UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
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þ | | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007
OR
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o | | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission file number000-51966
IdleAire Technologies Corporation
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Delaware | | 62-1829384 |
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(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | | (IRS Employer Identification No.) |
410 N. Cedar Bluff Road, Suite 200, Knoxville, Tennessee 37923
(Address of principal executive offices)
(865) 437-3600
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
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Title of each class | | Name of exchange on which registered |
None | | Not Applicable |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share
Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share
Series C Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yeso No þ
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.
Yes o No þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definition of an “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
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Large accelerated filer:o | | Accelerated filer:o | | Non-accelerated filer:o | | Smaller reporting company:þ |
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes o No þ
APPLICABLE ONLY TO ISSUERS INVOLVED IN BANKRUPTCY
PROCEEDINGS DURING THE PRECEDING FIVE YEARS
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Section 12,13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court. Yes o No o
APPLICABLE ONLY TO CORPORATE ISSUERS
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:As of March 31, 2008, the issuer had 49,492,464 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, issued and outstanding.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
The information required by Part III of this Form 10-K will be filed by amendment to this Form 10-K, within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year to which this Form 10-K relates.
IdleAire Technologies Corporation
Form 10-K
Table of Contents
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PART I | | | | |
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Item 1 — Business | | | 2 | |
Item 1A — Risk Factors | | | 13 | |
Item 1B — Unresolved Staff Comments | | | 26 | |
Item 2 — Property | | | 26 | |
Item 3 — Legal Proceedings | | | 27 | |
Item 4 — Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders | | | 28 | |
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PART II | | | | |
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Item 5 — Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities | | | 29 | |
Item 7 — Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation | | | 31 | |
Item 8 — Financial Statements and Supplementary Data | | | 50 | |
Item 9 — Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure | | | 51 | |
Item 9A(T) — Controls and Procedures | | | 51 | |
Item 9B — Other Information | | | 52 | |
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PART III | | | | |
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Item 10 — Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance | | | 52 | |
Item 11 — Executive Compensation | | | 52 | |
Item 12 — Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters | | | 52 | |
Item 13 — Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence | | | 52 | |
Item 14 — Principal Accounting Fees and Services | | | 53 | |
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PART IV | | | | |
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Item 15 — Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules | | | 53 | |
Signatures | | | 54 | |
Forward-Looking Statements or Information
This Form 10-K and statements included or incorporated by reference in this Form 10-K include certain historical and forward-looking information. Statements that are not historical facts, including statements about our beliefs and expectations, are forward-looking statements and are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements include statements preceded by, followed by or that include the words “may,” “could,” “would,” “should,” “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “estimate,” “target,” “project,” “intend” or similar expressions. These statements include, among others, statements regarding our expected business outlook, anticipated financial and operating results, our business strategy and means to implement the strategy, our objectives, the amount and timing of capital expenditures, the likelihood of our success in expanding our business, financing plans, budgets, and working capital needs and sources of liquidity.
Forward-looking statements are only predictions and are not guarantees of performance. These statements are based on management’s beliefs and assumptions, which in turn are based on currently available information. These assumptions may prove to be inaccurate. You should not place undue reliance on any of these forward-looking statements, which are based on our current expectations and assumptions.
Unless indicated otherwise, “the Company,” “IdleAire®,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to IdleAire Technologies Corporation. As used herein, references to any “fiscal” year of the Company refer to our fiscal year ended on December 31 of such year.
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the Financial Statements and Notes contained herein.
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PART I
Item 1. Business
We are the leading provider of comprehensive in-cab idle-reduction services to the heavy-duty trucking industry. Our services include heating, ventilation and air conditioning, or HVAC, electric power, Internet access, satellite television, telephone, and remote delivery of computer-based driver safety and training courses. We deliver these services through our patented ATE Advanced Travel Center Electrification® system, or ATE system, comprised of an in-cab service module connected to an external HVAC unit mounted on a truss structure above parking spaces. We are the first company to develop a comprehensive cost-effective solution for travel center electrification and idle-reduction that provides significant value to key participants in the trucking industry and environmental benefits to the public at large. We believe we have gained a significant competitive advantage in the market by creating a recognizable brand and changing the way professional drivers rest and sleep in their heavy-duty trucks.
Owners and drivers of heavy-duty diesel trucks with sleeper cabs represent our primary market. Based on our research and industry trends, we believe there are approximately 1.3 million of such trucks currently operating in the United States. Currently, heavy-duty truck drivers idle their trucks during federally mandated resting periods to maintain comfortable in-cab temperatures, provide electric power and warm the engine block to keep fuel from freezing in extremely cold weather. However, idling consumes fuel, increases engine wear and generates noise and vibration which contribute to driver sleep deprivation. In addition, diesel air emissions from idling adversely impact air quality and make it more difficult for local communities to comply with the US Environmental Protection Agency’s, or the EPA’s, air quality standards, which may result in the potential suspension of funding for certain highway and transit projects. Currently, more than 20 states, municipalities and the District of Columbia have adopted anti-idling laws to reduce air pollution. As pressure from environmental, energy conservation and regulatory agencies increases, we expect increased enforcement of the existing laws as well as adoption of new anti-idling laws by other states and municipalities. By using our ATE system, drivers can maintain comfortable in-cab temperatures and receive additional services and benefits without idling their trucks during federally mandated resting periods. We have been able to charge an hourly rate for our basic ATE services that is less than the hourly cost of fuel consumed while idling a heavy-duty truck engine.
We believe that a nationwide ATE network will strengthen our appeal and accelerate the use of our services by fleet owners and truck drivers. A dense network of our ATE systems along major interstate highways allows truck drivers to plan their resting periods at our locations without incurring additional travel time and related fuel costs. We began rapid expansion of this network in 2006, but dramatically reduced our construction activities in the fourth quarter of 2007 due to cash constraints. We suspended all further construction activities in January 2008, pending funding. Assuming that we are able to secure funding to meet our immediate working capital needs, we also plan to seek significant, additional long-term funding in order to resume our network expansion activities.
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We currently have long-term lease and installation agreements with travel center owners and operators, including two of the three largest national commercial travel center chains, for the right to install our ATE systems in approximately 74,000 parking spaces at over 600 locations, subject to approval of individual site installation by the operators. These agreements typically give us the exclusive right to provide in-cab heating and cooling services by means of external HVAC units at these locations over 10- or 15-year terms from the date of the agreement, subject to certain termination rights, and are renewable for one or two additional five-year terms. Under these agreements, we typically agree to pay a portion of the revenues we earn from operating at the travel center operators’ sites as lease consideration. These agreements generally permit the travel center operator to terminate the agreement if we are in breach of our obligations or we repeatedly fail to pay the applicable lease consideration promptly when due.
As of December 31, 2007, our ATE systems were installed in 8,483 parking spaces at 130 locations across 34 states, and we had provided approximately 25.4 million hours of service since inception. Truck fleet customers who have used our ATE services over the past three months include more than 1,000 truck fleets and approximately 33,000 independent owner-operators, representing approximately 206,000 heavy-duty trucks, a small percentage of the 53,000 truck fleets and approximately 1.3 million heavy-duty trucks with sleeper cabs operating in the United States.
Our service offering
We deliver our services through our ATE system. Our ATE system consists of an in-cab service module that is connected via a flexible, insulated hose to an external HVAC unit mounted on a truss structure above parking spaces. Drivers can easily connect our ATE service module to their truck cab window with a lightweight, secure plastic window adapter which we currently sell for $10 at each of our locations. Once the service module has been inserted into the window adapter and the driver has logged in using a fleet fuel card, credit card, or IdleAire® membership card, the driver can control all of the functions of the system from an easy-to-use touch screen computer. Our ATE service module includes a Pentium-class microcomputer with a touch screen and color liquid crystal display, filtered air supply and return vents, electrical outlets, and ports for satellite television, telephone, Ethernet, and USB connections for computer accessories. Each individual ATE service module is connected to our nationwide, secure, proprietary WAN, allowing us to operate remotely our on-site ATE systems, providing payment processing, trouble-shooting and customer support services 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
We deliver basic and premium services through our ATE system.
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Basic services
Using our basic services, a truck driver can turn off his truck engine, rest in his sleeper cab free from the noise, vibration and fumes generated by an idling engine, and significantly reduce the time and expense of idling. Our basic services include:
| • | | In-cab heating, ventilation and air conditioning, or HVAC—Our in-cab HVAC service allows the driver to thermostatically control the in-cab temperature and breathe clean filtered air without the need to idle the truck engine, waste diesel fuel and pollute the environment with diesel air emissions. |
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| • | | Electric power—Drivers can power small appliances through our ATE system and also use our ATE system to heat the engine block during periods of cold weather. |
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| • | | Satellite television—We offer 22 channels of satellite television, two local network channels and two IdleAire® channels with our basic service. |
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| • | | Unlimited local telephone calls. |
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| • | | Internet access—Drivers can access the Internet using the touch screen interface or an optional keyboard via the USB connectors. |
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| • | | 24/7 customer support—Our customer support call center may be accessed through our ATE service module or by telephone, and provides service and support to drivers 24 hours a day, seven days a week. |
We charge for our basic services on an hourly basis, with a one hour minimum. We currently offer fleet owners the ability to purchase basic services for their drivers at an approximate 15% discount, in order to provide an incentive to fleet owners to encourage their drivers to use our ATE system. We extend this 15% discount, and certain other discounts, to individual drivers who purchase our gold card membership, which is currently priced at $10 for a six-month membership.
In 2007 and 2006, revenues from the sale of basic services accounted for approximately 87% and 84% of our gross service revenue (i.e. total net revenues from basic and premium services), respectively.
Premium services
Once a driver has connected to our ATE system with the purchase of our basic services, we are in a position to offer the driver a number of premium services, which provide additional comfort and convenience, and reduce stress. Encouraging the purchase of premium services by drivers is an important part of our strategy to increase our revenues from each driver visit. Our premium services currently include:
| • | | Expanded satellite television channel selection—Drivers can access 44 additional satellite television channels, including three HBO channels, two Encore channels and five ESPN channels. |
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| • | | Movies-on-demand—Drivers can select from a menu of over 70 current and favorite movies of a wide variety. |
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| • | | High-speed Ethernet and wireless Internet access—Drivers can access the Internet using their own computer by connecting it to our ATE system with an Ethernet cable or by using a Wi-Fi connection. |
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| • | | Unlimited long distance telephone service—Drivers can purchase unlimited long distance telephone service over a 24-hour period to stay connected to family and friends who are often several hundred miles away. |
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| • | | Computer-based driver skill and safety training—Since June 2007, we have provided remote delivery of computer-based driver skill and safety training courses through our ATE system. Without remote delivery services such as ours, drivers often need to travel to a fleet training facility to fulfill their ongoing training requirements, which is costly to both fleet owners and drivers. |
Drivers typically purchase our premium services in packages or blocks of time. For our computer-based driver training and safety courses, our fleet customers pay us an additional fee based on the number of courses delivered to their drivers.
In 2007 and 2006, revenues from the sale of premium services accounted for approximately 13% and 16% of our gross service revenue, respectively. In addition to delivering basic and premium services, we also sell ancillary products to truck drivers on-site to enable them to use our basic and premium services. Ancillary products include window adapters, telephones, keyboards, remotes and coaxial and power cables.
Our ATE network
As of December 31, 2007, our ATE network consisted of 130 sites in 34 states with a total of 8,483 ATE-equipped parking spaces. Our ATE systems were installed at 128 travel centers and two fleet terminals. All but six of the travel centers operate under a national corporate chain of travel centers. Set forth below is a breakdown of these travel center locations:
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| | No. of | | No. of ATE |
| | Sites | | parking spaces |
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TravelCenters of America. | | | 108 | | | | 7,279 | |
Pilot Travel Centers | | | 10 | | | | 585 | |
Love’s | | | 2 | | | | 107 | |
Flying J | | | 1 | | | | 42 | |
Sapp Bros | | | 1 | | | | 51 | |
Independents | | | 6 | | | | 359 | |
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Total | | | 128 | | | | 8,423 | |
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While truck drivers rest at many locations, including travel centers, fleet terminals, distribution centers, seaports, border crossings, transfer locations and rest areas along interstate highways and turnpikes, we plan to focus our installation efforts on travel centers along major interstate highways that meet our site selection criteria as described below under “Our ATE network expansion—Site selection”.
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From 2002 to 2004, under projects partially funded by government grants, we installed our ATE system at 10 locations stipulated by the grant-making agencies. We have determined that six of these sites are not commercially viable. As of December 31, 2007, we have closed all six locations.
Our ATE network expansion
The following chart summarizes our network expansion activities from June 30, 2002, when our first ATE system was installed, through December 31, 2007.
Due to our rapid network expansion from the second quarter 2006 through the third quarter 2007, only 98 of our current 130 sites, or 75.4% of our sites have been in operation for more than twelve months. We refer to these sites as our “comparable” sites, and they represent 6,579 parking spaces, or approximately 77.6% of all ATE-equipped parking spaces. The remaining 32 new sites, or 24.6% of our sites, have less than twelve months of operating history. These sites represent 1,904 parking spaces, or approximately 22.4% of all ATE-equipped parking spaces. As of December 31, 2007, we have closed six sites, or 4.6% of our sites, that fail to meet our current site selection criteria. These sites represented 171 parking spaces at the time of closing, or approximately 2.0% of all ATE parking spaces as of December 31, 2007.
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The attractiveness of our ATE service largely depends on the ability of truck drivers to access our ATE service along their routes without incurring additional travel time and related fuel costs. We expect our overall system utilization rate to increase as we expand and increase the density of our ATE network. As a result, expanding our ATE network at strategic locations was the key to our growth strategy until the fourth quarter of 2007, when management considered it prudent to slow down the construction activities to conserve cash and reduce operating costs.
As of December 31, 2007, we had 130 ATE locations. The cost of installing an ATE system varies depending on the size and specific site conditions. Capital expenditures of approximately $1.0 million are required to install our ATE system at an average size travel center with approximately 65 parking spaces, or about $15,000 per parking space.
Intellectual property
We have been issued two patents by the US Patent and Trademark Office. In November 2002, we were issued a patent to protect our business of providing convenience services to a stationary vehicle allowing the vehicle to conserve fuel and reduce noise and particulate matter emissions by shutting off the engine. This patent has coverage in the United States and we have been issued a corresponding patent in Mexico. The US patent will expire in February 2020. We currently have a pending patent application in Canada which is similar in scope.
In March 2004, we were issued a patent in the United States that protects the design and construction of our service module and other components of the ATE system. This patent has coverage in the United States and we have also obtained corresponding patents in Belgium, France, Germany, Italy and the United Kingdom. The US patent will expire in September 2022. We currently have pending patent applications in Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Costa Rica, Israel, Japan and Mexico which are similar in scope. We have also applied for other patents seeking to broaden patent coverage of our technology.
We also have two registered service marks that have been issued in the United States: IdleAire® and ATE Advanced Travel Center Electrification®.
Research and development
Research and development is critical to our success. Providing HVAC, communication and entertainment services to a parked heavy-duty vehicle requires a complex hardware and software infrastructure that we developed and refined over the past seven years. Our research and development programs over this period have resulted in significant improvements in all aspects of our ATE service delivery system. Our factory-assembled, interlocking overhead truss structure has a modular design that allows us to pre-construct key components off-site and therefore minimize disruption of the site operator’s daily business operations during the installation of our ATE system. The truss structure also has “breakaway features” that allow the hose that connects our service module with the external HVAC unit to break away from the overhead truss structure in the event that the hose is pulled by a moving truck under it. Our HVAC system currently features high capacity air flow, cooling and electrical strip heater systems with proprietary heat transfer characteristics and status sensors to improve reliability. Our service module is rugged and can withstand accidental impact from a heavy-duty truck and harsh weather conditions such as, snow, wind, rain and extremely hot or cold temperatures. It also has a highly luminescent LCD screen that works well under low-light conditions.
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Our current research and development activities include upgrades to our service module, enhancements of our customer account management tools, and innovations in our parking lot layouts to accommodate smaller sites. All these efforts are designed to enhance the cost-effectiveness of manufacturing, installing, and operating our ATE system. We are equally focused on the development of a next-generation ATE system that can offer additional service offerings, such as advertising and electronic commerce, to generate additional revenue streams. Our ATE system design, maintenance, and upgrades require and draw upon our professional staff skilled in engineering design, information technology, and software development. We spent approximately $3.1 million and $2.3 million on research and development in 2007 and 2006, respectively. As of December 31, 2007, we had 38 employees dedicated to research and development.
Suppliers and content providers
We outsource the manufacture and assembly of our ATE systems to leading suppliers. In addition, we use established third-party content providers for our basic and premium services. We believe that each of these suppliers will be able to produce components or provide content for our ATE system on an expeditious and scalable basis to meet the needs of our nationwide network expansion plan.
Eaton Corporation.Eaton Corporation manufactures our high voltage electrical distribution systems and remote management switches. Eaton Corporation also manufactures and assembles our truss structure. In April 2002, we entered into a five-year exclusive supply agreement with Cutler-Hammer Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Eaton Corporation. This agreement automatically renewed for another year with the current term ending April 11, 2008, and will continue to automatically renew each year unless earlier terminated. Under this agreement, Eaton may not sell similar components to any other customer at a price lower than that offered to us, and is prohibited from selling any goods designed for us to any of our competitors.
Jaco Electronics, Inc.Jaco Electronics, Inc. is a distributor and integrator of electronic components and flat panel display solutions. In August 2007, we entered into a three-year agreement with Jaco Electronics, Inc. to manufacture and assemble our service modules, and at our option, repair existing service modules.
Cisco Systems, Inc.We purchase our network hardware and WAN components from Cisco Systems, Inc. as needed on a purchase order basis.
Our principal content providers for our basic and premium services include the following:
DirecTV, Inc.In December 2005, we entered into a six-year agreement with DirecTV to provide satellite television reception equipment and premium satellite television services. Under this agreement, we pay DirecTV a package rate for each location, based on the number of parking spots. For sites constructed between March 2006 and October 2007, DirecTV provided us with satellite television reception equipment for each location at no cost.
LodgeNet Entertainment Corporation.LodgeNet Entertainment Corporation is a leading provider of interactive television and broadband solutions to hotels. In June 2003, we entered into a three-year agreement with LodgeNet Entertainment Corporation to provide video servers, interactive television services and movie content. In April 2006, we amended this agreement to extend the initial term to an additional three years. This agreement automatically renews for two successive and consecutive two-year periods, thereby extending the expiration date of the agreement to June 2013.
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Regulatory environment
HOS rule
The DOT’s Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations require property carriers and commercial motor vehicle drivers to obtain necessary rest and restorative sleep while they are on extended duty, which is commonly referred to as the “hours of service” or “HOS” rule. In summary, the
HOS rule provides that:
| • | | Drivers must rest 10 or more consecutive hours after driving 11 hours in any 14-hour on-duty window; |
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| • | | The 14-hour on-duty window may not be extended with off-duty time for meal and fuel stops; |
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| • | | There is a prohibition on driving after being on duty 60 hours in seven consecutive days, or 70 hours in eight consecutive days, but drivers can “restart” the seven/eight day period anytime a driver has 34 consecutive hours off duty; and |
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| • | | Commercial motor vehicle drivers using the sleeper berth provision must take at least eight consecutive hours in the sleeper berth, plus two consecutive hours either in the sleeper berth, off duty, or any combination of the two. |
The HOS rule makes it necessary for heavy-duty truck drivers to rest in travel centers, fleet terminals and rest areas along interstate highways and turnpikes, therefore creating a market for companies that provide services to drivers during federally mandated resting periods.
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The Clean Air Act
In December 2006, the EPA estimated that nationwide idling by heavy-duty trucks contributes each year approximately 11 million tons of carbon dioxide, 180,000 tons of oxides of nitrogen and 5,000 tons of particulate matter into the air. Diesel air emissions resulting from idling adversely impact regional air quality and make it more difficult for local communities to comply with NAAQS established under the Clean Air Act. If an area does not meet the NAAQS for a particular pollutant, it is designated as a “non-attainment” area, and the relevant state implementation plan, or SIP, which is submitted to the EPA, must detail the actions, stationary source control measures and schedule to reduce the levels of pollutants that cause the area to be within the “non-attainment” category. A state or locality may suffer economic development sanctions, such as temporary suspensions of funding for certain highway and transit projects, if it fails to achieve the emission reductions specified in the SIP. Through December 31, 2007, we estimate that our ATE system has eliminated approximately 296,694 tons of diesel air emissions that would otherwise have been emitted by those heavy-duty trucks that are using our ATE system. We believe approximately 1,300 travel centers nationwide are located in counties designated as “non-attainment” areas.
State and municipal anti-idling regulations
Currently, more than 20 states, municipalities and the District of Columbia have anti-idling laws and regulations that are designed to reduce air pollution from emissions. To the extent states and municipalities enforce anti-idling laws, we believe that this could encourage drivers to take advantage of our ATE system where available. However, anti-idling regulations have not been consistently enforced in the past or, in some cases, at all, partly because few cost-effective alternatives to idling were available. We believe enforcement practices could change with more idling alternatives now on the market and increased pressure from environmental and energy conservation regulatory agencies.
Competition
Set forth below are some of the competing alternatives to our ATE technology.
APUs.An auxiliary power unit, or APU, is one of several “on-board” competing alternatives that provide only part of our ATE solution and reduce, but do not eliminate, diesel air emissions. APUs produce electricity from a diesel or gasoline engine that powers an HVAC unit and other electrical devices, but they do not offer a comprehensive set of services like our ATE systems. APUs are attractive because they can be operated in almost any resting place. However, we believe a number of factors have limited the market appeal of APUs, including the significant up-front equipment and installation costs, reliability concerns, lack of driver communication and entertainment options, emissions from a smaller diesel engine which also generates sleep-disturbing noise and vibration, and additional operating costs from fuel usage and the weight of the APU and HVAC units.
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Battery systems.An on-board battery system is an idle-reduction alternative that utilizes stored electrical energy in high-density batteries to power HVAC units and other in-cab electrical devices. Like APUs, these battery systems are attractive because they can be operated in almost any resting place, but unlike APUs, they can be operated without diesel air emissions. However, we believe a number of factors have limited the market appeal of on-board battery systems including the significant up-front equipment costs, the inadequate energy capacity for extreme temperature conditions, the lack of driver communication and entertainment options, and the additional operating costs from the weight of the battery and HVAC units.
Hybrid APU-battery systems.An on-board hybrid APU-battery systems combines APUs and battery systems. This system is a relatively new idle-reduction alternative that is now available in the market. Hybrid APU-battery systems are attractive because they can be operated in almost any resting place. However, we believe the same factors that limit the market acceptance of battery systems will also limit the acceptance of hybrid APU-battery systems. In addition, emissions from a smaller diesel engine generates sleep-disturbing noise and vibration.
Engine optimizers.An engine optimizer is a thermostatically-controlled device installed in a truck which turns the diesel engine on and off to reduce engine idling. We believe drivers typically do not like this solution because the constant but irregular diesel engine startup and shut down vibration inhibits rest more than the noise and vibration of idling, which is relatively constant. Engine optimizers are typically not adjustable nor easily disabled by the truck drivers, and still consume fuel and produce emissions from the diesel engine.
Fuel Fired Heaters.A fuel fired heater is a thermostatically-controlled device that generates heat through the burning of diesel fuel and distributes that heat throughout the sleeper cab using a small battery driven fan. While this device heats the cab during winters and reduces engine idling, we believe this option has limited market appeal because it simply replaces idling without improving the driver’s work environment. This alternative does not offer air filtration or cooling solutions, and it still consumes fuel and produces diesel emissions, which has caused concerns about carbon monoxide poisoning. In addition, fuel fired heaters require up-front investments and ongoing maintenance costs.
Truck stop electrification.The truck stop electrification, or TSE, concept installs a 120 VAC or 220 VAC electrical power outlet or shore power in the travel center parking lot and an auditable billing method and/or equipment that would allow operators to charge for the service. The TSE concept requires trucks to either be wired for 120 VAC electrical power, or carry an inverter on-board to convert 12 VDC to 120 VAC power only to provide electrical power for HVAC or a driver’s ancillary devices.
As of December 2007, we believe there was only one TSE-installed site in operation, although six others may have been identified and approved. We believe TSE has not gained widespread market acceptance because it requires travel center owners to make a significant capital investment to install electrical outlets in their parking lots, and truck fleet owners to invest significant capital in retrofitting trucks or purchasing trucks that are already equipped with electric powered HVAC. The on-board equipment required for TSE also reduces the available payload, increases on-the-road fuel consumption and requires additional hardware maintenance, which is typically not conveniently available, if at all.
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Other alternatives for drivers who idle their trucks include renting motel rooms, hiring team drivers and simply shutting off a truck while resting.
Motel rooms.We believe that professional heavy-duty drivers rarely rest overnight in motel rooms because most motels do not provide parking or heavy asphalt driveways for trucks with 53 foot trailers. Furthermore, our market research indicates that drivers do not want to leave their personal possessions and expensive cargo in an unattended truck and lodging cost is usually not paid by the fleet owner.
Team drivers.Two team drivers can take turns to drive 24 hours a day without violating the “hours of service” rule. However, based on a recent field study, the quality and depth of sleep is usually worse on the road for team drivers. While the truck is in motion, the noise and motion environment in the sleeper cab typically inhibits a driver’s sleep. Therefore, companies have a difficult time recruiting and retaining team drivers because co-drivers have to share a very small workspace and sleeping space 24 hours a day.
Stop idling.Truck drivers are generally not willing to completely shut off their trucks while resting as it is extremely difficult to maintain a comfortable temperature in a sleeper cab with the engine turned off. Even in mild weather, truck drivers are unlikely to leave the windows open because travel centers can be extremely unsafe environments and the concentration of noxious fumes from other parked, idling trucks can create a noisy and emissions-filled resting environment.
Employees
As of December 31, 2007, we had 1,210 full-time and 185 part-time employees. More than 80% of our employees are on-site employees whose responsibilities include site operation, customer support and sales and marketing. Among our other employees, 60 of them are primarily in the areas of information technology and customer support, 43 in construction, configuration and procurement, 38 in research and development, 31 in finance and audit, and 23 in marketing and sales. None of our employees is represented by any union. We believe that our relations with our employees are good.
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Item 1A. Risk Factors
If any of the following risks, as well as other risks and uncertainties that are not yet identified or that we currently think are immaterial, actually occur, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
Risks relating to our business and financial condition
Our independent registered public accounting firm has included a “going concern” explanatory paragraph in its opinion raising substantial doubt about our financial viability.
As a result of our continuing losses and negative cash flows, our independent registered public accounting firm issued a “going concern” opinion in connection with their audit of our financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2007. This opinion expressed substantial doubt as to our ability to continue as a going concern. Our ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon our ability to obtain additional equity or debt financing, generate additional revenue, and/or reduce expenditures. The accompanying financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of these uncertainties. Accordingly, the value of the Company in liquidation may be different from the amounts set forth in our financial statements. The going concern explanatory paragraph opinion may also limit our ability to access certain types of financing, prevent us from obtaining financing on acceptable terms, and limit our ability to execute our nationwide system rollout.
We have liquidity problems and may need to raise capital on terms unfavorable to our stockholders, or we may not be able to raise capital at all.
At December 31, 2007, we had a cash balance of $8.5 million and working capital of $0.9 million. The Company incurred net losses of $93.4 million and $60.3 million during the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Our independent registered public accounting firm has expressed substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. Substantial additional financing is needed for us to sustain our current operations and to service the semiannual cash interest payments on our senior secured discount notes that begin in December 2008. In September 2007, we filed a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission in connection with the proposed sale of our common stock in an initial public offering. We have not been able to complete that offering and access capital in the public equity market due to market conditions. Additionally, we have been unable to secure a credit facility to address our immediate working capital needs. There is no assurance that we will be able to obtain the necessary financings to support our existing business and execute our business plan on acceptable terms, or at all; and even if we can, we may only do so on terms that are not favorable to our stockholders. If we are unable to secure near-term funding for our immediate working capital needs, we will be forced to cease operations and liquidate our assets through a bankruptcy proceeding.
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We are in a capital intensive industry. Capital expenditures of approximately $1.0 million are required to install our ATE system at an average size travel center with approximately 65 parking spaces, or about $15,000 per parking space. We began operating our ATE business in 2003 and our ATE system has not yet achieved widespread market acceptance. Our long-term viability is predicated on meeting our short-term operating needs as well as making significant additional investments in our ATE network in order to execute our business plan. We will need substantial additional funds to resume the nationwide ATE network expansion and may need to sell additional equity or convertible debt securities to fund such expansion. Any sale of additional equity or convertible debt securities will result in dilution to our holders of common stock. We cannot be certain that any public or private financing we might undertake in the future will be available in amounts or on terms acceptable to us, or at all. If we are unable to obtain this additional financing when needed, the growth of our business may be adversely affected.
We have a limited operating history and neither our historical results of operations, nor our business and financial expectations, may be an accurate indicator of our future operating results or business prospects.
We were incorporated in June 2000 and we began operating the ATE business in 2003. We have a limited operating history, which makes our evaluation of the timing and the amount of our anticipated capital expenditures, our business and prospects very difficult. Our business and financial plans are based on various assumptions, including our ability to continue nationwide installation of our ATE systems, the installation costs of our nationwide ATE network expansion, adoption rates, system utilization rates, price increases of our services, the mix between our basic retail rate, the basic discounted rate available to fleets and certain independent truck drivers and the utilization of our premium services and other estimates that management believes are reasonable, but are necessarily speculative in nature. Actual results will likely vary from our assumptions and such variations may be material. As a result, neither our historical results of operations nor any forward-looking information regarding our future expectations may give you an accurate indication of our future results of operations or our business prospects.
We have a history of net losses and an accumulated deficit of $246.4 million as of December 31, 2007. We cannot guarantee if, when or to what extent we will become profitable, or that we can maintain profitability if it is achieved.
We have never been profitable. We recorded a net loss of $93.4 million for December 31, 2007 and had an accumulated deficit of $246.4 million as of December 31, 2007. We expect to continue to incur and report net losses during the early phases of our nationwide ATE network expansion, as we work to gain widespread market acceptance for our ATE service. Our future operating results over both the short and long term will be subject to several factors, many of which are beyond our control:
| • | | costs associated with our ATE network expansion; |
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| • | | our ability to obtain approval from travel center operators to install and continue to operate our ATE network at their locations; |
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| • | | continued success in securing additional parking spaces for installation of our ATE systems; |
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| • | | market acceptance of our ATE technology; |
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| • | | adoption of our technology by fleet owners and usage by truck drivers; |
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| • | | fluctuations in diesel prices; |
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| • | | cyclicality of the trucking industry; |
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| • | | changes in the regulatory environment; and |
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| • | | changes in general economic conditions. |
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Since inception, we have incurred losses every fiscal quarter through December 31, 2007. We expect to incur increasing operating expenses as we continue our nationwide ATE network expansion. We are currently experiencing negative operating margins and negative cash flows from operations as the cost of operating our ATE network exceeds the revenue generated from the usage of the ATE network. We cannot provide any assurance that we will achieve profitability, when we will achieve profitability, should it occur, the sustainability of such profitability, or the extent to which we will be profitable. Our ability to become profitable depends in part upon the success of our ATE network expansion and our ability to achieve a higher system utilization rate.
Our substantial level of indebtedness could materially adversely affect our financial condition and prevent us from fulfilling our obligations under the notes and our other indebtedness.
As of December 31, 2007, we have outstanding debt of $272.8 million. In addition, notwithstanding our substantial indebtedness, if we satisfy certain debt coverage tests, we could issue additional notes and incur further indebtedness. If new debt were to be incurred in the future, the related risks could intensify.
Our substantial indebtedness could have important consequences to you and significant effects on our business. For example, it could:
| • | | make it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations under our indebtedness which could lead to a default by us; |
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| • | | result in an event of default if we fail to satisfy our obligations under the senior secured discount notes or our other indebtedness or fail to comply with the financial and other restrictive covenants contained in the indenture or any future senior secured credit facility, which event of default could result in all of our indebtedness becoming immediately due and payable and could permit our lenders to foreclose on substantially all of our assets used to secure such indebtedness; |
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| • | | require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from our business operations to pay our indebtedness, thereby reducing the available cash to fund working capital, capital expenditures, general operational requirements and other purposes; |
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| • | | limit our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures and other activities; |
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| • | | limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industry in which we operate; |
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| • | | increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions or a downturn in the trucking industry; and |
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| • | | place us at a competitive disadvantage compared to competitors that are not as highly leveraged. |
Our ability to pay our operating expenses and make these payments under our senior secured discount notes depends on our ability to secure substantial near-term funding and our future operating results, which will be affected by financial, business, economic, legislative and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. If we fail to secure sufficient funds to pay our operating expenses and payments due under our senior secured discount notes, we may be required to suspend ATE installation activities permanently, liquidate assets, incur additional debt or file for a bankruptcy proceeding.
The indenture governing our senior secured discount notes imposes, and any future revolving credit facility may impose, significant operating and financial restrictions on us that may prevent us from pursuing certain business opportunities and restrict our ability to operate our business.
The indenture governing our senior secured discount notes imposes, and the terms of any future debt we incur may impose, significant operating and financial restrictions on us, limiting or prohibiting our ability to:
| • | | incur additional indebtedness or issue certain preferred stock; |
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| • | | pay dividends, redeem subordinated debt or make other restricted payments; |
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| • | | issue capital stock of any subsidiary we may establish; |
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| • | | change our line of business; |
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| • | | transfer or sell assets; |
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| • | | make certain investments or acquisitions; |
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| • | | grant liens on our assets; |
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| • | | enter into certain transactions with affiliates; and |
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| • | | merge, consolidate or transfer substantially all of our assets. |
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Events beyond our control could affect our ability to meet the financial ratios and financial condition tests and to comply with other provisions under our senior secured discount notes or other debt. Our failure to comply with these obligations could cause an event of default under our senior secured discount notes or such other debt. If an event of default occurs under our senior secured discount notes or such other debt, our lenders could elect to declare all amounts outstanding and accrued, and unpaid interest under such debt to be immediately due, and the lenders thereafter could foreclose upon substantially all of our assets. An event of default under our senior secured discount notes or such other debt could result in an event of default under our other debt instruments. In the event of a default under our senior secured discount notes or other debt (whether or not a cross default is triggered), there can be no assurance that we would have sufficient assets to repay all of our obligations. We may incur other indebtedness in the future that may contain financial or other covenants more restrictive than those applicable to the indenture governing our senior secured discount notes, and may be on terms that are not advantageous to you.
Our success is dependent on the market acceptance of our ATE systems.
Adoption of our ATE technology is still relatively limited. We have continued to emphasize to fleet owners and truck drivers the services, features and benefits of our ATE system. Lack of acceptance by truck drivers and adoption or endorsement of our system by fleet owners would make it difficult for us to grow our business. We may have difficulty gaining widespread or rapid acceptance of our ATE systems for a number of reasons including:
| • | | our failure to obtain the necessary approval for individual site installation from travel center operators; |
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| • | | our failure to convince truck drivers of the benefits of our ATE system; |
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| • | | fleet owners’ failure to encourage drivers to use our ATE system; |
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| • | | truck drivers’ unwillingness to change their idling habits; and |
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| • | | the introduction of competing products or services in the idle-reduction market. |
Demand for our services may fluctuate as the price of diesel changes.
We believe charging fleet owners and independent truck drivers an hourly rate for our ATE basic services that is less than the hourly cost of fuel consumed during idling a heavy-duty diesel engine is one of our compelling value propositions. Conversely, the appeal of our ATE system and services may lessen as the difference between the hourly rate for our basic services and the diesel price narrows. Demand for our basic services may fluctuate as the price of diesel fuel changes. If diesel fuel prices decrease to a level such that using our ATE system does not result in fuel cost savings, fleets and independent truck drivers may reduce usage of our ATE system or discontinue using our services and our system utilization rate may decrease. Any decrease in our
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system utilization rate could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations. If in the future, we need to reduce the hourly rate for our basic services to keep it competitive with the cost of diesel fuel, our business might suffer and our revenue might decline.
Assuming that we can secure substantial significant funding for operations as well as funding to finance the ATE network expansion, we may have difficulty managing our growth and expanding our operations successfully.
Assuming that we can secure the necessary funding to continue installation of our ATE network, we will continue the ATE network expansion. As we continue our nationwide ATE network expansion, we may need to expand our construction, sales, marketing and internal accounting activities. We will need to manage effectively the relationships we have with our employees, suppliers and customers. Failure to effectively manage any of these relationships may lead to lost productivity, lost revenue opportunities or litigation. Our growth will continue to place a significant strain on our managerial, operational and financial resources. To manage the growth, we must continue to implement and improve our operational and financial systems and to expand, train and manage our employees, including our customer support employees. There can be no assurance that our systems, procedures or controls will be adequate to support our rapidly growing operations.
Our business is subject to seasonal volatility and our operating results may fluctuate on a quarterly and annual basis.
Our business is subject to seasonal volatility. Since part of our services is to deliver cooled and heated air, we have typically realized a larger portion of sales during the hot summer and cold winter months of each fiscal year. Accordingly, this may create variability in our sales revenues between periods, depending on the severity of weather patterns. While we believe that our network expansion and increasing fleet acceptance of our ATE system may reduce seasonality for future periods, we cannot assure you that this will indeed be the case.
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We depend upon our key personnel to run our business and manage our business growth. The loss of any one of them could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.
Our success depends largely upon the continued contributions of our experienced senior management team and our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel. The relationships and reputation that our chief executive officer, chief operating officer, and other key employees have established and continue to maintain with travel center operators, manufacturers and suppliers and government agencies are key to our success. Competition for qualified personnel is highly intense and no assurance can be made that we will be able to retain our key employees or that we will be able to attract and retain additional qualified personnel in the future. The loss of any of our officers or key personnel could impair our ability to identify and secure new installation and lease agreements with travel centers, and in turn could materially and adversely affect our ability to manage the growth of our business.
Our expansion plan may not succeed as quickly as anticipated, if at all.
Our success in expanding our ATE network depends on our ability to market our ATE system to travel center operators and truck fleet owners and to obtain building permit approvals from local municipal planning agencies. If these parties do not find our value proposition compelling, our plan to install a nationwide ATE network could be delayed. In addition, 108 of our 130 sites are in locations operated by the TravelCenters of America. If we were to cease doing business with TravelCenters of America, or any one of our other travel center operators, our business would be adversely affected. Although we have successfully installed our ATE systems at two fleet terminals and have plans to install our ATE systems at more fleet terminals in the future, there is no assurance that we will be successful in installing our ATE systems on terms that are acceptable to us, or at all.
We rely on third-party suppliers for the manufacture and assembly of our ATE system, and may not be able to meet our expansion plan schedule if our suppliers cannot meet our quantity and quality requirements.
We rely on third-party suppliers for the manufacture and assembly of our ATE system. In the event that certain of these suppliers are unable or unwilling to provide us with certain specific components on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, delays in securing alternative sources of supply would result in delays in our installation and deployment schedule, and could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. We cannot assure you that our current suppliers will at all times dedicate sufficient production capacity to satisfy our requirements within scheduled delivery times, or at all. Failure or delay by our suppliers in fulfilling our anticipated needs would have a material adverse effect on our nationwide network expansion. General economic downturns or factors such as labor strikes, supply shortages, product defects, or safety recalls of particular equipment affecting any of our suppliers would also likely have a material adverse effect on our business.
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We rely on electrical power utilities and communications companies, including Internet and bandwidth providers, data centers, satellite communications and mobile network providers, to provide their services to customers through our ATE systems; and their failure to provide prompt and reliable service could materially adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition.
We rely on electrical power utilities, communications companies, Internet access, data center and bandwidth providers to deliver their services to us and our customers reliably. If any of these service providers cannot deliver their services reliably, the scope of the services we can offer to our customers will be either limited or non-functional and therefore the quality of our overall service offering could suffer. Any delivery issues, including signal interference, service interruptions or system failure could lead to customer dissatisfaction and complaints, damage our reputation, and cause delay in our ATE network expansion.
Any disruption in the network access or collocation services provided by these providers, or any failure of these providers to handle current or higher volumes of use, could significantly harm our business. Any financial or other difficulties our providers face may have negative effects on our business. We exercise little control over these vendors, which increases our vulnerability to problems with the services they provide. Any errors, failures, interruptions or delays in connection with these technologies and information services could harm our relationship with customers, adversely affect our brand and expose us to liabilities.
Our systems are also heavily reliant on the availability of electricity. In the event of a major power outage, we would have to rely on one of our four back-up generators. These back-up generators may not operate properly and their fuel supply could be inadequate during a major power outage, resulting in a possible disruption of our business.
We may have difficulty scaling and adapting our existing architecture to accommodate increased traffic and technology advances or changing business requirements, which could lead to the loss of customers and cause us to incur expenses to make architectural and design changes.
To be successful, our network infrastructure has to perform well and be reliable. As user traffic and our service offerings increase, the complexity of our ATE system increases, which raises our requirement for computing power. We have spent and expect to continue to spend substantial amounts on the purchase and lease of data centers and equipment and the upgrade of our technology and network infrastructure to handle increased traffic on our web site and to expand new service offerings. These activities are expensive and complex and could result in inefficiencies or operational failures. If we do not expand successfully, or if we experience inefficiencies and operational failures, the quality of our services and our customers’ satisfaction could decline. This could damage our reputation and lead us to lose customers. Cost increases for data network equipment, loss of traffic or failure to accommodate new technologies or changing business requirements could harm our operating results and financial condition.
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We could experience system failures and capacity constraints, which could materially and adversely affect our business and operating results.
To be successful, our ATE system must be able to operate 24 hours a day, seven days a week without interruption. We must protect our equipment and data against damage from human error and fromforce majeureevents that could cause loss or corruption of data or interruptions in our services. We have business interruption insurance but such insurance may be insufficient to compensate us for losses relating to system failures or may not provide coverage under certain particular circumstances. If we were unable to provide uninterrupted service to our customers, such interruptions could:
| • | | cause customers to seek damages from us for losses incurred; |
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| • | | require us to incur expenses, either earlier or in amounts greater than originally planned, to replace existing equipment, expand facilities or add redundant facilities; |
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| • | | damage our reputation of reliability; |
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| • | | cause customers and others to cancel contracts with us; and |
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| • | | make it more difficult for us to attract new customers. |
As a result, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
Unauthorized disclosure of data, whether through breach of our computer systems or otherwise, could expose us to protracted and costly litigation or cause us to lose customers.
Maintaining the security of our network is an issue of critical importance for our customers because our services involve the storage and transmission of proprietary, confidential data and customer information, including truck fleet financial data and personal information, such as debit or credit card numbers. Individuals and groups may develop and deploy viruses, worms and other malicious software programs that attack or attempt to infiltrate our ATE network. If our security measures, or those of our contractors handling our customers’ information, are breached as a result of third-party action, employee error, malfeasance or otherwise, we could be subject to liability or our business could be interrupted. Successful penetration of our network security could have a negative impact on our reputation and could lead our existing and potential customers to choose not to use our ATE services. Even if we do not encounter a security breach ourselves, a well-publicized breach of the consumer data security of any major consumer website could lead to a general public loss of confidence in the use of the Internet, which could diminish the attractiveness of our system and service offerings.
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If we fail to adequately protect or enforce our intellectual property rights, the value of our intellectual property rights would diminish.
We rely upon a combination of patents, service marks and other rights to protect our intellectual property. Our success and competitive position will depend largely on our ability to obtain and maintain patent protection for our ATE system, methods, processes and other technologies, to preserve our trade secrets, to prevent third parties from infringing on our proprietary rights and to operate without infringing the proprietary rights of third parties. We have filed and anticipate filing additional patent applications both in the United States and internationally.
We cannot assure you that our US and foreign patent applications will be allowed or will be issued in a form that is advantageous to us. In addition, our patents or service marks may be challenged by third parties. Despite our efforts to protect our proprietary rights, unauthorized parties may attempt to copy or otherwise obtain and use our technology. Competitors may also be able to develop services similar to our ATE system that do not infringe our patents. There can be no assurance that the actions we have taken to protect our intellectual property rights will be successful, particularly in foreign jurisdictions where the laws may not protect our intellectual property rights as fully or in the same manner as the laws of the United States.
Any patent may be challenged, invalidated, held unenforceable or circumvented. The existence of a patent will not necessarily protect us from competition. Competitors may successfully challenge or invalidate our patents or produce systems that do not infringe our patents. Patent and other intellectual property protection may be unavailable, limited or difficult to enforce. Our trade secrets may be vulnerable to disclosure or misappropriation by employees, contractors and other persons.
Recent and future developments in patent law may negatively affect our ability to enforce our existing patents or in the future, obtain patent claims broad enough to adequately protect our technology. For example, recent US court rulings have, in some respects, tightened the standards for non-obviousness of US patents and changes to the US Patent and Trademark Office procedures may limit the number of patent claims we can obtain in the future.
Third party claims of intellectual property infringement could require us to spend significant time and money in litigation.
In order to protect or enforce patent rights, we may initiate patent litigation against third parties. Similarly, we may be sued by others. We have received, and may in the future receive, communications alleging possible infringement of patents and other intellectual property rights belonging to third parties. Such allegations can result in costly litigation. We also may become subject to proceedings conducted in the US Patent and Trademark Office, including interference proceedings to determine the priority of inventions, or reexamination proceedings. In addition, any foreign patents that are granted may become subject to opposition, nullity, or revocation proceedings in foreign jurisdictions. The defense and prosecution, if necessary, of intellectual property actions are costly and divert technical and management personnel from their normal responsibilities.
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No patent can protect its holder from a claim of infringement of another patent. Therefore, our patent position cannot and does not provide any assurance that the commercialization of our ATE system would not infringe the patent rights of another. If such a claim is asserted against us, there can be no assurance that the resolution of the claim would permit us to continue marketing our ATE system on commercially reasonable terms, if at all. We may not have sufficient resources to bring these actions to a successful conclusion. If we do not successfully defend any infringement actions to which we become a party or are unable to have infringed patents declared invalid or unenforceable, we may have to pay substantial monetary damages, which can be tripled if the infringement is deemed willful, or be required to discontinue our business operation or significantly delay our network expansion plan.
Products developed by our competitors could reduce the demand for our ATE services.
We may face growing competition from companies that are developing and marketing idle-reduction technologies and alternatives. For instance, effective January 1, 2008, the California Air Resources Board requires drivers resting in a truck’s sleeper cab to shut off their engines after five minutes. Truck drivers may comply with the new regulation by using an auxiliary power unit, or APU, equipped with a particulate trap. Although there is no known particulate trap that is tested and proven for APU engines today, we believe large investments could be made in companies that will successfully manufacture California-compliant APUs. These companies may have significantly greater marketing, financial and managerial resources than us. We cannot assure you that our competitors will not succeed in developing and marketing products that will render our ATE system obsolete or non-competitive.
We are unable to predict the future availability of governmental grants.
Government grants have helped us fund our operations, since our operating expenses have historically substantially exceeded our revenues. Through December 31, 2007, we have been awarded approximately $55.6 million in cumulative-to-date grant assistance from governmental agencies. Of this amount, grants for $19.5 million have either expired, been withdrawn or terminated. We have invoiced approximately $25.6 million and received approximately $25.1 million. Of the remaining $10.5 million in grant monies not yet invoiced, we expect such amounts to become collectible only if additional sites are deployed. However, even if additional sites are deployed, there can be no assurances that all such amounts will be collected. In addition, grants may include requirements that we build our ATE system on a site that does not meet our site selection criteria and therefore may not be commercially viable. Although we expect to apply for additional grants, as well as other sources of governmental funding in the future, there can be no assurance that we will in fact receive such additional funding, that the amount of funding we do receive will not be less than what we currently anticipate, or what requirements will be stipulated in such grants.
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The impact of environmental laws and regulations and their enforcement could adversely affect us.
We are subject to federal, state and local environmental, health and safety laws and regulations governing, among other things, the generation, storage, handling and use of hazardous materials and the emission and discharge of hazardous materials into the ground, air or water. Under certain environmental laws that impose liability on owners or operators of real property for the costs to remediate or otherwise address hazardous substance contamination, we could be liable for contamination at, on, from, in or under any location currently or formerly owned, leased or operated by us. In particular, there is a risk that the installation of our ATE systems in the various travel centers at which we lease parking spaces can puncture, damage or otherwise impact hazardous material storage tanks, discharge lines or other areas at the travel centers, resulting in contamination. This has occurred a few times in the past. While we generally require our contractors who conduct the installations to carry insurance, and in some cases, indemnify us against certain losses arising from their work, we cannot assure you, however, that in all cases, our contractors will indemnify us against, have adequate insurance for, will agree to be liable for, or will actually fund, the costs arising from any contamination.
In addition, we cannot assure you that the environmental laws currently in effect that require air emissions reductions or ban idling from trucks will not change or be repealed. Also, we cannot assure you that additional states or municipalities will adopt anti-idling laws in the future nor can we assure you that authorities will increase their enforcement of existing or future anti-idling laws.
Risks related to our market
We cannot accurately predict the size of the idle-reduction market, and it may be smaller or slower to develop than we expect.
Based on our research and industry trends, we believe there are approximately 1.3 million heavy-duty diesel trucks with sleeper cabs currently operating in the United States. Although this number is seemingly large, we cannot accurately predict the size of the market that is receptive to idling alternatives, and more specifically, to using our ATE systems. Currently, there are several idle-reduction technologies available in the market; however, adoption has been limited. Although many states have anti-idling laws and regulations, many of these regulations have not been consistently enforced, or, in some cases, enforced at all.
Our long-term growth will depend on the number of truck fleets and drivers willing to adopt idling alternatives, as well as how quickly they adopt our ATE system. We began operating our ATE business in 2003 and to further develop the market for our ATE system, we will need to continue to devote significant resources to marketing and other business development activities. Developing a market for our ATE services takes time and it may take us longer than we expect. In the event that we are successful in developing a market for our ATE services, we may find the market smaller than we expect.
The trucking industry is highly fragmented and regulated.
Our target customers in the trucking industry are a disparate group, comprised of truck fleet owners and independent truck drivers. Some truck fleet owners are small companies, and like independent truck drivers, may not be familiar with the industry trends or have exposure to new methods of doing business. As a result, we may not be able to establish a consistently effective method for marketing our ATE system to such industry participants.
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The trucking industry is highly regulated. The jurisdiction of the DOT, the EPA and similar state agencies, extends to the trucking industry, our customers and the services that we currently sell to our customers. DOT and EPA regulations are subject to varying interpretations which may evolve over time. If compliance with the current regulations is not actively enforced by these agencies, or enforcement continues to vary from region to region, our operating results may vary between regions and our business could be materially adversely affected. We cannot assure you that government agencies will not adopt new policies or regulations that could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
We are directly affected by the cyclicality of the trucking industry and general economic conditions.
The trucking industry is highly cyclical and especially susceptible to trends in economic activity. The trucking industry fluctuates in response to factors that are beyond our control, such as general economic conditions, interest rates, federal and state regulations, consumer spending and fuel costs. The industry is particularly sensitive to the consumer, industrial and manufacturing sectors of the economy, which generate a significant portion of the freight tonnage hauled by heavy-duty trucks. We serve truck fleet owners and professional truck drivers, so our business activities are directly tied to the purchase and production of goods and other key macro-economic measurements. When individuals and companies purchase and produce fewer goods, our customers transport fewer goods. In addition, we have a relatively high fixed-cost structure, which is difficult to adjust to match shifting volume levels. Downturns in consumer business cycles, such as the home construction, automobile, and manufactured goods sectors, can create excess capacity in the trucking industry and may have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results.
Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (“Section 404”) required the Company to document and test its internal controls over financial reporting beginning with the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, and beginning with the fiscal year ending December 31, 2009, Section 404 will require an independent registered public accounting firm to independently opine on the effectiveness of these internal controls over financial reporting. Any delays or difficulty in satisfying these requirements could cause our shareholders to lose confidence in us and adversely affect our ability to raise additional financing through the sale of equity or debt securities.
Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 will require us to document and test the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting in accordance with an established internal control framework and to report our conclusion as to the effectiveness of our internal controls. It will also require an independent registered public accounting firm to test our internal control over financial reporting and report on the effectiveness of such controls for our fiscal year ending December 31, 2009 and subsequent years. Any failure to implement required new or improved controls, or difficulties encountered in their implementation, could harm our operating results or cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations. If we are unable to conclude that we have effective internal control over financial reporting, or if our independent registered public accounting firm is unable to provide us with an unqualified opinion regarding the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009 and in future periods as required by Section 404, investors could lose confidence in the reliability of our financial statements, and our ability to list any classes of our securities on any national stock exchange or to raise additional financing through the sale of equity or debt securities could be adversely affected.
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Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
None.
Item 2. Property
Our executive, administrative and operating offices are located in approximately 26,000 square feet of leased office space in Knoxville, Tennessee. We also lease approximately 4,100 square feet for our customer support call center located in Knoxville. During 2006, we entered into long-term lease agreements for our corporate space. The 26,000 square feet lease expires on February 28, 2013; the 4,100 square feet lease expires on March 31, 2010, with an option to renew for two additional five-year periods. The annual rent obligation for the combined space is approximately $0.5 million.
On May 16, 2006, we entered into a lease for space in the Pinnacle Office Building next door to our executive offices in Knoxville, Tennessee. On September 7, 2007, we amended that lease to expand to approximately 10,950 square feet of office space and extend the term to September 30, 2010. The annual lease obligation is $153,300.
Our information technology operation occupies approximately 7,500 square feet of leased office space on adjacent property. We entered into a one year lease agreement on this property on July 21, 2006. We entered into a two year lease extension on this property commencing on August 1, 2007. The lease agreement expires on July 31, 2009 and the annual rent obligation is $91,800.
Our warehouse and systems configuration facilities are located in approximately 20,250 square feet of leased space and acts as a warehouse for construction and re-supply material for our local and remote sites. This lease expires on October 31, 2009, with an option to renew for two additional one-year periods. The annual rent obligation on the lease is approximately $0.2 million. In August 2007, we entered into a one-year lease for an additional 17,300 square feet of warehouse space in Knoxville, Tennessee, which begins on September 7, 2007. The annual rental obligation is $42,384.
Our principal engineering, testing and research facility is located in approximately 6,700 square feet of leased office and warehouse space at BasePointe Business Park in Louisville, Tennessee, a suburb of Knoxville, Tennessee. During March 2007, we entered into a five-year lease agreement on this property, with an option to renew for an additional period of 60 months. The annual rent obligation is $75,634.
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In the ordinary course of business, the Company reconfigures and makes improvements to leased office and warehouse space. Expenditures for these types of activities over the next year are not expected to be significant. All leased property and contents are adequately covered by insurance. We believe that our leased office and warehouse space are generally in good condition and suitable to carry on our business. We also believe that, if required, suitable alternative or additional space will be available to us on commercially reasonable terms.
Item 3. Legal proceedings
On November 27, 2006, we were served with a complaint by Chiaphua Industries Limited, or Chiaphua, in the US District Court for the Eastern District of Tennessee, alleging that by our termination of a non-exclusive Manufacturing and Sales Agreement with Chiaphua dated April 2004, we have breached the contract and have interfered with certain advantageous business relationships with Chiaphua in connection with its supply of HVAC units to us. The complaint does not specify an amount of damages. A Motion to Dismiss the Complaint was filed on March 5, 2007 and the plaintiff subsequently filed an amended complaint. On May 7, 2007, we filed our reply brief in support of the Motion to Dismiss the First Amended Complaint. The plaintiff then filed an Amended Complaint, and we have filed an Amended Motion to Dismiss. On August 2, 2007, our motion to dismiss was denied. On August 22, 2007, we filed our Answer and Counterclaim to the Amended Complaint. The parties have completed the voluntary exchange of information and documents required under the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure and have exchanged initial requests for production of documents and interrogatories. The case has been set for trial the week of November 3, 2008. We believe we have meritorious defenses to all of the claims asserted in this action and will continue to vigorously defend our position; however, we cannot predict the outcome of this proceeding at this time, and cannot predict whether the outcome will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition.
During 2005 and 2006, we maintained professional services contracts with PB Constructors, Inc., or PB, a shareholder and a vendor, for consulting and construction program management services. On April 13, 2007, PB and its affiliate, CTV Holdings, Inc., or CTVH, served a complaint on us alleging, among other things, that, by making payments in stock instead of in cash, we had failed to satisfy our payment obligations under a Program Management Services Agreement, dated August 17, 2004, an Agreement for Professional Services, dated November 29, 2004, and an Agreement for Professional Services, dated January 1, 2006. PB also alleged that by having our internal staff perform construction program management services, we had deprived it of the material benefits of its agreements with us. PB is seeking damages for $23 million, including $20 million of alleged loss of profits. On May 29, 2007, we filed a Demand for Arbitration with the American Arbitration Association in Atlanta, Georgia requesting that the claims be arbitrated in Knoxville, Tennessee. On May 31, 2007, we filed a motion in the Supreme Court of the State of New York to compel arbitration of the claims in the complaint and to stay the action pending arbitration. On October 4, 2007, the Supreme Court granted IdleAire’s motion to compel PB to arbitrate all of their claims against IdleAire and to stay the action pending the outcome of the arbitration. With respect to CTVH’s single claim, the Supreme Court granted a stay of the action pending determination by the arbitrators on whether CTVH is a Necessary Party within the meaning of the Program Management Services Agreement. The parties have reactivated arbitration of the case filed by the Company with the AAA on May 29, 2007. PB has filed a $23 million counterclaim based on the same facts alleged in the New York Litigation. The issues in the arbitration are identical to those described above, other than those relating to CTVH, which was not compelled to arbitrate with the Company. The AAA has circulated several lists of potential arbitrators, but the arbitrator selection process is not complete. IdleAire and PB have tentatively agreed to an informal mediation of the parties’s claims and positions, but no date has been set for mediation or for the hearing in the arbitration. We will vigorously defend our position; however, we cannot predict the outcome of this proceeding, and cannot predict whether the outcome will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition.
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On February 29, 2008, an employee at the Watt Road location in Knoxville, Tennessee filed suit in the Chancery Court of Knox County claiming age discrimination, gender discrimination and retaliation. We have not been served with process as of the date of this report, but obtained a copy of the complaint on March 26, 2008, and has yet to file an answer or retain outside counsel. We believe the complaint to be baseless and without merit and intend to vigorously defend the allegations.
We are subject to various legal proceedings which arise in the ordinary course of business. While management believes that the amount of any ultimate liability with respect to these actions will not materially affect our financial position or results of operations, we cannot assure you that that will indeed be the case.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
On November 5, 2007, stockholders of IdleAire Technologies Corporation holding a majority of the voting rights of our common stock executed written consents in lieu of a special meeting authorizing the Board of Directors of the Company to take all steps necessary to effect a reverse stock split of our common stock in an exchange ratio of not less than 1:3 nor more than 1:5 (the “Reverse Stock Split”), with our Board of Directors retaining the discretion of whether to implement the Reverse Stock Split and which exchange ratio to implement, immediately prior to the closing of a proposed initial public offering of the Company’s common stock. The total number of votes represented in the executed written consents was equal to 68.3%, or 33,781,076 shares, of the 49,481,964 issued and outstanding voting common shares of the Company.
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PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
(a) Market Information
The Company’s common stock is not currently listed or traded on any stock exchange or public trading market.
As of December 31, 2007, we had outstanding 49,481,964 shares of common stock, options for 4,953,414 shares of our common stock, of which options for 3,588,688 shares were exercisable, and warrants to purchase 48,309,374 shares of our common stock, all of which are currently exercisable. As of December 31, 2007, we also had 17,171,448 outstanding shares of Series A Preferred, 12,566,774 outstanding shares of Series B Preferred, and 4,473,032 outstanding shares of Series C Preferred, all of which are convertible into common stock at the option of the holders. An aggregate of 83,693,218 shares of stock issued by the Company are restricted and may only be sold pursuant to registration under the Securities Act, Rule 144 or other exemptions under the Securities Act.
(b) Holders
As of December 31, 2007, we had 1,141 holders of record of our common stock, 741 holders of record of Series A Preferred, 866 holders of record of Series B Preferred and 311 holders of record of Series C Preferred.
(c) Dividends
We have not paid any cash dividends to date and do not anticipate or contemplate paying dividends in the foreseeable future. Pursuant to the Indenture dated as of December 30, 2005, we are restricted from paying dividends.
(d) Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans
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EQUITY COMPENSATION PLAN INFORMATION
Set forth below is information as of December 31, 2007 regarding our equity compensation plans.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Number of | | Weighted | | |
| | securities to be | | average | | |
| | issued upon | | exercise price | | Number of |
| | exercise of | | of outstanding | | securities |
| | outstanding | | options, | | remaining |
| | options, warrants | | warrants and | | available for |
Plan category | | and rights | | rights | | future issuance |
| | (a) | | (b) | | ( c) |
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders | | | 4,953,414 | | | $ | 2.00 | | | | 1,923,186 | |
|
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders | | | 0 | | | | n/a | | | | 0 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
Total | | | 4,953,414 | | | $ | 2.00 | | | | 1,923,186 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Incentive stock plan
Pursuant to our 2000 Incentive Stock Plan, all key employees, including officers, whether or not our directors are eligible to receive grants of options of our common stock. Our compensation committee of the board of directors administers the 2000 Incentive Stock Plan and selects the individuals who will receive grants and awards under the plan. We have reserved 10,000,000 shares of our common stock under the 2000 Incentive Stock Plan. As of December 31, 2007, 1,923,186 shares were still available for grant under the 2000 Incentive Stock Plan.
Option grants.The term of an incentive stock option or a non-qualified stock option may not exceed 10 years. Options granted under the 2000 Incentive Stock Plan are generally not transferable and are exercisable only by the option holder. Upon termination of an option holder’s employment for any reason other than death, or termination for cause, vested options terminate three months after termination, but in no event beyond the stated term of the option. If an option holder dies while employed, vested options terminate 12 months from the date of death, but in no event beyond the stated term of the option. If any option expires or is terminated prior to such option being exercised in full, shares of the common stock underlying such options may be re-allocated by the compensation committee.
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Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation
The following discussion should be read in connection with our financial statements, and notes to those financial statements, included elsewhere in thisForm 10-K.
Overview
We are the leading provider of comprehensive in-cab idle-reduction services to the heavy-duty trucking industry. Our services include heating, ventilation and air conditioning, or HVAC, electric power, Internet access, satellite television, telephone, and remote delivery of computer-based driver safety and training courses. We deliver these services through our patented ATE Advanced Travel Center Electrification®, or ATE system, comprised of an in-cab service module connected to an external HVAC unit mounted on a truss structure above parking spaces. We are the first company to develop a comprehensive cost-effective solution for travel center electrification and idle-reduction that provides significant value to key participants in the trucking industry and environmental benefits to the public at large. We believe we have gained a significant competitive advantage in the market by creating a recognizable brand and changing the way professional drivers rest and sleep in their heavy-duty trucks. Some of the key factors that influence our financial condition and results of operations are described below.
We have not been profitable since inception, and had a significant deficit in stockholders’ equity as of December 31, 2007. We have experienced and continue to experience negative operating margins and negative cash flows from operations. As a result, we have relied on securities offerings, government grants and borrowings to fund our operations. In particular, we completed a senior discount note and warrant offering in December 2005, the proceeds of which were used to fund the installation of ATE systems at numerous additional sites around the United States and to fund operations.
We expect to incur negative cash flows from operations through at least the end of 2008. Additionally, our first interest payment of $20.8 million is due on December 15, 2008. At December 31, 2007, we had cash on hand to sustain approximately four months of operations. Our long-term viability is predicated on meeting our short-term operating needs as well as making significant additional investments in our ATE network in order to execute our business plan. In September 2007, we filed a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission in connection with the sale of our common stock in a proposed initial public offering. We have not been able to complete that offering and access capital in the public equity market due to market conditions. Additionally, we have been unable to secure a credit facility to address our immediate working capital needs. If the Company is unable to secure near-term funding for its immediate working capital needs, it will be forced to cease operations and liquidate its assets through a bankruptcy proceeding.
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Our continuous losses and liquidity deficiencies raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern and, therefore, our ability to realize our assets and discharge our liabilities in the normal course of business. In January 2008, we instituted realignment efforts aimed at reducing costs and streamlining operations, which resulted in the elimination of 40 corporate positions and the reduction of approximately one full-time equivalent position per site. We estimate these reductions will result in approximately $4 million of annual savings. In an effort to further reduce operating expenses, we have temporarily suspended all construction activities, with the exception of one site partially funded by government grants. In the past, we have deposited funds in advance with our vendors and suppliers to secure discounted pricing and ensure prompt deliveries of key supplier materials. In light of our substantial slow-down in construction activities, we have asked and received refund of $2.1 million of our pre-paid deposits during the first quarter of 2008. We plan to aggressively seek an appropriate refund of the remaining balance of certain pre-paid deposits over the next few months. However, there is no assurance that our effort will be successful, and if so, whether we can obtain the refund promptly to meet our short-term operating needs.
The indenture governing our senior secured discount notes imposes significant operating and financial restrictions on us, which limit our ability to secure additional financing. We continue to explore various alternatives to improve our current and long-term financial position and secure other sources of financing, which could include sale of additional debt or equity securities, or a capital restructuring. In March 2008, we hired a third-party consulting firm to assist us in that regard. However, notwithstanding our efforts, there can be no assurance that additional financing will be available and, if so, will be on terms acceptable to us. Absent additional funding, the Company will be unable to continue as a going concern.
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ATE network expansion
As of December 31, 2007, our ATE systems were installed in 8,483 parking spaces at 130 locations across 34 states. The chart below shows the build-out of our network since December 2002.
Our long-term viability is predicated on meeting our short-term operating needs as well as making significant additional investments in our ATE network in order to execute our business plan. We believe that the attractiveness of our ATE service largely depends on the ability of truck drivers to access and use our ATE system along their routes without incurring additional travel time and expense. We believe that expanding our ATE network will improve the convenience and availability of our services, enhance brand awareness, and accelerate the use of our services by fleet owners and truck drivers. We began rapid expansion of this network in 2006, but dramatically reduced our construction activities in the fourth quarter of 2007 due to cash constraints. We suspended all further construction activities in January 2008, pending long-term funding.
At an average size travel center consisting of 65 installed parking spaces, the capital expenditures to construct a site are approximately $1.0 million, or about $15,000 per parking space. In addition to meeting our more immediate working capital needs, we will need substantial additional funds to resume our nationwide ATE network expansion, and cannot be certain that additional public or private financing will be available in amounts or on terms acceptable to us, or at all. If we are able to secure only minimal funding to meet our working capital needs, we will be unable to resume our network expansion and the growth of our business could be adversely affected.
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As we expand our ATE network, we review and refine periodically our site selection criteria in order to optimize the anticipated system utilization rate. Occasionally through this process, we decide to close underperforming sites. For example, in building some of our early sites under pilot projects funded by government grants, we installed our ATE system at locations stipulated by our public sector partners. Some of these sites did not prove to be commercially viable. In 2006, we closed and removed the equipment from five of these sites, resulting in a $0.7 million write-off of fixed assets for 2006. In 2007, we closed one additional site, resulting in a nominal write-off of fixed assets.
Key performance indicators
System utilization rates and our fleet usage rate are the key indicators we use to evaluate the operational performance of our ATE network, which we consider to be the major long-term driver of our financial performance.
| | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, |
| | 2007 | | 2006 |
System Utilization Rates: | | | | | | | | |
Comparable sites | | | 25.1 | % | | | 21.6 | % |
Overall | | | 22.4 | % | | | 19.5 | % |
Fleet usage rate | | | 40.4 | % | | | 36.4 | % |
System utilization rates.Our system utilization rates are calculated as the total hours of ATE system time used by our customers divided by the total hours available for use, assuming 24-hour availability for every parking space. We track utilization rates for our overall ATE system for sites with an operating history of at least 12 months, or “comparable sites”, as well as for individual sites, in order to evaluate overall system and individual site performance. Comparable site utilization rates are important to us because we believe they are indicative of utilization rates for a more mature ATE network. Our comparable site utilization rate has improved due to increased density of our ATE network (the “network effect”) and increased acceptance by truck drivers and fleet owners. For example, the average overall utilization rate for the last quarter of fiscal year 2007 was generally 5 full percentage points higher when compared to the same time period 2006.
Fleet usage rate.Our fleet usage rate is the percentage of fleet billed hours divided by the sum of total hours billed. Fleet billed hours are hours billed to fleet fuel cards, directly to fleet credit customers, and to special IdleAire cards which are backed by fleet credit cards and/or fleet direct billing. Fleet usage rate is an important metric to us because it demonstrates the degree to which our network configuration and marketing efforts are successful in attracting fleet customers. We believe approximately 70% to 80% of heavy-duty truck drivers are truck fleet employees, with the remaining being independent owner-operators. Owner-operators are independent contractors and are generally responsible for their own operating costs and expenses, including the purchase or lease of the truck, and payment of fuel, tires, oil and maintenance. As a result, we believe they may be more sensitive to cost-control than fleet drivers. We have experienced more seasonal fluctuations in system usage by owner-operators, as they tend to use our services more frequently when the temperatures are very warm or very cold. To the extent we are able to increase our fleet usage rate, we expect our business to be less prone to seasonal fluctuations due to weather conditions.
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Price of diesel fuel
Historically, the retail price of diesel fuel increased on a per gallon basis from less than $1.00 per gallon at the end of 1998 to approximately $3.95 per gallon today. Factors that affect the price of diesel fuel include the supply and demand of crude oil, tightness in refining capacity, seasonality and taxes. According to the Energy Information Administration, or EIA, of the US Department of Energy, retail diesel fuel prices are likely to remain elevated as long as crude oil prices and world demand for distillate fuels remain high. EIA expects that national average retail diesel fuel prices will hover around $3.62 per gallon through 2008.
Demand for our basic services may fluctuate as the price of diesel fuel changes. Our ATE system reduces the need for idling during federally mandated resting periods for drivers, saving approximately one gallon of diesel fuel otherwise consumed per hour of idling and reducing related engine wear and maintenance expense. Historically, we have charged fleet owners and independent truck drivers an hourly rate for our basic ATE services that is less than the hourly cost of fuel consumed while idling a heavy-duty diesel engine.
The table below shows the average retail hourly rate for our ATE basic services as compared to the national average price of diesel per gallon for the periods indicated:
| | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
Average retail rate per hour of basic service | | $ | 2.18 | | | $ | 2.12 | |
National average price of diesel per gallon(1) | | | 2.88 | | | | 2.71 | |
| | |
(1) | | Source: Energy Information Administration |
Our ability to market our basic ATE services to truck drivers depends largely on the cost of our services compared to the cost of diesel fuel. The price of diesel fluctuates. As a result, the appeal of our ATE services may lessen as the difference between the hourly rate for our basic services and the price of diesel narrows, and may grow to the extent the price of diesel rises more rapidly than the cost of our basic services. In addition, we may need to cut prices on our basic services to keep them competitive with the cost of diesel, which would cause our revenue to decline.
Trucking industry and general economic conditions
Since our customers are truck fleet owners and professional truck drivers, our business is tied to freight demand and the number of motor transport carriers in operation in the country. The trucking industry is highly cyclical and exhibits seasonality. We expect our business and results of operations to be affected by the same factors. For example, retailers tend to have a reduced demand for freight deliveries after the winter holiday season, and therefore we typically experience a seasonal fall-off in revenues after the winter holidays. The trucking industry is particularly sensitive to the consumer, industrial and manufacturing sectors of the economy. Downturns in consumer business cycles, or in the home construction, automobile or manufactured goods sectors, can reduce the demand for freight transport and reduce the demand for our services accordingly.
35
Results of operations
Our revenues are derived primarily from sales of our basic and premium services, ancillary product sales and the amortization of grant monies received. Our expenses are primarily comprised of direct site operations costs, the cost of our ancillary product sales, depreciation and amortization of our fixed assets and selling, general and administrative expenses.
Revenues
Basic and premium services, net.We derive revenue from the sale of basic ATE services, which are charged on an hourly basis, and premium services, which are generally sold in packages or blocks of time. Our service revenues also include revenues from the amortization of sales of annual gold card memberships. The gold card membership allows members to purchase our products and selected services at a discount for a pre-defined period, usually six months. Since gold card memberships and assorted prepaid plans are paid by drivers for future use, we defer recognition of all related revenues.
Ancillary products.We also derive revenue from the sale of ancillary products, including window adapters, telephones, keyboards, television remote controllers and coaxial and electrical power cables.
Grant revenues.Historically, we have derived a significant percentage of revenue from government grants that we have obtained, primarily under programs designed to foster diesel air emission reductions. Revenues from grants with continuing service requirements are recognized on a straight-line basis over the life of the grant contract. Revenues from grants otherwise designated for funding of revenue-generating equipment are recognized on a straight-line basis over the life of the respective equipment. Revenues from grants funded based on hours of emission reduction are recognized based on actual usage over the term of the grant.
Other revenues.Other revenues consist of any other revenues not specifically included in the above categories. Historically, it has included advertising revenues, phone commissions, fees, emission reduction credits and other miscellaneous revenues.
Expenses
Direct site operating costs.Our site costs and expenses primarily consist of (i) salaries and benefits for our on-site employees; (ii) lease consideration for parking spaces; (iii) cost of utilities, satellite television and movies; (iv) cost of network telecommunications; (v) ancillary cost of goods sold, and (vi) equipment maintenance costs. Direct site operating costs also include depreciation of revenue-generating equipment and accretion of asset retirement obligations.
Cost of ancillary product sales.Cost of ancillary product sales is the lower of the acquired cost or the market value of the item sold, using the average costing method.
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Depreciation and amortization expense.Depreciation expense is computed by the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of useful life or lease term.
Selling, general and administrative expenses.Selling, general and administrative expenses primarily consist of (i) employees’ salaries and benefits, (ii) property and equipment leases, (iii) marketing and sales, (iv) telephone and network communications, (v) travel, and (vi) other general operating expenses.
Asset disposals and impairments.Asset disposals and impairments consist principally of asset impairment charges, losses from settlement of asset retirement obligations and loss on disposal of fixed assets.
| • | | Impairment of long-lived assets.When indicators of impairment are present, we evaluate the carrying value of constructed revenue-generating assets in relation to the operating performance and future undiscounted cash flows of the underlying assets. Based on these evaluations, asset impairment is determined to exist if estimated future cash flows, undiscounted and without interest charges, are less than the carrying amount of the respective asset. |
|
| • | | Loss on settlement of asset retirement obligation.Our installation and lease agreements with travel centers typically require us to return the leased property to its original condition upon termination of the lease. We accrue this obligation over the life of the lease and record related accretion to cost of sales. When a site is closed and restored to its original condition, we record the differences in the accrued obligation and the actual cost to loss on settlement of asset retirement obligation. |
|
| • | | Loss on disposal of fixed assets.From time to time, we identify damaged or unusable equipment, and write off such fixed assets. A modification to our service platform equipment may also render certain revenue-generating equipment obsolete, resulting in a write-off of fixed assets. |
Interest expense, net.Interest expense relates primarily to debt incurred in order to finance our network build-out. In all periods, interest expense is net of interest income. Interest expense is primarily comprised of accrued interest on our senior secured discount notes at the stated coupon rate, as well as interest method amortization over the life of the notes for original issue discount on the senior secured discount notes, debt discount generated from the bifurcation of value to the detachable warrants, and the deferred financing costs associated with the senior secured discount notes. Interest expense is net of amounts capitalized to revenue-generating assets during installation periods. Interest income is derived primarily from income from short-term investments of cash in excess of immediate cash requirements.
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The following table sets forth the results of our operations for the periods presented:
| | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
(in thousands) | | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Net revenues: | | | | | | | | |
Basic and premium services, net | | $ | 31,773 | | | $ | 10,911 | |
Ancillary product sales | | | 1,868 | | | | 1,153 | |
| | |
Net product revenues | | | 33,641 | | | | 12,064 | |
Grant revenues | | | 3,239 | | | | 1,513 | |
Other revenues | | | 345 | | | | 400 | |
| | |
Total net revenues | | | 37,225 | | | | 13,977 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | |
Direct site operating costs (excluding depreciation and amortization) | | | 50,795 | | | | 23,363 | |
Cost of ancillary product sales | | | 1,154 | | | | 835 | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 22,583 | | | | 9,467 | |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | | | 20,974 | | | | 16,091 | |
Asset disposals and impairments | | | 1,640 | | | | 4,803 | |
| | |
Total operating expenses | | | 97,146 | | | | 54,559 | |
| | |
| | | | | | | | |
Loss from operations | | | (59,921 | ) | | | (40,582 | ) |
Interest expense, net | | | (33,521 | ) | | | (19,703 | ) |
| | |
Net loss | | $ | (93,442 | ) | | $ | (60,285 | ) |
| | |
The following table sets forth certain operating data as a percentage of net product revenues for the periods presented:
| | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
(as a percentage of net product revenues) | | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Net revenues: | | | | | | | | |
Basic and premium services, net | | | 94.4 | % | | | 90.4 | % |
Ancillary product sales | | | 5.6 | | | | 9.6 | |
| | |
Net product revenues | | | 100.0 | | | | 100.0 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | |
Direct site operating costs (excluding depreciation and amortization) | | | 151.0 | | | | 193.7 | |
Cost of ancillary product sales | | | 3.4 | | | | 6.9 | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 67.1 | | | | 78.5 | |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | | | 62.3 | | | | 133.4 | |
Asset disposals and impairments | | | 4.9 | | | | 39.8 | |
| | |
Total operating expenses | | | 288.7 | % | | | 452.3 | % |
| | |
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Year ended December 31, 2007 compared to year ended December 31, 2006
Total net revenues.Total net revenues increased $23.2 million or 166% for 2007 compared to 2006. The growth in total net revenues was principally due to the 202% increase in total hours of usage, which in turn was driven by the increase in the number of ATE sites and corresponding increase in the number of parking spaces available for rent. In addition, we raised the retail hourly rate for our basic services from $1.88 to $2.18, or 16%, in March 2006, but we did not raise any of our other rates. However, customer discounts and promotional campaigns were more heavily utilized in 2007, increasing from $1.9 million for 2006 to $6.5 million for 2007, or 13% and 16% of gross product revenues, respectively.
Gross revenue from premium services increased from $2.0 million for 2006 to $5.1 million for 2007, but declined as a percentage of gross service revenue (i.e. total net revenues from basic and premium services) from 16% to 13% over the respective periods. We believe this is due to the additional sites added during this period. Between 2006 and 2007, we added 31 new sites to our nationwide ATE network, making our ATE system more easily accessible to truck drivers. We believe that since we have installed more ATE systems at convenient locations, drivers stayed for a longer period of time, but use of our premium services as a percentage of gross revenue declined as they did not use our premium services during every visit. Sales of our premium services increased in numbers, but declined as a percentage of visits. For example, a movie was purchased during approximately 11% of our customer visits during 2006 as compared to only 8% during 2007.
Ancillary product sales increased $0.7 million or 62% for 2007 compared to 2007, but declined as a percentage of net product revenues from 10% to 6%. We believe this is also due to the increase of sites between the periods. The largest component of ancillary product sales are our adapter sales, but these are primarily sold only to first-time users and the percentage of new users in our customer base dropped from 11% during 2006 to 6% during 2007. As we continue to expand our customer base, we expect that the percentage of total customers composed of first-time users will continue to decline.
In addition, grant revenues increased $1.7 million, or 114% in 2007. We collected $12.6 million in grants during 2007, of which $2.0 million represented incremental amortization to grant revenues, less $0.3 million of 2006 amortization associated with grants for which all service requirements were completed in 2006.
Direct site operating costs.Direct site operating costs (excluding depreciation and amortization) increased $27.4 million or 117% for 2007 as compared to 2006. As a percentage of net product revenues, direct site operating costs decreased from 194% for 2006 to 151% for 2007, principally due to the reduction in site-level salaries and benefits as a percentage of net product revenues from 111% of net product revenues, or $13.3 million, for 2006 to 94% of net product revenues, or $31.6 million for 2007, as a result of our ability to better leverage our on-site employees. In addition, our network expansion allowed us to achieve telecommunication and network economies of scale as well as a reduction in the per-unit cost of certain ancillary inventory items.
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Direct site operating costs also include depreciation of revenue-generating equipment. Depreciation of revenue-generating equipment was $20.6 million and $8.5 million for 2007 and 2006, respectively. Depreciation has increased as a result of our network expansion.
Selling, general and administrative expenses.Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $4.9 million or 30% from 2006 to 2007, but declined as a percentage of net product revenues from 133% for 2006 to 62% for 2007. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased across all periods as we have continued to invest in our corporate infrastructure to support our network expansion. However, selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of net product revenues has continued to decline relative to the increasing revenue base.
In addition, for 2007 as compared to 2006:
| • | | Corporate headcount increased 13% from 220 employees at December 31, 2006 to 249 employees at December 31, 2007. Total salaries and benefits were $14.5 million and $10.2 million for 2007 and 2006, respectively, or $10.3 million and $7.3 million, respectively, presented net of research and development, marketing and sales personnel costs. |
|
| • | | Research and development costs increased 44% from $2.3 million for 2006 to $3.3 million for 2007, which includes salaries and benefits of $1.9 million for 2006 and $2.7 million for 2007, as the number of research and development personnel increased from 29 at December 31, 2006 to 38 at December 31, 2007. |
|
| • | | Marketing and sales expenses increased 81% from $1.7 million for 2006 to $3.2 million for 2007, which includes salaries and benefits of $0.9 million and $1.5 million, respectively. Between 2006 and 2007, staffing grew by three persons and salaries and benefits increased $0.6 million. Marketing expense increased by $0.5 million from 2006 to 2007 primarily due to increased trade show attendance and an increase in marketing consulting fees. |
|
| • | | Director fees increased $0.2 million for 2007 compared to 2006 principally due to stock compensation costs. |
Asset disposals and impairments.We continue to review and evaluate our site selection criteria. In 2006, we identified ten underperforming sites (“noncore sites”) which no longer met our current site selection criteria. Based on this evaluation, we closed five of these sites, recorded a $0.3 million loss on settlement of asset retirement obligations and wrote off approximately $0.7 million of fixed assets. We also recorded a $1.3 million impairment charge attributable to the other five sites that remained operational as of December 31, 2006. Additionally, we determined that certain potential sites were no longer viable candidates for short-term site selection and wrote off $0.6 million of capitalized site survey costs during 2006.
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During 2007, we closed an additional site, which resulted in a nominal write off of fixed assets, and recorded a $0.9 million impairment charge, attributed principally to a non-core site. We continue to evaluate the commercial viability of the remaining four underperforming sites.
As a result of ongoing modifications and evaluations of site equipment, the Company continues to identify obsolete, damaged or unusable equipment, and wrote off such fixed assets of $0.7 million and $1.9 million in 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Total asset disposal and impairment charges were $1.6 million and $4.8 million for 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Interest expense, net.Net interest expense increased $13.8 million for 2007 compared to 2006 due to an increase of $6.6 million in interest expense associated with our debt, a decrease of $5.2 million in interest income associated with a lower investing base, and a decrease of $2.0 million in capitalized interest during 2007. Interest capitalization was lower for 2007 as compared to 2006 because of fewer sites constructed during 2007 compared to 2006.
Liquidity and capital resources
See discussion under “Overview” regarding our liquidity issues and going concern considerations.
Senior secured discount notes
On December 30, 2005, we raised approximately $234.8 million through the sale of $320.0 million of senior secured discount notes and detachable common stock warrants. The net proceeds (after fees and expenses and repayment of debt) of $207.6 million are being used to fund our current ATE network expansion and interim operating losses.
Of the $207.6 million, approximately $201.6 million was initially held in a disbursement account, and therefore accounted for as restricted cash and investments. Funds in the disbursement account were released as needed from time to time to pay for the development, construction and operation of ATE network and general corporate and other operating expenses. As of September 4, 2007, there were no funds remaining in the disbursement account.
Our senior secured discount notes rank senior in right of payment to all existing and future subordinated indebtedness and equal in right of payment with all other existing and future senior indebtedness. Our senior secured discount notes are unconditionally guaranteed on a senior secured basis by any future domestic restricted subsidiaries. Our senior secured discount notes are secured by substantially all of our tangible and intangible assets.
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The indenture governing our senior secured discount notes imposes significant operating and financial restrictions on us. These restrictions may limit or prohibit, among other things, our ability to:
| • | | incur additional indebtedness or issue certain preferred stock; |
|
| • | | pay dividends, redeem subordinated debt or make other restricted payments; |
|
| • | | issue capital stock of any subsidiary we may establish; |
|
| • | | change our line of business; |
|
| • | | transfer or sell assets; |
|
| • | | make certain investments or acquisitions; |
|
| • | | grant liens on our assets; |
|
| • | | enter into certain transactions with affiliates; and |
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| • | | merge, consolidate or transfer substantially all of our assets. |
Events beyond our control could affect our ability to meet the financial ratios and financial condition tests and to comply with other provisions under our senior secured discount notes. Our failure to comply with these obligations could cause an event of default under our senior secured discount notes. If an event of default occurs under the indenture, there can be no assurance that we would have sufficient assets to repay all of our obligations.
On September 17, 2007, we amended the indenture to provide that upon completion of a public offering of common stock, we will be required to deliver shares of our common stock to an escrow agent for the benefit of holders of our senior secured discount notes. These shares will be held in escrow until the end of 360 days after the closing of an offering.
Under the indenture, we may enter into a senior credit facility of up to $25.0 million.
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Cash flows
Cash flows from operating, financing and investing activities are summarized in the following table for the stated periods:
| | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, |
(in thousands) | | 2007 | | 2006 |
|
Cash used in operating activities | | $ | (13,093 | ) | | $ | (34,093 | ) |
Cash provided by investing activities | | | 6,414 | | | | 45,243 | |
Cash used in financing activities | | | (1,460 | ) | | | (444 | ) |
| | |
Net increase (decrease) in cash | | $ | (8,139 | ) | | $ | 10,706 | |
| | |
Operating activities.Our operating cash inflows consist principally of cash received from customers and grant monies received from governmental agencies, not all of which result in immediate revenue recognition, for the following reasons:
| • | | Customers frequently purchase gold card memberships and assorted prepaid plans for future use. As of December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006, we have deferred recognition of related trade revenues of approximately $2.0 million, and $1.2 million, respectively, to future periods. |
|
| • | | Through December 31, 2007, we have been awarded approximately $55.6 million in cumulative-to-date grant assistance from governmental agencies. Of this amount, grants for $19.5 million have either expired or terminated. Grants may expire or terminate for various reasons, including layout issues with travel center operators, issues related to local permits, or a determination that the site no longer meets our site selection criteria. We record grant awards and the related deferred revenue at the time an invoice is issued to the respective governmental agency. The process of recognizing revenue over the relevant amortization period begins at the time the grant monies are received. However, grant revenue is typically recognized over the life of the grant, which in most cases, corresponds to the capital expenditure outlay involved in the build-out. From inception through December 31, 2007, we have collected $25.1 million of grants and deferred recognition of $16.9 million of related revenue to future periods. Of the remaining $10.5 million in contractually available grant monies, we expect such amounts to become collectible as additional sites become operational. However, there can be no assurance that all amounts will be collected. |
Our operating cash outflows consist principally of site operating costs and selling, general and administrative expenses (which includes research and development and sales and marketing expenses). Such costs currently exceed operating cash inflows. Our site operating costs generally vary directly with site operating revenues, with the exception of salaries and benefits, property taxes and certain network costs.
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Our net cash used in operating activities during 2007 and 2006 is principally due to our site operating expenses and selling, general and administrative expenses exceeding revenues. In addition to changes from increases in operating expenses between periods, additional changes in operating activities include: a $22.9 million increase in cash from trade revenues; a $10.2 million increase in grant collections; a $0.9 million increase in interest income; and the disposal of $15.0 million in short-term trading securities for cash.
Investing activities.The $6.4 million provided by investing activities during 2007 was primarily due to the release of approximately $38.4 million of restricted cash to operations which, combined with $2.7 million of existing prepayments, was used to purchase $34.8 million of equipment for new sites, and to fund operating losses.
The $45.2 million provided by investing activities for 2006 was primarily due to the release of approximately $169.7 million of restricted cash to operations, which was used to purchase and prepay deposits for equipment used for our network expansion of approximately $124.5 million, as well as funding our operating losses.
Financing activities.The net cash used in financing activities of $1.5 million during 2007 included primarily offering costs incurred of $1.2 million and payments on capital lease obligations of $0.4 million, offset by $0.1 million received from the exercise of stock options and warrants. The net cash used in financing activities of $0.4 million for 2006 included debt financing costs incurred of $0.5 million offset by $0.1 million received from the exercise of stock options and warrants.
Off-balance sheet arrangements
We have not engaged in any off-balance sheet financing activities except for leases which are properly classified as operating leases.
Recently issued accounting pronouncements
Information regarding new accounting pronouncements is included in Note 2 to the Company’s Financial Statements.
Critical accounting policies, judgments and estimates
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts and related disclosures. In addition to the estimates presented below, there are other items within our financial statements that require estimation, but are not deemed critical as defined below. We believe these estimates are reasonable and appropriate. However, if actual experience differs from the assumptions and other considerations used, the resulting changes could have a material effect on the financial statements taken as a whole.
Management believes the following policies and estimates are critical because they involve significant judgments, assumptions, and estimates. Management has discussed the development and selection of its critical accounting estimates with the audit committee of our board of directors, and the audit committee has reviewed the disclosures presented below relating to those policies and estimates.
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Revenue Recognition.Revenue for services is recognized as service is completed; revenue from ancillary product sales is recognized at the point of sale. Reported revenues exclude sales tax. Revenue is recorded net of promotional, contractual and customer service discounts as the Company continues to utilize significant discounts to introduce its services to truck drivers at travel centers, truck fleet terminals and other locations. Deferred trade revenue represents unutilized balances from the sale of prepaid cards and member cards.
Grant revenue is recognized as follows: (i) grants with continuing service requirements are recognized on a straight-line basis over the life of the contract; (ii) grants otherwise designated for funding of revenue-generating equipment are recognized on a straight-line basis over the life of the respective equipment; and (iii) grants funded based on hours of emission reduction are recognized based on actual usage over the term of the grant. Deferred grant revenue represents that portion of grant monies billed or received but not yet earned.
Impairment of long-lived assets.When indicators of impairment are present, we evaluate the carrying value of constructed revenue-generating assets in relation to the operating performance and future undiscounted cash flows of the underlying assets in accordance with SFAS No. 144,Accounting for the Disposal or Impairment of Long-Lived Assets. Based on these evaluations, asset impairment is determined to exist if estimated future cash flows, undiscounted and without interest charges, are less than the carrying amount of the respective asset group. The corresponding impairment loss is calculated as the difference between the asset group’s fair value and carrying value, and is included with “Asset disposals and impairments” in the accompanying income statement. Fair value is calculated using probability-weighted future cash flows, discounted at the risk-free rate.
Inherent in the analysis of impairment are subjective judgments about future cash flows and the identification of “asset groups” and “primary assets” as defined in SFAS No. 144. All revenue-generating assets are deployed to sites covered by long-term leases; accordingly, we define asset groups at the lease level. We deem our trusses, which represent the single largest investment at any one site and the platform for our service delivery model, to be the “primary asset” for purposes of determining the remaining cash flow period. Our trusses have a 15-year useful life. Failure to make appropriate conclusions regarding any one of these judgments may result in an overstatement of the value of long-lived assets.
From time to time, we may make strategic decisions to close existing sites. If sites to be closed constitute components, as defined by SFAS No. 144, and will not result in a migration of customers and cash flows, these closures will be considered discontinued operations when the related assets meet the criteria to be classified as held for sale, or at the cease-use date, whichever occurs first. The results of operations of discontinued operations are presented retroactively, net of tax, as a separate component in the statement of operations, if material individually or cumulatively. To date, no site closings have been material individually or cumulatively.
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Asset retirement obligations.Our lease agreements with our travel centers generally require us to return the leased property to its original condition upon termination of the lease. These obligations represent asset retirement obligations subject to SFAS No. 143,Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligationsand FASB Interpretation 47,Accounting for Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations—an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 143.We estimate our obligations based on the amount a third party would charge us to perform such activities. Historical closure activities provide a basis for those estimates. Inherent in the calculation of asset retirement obligations are assumptions regarding our credit-adjusted risk-free interest rate, the rate of inflation and the expected settlement date of the obligation. Settlement dates generally represent the lesser of the estimated useful life of the constructed assets or the life of the lease, and are evaluated using site-specific facts and circumstances.
It is possible that actual results, including the amount of costs incurred and the timing of those events, could be significantly different from our estimates and assumptions. To the extent that such estimates, or related assumptions, prove to be significantly different from actual results, lower profitability may be experienced as we settle these obligations.
Share-based compensation.We account for share-based payments to employees in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 123—revised 2004,Share-Based Payment,or SFAS 123(R). Under the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS 123(R), stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award. For awards with graded vesting, we have elected to recognize the expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is the vesting period.
Since we used the minimum-value method to measure pro forma compensation cost for employee stock options under SFAS 123, we were required to use the prospective method upon adoption of SFAS 123(R). Under the prospective method, we continue to account for our nonvested awards outstanding at the date of adoption using the provisions of APB 25; all awards granted, modified or settled after the date of adoption are accounted for using the measurement recognition and attribution provisions of SFAS 123(R).
We use the Black-Scholes-Merton standard option pricing model, or Black-Scholes model, to determine the fair value of stock options. Calculating stock-based compensation expense requires the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the estimated fair value of our outstanding shares, the expected term of the stock-based awards, stock price volatility, and pre-vesting option forfeitures. The assumptions used in calculating the fair value of stock-based awards represent our best estimates, but these estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management judgment. As a result, when assumptions change, stock-based compensation expense could be materially different in the future.
Our computation of expected term was calculated as the simple average of the weighted average vesting period and the contractual life of the option, as permitted by the “shortcut approach” in Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107 and No. 110,Share-Based Payment. The risk-free interest rate for periods within the contractual life of the option is based on the United States treasury yield for a term consistent with the expected life of the stock option in effect at the time of grant. We have never declared or paid any cash dividends and do not presently plan to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Prior to January 1, 2006, we used the minimum value method to measure stock compensation cost, which excludes the effects of expected volatility. Since our stock is not publicly traded and we have no historical data on volatility of our stock, the expected volatility used for purposes of computing fair value is based on the historical volatility of similar public companies (referred to as “guideline companies”). In evaluating similarity, we considered factors such as industry, stage of life cycle, size, and financial leverage. The amount of stock-based compensation expense we recognize during a period is based on the portion of the awards that are ultimately expected to vest. We estimate option forfeitures at the time of grant and revise those estimates in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates.
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The Black-Scholes model was developed for use in estimating the fair value of traded options that have no vesting restrictions and are fully transferable, characteristics not present in our option grants. Existing valuation models, including the Black-Scholes and lattice binomial models, may not provide reliable measures of the fair values of our stock-based compensation. Consequently, there is a risk that our estimates of the fair values of our stock-based compensation awards on the grant dates may bear little resemblance to the actual values realized upon the exercise or forfeiture of those stock-based awards in the future. Some employee stock options may expire worthless, or only realize minimal intrinsic value, as compared to the fair values originally estimated on the grant date and recognized in our financial statements.
Alternatively, some employee stock options may realize significantly more value than the fair values originally estimated on the grant date and recognized in our financial statements. Currently, there is no market-based mechanism or other practical application to verify the liability and accuracy of the estimates stemming from these valuation models, nor is there a means to compare and adjust the estimates to actual values.
The guidance in SFAS 123(R) is relatively new. The application of these principles may be subject to further interpretation and refinement over time. There are significant differences among valuation models, and there is a possibility that we may adopt different valuation models in the future. This may result in a lack of consistency in future periods and materially affect the fair value estimate of stock-based awards. It may also result in a lack of comparability with other companies that use different models, methods and assumptions.
Management is primarily responsible for our estimates of fair value. In so doing, management considers a number of factors, including information provided by or resulting from transactions with third parties. In December 2005, we completed a discount notes and warrants offering that resulted in substantial dilution to existing stockholders. In conjunction with the transaction, we performed a business enterprise valuation using discounted cash flow analyses so as to price the corresponding debt and detachable warrants. To further corroborate the fair value estimate, we compared the imputed rate on the notes against a range of plausible interest rate scenarios assuming that the debt had been issued without the detachable warrants. This process resulted in a valuation of $0.82 per share of common stock.
We have historically granted stock options at exercise prices equivalent to the fair value of our common stock as of the date of grant, as determined by taking into account our most recently available valuation of common stock. The aforementioned valuation served as the basis for subsequent assessments of fair value through the first quarter of 2007. The majority of our 2006 stock option issuances were made on April 1. We deemed $0.82 per share to be an appropriate valuation as there had been no substantial change in our business fundamentals in the preceding three months. Most of that quarter was dedicated to hiring appropriate personnel, reevaluating our site selection criteria and securing supplier commitments so as to begin full scale execution of our ATE expansion. We built only one site during the first quarter of 2006.
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We began 2006 with only 24 sites and, at December 31, 2006, had 99 sites across 26 states. As a result, we transitioned from a stage characterized by mezzanine financing obtained to provide growth to an IPO to a “bridge to IPO” stage with a planned near-term liquidity event. In February 2007, we engaged an unrelated valuation firm to assist us with a valuation of our common stock as of December 31, 2006. Their final business enterprise valuation report was delivered in May 2007 and consisted of two valuation methods: (i) a venture capital market comparable valuation method under the market approach and (ii) a discounted cash flow method under the income approach. Both approaches yielded comparable business enterprise values.
The market-comparable approach estimates the fair market value of a company by applying market multiples of publicly-traded companies in similar lines of business to their results and projected results. Because we are in an emerging market, we often compare ourselves to a blend of industry sectors, including environmental, hospitality, facility services, telecommunications, technology, trucking and logistics. The income approach requires the application of an appropriate risk-adjusted discount rate to projected debt-free cash flows, based on forecasted revenue, costs and capital expenditures.
We provided financial forecasts to be used in the computation of business enterprise value. The financial forecasts were based on assumed revenue growth rates that took into account our past experience and future expectations. The risk associated with achieving this forecast was assessed in selecting a weighted average cost of capital of 22.5%, with an assumed initial public offering liquidation event 15 months from the valuation date. The proceeds were then allocated to the different equity classes, giving consideration of liquidation preferences to our convertible preferred stock. This resulted in a valuation of $2.21 per share of common stock. The increase in our valuation from $0.82 to $2.21 was principally the result of a decrease in our weighted average cost of capital from 37.5% to 22.5%, consistent with our transition between stages of enterprise development.
Management prepared an internal update to the December 31, 2006 valuation effective June 30, 2007, using the income approach. In making our determination of fair value, we considered a variety of factors. Because we are still an early stage company in a highly capital-intensive industry, most of our enterprise value is derived from residual cash flow in later years; and because we are also in an emerging market, those cash flows are highly subjective. Management frequently evaluates changes in projections to future cash flows resulting from the implementation of our business strategy, including the achievement of significant qualitative and quantitative milestones relating to, among other things, our system utilization rate, our fleet usage rate and the progress of our nationwide ATE network expansion plan. Management assumed a six month liquidity event and no change to the weighted average cost of capital of 22.5%, which resulted in a valuation of $2.58 per common share.
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During the first quarter of 2007, we experienced a slow-down in our construction pace and improvements to system utilization rates were slower than forecasted. As a result, we made corresponding reductions to our long-term revenue growth assumptions, including delayed network effect. With a less aggressive but still robust expansion plan, our modified forecast reduced the assumed inherent fixed costs associated with the more aggressive previous site expansion assumptions, resulting in improvements to margins. Additionally, we identified future opportunities to more efficiently utilize on-site employees through certain geographic synergies, resulting in additional potential cost savings. The aforementioned factors, offset by a reduction in our assumed long-term revenue growth rates, resulted in the valuation increase from $2.21 to $2.58 per share.
The following table summarizes by quarter the number of shares subject to options granted between January 1, 2006 and December 31, 2007, the weighted average exercise price, the reassessed weighted average grant date fair value of the options, and the weighted average intrinsic value. Retrospective adjustments from the aforementioned valuations are reflected in the reassessed fair value and weighted average intrinsic value of granted options.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Weighted | | |
| | | | | | Weighted | | average | | Weighted |
| | | | | | average | | calculated | | average |
| | | | | | exercise | | grant date | | intrinsic |
| | Shares | | price | | fair value | | value |
| | |
Quarter ended | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
March 31, 2006 | | | 31,575 | | | $ | 0.85 | | | $ | 0.44 | | | $ | — | |
June 30, 2006 | | | 824,000 | | | | 0.82 | | | | 0.44 | | | | — | |
September 30, 2006 | | | 16,500 | | | | 0.82 | | | | 0.45 | | | | — | |
December 31, 2006 | | | 36,000 | | | | 0.82 | | | | 1.69 | | | | 1.39 | |
March 30, 2007 | | | 27,500 | | | | 0.82 | | | | 1.63 | | | | 1.39 | |
June 30, 2007 | | | 208,579 | | | | 2.19 | | | | 0.90 | | | | 0.39 | |
September 30, 2007 | | | 895,000 | | | | 2.21 | | | | 1.05 | | | | 0.37 | |
December 31, 2007 | | | 500 | | | | 2.58 | | | | 1.10 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | |
| | | 2,039,654 | | | $ | 1.57 | | | $ | 0.79 | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
We recorded stock-based compensation expense of $0.7 million and $0.2 million during 2007 and 2006, respectively. As of December 31, 2007, we had $0.9 million of unrecognized stock-based compensation costs related to stock options granted pursuant to our 2000 Incentive Stock Plan. The unrecognized compensation cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.58 years as of December 31, 2007. The aggregate intrinsic values of vested and unvested options to purchase shares of our common stock at December 31, 2007 were $4.1 million and $2.9 million, respectively.
Litigation and other contingencies.Management regularly evaluates our exposure to threatened or pending litigation and other business contingencies. Because of the uncertainties related to the amount of loss from litigation and other business contingencies, the recording of losses relating to such exposures requires significant judgment about the potential range of outcomes. As additional information about current or future litigation or other contingencies becomes available, our management will assess whether such information warrants the recording of additional expense. Management is not aware of any potential losses that would require accrual at December 31, 2006 or December 31, 2007.
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Accounting for income taxes.At December 31, 2007, we had federal and state net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $245.8 million and $244.8 million, respectively. If not utilized, these federal and state net operating loss carryforwards will begin to expire at various dates beginning in 2015. The Tax Reform Act of 1986 limits the use of net operating loss carryforwards in certain situations where changes occur in the stock ownership of a company. In the event we have a change in ownership in the future, utilization of these carryforwards could be limited.
A valuation allowance has been established to reserve the potential benefits of these carryforwards in our financial statements to reflect the uncertainty of future taxable income required to utilize available tax loss carryforwards and other deferred tax assets. In June 2006 the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48,Accounting for Uncertainties in Income Taxes, an interpretation of SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes, or FIN 48. FIN 48 prescribes a comprehensive model for how companies should recognize, measure, present and disclose in their financial statements uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return. Under FIN 48, tax positions must initially be recognized in the financial statements when it is more likely than not the position will be sustained upon examination by the tax authorities. Such tax positions must initially and subsequently be measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the tax authority assuming full knowledge of the position and relevant facts.
On January 1, 2007, we adopted FIN 48. At the adoption date and as of December 31, 2007, we had no uncertain tax positions and no adjustments to liabilities or retained earnings were required.
We recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense, which was $0 for 2006 and 2007.
There are no income tax examinations currently in process. However, due to our historical net operating loss position, all tax attributes are subject to adjustment upon examination.
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
The information required by this item is attached hereto beginning at page F-1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
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Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
None.
Item 9A(T). Controls and Procedures
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Our system of internal control over financial reporting includes policies and procedures pertaining to the Company’s ability to record, process, and report reliable information. The system is designed to provide reasonable assurance to both management and the Board of Directors regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements.
Our management assessed the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007. In making this assessment, it used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in “Internal Control – Integrated Framework.” Based on this assessment, management concluded that, as of December 31, 2007, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting is effective based on those criteria.
Internal control over financial reporting cannot provide absolute assurance of achieving financial reporting objectives because of its inherent limitations. Internal control over financial reporting is a process that involves human diligence and is subject to lapses in judgment or breakdowns resulting from human failures. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect all misstatements. Further, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
This annual report does not include an attestation report of the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by its independent registered public accounting firm pursuant to temporary rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission that permit the Company to provide only management’s report in this annual report.
Changes In Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by paragraph (d) of Exchange Act Rules 13a-15 that was conducted during the quarter ended December 31, 2007 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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Item 9B. Other Information
None.
PART III
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
The information required by Item 10 of Part III of Form 10-K is expected to be filed by amendment to this Form 10-K no later than April 30, 2008.
Item 11. Executive Compensation
The information required by Item 11 of Part III of Form 10-K is expected to be filed by amendment to this Form 10-K no later than April 30, 2008.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
The information required by Item 12 of Part III of Form 10-K is expected to be filed by amendment to this Form 10-K no later than April 30, 2008.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
The information required by Item 13 of Part III of Form 10-K is expected to be filed by amendment to this Form 10-K no later than April 30, 2008.
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Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services
The information required by Item 14 of Part III of Form 10-K is expected to be filed by amendment to this Form 10-K no later than April 30, 2008.
Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules
(a) Documents Filed as Part of this Report
| 1. | | The financial statement schedules and related data listed in the accompanying Index beginning on page F-1 are filed as a part of this report. |
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| 2. | | The exhibits listed in the accompanying Index beginning on page E-1 are filed as a part of this report. |
(b) Exhibits
See the accompanying Index beginning on page E-1.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| | | | |
| IdleAire Technologies Corporation | |
Date: April 15, 2008 | By: | /s/ Michael C. Crabtree | |
| | Michael C. Crabtree | |
| | President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) | |
|
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the date indicated.
| | | | |
Signatures | | Title | | Date |
| | | | |
/s/ Michael C. Crabtree Michael C. Crabtree | | President and Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer) | | April 15, 2008 |
/s/ Paul W. Boyd Paul W. Boyd | | Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (Principal Financial Officer) | | April 15, 2008 |
/s/ David Everhart David Everhart | | Director | | April 15, 2008 |
/s/ Lana Batts Lana Batts | | Director | | April 15, 2008 |
/s/ Dan H. Felton III Dan H. Felton III | | Director | | April 15, 2008 |
/s/ Steve Kirkham Steve Kirkham | | Director | | April 15, 2008 |
/s/ Lewis Frazer III Lewis Frazer III | | Director | | April 15, 2008 |
/s/ Thomas (Mack) McLarty Thomas (Mack) McLarty Director | | Director | | April 15, 2008 |
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IdleAire Technologies Corporation
EXHIBIT INDEX TO ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K FOR THE FISCAL YEAR
ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007
| | |
Exhibit No. | | Description |
| | |
3.1.1 | | Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, dated May 7, 2002 (filed with the registration statement on Form 10-SB on May 2, 2006) |
| | |
3.1.2 | | Certificate of Designation of Voting Powers, Designations, Preferences, Limitations, Restrictions and Relative Rights of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock of IdleAire Technologies Corporation, dated December 30, 2002 (filed with the registration statement on Form 10-SB on May 2, 2006) |
| | |
3.1.3 | | First Certificate of Amendment to Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of IdleAire Technologies Corporation, dated November 11, 2003 (filed with the registration statement on Form 10-SB on May 2, 2006) |
| | |
3.1.4 | | First Amendment to Certificate of Designation of Voting Powers, Designations, Preferences, Limitations, Restrictions and Relative Rights of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock of IdleAire Technologies Corporation, dated November 11, 2003 (filed with the registration statement on Form 10-SB on May 2, 2006) |
| | |
3.1.5 | | Certificate of Designation of Voting Powers, Designations, Preferences, Limitations, Restrictions and Relative Rights of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock of IdleAire Technologies Corporation, dated November 11, 2003 (filed with the registration statement on Form 10-SB on May 2, 2006) |
| | |
3.1.6 | | First Amendment to Certificate of Designation of Voting Powers, Designations, Preferences, Limitations, Restrictions and Relative Rights of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock of IdleAire Technologies Corporation, dated October 29, 2004 (filed with the registration statement on Form 10-SB on May 2, 2006) |
| | |
3.1.7 | | Certificate of Designation of Voting Powers, Designations, Preferences, Limitations, Restrictions and Relative Rights of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock of IdleAire Technologies Corporation, dated November 3, 2004 (filed with the registration statement on Form 10-SB on May 2, 2006) |
| | |
3.1.8 | | Second Certificate of Amendment to Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of IdleAire Technologies Corporation, dated December 21, 2005 (filed with the registration statement on Form 10-SB on May 2, 2006) |
| | |
3.1.9 | | Third Certificate of Amendment to Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of IdleAire Technologies Corporation, dated January 20, 2006 (filed with the registration statement on Form 10-SB on May 2, 2006) |
| | |
3.2 | | Bylaws of IdleAire Technologies Corporation (filed with the registration statement on Form 10-SB on May 2, 2006) |
| | |
4.1.1 | | Form of 13% Senior Secured Discount Note (filed with the registration statement on Form 10-SB on May 2, 2006) |
| | |
4.1.2 | | Warrant Agreement, dated as of December 30, 2005, between IdleAire Technologies Corporation and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Warrant Agent (filed with the registration statement on Form 10-SB on May 2, 2006) |
| | |
4.1.2a | | Amendment to Warrant Agreement, dated as of December 27, 2006, between the Company and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Warrant Agent (filed with Form 10K-SB on April 2, 2007) |
E-1
| | |
Exhibit No. | | Description |
| | |
4.1.2b | | Second Amendment to Warrant Agreement, dated as of September 17, 2007, between the Company and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Warrant Agent (filed with Form 8-K on September 17, 2007) |
| | |
4.1.3 | | Warrant Agreement, dated December 30, 2005, with Jefferies & Company, Inc. (filed with the registration statement on Form 10-SB on May 2, 2006) |
| | |
4.1.4 | | Warrant Agreement, dated May 23, 2001, to Purchase Common Stock with Lana Batts (filed with the registration statement on Form 10-SB on May 2, 2006) |
| | |
4.1.4a | | First Amendment to Warrant Agreement to Purchase Common Stock with Lana Batts (filed with the registration statement on Form 10-SB on May 2, 2006) |
| | |
4.1.4b | | Second Amendment to Warrant Agreement to Purchase Common Stock, dated May 23, 2004, with Lana Batts (filed with the registration statement on Form 10-SB on May 2, 2006) |
| | |
4.1.4c | | Third Amendment to Warrant Agreement to Purchase Common Stock, dated May 23, 2005, with Lana Batts (filed with the registration statement on Form S-4 on 2006) |
| | |
4.1.4d | | Fourth Amendment to Warrant Agreement to Purchase Common Stock, dated May 13, 2006, with Lana Batts (filed with the registration statement on Form S-4 on July 3, 2007) |
| | |
4.1.5 | | Warrant Agreement to Purchase Common Stock, dated January 18, 2002, with CIBC World Markets Corp. (filed with the registration statement on Form 10-SB on May 2, 2006) |
| | |
4.1.6 | | Warrant Agreement to Purchase Common Stock, dated April 18, 2005, with Ralph Head (filed with the registration statement on Form 10-SB on May 2, 2006) |
| | |
4.1.7 | | Form of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock Securities Purchase Agreement (filed with the registration statement on Form 10-SB on May 2, 2006) |
| | |
4.1.8 | | Form of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock Securities Purchase Agreement (filed with the registration statement on Form 10-SB on May 2, 2006) |
| | |
4.1.9 | | Form of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock Securities Purchase Agreement (filed with the registration statement on Form 10-SB on May 2, 2006) |
| | |
10.1 | | Securities Purchase Agreement, dated May 12, 2005, between the Company, CTV Holdings, Inc. and PB Constructors, Inc. (filed with the registration statement on Form 10-SB on May 2, 2006) |
| | |
10.2 | | Purchase Agreement, dated December 28, 2005, between the Company and Jefferies & Company, Inc. (filed with the registration statement on Form 10-SB on May 2, 2006) |
| | |
10.3 | | Indenture, dated as of December 30, 2005, among the Company and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee and collateral agent (filed with the registration statement on Form 10-SB on May 2, 2006) |
| | |
10.3.1 | | First Amendment to Indenture, dated as of September 17, 2007, among the Company and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee and collateral agent (filed with Form 8-K on September 17, 2007) |
| | |
10.4 | | Registration Rights Agreement, dated December 30, 2005, between the Company and Jefferies & Company, Inc. (filed with the registration statement on Form 10-SB on May 2, 2006) |
| | |
10.5 | | Subordination Agreement, dated December 30, 2005, among the Company, the named noteholders, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as the collateral agent and Dan H. Felton, III, as administrative agent (filed with the registration statement on Form 10-SB on May 2, 2006) |
E-2
| | |
Exhibit No. | | Description |
| | |
10.6 | | Disbursement Agreement, dated as of December 30, 2005, among the Company, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as disbursement agent and the trustee (filed with the registration statement on Form 10-SB on May 2, 2006) |
| | |
10.6.1 | | Amendment to Disbursement Agreement, dated January 31, 2006 (filed with the registration statement on Form 10-SB on May 2, 2006) |
| | |
10.7 | | Security Agreement, dated as of December 30, 2005 between the Company and the Collateral Agent (filed with the registration statement on Form 10-SB on May 2, 2006) |
| | |
10.8 | | Amended and Restated 2000 Stock Option Plan (filed with registration statement on form S-1 on September 18, 2007) |
| | |
10.9.1 | | Senior Management Agreement, dated as of September 12, 2007 between the Company and Michael C. Crabtree (filed with registration statement on form S-1 on September 18, 2007) |
| | |
10.9.2 | | Senior Management Agreement, dated as of June 17, 2002, between the Company and David Everhart (filed with the registration statement on Form 10-SB on May 2, 2006) |
| | |
10.9.3 | | Senior Management Agreement, dated as of September 12, 2007, between the Company and J. Tom Badgett (filed with registration statement on form S-1 on September 18, 2007) |
| | |
10.9.4 | | Senior Management Agreement, dated as of September 12, 2007, between the Company and James H. Price (filed with registration statement on form S-1 on September 18, 2007) |
| | |
10.9.5 | | Senior Management Agreement, dated as of September 12, 2007, between the Company and Paul W. Boyd (filed with registration statement on form S-1 on September 18, 2007) |
| | |
10.9.6 | | Senior Management Agreement, dated as of September 12, 2007, between the Company Lynn Youngs (filed with registration statement on form S-1 on September 18, 2007) |
| | |
10.10.1 | | License and Installation Agreement, dated as of December 1, 2003, by and between Pilot Travel Centers LLC and the CompanyCTR(filed with registration statement on Form 10-SB on July 31, 2006) |
| | |
10.10.2 | | Lease and Installation Agreement, dated as of April 7, 2004, by and between Petro Shopping Centers, L.P. and the CompanyCTR (filed with registration statement on Form 10-SB on July 31, 2006) |
| | |
10.10.3 | | Lease and Installation Agreement, dated as of August 20, 2004, by and between TA Operating Corporation and the CompanyCTR(filed with registration statement on Form 10-SB on July 31, 2006) |
| | |
31.1 | | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to section 302 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002. (filed herewith) |
| | |
31.2 | | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to section 302 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002. (filed herewith) |
| | |
32.1 | | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to section 906 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002. (filed herewith) |
| | |
32.2 | | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to section 906 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002. (filed herewith) |
| | |
Legend: | | |
CTR | | Portions of this exhibit have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment. |
E-3
PART II
IdleAire Technologies Corporation
Item 8. Financial Statements
Index to financial statements
| | | | |
Audited annual financial statements | | | | |
| | | F-2 | |
| | | | |
| | | F-3 | |
| | | | |
| | | F-4 | |
| | | | |
| | | F-5 | |
| | | | |
| | | F-6 | |
| | | | |
| | | F-7 | |
F-1
Report of independent registered public accounting firm
The Board of Directors and Stockholders of
IdleAire Technologies Corporation
We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of IdleAire Technologies Corporation as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the related statements of operations, stockholders’ (deficit) equity, and cash flows for the years then ended. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. We were not engaged to perform an audit of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of IdleAire Technologies Corporation at December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that IdleAire Technologies Corporation will continue as a going concern. As more fully described in Note 1 to the financial statements, IdleAire Technologies Corporation has a history of net losses, an accumulated deficit of $246.4 million and working capital of $0.9 million as of December 31, 2007. These conditions raise substantial doubt about IdleAire Technologies Corporation’s ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans in regards to these matters are also described in Note 1. The 2007 financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of these uncertainties.
As described in Note 1 to the financial statements, on January 1, 2007, the Company changed its method of accounting for income tax contingencies in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 48.
/s/Ernst & Young LLP
Nashville, Tennessee
April 14, 2008
F-2
IdleAire Technologies Corporation
Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, |
| | 2007 | | 2006 |
| | |
Assets | | | | | | | | |
Current assets: | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 8,493 | | | $ | 16,632 | |
Short-term investments | | | – | | | | 15,000 | |
Accounts receivable | | | 1,058 | | | | 5,396 | |
Accounts receivable — related parties | | | – | | | | 192 | |
Inventories | | | 741 | | | | 951 | |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | | | 2,358 | | | | 1,915 | |
Deposits with related party vendor | | | 2,136 | | | | – | |
| | |
Total current assets | | | 14,786 | | | | 40,086 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Restricted cash and investments | | | 1,219 | | | | 39,222 | |
Deposits with related party vendor | | | 8,851 | | | | 14,104 | |
Deposits with other vendors | | | 2,318 | | | | 1,871 | |
Property and equipment, net | | | 153,522 | | | | 137,507 | |
Deferred offering costs | | | 1,189 | | | | – | |
Deferred financing costs, net | | | 27,683 | | | | 29,453 | |
Other assets | | | 1,311 | | | | 110 | |
| | |
Total assets | | $ | 210,879 | | | $ | 262,353 | |
| | |
| | | | | | | | |
Liabilities and stockholders’ deficit | | | | | | | | |
Current liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Accounts payable | | $ | 1,061 | | | $ | 4,772 | |
Accounts payable to related party vendors | | | 1,665 | | | | 2,735 | |
Accrued expenses | | | 5,197 | | | | 4,388 | |
Deferred trade revenue | | | 2,045 | | | | 1,221 | |
Deferred grant revenue | | | 3,945 | | | | 1,161 | |
| | |
Total current liabilities | | | 13,913 | | | | 14,277 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Deferred grant revenue | | | 12,999 | | | | 10,812 | |
Asset retirement obligations | | | 2,646 | | | | 1,767 | |
Capital lease obligations | | | 1,241 | | | | 1,198 | |
Secured convertible notes | | | 100 | | | | 100 | |
Senior secured discount notes | | | 272,717 | | | | 234,511 | |
| | |
Total liabilities | | | 303,616 | | | | 262,665 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Stockholders’ deficit: | | | | | | | | |
Series A convertible preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 22,000,000 shares authorized, 17,171,448 shares issued and outstanding | | | 30,350 | | | | 30,350 | |
Series B convertible preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 13,000,000 shares authorized, 12,566,774 shares issued and outstanding | | | 48,674 | | | | 49,056 | |
Series C convertible preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 11,000,000 shares authorized, 4,473,032 shares issued and outstanding | | | 22,155 | | | | 22,155 | |
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 200,000,000 shares authorized, 49,481,964 and 48,646,610 shares issued at December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006, respectively | | | 49 | | | | 49 | |
Stockholder subscription receivable | | | (925 | ) | | | (925 | ) |
Treasury stock, 111,111 common shares, at cost | | | (200 | ) | | | (200 | ) |
Additional paid-in capital | | | 53,607 | | | | 52,208 | |
Accumulated deficit | | | (246,447 | ) | | | (153,005 | ) |
| | |
Total stockholders’ deficit | | | (92,737 | ) | | | (312 | ) |
| | |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ deficit | | $ | 210,879 | | | $ | 262,353 | |
| | |
See accompanying notes.
F-3
Statements of Operations
(In thousands)
| | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended December 31, |
| | 2007 | | 2006 |
| | |
Net revenues: | | | | | | | | |
Basic and premium services, net | | $ | 31,773 | | | $ | 10,911 | |
Ancillary product sales | | | 1,868 | | | | 1,153 | |
Grant revenues | | | 3,239 | | | | 1,513 | |
Other revenues | | | 345 | | | | 400 | |
| | |
Total net revenues | | | 37,225 | | | | 13,977 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | |
Direct site operating costs (1) | | | 50,795 | | | | 23,363 | |
Cost of ancillary product sales | | | 1,154 | | | | 835 | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 22,583 | | | | 9,467 | |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | | | 20,974 | | | | 15,781 | |
Consulting fees with related party vendor | | | – | | | | 310 | |
Asset disposals and impairments | | | 1,640 | | | | 4,803 | |
| | |
Total operating expenses | | | 97,146 | | | | 54,559 | |
| | |
| | | | | | | | |
Loss from operations | | | (59,921 | ) | | | (40,582 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Interest income | | | 2,001 | | | | 7,162 | |
Interest expense | | | (35,522 | ) | | | (26,865 | ) |
| | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net loss | | $ | (93,442 | ) | | $ | (60,285 | ) |
| | |
| | |
(1) | | Excludes depreciation expense in the amount of $20,619 and $8,550 for 2007 and 2006, respectively, reported in a separate caption. |
See accompanying notes.
F-4
IdleAire Technologies Corporation
Statements of Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity
(In thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Series A | | Series B | | Series C | | | | | | Stockholder | | | | | | | | | | Additional | | | | | | Total |
| | Convertible | | Convertible | | Convertible | | | | | | Subscription | | Treasury | | Deferred | | Paid-in | | Accumulated | | Stockholders’ |
| | Preferred | | Preferred | | Preferred | | Common | | Receivable | | Stock | | Compensation | | Capital | | Deficit | | (Deficit) Equity |
| | |
Balance at December 31, 2005 | | $ | 30,350 | | | $ | 49,056 | | | $ | 22,155 | | | $ | 48 | | | $ | (925 | ) | | $ | (200 | ) | | $ | (96 | ) | | $ | 51,767 | | | $ | (92,720 | ) | | $ | 59,435 | |
FAS 123(R) reclassification | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 96 | | | | (96 | ) | | | — | | | | — | |
Share-based compensation expense | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 207 | | | | — | | | | 207 | |
Anti-dilution stock warrants | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 147 | | | | — | | | | 147 | |
Issuance of warrants for goods or services | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 49 | | | | — | | | | 49 | |
Other | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1 | |
Exercise of incentive stock options | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 134 | | | | — | | | | 134 | |
Net loss | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (60,285 | ) | | | (60,285 | ) |
| | |
Balance at December 31, 2006 | | $ | 30,350 | | | $ | 49,056 | | | $ | 22,155 | | | $ | 49 | | | $ | (925 | ) | | $ | (200 | ) | | $ | — | | | $ | 52,208 | | | $ | (153,005 | ) | | $ | (312 | ) |
Commission on Series B Preferred | | | — | | | | (382 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 382 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Share-based compensation expense | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 732 | | | | — | | | | 732 | |
Anti-dilution stock warrants | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 161 | | | | — | | | | 161 | |
Exercise of incentive stock options | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 122 | | | | — | | | | 122 | |
Exercise common stock warrants | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 2 | | | | — | | | | 2 | |
Net loss | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (93,442 | ) | | | (93,442 | ) |
| | |
Balance at December 31, 2007 | | $ | 30,350 | | | $ | 48,674 | | | $ | 22,155 | | | $ | 49 | | | $ | (925 | ) | | $ | (200 | ) | | $ | — | | | $ | 53,607 | | | $ | (246,447 | ) | | $ | (92,737 | ) |
| | |
See accompanying notes.
F-5
IdleAire Technologies Corporation
Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)
| | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended December 31, |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
| | |
Operating activities | | | | | | | | |
Net loss | | $ | (93,442 | ) | | $ | (60,285 | ) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: | | | | | | | | |
Non-cash interest expense, net of amounts capitalized | | | 33,716 | | | | 26,212 | |
Amortization of deferred financing costs | | | 1,789 | | | | 594 | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 22,583 | | | | 9,467 | |
Accretion of asset retirement obligations | | | 480 | | | | 402 | |
Asset disposals and impairments | | | 1,640 | | | | 4,803 | |
Share-based compensation expense | | | 732 | | | | 207 | |
Issuance of warrants for goods or services | | | – | | | | 49 | |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Accounts receivable and accounts receivable — related parties | | | 4,530 | | | | (4,815 | ) |
Inventories | | | 210 | | | | (658 | ) |
Prepaid expenses and other assets | | | (1,640 | ) | | | (833 | ) |
Interest income earned on restricted cash and investments | | | (388 | ) | | | (6,159 | ) |
Short-term investments | | | 15,000 | | | | (15,000 | ) |
Accounts payable and accounts payable to related party vendor | | | (4,781 | ) | | | 3,581 | |
Accrued expenses | | | 728 | | | | 3,589 | |
Deferred trade revenue | | | 824 | | | | 231 | |
Deferred grant revenue | | | 4,971 | | | | 4,981 | |
Cash settlement of asset retirement obligation | | | (45 | ) | | | (459 | ) |
| | |
Net cash used in operating activities | | | (13,093 | ) | | | (34,093 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Investing activities | | | | | | | | |
Purchases of property and equipment from related party vendors | | | (9,395 | ) | | | (30,428 | ) |
Purchases of property and equipment | | | (25,403 | ) | | | (78,284 | ) |
Proceeds from disposal of property and equipment | | | 183 | | | | – | |
Deposits with related party vendor toward equipment purchases, net | | | 3,117 | | | | (14,104 | ) |
Deposits with other vendors toward equipment purchases, net | | | (447 | ) | | | (1,638 | ) |
Cost of patents | | | (32 | ) | | | (12 | ) |
Restricted cash released to operations | | | 38,391 | | | | 169,709 | |
| | |
Net cash provided by investing activities | | | 6,414 | | | | 45,243 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Financing activities | | | | | | | | |
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and warrants | | | 124 | | | | 134 | |
Deferred financing costs incurred | | | (19 | ) | | | (541 | ) |
Deferred offering costs incurred | | | (1,189 | ) | | | – | |
Payments on capital lease obligations | | | (376 | ) | | | (37 | ) |
| | |
Net cash used in financing activities | | | (1,460 | ) | | | (444 | ) |
| | |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | | | (8,139 | ) | | | 10,706 | |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | | | 16,632 | | | | 5,926 | |
| | |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | | $ | 8,493 | | | $ | 16,632 | |
| | |
| | | | | | | | |
Supplemental non-cash activities | | | | | | | | |
Anti-dilution warrants as additional debt discount | | $ | 161 | | | $ | 146 | |
Receipt of free equipment as a vendor concession | | $ | 294 | | | $ | 1,382 | |
Warrants as finder’s fee in connection with sale of Series B convertible preferred stock | | $ | 382 | | | $ | — | |
See accompanying notes.
F-6
IdleAire Technologies Corporation
Notes to financial statements
1. Organization and basis of accounting
IdleAire Technologies Corporation (the Company) offers in-cab idle-reduction services to the heavy-duty trucking industry, including heating, ventilation and air-conditioning, electric power, Internet access, satellite television, telephone, and remote delivery of computer-based driver safety and training courses. The Company provides its ATE Advanced Truck Stop Electrification® services at travel centers and truck fleet terminals throughout the continental United States.
The Company has not been profitable since inception, and had a significant deficit in stockholders’ equity as of December 31, 2007. It has experienced and continues to experience negative operating margins and negative cash flows from operations. As a result, the Company has relied on securities offerings, government grants and borrowings to fund its operations. In particular, the Company completed a discount note and warrant offering in December 2005 (see Note 6), the proceeds of which were used to fund the installation of ATE systems at numerous additional sites around the United States and to fund operations.
The Company expects to incur negative cash flows from operations at least through the end of 2008. Additionally, the Company’s first recurring semi-annual interest payment of $20.8 million is due on December 15, 2008. At December 31, 2007, the Company had $0.9 million of working capital and $8.5 million of unrestricted cash, or resources to sustain approximately four months of operations. The Company’s long-term viability is predicated on meeting its short-term operating needs as well as making significant additional investments in its ATE network in order to execute its business plan. In September 2007, the Company filed a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission in connection with the proposed sale of its common stock in an initial public offering. The Company has been unable to complete that offering and access capital in the public equity market due to market conditions. Additionally, the Company has been unable to secure a credit facility to address its immediate working capital needs. If the Company is unable to secure near-term funding for its immediate working capital needs, it will be forced to cease operations and liquidate its assets.
The Company’s continuous losses and liquidity deficiencies raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern and, therefore, its ability to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business. In January 2008, management instituted realignment efforts aimed at reducing costs and streamlining operations. Additionally, the Company temporarily suspended all construction activities, with the exception of one site partially funded by government grants. In the past, the Company deposited funds in advance with its vendors and suppliers to secure discounted pricing and ensure prompt deliveries of key supply materials. Subsequent to December 31, 2007, the Company has received a refund of $2.1 million of its pre-paid deposits.
F-7
The Company plans to aggressively seek an appropriate refund of the remaining balance of certain pre-paid deposits over the next few months. However, there is no assurance that its efforts will be successful, and if so, whether the Company can obtain the refund promptly to meet its short-term operating needs.
The indenture governing the Company’s senior secured discount notes imposes significant operating and financial restrictions, which limit its ability to secure additional financing. Management continues to explore various alternatives to improve its current and long-term financial position and secure other sources of financing, which could include sale of additional debt or equity securities, or a capital restructuring. In March 2008, the Company hired a third-party consulting firm to assist in that regard. However, there can be no assurance that additional financing will be available and, if so, whether it will be on acceptable terms. Absent additional funding, the Company will be unable to continue as a going concern.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. This basis of accounting contemplates the recovery of the Company’s assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary should the company be unable to continue as a going concern.
2. Significant accounting policies
Cash and cash equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid financial instruments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
Short-term investments
Short-term investments consist principally of auction rate securities and other variable rate demand obligations. These investments are classified as trading securities and carried at estimated fair value (which approximates cost), with gains and losses reported in income. As of December 31, 2007, the Company had liquidated all its short-term investments.
F-8
Restricted cash and investments
At December 31, 2007, restricted cash and investments consists primarily of funds held in money market escrow accounts pursuant to a lease and installation and escrow agreement with a travel center operator. These funds represent collateral held in satisfaction of future asset retirement obligations. Under the escrow agreement, the Company is required to deposit up to $4.0 million into escrow for the benefit of the travel center operator. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company held $1.2 million and $0.4 million in escrow, respectively.
At December 31, 2006, restricted cash and investments also included $38.4 million of funds held by a disbursement agent pursuant to a disbursement agreement executed in connection with the issuance of senior secured discount notes (see Note 6). The investments were principally in the form of auction rate securities, which were carried at estimated fair value (which approximated cost), with gains and losses reported in income.
Fair value of financial instruments
Carrying values of the Company’s current assets, current liabilities and restricted cash approximate their related fair values based upon the current interest rate environment and lengths to maturity.
The carrying value and fair value of the Company’s debt was $272.7 million and $183.2 million at December 31, 2007, respectively. Fair value at December 31, 2007 was calculated using observable data from the last over-the-counter trade of the Company’s Senior Secured Discount Notes during 2007.
At December 31, 2006, the carrying value and fair value of the Company’s debt was $234.5 million and $222.7 million, respectively. The fair value of the Company’s debt was calculated using discounted cash flow analyses at market rates.
Concentrations of credit risk
The Company maintains cash or investment accounts at various banks. The accounts are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or the Securities Investor Protection Corporation up to $0.1 million per legal ownership. At December 31, 2007, the Company had $9.4 million of these funds deposited with financial institutions in excess of this insurance limit.
The Company relies on third-party suppliers for the manufacture and assembly of its ATE systems. In the event that certain of these suppliers are unable or unwilling to provide the Company with certain specific components on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, delays in securing alternative sources of supply would result and could have a material adverse effect on operations.
F-9
Inventories
Inventories consist of ancillary goods for resale and are stated at the lower of cost or market using the average cost method.
Property and equipment, net
Property and equipment, including improvements that add to productive capacity or extend the useful life, are carried at cost. Amortization of assets recorded under capital leases is included with depreciation expense in the accompanying statements of operations. Depreciation is computed by the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows:
| | |
Revenue-generating equipment | | 3-15 years |
Furniture and fixtures | | 5 years |
Data processing equipment and software | | 3 years |
Automobiles and motorized equipment | | 3 years |
Leasehold improvements, including certain costs associated with the construction of revenue-generating equipment, are depreciated over the shorter of the estimated useful life or lease term.
Capitalized leases
During 2006, the Company entered into an agreement with a service provider which included terms that required the service provider to furnish certain equipment at no additional cost to the Company, to be received as sites are constructed. The Company capitalizes the fair value of this equipment as a capital lease in accordance with EITF 01-8,Determining Whether an Arrangement Contains a Leaseand Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 13,Accounting for Leasesand reduces the lease obligation over the term of the service agreement as service fees are paid. Capitalized lease obligations were $1.5 million at December 31, 2007, of which $1.3 million and $0.2 million is included with other liabilities and accrued expenses, respectively, in the accompanying balance sheet. Capitalized lease obligations were $1.3 million at December 31, 2006, of which $1.2 million and $0.1 million is included with other liabilities and accrued expenses, respectively.
Impairment of long-lived assets
When indicators of impairment are present, the Company evaluates the carrying value of constructed revenue-generating assets in relation to the operating performance and future undiscounted cash flows of the underlying asset group in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 144,Accounting for the Disposal or Impairment of Long-Lived Assets.Based on these evaluations, asset impairment is determined to exist if estimated future cash flows, undiscounted and without interest charges, are less than the carrying amount of the respective asset group. The corresponding impairment loss is calculated as the difference between the asset group’s
F-10
fair value and carrying value, and is included with “Asset disposals and impairments” in the accompanying income statement. Fair value is calculated using probability-weighted future cash flows, discounted at the risk-free rate.
From time to time, the Company may make strategic decisions to close existing sites. If sites to be closed constitute components, as defined by SFAS No. 144, and will not result in a migration of customers and cash flows, these closures will be considered discontinued operations when the related assets meet the criteria to be classified as held for sale, or at the cease-use date, whichever occurs first. The results of operations of discontinued operations are presented retroactively, net of tax, as a separate component in the statement of operations, if material individually or cumulatively. To date, no site closings have been material individually or cumulatively.
Asset retirement obligations
The Company’s lease agreements with certain of its travel centers and host sites generally contain obligations to return the leased property to its original condition upon termination of the lease. The Company accounts for these obligations in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 143,Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligationsand FASB Interpretation 47,Accounting for Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations—an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 143. The Company’s asset retirement obligation was $2.6 million and $1.8 million at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, and is included with other liabilities in the accompanying balance sheets. During 2007, the Company recorded additions of $0.4 million, accretion of $0.5 million and a nominal cash settlement with respect to its asset retirement obligations. During 2006, the Company recorded additions of $1.5 million, accretion of $0.4 million and settlement of $0.5 million. Additionally, the Company recorded a $0.3 million loss on settlement of its asset retirement obligations in 2006, which is included with “Asset disposals and impairments” in the accompanying financial statements.
Key assumptions used to calculate the Company’s asset retirement obligations were (i) 2.5% rate of inflation; (ii) weighted average credit-adjusted risk-free interest rate of 21.0%; and (iii) weighted average life of obligation of 13 years. Expected settlement dates generally represent the lesser of the useful life of the constructed assets or the life of the lease, and are evaluated using site-specific facts and circumstances.
Revenue recognition
Revenue for services is recognized as service is completed; revenue from ancillary product sales is recognized at the point of sale. Reported revenues exclude sales tax. Revenue is recorded net of promotional, contractual and customer service discounts as the Company continues to utilize significant discounts to introduce its services to truck drivers at travel centers, truck fleet terminals and other locations. Deferred trade revenue represents unutilized balances from the sale of prepaid cards and member cards.
F-11
Grant revenue is recognized as follows: (i) grants with continuing service requirements are recognized on a straight-line basis over the life of the contract; (ii) grants otherwise designated for funding of revenue-generating equipment are recognized on a straight-line basis over the life of the respective equipment; and (iii) grants funded based on hours of emission reduction are recognized based on actual usage over the term of the grant. Deferred grant revenue represents that portion of grant monies billed or received but not yet earned.
At December 31, 2007 and 2006, accounts receivable included $0.6 million and $5.0 million in grant receivables, respectively.
On January 1, 2007, the Company adopted Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 06-3 (“EITF 06-3”),How Taxes Collected from Customers and Remitted to Governmental Authorities Should Be Presented in the Income Statement (That Is, Gross Versus Net Presentation).Pursuant to the adoption of this standard, the Company has elected to exclude from revenue all sales taxes and any other taxes that are imposed on a revenue transaction between the Company and its customers. The adoption of EITF 06-3 had no effect on the Company’s financial statements, since this policy is consistent with prior treatment.
Senior secured discount notes
Original issue discount on the senior secured discount notes, or the Notes, (Note 6) is amortized over the life of the Notes using the interest method.
Deferred financing charges
Deferred financing charges represent certain fees and expenses that have been incurred to obtain the related permanent financing. These costs are amortized over the seven year life of the related debt using the interest method, and charged to interest expense in the accompanying statements of operations. Amortization of deferred financing costs was $1.8 million and $0.6 million in 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Advertising and promotion
Advertising and promotion costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising expense was $1.0 million and $0.5 million in 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Research and development
Research and development costs have consisted principally of software development and related engineering costs. Costs of producing product masters incurred subsequent to establishing technological feasibility are capitalized. Research and development costs were $3.3 million and $2.3 million in 2007 and 2006, respectively.
The cost to file patents are capitalized and amortized over five years.
F-12
Share-based compensation
The Company accounts for share-based payments to employees in accordance with the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123—revised 2004 (“SFAS 123(R)”),Share-Based Payment.Under the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS 123(R), stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award.
Since the Company used the minimum-value method to measure pro forma compensation cost for employee stock options under SFAS 123, it was required to use the prospective method upon adoption of SFAS 123(R). Under the prospective method, the Company continues to account for its unvested awards outstanding at January 1, 2006 using the provisions of Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25,Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees. All awards granted, modified or settled after January 1, 2006 are accounted for using the measurement recognition and attribution provisions of SFAS 123(R). Additionally, deferred taxes, excess tax benefits and tax deduction deficiencies continue to be accounted for under those methods. Accordingly, the pool of excess tax benefits for awards accounted for under SFAS 123(R) started at $0 on January 1, 2006.
Calculating stock-based compensation expense requires the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the estimated fair value of the company’s outstanding shares, the expected term of the stock-based awards, stock price volatility, and pre-vesting option forfeitures. The assumptions used in calculating the fair value of stock-based awards represent the Company’s best estimates, but these estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management’s judgment. As a result, when assumptions change, stock-based compensation expense could be materially different in the future.
Income taxes
Income taxes are computed based on the liability method of accounting whereby deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse.
On January 1, 2007, the Company adopted the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 48,Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109. At the adoption date and as of December 31, 2007, the Company had no uncertain tax positions and no adjustments to liabilities or retained earnings were required.
The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense, which was $0 for the year ended December 31, 2007.
F-13
Due to the Company’s historical net operating loss position, all historical tax attributes are subject to adjustment upon examination. There are no income tax examinations currently in process.
Segment information
In accordance with SFAS No. 131,Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information, the Company has one reportable industry segment—the operation of the Company’s ATE systems.
Comprehensive income
The Company’s net loss is equal to comprehensive loss, as computed in accordance with
SFAS No. 130,Reporting Comprehensive Income.
Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and the accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Reclassifications
Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on results of operations or financial condition as previously reported.
New accounting standards
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157,Fair Value Measurements. This new Statement defines fair value, establishes the framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. In December 2007, the FASB issued proposed FASB Staff Position No. FAS 157-b,Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157 (the “proposed FSP”). The proposed FSP would amend SFAS No. 157, to delay the effective date for all nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (that is, at least annually). The proposed FSP defers the effective date of SFAS No. 157 to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years for items within the scope of the proposed FSP. The Company is subject to the remaining provisions of SFAS No. 157 beginning January 1, 2008. The Company is in the process of evaluating what impact, if any, this new standard may have on its financial statements.
F-14
In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 159,The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities—Including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115. The Statement permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value at specified election dates. It will be effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. Early adoption is permitted, provided the Company also elects to apply the provisions of SFAS No. 157. The Company is in the process of evaluating what impact, if any, this new standard may have on its financial statements.
In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141 (Revised 2007),Business Combinations. It replaces FASB Statement No. 141 and establishes requirements for how an acquirer recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, any non-controlling interest in the acquiree and the goodwill acquired. This statement applies prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Early adoption is not permitted. This standard will not have any immediate impact on the Company’s financial statements upon adoption.
3. Property and equipment, net
Property and equipment consists of the following:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, |
(In thousands) | | 2007 | | 2006 |
|
Revenue-generating equipment | | $ | 164,565 | | | $ | 125,411 | |
Leasehold improvements | | | 976 | | | | 826 | |
Furniture and fixtures | | | 668 | | | | 680 | |
Data processing equipment and software | | | 6,655 | | | | 4,999 | |
Automobiles and motorized equipment | | | 3,229 | | | | 1,522 | |
Service units in process | | | 16,148 | | | | 25,093 | |
| | | 192,241 | | | | 158,531 | |
|
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization | | | (38,719 | ) | | | (21,024 | ) |
| | |
| | $ | 153,522 | | | $ | 137,507 | |
| | |
Included within revenue generating equipment and service units in process above is $1.7 million and $1.4 million of free equipment subject to a capital lease at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively (see Notes 2 and 11). At December 31, 2007 and 2006, accumulated depreciation associated with this equipment was $0.3 million and $0.1 million, respectively.
The Company capitalized interest of $4.9 million and salaries and related costs of $1.8 million associated with the physical construction of new sites during 2007. During 2006, the Company capitalized interest of $6.8 million and salaries and related costs of $1.6 million associated with the physical construction of new sites.
F-15
Deposits with vendors toward purchases of revenue-generating equipment were $13.3 million and $16.0 million, of which $11.0 million and $14.1 million were held by a related party (see Note 4) at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
A summary of depreciation expense follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | For the Year Ended |
| | December 31, |
(In thousands) | | 2007 | | 2006 |
|
Depreciation expense on revenue- generating equipment | | $ | 20,619 | | | $ | 8,550 | |
Depreciation expense on non-revenue-generating equipment | | | 1,964 | | | | 889 | |
| | |
Total depreciation expense | | $ | 22,583 | | | $ | 9,439 | |
| | |
During 2006, the Company began full-scale execution of its nationwide ATE network expansion plan, which included use of funds raised in the 2005 senior secured discount notes offering and earmarked for construction of “core sites” meeting certain site selection criteria. In addition, the Company identified and evaluated ten non-core sites which no longer complied with the new site selection criteria. Based on such evaluations, the Company opened 80 new sites and decommissioned five non-core sites during 2006. As a result, the Company wrote off approximately $0.7 million of fixed assets and recorded $1.3 million of impairment charges attributable to the remaining non-core sites still in operation during 2006. Additionally, the Company determined that certain potential sites were no longer viable candidates for short-term site selection and wrote off $0.6 million of capitalized site survey costs during 2006.
During 2007, the Company opened 32 new sites and decommissioned one non-core site.
Additionally, the Company recorded a $0.9 million impairment charge, attributed principally to a non-core site that remained in operation at December 31, 2007.
As a result of ongoing modifications and evaluations of site equipment, the Company continues to identify obsolete, damaged or unusable equipment, and wrote off such fixed assets of $0.7 million and $1.9 million in 2007 and 2006, respectively.
4. Related party transactions
The Company is party to an exclusive supply agreement with a shareholder, which provides for the purchase of certain electrical distribution and control products and services; this agreement expires in April 2008. During 2007, the Company issued purchase orders to this supplier totaling $0.6 million. The Company made payments to this supplier shareholder of $6.5 million and $43.9 million in 2007 and 2006, respectively. At December 31, 2007, the Company owed this related party supplier $0.1 million, and had a remaining deposit balance of $10.9 million to be applied to toward future purchases. The Company owed this related party supplier $1.1 million, and had a remaining deposit balance of $14.1 million to be applied toward future purchases at December 31, 2006. Additionally, the Company sold $0.2 million of component parts to this supplier at its cost, which is included in Accounts Receivable—Related Parties in the accompanying balance sheet at December 31, 2006.
F-16
During 2006, the Company entered into an exclusive agreement with a supplier that is managed and partially-owned by a shareholder; the agreement provides for the purchase of certain service module components at an agreed-upon price, and expires in September 2009. This agreement supersedes a previous agreement with another company within the same controlled group. The Company made payments of $1.5 million and $0.4 million pursuant to these agreements in 2007 and 2006, respectively.
During 2005 and 2006, the Company maintained professional services contracts with a shareholder vendor for consulting and construction program management services valued at $2.7 million and $0.5 million, respectively. The Company made cash payments to this shareholder vendor of $0.1 million in 2007. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company owed this vendor $1.5 million and $1.6 million, respectively. In May 2005, the Company and this vendor entered into a securities purchase agreement pursuant to which this vendor purchased 985,000 shares of Series C Preferred Stock for $4.9 million. Related to this transaction, $0.9 million represents a stock subscription receivable at December 31, 2007 and 2006. In 2005 in accordance with the terms of the same agreement, the Company elected to exchange 300,000 shares of Series C Preferred Stock for $1.5 million of consulting services provided by the vendor. See Note 12 for subsequent developments related to transactions with this vendor.
An executive officer and director is a member of two limited liability companies that are in the business of leasing aircraft. The Company paid such entities $0.2 million and $0.3 million in 2007 and 2006, respectively, for airplane rental.
The Company leases warehouse space from a limited liability company in which a shareholder and a former director of the Company is a member. The agreement expires in October 2009, and provides for an annual rent obligation of approximately $0.2 million. Total rent paid under this lease was $0.2 million during 2007 and 2006.
F-17
5. Accrued expenses
Accrued expenses consist of the following:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, |
(In thousands) | | 2007 | | 2006 |
|
Salaries and related personnel liabilities | | $ | 2,298 | | | $ | 1,804 | |
Accrued sales taxes | | | 588 | | | | 896 | |
Other liabilities | | | 2,311 | | | | 1,688 | |
| | |
| | $ | 5,197 | | | $ | 4,388 | |
| | |
6. Senior secured discount notes with warrants
The Company has outstanding $320.0 million par value 13% senior secured discount notes (Notes) with 320,000 detachable warrants (Warrants) to purchase 30% of the Company’s common stock on a fully-diluted basis (collectively, the Units). Each Unit consists of a $1,000 principal amount Note and a Warrant.
The Warrants represent a right to purchase 126.9505 shares of Company common stock (per warrant) at $0.01 per share, subject to certain upward adjustments triggered by the Company’s issuance of additional securities at below fair market value. The Note holders’ anti-dilution rights generally terminate upon the completion of an underwritten public offering, of which the net proceeds to the Company exceed $100.0 million. The Warrants became separately transferable from the Notes during 2006 and will expire on December 15, 2015. During 2007, the Company registered the Notes pursuant to a registration rights agreement.
During 2007 and 2006, the Company issued warrants to certain members of management and directors. These issuances triggered the anti-dilution provisions contained in the warrant agreement by and between the Company and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., as the Warrant Agent, dated December 30, 2005 (the “Warrant Agreement”), obligating the Company to issue 283,805 additional warrants pursuant to the Warrant Agreement. As a result, the Company recorded an additional debt discount of $0.2 million and $0.1 million in 2007 and 2006, respectively.
The Notes rank senior in right of payment to all existing and future subordinated indebtedness and equal in right of payment with all other existing and future senior indebtedness. The Notes are unconditionally guaranteed on a senior secured basis by any future domestic restricted subsidiaries. The Notes and guarantees are secured by substantially all of the Company’s tangible and intangible assets.
The Notes mature on December 15, 2012. The Notes were issued at a substantial discount as the Company will not pay interest prior to December 15, 2008. The Notes accrete interest at an annual rate of 13%, compounded semi-annually to par by June 15, 2008.
F-18
Interest payments will be made on each of June 15 and December 15, commencing December 15, 2008.
Prior to December 15, 2008, up to 35% of the Notes may be redeemed with the net proceeds of any equity offering at 113% of the accreted value, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of redemption, provided that at least 65% of the aggregate principal amounts of the Notes originally issued under the indenture governing the Notes remain outstanding. On or after December 15, 2009, the Notes may be redeemed at a redemption price that will decrease ratably from 106.5% of principal to 103.25% of principal on or after December 15, 2010, and at 100% of principal on or after December 15, 2011.
If the Company experiences a change in control, the holders of the Notes will have the right to put their Notes to the Company at 101% of the accreted value thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of repurchase.
On September 17, 2007, the Company entered into the First Amendment to Indenture with Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., as the trustee and collateral agent (the “Amended Indenture”), and the Second Amendment to Warrant Agreement with Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., as the warrant agent. Under the Amended Indenture, upon closing of its initial underwritten public offering of common stock raising aggregate net proceeds of not less than $100 million on or before June 30, 2008 (a “Qualified Public Offering”), the Company is required to issue and deliver to an escrow for the benefit of the holders of the senior secured discount notes as of the date of the Qualified Public Offering 7,204,835 shares of common stock (the “Restricted Common Shares”). The Amended Indenture also provides upon a Qualified Public Offering for the termination of the Company’s obligation to deliver any contingent warrants under the EBITDA covenant contained in the Indenture requiring consolidated EBITDA of the Company for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 to equal or exceed $40.0 million.
7. Secured convertible notes
At December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company had $0.1 million outstanding of 10% secured convertible notes (“Convertible Notes”) due 2013. Prior to June 2, 2006, under certain conditions, the holder of the Convertible Notes had the right to convert all or part of the Convertible Notes into the Company’s common stock at pre-established rates. The Company has a one-time right to prepay, without penalty or further interest payments, on June 1, 2008. These notes are subordinate to the senior secured discount notes.
F-19
8. Stockholders’ equity
Common stock and warrants
In February 2006, the Company amended its Certificate of Incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares of common stock to 200,000,000 shares.
As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company had warrants outstanding and exercisable to purchase 48,309,374 and 48,290,291 shares, respectively, of Company common stock. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, the exercise price of outstanding warrants ranged between $0.01 and $5.00 per share, and the weighted average exercise price was $0.04 per share.
During 2007, management became aware that a warrant for 95,450 common shares that was issued to a director in satisfaction of a finder’s fee obligation related to the 2004 Series B preferred stock offering had not been recorded in the financial statements. The Company recorded the transaction during 2007, which resulted in a $0.4 million decrease to Series B preferred stock and a corresponding increase to additional paid-in capital. As a result of the anti-dilution provisions contained in the Warrant Agreement, the Company became obligated to issue 51,400 additional warrants to the holders of warrants issued on December 30, 2005 and recorded an additional debt discount and corresponding increase to additional paid-in capital of $42,000 during 2007. These adjustments were not material to debt, equity or the results of operations of any prior periods and, accordingly, did not require restatement of any prior periods.
Preferred stock
The Company has three classes of issued and outstanding preferred stock which are convertible on a one-for-one basis into Company common stock at any time in whole or part at the option of the holder. Under certain circumstances, including an underwritten public offering of shares of common stock of not less than $50 million, the Company may also cause the outstanding shares to be converted into Company common stock. Holders of the preferred shares have the right to vote on most matters. In the event of liquidation, the preferred holders are entitled to a liquidation preference equal to the original purchase price of such shares. In the event of liquidation, the Series A is senior to all classes of common stock and all other series and classes of preferred stock. The Series B is senior to all classes of common stock and all other classes of preferred stock except the Series A, which shall rank senior to the Series B in all respects. The Series C is senior to all classes of common stock and all other series of preferred stock except the Series A and the Series B, which rank senior to the Series C in all respects.
F-20
9. Share-based compensation
The Amended and Restated 2000 Incentive Stock Plan (the Plan) governs the issuance of share-based awards to employees. The Plan provides for incentive stock options to be granted at an option price equal to or greater than the fair market value of the Company’s common shares as determined by the Board of Directors and to have a term of ten years. The Company has reserved 10,000,000 shares for issuance under this Plan, of which 1,923,186 were available for grant at December 31, 2007.
In April 2006, the Board of Directors approved a new Director Compensation Policy to provide for stock-based compensation, cash fees, travel reimbursement and an annual retainer to be paid to non-employee directors. The policy provides for annual equity awards to non-employee directors as compensation for serving on the Board of Directors. Specifically, non-employee directors are granted the right to receive either (i) a warrant to purchase 10,000 shares of common stock or (ii) 10,000 restricted common shares. During 2007, the Company granted non-employee directors equity awards for the 2006 and 2007 service years, totaling 100,000 shares. The fair value of this grant was $0.2 million, of which $0.2 million was recorded as compensation expense during 2007. As a result of the anti-dilution provisions contained in the Warrant Agreement, the Company became obligated to issue 53,849 additional warrants to the holders of warrants issued on December 30, 2005 and recorded an additional debt discount and corresponding increase to additional paid-in capital of $0.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2007.
The Company uses the Black-Scholes-Merton model for determining the fair values of options granted and recognizes compensation ratably over the vesting periods. Including the $0.2 million expense of non-employee director compensation noted above, the Company recorded $0.7 million and $0.2 million in stock-based compensation cost during 2007 and 2006, respectively. The Company granted 1,131,579 and 908,075 stock options to employees at a weighted average fair value per share of $1.20 and $0.43 during 2007 and 2006, respectively, using the following weighted average assumptions:
| | | | | | | | |
| | For the Years Ended December 31, |
| | 2007 | | 2006 |
Expected term in years | | | 5.7 | | | | 5.6 | |
Risk-free interest rate | | | 4.8 | % | | | 4.9 | % |
Expected dividend rate | | | – | | | | – | |
Expected volatility | | | 36.7 | % | | | 51.7 | % |
F - 21
The Company’s computation of expected term was calculated as the simple average of the weighted average vesting period and the contractual life of each option, as permitted by the “shortcut approach” in SEC Staff Accounting Bulletins No. 107 and No. 110. The risk-free rate for periods within the contractual life of the option is based on the United States treasury yield for a term consistent with the expected term of the stock option in effect at the time of grant. The Company has never declared or paid any cash dividends and does not plan to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Prior to January 1, 2006, the Company used the minimum value method to measure stock compensation cost for pro forma disclosures, which excludes the effects of expected volatility. Since the Company’s stock is not publicly traded and the Company has no historical data on volatility of its stock, the expected volatility figures used for 2007 and 2006 are based on the historical volatility of similar public companies (referred to as “guideline companies”). In evaluating similarity, the Company considered factors such as industry, stage of life cycle, size, and financial leverage.
To date, the Company has not recorded any tax benefits resulting from the exercise of options due to uncertainty surrounding the timing of realizing the benefits of its deferred tax assets in future periods.
The aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised was $1.5 million during 2007 and only a nominal amount during 2006. The Company received $0.1 million in proceeds from the exercise of 613,738 employee stock options in the year ended December 31, 2007. The Company received less than $0.1 million in proceeds from the exercise of 70,255 employee stock options in the year ended December 31, 2006.
The fair value of stock options vested was $0.4 million and $0.3 million for 2007 and 2006, respectively. At December 31, 2007, there was $0.9 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested share-based compensation arrangements using the fair value method, consisting principally of stock options granted in 2006 and 2007. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.58 years.
Stock option activity for the two years ended December 31, 2007 follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Weighted | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Average | | | | |
| | | | | | Weighted | | | Remaining | | | | |
| | | | | | Average | | | Contractual | | | Aggregate | |
| | Option | | | Exercise | | | Life in | | | Intrinsic | |
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts) | | Shares | | | Price | | | Years | | | Value | |
|
Outstanding at December 31, 2005 | | | 4,027,829 | | | $ | 1.96 | | | 6.70 years | | | | |
Granted | | | 908,075 | | | | 0.82 | | | | | | | | | |
Exercised | | | (70,255 | ) | | | 1.91 | | | | | | | | | |
Forfeited | | | (352,568 | ) | | | 1.99 | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Outstanding at December 31, 2006 | | | 4,513,081 | | | $ | 1.73 | | | 6.35 years | | $ | 2,166 | |
Granted | | | 1,131,579 | | | | 2.13 | | | | | | | | | |
Exercised | | | (613,738 | ) | | | 0.20 | | | | | | | | | |
Forfeited | | | (77,508 | ) | | | 2.37 | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Outstanding at December 31, 2007 | | | 4,953,414 | | | $ | 2.00 | | | 6.23 years | | $ | 4,082 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Exercisable at December 31, 2007 | | | 3,588,688 | | | $ | 2.02 | | | 5.40 years | | $ | 2,938 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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As of December 31, 2007, 70,000 stock options are included in the immediately preceding table but they will vest only upon the completion of a successful initial public offering of common stock. The Company will recognize expense on these options at such time that a transaction is consummated based upon the difference between the fair value of the stock on the vesting date and the exercise price.
10. Income taxes
Income taxes as shown in the statements of operations for all periods presented differ from the amounts computed using the statutory federal income tax rate as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
| | |
U.S federal statutory rate | | | 34.0 | % | | | 34.0 | % |
State taxes (net of federal benefit) | | | 5.0 | | | | 3.8 | |
Change in deferred tax valuation allowance | | | (39.0 | ) | | | (37.6 | ) |
Other | | | (0.0 | ) | | | (0.2 | ) |
| | |
| | | 0.0 | % | | | 0.0 | % |
| | |
The tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that give rise to deferred tax assets and liabilities is as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Deferred tax assets: | | | | | | | | |
Net operating loss carryforward | | $ | 94,383 | | | $ | 56,988 | |
Accrued liabilities | | | 516 | | | | 380 | |
Deferred revenue | | | 7,296 | | | | 5,061 | |
Asset retirement obligations | | | 546 | | | | – | |
| | |
| | | 102,741 | | | | 62,429 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Deferred tax liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation | | | (8,719 | ) | | | (4,810 | ) |
Asset retirement obligations | | | – | | | | (126 | ) |
| | |
Net deferred tax assets | | | 94,022 | | | | 57,493 | |
Valuation allowance | | | (94,022 | ) | | | (57,493 | ) |
| | |
| | $ | – | | | $ | – | |
| | |
Federal and state net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $245.8 million and $244.8 million, respectively, expire beginning in 2015. Realization of net deferred tax assets is dependent upon sufficient future taxable income during the carryforward periods. The valuation allowance is provided until it is more likely than not that the net deferred tax assets will be realized. The valuation allowance increased by $36.5 million and $22.7 million in 2007 and 2006, respectively.
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11. Leases
During 2007, the Company entered into multiple lease agreements for corporate space with terms ranging from one to five years. Rent expense associated with corporate office and warehouse space was $1.2 million and $0.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Minimum rental commitments under operating leases primarily for corporate office and warehouse space, having an initial or remaining noncancelable term of more than one year are as follows at December 31, 2007 (including the related party lease disclosures in Note 4):
| | | | |
(in thousands) | | | | |
|
2008 | | $ | 1,069 | |
2009 | | | 998 | |
2010 | | | 728 | |
2011 | | | 575 | |
2012 | | | 541 | |
Thereafter | | | 87 | |
| | | |
| | $ | 3,998 | |
| | | |
As described in Notes 2 and 3, the Company has capital lease obligations associated with free equipment; those commitments are as follows at December 31, 2007:
| | | | |
(in thousands) | | | | |
|
2007 | | $ | 443 | |
2008 | | | 526 | |
2009 | | | 526 | |
2010 | | | 527 | |
2011 | | | 395 | |
Thereafter | | | 53 | |
| | | |
| | | 2,470 | |
Interest | | | (1,000 | ) |
| | | |
| | $ | 1,470 | |
| | | |
At December 31, 2007 $0.2 million of this obligation was included with accrued expenses in the accompanying balance sheet.
In addition, the Company has signed a number of leasing or licensing agreements with travel centers and other locations which will allow the installation of the Company’s ATE systems at these sites. These agreements generally provide for the payment of rent based on a percentage of revenues generated at the applicable site; thus, no amounts are incurred prior to opening such sites. Contingent rent expense under these agreements totaled $3.8 million and $1.0 million for the years ending December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
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12. Commitments and contingencies
On November 27, 2006, the Company was served with a complaint by Chiaphua Industries Limited, or Chiaphua, in the US District Court for the Eastern District of Tennessee, alleging that by its termination of a non-exclusive Manufacturing and Sales Agreement with Chiaphua dated April 2004, we have breached the contract and have interfered with certain advantageous business relationships with Chiaphua in connection with its supply of HVAC units to us. The complaint does not specify an amount of damages. A Motion to Dismiss the Complaint was filed on March 5, 2007 and the plaintiff subsequently filed an amended complaint. On May 7, 2007, the Company filed its reply brief in support of the Motion to Dismiss the First Amended Complaint. The plaintiff then filed an Amended Complaint, and the Company filed an Amended Motion to Dismiss. On August 2, 2007, the Company’s motion to dismiss was denied. On August 22, 2007, the Company filed its Answer and Counterclaim to the Amended Complaint. The parties have completed the voluntary exchange of information and documents required under the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure and have exchanged initial requests for production of documents and interrogatories. The case has been set for trial the week of November 3, 2008. The Company believes it has meritorious defenses to all of the claims asserted in this action and will continue to vigorously defend its position; however, management cannot predict the outcome of this proceeding at this time, and cannot predict whether the outcome will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition.
During 2005 and 2006, the Company maintained professional services contracts with PB Constructors, Inc., or PB, a shareholder and a vendor, for consulting and construction program management services. On April 13, 2007, PB and its affiliate, CTV Holdings, Inc., or CTVH, served a complaint alleging, among other things, that, by making payments in stock instead of in cash, the Company had failed to satisfy its payment obligations under a Program Management Services Agreement, dated August 17, 2004, an Agreement for Professional Services, dated November 29, 2004, and an Agreement for Professional Services, dated January 1, 2006. PB also alleged that by having the Company’s internal staff perform construction program management services, the Company had deprived it of the material benefits of its agreements with the Company. PB is seeking damages for $23 million, including $20 million of alleged loss of profits. On May 29, 2007, the Company filed a Demand for Arbitration with the American Arbitration Association in Atlanta, Georgia requesting that the claims be arbitrated in Knoxville, Tennessee. On May 31, 2007, the Company filed a motion in the Supreme Court of the State of New York to compel arbitration of the claims in the complaint and to stay the action pending arbitration. On October 4, 2007, the Supreme Court granted the Company’s motion to compel PB to arbitrate all of their claims against the Company and to stay the action pending the outcome of the arbitration. With respect to CTVH’s single claim, the Supreme Court granted a stay of the action pending determination by the arbitrators on whether CTVH is a Necessary Party within the meaning of the Program Management Services Agreement. The parties have reactivated arbitration of the case filed by the Company with the AAA on May 29, 2007. PB has filed a $23 million counterclaim based on the same facts alleged in the New York litigation. The issues in the arbitration are identical to those described above, other than those relating to CTVH, which was not compelled to arbitrate with the Company. The AAA has circulated several lists of potential arbitrators, but the arbitrator selection process is not complete. The Company and PB have tentatively agreed to an informal mediation of the parties’s claims and positions, but no date has been set for mediation or for the hearing in the arbitration. The Company will vigorously defend its position; however, management cannot predict the outcome of this proceeding, and cannot predict whether the outcome will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition.
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On February 29, 2008, an employee at the Watt Road location in Knoxville, Tennessee filed suit in the Chancery Court of Knox County claiming age discrimination, gender discrimination and retaliation. The Company has not been served with process as of the date of this report, but obtained a copy of the complaint on March 26, 2008, and has yet to file an answer or retain outside counsel. The Company believes the complaint to be baseless and without merit and intend to vigorously defend the allegations.
The Company is subject to various legal proceedings which arise in the ordinary course of its business. Management believes that the amount of any ultimate liability with respect to these actions will not materially affect the financial position or results of operations of the Company.
In September 2007, the Company renewed its employment agreements with certain executive officers for an additional three years. The agreements require, among other things, that the officers will adhere to confidentiality and noncompete requirements, and that in certain circumstances, they will be paid eighteen months salary if their employment is terminated prior to the term of their contract. The agreements also provide for payment of $1.0 million each should the Company undergo a change in control.
13. Subsequent events
Subsequent to December 31, 2007, the Company wrote off $1.2 million of deferred offering costs associated with its proposed the sale of its common stock in an initial public offering.
F - 26