member] | Revenue Benchmark [Member] | Five Customers [Member]
Concentration Risk, Percentage	85.60%	78.20%	67%
Customer Concentration Risk [Member] | Revenue Benchmark [Member] | Microsoft [Member]
Concentration Risk, Percentage	46.60%	18.40%
Customer Concentration Risk [Member] | Revenue Benchmark [Member] | ATX Networks Corporation [Member]
Concentration Risk, Percentage	15.60%	47.30%
Customer Concentration Risk [Member] | Revenue Benchmark [Member] | Digicomm [Member]
Concentration Risk, Percentage	11.30%
Customer Concentration Risk [Member] | Accounts Receivable [Member]
Number of Customers	5
Customer Concentration Risk [Member] | Accounts Receivable [Member] | Five Customers [Member]
Concentration Risk, Percentage	75.40%	86.90%
Customer Concentration Risk [Member] | Accounts Receivable [Member] | ATX Networks Corporation [Member]
Concentration Risk, Percentage	21.40%	64.90%
Customer Concentration Risk [Member] | Accounts Receivable [Member] | Digicomm [Member]
Concentration Risk, Percentage	35.20%
Non-US [Member]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, at Carrying Value	$ 17,700	$ 17,500

Note B - Summary of Significa_4

Note B - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Property, Plant and Equipment (Details)	Dec. 31, 2023
Land Improvements [Member]
Useful lives (Year)	10 years
Vehicles [Member]
Useful lives (Year)	5 years
Minimum [Member] | Building [Member]
Useful lives (Year)	20 years
Minimum [Member] | Machinery and Equipment [Member]
Useful lives (Year)	2 years
Minimum [Member] | Furniture and Fixtures [Member]
Useful lives (Year)	3 years
Minimum [Member] | Computer Equipment and Software [Member]
Useful lives (Year)	3 years
Maximum [Member] | Building [Member]
Useful lives (Year)	42 years
Maximum [Member] | Machinery and Equipment [Member]
Useful lives (Year)	20 years
Maximum [Member] | Furniture and Fixtures [Member]
Useful lives (Year)	7 years
Maximum [Member] | Computer Equipment and Software [Member]
Useful lives (Year)	10 years

Note B - Summary of Significa_5

Note B - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Product Warrant Liability (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Balance	$ 140	$ 263
Warranty costs incurred	(44)	(85)
Provision for warranty	159	(38)
Balance	$ 255	$ 140

Note C - Revenue Recognition (D

Note C - Revenue Recognition (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Contract with Customer, Liability	$ 1,803	$ 3,000

Note C - Revenue Recognition -

Note C - Revenue Recognition - Changes in Unearned Revenue (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Unearned Revenue, beginning of period	$ 1,803	$ 3,000
Additional Unearned Revenue	12,608	$ 3,000
Revenue recognized	$ 13,805

Note C - Revenue Recognition _2

Note C - Revenue Recognition - Revenue by Major Product Category (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Revenue, net	$ 217,646	$ 222,818	$ 211,565
Percent of Revenue	100%	100%	100%
CATV [Member]
Revenue, net	$ 59,942	$ 118,169	$ 94,266
Percent of Revenue	27.50%	53%	44.60%
Data Center [Member]
Revenue, net	$ 141,213	$ 77,094	$ 97,461
Percent of Revenue	64.90%	34.60%	46.10%
Telecom [Member]
Revenue, net	$ 13,831	$ 24,727	$ 16,247
Percent of Revenue	6.40%	11.10%	7.70%
FTTH [Member]
Revenue, net	$ 56	$ 129	$ 957
Percent of Revenue	0%	0.10%	0.50%
Product and Service, Other [Member]
Revenue, net	$ 2,604	$ 2,699	$ 2,634
Percent of Revenue	1.20%	1.20%	1.20%

Note D - Leases (Details Textua

Note D - Leases (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Lease, Cost	$ 1,195	$ 1,220
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses [Member]
Lease, Cost	$ 1,200	$ 1,200	$ 1,300

Note D - Leases - Components of

Note D - Leases - Components of Lease Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Operating lease expense	$ 1,146	$ 1,161
Financing lease expense	27	32
Short Term lease expense	22	27
Total lease expense	$ 1,195	$ 1,220
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term (Years) - operating leases (Year)	5 years 1 month 6 days	6 years 1 month 28 days
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term (Years) - financing leases (Year)		9 months 29 days
Weighted Average Discount Rate - operating leases	3.30%	3.21%
Weighted Average Discount Rate - financing leases	0%	5%
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$ 1,250	$ 1,234
Operating cash flows from financing lease	2	4
Financing cash flows from financing lease	63	19	$ 18
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	$ 0	$ 0

Note D - Leases - Maturities of

Note D - Leases - Maturities of Lease Liabilities (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
2024, Operating Lease	$ 1,330
2024, Financing Lease	0
2024, total	1,330
2025, Operating Lease	1,307
2025, Financing Lease	0
2025, total	1,307
2026, Operating Lease	1,106
2026, Financing Lease	0
2026, total	1,106
2027, Operating Lease	1,092
2027, Financing Lease	0
2027, total	1,092
2028, Operating Lease	1,093
2028, Financing Lease	0
2028, total	1,093
2028 and thereafter, Operating Lease	463
2028 and thereafter, Financing Lease	0
2028 and thereafter, total	463
Total operating lease payments	6,391
Total financing lease payments, finance leases	0
Total lease payments, total	6,391
Less imputed interest, operating leases	(516)
Less imputed interest, financing leases	0
Less imputed interest, total	(516)
Present value, operating leases	5,875
Present value, financing leases	0
Present value, total	$ 5,875

Note E - Cash, Cash Equivalen_3

Note E - Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Current	$ 9,731	$ 10,902
CHINA
Certificates of Deposit, at Carrying Value	2,500	1,100
Bankers Acceptance [Member]
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Current	6,500	8,700
Guarantee Deposits for Customs Duties [Member]
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Current	$ 700	$ 1,000

Note E - Cash, Cash Equivalen_4

Note E - Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash - Summary of Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 45,366	$ 24,685
Restricted cash	9,731	10,902
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in the statement of cash flows	$ 55,097	$ 35,587

Note F - Earnings Per Share - C

Note F - Earnings Per Share - Computation of Basic and Diluted Net Income (Loss) per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Net loss	$ (56,048)	$ (66,397)	$ (54,162)
Basic (in shares)	31,944,259	27,846,387	26,912,141
Effect of dilutive options and restricted stock units (in shares)	0	0	0
Diluted (in shares)	31,944,259	27,846,387	26,912,141
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ (1.75)	$ (2.38)	$ (2.01)
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (1.75)	$ (2.38)	$ (2.01)

Note F - Earnings Per Share - P

Note F - Earnings Per Share - Potentially Dilutive Securities Excluded from Diluted Net Income (Loss) per Share (Details) - shares shares in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Total antidilutive share (in shares)	6,431	4,588
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Option [Member]
Total antidilutive share (in shares)	0	0
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]
Total antidilutive share (in shares)	1,167	1
Convertible Debt Securities [Member]
Total antidilutive share (in shares)	5,264	4,587

Note G - Inventories (Details T

Note G - Inventories (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Inventory, LIFO Reserve, Period Charge	$ 8,728	$ 4,900	$ 3,889
Inventory Write-down	$ 10,600	$ 10,400	$ 16,800

Note G - Inventories - Inventor

Note G - Inventories - Inventories (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Raw materials	$ 22,128	$ 25,732
Work in process and sub-assemblies	33,792	39,563
Finished goods	22,452	26,794
Allowance for Inventory	(14,506)	(12,410)
Total inventory	$ 63,866	$ 79,679

Note H - Property, Plant and _3

Note H - Property, Plant and Equipment (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Depreciation	$ 19,700	$ 22,600	$ 24,800
Interest Paid, Capitalized, Investing Activities	$ 0	$ 200	$ 900

Note H - Property, Plant and _4

Note H - Property, Plant and Equipment - Property, Plant and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Property, plant and equipment, gross	$ 363,363	$ 356,168
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization	(194,086)	(177,519)
Property, plant and equipment, net before construction in progress and land	169,277	178,649
Property, plant and equipment, net	200,317	210,184
Land Improvements [Member]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	806	806
Building and Building Improvements [Member]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	86,534	86,372
Machinery and Equipment [Member]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	257,842	251,216
Furniture and Fixtures [Member]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	5,449	5,382
Computer Equipment and Software [Member]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	12,059	11,713
Vehicles [Member]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	673	679
Construction in Progress [Member]
Property, plant and equipment, net	29,939	30,434
Land [Member]
Property, plant and equipment, net	$ 1,101	$ 1,101

Note I - Intangible Assets, N_3

Note I - Intangible Assets, Net (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Amortization of Intangible Assets	$ 0.7	$ 0.6	$ 0.5
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Remaining Amortization Period (Year)	6 years

Note I - Intangible Assets, N_4

Note I - Intangible Assets, Net - Finite-lived Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Intangible assets, gross amount	$ 9,640	$ 9,050
Intangible assets, accumulated amortization	(6,012)	(5,351)
Intangible assets, net	3,628	3,699
Patents [Member]
Intangible assets, gross amount	9,502	8,994
Intangible assets, accumulated amortization	(5,981)	(5,330)
Intangible assets, net	3,521	3,664
Trademarks [Member]
Intangible assets, gross amount	138	56
Intangible assets, accumulated amortization	(31)	(21)
Intangible assets, net	$ 107	$ 35

Note I - Intangible Assets, N_5

Note I - Intangible Assets, Net - Future Amortization Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
2024	$ 683
2025	683
2026	683
2027	683
2028	683
2029	213
thereafter	0
Total	$ 3,628	$ 3,699

Note J - Fair Value of Financ_3

Note J - Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Financial Instruments Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Details) - Fair Value, Recurring [Member] - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 45,366	$ 24,685
Restricted cash	9,731	10,902
Note receivable	219	339
Total assets	55,316	35,926
Bank acceptance payable	15,482	12,337
Convertible senior notes	76,519	58,314
Total liabilities	92,001	70,651
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Cash and cash equivalents	45,366	24,685
Restricted cash	9,731	10,902
Note receivable	0	0
Total assets	55,097	35,587
Bank acceptance payable	0	0
Convertible senior notes	0	0
Total liabilities	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Cash and cash equivalents	0	0
Restricted cash	0	0
Note receivable	219	339
Total assets	219	339
Bank acceptance payable	15,482	12,337
Convertible senior notes	76,519	58,314
Total liabilities	92,001	70,651
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Cash and cash equivalents	0	0
Restricted cash	0	0
Note receivable	0	0
Total assets	0	0
Bank acceptance payable	0	0
Convertible senior notes	0	0
Total liabilities	$ 0	$ 0

Note K - Notes Payable and Lo_3

Note K - Notes Payable and Long-term Debt (Details Textual) $ in Thousands	Nov. 16, 2022 USD ($)	Jun. 07, 2022 USD ($)	May 24, 2019 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Jan. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Jun. 07, 2022 CNY (¥)	May 24, 2019 CNY (¥)	May 08, 2019 USD ($)	May 07, 2019 CNY (¥)	Apr. 30, 2019 CNY (¥)
Debt Instrument, Unused Borrowing Capacity, Amount				$ 22,500		$ 13,300
Cash Collateral for Borrowed Securities				9,700		9,900
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | CIT Northbridge Credit, LLC [Member] | Loan Security and Guarantee Agreement [Member]
Debt Instrument, Term (Year)	3 years
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity	$ 27,780			27,800		27,800
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | CIT Northbridge Credit, LLC [Member] | Loan Security and Guarantee Agreement [Member] | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) [Member]
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate, Monthly Usage Less Than 50 Percentage	3.75%
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate	4.75%
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | SPD Bank [Member]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity				19,040		19,040
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | SPD Bank [Member] | The SPD Credit Line [Member] | Global Technology, Inc. [Member]
Debt Instrument, Term (Year)			5 years
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity			$ 25,400					¥ 180,000,000
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | SPD Bank [Member] | The SPD 30M Credit Facility [Member] | Global Technology, Inc. [Member]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity | ¥										¥ 30,000,000
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | SPD Bank [Member] | The SPD 9.9M Credit Facility [Member] | Global Technology, Inc. [Member]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity | ¥											¥ 9,900,000
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | SPD Bank [Member] | The SPD 2.0M Credit Facility [Member] | Global Technology, Inc. [Member]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity									$ 2,000
Long-Term Line of Credit					$ 12,600
Bank Acceptances Executed					$ 12,500
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | China Zheshang Bank Co., Ltd [Member] | The ¥50M Credit Facility [Member] | Global Technology, Inc. [Member]
Debt Instrument, Term (Year)		5 years
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | China Zheshang Bank Co., Ltd [Member] | The ¥200M Credit Facility [Member]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity				26,650		$ 26,650
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | China Zheshang Bank Co., Ltd [Member] | The ¥200M Credit Facility [Member] | Global Technology, Inc. [Member]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity		$ 29,900					¥ 200,000,000
Long-Term Line of Credit				10,600
Bank Acceptances Executed				$ 2,900

Note K - Notes Payable and Lo_4

Note K - Notes Payable and Long-term Debt - Schedule of Notes Payable and Long-term Debt (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Long-term debt	$ 23,197	$ 58,242
Less debt issuance costs, net	0	(1,168)
Grand total	23,197	57,074
Less current portion	(23,197)	(57,074)
Non-current portion	0	0
Bank acceptance notes issued to vendors with a zero percent interest rate	15,482	12,337
CIT Northbridge Credit, LLC [Member] | Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Loan Security and Guarantee Agreement [Member]
Long-term debt	0	25,000
SPD Bank [Member] | Revolving Credit Facility [Member]
Long-term debt	12,608	13,102
China Zheshang Bank Co., Ltd [Member] | Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | The ¥200M Credit Facility [Member]
Long-term debt	$ 10,589	$ 20,140

Note K - Notes Payable and Lo_5

Note K - Notes Payable and Long-term Debt - Schedule of Notes Payable and Long-term Debt (Details) (Parentheticals) - Revolving Credit Facility [Member] - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Nov. 16, 2022
CIT Northbridge Credit, LLC [Member] | Loan Security and Guarantee Agreement [Member]
Long-term debt, maximum	$ 27,800	$ 27,800	$ 27,780
Long-term debt, interest	8.984%	8.984%
CIT Northbridge Credit, LLC [Member] | Loan Security and Guarantee Agreement [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Long-term debt, maturity date	Dec. 14, 2023	Dec. 14, 2023
CIT Northbridge Credit, LLC [Member] | Loan Security and Guarantee Agreement [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Long-term debt, maturity date	Nov. 16, 2025	Nov. 16, 2025
SPD Bank [Member]
Long-term debt, maximum	$ 19,040	$ 19,040
Long-term debt, maturity date	May 24, 2024	May 24, 2024
SPD Bank [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Long-term debt, interest	4.57%	4.57%
SPD Bank [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Long-term debt, interest	6.12%	6.12%
China Zheshang Bank Co., Ltd [Member] | The ¥200M Credit Facility [Member]
Long-term debt, maximum	$ 26,650	$ 26,650
Long-term debt, maturity date	Jun. 06, 2027	Jun. 06, 2027
China Zheshang Bank Co., Ltd [Member] | The ¥200M Credit Facility [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Long-term debt, interest	4.45%	4.45%
China Zheshang Bank Co., Ltd [Member] | The ¥200M Credit Facility [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Long-term debt, interest	6.60%	6.60%

Note L - Convertible Senior N_3

Note L - Convertible Senior Notes (Details Textual) - USD ($)	Dec. 05, 2023	Dec. 05, 2019	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Mar. 05, 2019
Common Stock, Par or Stated Value Per Share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001		$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Conversion Of 2024 Notes To Common Stock [Member]
Debt Conversion, Converted Instrument, Shares Issued (in shares)	466,368
The 5% Convertible Senior Notes Due 2024 [Member]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	$ 80,200,000		$ 80,214,000		$ 80,500,000
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage					5%
Proceeds from Convertible Debt		$ 81,100,000
Debt Instrument, Redemption Price, Percentage of Principal Amount Redeemed	100%
The 5.250% Convertible Senior Notes Due 2026 [Member]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	$ 80,200,000
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage	5.25%
Debt Conversion, Converted Instrument, Shares Issued (in shares)	65.6276
Debt Conversion, Converted Instrument, Amount	$ 1,000
Debt Instrument, Convertible, Conversion Price (in dollars per share)	$ 15.24
Debt Instrument, Convertible, Conversion Price Premium, Percentage	15%
Share Price (in dollars per share)	$ 13.25
Debt Instrument, Convertible, Threshold Percentage of Stock Price Trigger	130%
Debt Instrument, Convertible, Threshold Trading Days	20
Debt Instrument, Convertible, Threshold Consecutive Trading Days	30
Debt Instrument, Convertible, Maximum Aggregate Consideration	$ 150,000,000

Note L - Convertible Senior N_4

Note L - Convertible Senior Notes - Schedule of Carrying Value of Convertible Senior Notes (Details) - The 5% Convertible Senior Notes Due 2024 [Member] - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 05, 2023	Mar. 05, 2019
Principal	$ 80,214	$ 80,200	$ 80,500
Unamortized debt issuance costs	(3,981)
Net carrying amount	$ 76,233

Note L - Convertible Senior N_5

Note L - Convertible Senior Notes - Schedule of Interest Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Amortization of debt issuance costs	$ 2,308	$ 902	$ 865
The 5% Convertible Senior Notes Due 2024 [Member]
Contractual interest expense	4,039	4,025
Amortization of debt issuance costs	849	826
Total interest cost	$ 4,888	$ 4,851
Effective interest rate	5.10%	5.10%

Note M - Accrued Liabilities -

Note M - Accrued Liabilities - Accrued Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Accrued payroll	$ 12,146	$ 9,702
Accrued employee benefits	3,376	3,265
Accrued state and local taxes	745	588
Accrued interest	341	1,597
Accrued shipping and tariff expenses	27	0
Advance payments	187	216
Accrued commission	649	937
Accrued professional fees	270	409
Accrued product warranty	255	140
Accrued other	553	368
Total accrued liabilities	$ 18,549	$ 17,222

Note N - Other Income and Exp_3

Note N - Other Income and Expense - Other Income and Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Foreign exchange transaction gain (loss)	$ 711	$ (1,488)	$ 454
Government subsidy income	937	160	1,345
Other non-operating gain(loss)	(7,468)	76	129
Loan forgiveness	0	0	6,229
Gain (loss) on disposal of assets	(51)	47	(1)
Total other gain (loss), net	$ (5,871)	$ (1,205)	$ 8,156

Note O - Income Taxes (Details

Note O - Income Taxes (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ / shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended			37 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Nov. 30, 2011	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Deferred Tax Assets, Operating Loss Carryforwards	$ 49,469	$ 47,901
Deferred Tax Assets, in Process Research and Development	10,998	10,505
Deferred Tax Assets, Tax Credit Carryforwards, Foreign	4,599	4,599
Deferred Tax Assets, Valuation Allowance	$ 78,124	69,680	$ 69,680		$ 57,721	$ 43,462
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, at Federal Statutory Income Tax Rate, Percent	21%
Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Ending Balance	$ 181	181	181		181
Income Tax Examination, Penalties and Interest Accrued, Total		0			$ 0
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, PPP Loan Forgiveness, Amount	0	0	(1,308)
Undistributed Earnings of Foreign Subsidiaries		0
Global Technology, Inc. [Member]
Income Tax Holiday, Aggregate Dollar Amount	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0
Income Tax Holiday, Income Tax Benefits Per Share (in dollars per share)	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0
State Administration of Taxation, China [Member]
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, at Federal Statutory Income Tax Rate, Percent		25%
State Administration of Taxation, China [Member] | Global Technology, Inc. [Member]
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, at Federal Statutory Income Tax Rate, Percent				15%
TAIWAN
Operating Loss Carryforwards	$ 73,700
Operating Loss Carryforwards, Carryforward Period (Year)	10 years
CHINA
Operating Loss Carryforwards	$ 66,900
Operating Loss Carryforwards, Carryforward Period (Year)	10 years
Domestic Tax Authority [Member]
Deferred Tax Assets, Operating Loss Carryforwards	$ 112,000
Deferred Tax Assets, Operating Loss Carryforwards, Subject to Expiration	32,700
Deferred Tax Assets, Operating Loss Carryforwards, Not Subject to Expiration	$ 79,300
Open Tax Year	2020 2021 2022 2023
State and Local Jurisdiction [Member]
Deferred Tax Assets, in Process Research and Development	$ 11,000
Open Tax Year	2020 2021 2022 2023
Foreign Tax Authority [Member]
Deferred Tax Assets, Tax Credit Carryforwards, Foreign	$ 4,600
Open Tax Year	2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023

Note O - Income Taxes - Income

Note O - Income Taxes - Income (Loss) from Operations Before Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Domestic	$ (52,886)	$ (45,404)	$ (21,229)
Foreign	(3,153)	(20,992)	(32,931)
Total loss before income taxes	$ (56,039)	$ (66,396)	$ (54,160)

Note O - Income Taxes - Provisi

Note O - Income Taxes - Provision for Income Tax Expense (Benefit) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Federal	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0
State	1	1	2
Foreign	8	0	0
Total	9	1	2
Federal	0	0	0
State	0	0	0
Foreign	0	0	0
Total	0	0	0
Income tax (benefit) expense	$ 9	$ 1	$ 2

Note O - Income Taxes - Net Def

Note O - Income Taxes - Net Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
NOL carryforward	$ 49,469	$ 47,901
Inventory reserves	3,195	2,892
Unrealized gains and losses	355	363
Share-based compensation	1,013	914
Foreign tax credit	4,599	4,599
Research and development credits	10,998	10,505
Capitalized research and development	8,717
Interest	5,659	3,966
ASC 842 Assets	1,561	1,602
Other	941	776
Deferred tax assets	86,507	73,518
Less valuation allowance	(78,124)	(69,680)	$ (69,680)	$ (57,721)	$ (43,462)
Deferred tax assets, net	8,383	3,838
Depreciation and amortization	(6,992)	(2,441)
ASC 842 Liabilities	(1,391)	(1,397)
Deferred tax liabilities	(8,383)	(3,838)
Deferred tax assets (liabilities), net	$ 0	$ 0

Note O - Income Taxes - Summary

Note O - Income Taxes - Summary of Valuation of Allowance (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Balance	$ 69,680	$ 57,721	$ 43,462
Change charged to expense/(income)	8,755	14,196	13,822
Change charged to currency translation adjustment	(311)	(2,237)	437
Balance	$ 78,124	$ 69,680	$ 57,721

Note O - Income Taxes - Reconci

Note O - Income Taxes - Reconciliation of the U.S. Federal Income Tax Rate (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Expected taxes at statutory rate	$ (11,768)	$ (13,943)	$ (11,374)
PPP loan forgiveness	0	0	(1,308)
Non-deductible/non-taxable items	57	33	897
Global intangible low-taxed incom	2,568
Foreign rate differences	242	552	107
Foreign permanent differences	(1,212)	(1,407)	(1,320)
Changes in valuation allowance	8,755	14,196	13,822
Share-based compensation	729	879	468
Research and development credits	(492)	(626)	(872)
Extinguishment of debt	1,580	0	0
Foreign other	0	0	0
Other, net	(450)	317	(418)
Income tax (benefit) expense	$ 9	$ 1	$ 2

Note O - Income Taxes - Unrecog

Note O - Income Taxes - Unrecognized Tax Benefits (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Unrecognized tax benefits	$ 181	$ 181	$ 181
Gross increases — tax positions in prior period	0	0	0
Gross decreases — tax positions in prior period	0	0	0
Unrecognized tax benefits	$ 181	$ 181	$ 181

Note P - Share-based Compensa_3

Note P - Share-based Compensation (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Option, Cost Not yet Recognized, Amount	$ 0
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expense	$ 11,884	$ 9,600	$ 12,121
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Option [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Award Vesting Period (Year)	4 years
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Expiration Period (Year)	10 years
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Option [Member] | Exercisable on the First Anniversary Date Following the Date of Grant [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Award Vesting Rights, Percentage	25%
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Option [Member] | Exercisable on Semi-annual Basis [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Award Vesting Rights, Percentage	12.50%
Performance Shares [Member]
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Option, Cost Not yet Recognized, Amount	$ 6,600
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expense	$ 3,000	$ 1,700
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Cost Not yet Recognized, Period for Recognition (Year)	2 years 1 month 6 days
Performance Shares [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Sharebased Compensation Arrangement By Sharebased Payment Award Performance Award Value Percentage Of Based Amount	0%
Performance Shares [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Sharebased Compensation Arrangement By Sharebased Payment Award Performance Award Value Percentage Of Based Amount	200%
Performance Shares [Member] | Vesting on the Third Anniversary [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Award Vesting Rights, Percentage	100%
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Option, Cost Not yet Recognized, Amount	$ 12,100
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Cost Not yet Recognized, Period for Recognition (Year)	2 years 4 months 28 days

Note P - Share-based Compensa_4

Note P - Share-based Compensation - Option Activity (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Jan. 01, 2023
Outstanding, number of shares (in shares)	263
Outstanding, weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 10.41
Outstanding, weighted average fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 5.45
Outstanding, weighted average remaining contractual life (Year)	29 days	8 months 15 days
Outstanding, aggregate intrinsic value	$ 8		$ 0
Exercised, number of shares (in shares)	(48)
Exercised, weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 11.33
Exercised, weighted average share price on date of exercise (in dollars per share)	16.23
Exercised, weighted average fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 5.81
Exercised, aggregate intrinsic value	$ 237
Forfeited, number of shares (in shares)	(214)
Forfeited, weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 10.18
Forfeited, weighted average fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 5.36
Forfeited, aggregate intrinsic value	$ 1,955
Outstanding, number of shares (in shares)	1	263
Outstanding, weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 13.84	$ 10.41
Outstanding, weighted average fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 7.12	$ 5.45
Exercisable, number of shares (in shares)	1
Exercisable, weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 13.84
Exercisable, weighted average fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 7.12
Exercisable, weighted average remaining contractual life (Year)	29 days
Exercisable, aggregate intrinsic value	$ 8
Vested and expected to vest, number of shares (in shares)	1
Vested and expected to vest, weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 13.84
Vested and expected to vest, weighted average fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 7.12
Vested and expected to vest, weighted average remaining contractual life (Year)	29 days
Vested and expected to vest, aggregate intrinsic value	$ 8

Note P - Share-based Compensa_5

Note P - Share-based Compensation - Performance Stock Unit/Awards Activity (Details) - Performance Shares [Member] $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Outstanding, number of shares (in shares) | shares	766
Outstanding, weighted average fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 6.75
Outstanding, aggregate intrinsic value | $	$ 1,447
Granted, number of shares (in shares) | shares	767
Granted, weighted average fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 8.89
Granted, aggregate intrinsic value | $	$ 3,566
Released, number of shares (in shares) | shares	0
Released, weighted average share price on date of release (in dollars per share)
Released, weighted average fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 0
Released, aggregate intrinsic value | $	$ 0
Cancelled/Forfeited, number of shares (in shares) | shares	0
Cancelled/Forfeited, weighted average fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 0
Cancelled/Forfeited, aggregate intrinsic value | $	$ 0
Outstanding, number of shares (in shares) | shares	1,533
Outstanding, weighted average fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 7.82
Outstanding, aggregate intrinsic value | $	$ 29,610
Vested and expected to vest, number of shares (in shares) | shares	1,533
Vested and expected to vest, weighted average fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 7.82
Vested and expected to vest, aggregate intrinsic value | $	$ 29,610

Note P - Share-based Compensa_6

Note P - Share-based Compensation - Restricted Stock Unit/Awards Activity (Details) - Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member] $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Outstanding, number of shares (in shares) | shares	2,209
Outstanding, weighted average fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 5.76
Outstanding, aggregate intrinsic value | $	$ 4,176
Granted, number of shares (in shares) | shares	2,200
Granted, weighted average fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 4.76
Granted, aggregate intrinsic value | $	$ 10,449
Released, number of shares (in shares) | shares	(1,397)
Released, weighted average share price on date of release (in dollars per share)	$ 5.61
Released, weighted average fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 6.15
Released, aggregate intrinsic value | $	$ 7,833
Cancelled/Forfeited, number of shares (in shares) | shares	(139)
Cancelled/Forfeited, weighted average fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 3.91
Cancelled/Forfeited, aggregate intrinsic value | $	$ 2,692
Outstanding, number of shares (in shares) | shares	2,873
Outstanding, weighted average fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 4.89
Outstanding, aggregate intrinsic value | $	$ 55,507
Vested and expected to vest, number of shares (in shares) | shares	2,873
Vested and expected to vest, weighted average fair value (in dollars per share)	$ 4.89
Vested and expected to vest, aggregate intrinsic value | $	$ 55,507

Note P - Share-based Compensa_7

Note P - Share-based Compensation - Share-based Compensation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Total share-based compensation expense	$ 11,884	$ 9,600	$ 12,121
Cost of Sales [Member]
Total share-based compensation expense	524	488	885
Research and Development Expense [Member]
Total share-based compensation expense	1,492	1,332	2,173
Selling and Marketing Expense [Member]
Total share-based compensation expense	1,110	857	1,115
General and Administrative Expense [Member]
Total share-based compensation expense	$ 8,758	$ 6,923	$ 7,948

Note Q - Stockholders' Equity_2

Note Q - Stockholders' Equity (Details Textual) - USD ($)	Feb. 26, 2021	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 05, 2023	Sep. 12, 2023	Jan. 05, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Common Stock, Shares Authorized (in shares)		80,000,000				80,000,000
Preferred Stock, Shares Authorized (in shares)		5,000,000				5,000,000
Common Stock, Par or Stated Value Per Share (in dollars per share)		$ 0.001	$ 0.001			$ 0.001
Minimum [Member]
Aggregated Offering Price				$ 35,000,000
Maximum [Member]
Aggregated Offering Price				$ 70,000,000
Initial ATM Offering [Member] | Raymond James & Associates, Inc. [Member]
Common Stock, Maximum Amount to be Sold					$ 185,000,000
Second ATM Offering [Member] | Raymond James & Associates, Inc. [Member]
Common Stock, Maximum Amount to be Sold	$ 35,000,000
Common Stock, Par or Stated Value Per Share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001
Agreement, Sales Agent Compensation, Percentage of Gross Sales	2%
Agreement, Maximum Reimbursement of Expenses in Connection with Registration of Shares	$ 10,000
Agreement, Maximum Reimbursement of Out-of-pocket Expenses	$ 30,000

Note Q - Stockholders' Equity -

Note Q - Stockholders' Equity - Stock Sold in Offering (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended						12 Months Ended			34 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2023	Oct. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023	Aug. 31, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Feb. 28, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2023
Net Proceeds							$ 68,984	$ 1,238	$ 15,397
Raymond James & Associates, Inc. [Member] | Second ATM Offering [Member]
Weighted Average Per Share Price (in dollars per share)	$ 12.572	$ 11.003	$ 10.184	$ 11.645	$ 4.036	$ 2.811
Number of Shares Sold (in shares)	2,068	1,043	892	1,150	2,497	158				7,808
Net Proceeds	$ 25,473	$ 11,244	$ 8,901	$ 13,124	$ 9,879	$ 436				$ 69,057
Compensation to Distribution Agent	$ 520	$ 229	$ 182	$ 268	$ 202	$ 9				$ 1,410

Note R - Segment and Geograph_3

Note R - Segment and Geographic Information (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Number of Reportable Segments	1
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	$ 217,646	$ 222,818	$ 211,565
Percentage of Revenue	100%	100%	100%
Data Center [Member]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	$ 141,213	$ 77,094	$ 97,461
Percentage of Revenue	64.90%	34.60%	46.10%
CATV [Member]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	$ 59,942	$ 118,169	$ 94,266
Percentage of Revenue	27.50%	53%	44.60%
Telecom [Member]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	$ 13,831	$ 24,727	$ 16,247
Percentage of Revenue	6.40%	11.10%	7.70%
FTTH [Member]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	$ 56	$ 129	$ 957
Percentage of Revenue	0%	0.10%	0.50%
FTTH and Other [Member]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax			$ 2,700
Percentage of Revenue			1.20%

Note R - Segment and Geograph_4

Note R - Segment and Geographic Information - Revenue Information by Geographic Region (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Revenue, net	$ 217,646	$ 222,818	$ 211,565
UNITED STATES
Revenue, net	30,798	7,423	14,633
TAIWAN
Revenue, net	143,528	164,144	99,201
CHINA
Revenue, net	$ 43,320	$ 51,251	$ 97,731

Note R - Segment and Geograph_5

Note R - Segment and Geographic Information - Asset Information by Geographic Region (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Long-lived assets	$ 214,001	$ 224,713	$ 259,862
UNITED STATES
Long-lived assets	75,283	80,048	87,709
TAIWAN
Long-lived assets	47,668	50,777	63,644
CHINA
Long-lived assets	$ 91,050	$ 93,888	$ 108,509

Note S - Employee Benefit Pla_2

Note S - Employee Benefit Plans (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Global Technology, Inc. [Member]
Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits Cost (Reversal of Cost)	$ 1.7	$ 1	$ 1
Prime World International Holdings, Ltd. (“Prime World”) [Member]
Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits Cost (Reversal of Cost)	$ 0.5	$ 0.5	$ 0.7