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PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT NO. 5 (To Prospectus dated July 21, 2006) | Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) Registration No. 333-135464 |
$500,000,000
Allied World Assurance Company Holdings, Ltd
7.50% Senior Notes due 2016
This Prospectus Supplement No. 5 supplements the Market-Making Prospectus, dated July 21, 2006, as supplemented, relating to the public offering of the issuer’s 7.50% senior notes due 2016, which closed on July 26, 2006. Goldman, Sachs & Co. is continuing to make a market in the senior notes pursuant to the Market-Making Prospectus.
This Prospectus Supplement No. 5 is comprised of a quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on November 14, 2006.
You should read this Prospectus Supplement No. 5 in conjunction with the Market-Making Prospectus, as supplemented. This Prospectus Supplement No. 5 updates information in the Market-Making Prospectus, as supplemented, and, accordingly, to the extent inconsistent, the information in this Prospectus Supplement No. 5 supersedes the information contained in the Market-Making Prospectus, as supplemented.
Before you invest in the issuer’s senior notes, you should read the Market-Making Prospectus, as supplemented, and other documents the issuer has filed with the SEC for more complete information about the issuer and an investment in its senior notes. You may get these documents for free by visiting EDGAR on the SEC Website at www.sec.gov. Alternatively, you may obtain a copy of the Market-Making Prospectus by calling Goldman, Sachs & Co. toll-free at 1-866-471-2526.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus supplement is truthful and complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The date of this Prospectus Supplement No. 5 is November 14, 2006.
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-Q
(Mark One) | ||
þ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |
For the quarterly period ended: September 30, 2006 | ||
OR | ||
o | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |
For the transition period from to |
Commission file number:001-32938
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
Bermuda | 98-0481737 | |
(State or Other Jurisdiction of | (I.R.S. Employer | |
Incorporation or Organization) | Identification No.) |
43 Victoria Street, Hamilton HM 12, Bermuda
(Address of Principal Executive Offices and Zip Code)
(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ Noo
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” inRule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large Accelerated Filer o Accelerated Filer o Non-Accelerated Filer þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined inRule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No þ
The number of outstanding common shares, par value $0.03 per share, of Allied World Assurance Company Holdings, Ltd as of November 8, 2006 was 60,283,164.
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PART I
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. | Financial Statements. |
ALLIED WORLD ASSURANCE COMPANY HOLDINGS, LTD
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
as of September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005
(Expressed in thousands of United States dollars, except share and per share amounts)
As of | As of | |||||||
September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
2006 | 2005 | |||||||
ASSETS: | ||||||||
Fixed maturity investments available for sale, at fair value (amortized cost: 2006: $5,289,411, 2005: $4,442,040) | $ | 5,283,799 | $ | 4,390,457 | ||||
Other invested assets available for sale, at fair value (cost: 2006: $246,854; 2005: $270,138) | 256,997 | 296,990 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 270,848 | 172,379 | ||||||
Restricted cash | 50,871 | 41,788 | ||||||
Securities lending collateral | 700,804 | 456,792 | ||||||
Insurance balances receivable | 306,084 | 218,044 | ||||||
Prepaid reinsurance | 176,355 | 140,599 | ||||||
Reinsurance recoverable | 688,066 | 716,333 | ||||||
Accrued investment income | 43,498 | 48,983 | ||||||
Deferred acquisition costs | 119,845 | 94,557 | ||||||
Intangible assets | 3,920 | 3,920 | ||||||
Balances receivable on sale of investments | 70,174 | 3,633 | ||||||
Income tax assets | 5,540 | 8,516 | ||||||
Other assets | 36,092 | 17,501 | ||||||
Total assets | $ | 8,012,893 | $ | 6,610,492 | ||||
LIABILITIES: | ||||||||
Reserve for losses and loss expenses | $ | 3,586,964 | $ | 3,405,353 | ||||
Unearned premiums | 939,485 | 740,091 | ||||||
Unearned ceding commissions | 25,537 | 27,465 | ||||||
Reinsurance balances payable | 68,446 | 28,567 | ||||||
Securities lending payable | 700,804 | 456,792 | ||||||
Balances due on purchase of investments | 66,874 | — | ||||||
Senior notes | 498,543 | — | ||||||
Long term debt | — | 500,000 | ||||||
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | 31,368 | 31,958 | ||||||
Total liabilities | $ | 5,918,021 | $ | 5,190,226 | ||||
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY: | ||||||||
Common shares, par value $0.03 per share, issued and outstanding 2006: 60,283,040 shares and 2005: 50,162,842 shares | 1,809 | 1,505 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital | 1,819,730 | 1,488,860 | ||||||
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) | 269,886 | (44,591 | ) | |||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss): | ||||||||
net unrealized gains (losses) on investments, net of tax | 3,447 | (25,508 | ) | |||||
Total shareholders’ equity | 2,094,872 | 1,420,266 | ||||||
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity | $ | 8,012,893 | $ | 6,610,492 | ||||
See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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ALLIED WORLD ASSURANCE COMPANY HOLDINGS, LTD
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005
(Expressed in thousands of United States dollars, except share and per share amounts)
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2006 | 2005 | 2006 | 2005 | |||||||||||||
REVENUES: | ||||||||||||||||
Gross premiums written | $ | 362,478 | $ | 329,930 | $ | 1,378,914 | $ | 1,276,933 | ||||||||
Premiums ceded | (64,462 | ) | (80,210 | ) | (283,057 | ) | (268,553 | ) | ||||||||
Net premiums written | 298,016 | 249,720 | 1,095,857 | 1,008,380 | ||||||||||||
Change in unearned premiums | 19,743 | 63,556 | (163,638 | ) | (38,901 | ) | ||||||||||
Net premiums earned | 317,759 | 313,276 | 932,219 | 969,479 | ||||||||||||
Net investment income | 61,407 | 47,592 | 178,351 | 127,737 | ||||||||||||
Net realized investment (losses) gains | (9,080 | ) | 4,152 | (24,488 | ) | (4,937 | ) | |||||||||
370,086 | 365,020 | 1,086,082 | 1,092,279 | |||||||||||||
EXPENSES: | ||||||||||||||||
Net losses and loss expenses | 180,934 | 593,276 | 566,738 | 1,055,931 | ||||||||||||
Acquisition costs | 37,785 | 35,871 | 106,920 | 109,823 | ||||||||||||
General and administrative expenses | 25,640 | 20,795 | 72,218 | 66,676 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense | 9,529 | 5,146 | 23,056 | 9,783 | ||||||||||||
Foreign exchange (gain) loss | (561 | ) | (46 | ) | (491 | ) | 486 | |||||||||
253,327 | 655,042 | 768,441 | 1,242,699 | |||||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes | 116,759 | (290,022 | ) | 317,641 | (150,420 | ) | ||||||||||
Income tax expense (recovery) | 2,774 | (6,617 | ) | 3,164 | (2,922 | ) | ||||||||||
NET INCOME (LOSS) | 113,985 | (283,405 | ) | 314,477 | (147,498 | ) | ||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss) | ||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gains (losses) on investments arising during the period net of applicable deferred income tax recovery (expense) for three months 2006: ($1,004); 2005: ($101); and nine months 2006: ($348); 2005: $575 | 77,511 | (27,296 | ) | 4,467 | (54,203 | ) | ||||||||||
Reclassification adjustment for net realized losses (gains) included in net income | 9,080 | (4,152 | ) | 24,488 | 4,937 | |||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss) | 86,591 | (31,448 | ) | 28,955 | (49,266 | ) | ||||||||||
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) | $ | 200,576 | $ | (314,853 | ) | $ | 343,432 | $ | (196,764 | ) | ||||||
PER SHARE DATA | ||||||||||||||||
Basic earnings (loss) per share | $ | 1.95 | $ | (5.65 | ) | $ | 5.94 | $ | (2.94 | ) | ||||||
Diluted earnings (loss) per share | $ | 1.89 | $ | (5.65 | ) | $ | 5.76 | $ | (2.94 | ) | ||||||
Weighted average common shares outstanding | 58,376,307 | 50,162,842 | 52,900,664 | 50,162,842 | ||||||||||||
Weighted average common shares and common share equivalents outstanding | 60,451,643 | 50,162,842 | 54,577,445 | 50,162,842 |
See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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ALLIED WORLD ASSURANCE COMPANY HOLDINGS, LTD
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
for the nine months ended September 30, 2006, and for the year ended December 31, 2005
(Expressed in thousands of United States dollars)
Accumulated | Retained | |||||||||||||||||||
Additional | Other | Earnings | ||||||||||||||||||
Share | Paid-in | Comprehensive | (Accumulated | |||||||||||||||||
Capital | Capital | Income (Loss) | Deficit) | Total | ||||||||||||||||
December 31, 2004 | 1,505 | 1,488,860 | 33,171 | 614,985 | 2,138,521 | |||||||||||||||
Net loss | — | — | — | (159,776 | ) | (159,776 | ) | |||||||||||||
Dividends | — | — | — | (499,800 | ) | (499,800 | ) | |||||||||||||
Other comprehensive loss | — | — | (58,679 | ) | — | (58,679 | ) | |||||||||||||
December 31, 2005 | 1,505 | 1,488,860 | (25,508 | ) | (44,591 | ) | 1,420,266 | |||||||||||||
Stock issuance in initial public offering | 304 | 315,475 | — | — | 315,779 | |||||||||||||||
Net income | — | — | — | 314,477 | 314,477 | |||||||||||||||
Stock compensation plans | — | 15,395 | — | — | 15,395 | |||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income | — | — | 28,955 | — | 28,955 | |||||||||||||||
September 30, 2006 | $ | 1,809 | $ | 1,819,730 | $ | 3,447 | $ | 269,886 | $ | 2,094,872 | ||||||||||
See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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ALLIED WORLD ASSURANCE COMPANY HOLDINGS, LTD
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005
(Expressed in thousands of United States dollars)
Nine Months Ended | ||||||||
September 30, | ||||||||
2006 | 2005 | |||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: | ||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 314,477 | $ | (147,498 | ) | |||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities: | ||||||||
Net realized losses on sales of investments | 11,205 | 4,937 | ||||||
Net realized losses forother-than-temporary impairment charges on investments | 13,283 | — | ||||||
Amortization of premiums net of accrual of discounts on fixed maturities | 9,224 | 28,800 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes | 433 | 1,224 | ||||||
Warrant compensation expense | 2,643 | 2,373 | ||||||
Restricted stock unit expense | 2,384 | 537 | ||||||
Long-term incentive plan expense | 2,911 | — | ||||||
Debt issuance expense | 724 | 283 | ||||||
Amortization of discount and expenses on senior notes | 32 | — | ||||||
Cash settlements on interest rate swaps | 7,340 | (1,897 | ) | |||||
Mark to market on interest rate swaps | (6,896 | ) | 4,120 | |||||
Changes in assets and liabilities: | ||||||||
Insurance balances receivable | (88,040 | ) | (73,120 | ) | ||||
Prepaid reinsurance | (35,756 | ) | (5,858 | ) | ||||
Reinsurance recoverable | 28,267 | (401,103 | ) | |||||
Accrued investment income | 5,485 | (809 | ) | |||||
Deferred acquisition costs | (25,288 | ) | (12,250 | ) | ||||
Income tax assets | 2,543 | (9,229 | ) | |||||
Other assets | (19,790 | ) | 7,332 | |||||
Reserve for losses and loss expenses | 181,611 | 1,177,198 | ||||||
Unearned premiums | 199,394 | 43,546 | ||||||
Unearned ceding commissions | (1,928 | ) | (351 | ) | ||||
Reinsurance balances payable | 39,879 | (30,701 | ) | |||||
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | 6,868 | 2,371 | ||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | 651,005 | 589,905 | ||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: | ||||||||
Purchases of fixed maturity investments | (4,381,570 | ) | (2,899,008 | ) | ||||
Purchases of other invested assets | (132,002 | ) | (113,708 | ) | ||||
Sales of fixed maturity investments | 3,489,192 | 2,452,929 | ||||||
Sales of other invested assets | 164,787 | 2,154 | ||||||
Change in restricted cash | (9,083 | ) | (47,512 | ) | ||||
Net cash used in investing activities | (868,676 | ) | (605,145 | ) | ||||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: | ||||||||
Dividends paid | — | (498,544 | ) | |||||
Gross proceeds from initial public offering | 344,080 | — | ||||||
Issuance costs paid on initial public offering | (23,225 | ) | — | |||||
Proceeds from issuance of senior notes | 498,535 | — | ||||||
Repayment of / proceeds from long term debt | (500,000 | ) | 500,000 | |||||
Debt issuance costs paid | (3,250 | ) | (1,021 | ) | ||||
Net cash provided by financing activities | 316,140 | 435 | ||||||
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS | 98,469 | (14,805 | ) | |||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF PERIOD | 172,379 | 190,738 | ||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF PERIOD | $ | 270,848 | $ | 175,933 | ||||
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: | ||||||||
— Cash paid for income taxes | $ | 497 | $ | 272 | ||||
— Cash paid for interest expense | 15,495 | 9,686 | ||||||
— Change in balance receivable on sale of investments | (66,541 | ) | (300 | ) | ||||
— Change in balance payable on purchase of investments | 66,874 | 86,926 | ||||||
See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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ALLIED WORLD ASSURANCE COMPANY HOLDINGS, LTD
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Expressed in thousands of United States dollars, except share and per share amounts)
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Expressed in thousands of United States dollars, except share and per share amounts)
1. | GENERAL |
Allied World Assurance Holdings, Ltd was incorporated in Bermuda on November 13, 2001. On June 9, 2006, Allied World Assurance Holdings, Ltd changed its name to Allied World Assurance Company Holdings, Ltd (“Holdings”). Holdings, through its wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”), provides property and casualty insurance and reinsurance on a worldwide basis.
On July 11, 2006, the Company sold 8,800,000 common shares in its initial public offering (“IPO”) at a public offering price of $34.00 per share. On July 19, 2006, the Company sold an additional 1,320,000 common shares at $34.00 per share in connection with the exercise in full by the underwriters of their over-allotment option. In connection with the IPO, a1-for-3 reverse stock split of the Company’s common shares was consummated on July 7, 2006. All share and per share amounts related to common shares, warrants, options and restricted stock units (“RSUs”) included in these consolidated financial statements and footnotes have been restated to reflect the reverse stock split. The reverse stock split has been retroactively applied to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
2. | BASIS OF PREPARATION AND CONSOLIDATION |
These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Holdings and its subsidiaries and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and with Article 10 ofRegulation S-X as promulgated by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments that are normal and recurring in nature and necessary for a fair presentation of financial position and results of operations as of the end of and for the periods presented. The results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results for a full year.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The significant estimates reflected in the Company’s financial statements include, but are not limited to:
• | The premium estimates for certain reinsurance agreements, | |
• | Recoverability of deferred acquisition costs, | |
• | The reserve for losses and loss expenses, | |
• | Valuation of ceded reinsurance recoverables, and | |
• | Determination ofother-than-temporary impairment of investments. |
Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated on consolidation, and all entities meeting consolidation requirements have been included in the consolidation.
These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financials statements for the three years ended December 31, 2005, as filed with the SEC on March 17, 2006 in the Company’s registration statement onForm S-1 (FileNo. 333-132507), as amended.
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ALLIED WORLD ASSURANCE COMPANY HOLDINGS, LTD
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Expressed in thousands of United States dollars, except share and per share amounts)
3. | NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS |
In July 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued FASB Interpretation No. 48 (“FIN 48”), “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes.” FIN 48 prescribes detailed guidance for the financial statement recognition, measurement and disclosure of uncertain tax positions recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements in accordance with FASB Statement No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes.” Tax positions must meet a more-likely-than-not recognition threshold at the effective date to be recognized upon the adoption of FIN 48 and in subsequent periods. FIN 48 will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006 and the provisions of FIN 48 will be applied to all tax positions upon initial adoption of the interpretation. The cumulative effect of applying the provisions of this interpretation will be reported as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings for that fiscal year. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of FIN 48 on its financial statements.
In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“FAS”) No. 157 “Fair Value Measurements” (“FAS 157”). This statement defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value under U.S. GAAP, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. FAS 157 applies under other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements. FAS 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years. FAS 157 does not require any change in fair value measurements for the Company.
In September 2006, the FASB also issued FAS No. 158 “Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans — an amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106, and 132(R)” (“FAS 158”). This statement improves financial reporting by requiring an employer to recognize the overfunded or underfunded status of a defined benefit postretirement plan (other than a multiemployer plan) as an asset or a liability in its statement of financial position and to recognize changes in that funded status in the year in which the changes occur through comprehensive income of a business entity or changes in unrestricted net assets of anot-for-profit organization. FAS 158 also improves financial reporting by requiring an employer to measure the funded status of a plan as of the date of its year-end statement of financial position, with limited exceptions. The required date of adoption of the recognition and disclosure provisions of FAS 158 for an employer with publicly traded equity securities is for the fiscal year ending after December 15, 2006. The Company has defined contribution retirement plans and as such, FAS 158 has no impact on the Company’s financial position or disclosure.
4. | INVESTMENTS |
The Company regularly reviews the carrying value of its investments to determine if a decline in value is considered to be other than temporary. This review involves consideration of several factors including: (i) the significance of the decline in value and the resulting unrealized loss position, (ii) the time period for which there has been a significant decline in value, (iii) an analysis of the issuer of the investment, including its liquidity, business prospects and overall financial position and (iv) the Company’s intent and ability to hold the investment for a sufficient period of time for the value to recover. The identification of potentially impaired investments involves significant management judgment which includes the determination of their fair value and the assessment of whether any decline in value is other than temporary. If the decline in value is determined to be other than temporary, then the Company records a realized loss in the statement of operations in the period that it is determined.
As of September 30, 2006, the unrealized losses from the securities held in the Company’s investment portfolio were primarily the result of rising interest rates. Following the Company’s review of the securities in its investment portfolio, 21 securities and 27 securities were considered to beother-than-temporarily impaired for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, respectively. Consequently, the Company recorded
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ALLIED WORLD ASSURANCE COMPANY HOLDINGS, LTD
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Expressed in thousands of United States dollars, except share and per share amounts)
4. INVESTMENTS (cont’d)
another-than-temporary impairment charge, within net realized investment losses on the consolidated statement of operations, of $8,351 and $13,283 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, respectively. There were no similar charges recognized in 2005.
The following table summarizes the market value of those investments in an unrealized loss position for periods less than and greater than 12 months:
September 30, 2006 | December 31, 2005 | |||||||||||||||
Gross | Gross | |||||||||||||||
Fair | Unrealized | Fair | Unrealized | |||||||||||||
Value | Losses | Value | Losses | |||||||||||||
Less than 12 months | ||||||||||||||||
U.S. Government and Government agencies | $ | 517,739 | $ | (3,829 | ) | $ | 1,667,847 | $ | (28,283 | ) | ||||||
Non U.S. Government and Government agencies | 21,566 | (168 | ) | 54,235 | (1,954 | ) | ||||||||||
Corporate | 202,963 | (1,504 | ) | 488,175 | (5,593 | ) | ||||||||||
Mortgage backed | 586,714 | (3,433 | ) | 609,000 | (4,415 | ) | ||||||||||
Asset backed | 59,178 | (296 | ) | 102,103 | (392 | ) | ||||||||||
$ | 1,388,160 | $ | (9,230 | ) | $ | 2,921,360 | $ | (40,637 | ) | |||||||
More than 12 months | ||||||||||||||||
U.S. Government and Government agencies | $ | 756,853 | $ | (16,990 | ) | $ | 533,204 | $ | (14,561 | ) | ||||||
Non U.S. Government and Government agencies | 676 | (8 | ) | — | — | |||||||||||
Corporate | 357,620 | (5,058 | ) | 209,944 | (5,081 | ) | ||||||||||
Mortgage backed | 339,333 | (3,659 | ) | 28,274 | (553 | ) | ||||||||||
Asset backed | 53,948 | (409 | ) | 73,346 | (848 | ) | ||||||||||
$ | 1,508,430 | $ | (26,124 | ) | $ | 844,768 | $ | (21,043 | ) | |||||||
$ | 2,896,590 | $ | (35,354 | ) | $ | 3,766,128 | $ | (61,680 | ) | |||||||
5. | DEBT AND FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS |
On March 30, 2005, the Company entered into a seven-year credit agreement with the Bank of America, N.A. and a syndicate of commercial banks. The total borrowing under this facility was $500,000 at a floating rate of the appropriate LIBOR rate as periodically agreed to by the Company and the Lenders, plus an applicable margin based on the Company’s financial strength rating from A.M. Best Company, Inc.
In July 2006, in accordance with the terms of this credit agreement, $157,925 of the net proceeds from the IPO and the exercise in full by the underwriters of their over-allotment option were used to pre-pay a portion of the outstanding principal.
On July 21, 2006, the Company issued $500,000 aggregate principal amount of 7.50% Senior Notes due August 1, 2016 (“Senior Notes”), with interest on the Senior Notes payable on August 1 and February 1 of each year, commencing on February 1, 2007. The Senior Notes were offered by the underwriters at a price of 99.707% of their principal amount, providing an effective yield to investors of 7.542%. The Company used a portion of the proceeds from the Senior Notes to repay the remaining amount of the credit agreement
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ALLIED WORLD ASSURANCE COMPANY HOLDINGS, LTD
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Expressed in thousands of United States dollars, except share and per share amounts)
5. DEBT AND FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS (cont’d)
described above as well as to provide additional capital to its subsidiaries and for other general corporate purposes. As of September 30, 2006, the fair value of the Senior Notes as published by Bloomberg was 106.185% of their principal amount, providing an effective yield of 6.631%.
The Senior Notes can be redeemed by the Company prior to maturity subject to payment of a “make-whole” premium. The Company has no current expectations of calling the Senior Notes prior to maturity. The Senior Notes contain certain covenants that include: (i) limitations on liens on stock of designated subsidiaries; (ii) limitation as to the disposition of stock of designated subsidiaries; and (iii) limitations on mergers, amalgamations, consolidations or sale of assets.
Events of default include: (i) the default in the payment of any interest or principal on any outstanding notes, and the continuance of such default for a period of 30 days; (ii) the default in the performance, or breach, of any of the covenants in the indenture (other than a covenant added solely for the benefit of another series of debt securities) and continuance of such default or breach for a period of 60 days after the Company has received written notice specifying such default or breach; and (iii) certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization. Where an event of default occurs and is continuing, either the trustee of the Senior Notes or the holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the Senior Notes may have the right to declare that all unpaid principal amounts and accrued interest then outstanding be due and payable immediately.
6. | SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY |
The authorized share capital of the Company as at September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005 was $10,000.
On July 11, 2006, the Company sold 8,800,000 common shares in the IPO at a public offering price of $34.00 per share. On July 19, 2006, the Company sold an additional 1,320,000 common shares at $34.00 per share in connection with the exercise in full by the underwriters of their over-allotment option. In connection with the IPO, a1-for-3 reverse stock split of the Company’s common shares was consummated on July 7, 2006.
The issued share capital consists of the following:
September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
2006 | 2005 | |||||||
Common shares issued and fully paid, par value $0.03 per share | 60,283,040 | 50,162,842 | ||||||
Share capital at end of period | $ | 1,809 | $ | 1,505 | ||||
As of September 30, 2006, there were outstanding 26,585,079 voting common shares and 33,697,961 non-voting common shares.
7. | EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS |
a) Employee option plan
In 2001, the Company implemented the Allied World Assurance Company Holdings, Ltd 2001 Employee Warrant Plan, which, after Holdings’ special general meeting of shareholders on June 9, 2006 and the IPO, was amended and restated and renamed the Allied World Assurance Company Holdings, Ltd Amended and Restated 2001 Employee Stock Option Plan (the “Plan”). The Plan provides certain employees with additional incentive to continue their efforts on behalf of the Company and assists the Company in attracting people of experience and ability. The Plan was converted into a stock option plan as part of the IPO and the warrants
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ALLIED WORLD ASSURANCE COMPANY HOLDINGS, LTD
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Expressed in thousands of United States dollars, except share and per share amounts)
7. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS (cont’d)
a) Employee option plan (cont’d)
that were previously granted thereunder were converted to options and remain outstanding with the same exercise price and vesting period. Under the Plan, up to 2,000,000 common shares of Holdings may be issued. These options are exercisable in certain limited conditions, expire after 10 years, and generally vest pro-rata over four years from the date of grant. During the period from November 13, 2001 to December 31, 2002, the exercise price of the options issued was $24.26 per share, after giving effect to the extraordinary dividend described below. The exercise prices of options issued subsequent to December 31, 2002 and prior to the IPO were based on the per share book value of the Company. In accordance with the Plan, the exercise prices of the options issued prior to the declaration of the extraordinary dividend in March 2005 were reduced by the per share value of the dividend declared. The exercise price of options issued subsequent to the IPO are determined by the Board of Directors but shall not be less than 100% of the fair market value of the common shares of Holdings on the date the option award is granted.
Nine Months Ended | Year Ended | |||||||
September 30, 2006 | December 31, 2005 | |||||||
Outstanding at beginning of period | 1,036,322 | 788,162 | ||||||
Granted | 173,328 | 255,993 | ||||||
Exercised | (1,041 | ) | — | |||||
Forfeited | (6,416 | ) | (7,833 | ) | ||||
Outstanding at end of period | 1,202,193 | 1,036,322 | ||||||
Weighted average exercise price per option | $ | 27.53 | $ | 27.26 |
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ALLIED WORLD ASSURANCE COMPANY HOLDINGS, LTD
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Expressed in thousands of United States dollars, except share and per share amounts)
7. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS (cont’d)
a) Employee option plan (cont’d)
The following table summarizes the exercise prices for outstanding employee stock options as of September 30, 2006.
Weighted Average | ||||||||||||
Options | Remaining | Options | ||||||||||
Exercise Price | Outstanding | Contractual Life | Exercisable | |||||||||
$23.61 | 98,498 | 6.26 years | 78,525 | |||||||||
$24.27 | 438,334 | 5.50 years | 438,334 | |||||||||
$26.94 | 22,542 | 5.78 years | 17,373 | |||||||||
$28.08 | 14,167 | 6.92 years | 10,624 | |||||||||
$28.32 | 233,162 | 9.25 years | — | |||||||||
$29.52 | 114,912 | 7.14 years | 67,556 | |||||||||
$29.85 | 1,667 | 8.84 years | 416 | |||||||||
$30.99 | 12,333 | 7.81 years | 6,166 | |||||||||
$31.47 | 57,501 | 7.66 years | 28,743 | |||||||||
$31.77 | 21,834 | 7.72 years | 10,914 | |||||||||
$32.70 | 139,992 | 8.17 years | 35,094 | |||||||||
$32.85 | 3,583 | 4.30 years | 1,083 | |||||||||
$34.00 | 25,334 | 9.65 years | — | |||||||||
$34.51 | 1,000 | 9.84 years | — | |||||||||
$35.01 | 17,334 | 8.67 years | 4,330 | |||||||||
1,202,193 | 699,158 | |||||||||||
Prior to the second quarter of 2006, the calculation of the compensation expense associated with the options had been made by reference to the book value per share of the Company as of the end of each period, and was deemed to be the difference between such book value per share and the exercise price of the individual options. The book value of the Company approximated its fair value. The use of a fair value other than the book value was first implemented for the period ended June 30, 2006. The fair value of each option granted was determined at June 30, 2006 using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. Although the IPO was subsequent to June 30, 2006, the best estimate of the fair value of the common shares at that time was the IPO price of $34.00 per share. This amount was used in the model for June 30, 2006, and the Plan was accounted for as a “liability plan” in accordance with FAS No. 123(R) “Share Based Payment” (“FAS 123(R)”). The compensation expense recorded for the period ending June 30, 2006 included a one-time expense of $2,582, which was the difference between the fair value of the options on June 30, 2006 using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and the amount previously expensed.
The combined amendment to the Plan and the IPO constituted a “modification” to the Plan in accordance with FAS 123(R). Accordingly, the options outstanding at the time of the IPO were revalued using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The amendment to the Plan qualifies it as an “equity plan” in accordance with FAS 123(R) and as such, current liabilities have been, and future compensation expenses will be, included in additional paid-in capital on the consolidated balance sheets.
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ALLIED WORLD ASSURANCE COMPANY HOLDINGS, LTD
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Expressed in thousands of United States dollars, except share and per share amounts)
7. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS (cont’d)
a) Employee option plan (cont’d)
Assumptions used in the option-pricing model for the options revalued at the time of the IPO, and for those issued subsequent to the IPO are as follows:
Options Revalued | Options Granted | |||||||
as part of the IPO | Three Months Ended | |||||||
July 11, 2006 | September 30, 2006 | |||||||
Expected term of option | 6.25 years | 6.25 years | ||||||
Weighted average risk-free interest rate | 5.11 | % | 4.914 | % | ||||
Expected volatility | 23.44 | % | 24.02 | % | ||||
Dividend yield | 1.5 | % | 1.5 | % | ||||
As there is limited historical data available for the Company to base the expected term of the options, the Company has used the simplified method to determine the expected life as set forth in the SEC’s Staff Accounting Bulletin 107 (“SAB 107”). Likewise, as the Company recently became a public company in July 2006, there is limited historical data available to it on which to base the volatility of its stock. As such, the Company used the average of five volatility statistics from comparable companies in order to derive the volatility values above.
Compensation costs of $62 and $nil relating to the options have been included in general and administrative expenses in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Also, compensation costs of $2,643 and $2,373 relating to the options have been included in general and administrative expenses in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively. As of September 30, 2006, the Company recorded in additional paid-in capital on the consolidated balance sheets an amount of $8,828 in connection with all options granted. This amount includes a one-time adjustment of $6,185 taken this quarter to re-class the Plan as an “equity plan” in accordance with FAS 123(R). As of December 31, 2005, the Company had recorded in accounts payable and accrued liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets an amount of $6,185 in connection with all options granted to its employees.
As of September 30, 2006, there was remaining $4,540 of total unrecognized compensation costs related to non-vested options granted under the Plan. These costs are expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.2 years.
b) Stock incentive plan
On February 19, 2004, the Company implemented the Allied World Assurance Holdings, Ltd 2004 Stock Incentive Plan which, after Holdings’ special general meeting of shareholders on June 9, 2006 and the IPO, was amended and restated and renamed the Allied World Assurance Company Holdings, Ltd Amended and Restated 2004 Stock Incentive Plan (the “Stock Incentive Plan”). The Stock Incentive Plan provides for grants of restricted stock, RSUs, dividend equivalent rights and other equity-based awards. A total of 2,000,000 common shares may be issued under the Stock Incentive Plan. To date only RSUs have been granted. These RSUs generally vest in the fourth or fifth year from the original grant date, or pro-rata over four years from the date of the grant.
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ALLIED WORLD ASSURANCE COMPANY HOLDINGS, LTD
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Expressed in thousands of United States dollars, except share and per share amounts)
7. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS (cont’d)
b) Stock incentive plan (cont’d)
Nine Months Ended | Year Ended | |||||||
September 30, 2006 | December 31, 2005 | |||||||
Outstanding RSUs at beginning of period | 127,163 | 90,833 | ||||||
RSUs granted | 584,208 | 36,330 | ||||||
RSUs forfeited | (6,000 | ) | — | |||||
Outstanding RSUs at end of period | 705,371 | 127,163 | ||||||
For those RSUs outstanding at the time of the amendment, the modification to the Stock Incentive Plan required a revaluation of the RSUs based on the fair market value of the common shares at the time of the IPO. The vesting period remained the same. The compensation expense for the RSUs on a going-forward basis is based on the fair market value per common share of the Company as of the respective grant dates and is recognized over the vesting period. The modification of the Stock Incentive Plan changed the accounting from a liability plan to an equity plan in accordance with FAS 123(R). As such, all accumulated amounts due under the Stock Incentive Plan were transferred to additional paid-in capital on the consolidated balance sheet.
Compensation costs of $1,230 and $86 relating to the issuance of the RSUs have been recognized in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Likewise, compensation costs of $2,384 and $537 relating to the issuance of the RSUs have been recognized in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively. The determination of the RSU expense for 2005 was based on the Company’s book value per share at September 30, 2005, which approximated fair value.
As of September 30, 2006, the Company recorded $3,656 in additional paid-in capital on the consolidated balance sheets in connection with the RSUs awarded. As of December 31, 2005, the Company had recorded in accounts payable and accrued liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets an amount of $1,273 in connection with the RSUs awarded. As of September 30, 2006, there was remaining $20,548 of total unrecognized compensation costs related to non-vested RSUs awarded. These costs are expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.7 years.
c) Long-term incentive plan
On May 22, 2006, the Company implemented the Long-Term Incentive Plan (“LTIP”), which provides for performance based equity awards to key employees in order to promote the long-term growth and profitability of the Company. Each award represents the right to receive a number of common shares in the future, based upon the achievement of established performance criteria during the applicable three-year performance period. A total of 2,000,000 common shares may be issued under the LTIP. To date, 228,334 of these performance based equity awards have been granted, which will vest after the fiscal year ending December 31, 2008 in accordance with the terms and performance conditions of the LTIP.
Nine Months Ended | ||||
September 30, 2006 | ||||
Outstanding LTIP awards at beginning of period | — | |||
LTIP awards granted | 228,334 | |||
LTIP awards forfeited | — | |||
Outstanding LTIP awards at end of period | 228,334 | |||
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ALLIED WORLD ASSURANCE COMPANY HOLDINGS, LTD
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Expressed in thousands of United States dollars, except share and per share amounts)
7. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS (cont’d)
c) Long-term incentive plan (cont’d)
Compensation expense of $970 and $2,911 has been recognized in the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006. The compensation expense for the LTIP is based on the Company’s IPO price per share of $34.00. The LTIP is deemed to be an equity plan and as such, $2,911 has been included in additional paid-in capital on the consolidated balance sheets. As of September 30, 2006, there was remaining $8,734 of total unrecognized compensation costs related to non-vested LTIP awards. These costs are expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.3 years.
In calculating the compensation expense, it is estimated that the maximum performance goals as set by the LTIP are likely to be achieved over the performance period. The performance period for the LTIP awards issued to date is defined as the three consecutive fiscal-year period beginning January 1, 2006. The expense is recognized over the performance period.
8. | EARNINGS PER SHARE |
The following table sets forth the comparison of basic and diluted earnings per share:
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2006 | 2005 | 2006 | 2005 | |||||||||||||
Basic earnings (loss) per share | ||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 113,985 | $ | (283,405 | ) | $ | 314,477 | $ | (147,498 | ) | ||||||
Weighted average common shares outstanding | 58,376,307 | 50,162,842 | 52,900,664 | 50,162,842 | ||||||||||||
Basic earnings (loss) per share | $ | 1.95 | $ | (5.65 | ) | $ | 5.94 | $ | (2.94 | ) | ||||||
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2006 | 2005 | 2006 | 2005 | |||||||||||||
Diluted earnings (loss) per share | ||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 113,985 | $ | (283,405 | ) | $ | 314,477 | $ | (147,498 | ) | ||||||
Weighted average common shares outstanding | 58,376,307 | 50,162,842 | 52,900,664 | 50,162,842 | ||||||||||||
Share equivalents: | ||||||||||||||||
Warrants and options | 1,227,768 | — | 1,225,745 | — | ||||||||||||
Restricted stock units | 619,234 | — | 349,554 | — | ||||||||||||
LTIP awards | 228,334 | — | 101,482 | — | ||||||||||||
Weighted average common shares and common share equivalents outstanding — diluted | 60,451,643 | 50,162,842 | 54,577,445 | 50,162,842 | ||||||||||||
Diluted earnings (loss) per share | $ | 1.89 | $ | (5.65 | ) | $ | 5.76 | $ | (2.94 | ) | ||||||
For the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2006, all common share equivalents, consisting of warrants issued to certain of the Company’s founding shareholders and stock option, RSU and LTIP awards, were considered dilutive and have been included in the calculation of the diluted earnings per share. No common share equivalents were included in calculating the diluted earnings per share for the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2005 as there was a net loss for these periods, and any additional shares were antidilutive. As a result, 5,500,000 founder warrants, 952,833 stock options, and 127,163 RSUs
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ALLIED WORLD ASSURANCE COMPANY HOLDINGS, LTD
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Expressed in thousands of United States dollars, except share and per share amounts)
8. EARNINGS PER SHARE (cont’d)
that were anti-dilutive have been excluded from the calculation of the diluted earnings per share for these periods.
9. | RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS |
Since November 21, 2001, the Company has entered into administrative services agreements with various subsidiaries of American International Group, Inc. (“AIG”), a principal shareholder of the Company. Until December 31, 2005, the Company was provided with administrative services under these agreements for a fee based on the gross premiums written of the Company. Effective December 31, 2005, the administrative services agreement covering Holdings and its Bermuda domiciled companies was terminated with an anticipated termination fee of $5,000. A final termination fee of $3,000 was agreed to and paid on April 25, 2006, and recorded in the second quarter of 2006. The amount was less than the $5,000 accrued and expensed for the year ended December 31, 2005. Accordingly, a reduction in the estimated expense in the amount of $2,000 is included in general and administrative expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2006.
Effective January 1, 2006, the Company entered into short-duration administrative service agreements with these AIG subsidiaries that provided for a more limited range of services on either a cost-plus or a flat fee basis, depending on the agreement. Expenses of $805 and $3,422 were incurred for services under these agreements for the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Likewise, expenses of $2,469 and $20,642 were incurred for services under these agreements for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively. The services no longer included as part of these agreements are provided internally through additional Company staff and infrastructure.
10. | LEGAL PROCEEDINGS |
On or about November 8, 2005, the Company received a Civil Investigative Demand (“CID”) from the Antitrust and Civil Medicaid Fraud Division of the Office of the Attorney General of Texas, which relates to the investigation into (1) the possibility of restraint of trade in one or more markets within the State of Texas arising out of the Company’s business relationships with companies of AIG and The Chubb Corporation (“Chubb”), and (2) certain insurance and insurance brokerage practices, including those relating to contingent commissions and false quotes, which are also the subject of industry-wide investigations and class action litigation. Specifically, the CID seeks information concerning the Company’s relationship with its investors, and in particular, AIG and Chubb, including their role in the Company’s business, sharing of business information and any agreements not to compete. The CID also seeks information regarding (i) contingent commission, placement service or other agreements that the Company may have had with brokers or producers, and (ii) the possibility of the provision of any non-competitive bids by the Company in connection with the placement of insurance. The Company is cooperating with this ongoing investigation, and has produced documents and other information in response to the CID. At this stage, the Company cannot estimate, for purposes of reserving or otherwise, the severity of an adverse result or settlement on the Company’s results of operations, financial condition, growth prospects or financial strength ratings.
On April 4, 2006, a complaint was filed in U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia (Atlanta Division) by a group of several corporations and certain of their related entities in an action entitled New Cingular Wireless Headquarters, LLC et al, as plaintiffs, against certain defendants, including Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc., Marsh Inc. and Aon Corporation, in their capacities as insurance brokers, and 78 insurers, including Allied World Assurance Company, Ltd, Holdings’ insurance subsidiary in Bermuda.
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ALLIED WORLD ASSURANCE COMPANY HOLDINGS, LTD
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Expressed in thousands of United States dollars, except share and per share amounts)
10. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS (cont’d)
The action generally relates to broker defendants’ placement of insurance contracts for plaintiffs with the 78 insurer defendants. Plaintiffs maintain that the defendants used a variety of illegal schemes and practices designed to, among other things, allocate customers, rig bids for insurance products and raise the prices of insurance products paid by the plaintiffs. In addition, plaintiffs allege that the broker defendants steered policyholders’ business to preferred insurer defendants. Plaintiffs claim that as a result of these practices, policyholders either paid more for insurance products or received less beneficial terms than the competitive market would have charged. The eight counts in the complaint allege, among other things, (i) unreasonable restraints of trade and conspiracy in violation of the Sherman Act, (ii) violations of the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act, or RICO, (iii) that broker defendants breached their fiduciary duties to plaintiffs, (iv) that insurer defendants participated in and induced this alleged breach of fiduciary duty, (v) unjust enrichment, (vi) common law fraud by broker defendants and (vii) statutory and consumer fraud under the laws of certain U.S. states. Plaintiffs seek equitable and legal remedies, including injunctive relief, unquantified consequential and punitive damages, and treble damages under the Sherman Act and RICO. On October 16, 2006, the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation ordered that the litigation be transferred to the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey for inclusion in the coordinated or consolidated pretrial proceedings occurring in that court. Neither Allied World Assurance Company, Ltd nor any of the other defendants have responded to the complaint. Because this matter is in an early stage, the Company cannot estimate the possible range of loss, if any.
11. | SEGMENT INFORMATION |
The determination of reportable segments is based on how senior management monitors the Company’s underwriting operations. The Company measures the results of its underwriting operations under three major business categories, namely property insurance, casualty insurance and reinsurance. All product lines fall within these classifications.
The property segment includes the insurance of physical property and energy-related risks. These risks generally relate to tangible assets and are considered “short-tail” in that the time from a claim being advised to the date when the claim is settled is relatively short. The casualty segment includes the insurance of general liability risks, professional liability risks and healthcare risks. Such risks are “long-tail” in nature since the emergence and settlement of a claim can take place many years after the policy period has expired. The reinsurance segment of the Company’s business includes any reinsurance of other companies in the insurance and reinsurance industries. The Company writes reinsurance on both a treaty and facultative basis.
Responsibility and accountability for the results of underwriting operations are assigned by major line of business on a worldwide basis. Because the Company does not manage its assets by segment, investment income, interest expense and total assets are not allocated to individual reportable segments.
Management measures results for each segment on the basis of the “loss and loss expense ratio”, “acquisition cost ratio”, “general and administrative expense ratio” and the “combined ratio”. The “loss and loss expense ratio” is derived by dividing net losses and loss expenses by net premiums earned. The “acquisition cost ratio” is derived by dividing acquisition costs by net premiums earned. The “general and administrative expense ratio” is derived by dividing general and administrative expenses by net premiums earned. The “combined ratio” is the sum of the loss and loss expense ratio, the acquisition cost ratio and the general and administrative expense ratio.
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ALLIED WORLD ASSURANCE COMPANY HOLDINGS, LTD
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Expressed in thousands of United States dollars, except share and per share amounts)
11. SEGMENT INFORMATION (cont’d)
The following table provides a summary of the segment results for the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005.
Three Months Ended September 30, 2006 | Property | Casualty | Reinsurance | Total | ||||||||||||
Gross premiums written | $ | 88,150 | $ | 144,576 | $ | 129,752 | $ | 362,478 | ||||||||
Net premiums written | 40,855 | 127,893 | 129,268 | 298,016 | ||||||||||||
Net premiums earned | 46,576 | 135,186 | 135,997 | 317,759 | ||||||||||||
Net losses and loss expenses | (28,917 | ) | (78,979 | ) | (73,038 | ) | (180,934 | ) | ||||||||
Acquisition costs | 373 | (7,301 | ) | (30,857 | ) | (37,785 | ) | |||||||||
General and administrative expenses | (6,273 | ) | (12,894 | ) | (6,473 | ) | (25,640 | ) | ||||||||
Underwriting income | 11,759 | 36,012 | 25,629 | 73,400 | ||||||||||||
Net investment income | 61,407 | |||||||||||||||
Net realized investment losses | (9,080 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Interest expense | (9,529 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Foreign exchange gain | 561 | |||||||||||||||
Income before income taxes | $ | 116,759 | ||||||||||||||
Loss and loss expense ratio | 62.1 | % | 58.4 | % | 53.7 | % | 56.9 | % | ||||||||
Acquisition cost ratio | (0.8 | )% | 5.4 | % | 22.7 | % | 11.9 | % | ||||||||
General and administrative expense ratio | 13.5 | % | 9.6 | % | 4.8 | % | 8.1 | % | ||||||||
Combined ratio | 74.8 | % | 73.4 | % | 81.2 | % | 76.9 | % | ||||||||
Three Months Ended September 30, 2005 | Property | Casualty | Reinsurance | Total | ||||||||||||
Gross premiums written | $ | 85,048 | $ | 153,267 | $ | 91,615 | $ | 329,930 | ||||||||
Net premiums written | 25,304 | 138,589 | 85,827 | 249,720 | ||||||||||||
Net premiums earned | 40,047 | 146,556 | 126,673 | 313,276 | ||||||||||||
Net losses and loss expenses | (252,679 | ) | (101,928 | ) | (238,669 | ) | (593,276 | ) | ||||||||
Acquisition costs | 1,771 | (7,950 | ) | (29,692 | ) | (35,871 | ) | |||||||||
General and administrative expenses | (4,871 | ) | (10,314 | ) | (5,610 | ) | (20,795 | ) | ||||||||
Underwriting (loss) income | (215,732 | ) | 26,364 | (147,298 | ) | (336,666 | ) | |||||||||
Net investment income | 47,592 | |||||||||||||||
Net realized investment gains | 4,152 | |||||||||||||||
Interest expense | (5,146 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Foreign exchange gain | 46 | |||||||||||||||
Loss before income taxes | $ | (290,022 | ) | |||||||||||||
Loss and loss expense ratio | 630.9 | % | 69.6 | % | 188.4 | % | 189.4 | % | ||||||||
Acquisition cost ratio | (4.4 | )% | 5.4 | % | 23.5 | % | 11.5 | % | ||||||||
General and administrative expense ratio | 12.2 | % | 7.0 | % | 4.4 | % | 6.6 | % | ||||||||
Combined ratio | 638.7 | % | 82.0 | % | 216.3 | % | 207.5 | % | ||||||||
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ALLIED WORLD ASSURANCE COMPANY HOLDINGS, LTD
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Expressed in thousands of United States dollars, except share and per share amounts)
11. SEGMENT INFORMATION (cont’d)
The following table provides a summary of the segment results for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2006 | Property | Casualty | Reinsurance | Total | ||||||||||||
Gross premiums written | $ | 374,830 | $ | 475,074 | $ | 529,010 | $ | 1,378,914 | ||||||||
Net premiums written | 152,808 | 414,812 | 528,237 | 1,095,857 | ||||||||||||
Net premiums earned | 141,633 | 400,488 | 390,098 | 932,219 | ||||||||||||
Net losses and loss expenses | (86,965 | ) | (258,993 | ) | (220,780 | ) | (566,738 | ) | ||||||||
Acquisition costs | 2,631 | (23,575 | ) | (85,976 | ) | (106,920 | ) | |||||||||
General and administrative expenses | (18,233 | ) | (35,873 | ) | (18,112 | ) | (72,218 | ) | ||||||||
Underwriting income | 39,066 | 82,047 | 65,230 | 186,343 | ||||||||||||
Net investment income | 178,351 | |||||||||||||||
Net realized investment losses | (24,488 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Interest expense | (23,056 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Foreign exchange gain | 491 | |||||||||||||||
Income before income taxes | $ | 317,641 | ||||||||||||||
Loss and loss expense ratio | 61.4 | % | 64.7 | % | 56.6 | % | 60.8 | % | ||||||||
Acquisition cost ratio | (1.9 | )% | 5.9 | % | 22.0 | % | 11.5 | % | ||||||||
General and administrative expense ratio | 12.9 | % | 8.9 | % | 4.7 | % | 7.7 | % | ||||||||
Combined ratio | 72.4 | % | 79.5 | % | 83.3 | % | 80.0 | % | ||||||||
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2005 | Property | Casualty | Reinsurance | Total | ||||||||||||
Gross premiums written | $ | 316,459 | $ | 478,511 | $ | 481,963 | $ | 1,276,933 | ||||||||
Net premiums written | 123,276 | 423,852 | 461,252 | 1,008,380 | ||||||||||||
Net premiums earned | 178,552 | 447,849 | 343,078 | 969,479 | ||||||||||||
Net losses and loss expenses | (345,339 | ) | (322,608 | ) | (387,984 | ) | (1,055,931 | ) | ||||||||
Acquisition costs | (7,720 | ) | (24,876 | ) | (77,227 | ) | (109,823 | ) | ||||||||
General and administrative expenses | (14,194 | ) | (30,675 | ) | (21,807 | ) | (66,676 | ) | ||||||||
Underwriting (loss) income | (188,701 | ) | 69,690 | (143,940 | ) | (262,951 | ) | |||||||||
Net investment income | 127,737 | |||||||||||||||
Net realized investment losses | (4,937 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Interest expense | (9,783 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Foreign exchange loss | (486 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Loss before income taxes | $ | (150,420 | ) | |||||||||||||
Loss and loss expense ratio | 193.4 | % | 72.0 | % | 113.1 | % | 108.9 | % | ||||||||
Acquisition cost ratio | 4.3 | % | 5.6 | % | 22.5 | % | 11.3 | % | ||||||||
General and administrative expense ratio | 8.0 | % | 6.8 | % | 6.4 | % | 6.9 | % | ||||||||
Combined ratio | 205.7 | % | 84.4 | % | 142.0 | % | 127.1 | % | ||||||||
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ALLIED WORLD ASSURANCE COMPANY HOLDINGS, LTD
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Expressed in thousands of United States dollars, except share and per share amounts)
11. SEGMENT INFORMATION (cont’d)
The following table shows an analysis of the Company’s net premiums written by geographic location of the Company’s subsidiaries for the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005. All inter-company premiums have been eliminated.
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2006 | 2005 | 2006 | 2005 | |||||||||||||
Bermuda | $ | 217,657 | $ | 189,300 | $ | 841,782 | $ | 778,740 | ||||||||
United States | 41,341 | 30,431 | 112,981 | 99,848 | ||||||||||||
Europe | 39,018 | 29,989 | 141,094 | 129,792 | ||||||||||||
Total net premium written | $ | 298,016 | $ | 249,720 | $ | 1,095,857 | $ | 1,008,380 | ||||||||
12. | SUBSEQUENT EVENT |
On November 8, 2006, the Company declared a quarterly dividend of $0.15 per common share payable on December 21, 2006 to the shareholders of record on December 5, 2006.
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Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. |
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in thisForm 10-Q. Some of the information contained in this discussion and analysis or included elsewhere in thisForm 10-Q, including information with respect to our plans and strategy for our business, includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Please see the “Note on Forward-Looking Statements‘ for more information. You should review the risk factors included in our most recent documents on file with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). References in thisForm 10-Q to the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” “our company,” “the company” or other similar terms mean the consolidated operations of Allied World Assurance Company Holdings, Ltd and its subsidiaries, unless the context requires otherwise. References in thisForm 10-Q to the term “Holdings” means Allied World Assurance Company Holdings, Ltd only.
Overview
Our Business
We write a diversified portfolio of property and casualty insurance and reinsurance lines of business internationally through our insurance subsidiaries or branches based in Bermuda, the United States, Ireland and the United Kingdom. We manage our business through three operating segments: property, casualty and reinsurance. As of September 30, 2006, we had $8,012.9 million of total assets, $2,094.9 million of shareholders’ equity and $2,593.4 million of total capital.
During 2006, market conditions for property lines of business improved substantially as a result of the windstorms that occurred during 2004 and 2005. We have taken advantage of selected opportunities and, as such, our property segment grew to 27.2% of our business mix on a gross premiums written basis for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 compared to 24.8% for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. We are beginning to see modest declines in casualty insurance pricing but are taking advantage of opportunities where pricing, terms and conditions still meet our targets. Our casualty and reinsurance segments made up 34.4% and 38.4%, respectively, of gross premiums written for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 compared to 37.5% and 37.7%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2005.
During July 2006, we completed an initial public offering of 10,120,000 common shares at $34.00 per share for total net proceeds of approximately $315.8 million, including the underwriters’ over-allotment option. We also issued $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of senior notes bearing 7.50% annual interest and repaid our $500.0 million term loan using proceeds from the issuance of the senior notes and our IPO, including the exercise in full by the underwriters of their over-allotment option.
Relevant Factors
Revenues
We derive our revenues primarily from premiums on our insurance policies and reinsurance contracts, net of any reinsurance or retrocessional coverage purchased. Insurance and reinsurance premiums are a function of the amounts and types of policies and contracts we write, as well as prevailing market prices. Our prices are determined before our ultimate costs, which may extend far into the future, are known. In addition, our revenues include income generated from our investment portfolio, consisting of net investment income and net realized gains or losses. Our investment portfolio is currently comprised primarily of fixed maturity investments, the income from which is a function of the amount of invested assets and relevant interest rates.
Expenses
Our expenses consist largely of net losses and loss expenses, acquisition costs and general and administrative expenses. Net losses and loss expenses are comprised of paid losses and reserves for losses less
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recoveries from reinsurers. Losses and loss expense reserves are estimated by management and reflect our best estimate of ultimate losses and costs arising during the reporting period and revisions of prior period estimates. In accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, we reserve for catastrophic losses as soon as the loss event is known to have occurred. Acquisition costs consist principally of commissions and brokerage fees that are typically a percentage of the premiums on insurance policies or reinsurance contracts written, net of any commissions received by us on risks ceded to reinsurers. General and administrative expenses include personnel expenses, professional fees, rent and other general operating expenses. General and administrative expenses also include fees paid to subsidiaries of AIG in return for the provision of certain administrative services. Prior to January 1, 2006, these fees were based on a percentage of our gross premiums written. Effective January 1, 2006, our administrative services agreements with AIG subsidiaries were amended and now contain both cost-plus and flat-fee arrangements for a more limited range of services. The services no longer included within the agreements are now provided through additional staff and infrastructure of the company. As a result of our IPO, we are experiencing increases in general and administrative expenses as we add personnel and become subject to reporting regulations applicable to publicly-held companies. We expect this to continue in 2007.
Critical Accounting Policies
It is important to understand our accounting policies in order to understand our financial position and results of operations. Our consolidated financial statements reflect determinations that are inherently subjective in nature and require management to make assumptions and best estimates to determine the reported values. If events or other factors cause actual results to differ materially from management’s underlying assumptions or estimates, there could be a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations. The following are the accounting policies that, in management’s judgment, are critical due to the judgments, assumptions and uncertainties underlying the application of those policies and the potential for results to differ from management’s assumptions.
Reserve for Losses and Loss Expenses
The reserve for losses and loss expenses is comprised of two main elements: outstanding loss reserves, also known as “case reserves,” and reserves for losses incurred but not reported, also known as “IBNR”. Outstanding loss reserves relate to known claims and represent management’s best estimate of the likely loss settlement. Thus, there is a significant amount of estimation involved in determining the likely loss payment. IBNR reserves require substantial judgment because they relate to unreported events that, based on industry information, management’s experience and actuarial evaluation, can reasonably be expected to have occurred and are reasonably likely to result in a loss to our company.
Reserves for losses and loss expenses as of September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005 were comprised of the following:
September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
2006 | 2005 | |||||||
($ in millions) | ||||||||
Case reserves | $ | 892.5 | $ | 921.2 | ||||
IBNR | 2,694.5 | 2,484.2 | ||||||
Reserve for losses and loss expenses | 3,587.0 | 3,405.4 | ||||||
Reinsurance recoverables | (688.1 | ) | (716.3 | ) | ||||
Net reserve for losses and loss expenses | $ | 2,898.9 | $ | 2,689.1 | ||||
IBNR reserves are estimated for each business segment based on various factors, including underwriters’ expectations about loss experience, actuarial analysis, comparisons with industry benchmarks and loss experience to date. Our actuaries employ generally accepted actuarial methodologies to determine estimated ultimate expected losses and loss expenses. The IBNR reserve is calculated by reducing these estimated ultimate losses and loss expenses by the cumulative paid amount of losses and loss expenses and the current
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carried outstanding loss reserves for losses and loss expenses. The adequacy of our reserves is re-evaluated quarterly by our actuaries. At the completion of each quarterly review of the reserves, a reserve analysis and memorandum are written and reviewed with our loss reserve committee. This committee determines management’s best estimate for loss and loss expense reserves based upon the reserve analysis and memorandum. A loss reserve study is prepared by an independent actuary annually in order to provide additional insight into the reasonableness of our reserves for losses and loss expenses.
Estimating reserves for our property segment relies primarily on traditional loss reserving methodologies, utilizing selected paid and reported loss development factors. In property lines of business, claims are generally reported and paid within a relatively short period of time (“shorter tail lines”) during and following the policy coverage period. This enables us to determine with greater certainty our estimate of ultimate losses and loss expenses.
Our casualty segment includes general liability risks, healthcare and professional liability risks, such as directors and officers and errors and omissions risks. Our average attachment points for these lines are high, making reserving for these lines of business more difficult. Claims may be reported several years after the coverage period has terminated (“longer tail lines”). We establish a case reserve when sufficient information is gathered to make a reasonable estimate of the liability, which often requires a significant amount of information and time. Due to the lengthy reporting pattern of these casualty lines, reliance is placed on industry benchmarks of expected loss ratios and reporting patterns in addition to our own experience.
Our reinsurance segment is a composition of shorter tail lines similar to our property segment and longer tail lines similar to our casualty segment. Our reinsurance treaties are reviewed individually, based upon individual characteristics and loss experience emergence.
Loss reserves on assumed reinsurance have unique features that make them more difficult to estimate. Reinsurers have to rely upon the cedents and reinsurance intermediaries to report losses in a timely fashion. Reinsurers must rely upon cedents to price the underlying business appropriately. Reinsurers have less predictable loss emergence patterns than direct insurers, particularly when writing excess of loss treaties.
For excess of loss treaties, cedents generally are required to report losses that either exceed 50% of the retention, have a reasonable probability of exceeding the retention or meet serious injury reporting criteria in a timely fashion. All reinsurance claims that are reserved are reviewed at least every six months. For proportional treaties, cedents are required to give a periodic statement of account, generally monthly or quarterly. These periodic statements typically include information regarding written premiums, earned premiums, unearned premiums, ceding commissions, brokerage amounts, applicable taxes, paid losses and outstanding losses. They can be submitted 60 to 90 days after the close of the reporting period. Some proportional treaties have specific language regarding earlier notice of serious claims. Generally our reinsurance treaties contain an arbitration clause to resolve disputes. Since our inception, there has been only one dispute, which was resolved through arbitration. Currently there are no material disputes outstanding.
Reinsurance generally has a greater time lag than direct insurance in the reporting of claims. There is the lag caused by the claim first being reported to the cedent, then the intermediary (such as a broker) and finally the reinsurer. This lag can be three to six months. There is also a lag because the insurer may not be required to report claims to the reinsurer until certain reporting criteria are met. In some instances this could be several years, while a claim is being litigated. We use reporting factors from the Reinsurance Association of America to adjust for this time lag. We also use historical treaty-specific reporting factors when applicable. Loss and premium information are entered into our reinsurance system by our claims department and our accounting department on a timely basis.
We record the individual case reserves sent to us by the cedents through the reinsurance intermediaries. Individual claims are reviewed by our reinsurance claims department and adjusted as deemed appropriate. The loss data received from the intermediaries is checked for reasonability and also for known events. The loss listings are reviewed when performing regular claim audits.
The expected loss ratios that we assign to each treaty are based upon analysis and modeling performed by a team of actuaries. The historical data reviewed by the team of pricing actuaries is considered in setting the
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reserves for all treaty years with each cedent. The historical data in the submissions is matched against our carried reserves for our historical treaty years.
Loss reserves do not represent an exact calculation of liability. Rather, loss reserves are estimates of what we expect the ultimate resolution and administration of claims will cost. These estimates are based on actuarial and statistical projections and on our assessment of currently available data, as well as estimates of future trends in claims severity and frequency, judicial theories of liability and other factors. Loss reserve estimates are refined as experience develops and as claims are reported and resolved. In addition, the relatively long periods between when a loss occurs and when it may be reported to our claims department for our casualty lines of business also increase the uncertainties of our reserve estimates in such lines.
The following tables provide our ranges of loss and loss expense reserve estimates by business segment as of September 30, 2006:
Reserve for Losses and Loss Expenses | ||||||||||||
Gross of Reinsurance Recoverable | ||||||||||||
Carried Reserves | Low Estimate | High Estimate | ||||||||||
($ in millions) | ||||||||||||
Property | $ | 933.4 | $ | 756.5 | $ | 1,069.0 | ||||||
Casualty | 1,801.0 | 1,321.0 | 2,062.4 | |||||||||
Reinsurance | 852.6 | 584.8 | 971.1 | |||||||||
Consolidated reserves and estimates(1) | $ | 3,587.0 | $ | 2,873.2 | $ | 3,891.6 | ||||||
Reserve for Losses and Loss Expenses | ||||||||||||
Net of Reinsurance Recoverable | ||||||||||||
Carried Reserves | Low Estimate | High Estimate | ||||||||||
($ in millions) | ||||||||||||
Property | $ | 459.4 | $ | 341.2 | $ | 514.1 | ||||||
Casualty | 1,632.8 | 1,188.0 | 1,875.9 | |||||||||
Reinsurance | 806.7 | 546.8 | 931.7 | |||||||||
Consolidated reserves and estimates(1) | $ | 2,898.9 | $ | 2,258.4 | $ | 3,139.2 | ||||||
(1) | For statistical reasons, it is not appropriate to add together the ranges of each business segment in an effort to determine the low and high range around the consolidated loss reserves. |
Our range for each business segment was determined by utilizing multiple actuarial loss reserving methods along with varying assumptions of reporting patterns and expected loss ratios by loss year. In addition, for Hurricanes Katrina, Rita and Wilma, we have reviewed our insured risks in the exposed areas and the potential losses to each risk. These hurricanes have caused us to have relatively wide ranges for the property lines reflecting the uncertainty of the ultimate losses from these storms. The various outcomes of these techniques were combined to determine a reasonable range of required loss and loss expense reserves.
We utilize a variety of standard actuarial methods in our analysis. The selections from these various methods are based on the loss development characteristics of the specific line of business. For lines of business with extremely long reporting periods such as casualty reinsurance, we may rely more on an expected loss ratio method (as described below) until losses begin to develop. The actuarial methods we utilize include:
Paid Loss Development Method. We estimate ultimate losses by calculating past paid loss development factors and applying them to exposure periods with further expected paid loss development. The paid loss development method assumes that losses are paid at a consistent rate. It provides an objective test of reported loss projections because paid losses contain no reserve estimates. In some circumstances, paid losses for recent periods may be too varied for accurate predictions. For many coverages, claim payments are made very slowly and it may take years for claims to be fully reported and settled. These payments may be unreliable for determining future loss projections because of shifts in settlement patterns or because of large settlements in the early stages of development. Choosing an appropriate “tail factor” to determine the amount of payments
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from the latest development period to the ultimate development period may also require considerable judgment, especially for coverages that have long payment patterns. As we have limited payment history, we have had to supplement our loss development patterns with other methods.
Reported Loss Development Method. We estimate ultimate losses by calculating past reported loss development factors and applying them to exposure periods with further expected reported loss development. Since reported losses include payments and case reserves, changes in both of these amounts are incorporated in this method. This approach provides a larger volume of data to estimate ultimate losses than the paid loss development method. Thus, reported loss patterns may be less varied than paid loss patterns, especially for coverages that have historically been paid out over a long period of time but for which claims are reported relatively early and case loss reserve estimates established. This method assumes that reserves have been established using consistent practices over the historical period that is reviewed. Changes in claims handling procedures, large claims or significant numbers of claims of an unusual nature may cause results to be too varied for accurate forecasting. Also, choosing an appropriate “tail factor” to determine the change in reported loss from that latest development period to the ultimate development period may require considerable judgment. As we have limited reported history, we have had to supplement our loss development patterns with appropriate benchmarks.
Expected Loss Ratio Method. To estimate ultimate losses under the expected loss ratio method, we multiply earned premiums by an expected loss ratio. The expected loss ratio is selected utilizing industry data, historical company data and professional judgment. This method is particularly useful for new insurance companies or new lines of business where there are no historical losses or where past loss experience is not credible.
Bornhuetter-Ferguson Paid Loss Method. The Bornhuetter-Ferguson paid loss method is a combination of the paid loss development method and the expected loss ratio method. The amount of losses yet to be paid is based upon the expected loss ratios. These expected loss ratios are modified to the extent paid losses to date differ from what would have been expected to have been paid based upon the selected paid loss development pattern. This method avoids some of the distortions that could result from a large development factor being applied to a small base of paid losses to calculate ultimate losses. This method will react slowly if actual loss ratios develop differently because of major changes in rate levels, retentions or deductibles, the forms and conditions of reinsurance coverage, the types of risks covered or a variety of other changes.
Bornhuetter-Ferguson Reported Loss Method. The Bornhuetter-Ferguson reported loss method is similar to the Bornhuetter-Ferguson paid loss method with the exception that it uses reported losses and reported loss development factors.
Our selection of the actual carried reserves has typically been above the midpoint of the range. We believe that we should be conservative in our reserving practices due to the lengthy reporting patterns and relatively large limits of net liability for any one risk of our direct excess casualty business and of our casualty reinsurance business. Thus, due to this uncertainty regarding estimates for reserve for losses and loss expenses, we have historically carried our reserve for losses and loss expenses 4% to 11% above the mid-point of the low and high estimates. A provision for uncertainty is embedded in our reserves through our selection of the high estimate for long-tail lines of business. We believe that relying on the most conservative actuarial indications for these lines of business is prudent for a relatively new company.
The key assumptions used to arrive at our best estimate of loss reserves are the expected loss ratios, rate of loss cost inflation, selection of benchmarks and reported and paid loss emergence patterns. Our reporting patterns and expected loss ratios were based on either benchmarks for longer-tail business or historical reporting patterns for shorter-tail business. The benchmarks selected were those that we believe are most similar to our underwriting business.
The key assumptions that have changed historically are the expected loss ratios. Our expected loss ratios for property lines change from year to year. As our losses from property lines are reported relatively quickly, we select our expected loss ratios for the most recent years based upon our actual loss ratios for our older years adjusted for rate changes, inflation, cost of reinsurance and average storm activity. For the property lines,
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we initially used benchmarks for reported and paid loss emergence patterns. As we mature as a company, we have begun supplementing those benchmark patterns with our actual patterns as appropriate. For the casualty lines, we continue to use benchmark patterns, though we update the benchmark patterns as additional information is published regarding the benchmark data.
The selection of the expected loss ratios for the casualty lines of business is our most significant assumption. If our final casualty insurance and casualty reinsurance loss ratios vary by ten percentage points from the expected loss ratios in aggregate, our required net reserves after reinsurance recoverable would need to change by approximately $321 million. As we commonly write net lines of casualty insurance exceeding $25 million, we expect that ultimate loss ratios could vary substantially from our initial loss ratios. Because we expect a small volume of large claims, we believe the variance of our loss ratio selection could be relatively wide. Thus, a ten percentage point change in loss ratios is reasonably likely to occur. This would result in either an increase or decrease to net income and shareholders’ equity of approximately $321 million. As of September 30, 2006, this represented approximately 15% of shareholders’ equity. In terms of liquidity, our contractual obligations for reserve for losses and loss expenses would decrease or increase by $321 million after reinsurance recoverable. If our obligations were to increase by $321 million, we believe we currently have sufficient cash and investments to meet those obligations.
While management believes that our case reserves and IBNR reserves are sufficient to cover losses assumed by us, ultimate losses and loss expenses may deviate from our reserves, possibly by material amounts. It is possible that our estimates of the 2005 hurricane losses may be adjusted as we receive new information from clients, loss adjusters or ceding companies. To the extent actual reported losses exceed estimated losses, the carried estimate of the ultimate losses will be increased (i.e., negative reserve development), and to the extent actual reported losses are less than our expectations, the carried estimate of ultimate losses will be reduced (i.e., positive reserve development). In addition, the methodology of estimating loss reserves is periodically reviewed to ensure that the assumptions made continue to be appropriate. We record any changes in our loss reserve estimates and the related reinsurance recoverables in the periods in which they are determined regardless of the accident year (i.e., the year in which a loss occurs).
Reinsurance Recoverable
We determine what portion of the losses will be recoverable under our reinsurance policies by reference to the terms of the reinsurance protection purchased. This determination is necessarily based on the underlying loss estimates and, accordingly, is subject to the same uncertainties as the estimate of case reserves and IBNR reserves. We remain liable to the extent that our reinsurers do not meet their obligations under the reinsurance agreements, and we therefore regularly evaluate the financial condition of our reinsurers and monitor concentration of credit risk. No provision has been made for unrecoverable reinsurance as of September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, as we believe that all reinsurance balances will be recovered.
Premiums and Acquisition Costs
Premiums are recognized as written on the inception date of a policy. For proportional types of reinsurance written by us, premiums may not be known with certainty at the policy inception date. In the case of proportional treaties assumed by us, the underwriter makes an estimate of premiums at inception. The underwriter’s estimate is based on statistical data provided by reinsureds and the underwriter’s judgment and experience. Those estimates are refined over the reporting period of each treaty as actual written premium information is reported by ceding companies and intermediaries. Management reviews estimated premiums at least quarterly, and any adjustments are recorded in the period in which they become known. As of September 30, 2006, our changes in premium estimates have been upward adjustments ranging from approximately 11% for the 2004 treaty year to 20% for the 2002 treaty year. Applying this range, hypothetically, to our 2005 proportional treaties, our gross premiums written in the reinsurance segment could increase by approximately $20 million to $39 million over the next three years. As of September 30, 2006, gross premiums written for 2005 proportional treaties have been adjusted upward by approximately 16%. Total premiums estimated on proportional contracts for the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 represented approximately 17% and 14%, respectively, of total gross premiums written. Total premiums
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estimated on proportional contracts for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 represented approximately 18% and 17%, respectively, of total gross premiums written.
Other insurance and reinsurance policies can require that the premium be adjusted at the expiry of a policy to reflect the risk assumed by us. Premiums resulting from those adjustments are estimated and accrued based on available information.
Premiums are earned over the period of policy coverage in proportion to the risks to which they relate. Premiums relating to unexpired periods of coverage are carried on the balance sheet as unearned premiums.
Acquisition costs, comprised of commissions, brokerage fees and insurance taxes, are incurred in the acquisition of new and renewal business and are expensed as the premiums to which they relate are earned. Acquisition costs relating to the reserve for unearned premiums are deferred and carried on the balance sheet as an asset. Anticipated losses and loss expenses, other costs and investment income related to these unearned premiums are considered in determining the recoverability or deficiency of deferred acquisition costs. If it is determined that deferred acquisition costs are not recoverable, they are expensed. Further analysis is performed to determine if a liability is required to provide for losses, which may exceed the related unearned premiums.
Stock Compensation
In 2001, we implemented the Allied World Assurance Holdings, Ltd 2001 Employee Warrant Plan. After our special general meeting of shareholders on June 9, 2006 and our IPO, we amended and restated the 2001 employee warrant plan and renamed it the Allied World Assurance Company Holdings, Ltd Amended and Restated 2001 Employee Stock Option Plan (the “Plan”). Under the Plan, up to 2,000,000 common shares may be issued. Among other things, the amendment and restatement extends the term of the Plan from November 21, 2011 to a date that is ten years from the date of approval of the amendment and restatement and requires that any repricing of awards under the Plan be approved by our shareholders. It also provides the compensation committee of our board of directors additional flexibility with respect to awards in certain corporate events and in connection with compliance with Section 409A of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“Section 409A”). The warrants that were granted under the Plan prior to the amendment and restatement remain outstanding, were converted to options as part of our IPO, are exercisable in certain limited conditions, expire after ten years and generally vest ratably over four years from the date of grant.
In 2004, we implemented the Allied World Assurance Holdings, Ltd 2004 Stock Incentive Plan, under which up to 1,000,000 common shares could be issued. After our special general meeting of shareholders on June 9, 2006 and our IPO, we amended and restated the 2004 stock incentive plan and renamed it the Allied World Assurance Company Holdings, Ltd Amended and Restated 2004 Stock Incentive Plan (the “Stock Incentive Plan”). Among other things, the amendment and restatement increases to 2,000,000 the number of common shares available for issuance under the Stock Incentive Plan and provides the compensation committee of our board of directors additional flexibility with respect to awards in certain corporate events and in connection with compliance with Section 409A. Awards under the Stock Incentive Plan prior to amendment and restatement remain outstanding and generally vest either four years from the date of grant or ratably over four years from the date of grant.
Prior to our IPO, valuations under each of the above plans was based on our book value per share, which approximated fair value. We calculated expenses related to grants of warrants (later converted to options) by subtracting from our book value as at the end of each applicable period (either quarter end or year end) the exercise price of the individual warrants at the date of grant. The compensation expense for the restricted stock units (“RSUs”) was based on our book value per share, which approximated fair value, and was recognized over the four-year vesting period.
Subsequent to our IPO, for those warrants issued prior to and converting to options as part of our IPO, the exercise price and the vesting period of each option granted under the Plan will remain the same as under the former plan. However, for valuation purposes, the new grant date is July 11, 2006. In accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s issuance of the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123(R) “Share Based Payment”, the fair value of these options was revalued as of this new grant date and will be
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expensed over the remaining vesting period. During the three months ended June 30, 2006, we incurred a one-time expense of approximately $2.6 million to recognize the increase in our fair value as a publicly-traded company. For those warrants that were fully vested at the time of conversion to options, the full amount of the fair value of the options was recognized as an expense. Any future options granted under the Plan will be valued on the date of grant and expensed over the vesting period.
The RSUs issued prior to our IPO will remain essentially unchanged due to the amendment and restatement. The vesting period of these RSUs will remain the same. However, the fair value of the RSUs was reassessed and converted to the fair market value of our common shares as of our IPO. The total expenses to date under the Stock Incentive Plan were adjusted to the revised fair value. As such, a one-time expense of approximately $0.2 million was incurred during the three months ended June 30, 2006. In the future, newly issued RSUs will be valued as of the grant date based on the average market value of the common shares on the grant date. The total expense will be recognized over the vesting period on a straight-line basis.
On May 22, 2006, we implemented the Allied World Assurance Company Holdings, Ltd Long-Term Incentive Plan (“LTIP”), which provides for performance based equity awards to our key employees in order to promote our long-term growth and profitability. Each award represents the right to receive a number of our common shares in the future, based upon the achievement of established performance criteria during the applicable three-year performance period. A total of 2,000,000 of our common shares may be issued under the LTIP. To date, 228,334 of these performance based equity awards have been granted, which will vest after the fiscal year ending December 31, 2008 in accordance with the terms and performance conditions of the LTIP.
Similar to the RSUs under the Stock Incentive Plan, the compensation expense for the LTIP will be based on the fair market value of our common shares. Any newly granted awards under the LTIP will be valued as of the grant date based on the average market value of the common shares on the grant date. The total expense will be recognized over the performance period on a straight-line basis.
In calculating the expense related to the LTIP, it is estimated that the maximum performance goals as set by the LTIP are likely to be achieved over the performance period. The performance period for the LTIP awards issued to date is defined as the three consecutive fiscal year period beginning January 1, 2006. As such, expenses of $2.9 million were recognized in the financial statements for the nine months ended September 30, 2006.
Other-than-Temporary Impairment of Investments
We regularly evaluate the carrying value of our investments to determine if a decline in value is considered to be other than temporary. This review involves consideration of several factors including: (i) the significance of the decline in value and the resulting unrealized loss position; (ii) the time period for which there has been a significant decline in value; (iii) an analysis of the issuer of the investment, including its liquidity, business prospects and overall financial position; and (iv) our intent and ability to hold the investment for a sufficient period of time for the value to recover. If the decline in value is determined to be other than temporary, we record a realized loss in the statement of operations in the period that it is determined.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, we identified fixed maturity securities which were considered to beother-than-temporarily-impaired as a result of changes in interest rates. Consequently, the cost of these securities was written down to fair value and we recognized a realized loss of approximately $8.4 million and $13.3 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, respectively.
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Results of Operations
The following table sets forth our selected consolidated statement of operations data for each of the periods indicated.
Three Months | Nine Months | |||||||||||||||
Ended September 30, | Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2006 | 2005 | 2006 | 2005 | |||||||||||||
($ in millions) | ||||||||||||||||
Gross premiums written | $ | 362.5 | $ | 329.9 | $ | 1,378.9 | $ | 1,276.9 | ||||||||
Net premiums written | $ | 298.0 | $ | 249.7 | $ | 1,095.9 | $ | 1,008.4 | ||||||||
Net premiums earned | 317.8 | 313.3 | 932.2 | 969.5 | ||||||||||||
Net investment income | 61.4 | 47.6 | 178.4 | 127.7 | ||||||||||||
Net realized investment (losses) gains | (9.1 | ) | 4.1 | (24.5 | ) | (4.9 | ) | |||||||||
Total revenues | $ | 370.1 | $ | 365.0 | $ | 1,086.1 | $ | 1,092.3 | ||||||||
Net losses and loss expenses | $ | 180.9 | $ | 593.3 | $ | 566.7 | $ | 1,055.9 | ||||||||
Acquisition costs | 37.8 | 35.9 | 106.9 | 109.8 | ||||||||||||
General and administrative expenses | 25.7 | 20.8 | 72.2 | 66.7 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense | 9.5 | 5.1 | 23.1 | 9.8 | ||||||||||||
Foreign exchange (gain) loss | (0.6 | ) | (0.1 | ) | (0.5 | ) | 0.5 | |||||||||
Total expenses | $ | 253.3 | $ | 655.0 | $ | 768.4 | $ | 1,242.7 | ||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes | $ | 116.8 | $ | (290.0 | ) | $ | 317.7 | $ | (150.4 | ) | ||||||
Income tax expense (recovery) | 2.8 | (6.6 | ) | 3.2 | (2.9 | ) | ||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 114.0 | $ | (283.4 | ) | $ | 314.5 | $ | (147.5 | ) | ||||||
Ratios | ||||||||||||||||
Loss and loss expense ratio | 56.9 | % | 189.4 | % | 60.8 | % | 108.9 | % | ||||||||
Acquisition cost ratio | 11.9 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.3 | ||||||||||||
General and administrative expense ratio | 8.1 | 6.6 | 7.7 | 6.9 | ||||||||||||
Expense ratio | 20.0 | 18.1 | 19.2 | 18.2 | ||||||||||||
Combined ratio | 76.9 | 207.5 | 80.0 | 127.1 |
Comparison of Three Months Ended September 30, 2006 and 2005
Premiums
Gross premiums written increased by $32.6 million, or 9.9%, for the three months ended September 30, 2006 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2005. The increase was primarily the result of two factors:
• | The amount of business written by our U.S. underwriters increased. We expanded our U.S. distribution platform during the second half of 2005 and our offices have been fully operational during 2006. Gross premiums written by our underwriters in our U.S. offices were $48.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006, compared to $28.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005; and | |
• | Gross premiums written in our reinsurance segment increased by approximately $38.2 million, as a result of new business, which included three industry loss warranty (“ILW”) contracts, and changes in treaty renewal dates. |
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Partially offsetting these increases were the following:
• | Gross premiums written by our casualty underwriters in Bermuda declined, primarily as the result of some non-recurring business recognized in the prior year, as well as a slight decrease in market rates. Increased competition in the casualty market may cause continued pricing pressure in future quarters. | |
• | During the three months ended September 30, 2005, approximately $17.5 million in non-recurring reinstatement premiums were due to us following the 2005 windstorms. | |
• | General property gross premiums written in our Bermuda office declined from the prior period as we managed accumulated catastrophe exposure limits. | |
• | We did not renew certain onshore energy-related business that no longer met our underwriting requirements. |
The table below illustrates our gross premiums written by geographic location. Gross premiums written by our U.S. operating subsidiaries increased by 58.3% as our U.S. distribution platform became fully operational. European gross premiums written increased primarily as a result of new business.
Three Months | ||||||||||||||||
Ended September 30, | Dollar | Percentage | ||||||||||||||
2006 | 2005 | Change | Change | |||||||||||||
($ in millions) | ||||||||||||||||
Bermuda | $ | 248.9 | $ | 249.0 | $ | (0.1 | ) | — | % | |||||||
Europe | 62.0 | 48.3 | 13.7 | 28.4 | ||||||||||||
United States | 51.6 | 32.6 | 19.0 | 58.3 | ||||||||||||
$ | 362.5 | $ | 329.9 | $ | 32.6 | 9.9 | % | |||||||||
Net premiums written increased by $48.3 million, or 19.3%, for the three months ended September 30, 2006 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2005, a higher percentage increase than that of gross premiums written. The difference between gross and net premiums written is the cost to us of purchasing reinsurance, both on a proportional and a non-proportional basis, including the cost of property catastrophe reinsurance coverage. We ceded 17.8% of gross premiums written for the three months ended September 30, 2006 compared to 24.3% for the same period in 2005. The reduction in the percentage of business ceded relates primarily to our property catastrophe reinsurance protection. Although we typically obtain annual coverage under this program in May, during the three months ended September 30, 2005 we incurred costs of approximately $20.5 million to reinstate our coverage following Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. As we were not exposed to any significant catastrophes in the three months ended September 30, 2006, no such reinstatement premiums were incurred. Also contributing to the increase in net premiums written was a decline in the portion of business ceded on our energy treaty; the cession percentage decreased from 66% to 58.5% when the treaty renewed on June 1, 2006.
Net premiums earned increased by $4.5 million, or 1.4%, for the three months ended September 30, 2006. The percentage increase was lower than that of net premiums written due to a decrease in gross premiums written in 2005. This decrease resulted primarily from the cancellation of the surplus lines program administrator agreements and a reinsurance agreement with subsidiaries of AIG.
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We evaluate our business by segment, distinguishing between property insurance, casualty insurance and reinsurance. The following chart illustrates the mix of our business on a gross premiums written basis and net premiums earned basis.
Gross | Net | |||||||||||||||
Premiums | Premiums | |||||||||||||||
Written | Earned | |||||||||||||||
Three Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
2006 | 2005 | 2006 | 2005 | |||||||||||||
Property | 24.3 | % | 25.8 | % | 14.7 | % | 12.8 | % | ||||||||
Casualty | 39.9 | 46.4 | 42.5 | 46.8 | ||||||||||||
Reinsurance | 35.8 | 27.8 | 42.8 | 40.4 |
The increase in the percentage of reinsurance gross premiums written primarily reflects new business written and changes in treaty renewal dates. On a net premiums earned basis, the percentage of reinsurance has increased for the three months ended September 30, 2006 compared to the same period in 2005 due to the continued earning of increased premiums written over the past two years. The percentage of property net premiums earned was considerably less than for gross premiums written because we cede a larger portion of our property business compared to casualty and reinsurance.
Net Investment Income and Realized Gains/Losses
Our primary investment objective is the preservation of capital. A secondary objective is obtaining returns commensurate with a benchmark, primarily defined as 35% of the Lehman U.S. Government Intermediate Index, 40% of the Lehman Corp. 1-5 year A3/A- or Higher Index and 25% of the Lehman Securitized Index.
We adopted this benchmark effective January 1, 2006. Prior to this date, the benchmark was defined as 80% of a 1-5 year “AAA/ AA-” rated index (as determined by Standard & Poor’s and Moody’s Investors Service) and 20% of a 1-5 year “A” rated index (as determined by Standard & Poor’s and Moody’s Investors Service).
Investment income is principally derived from interest and dividends earned on investments, partially offset by investment management fees and fees paid to our custodian bank. Net investment income earned during the three months ended September 30, 2006 was $61.4 million, compared to $47.6 million during the three months ended September 30, 2005. The $13.8 million increase was primarily the result of an approximate 17.9% increase in average aggregate invested assets. Our aggregate invested assets grew with the receipt of net proceeds from our IPO, including the exercise in full by the underwriters of their over-allotment option, and the senior notes issuance, after repayment of our long-term debt, as well as increased operating cash flows. Offsetting this increase was a reduction in income from our hedge funds. In the three months ended September 30, 2005, we received distributions of approximately $5.3 million individends-in-kind from three of our hedge funds. For 2006 and thereafter, we elected not to receive dividends from these three hedge funds. Investment management fees of $1.3 million and $1.2 million were incurred during the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
The annualized period book yield of the investment portfolio for the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 was 4.4% and 3.7%, respectively. The increase in yield was primarily the result of increases in prevailing market interest rates over the past year. We continue to maintain a conservative investment posture. At September 30, 2006, approximately 99% of our fixed income investments (which included individually held securities and securities held in a high-yield bond fund) consisted of investment grade securities. The average credit rating of our fixed income portfolio was AA as rated by Standard & Poor’s and Aa1 as rated by Moody’s Investors Service, with an average duration of approximately 3.0 years as of September 30, 2006.
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The following table shows the components of net realized investment (losses) gains.
Three Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||
2006 | 2005 | |||||||
($ in millions) | ||||||||
Net loss on fixed income investments | $ | (9.1 | ) | $ | (2.8 | ) | ||
Net gain on interest rate swaps | — | 6.9 | ||||||
Net realized investment (losses) gains | $ | (9.1 | ) | $ | 4.1 | |||
The recognition of realized gains and losses is considered to be a typical consequence of ongoing investment management. A large proportion of our portfolio is invested in fixed income securities and, therefore, our unrealized gains and losses are correlated with fluctuations in interest rates. During the three months ended September 30, 2006, the net loss on fixed income investments included a write-down of approximately $8.4 million related to declines in the market value of securities in our available for sale portfolio which were considered to be other than temporary. The declines in market value on these securities were primarily due to changes in interest rates. During the three months ended September 30, 2005, no declines in the market value of investments were considered to be other than temporary.
We analyze gains or losses on sales of securities separately from gains or losses on interest rate swaps. On April 21, 2005, we entered into certain interest rate swaps in order to fix the interest cost of our $500.0 million floating rate term loan, which was repaid fully on July 26, 2006.
Net Losses and Loss Expenses
Net losses and loss expenses incurred comprise three main components:
• | losses paid, which are actual cash payments to insureds, net of recoveries from reinsurers; | |
• | outstanding loss or case reserves, which represent management’s best estimate of the likely settlement amount for known claims, less the portion that can be recovered from reinsurers; and | |
• | IBNR reserves, which are reserves established by us for claims that are not yet reported but can reasonably be expected to have occurred based on industry information, management’s experience and actuarial evaluation. The portion recoverable from reinsurers is deducted from the gross estimated loss. |
Net losses and loss expenses decreased by $412.4 million, or 69.5%, to $180.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006 from $593.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005. The primary reason for the reduction in these expenses was the absence of significant catastrophic events during the current period. The net losses and loss expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2005 included the following:
• | Approximately $370.8 million accrued in relation to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita, which occurred in August and September 2005, respectively; | |
• | Net unfavorable development of approximately $56.8 million related to the windstorms of 2004; and | |
• | Net favorable development related to prior years of approximately $94.8 million, which partially offset the windstorm losses recorded in the period. This net favorable development was primarily due to lower than expected loss emergence on 2003 and 2004 property insurance and reinsurance business and 2002 and 2003 casualty insurance business. |
In comparison, we were not exposed to any significant catastrophes during the three months ended September 30, 2006. In addition, net favorable development relating to prior years of approximately $38.7 million was recognized during the period, including approximately $4.6 million in anticipated recoveries under our property catastrophe reinsurance protection related to Hurricane Frances. The remainder of the net favorable development related primarily to 2002 and 2003 accident year business written in our casualty
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segment and 2004 and 2005 accident year business written in our property segment, resulting from continued low loss emergence during the period.
We have estimated our net losses from catastrophes based on actuarial analysis of claims information received to date, industry modeling and discussions with individual insureds and reinsureds. Accordingly, actual losses may vary from those estimated and will be adjusted in the period in which further information becomes available.
The loss and loss expense ratio for the three months ended September 30, 2006 was 56.9%, compared to 189.4% for the three months ended September 30, 2005. Net favorable development recognized in the three months ended September 30, 2006 reduced the loss and loss expense ratio by 12.2 percentage points. Thus, the loss and loss expense ratio related to the current period’s business was 69.1%. Comparatively, the net losses and loss expenses recognized in relation to the 2004 and 2005 windstorms, net of the favorable reserve development related to prior periods, increased the loss and loss expense ratio for the three months ended September 30, 2005 by 106.3 percentage points. Thus, the loss and loss expense ratio related to that period’s business was 83.1%. The lower ratio in 2006 was a function of two factors:
• | Higher loss and loss expense ratios for our property lines in 2005, which reflected the impact of rate decreases and increases in reported loss activity; and | |
• | Costs incurred in relation to our property catastrophe reinsurance protection were approximately $13.9 million greater in the three months ended September 30, 2005 than for the same period in 2006, primarily due to charges incurred to reinstate our coverage after Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. The higher charge in 2005 resulted in lower net premiums earned and, thus, increased the loss and loss expense ratio. |
The following table shows the components of the decrease in net losses and loss expenses of $412.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006 from the three months ended September 30, 2005.
Three Months Ended September 30, | Dollar | |||||||||||
2006 | 2005 | Change | ||||||||||
($ in millions) | ||||||||||||
Net losses paid | $ | 100.1 | $ | 85.9 | $ | 14.2 | ||||||
Net change in reported case reserves | (41.0 | ) | 112.3 | (153.3 | ) | |||||||
Net change in IBNR | 121.8 | 395.1 | (273.3 | ) | ||||||||
Net losses and loss expenses | $ | 180.9 | $ | 593.3 | $ | (412.4 | ) | |||||
Net losses paid have increased $14.2 million, or 16.5%, to $100.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006 primarily due to claim payments relating to the 2004 and 2005 windstorms. During the three months ended September 30, 2006, approximately $44.8 million of net losses were paid in relation to the 2004 and 2005 catastrophic windstorms compared to approximately $36.4 million during the three months ended September 30, 2005. During the three months ended September 30, 2006, we recovered approximately $11.6 million on our property catastrophe reinsurance protection in relation to losses paid as a result of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita.
The decrease in case reserves during the period ended September 30, 2006 was primarily due to the increase in net losses paid. The net change in reported case reserves for the three months ended September 30, 2006 included a $49.3 million net decrease relating to the 2004 and 2005 windstorms compared to a net $69.1 million increase in case reserves for the 2004 and 2005 windstorms during the three months ended September 30, 2005.
The net change in IBNR for the three months ended September 30, 2006 was lower than that for the three months ended September 30, 2005 primarily due to the absence of significant catastrophic activity during the current period.
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The table below is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending reserves for losses and loss expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005. Losses incurred and paid are reflected net of reinsurance recoverables.
Three Months | ||||||||
Ended September 30, | ||||||||
2006 | 2005 | |||||||
($ in millions) | ||||||||
Net reserves for losses and loss expenses, July 1 | $ | 2,818.3 | $ | 2,046.8 | ||||
Incurred related to: | ||||||||
Current period non-catastrophe | 219.6 | 260.5 | ||||||
Current period property catastrophe | — | 370.8 | ||||||
Prior period non-catastrophe | (34.1 | ) | (94.8 | ) | ||||
Prior period property catastrophe | (4.6 | ) | 56.8 | |||||
Total incurred | $ | 180.9 | $ | 593.3 | ||||
Paid related to: | ||||||||
Current period non-catastrophe | 4.9 | 14.1 | ||||||
Current period property catastrophe | — | 8.2 | ||||||
Prior period non-catastrophe | 50.4 | 35.4 | ||||||
Prior period property catastrophe | 44.8 | 28.2 | ||||||
Total paid | $ | 100.1 | $ | 85.9 | ||||
Foreign exchange revaluation | (0.2 | ) | (0.2 | ) | ||||
Net reserve for losses and loss expenses, September 30 | 2,898.9 | 2,554.0 | ||||||
Losses and loss expenses recoverable | 688.1 | 660.3 | ||||||
Reserve for losses and loss expenses, September 30 | $ | 3,587.0 | $ | 3,214.3 |
Acquisition Costs
Acquisition costs are comprised of commissions, brokerage fees and insurance taxes. Commissions and brokerage fees are usually calculated as a percentage of premiums and depend on the market and line of business. Acquisition costs are reported after (1) deducting commissions received on ceded reinsurance, (2) deducting the part of acquisition costs relating to unearned premiums and (3) including the amortization of previously deferred acquisition costs.
Acquisition costs were $37.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006 as compared to $35.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005. Acquisition costs as a percentage of net premiums earned were 11.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2006, compared to 11.5% for the same period in 2005. The slight increase in this rate is primarily due to reduced ceding commissions on our general property and energy treaties on the renewals at October 1, 2005 and June 1, 2006, respectively.
AIG, one of our principal shareholders, was also a principal shareholder of IPC Holdings, Ltd., the parent company of IPCRe Underwriting Services Limited, (“IPCUSL”), until August 2006. Pursuant to our agreement with IPCUSL, we paid an agency commission of 6.5% of gross premiums written by IPCUSL on our behalf plus original commissions to producers. Total acquisition costs incurred by us related to this agreement for the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 were $2.6 million and $4.7 million, respectively.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses represent overhead costs such as salaries and related costs, rent, travel and professional fees. They also include fees paid to subsidiaries of AIG in return for the provision of administrative services.
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General and administrative expenses increased by $4.9 million, or 23.6%, for the three months ended September 30, 2006 compared to the same period in 2005. The increase was primarily the result of two factors: approximately $2.2 million increased stock based compensation costs and approximately $1.8 million in costs associated with our Chicago and San Francisco offices that opened in the fourth quarter of 2005. The remaining increase in general and administrative expenses was a result of increases in the number of employees, as well as increased salary and employee welfare costs for existing employees. Additional expenses associated with becoming a public company include additional legal, audit and rating agency fees. Our general and administrative expense ratio was 8.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2006, which was higher than 6.6% for the three months ended September 30, 2005, primarily as a result of general and administrative expenses rising at a faster rate than net premiums earned.
Our expense ratio was 20.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2006 compared to 18.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2005. The increase resulted primarily from increased general and administrative expenses, combined with a small increase in our acquisition cost ratio.
Interest Expense
Interest expense increased $4.4 million, or 86.3%, to $9.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006 from $5.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005.
Interest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2005 related to our $500.0 million seven-year term loan secured in March 2005. This loan was repaid in full during the three months ended September 30, 2006, using a portion of the proceeds from both our IPO, including the exercise in full by the underwriters of their over-allotment option, and the issuance of $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of senior notes. Interest on the term loan was based on LIBOR plus an applicable margin, while the senior notes bear interest at an annual rate of 7.50%. The average applicable LIBOR rate for the three months ended September 30, 2005 was approximately 3.4%, resulting in a lower expense in 2005.
Net Income
Net income for the three months ended September 30, 2006 was $114.0 million compared to a net loss of $283.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005. The increase was primarily the result of us benefiting from the absence of significant catastrophic events in the three months ended September 30, 2006, compared to the same period in 2005, as well as increased net investment income. Net income for the three months ended September 30, 2006 included a net foreign exchange gain of $0.6 million and income tax expense of $2.8 million. Net income for the three months ended September 30, 2005 included a net foreign exchange gain of $0.1 million and an income tax benefit of $6.6 million. Our effective tax rates for the income tax expense and income tax benefit were approximately 2.4% and 2.3% for the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Comparison of Nine Months Ended September 30, 2006 and 2005
Premiums
Gross premiums written increased by $102.0 million, or 8.0%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2005. The increase was primarily the result of increased gross premiums written in our reinsurance segment, where we wrote approximately $57.8 million in new business during the nine months ended September 30, 2006, including $14.7 million related to four ILW contracts. Net upward revisions to premium estimates on prior period business and differences in treaty participations and rates also served to increase gross premiums written for the segment. In addition, we benefited from the significant market rate increases on certain catastrophe exposed North American general property business resulting from record industry losses following the hurricanes which occurred in the second half of 2005. The amount of business written by our underwriters in our U.S. offices also increased. During the second half of 2005, we added staff members to our New York and Boston offices and opened offices in Chicago and San Francisco in order to expand our U.S. distribution platform. Gross premiums written by our
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underwriters in U.S. offices were $125.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006, compared to $68.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005.
Offsetting these increases was a reduction in gross premiums written due to the cancellation of surplus lines program administrator agreements and a reinsurance agreement with subsidiaries of AIG. Gross premiums written under these agreements in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 were approximately $22.1 million, compared to approximately $0.5 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2006. Although the agreements were cancelled, we continued to receive premium adjustments during the nine months ended September 30, 2006. We also had a reduction in the volume of property catastrophe business written on our behalf by IPCUSL under an underwriting agency agreement. During the nine months ended September 30, 2005, we received approximately $17.5 million in non-recurring reinstatement premium following Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. In addition, we reduced our exposure limits on this business, which resulted in approximately $9.2 million less gross premiums written. We also did not renew one large professional lines reinsurance treaty, which resulted in approximately $27.3 million in gross premiums written in the nine months ended September 30, 2005, due to unfavorable changes in terms at renewal.
The table below illustrates our gross premiums written by geographic location. Gross premiums written by our Bermuda operating subsidiary increased by 6.2% primarily due to new business in our reinsurance segment, as well as increases in certain property rates. Gross premiums written by our U.S. operating subsidiaries increased by 28.6% due to the expansion of our U.S. distribution platform since the prior period, as discussed above. We employ a regional distribution strategy in the United States via wholesalers and brokers targeting middle-market clients. We believe this business will be complementary to our current casualty and property direct insurance business produced through Bermuda and European markets, which primarily focus on underwriting risks for large multi-national and Fortune 1000 clients with complex insurance needs.
Nine Months Ended September 30, | Dollar | Percentage | ||||||||||||||
2006 | 2005 | Change | Change | |||||||||||||
($ in millions) | ||||||||||||||||
Bermuda | $ | 1,026.7 | $ | 966.9 | $ | 59.8 | 6.2 | % | ||||||||
Europe | 216.9 | 204.8 | 12.1 | 5.9 | ||||||||||||
United States | 135.3 | 105.2 | 30.1 | 28.6 | ||||||||||||
$ | 1,378.9 | $ | 1,276.9 | $ | 102.0 | 8.0 | % | |||||||||
Net premiums written increased by $87.5 million, or 8.7%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2005. The difference between gross and net premiums written is the cost to us of purchasing reinsurance, both on a proportional and a non-proportional basis, including the cost of property catastrophe reinsurance coverage. We ceded 20.5% of premiums written for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 compared to 21.0% for the same period in 2005. Although the annual cost of our property catastrophe reinsurance protection increased in 2006 as a result of market rate increases and changes in the levels of coverage obtained, total premiums ceded under this program were approximately $0.3 million greater in 2005 due to costs incurred to reinstate our coverage after Hurricanes Katrina and Rita.
Net premiums earned decreased by $37.3 million, or 3.8%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2006, which reflected a decrease in gross premiums written in 2005, resulting primarily from the cancellation of the surplus lines program administrator agreements and a reinsurance agreement with subsidiaries of AIG.
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The following chart illustrates the mix of our business on a gross premiums written basis and net premiums earned basis by business segment.
Gross | Net | |||||||||||||||
Premiums | Premiums | |||||||||||||||
Written | Earned | |||||||||||||||
Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
2006 | 2005 | 2006 | 2005 | |||||||||||||
Property | 27.2 | % | 24.8 | % | 15.2 | % | 18.4 | % | ||||||||
Casualty | 34.4 | 37.5 | 43.0 | 46.2 | ||||||||||||
Reinsurance | 38.4 | 37.7 | 41.8 | 35.4 |
The increase in the percentage of property segment gross premiums written reflects the increase in rates and opportunities on certain catastrophe exposed North American property risks. The proportion of gross premiums written by our reinsurance segment increased in part due to net upward adjustments on premium estimates of prior years. On a net premiums earned basis, the percentage of reinsurance has increased for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 compared to the same period in 2005 due to the continued earning of increased premiums written over the past two years. The percentage of property net premiums earned was considerably less than for gross premiums written because we cede a larger portion of our property business compared to casualty and reinsurance.
Net Investment Income and Realized Gains/Losses
Net investment income earned during the nine months ended September 30, 2006 was $178.4 million compared to $127.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2005. The $50.7 million, or 39.7%, increase related primarily to increased earnings on our fixed maturity portfolio; net investment income related to this portfolio increased by approximately $45.6 million, or 39.6%, in the nine months ended September 30, 2006 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2005. This increase was the result of both increases in prevailing market interest rates and an approximate 18.6% increase in average aggregate invested assets. Our aggregate invested assets grew with the receipt of the net proceeds of our IPO, including the exercise in full by the underwriters of their over-allotment option, and the senior notes issuance, after repayment of our long-term debt, as well as increased operating cash flows. We also received an annual dividend of $8.4 million from an investment in a high-yield bond fund during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2006, which was $6.3 million greater than the amount received in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2005. Offsetting this increase was a reduction in income from our hedge funds. In the nine months ended September 30, 2006, we received distributions of $3.9 million individends-in-kind from three of our hedge funds based on the final 2005 asset values, which was included in net investment income. Comparatively, we received approximately $9.7 million in dividends during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2005. For 2006 and thereafter, we have elected not to receive dividends from these three hedge funds. Investment management fees of $3.5 million and $3.2 million were incurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
The annualized period book yield of the investment portfolio for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 was 4.3% and 3.7%, respectively. The increase in yield was primarily the result of increases in prevailing market interest rates over the past year.
As of September 30, 2006, we had investments in four hedge funds, three funds that are managed by our investment managers, and one fund managed by a subsidiary of AIG. The market value of our investments in these hedge funds as of September 30, 2006 totaled $225.3 million compared to $215.1 million as of December 31, 2005. These investments generally impose restrictions on redemption, which may limit our ability to withdraw funds for some period of time after our initial investment. We also had an investment in a high-yield bond fund included within other invested assets on our balance sheet, the market value of which was $31.7 million as of September 30, 2006 compared to $81.9 million as of December 31, 2005. During the nine-month period ended September 30, 2006, we reduced our investment in this fund by approximately
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$50 million. As our reserves and capital build, we may also consider other alternative investments in the future.
The following table shows the components of net realized investment losses.
Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||
2006 | 2005 | |||||||
($ in millions) | ||||||||
Net loss on fixed income investments | $ | (24.9 | ) | $ | (7.1 | ) | ||
Net gain on interest rate swaps | 0.4 | 2.2 | ||||||
Net realized investment losses | $ | (24.5 | ) | $ | (4.9 | ) | ||
The recognition of realized gains and losses is considered to be a typical consequence of ongoing investment management. A large proportion of our portfolio is invested in fixed income securities and, therefore, our unrealized gains and losses are correlated with fluctuations in interest rates. We also sold a higher than average volume of securities during the three-month period ended March 31, 2006 as we realigned our portfolio with the new investment benchmark.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2006, the net loss on fixed income investments included a write-down of approximately $13.3 million related to declines in the market value of securities in our available for sale portfolio which were considered to be other than temporary. The declines in market value on such securities were due to changes in interest rates. During the nine-month period ended September 30, 2005, no declines in the market value of investments were considered to be other than temporary.
We analyze gains or losses on sales of securities separately from gains or losses on interest rate swaps. On April 21, 2005, we entered into certain interest rate swaps in order to fix the interest cost of our $500 million floating rate term loan. These swaps were terminated with an effective date of June 30, 2006, resulting in cash proceeds of approximately $5.9 million.
Net Losses and Loss Expenses
Net losses and loss expenses decreased by $489.2 million, or 46.3%, to $566.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 from $1,055.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. The primary reason for the reduction in these expenses was the absence of significant catastrophic events during the current period. The net losses and loss expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 included the following:
• | Approximately $370.8 million accrued in relation to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita; | |
• | Loss and loss expenses of approximately $13.4 million related to windstorm Erwin, which occurred in the first quarter of 2005; | |
• | Net unfavorable development of approximately $62.5 million related to the windstorms of 2004; and | |
• | Net favorable development related to prior years of approximately $94.8 million. This net favorable development was primarily due to lower than expected loss emergence on 2003 and 2004 property insurance and reinsurance business and 2002 and 2003 casualty insurance business. |
In comparison, we were not exposed to any significant catastrophes during the nine months ended September 30, 2006. In addition, net favorable development related to prior years of approximately $67.7 million was recognized during the period, including approximately $4.6 million in anticipated recoveries under our property catastrophe reinsurance protection related to Hurricane Frances. The remainder of the net favorable development related primarily to 2002 and 2003 accident year business written in our casualty segment, resulting from continued low loss emergence during the period. Net favorable reserve development related to prior years was also recognized in both of our property and reinsurance segments.
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We have estimated our net losses from catastrophes based on actuarial analysis of claims information received to date, industry modeling and discussions with individual insureds and reinsureds. Accordingly, actual losses may vary from those estimated and will be adjusted in the period in which further information becomes available. Based on our current estimate of losses related to Hurricane Katrina, we believe we have exhausted our $135 million of property catastrophe reinsurance protection with respect to this event, leaving us with more limited reinsurance coverage available pursuant to our two remaining property quota share treaties should our Hurricane Katrina losses prove to be greater than currently estimated. Under the two remaining quota share treaties, we ceded 45% of our general property policies and 66% of our energy-related property policies. As of September 30, 2006, we had estimated gross losses related to Hurricane Katrina of $554 million. Losses ceded related to Hurricane Katrina were $135 million under the property catastrophe reinsurance protection and approximately $149 million under the property quota share treaties.
The loss and loss expense ratio for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 was 60.8% compared to 108.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. Net favorable development recognized in the nine months ended September 30, 2006 reduced the loss and loss expense ratio by 7.3 percentage points. Thus, the loss and loss expense ratio related to the current period’s business was 68.1%. Comparatively, the net loss and loss expenses recognized in relation to the 2004 and 2005 windstorms, net of the favorable reserve development related to prior periods, increased the loss and loss expense ratio by 36.3 percentage points. Thus, the loss and loss expense ratio related to that period’s business was 72.6%. The lower ratio in 2006 was primarily a function of two factors:
• | Higher loss and loss expense ratios for our property lines in 2005, which reflected the impact of certain rate decreases and increases in reported loss activity; and | |
• | Costs incurred in relation to our property catastrophe reinsurance protection were approximately $14.6 million greater in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 than for the same period in 2006, primarily due to charges incurred to reinstate our coverage after Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. The higher charge in 2005 resulted in lower net premiums earned and, thus, increased the loss and loss expense ratio. |
The following table shows the components of the decrease of net losses and loss expenses of $489.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 from the nine months ended September 30, 2005.
Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||
September 30, | Dollar | |||||||||||
2006 | 2005 | Change | ||||||||||
($ in millions) | ||||||||||||
Net losses paid | $ | 357.7 | $ | 276.9 | $ | 80.8 | ||||||
Net change in reported case reserves | (67.7 | ) | 201.2 | (268.9 | ) | |||||||
Net change in IBNR | 276.7 | 577.8 | (301.1 | ) | ||||||||
Net losses and loss expenses | $ | 566.7 | $ | 1,055.9 | $ | (489.2 | ) | |||||
Net losses paid have increased $80.8 million, or 29.2%, to $357.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 primarily due to claim payments made in relation to the 2004 and 2005 windstorms. During the nine months ended September 30, 2006, $197.2 million of net losses were paid in relation to the 2004 and 2005 catastrophic windstorms compared to $100.9 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2005. Net paid losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 included approximately $45.2 million recovered from our property catastrophe reinsurance protection as a result of losses paid due to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita.
The decrease in case reserves during the period ended September 30, 2006 was primarily due to the increase in net losses paid reducing the case reserves established. The net change in reported case reserves for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 included a $105.3 million reduction relating to the 2004 and 2005 windstorms compared to an increase in case reserves of $96.3 million for 2004 and 2005 windstorms during the nine months ended September 30, 2005.
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The net change in IBNR for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 was lower than that for the nine months ended September 30, 2005, primarily due to the absence of significant catastrophic activity in the period.
The table below is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending reserves for losses and loss expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005. Losses incurred and paid are reflected net of reinsurance recoverables.
Nine Months | ||||||||
Ended September 30, | ||||||||
2006 | 2005 | |||||||
($ in millions) | ||||||||
Net reserves for losses and loss expenses, January 1 | $ | 2,689.1 | $ | 1,777.9 | ||||
Incurred related to: | ||||||||
Current period non-catastrophe | 634.4 | 704.0 | ||||||
Current period property catastrophe | — | 384.2 | ||||||
Prior period non-catastrophe | (63.1 | ) | (94.8 | ) | ||||
Prior period property catastrophe | (4.6 | ) | 62.5 | |||||
Total incurred | $ | 566.7 | $ | 1,055.9 | ||||
Paid related to: | ||||||||
Current period non-catastrophe | 12.0 | 28.0 | ||||||
Current period property catastrophe | — | 10.7 | ||||||
Prior period non-catastrophe | 148.5 | 148.0 | ||||||
Prior period property catastrophe | 197.2 | 90.2 | ||||||
Total paid | $ | 357.7 | $ | 276.9 | ||||
Foreign exchange revaluation | 0.8 | (2.9 | ) | |||||
Net reserve for losses and loss expenses, September 30 | 2,898.9 | 2,554.0 | ||||||
Losses and loss expenses recoverable | 688.1 | 660.3 | ||||||
Reserve for losses and loss expenses, September 30 | $ | 3,587.0 | $ | 3,214.3 |
Acquisition Costs
Acquisition costs were $106.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 compared to $109.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. Acquisition costs as a percentage of net premiums earned were 11.5% for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 compared to 11.3% for the same period in 2005. Ceding commissions, which are deducted from gross acquisition costs, decreased slightly in the nine months ended September 30, 2006 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2005 due to reductions in rates on both our general property and energy treaties upon renewal. We expect ceding commissions to decline through the remainder of 2006, as the higher ceding commissions on business written in the prior year become fully earned.
Pursuant to our agreement with IPCUSL, we paid an agency commission of 6.5% of gross premiums written by IPCUSL on our behalf plus original commissions to producers. Total acquisition costs incurred by us related to this agreement for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 were $6.6 million and $10.1 million, respectively.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses increased by $5.5 million, or 8.2%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 compared to the same period in 2005. The increase was primarily the result of four factors: (1) increased stock based compensation costs; (2) an accrual for agross-up for U.S. taxes to be paid to our Bermuda-based employees who are U.S. citizens; (3) increased costs of approximately $3.9 million
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associated with our Chicago and San Francisco offices that opened in the fourth quarter of 2005; and (4) additional expenses required of a public company, including increases in legal, audit and rating agency fees. Stock based compensation charges increased by approximately $5.0 million, primarily as a result of a $2.8 million one-time charge incurred to adjust the value of our outstanding options and RSUs based on a change in fair value. Further contributing to the increase were expenses related to the adoption of a long-term incentive plan. We have also accrued additional compensation expense for our Bermuda-based U.S. citizen employees in light of recent changes in U.S. tax legislation. Offsetting these increases was a $2.0 million reduction in the estimated early termination fee associated with the termination of an administrative service agreement with a subsidiary of AIG. The final termination fee of $3.0 million, which was less than the $5.0 million accrued and expensed during the year ended December 31, 2005, was agreed to and paid on April 25, 2006. Starting in 2006, cost-plus and flat fee arrangements replaced the fees previously paid under our administrative services agreements with AIG subsidiaries, which were based on gross premiums written. The salary and infrastructure costs related to those services expensed in the nine months ended September 30, 2006 were approximately $2.0 million less than the cost of the administrative services fees based on gross premiums written in the nine months ended September 30, 2005. We do not expect this trend to continue because we anticipate adding staff and resources through the remainder of 2006 and into 2007. We also expect information technology costs to increase as our own infrastructure is put in place. Our general and administrative expense ratio was 7.7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 compared to 6.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2005; the increase was primarily due to general and administrative expenses rising, while net premiums earned declined, as described.
Our expense ratio increased to 19.2% for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 from 18.2% for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 as the result of our higher general and administrative expense ratio.
Interest Expense
Interest expense increased $13.3 million, or 135.7%, to $23.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 from $9.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. Our seven-year term loan incepted on March 30, 2005. In July 2006 we repaid this loan with a combination of a portion of both the proceeds from our IPO, including the exercise in full by the underwriters of their over-allotment option, and the issuance of $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of senior notes. The senior notes bear interest at an annual rate of 7.50%, whereas the term loan carried a floating rate based on LIBOR plus an applicable margin. Interest expense increased during the current year for two reasons: (1) we had long-term debt outstanding for the entire period in 2006 compared to only six months in 2005 and (2) the applicable interest rates in the nine months ended September 30, 2006 were higher than those for the same period in 2005.
Net Income
As a result of the above, net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 was $314.5 million compared to a net loss of $147.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. The increase was primarily the result of an absence of significant catastrophic events in the nine months ended September 30, 2006 combined with an increase in net investment income. Net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and September 30, 2005 included a net foreign exchange gain of $0.5 million and a net foreign exchange loss of $0.5 million, respectively. We recognized an income tax recovery of $2.9 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2005 due to our loss before income taxes. We recognized an income tax expense of $3.2 million during the current period.
Underwriting Results by Operating Segments
Our company is organized into three operating segments:
Property Segment. Our property segment includes the insurance of physical property and business interruption coverage for commercial property and energy-related risks. We write solely commercial coverages and focus on the insurance of primary risk layers. This means that we are typically part of the first group of insurers that cover a loss up to a specified limit.
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Casualty Segment. Our direct casualty underwriters provide a variety of specialty insurance casualty products to large and complex organizations around the world. Our casualty segment specializes in insurance products providing coverage for general and product liability, professional liability and healthcare liability risks. We focus primarily on insurance of excess layers, where we insure the secondand/or subsequent layers of a policy above the primary layer.
Reinsurance Segment. Our reinsurance segment includes the reinsurance of property, general casualty, professional lines, specialty lines and catastrophe coverages written by other insurance companies. We presently write reinsurance on both a treaty and a facultative basis, targeting several niche reinsurance markets including professional lines, specialty casualty, property for U.S. regional insurers, and accident and health.
Management measures results for each segment on the basis of the “loss and loss expense ratio,” “acquisition cost ratio,” “general and administrative expense ratio” and the “combined ratio.” Because we do not manage our assets by segment, investment income, interest expense and total assets are not allocated to individual reportable segments. General and administrative expenses are allocated to segments based on various factors, including staff count and each segment’s proportional share of gross premiums written.
Property Segment
The following table summarizes the underwriting results and associated ratios for the property segment for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005.
Nine Months | ||||||||||||||||
Three Months | Ended | |||||||||||||||
Ended September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2006 | 2005 | 2006 | 2005 | |||||||||||||
($ in millions) | ||||||||||||||||
Revenues | ||||||||||||||||
Gross premiums written | $ | 88.2 | $ | 85.0 | $ | 374.8 | $ | 316.5 | ||||||||
Net premiums written | 40.9 | 25.3 | 152.8 | 123.3 | ||||||||||||
Net premiums earned | 46.6 | 40.0 | 141.6 | 178.5 | ||||||||||||
Expenses | ||||||||||||||||
Net losses and loss expenses | $ | 28.9 | $ | 252.7 | $ | 86.9 | $ | 345.3 | ||||||||
Acquisition costs | (0.4 | ) | (1.8 | ) | (2.6 | ) | 7.7 | |||||||||
General and administrative expenses | 6.3 | 4.8 | 18.2 | 14.2 | ||||||||||||
Underwriting income (loss) | 11.8 | (215.7 | ) | 39.1 | (188.7 | ) | ||||||||||
Ratios | ||||||||||||||||
Loss and loss expense ratio | 62.1 | % | 630.9 | % | 61.4 | % | 193.4 | % | ||||||||
Acquisition cost ratio | (0.8 | ) | (4.4 | ) | (1.9 | ) | 4.3 | |||||||||
General and administrative expense ratio | 13.5 | 12.2 | 12.9 | 8.0 | ||||||||||||
Expense ratio | 12.7 | 7.8 | 11.0 | 12.3 | ||||||||||||
Combined ratio | 74.8 | 638.7 | 72.4 | 205.7 |
Comparison of Three Months Ended September 30, 2006 and 2005
Premiums. Gross premiums written were $88.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006 compared to $85.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005, an increase of $3.2 million, or 3.8%. The increase in gross premiums written was primarily the result of an increase in the amount of business written by our U.S. offices, which were in thestart-up phase during 2005. Gross premiums written by our underwriters in these offices were $16.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006, compared to $4.6 million for the same period in 2005. This increase was largely offset by a reduction in general property business written in our Bermuda office; gross premiums written relating to this business for the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively, were $17.1 million and $26.7 million. Although significant market rate increases on certain catastrophe exposed North American general property business were noted,
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we tempered our writings during the period in order to manage our accumulated catastrophe exposure limits. In addition, the volume of energy business written in our Bermuda office declined approximately $6.1 million from the prior period primarily because we did not renew certain onshore energy-related business that no longer met our underwriting requirements.
Net premiums written increased by $15.6 million, or 61.7%, a higher percentage increase than that of gross premiums written. This was primarily the result of additional premiums of approximately $13.3 million ceded in the three months ended September 30, 2005 in order to reinstate our property catastrophe reinsurance protection following Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. Net premiums earned increased by $6.6 million, or 16.5%. Net premiums earned were reduced by the cost of our property catastrophe reinsurance protection in both periods. The corresponding negative impact on net premiums earned was approximately $17.2 million in the three months ended September 30, 2005, compared to approximately $12.3 million for the same period in 2006. Although the cost of this coverage rose in 2006, the premiums paid to reinstate coverage in 2005 affected net premiums earned more significantly. The cost of property catastrophe reinsurance rose in 2006 due to both rate increases and increases in coverage levels, as well as a change in the internal structure of the program.
The percentage of gross premiums written ceded on our general property treaty increased from 45% to 55% when the treaty renewed on November 1, 2006.
Net losses and loss expenses. Net losses and loss expenses decreased by 88.6% to $28.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006 from $252.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005. Net losses and loss expenses for the three-month period ended September 30, 2005 were impacted by the following:
• | Loss and loss expenses of approximately $194.3 million accrued in relation to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita, which occurred in August and September 2005, respectively; | |
• | Net unfavorable development of approximately $49.0 million related to the windstorms of 2004; and | |
• | Net favorable reserve development relating to prior years of approximately $61.4 million. This net favorable development was primarily due to low loss emergence on our 2003 and 2004 accident year general property and energy business, exclusive of the 2004 windstorms. |
In comparison, we were not exposed to any significant catastrophes during the three months ended September 30, 2006. In addition, net favorable development relating to prior years of approximately $14.2 million was recognized during this period. This net development was attributable to several factors, including:
• | Excluding the losses related to the 2005 windstorms, lighter than expected loss emergence on 2005 accident year general property business; | |
• | Favorable loss emergence on 2004 accident year energy business; and | |
• | Anticipated recoveries of approximately $3.4 million recognized under our property catastrophe reinsurance protection related to Hurricane Frances, as we surpassed our applicable level of loss retention. |
The loss and loss expense ratio for the three months ended September 30, 2006 was 62.1% compared to 630.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2005. Net favorable development recognized in the three months ended September 30, 2006 reduced the loss and loss expense ratio by 30.5 percentage points. Thus, the loss and loss expense ratio related to the current period’s business was 92.6%. The results for our energy line of business during 2006 have been adversely affected by dramatic increases in commodity prices, which have led to higher loss costs. As commodity prices rise, so does the severity of business interruption claims, along with the frequency of mechanical breakdown as our insureds step up production to take advantage of the higher prices. We expect to reduce our exposures on energy business in future quarters due to the current market conditions. In comparison, the net losses and loss expenses recognized in relation to the 2004 and 2005 windstorms, net of the favorable reserve development related to prior periods, increased the loss and loss
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expense ratio for the three months ended September 30, 2005 by 454.3 percentage points. Thus, the loss and loss expense ratio related to that period’s business was 176.6%. The lower ratio in 2006 was a function of two factors:
• | The impact of certain rate decreases and increases in reported loss activity in 2005; and | |
• | Costs incurred in relation to our property catastrophe reinsurance protection were approximately $5.0 million greater in the three months ended September 30, 2005 than for the same period in 2006, due to charges incurred to reinstate our coverage after Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. The higher charge in 2005 resulted in lower net premiums earned and, thus, increased the loss and loss expense ratio. |
Net paid losses for the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 were $52.1 million and $55.5 million, respectively. Net paid losses for the three months ended September 30, 2006 included $7.0 million recovered from our property catastrophe reinsurance coverage as a result of losses paid due to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita.
The table below is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending reserves for losses and loss expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005. Losses incurred and paid are reflected net of reinsurance recoverables.
Three Months | ||||||||
Ended September 30, | ||||||||
2006 | 2005 | |||||||
($ in millions) | ||||||||
Net reserves for losses and loss expenses, July 1 | $ | 482.8 | $ | 364.8 | ||||
Incurred related to: | ||||||||
Current period non-catastrophe | 43.1 | 70.8 | ||||||
Current period property catastrophe | — | 194.3 | ||||||
Prior period non-catastrophe | (10.8 | ) | (61.4 | ) | ||||
Prior period property catastrophe | (3.4 | ) | 49.0 | |||||
Total incurred | $ | 28.9 | $ | 252.7 | ||||
Paid related to: | ||||||||
Current period non-catastrophe | 1.4 | 10.0 | ||||||
Current period property catastrophe | — | 2.9 | ||||||
Prior period non-catastrophe | 33.7 | 25.0 | ||||||
Prior period property catastrophe | 17.0 | 17.6 | ||||||
Total paid | $ | 52.1 | $ | 55.5 | ||||
Foreign exchange revaluation | (0.2 | ) | (0.2 | ) | ||||
Net reserve for losses and loss expenses, September 30 | 459.4 | 561.8 | ||||||
Losses and loss expenses recoverable | 474.0 | 480.3 | ||||||
Reserve for losses and loss expenses, September 30 | $ | 933.4 | $ | 1,042.1 |
Acquisition costs. Acquisition costs increased to negative $0.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006 from negative $1.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005. The negative cost represents ceding commissions received on ceded premiums in excess of the brokerage fees and commissions paid on gross premiums written. The acquisition cost ratio increased to negative 0.8% for the three months ended September 30, 2006 from negative 4.4% for the same period in 2005 primarily as a result of lower ceding commissions earned on reinsurance we purchase. When the treaty renewed on October 1, 2005, the ceding commission rate on our general property treaty was reduced from a 26% flat rate to a proportionate share of acquisition costs incurred by us plus a 7.5% fee. This has resulted in lower ceding commissions due to us over the past year, meaning that acquisition costs have increased. The factors that will determine the amount of acquisition costs going forward are the amount of brokerage fees and commissions incurred on policies we write less ceding commissions earned on reinsurance we purchase. We normally
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negotiate our reinsurance treaties on an annual basis, so the rates will vary from renewal period to renewal period. If the amount of ceding commissions earned exceeds the brokerage fees and commissions incurred, the overall acquisition costs will be negative. When our energy treaty renewed on June 1, 2006, the ceding commission rate declined from 26% to 20%. The ceding commission rate on our general property treaty increased to a 21% flat rate when it renewed on November 1, 2006.
General and administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses increased to $6.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006 from $4.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005. The increase in general and administrative expenses was attributable to increased stock based compensation expenses and additional staff and administrative expenses incurred in conjunction with the continued expansion of our U.S. property distribution platform. The cost of salaries and employee welfare expenses also increased for existing staff. The increase in the general and administrative expense ratio from 12.2% for the three months ended September 30, 2005 to 13.5% for the same period in 2006 was the result ofstart-up costs in the United States rising at a faster rate than net premiums earned and increased compensation expenses.
Comparison of Nine Months Ended September 30, 2006 and 2005
Premiums. Gross premiums written were $374.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 compared to $316.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005, an increase of $58.3 million, or 18.4%. The increase in gross premiums written was primarily due to significant market rate increases on certain catastrophe exposed North American general property business, resulting from record industry losses following the hurricanes that occurred in the second half of 2005. We also had an increase in the amount of business written due to increased opportunities in the property insurance market. In addition to this increase, gross premiums written also rose in the current period due to continued expansion of our U.S distribution platform. During the second half of 2005, we added staff members to our New York and Boston offices and opened offices in Chicago and San Francisco. Gross premiums written by our underwriters in these offices were $42.8 million for the period compared to $6.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. Offsetting these increases was a reduction in gross premiums written resulting from the cancellation of surplus lines program administrator agreements and a reinsurance agreement with subsidiaries of AIG. Gross premiums written under these agreements in the nine months ended September 30, 2006 were approximately $0.1 compared to $11.4 million written in the nine months ended September 30, 2005. Gross premiums written also declined by approximately $11.0 million due to the non-renewal of a fronted program whereby we ceded 100% of the gross premiums written.
Net premiums written increased by $29.5 million, or 23.9%, a larger increase than that of gross premiums written as the consequence of several factors:
• | Effective October 1, 2005, the quota share percentage on our general property treaty declined from 45% to 35%; as of April 1, 2006, this percentage returned to 45%. As a result, the higher rate was in effect for the whole nine months ended September 30, 2005 but only six months for the same period in 2006, with the gross premiums written in the remaining three months ceded at a lower rate. | |
• | The percentage of premiums ceded on our energy treaty fell 7.5 percentage points, from 66% to 58.5%, when it renewed on June 1, 2006. | |
• | The non-renewal of a fronted program, which was ceded at 100%. |
Offsetting these factors was an increase in the cost of our property catastrophe reinsurance protection. Premiums ceded in relation to this protection for the property segment were $42.3 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2006, which was a $14.7 million increase over the same period in the prior year. The increase in cost was due to market rate increases resulting from the 2004 and 2005 hurricanes and changes in the level of coverage obtained, as well as internal changes in the structure of the program. These increases were partially offset by additional premiums ceded in 2005 to reinstate our coverage following losses incurred from Hurricanes Katrina and Rita; no such reinstatement premiums were necessary in the same period of 2006.
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Net premiums earned decreased by $36.9 million, or 20.7%, primarily due to the cancellation of the surplus lines program administrator agreements and a reinsurance agreement with subsidiaries of AIG. Net premiums earned for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 included approximately $74.8 million related to the AIG agreements, exclusive of the cost of property catastrophe reinsurance protection. The corresponding net premiums earned for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2006 were approximately $1.0 million. This decline was partially offset by increased net premiums earned resulting from the higher gross premiums written.
Net losses and loss expenses. Net losses and loss expenses decreased by 74.8% to $86.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 from $345.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. Net losses and loss expenses for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2005 were impacted by three significant factors, namely:
• | Loss and loss expenses of approximately $194.3 million accrued in relation to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita, which occurred in August and September 2005, respectively; | |
• | Net unfavorable development of approximately $49.0 million related to the windstorms of 2004; and | |
• | Net favorable reserve development related to prior years of approximately $61.4 million. This net favorable development was primarily due to low loss emergence on our 2003 and 2004 accident year general property and energy business, exclusive of the 2004 windstorms. |
In comparison, we were not exposed to any significant catastrophes during the nine months ended September 30, 2006. In addition, net favorable development relating to prior years of approximately $20.2 million was recognized during this period. This net development was attributable to several factors, including:
• | Excluding the losses related to the 2005 windstorms, lighter than expected loss emergence on 2005 accident year general property business, offset partially by unfavorable development on our energy business for that accident year; | |
• | Favorable loss emergence on 2004 accident year general property and energy business; | |
• | Anticipated recoveries of approximately $3.4 million recognized under our property catastrophe reinsurance protection related to Hurricane Frances, as we surpassed our applicable level of loss retention; and | |
• | Unfavorable development of approximately $2.5 million relating to the 2005 windstorms. |
The loss and loss expense ratio for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 was 61.4%, compared to 193.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. Net favorable development recognized in the nine months ended September 30, 2006 reduced the loss and loss expense ratio by 14.2 percentage points. Thus, the loss and loss expense ratio related to the current period’s business was 75.6%, reflecting both increases in the cost of our property catastrophe reinsurance as well as increased losses and loss expenses on our energy business due to rising claims costs as a result of significantly elevated commodity prices. In comparison, the net losses and loss expenses recognized in relation to the 2004 and 2005 windstorms, net of the favorable reserve development related to prior periods, increased the loss and loss expense ratio for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 by 101.9 percentage points. Thus, the loss and loss expense ratio related to that period’s business was 91.5%. The lower ratio in 2006 was primarily a function of two factors:
• | Higher loss and loss expense ratios in 2005, which reflected the impact of certain rate decreases and increases in reported loss activity; and | |
• | Costs incurred in relation to our property catastrophe reinsurance protection on an earned basis were approximately $5.3 million greater in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 than for the same period in 2006, primarily due to charges incurred to reinstate our coverage after Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. The higher charge in 2005 resulted in lower net premiums earned and, thus, increased the loss and loss expense ratio. |
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Net paid losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 were $172.0 million and $184.8 million, respectively. Net paid losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 included $26.9 million recovered from our property catastrophe reinsurance coverage as a result of losses paid due to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita.
The table below is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending reserves for losses and loss expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005. Losses incurred and paid are reflected net of reinsurance recoverables.
Nine Months | ||||||||
Ended September 30, | ||||||||
2006 | 2005 | |||||||
($ in millions) | ||||||||
Net reserves for losses and loss expenses, January 1 | $ | 543.7 | $ | 404.2 | ||||
Incurred related to: | ||||||||
Current period non-catastrophe | 107.0 | 163.4 | ||||||
Current period property catastrophe | — | 194.3 | ||||||
Prior period non-catastrophe | (19.2 | ) | (61.4 | ) | ||||
Prior period property catastrophe | (0.9 | ) | 49.0 | |||||
Total incurred | $ | 86.9 | $ | 345.3 | ||||
Paid related to: | ||||||||
Current period non-catastrophe | 4.4 | 20.2 | ||||||
Current period property catastrophe | — | 2.9 | ||||||
Prior period non-catastrophe | 89.4 | 105.6 | ||||||
Prior period property catastrophe | 78.2 | 56.1 | ||||||
Total paid | $ | 172.0 | $ | 184.8 | ||||
Foreign exchange revaluation | 0.8 | (2.9 | ) | |||||
Net reserve for losses and loss expenses, September 30 | 459.4 | 561.8 | ||||||
Losses and loss expenses recoverable | 474.0 | 480.3 | ||||||
Reserve for losses and loss expenses, September 30 | $ | 933.4 | $ | 1,042.1 |
Acquisition costs. Acquisition costs decreased to negative $2.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 from $7.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. The negative cost represents ceding commissions received on ceded premiums in excess of the brokerage fees and commissions paid on gross premiums written. The acquisition cost ratio decreased to negative 1.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 from 4.3% for the same period in 2005 primarily as a result of changes in our U.S. distribution platform. Historically, our U.S. business was generated via surplus lines program administrator agreements and a reinsurance agreement with subsidiaries of AIG. Under these agreements, we paid additional commissions to the program administrators and cedent equal to 7.5% of the gross premiums written. These agreements were cancelled and the related gross premiums written were substantially earned by December 31, 2005. Gross premiums written from our U.S. offices are now underwritten by our own staff and, as a result, we do not incur the 7.5% override commission historically paid to subsidiaries of AIG. In addition, we now cede a portion of our U.S. business on a quota share basis under our property treaties. These cessions generate additional ceding commissions and have helped to further reduce acquisition costs on our U.S. business.
This reduction was offset slightly by reduced ceding commissions on our general property treaty; the ceding commission rate declined from a 26% flat rate to a proportionate share of acquisition costs incurred by us plus a 7.5% fee when the treaty was renewed on October 1, 2005. This has resulted in lower ceding commissions due to us over the past year, which has meant that acquisition costs have increased. The factors that will determine the amount of acquisition costs going forward are the amount of brokerage fees and commissions incurred on policies we write, less ceding commissions earned on reinsurance we purchase.
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When our energy treaty renewed on June 1, 2006, the ceding commission rate declined from 26% to 20%. The ceding commission rate on our general property treaty increased to a 21% flat rate when it renewed on November 1, 2006.
General and administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses increased to $18.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 from $14.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. General and administrative expenses included fees paid to subsidiaries of AIG in return for the provision of certain administrative services. Prior to January 1, 2006, these fees were based on a percentage of our gross premiums written. Effective January 1, 2006, our administrative agreements with AIG subsidiaries were amended and now contain both cost-plus and flat-fee arrangements for a more limited range of services. The services no longer included within the agreements are now provided through additional staff and infrastructure of the company. The increase in general and administrative expenses was primarily attributable to increased stock compensation expenses due to changes in the fair value of our options and RSUs and the adoption of a long-term incentive plan, as well as additional staff and administrative expenses incurred in conjunction with the expansion of our U.S. property distribution platform. The cost of salaries and employee welfare also increased for existing staff. The increase in the general and administrative expense ratio from 8.0% for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 to 12.9% for the same period in 2006 was the result of the reduction in net premiums earned, as described, combined withstart-up costs in the United States rising at a faster rate than net premiums earned.
Casualty Segment
The following table summarizes the underwriting results and associated ratios for the casualty segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005.
Three Months | Nine Months | |||||||||||||||
Ended | Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2006 | 2005 | 2006 | 2005 | |||||||||||||
($ in millions) | ||||||||||||||||
Revenues | ||||||||||||||||
Gross premiums written | $ | 144.6 | $ | 153.3 | $ | 475.1 | $ | 478.5 | ||||||||
Net premiums written | 127.9 | 138.6 | 414.8 | 423.9 | ||||||||||||
Net premiums earned | 135.2 | 146.6 | 400.5 | 447.9 | ||||||||||||
Expenses | ||||||||||||||||
Net losses and loss expenses | $ | 79.0 | $ | 101.9 | $ | 259.0 | $ | 322.6 | ||||||||
Acquisition costs | 7.3 | 8.0 | 23.6 | 24.9 | ||||||||||||
General and administrative expenses | 12.9 | 10.3 | 35.9 | 30.7 | ||||||||||||
Underwriting income (loss) | 36.0 | 26.4 | 82.0 | 69.7 | ||||||||||||
Ratios | ||||||||||||||||
Loss and loss expense ratio | 58.4 | % | 69.6 | % | 64.7 | % | 72.0 | % | ||||||||
Acquisition cost ratio | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.9 | 5.6 | ||||||||||||
General and administrative expense ratio | 9.6 | 7.0 | 8.9 | 6.8 | ||||||||||||
Expense ratio | 15.0 | 12.4 | 14.8 | 12.4 | ||||||||||||
Combined ratio | 73.4 | 82.0 | 79.5 | 84.4 |
Comparison of Three Months Ended September 30, 2006 and 2005
Premiums. Gross premiums written decreased $8.7 million, or 5.7%, for the three months ended September 30, 2006 compared to the same period in 2005. This decrease was primarily the result of a reduction in premiums written in our Bermuda office, due to some non-recurring business written during 2005, as well as slight decreases in market rates. This reduction was largely offset by an increase in the amount of business written through our U.S. offices as a result of continued expansion of our New York and Boston underwriting capabilities, combined with the opening of our new offices in Chicago and San Francisco in the
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fourth quarter of 2005. During the three-month period ended September 30, 2006, gross premiums written in our four U.S. offices totaled approximately $32.1 million compared to $23.5 million in the prior period.
Net premiums written decreased consistently with gross premiums written. The $11.4 million, or 7.8%, decline in net premiums earned was consistent with the decline in net premiums written.
Net losses and loss expenses. Net losses and loss expenses decreased to $79.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006 from $101.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005 due both to the reduction in net premiums earned as well as higher levels of net favorable reserve development recognized in comparison to the prior period. During the three months ended September 30, 2006, net favorable development of approximately $21.0 million was recognized, primarily in light of continued low loss emergence on the 2002 and 2003 accident year general casualty and professional lines business. Comparatively, during the three months ended September 30, 2005, net favorable development of approximately $11.9 million was recognized on the 2002 and 2003 accident year general casualty and professional lines business. The net favorable development recognized reduced the loss and loss expense ratio by 15.6 and 8.1 percentage points for the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Thus, the loss and loss expense ratio related to the current period’s business was 74.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 77.7% for the three months ended September 30, 2005. The higher rate in 2005 reflected an increase in reported losses for U.S. healthcare and European general casualty business. Net paid losses for the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 were $3.4 million and $2.2 million, respectively.
The table below is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending reserves for losses and loss expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005. Losses incurred and paid are reflected net of reinsurance recoverables.
Three Months | ||||||||
Ended September 30, | ||||||||
2006 | 2005 | |||||||
($ in millions) | ||||||||
Net reserves for losses and loss expenses, July 1 | $ | 1,557.2 | $ | 1,223.9 | ||||
Incurred related to: | ||||||||
Current period non-catastrophe | 100.0 | 113.8 | ||||||
Current period catastrophe | — | — | ||||||
Prior period non-catastrophe | (21.0 | ) | (11.9 | ) | ||||
Prior period catastrophe | — | — | ||||||
Total incurred | $ | 79.0 | $ | 101.9 | ||||
Paid related to: | ||||||||
Current period non-catastrophe | — | — | ||||||
Current period catastrophe | — | — | ||||||
Prior period non-catastrophe | 3.4 | 2.2 | ||||||
Prior period catastrophe | — | — | ||||||
Total paid | $ | 3.4 | $ | 2.2 | ||||
Foreign exchange revaluation | — | — | ||||||
Net reserve for losses and loss expenses, September 30 | 1,632.8 | 1,323.6 | ||||||
Losses and loss expenses recoverable | 168.2 | 113.5 | ||||||
Reserve for losses and loss expenses, September 30 | $ | 1,801.0 | $ | 1,437.1 |
Acquisition costs. Acquisition costs decreased $0.7 million, or 8.8%, to $7.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006 from $8.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005. The decrease was directly related to the reduction in net premiums earned and, as a result, the acquisition cost ratio was stable at 5.4% for both the three months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005.
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General and administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses increased from $10.3 million to $12.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2006, respectively. The 2.6 percentage point increase in the general and administrative expense ratio from 7.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2005 to 9.6% for the same period in 2006 was primarily a function of rising levels of general and administrative costs due to increased stock based compensation expense and increased costs due to the continued expansion of our U.S. distribution platform, while net premiums earned declined.
Comparison of Nine Months Ended September 30, 2006 and 2005
Premiums. Gross premiums written for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 were consistent with the prior period, declining only 0.7%, or $3.4 million. Although gross premiums written declined by approximately $10.3 million as a result of the cancellation of surplus lines program administrator agreements and a reinsurance agreement with subsidiaries of AIG, this reduction was more than offset by an increase in the level of business written in our U.S. offices. During the nine-month period ended September 30, 2006, gross premiums written in these offices totaled approximately $82.9 million compared to $62.5 million in the prior period. Offsetting this increase was a reduction in gross premiums written in our Bermuda office, primarily due to certain non-recurring business written in 2005, as well as slight reductions in market rates.
Net premiums written decreased in-line with the increase in gross premiums written. The $47.4 million, or 10.6%, decline in net premiums earned was the result of the decline in gross premiums written during 2005 as a result of the cancellation of the surplus lines program administrator agreements and a reinsurance agreement with subsidiaries of AIG. These reduced premiums continued to be earned during the current period.
Net losses and loss expenses. Net losses and loss expenses decreased $63.6 million, or 19.7%, to $259.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 from $322.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. During the nine months ended September 30, 2006, approximately $37.2 million in net favorable reserve development relating to prior periods was recorded, primarily due to favorable loss emergence on the 2002 and 2003 accident years. This favorable development, however, was partially offset by some unfavorable development on certain claims relating to our U.S. casualty business. Comparatively, during the nine months ended September 30, 2005, net favorable reserve development relating to prior years of approximately $11.9 million was recognized. The net favorable development recognized reduced the loss and loss expense ratio by 9.3 and 2.7 percentage points for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Thus, the loss and loss expense ratio related to the current period’s business was 74.0% for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 74.7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. Net paid losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 were $45.3 million and $18.6 million, respectively. Net paid losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 included $25.0 million for a general liability loss that occurred during Hurricane Katrina.
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The table below is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending reserves for losses and loss expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005. Losses incurred and paid are reflected net of reinsurance recoverables.
Nine Months | ||||||||
Ended September 30, | ||||||||
2006 | 2005 | |||||||
($ in millions) | ||||||||
Net reserves for losses and loss expenses, January 1 | $ | 1,419.1 | $ | 1,019.6 | ||||
Incurred related to: | ||||||||
Current period non-catastrophe | 296.2 | 334.5 | ||||||
Current period catastrophe | — | — | ||||||
Prior period non-catastrophe | (37.2 | ) | (11.9 | ) | ||||
Prior period catastrophe | — | — | ||||||
Total incurred | $ | 259.0 | $ | 322.6 | ||||
Paid related to: | ||||||||
Current period non-catastrophe | — | — | ||||||
Current period catastrophe | — | — | ||||||
Prior period non-catastrophe | 20.3 | 18.6 | ||||||
Prior period catastrophe | 25.0 | — | ||||||
Total paid | $ | 45.3 | $ | 18.6 | ||||
Foreign exchange revaluation | — | — | ||||||
Net reserve for losses and loss expenses, September 30 | 1,632.8 | 1,323.6 | ||||||
Losses and loss expenses recoverable | 168.2 | 113.5 | ||||||
Reserve for losses and loss expenses, September 30 | $ | 1,801.0 | $ | 1,437.1 |
Acquisition costs. Acquisition costs were $23.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 compared to $24.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. The acquisition cost ratio increased from 5.6% for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 to 5.9% for the same period in 2006. The increase was primarily the result of an increase in brokerage fees and commissions on premiums earned.
General and administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses increased to $35.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 from $30.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. General and administrative expenses included fees paid to subsidiaries of AIG in return for the provision of certain administrative services. Prior to January 1, 2006, these fees were based on a percentage of our gross premiums written. Effective January 1, 2006, our administrative agreements with AIG subsidiaries were amended and now contain both cost-plus and flat-fee arrangements for a more limited range of services. The services no longer included within the agreements are now provided through additional staff and infrastructure of the company. The increase in general and administrative expenses was primarily attributable to salary and employee welfare and stock based compensation increases, as well as costs associated with additional staff and infrastructure associated with the expansion of our U.S distribution platform. The increase in the general and administrative expense ratio from 6.8% for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 to 8.9% for the same period in 2006 was the result of the reduction in net premiums earned, as described, combined with higher compensation expense andstart-up costs in the United States.
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Reinsurance Segment
The following table summarizes the underwriting results and associated ratios for the reinsurance segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005.
�� | ||||||||||||||||
Three Months | Nine Months | |||||||||||||||
Ended September 30, | Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2006 | 2005 | 2006 | 2005 | |||||||||||||
($ in millions) | ($ in millions) | |||||||||||||||
Revenues | ||||||||||||||||
Gross premiums written | $ | 129.8 | $ | 91.6 | $ | 529.0 | $ | 482.0 | ||||||||
Net premiums written | 129.3 | 85.8 | 528.2 | 461.3 | ||||||||||||
Net premiums earned | 136.0 | 126.7 | 390.1 | 343.1 | ||||||||||||
Expenses | ||||||||||||||||
Net losses and loss expenses | $ | 73.0 | $ | 238.7 | $ | 220.8 | $ | 388.0 | ||||||||
Acquisition costs | 30.9 | 29.7 | 86.0 | 77.2 | ||||||||||||
General and administrative expenses | 6.5 | 5.6 | 18.1 | 21.8 | ||||||||||||
Underwriting income (loss) | 25.6 | (147.3 | ) | 65.2 | (143.9 | ) | ||||||||||
Ratios | ||||||||||||||||
Loss and loss expense ratio | 53.7 | % | 188.4 | % | 56.6 | % | 113.1 | % | ||||||||
Acquisition cost ratio | 22.7 | 23.5 | 22.0 | 22.5 | ||||||||||||
General and administrative expense ratio | 4.8 | 4.4 | 4.7 | 6.4 | ||||||||||||
Expense ratio | 27.5 | 27.9 | 26.7 | 28.9 | ||||||||||||
Combined ratio | 81.2 | 216.3 | 83.3 | 142.0 |
Comparison of Three Months Ended September 30, 2006 and 2005
Premiums. Gross premiums written were $129.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006 compared to $91.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005, an increase of $38.2 million, or 41.7%. Gross premiums written increased primarily as a result of new business. We added approximately $32.4 million in gross premiums written related to new business during the three months ended September 30, 2006. Included in this figure was gross premiums written of approximately $9.4 million related to three industry loss warranty contracts. Gross premiums written also increased as the result of changes in treaty renewal dates. Offsetting these increases was a reduction in business written under our underwriting agency agreement with IPCUSL; the volume of business was significantly higher in 2005 as a result of approximately $17.5 million in gross premiums written pertaining to coverage reinstatements after Hurricanes Katrina and Rita.
Net premiums written increased by $43.5 million, or 50.7%. This was primarily the result of non-recurring premiums of approximately $7.2 million ceded in the three months ended September 30, 2005 in order to reinstate our property catastrophe reinsurance protection following Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. Net premiums earned increased $9.3 million, or 7.3%. Premiums related to our reinsurance business earn at a slower rate than those related to our direct insurance business. Direct insurance premiums typically earn ratably over the term of a policy. Reinsurance premiums under a proportional contract are typically earned over the same period as the underlying policies, or risks, covered by the contract. As a result, the earning pattern of a proportional contract may extend up to 24 months, reflecting the inception dates of the underlying policies. Property catastrophe premiums earn ratably over the term of the reinsurance contract.
Net losses and loss expenses. Net losses and loss expenses decreased from $238.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005 to $73.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006. Net losses and loss expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2005 were impacted by three significant factors:
• | Losses and loss expenses of approximately $176.5 million accrued in relation to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita, which occurred in August and September 2005, respectively; |
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• | Net unfavorable development of approximately $7.8 million related to the windstorms of 2004; and | |
• | Net favorable reserve development related to prior years of approximately $21.5 million. This net favorable development was primarily due to low loss emergence on our 2003 and 2004 property reinsurance business, exclusive of the 2004 windstorms. |
In comparison, we were not exposed to any significant catastrophes during the three months ended September 30, 2006. In addition, net favorable development relating to prior years of approximately $3.4 million was recognized during the period. This included approximately $1.2 million in anticipated recoveries under our property catastrophe reinsurance protection related to Hurricane Frances. The remainder of the net favorable development related to the 2002 and 2003 accident year business written on our behalf by IPCUSL, as loss activity has slowed.
The loss and loss expense ratio for the three months ended September 30, 2006 was 53.7%, compared to 188.4% for the three months ended September 30, 2005. Net favorable development recognized in the three months ended September 30, 2006 reduced the loss and loss expense ratio by 2.5 percentage points. Thus, the loss and loss expense ratio related to the current period’s business was 56.2%. In comparison, the net losses and loss expenses recognized in relation to the 2004 and 2005 windstorms, net of the favorable reserve development related to prior periods, increased the loss and loss expense ratio for the three months ended September 30, 2005 by 128.5 percentage points. Thus, the loss and loss expense ratio related to that period’s business was 59.9%. The lower ratio in 2006 was primarily a function of costs incurred in relation to our property catastrophe reinsurance protection, which were approximately $8.9 million greater in the three months ended September 30, 2005 than for the same period in 2006 due to charges incurred to reinstate our coverage after the 2005 windstorms. The higher charge in 2005 resulted in lower net premiums earned and, therefore, a higher 2005 loss and loss expense ratio.
Net paid losses were $44.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006 compared to $28.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005. The increase primarily related to losses paid as a result of the 2005 windstorms. Net paid losses for the three months ended September 30, 2006 included $4.6 million recovered from our property catastrophe reinsurance coverage as a result of losses paid due to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita.
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The table below is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending reserves for losses and loss expenses for the three-month periods ended September 30, 2006 and 2005. Losses incurred and paid are reflected net of reinsurance recoverables.
Three Months | ||||||||
Ended September 30, | ||||||||
2006 | 2005 | |||||||
($ in millions) | ||||||||
Net reserves for losses and loss expenses, July 1 | $ | 778.3 | $ | 458.1 | ||||
Incurred related to: | ||||||||
Current period non-catastrophe | 76.5 | 75.9 | ||||||
Current period property catastrophe | — | 176.5 | ||||||
Prior period non-catastrophe | (2.3 | ) | (21.5 | ) | ||||
Prior period property catastrophe | (1.2 | ) | 7.8 | |||||
Total incurred | $ | 73.0 | $ | 238.7 | ||||
Paid related to: | ||||||||
Current period non-catastrophe | 3.5 | 4.1 | ||||||
Current period property catastrophe | — | 5.3 | ||||||
Prior period non-catastrophe | 13.3 | 8.2 | ||||||
Prior period property catastrophe | 27.8 | 10.6 | ||||||
Total paid | $ | 44.6 | $ | 28.2 | ||||
Foreign exchange revaluation | — | — | ||||||
Net reserve for losses and loss expenses, September 30 | 806.7 | 668.6 | ||||||
Losses and loss expenses recoverable | 45.9 | 66.5 | ||||||
Reserve for losses and loss expenses, September 30 | $ | 852.6 | $ | 735.1 |
Acquisition costs. Acquisition costs increased $1.2 million to $30.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006 from $29.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005 primarily as a result of the increase in net premiums earned. The acquisition cost ratio of 22.7% for the three-month period ended September 30, 2006 was lower than the 23.5% acquisition cost ratio for the three-month period ended September 30, 2005 primarily due to the ILW contracts, which carried lower acquisition costs.
General and administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses increased to $6.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006 from $5.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005. The increase was primarily the result of increased stock based compensation expenses, including the adoption of a long-term incentive plan.
Comparison of Nine Months Ended September 30, 2006 and 2005
Premiums. Gross premiums written were $529.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 compared to $482.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005, an increase of $47.0 million, or 9.8%. The increase in gross premiums written was primarily due to new business of approximately $57.8 million, including four ILW contracts that contributed $14.7 million to gross premiums written. In addition, net upward premium adjustments on prior year business totaling approximately $68.8 million further increased gross premiums written, as the comparable figure for 2005 was approximately $31.4 million. Partially offsetting these increases were several treaties that were not renewed in the current year; this included one treaty that contributed approximately $27.3 million to gross premiums written in the prior period which was not renewed due to unfavorable changes in contract terms. In addition, approximately $17.5 million of the gross premiums written during the nine months ended September 30, 2005 related to non-recurring amounts pertaining to coverage reinstatements after Hurricanes Katrina and Rita on business written under our underwriting agency agreement with IPCUSL. Although rates on property catastrophe business have increased, we reduced our exposure limits on the IPCUSL business, which reduced gross premiums written. IPCUSL
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wrote $50.1 million of property catastrophe business on our behalf in the nine months ended September 30, 2006 compared to $76.9 million in the same period in 2005.
Net premiums written increased by $66.9 million, or 14.5%, a higher percentage than that for gross premiums written. The higher percentage was primarily a result of changes in the internal structure of our property catastrophe reinsurance protection. This resulted in a reduction of $15.0 million in ceded premium in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2006 compared to the same period in 2005. The $47.0 million, or 13.7%, increase in net premiums earned was the result of a continued increase in net premiums written over the past two years. In addition, net upward increases in premium estimates on business written in prior periods have contributed to increases in net premiums earned, as has the reduction in premiums ceded in relation to the property catastrophe reinsurance protection.
Net losses and loss expenses. Net losses and loss expenses decreased to $220.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 from $388.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. Net losses and loss expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 were impacted by four significant factors:
• | Losses and loss expenses of approximately $13.4 million as a result of windstorm Erwin, which occurred early in 2005; | |
• | Losses and loss expenses of approximately $176.5 million accrued in relation to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita; | |
• | Net unfavorable development of approximately $13.4 million related to the windstorms of 2004; and | |
• | Net favorable reserve development related to prior years of approximately $21.5 million. This net favorable development was primarily due to low loss emergence on our 2003 and 2004 property reinsurance business, exclusive of the 2004 windstorms. |
In comparison, we were not exposed to any significant catastrophes during the nine months ended September 30, 2006. However, 2006 losses and loss expenses were impacted by several factors:
• | Recognition of approximately $6.7 million of favorable reserve development. The majority of this development related to 2002 and 2003 accident year business written on our behalf by IPCUSL. | |
• | Net favorable development related to the 2005 windstorms totaled approximately $2.5 million; and | |
• | Anticipated recoveries of approximately $1.2 million on our property catastrophe reinsurance protection related to Hurricane Frances. |
The loss and loss expense ratio for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 was 56.6%, compared to 113.1% for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. Net favorable development recognized in the nine months ended September 30, 2006 reduced the loss and loss expense ratio by 2.6 percentage points. Thus, the loss and loss expense ratio related to the current period’s business was 59.2%. Comparatively, the net losses and loss expenses recognized in relation to the 2004 and 2005 windstorms, net of the favorable reserve development related to prior periods, increased the loss and loss expense ratio for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 by 53.0 percentage points. Thus, the loss and loss expense ratio related to that period’s business was 60.1%, which was comparable to the same measure in 2006.
Net paid losses were $140.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 compared to $73.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. The increase primarily related to losses paid as a result of the 2005 windstorms. Net paid losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 included $18.3 million recovered from our property catastrophe reinsurance coverage as a result of losses paid due to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita.
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The table below is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending reserves for losses and loss expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005. Losses incurred and paid are reflected net of reinsurance recoverables.
Nine Months | ||||||||
Ended September 30, | ||||||||
2006 | 2005 | |||||||
($ in millions) | ||||||||
Net reserves for losses and loss expenses, January 1 | $ | 726.3 | $ | 354.1 | ||||
Incurred related to: | ||||||||
Current period non-catastrophe | 231.2 | 206.1 | ||||||
Current period property catastrophe | — | 189.9 | ||||||
Prior period non-catastrophe | (6.7 | ) | (21.5 | ) | ||||
Prior period property catastrophe | (3.7 | ) | 13.5 | |||||
Total incurred | $ | 220.8 | $ | 388.0 | ||||
Paid related to: | ||||||||
Current period non-catastrophe | 7.7 | 7.8 | ||||||
Current period property catastrophe | — | 7.8 | ||||||
Prior period non-catastrophe | 38.7 | 23.8 | ||||||
Prior period property catastrophe | 94.0 | 34.1 | ||||||
Total paid | $ | 140.4 | $ | 73.5 | ||||
Foreign exchange revaluation | — | — | ||||||
Net reserve for losses and loss expenses, September 30 | 806.7 | 668.6 | ||||||
Losses and loss expenses recoverable | 45.9 | 66.5 | ||||||
Reserve for losses and loss expenses, September 30 | $ | 852.6 | $ | 735.1 |
Acquisition costs. Acquisition costs increased $8.8 million to $86.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 from $77.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 primarily as a result of the increase in net premiums earned. The acquisition cost ratio of 22.0% for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2006 was comparable with the 22.5% acquisition cost ratio for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2005.
General and administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses decreased to $18.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 from $21.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. The decrease in general and administrative expenses was primarily a result of changes in the cost structure for our administrative functions. General and administrative expenses included fees paid to subsidiaries of AIG in return for the provision of certain administrative services. Prior to January 1, 2006, these fees were based on a percentage of our gross premiums written. Effective January 1, 2006, our administrative agreements with AIG subsidiaries were amended and now contain both cost-plus and flat-fee arrangements for a more limited range of services. The services no longer included within the agreements are now provided through additional staff and infrastructure of the company. Prior to January 1, 2006, fees paid to subsidiaries of AIG were allocated to the reinsurance segment based on the segment’s proportionate share of gross premiums written. The reinsurance segment constituted 37.7% of consolidated gross premiums written for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and, therefore, was allocated a significant portion of the fees paid to AIG. As a result of the change in the cost structure related to our administrative functions, these expenses are now relatively fixed in nature, and do not vary according to the level of gross premiums written. This has resulted in a decreased allocation of expenses to the reinsurance segment. Partially offsetting this reduction were increased stock based compensation charges as a result of a newly adopted long-term incentive plan and changes in the fair value of our options and RSUs.
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Reserves for Losses and Loss Expenses
Reserves for losses and loss expenses as of September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005 were comprised of the following:
Property | Casualty | Reinsurance | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sep. 30, | Dec. 31, | Sep. 30, | Dec. 31, | Sep. 30, | Dec. 31, | Sep. 30, | Dec. 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
2006 | 2005 | 2006 | 2005 | 2006 | 2005 | 2006 | 2005 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
($ in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Case reserves | $ | 609.6 | $ | 602.8 | $ | 69.1 | $ | 77.6 | $ | 213.8 | $ | 240.8 | $ | 892.5 | $ | 921.2 | ||||||||||||||||
IBNR | 323.8 | 456.0 | 1,731.9 | 1,470.1 | 638.8 | 558.1 | 2,694.5 | 2,484.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reserve for losses and loss expenses | 933.4 | 1,058.8 | 1,801.0 | 1,547.7 | 852.6 | 798.9 | 3,587.0 | 3,405.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reinsurance recoverables | (474.0 | ) | (515.1 | ) | (168.2 | ) | (128.6 | ) | (45.9 | ) | (72.6 | ) | (688.1 | ) | (716.3 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Net reserve for losses and loss expenses | $ | 459.4 | $ | 543.7 | $ | 1,632.8 | $ | 1,419.1 | $ | 806.7 | $ | 726.3 | $ | 2,898.9 | $ | 2,689.1 | ||||||||||||||||
We participate in certain lines of business where claims may not be reported for many years. Accordingly, management does not believe that reported claims on these lines are necessarily a valid means for estimating ultimate liabilities. We use statistical and actuarial methods to estimate ultimate expected losses and loss expenses. Loss reserves do not represent an exact calculation of liability. Rather, loss reserves are estimates of what we expect the ultimate resolution and administration of claims will cost. These estimates are based on actuarial and statistical projections and on our assessment of currently available data, as well as estimates of future trends in claims severity and frequency, judicial theories of liability and other factors. Loss reserve estimates are refined as experience develops and as claims are reported and resolved. Establishing an appropriate level of loss reserves is an inherently uncertain process. Ultimate losses and loss expenses may differ from our reserves, possibly by material amounts.
Reinsurance Recoverable
The following table illustrates our reinsurance recoverable as of September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005:
Reinsurance Recoverable | ||||||||
As of | As of | |||||||
Sep. 30, | Dec. 31, | |||||||
2006 | 2005 | |||||||
($ in millions) | ||||||||
Ceded case reserves | $ | 294.6 | $ | 256.4 | ||||
Ceded IBNR reserves | 393.5 | 459.9 | ||||||
Reinsurance recoverable | $ | 688.1 | $ | 716.3 | ||||
We remain obligated for amounts ceded in the event our reinsurers do not meet their obligations. Accordingly, we have evaluated the reinsurers that are providing reinsurance protection to us and will continue to monitor their credit ratings and financial stability. Approximately 93% of ceded case reserves as of September 30, 2006 were recoverable from reinsurers who had an A.M. Best rating of “A” or higher. We generally have the right to terminate our treaty reinsurance contracts at any time, upon prior written notice to the reinsurer, under specified circumstances, including the assignment to the reinsurer by A.M. Best of a financial strength rating of less than “A-.”
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
General
As of September 30, 2006, our shareholders’ equity was $2.1 billion, a 47.5% increase compared to $1.4 billion as of December 31, 2005. The increase was a result of net income for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2006 of $314.5 million, net proceeds from our IPO, including net proceeds from the exercise in full by the underwriters of their over-allotment option, of approximately $315.8 million and an unrealized net increase of $29.0 million in the market value of our investments, net of deferred taxes, recorded in equity. The increase in the market value of our securities was primarily the result of the declining interest rate environment at September 30, 2006.
Holdings is a holding company and transacts no business of its own. Cash flows to Holdings may comprise dividends, advances and loans from its subsidiary companies.
Restrictions and Specific Requirements
The jurisdictions in which our insurance subsidiaries are licensed to write business impose regulations requiring companies to maintain or meet various defined statutory ratios, including solvency and liquidity requirements. Some jurisdictions also place restrictions on the declaration and payment of dividends and other distributions.
Holdings is a holding company, and it is therefore reliant on receiving dividends and other permitted distributions from its subsidiaries to make principal, interest and dividend payments on its senior notes and common shares.
The payment of dividends from Holdings’ Bermuda domiciled subsidiaries is, under certain circumstances, limited under Bermuda law, which requires these Bermuda subsidiaries of Holdings to maintain certain measures of solvency and liquidity. Holdings’ U.S. domiciled subsidiaries are subject to significant regulatory restrictions limiting their ability to declare and pay dividends. In particular, payments of dividends by Allied World Assurance Company (U.S.) Inc. and Newmarket Underwriters Insurance Company are subject to restrictions on statutory surplus pursuant to Delaware law and New Hampshire law, respectively. Both states require prior regulatory approval of any payment of extraordinary dividends. The inability of the subsidiaries of Holdings to pay dividends and other permitted distributions could have a material adverse effect on its cash requirements and ability to make principal, interest and dividend payments on its senior notes and common shares.
Holdings’ insurance subsidiary in Bermuda, Allied World Assurance Company, Ltd, is neither licensed nor admitted as an insurer, nor is it accredited as a reinsurer, in any jurisdiction in the United States. As a result, it is required to post collateral security with respect to any reinsurance liabilities it assumes from ceding insurers domiciled in the United States in order for U.S. ceding companies to obtain credit on their U.S. statutory financial statements with respect to insurance liabilities ceded to them. Under applicable statutory provisions, the security arrangements may be in the form of letters of credit, reinsurance trusts maintained by trustees or funds-withheld arrangements where assets are held by the ceding company.
At this time, Allied World Assurance Company, Ltd uses trust accounts primarily to meet security requirements for inter-company and certain related-party reinsurance transactions. We also have cash and cash equivalents and investments on deposit with various state or government insurance departments or pledged in favor of ceding companies in order to comply with relevant insurance regulations. As of September 30, 2006, total trust account deposits were $736.6 million compared to $683.7 million as of December 31, 2005. In addition, Allied World Assurance Company, Ltd has access to up to $900 million in letters of credit under secured letter of credit facilities with Citibank, N.A. and Barclays Bank, PLC. These facilities are used to provide security to reinsureds and are collateralized by us, at least to the extent of letters of credit outstanding at any given time. As of September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, there were outstanding letters of credit totaling $761.4 million and $740.7 million, respectively, under the two facilities. Collateral committed to
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support the letter of credit facilities was $910.5 million as of September 30, 2006, compared to $852.1 million as of December 31, 2005.
Security arrangements with ceding insurers may subject our assets to security interests or require that a portion of our assets be pledged to, or otherwise held by, third parties. Both of our letter of credit facilities are fully collateralized by assets held in custodial accounts at Mellon Bank held for the benefit of Barclays Bank, PLC and Citibank, N.A. Although the investment income derived from our assets while held in trust accrues to our benefit, the investment of these assets is governed by the terms of the letter of credit facilities or the investment regulations of the state or territory of domicile of the ceding insurer, which may be more restrictive than the investment regulations applicable to us under Bermuda law. The restrictions may result in lower investment yields on these assets, which may adversely affect our profitability.
In January 2005, we initiated a securities lending program whereby the securities we own that are included in fixed maturity investments available for sale are loaned to third parties, primarily brokerage firms, for a short period of time through a lending agent. We maintain control over the securities we lend and can recall them at any time for any reason. We receive amounts equal to all interest and dividends associated with the loaned securities and receive a fee from the borrower for the temporary use of the securities. Collateral in the form of cash is required initially at a minimum rate of 102% of the market value of the loaned securities and may not decrease below 100% of the market value of the loaned securities before additional collateral is required. We had $691.2 million and $449.0 in securities on loan as of September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively, with collateral held against such loaned securities amounting to $700.8 million and $456.8 million, respectively.
We believe that restrictions on liquidity resulting from restrictions on the payments of dividends by our subsidiary companies or from assets committed in trust accounts or to collateralize the letter of credit facilities or by our securities lending program will not have a material impact on our ability to carry out our normal business activities, including interest and dividend payments on our senior notes and common shares.
Sources and Uses of Funds
Our sources of funds primarily consist of premium receipts net of commissions, investment income, net proceeds from the issuance of common shares and senior notes, proceeds from our term loan and proceeds from sales and redemption of investments. Cash is used primarily to pay losses and loss expenses, purchase reinsurance, pay general and administrative expenses and taxes, with the remainder made available to our investment manager for investment in accordance with our investment policy.
Cash flows from operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 were $651.0 million compared to $589.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. Although net loss payments made in the nine months ended September 30, 2006 increased to approximately $357.7 million from $276.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005, the resulting reduction in cash flows from operations was largely offset by increased investment income received.
Investing cash flows consist primarily of proceeds on the sale of investments and payments for investments acquired. We used $868.7 million in net cash for investing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2006 compared to $605.1 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2005. Net cash used in investing activities increased in 2006 primarily as a result of the investment of $215.0 million of the net proceeds from our initial public offering and senior notes issuance. The remainder of the net proceeds, after repayment of our long term debt, was invested in short-term securities, which are included in cash and cash equivalents.
Financing cash flows during the nine months ended September 30, 2005 consisted of proceeds from borrowing $500 million through a term loan. This was offset by a distribution to our shareholders in the form of a one-time, special cash dividend equal to $499.8 million in the aggregate, of which approximately $1.3 million was paid during the fourth quarter of 2005. During the nine months ended September 30, 2006, we completed an IPO, including the exercise in full by the underwriters of their over-allotment option, and a senior notes offering, which resulted in gross proceeds received of $344.1 million and $498.5 million,
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respectively. To date, we have paid issuance costs of approximately $26.5 million in association with these offerings. We utilized $500.0 million of the net funds received to repay our term loan.
Over the next year, we currently expect to pay approximately $265 million in claims related to Hurricanes Katrina, Rita and Wilma and approximately $35 million in claims relating to the 2004 hurricanes and typhoons net of reinsurance recoverable. On November 8, 2006, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.15 per common share, or approximately $9.0 million in aggregate, payable on December 21, 2006 to the shareholders of record as of December 5, 2006. We anticipate that, through the end of 2007, expenditures of approximately $11 million and $5 million will be required for leasehold improvements and furniture and fixtures for our newly rented premises in Bermuda and information technology infrastructure and systems enhancements, respectively. We expect our operating cash flows, together with our existing capital base, to be sufficient to meet these requirements and to operate our business. Our funds are primarily invested in liquid high-grade fixed income securities. As of September 30, 2006, including a high-yield bond fund, 99% of our fixed income portfolio consisted of investment grade securities compared to 98% as of December 31, 2005. As of September 30, 2006, net accumulated unrealized gains, net of income taxes, were $3.4 million compared to net accumulated unrealized losses, net of income taxes, of $25.5 million as of December 31, 2005. This change reflected both movements in interest rates and the recognition of approximately $13.3 million of realized losses on securities that were considered to be impaired on an other than temporary basis because of the change in interest rates. The maturity distribution of our fixed income portfolio (on a market value basis) as of September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005 was as follows:
September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
2006 | 2005 | |||||||
($ in millions) | ||||||||
Due in one year or less | $ | 178.8 | $ | 381.5 | ||||
Due after one year through five years | 2,707.9 | 2,716.0 | ||||||
Due after five years through ten years | 569.5 | 228.6 | ||||||
Due after ten years | 112.8 | 2.1 | ||||||
Mortgage-backed | 1,456.8 | 846.1 | ||||||
Asset-backed | 258.0 | 216.2 | ||||||
Total | $ | 5,283.8 | $ | 4,390.5 | ||||
We do not believe that inflation has had a material effect on our consolidated results of operations. The potential exists, after a catastrophe loss, for the development of inflationary pressures in a local economy. The effects of inflation are considered implicitly in pricing. Loss reserves are established to recognize likely loss settlements at the date payment is made. Those reserves inherently recognize the effects of inflation. The actual effects of inflation on our results cannot be accurately known, however, until claims are ultimately resolved.
Financial Strength Ratings
Financial strength ratings and senior unsecured debt ratings represent the opinions of rating agencies on our capacity to meet our obligations. Some of our reinsurance treaties contain special funding and termination clauses that are triggered in the event that we or one of our subsidiaries is downgraded by one of the major rating agencies to levels specified in the treaties, or our capital is significantly reduced. If such an event were to happen, we would be required, in certain instances, to post collateral in the form of letters of creditand/or trust accounts against existing outstanding losses, if any, related to the treaty. In a limited number of instances, the subject treaties could be cancelled retroactively or commuted by the cedant and might affect our ability to write business.
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The following were our financial strength ratings as of November 10, 2006:
A.M. Best | A/stable | |
Moody’s | A2/stable* | |
Standard & Poor’s | A-/stable |
* | Moody’s financial strength ratings are for the company’s Bermuda and U.S. operating subsidiaries. |
The following were our senior unsecured debt ratings as of November 10, 2006:
A.M. Best | bbb/stable | |
Moody’s | Baa1/stable | |
Standard & Poor’s | BBB/stable |
Long-Term Debt
On March 30, 2005, we borrowed $500.0 million under a credit agreement, dated as of that date, by and among the company, Bank of America, N. A., as administrative agent, Wachovia Bank, National Association, as syndication agent, and a syndicate of other banks. The loan carried a floating rate of interest, which was based on the Federal Funds Rate, prime rate or LIBOR plus an applicable margin, and had a final maturity on March 30, 2012. On April 21, 2005, we entered into certain interest rate swaps in order to fix the interest cost of the floating rate borrowing. These swaps were terminated with an effective date of June 30, 2006, resulting in cash proceeds of approximately $5.9 million. As of July 26, 2006, this debt was fully repaid using a portion of the net proceeds from both our IPO, including the exercise in full by the underwriters of their over-allotment option, and our senior notes offering.
On July 21, 2006, we issued $500.0 aggregate principal amount of 7.50% senior notes due August 1, 2016, with interest payable August 1 and February 1 each year, commencing February 1, 2007. We can redeem the senior notes prior to maturity, subject to payment of a “make-whole” premium, however, we currently have no intention of redeeming the notes. The senior notes include certain covenants that include:
• | Limitation on liens on stock of designated subsidiaries; | |
• | Limitation as to the disposition of stock of designated subsidiaries; and | |
• | Limitations on mergers, amalgamations, consolidations or sale of assets. |
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of September 30, 2006, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk. |
We believe that we are principally exposed to three types of market risk: interest rate risk, credit risk and currency risk.
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The fixed income securities in our investment portfolio are subject to interest rate risk. Any change in interest rates has a direct effect on the market values of fixed income securities. As interest rates rise, the market values fall, and vice versa. We estimate that an immediate adverse parallel shift in the U.S. Treasury yield curve of 200 basis points would cause an aggregate decrease in the market value of our investment portfolio (excluding cash and cash equivalents) of approximately $326.0 million, or 5.9%, on our portfolio valued at approximately $5.5 billion as of September 30, 2006, as set forth in the following table:
Interest Rate Shift in Basis Points | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
−200 | −100 | −50 | −0 | +50 | +100 | +200 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
($ in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total market value | $ | 5,875.4 | $ | 5,708.1 | $ | 5,623.9 | $ | 5,540.8 | $ | 5,458.8 | $ | 5,377.8 | $ | 5,214.8 | ||||||||||||||
Market value change from base | 334.6 | 167.3 | 83.1 | 0 | (82.0 | ) | (163.0 | ) | (326.0 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Change in unrealized appreciation | 334.6 | 167.3 | 83.1 | 0 | (82.0 | ) | (163.0 | ) | (326.0 | ) |
As a holder of fixed income securities, we also have exposure to credit risk. In an effort to minimize this risk, our investment guidelines have been defined to ensure that the assets held are well diversified and are primarily high-quality securities. As of September 30, 2006, approximately 99% of our fixed income investments (which includes individually held securities and securities held in a high-yield bond fund) consisted of investment grade securities. We were not exposed to any significant concentrations of credit risk.
As of September 30, 2006, we held $1,456.8 million, or 24.8%, of our aggregate invested assets in mortgage-backed securities. These assets are exposed to prepayment risk, which occurs when holders of individual mortgages increase the frequency with which they prepay the outstanding principal before the maturity date to refinance at a lower interest rate cost. Given the proportion that these securities comprise of the overall portfolio, and the current interest rate environment, prepayment risk is not considered significant at this time.
As of September 30, 2006, we have invested $200 million in four hedge funds, the market value of which was $225.3 million. Investments in hedge funds involve certain risks related to, among other things, the illiquid nature of the fund shares, the limited operating history of the fund, as well as risks associated with the strategies employed by the managers of the funds. The funds’ objectives are generally to seek attractive long-term returns with lower volatility by investing in a range of diversified investment strategies. As our reserves and capital continue to build, we may consider additional investments in these or other alternative investments.
The U.S. dollar is our reporting currency and the functional currency of all of our operating subsidiaries. We enter into insurance and reinsurance contracts where the premiums receivable and losses payable are denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. In addition, we maintain a portion of our investments and liabilities in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, primarily Euro, British Sterling and the Canadian dollar. Assets innon-U.S. currencies are generally converted into U.S. dollars at the time of receipt. When we incur a liability in anon-U.S. currency, we carry such liability on our books in the original currency. These liabilities are converted from thenon-U.S. currency to U.S. dollars at the time of payment. As a result, we have an exposure to foreign currency risk resulting from fluctuations in exchange rates.
As of September 30, 2006, 1.8% of our aggregate invested assets were denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar compared to 1.7% as of December 31, 2005. Of our business written in the nine months ended September 30, 2006, approximately 14% was written in currencies other than the U.S. dollar compared to approximately 15% for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. Of our business written in the year ended December 31, 2005, approximately 15% was written in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. With the increasing exposure from our expansion in Europe, we developed a hedging strategy during 2004 in order to minimize the potential loss of value caused by currency fluctuations. Thus, a hedging program was implemented in the second quarter of 2004 using foreign currency forward contract derivatives that expire in 90 days.
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Our foreign exchange gains (losses) for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 and the year ended December 31, 2005 are set forth in the chart below.
Nine Months | Year | |||||||||||
Ended | Ended | |||||||||||
September 30, | December 31 | |||||||||||
2006 | 2005 | 2005 | ||||||||||
($ in millions) | ||||||||||||
Realized exchange gains (losses) | $ | 1.4 | $ | (4.1 | ) | $ | (0.2 | ) | ||||
Unrealized exchange (losses) gains | (0.9 | ) | 3.6 | (2.0 | ) | |||||||
Foreign exchange gains (losses) | $ | 0.5 | $ | (0.5 | ) | $ | (2.2 | ) | ||||
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures. |
In connection with the preparation of this quarterly report, our management has performed an evaluation, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined inRule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”)) as of September 30, 2006. Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by SEC rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosures. Based on their evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of September 30, 2006, our company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective. We are a non-accelerated filer and will not be subject to the internal control reporting and disclosure requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 until our annual report onForm 10-K for the fiscal year 2007. As such, we are not required to disclose any material changes in our company’s internal control over financial reporting until we are subject to these requirements, in accordance with the guidance from the Division of Corporation Finance and Office of the Chief Accountant of the SEC contained in Question 9 of the release captioned Frequently Asked Questions (revised October 6, 2004).
Note on Forward-Looking Statements
This report may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 that involve inherent risks and uncertainties. Statements that are not historical facts, including statements that use terms such as “believes,” “anticipates,” “intends” or “expects” and that relate to our plans and objectives for future operations, are forward-looking statements. In light of the risks and uncertainties inherent in all forward-looking statements, the inclusion of such statements in this report should not be considered as a representation by us or any other person that our objectives or plans will be achieved. These statements are based on current plans, estimates and expectations. Actual results may differ materially from those projected in such forward-looking statements and therefore you should not place undue reliance on them. A non-exclusive list of the important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in such forward-looking statements includes the following: (a) the effects of competitors’ pricing policies, and of changes in laws and regulations on competition, including industry consolidation and development of competing financial products; (b) the effects of investigations into market practices, in particular insurance brokerage practices, together with any legal or regulatory proceedings, related settlements and industry reform or other changes arising therefrom; (c) the impact of acts of terrorism and acts of war; (d) greater frequency or severity of claims and loss activity, including as a result of natural or man-made catastrophic events, than our underwriting, reserving or investment practices have anticipated; (e) increased competition due to an increase in capacity of property and casualty insurers or reinsurers; (f) the inability to obtain or maintain financial strength ratings by one or more of the company’s subsidiaries; (g) the adequacy of our loss reserves and the need to adjust such reserves as claims develop over time; (h) the company or one of its subsidiaries becoming subject to significant income taxes in the United States or elsewhere; (i) changes in regulations or tax laws applicable to the company, its subsidiaries, brokers or customers; (j) changes in the
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availability, cost or quality of reinsurance or retrocessional coverage; (k) loss of key personnel; (l) changes in general economic conditions, including inflation, foreign currency exchange rates, interest rates and other factors that could affect the company’s investment portfolio; and (m) such other risk factors as may be discussed in our most recent documents on file with the SEC. We are under no obligation (and expressly disclaim any such obligation) to update or revise any forward-looking statement that may be made from time to time, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise.
PART II
OTHER INFORMATION
OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings. |
On or about November 8, 2005, we received a Civil Investigative Demand (“CID”) from the Antitrust and Civil Medicaid Fraud Division of the Office of the Attorney General of Texas, which relates to an investigation into (1) the possibility of restraint of trade in one or more markets within the State of Texas arising out of our business relationships with AIG and Chubb, and (2) certain insurance and insurance brokerage practices, including those relating to contingent commissions and false quotes, which are also the subject of industry-wide investigations and class action litigation. Specifically, the CID seeks information concerning our relationship with our investors, and in particular, AIG and Chubb, including their role in our business, sharing of business information and any agreements not to compete. The CID also seeks information regarding (i) contingent commission, placement service or other agreements that we may have had with brokers or producers, and (ii) the possibility of the provision of any non-competitive bids by us in connection with the placement of insurance. We are cooperating in this ongoing investigation, and we have produced documents and other information in response to the CID. While the full scope and outcome of the investigation by the Attorney General of Texas cannot currently be predicted, based on our discussions with representatives of the Attorney General of Texas on May 26, 2006, the investigation is expected to proceed to litigation, enforcement proceedings or a voluntary settlement. This is likely to result in civil penalties, restitution to policyholders or other remedial efforts that would be adverse to us. In connection with the investigation and our review relating to certain insurance brokerage practices, our Chief Underwriting Officer was suspended indefinitely. The outcome of the investigation is also likely to form a basis for investigations, civil litigation or enforcement proceedings by other state regulators, by policyholders or by other private parties, or other voluntary settlements that could have material adverse effects on us. At this stage in this matter, we cannot estimate, for purposes of reserving or otherwise, the severity of an adverse result or settlement on our results of operations, financial condition, growth prospects and financial strength ratings but the impact could be material.
On April 4, 2006, a complaint was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia (Atlanta Division) by a group of several corporations and certain of their related entities in an action entitled New Cingular Wireless Headquarters, LLC et al, as plaintiffs, against certain defendants, including Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc., Marsh Inc. and Aon Corporation, in their capacities as insurance brokers, and 78 insurers, including our insurance subsidiary in Bermuda, Allied World Assurance Company, Ltd.
The action generally relates to broker defendants’ placement of insurance contracts for plaintiffs with the 78 insurer defendants. Plaintiffs maintain that the defendants used a variety of illegal schemes and practices designed to, among other things, allocate customers, rig bids for insurance products and raise the prices of insurance products paid by the plaintiffs. In addition, plaintiffs allege that the broker defendants steered policyholders’ business to preferred insurer defendants. Plaintiffs claim that as a result of these practices, policyholders either paid more for insurance products or received less beneficial terms than the competitive market would have charged. The eight counts in the complaint allege, among other things, (i) unreasonable restraints of trade and conspiracy in violation of the Sherman Act, (ii) violations of the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act, or RICO, (iii) that broker defendants breached their fiduciary duties to plaintiffs, (iv) that insurer defendants participated in and induced this alleged breach of fiduciary duty, (v) unjust enrichment, (vi) common law fraud by broker defendants and (vii) statutory and consumer fraud under the laws of certain U.S. states. Plaintiffs seek equitable and legal remedies, including injunctive relief, unquantified consequential and punitive damages, and treble damages under the Sherman Act and RICO. On
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October 16, 2006, the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation ordered that the litigation be transferred to the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey for inclusion in the coordinated or consolidated pretrial proceedings occurring in that court. Neither Allied World Assurance Company, Ltd nor any of the other defendants have responded to the complaint. Because this matter is in an early stage, the company cannot estimate the possible range of loss, if any.
We may become involved in various claims and legal proceedings that arise in the normal course of our business, which are not likely to have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
Item 1A. | Risk Factors. |
This item requires disclosure of any material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed in a registrant’s most recent annual report onForm 10-K. We became subject to SEC reporting requirements on July 11, 2006 and have not filed an annual report onForm 10-K with the SEC. There have been no material changes from the risk factors disclosed in the “Risk Factors” section of our Registration Statement onForm S-1/A (FileNo. 333-132507), filed with the SEC on July 7, 2006.
Item 2. | Unregistered Sale of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds. |
On July 7, 2006, we consummated a1-for-3 reverse stock split of our common shares prior to and in connection with the completion of our IPO. In connection with this1-for-3 reverse stock split, we repurchased an aggregate of 24.59 common shares, in lieu of issuing any fractional shares, from certain of our pre-IPO shareholders at a price of $34.00 per share (the equivalent of our IPO price per share), for an aggregate consideration of approximately $836.
Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities. |
None.
Item 4. | Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders. |
None.
Item 5. | Other Information. |
None.
Item 6. | Exhibits. |
Exhibit | ||||
Number | Description | |||
10 | .1(1) | Form of Termination Consent among Allied World Assurance Company Holdings, Ltd and its current shareholders | ||
10 | .2 | Amendment to Warrants to Purchase Common Shares of Allied World Assurance Company Holdings, Ltd, dated as of August 1, 2006, by and among Allied World Assurance Company Holdings, Ltd and GS Capital Partners 2000, L.P.; GS Capital Partners 2000 Offshore, L.P.; GS Capital Partners 2000, GmbH & Co. Beteiligungs KG; GS Capital Partners 2000 Employee Fund, L.P.; Stone Street Fund 2000, L.P.; and Bridge Street Special Opportunities Fund 2000, L.P. | ||
10 | .3(2) | Form of Indemnification Agreement | ||
10 | .4 | Addendum to Schedule B, effective as of September 25, 2006, to the Master Services Agreement by and between Allied World Assurance Company, Ltd and AIG Technologies, Inc. | ||
31 | .1 | Certification by Chief Executive Officer, as required by Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | ||
31 | .2 | Certification by Chief Financial Officer, as required by Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | ||
32 | .1* | Certification by Chief Executive Officer, as required by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | ||
32 | .2* | Certification by Chief Financial Officer, as required by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
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(1) | Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the registration statement onForm S-1 (FileNo. 333-132507) of Allied World Assurance Company Holdings, Ltd, filed with the SEC on March 17, 2006, as amended. | |
(2) | Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the current report onForm 8-K of Allied World Assurance Company Holdings, Ltd, filed with the SEC on August 7, 2006. | |
* | These certifications are being furnished solely pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (subsections (a) and (b) of Section 1350, chapter 63 of title 18 United States Code) and are not being filed as part of this report. |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
ALLIED WORLD ASSURANCE COMPANY HOLDINGS, LTD
Dated: November 14, 2006 | /s/ Scott A. Carmilani Name: Scott A. Carmilani Title: President and Chief Executive Officer | |
Dated: November 14, 2006 | /s/ Joan H. Dillard Name: Joan H. Dillard Title: Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
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EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit | ||||
Number | Description | |||
10 | .1(1) | Form of Termination Consent among Allied World Assurance Company Holdings, Ltd and its current shareholders | ||
10 | .2 | Amendment to Warrants to Purchase Common Shares of Allied World Assurance Company Holdings, Ltd, dated as of August 1, 2006, by and among Allied World Assurance Company Holdings, Ltd and GS Capital Partners 2000, L.P.; GS Capital Partners 2000 Offshore, L.P.; GS Capital Partners 2000, GmbH & Co. Beteiligungs KG; GS Capital Partners 2000 Employee Fund, L.P.; Stone Street Fund 2000, L.P.; and Bridge Street Special Opportunities Fund 2000, L.P. | ||
10 | .3(2) | Form of Indemnification Agreement | ||
10 | .4 | Addendum to Schedule B, effective as of September 25, 2006, to the Master Services Agreement by and between Allied World Assurance Company, Ltd and AIG Technologies, Inc. | ||
31 | .1 | Certification by Chief Executive Officer, as required by Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | ||
31 | .2 | Certification by Chief Financial Officer, as required by Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | ||
32 | .1* | Certification by Chief Executive Officer, as required by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | ||
32 | .2* | Certification by Chief Financial Officer, as required by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
(1) | Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the registration statement onForm S-1 (FileNo. 333-132507) of Allied World Assurance Company Holdings, Ltd, filed with the SEC on March 17, 2006, as amended. | |
(2) | Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the current report onForm 8-K of Allied World Assurance Company Holdings, Ltd, filed with the SEC on August 7, 2006. | |
* | These certifications are being furnished solely pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (subsections (a) and (b) of Section 1350, chapter 63 of title 18 United States Code) and are not being filed as part of this report. |
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Exhibit 10.2
Amendment
to
Warrants to Purchase Common Shares of
Allied World Assurance Company Holdings, Ltd
to
Warrants to Purchase Common Shares of
Allied World Assurance Company Holdings, Ltd
This Amendment to Warrants to Purchase Common Shares of Allied World Assurance Company Holdings, Ltd (f/k/a Allied World Assurance Holdings, Ltd (the “Company”)), dated as of August 1, 2006, is entered into by and among the Company and GS Capital Partners 2000, L.P.; GS Capital Partners 2000 Offshore, L.P.; GS Capital Partners 2000, GmbH & Co. Beteiligungs KG; GS Capital Partners 2000 Employee Fund, L.P.; Stone Street Fund 2000, L.P.; and Bridge Street Special Opportunities Fund 2000, L.P. (collectively, the “GS Funds”), and shall be deemed effective as of the closing date of the IPO (as defined below).
WHEREAS, on November 21, 2001 the Company issued warrants (the “Warrants”) to purchase common shares, par value U.S. $0.01 per share, of the Company (“Common Stock”), which included shares of voting common stock, par value U.S. $0.01 per share, of the Company (“Voting Common Stock”), non-voting common stock, par value U.S. $0.01 per share, of the Company (“Non-Voting Common Stock”) or both, upon the terms and conditions contained therein, to the GS Funds;
WHEREAS, pursuant to a Registration Statement on Form S-1, dated March 17, 2006, as amended, on July 17, 2006, the Company completed an initial public offering of its common shares, and listed such common shares (the “IPO”), and immediately prior to the completion of the IPO, the Shareholders Agreement, dated as of November 21, 2001, between the Company and shareholders of the Company named therein (including the GS Funds), as amended (the “Shareholders Agreement”), was terminated and became of no further force and effect;
WHEREAS, on July 7, 2006, the Company effectuated a 1-for-3 reverse stock split that reduced the number of shares underlying the Warrants from an aggregate of 16,500,000 to 5,500,000 (including, in both instances, the shares underlying Warrants issued to GS Funds and the other Industry Founders), and changed the par value of the Common Stock, Voting Common Stock and Non-Voting Common Stock from $0.01 per share to $0.03 per share;
WHEREAS, immediately prior to the completion of the IPO, the Bye-Laws of the Company were amended and restated; and
WHEREAS, the Company and the GS Funds wish to amend the GS Funds’ Warrants as provided herein;
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, that:
1. | Amendment to Section l(d)(i). The words “Section 5.1 of the Shareholders Agreement” in clause (C) of Section 1(d)(i) of each GS Fund’s Warrant is hereby replaced with the words “Section 64 of the Bye-laws as in effect on July 17, 2006 immediately after the amendment and restatement thereof on such date (as amended and restated, the “Amended Bye-Laws”); and |
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2. | Amendment to Section 1(e). Section 1(e) of each GS Fund’s Warrant is hereby amended and restated to read as follows: |
“The Common Stock issued upon each exercise of this Warrant that is owned within the meaning of Sections 958(a) or 958(b) of the Code by a Founder (other than an Industry Founder) or any of such Founder’s Affiliates as defined in the Amended Bye-Laws shall be Non-Voting Common Stock, provided that, subject to the Ownership Limits set forth in Section 64 of the Amended Bye-laws, such shares shall convert to Voting Common Stock after the date such Common Stock is no longer so owned. For issuances not governed by the preceding sentence, the Common Stock issued upon each exercise of this Warrant shall be Voting Common Stock to the maximum extent possible without such exercise causing any Person to exceed the Ownership Limits set forth in Section 64 of the Amended Bye-laws, and all other Common Stock (if any) issued on such exercise shall be Non-Voting Common Stock unless the Holder requests Non-Voting Common Stock in the Notice of Exercise, in which case the Common Stock issued upon such exercise shall be Non-Voting Common Stock at least to the extent so requested. In determining the maximum amount of Voting Common Stock to be issued upon any exercise of this Warrant, effect shall be given to any Offsetting Transaction.”
The GS Funds’ Warrants, as amended by this amendment (and giving effect to the termination of the Shareholders Agreement), shall remain in fill force and effect. This amendment shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.
This amendment may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, and all of which shall be deemed to constitute a single document.
[Remainder of this Page Intentionally Left Blank]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have executed this amendment as of the date first written above.
ALLIED WORLD ASSURANCE COMPANY HOLDINGS, LTD | ||||
By: | /s/ Wesley D. Dupont | |||
Name: Wesley D. Dupont | ||||
Title: SVP & General Counsel | ||||
GS CAPITAL PARTNERS 2000, L.P. | ||||
By: | GS Advisors 2000, L.L.C., its general partner | |||
By: | /s/ Christine Serfin | |||
Name: Christine Serfin | ||||
Title: Vice President | ||||
GS CAPITAL PARTNERS 2000 OFFSHORE, L.P. | ||||
By: GS Advisors 2000, L.L.C., its general partner | ||||
By: | /s/ Christine Serfin | |||
Name: Christine Serfin | ||||
Title: Vice President | ||||
GS CAPITAL PARTNERS 2000 GMBH & CO. BETEILIGUNGS KG | ||||
By: | Goldman Sachs Management GP GmbH, its general partner | |||
By: | /s/ Christine Serfin | |||
Name: Christine Serfin | ||||
Title: Attorney-in-Fact |
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BRIDGE STREET SPECIAL OPPORTUNITIES FUND 2000, L.P. | ||||
By: | Bridge Street Special Opportunities 2000, L.L.C., its general partner | |||
By: | /s/ Christine Serfin | |||
Name: Christine Serfin | ||||
Title: Vice President |
GS CAPITAL PARTNERS 2000 EMPLOYEE FUND, L.P. | ||||
By: | GS Employee Funds 2000, L.L.C., its general partner | |||
By: | /s/ Christine Serfin | |||
Name: Christine Serfin | ||||
Title: Vice President |
STONE STREET FUND 2000, L.P. | ||||
By: | Stone Street 2000, L.L.C., its general partner | |||
By: | /s/ Christine Serfin | |||
Name: Christine Serfin | ||||
Title: Vice President |
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Exhibit 10.4
ADDENDUM TO SCHEDULE B
This Addendum (this“Addendum”) is effective as of September 25, 2006 (the“Effective Date”) by and between AIG Technologies, Inc. (“AIGT”) and Allied World Assurance Company, Ltd and its Affiliates (“Customer”) and is hereby made part of and incorporated into that certain Master Services Agreement (the“Agreement”) between AIGT and Customer dated as of May 9, 2006.
The parties have entered into the Agreement for the provision of certain rights, services, resources, and deliverables to Customer by AIGT. Schedule E of the Agreement contemplates that the parties hereto may enter into an addendum to Schedule B (Fees and Services) in connection with optional products, services, resources or deliverables being provided by AIGT to Customer.
NOW, THEREFORE, for and in consideration of the foregoing premises, and the agreements of the parties set forth below, Customer and AIGT agree as follows:
1 Service Overview
AIGT will oversee design, engineer and implement:
AIGT will oversee design, engineer and implement:
– | A dedicated Customer NT4 Domain. |
• | User permissions to be maintained to AIGT standards. | ||
• | Current group policies to be maintained. |
– | Three regional data centers (Customer facilities) located in London, New York and Bermuda, each consisting of the following components as deemed necessary: |
• | An exchange 5.5 Messaging server. |
• | BlackBerry server. |
• | File server. |
• | Tape backup equipment. |
To support ~235 Customer’s users; 40 European, 45 US, 150 Bermuda. | |||
– | Customer to procure all necessary hardware/software based on AIGT standards. | ||
– | The Customer equipment will be setup by AIGT personnel mutually agreed upon by AIGT and Customer, which setup shall conform to AIGT’s standards at the Customer’s data centers on the Customer side of the firewalls currently in place. | ||
– | A temporary two way domain trust will be implemented between Customer and AIGT during the transition period and administered by AIGT personnel. | ||
– | The Customer-AIGT domain trust will be removed by mutual agreement of AIGT and Customer. |
The following diagram provides a logical representation of the Customer’s data centers with AIGT connectivity.
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2 | Customer Responsibilities: |
– | In connection solely with the products and services described in this Addendum, Customer shall order, purchase and procure equipment, software, licenses and perform on-going maintenance of the procured equipment and software, reasonably in accordance with communicated guidelines of AIGT, in a timely fashion conforming to AIGT’s engineering, operations and OCIO requirements and standards. | ||
– | Provide all Customer related application and desktop related user remediation. | ||
– | Provide tape cycling and backup tapes as required. |
3 | Product, Services and Pricing: |
3.1 | BlackBerry | ||
Customer to provide all hardware, software, handheld devices and carrier service contracts, as mutually agreed upon by AIGT and Customer. | |||
Pricing | |||
Valid with AIGT email contract only. | |||
Unit of charge: BlackBerry users | |||
One-time professional services charge: Forty-Six Thousand Nine Hundred Twenty Dollars ($46,920.00) payable upon execution of this Addendum. | |||
Current Volume: 114 | |||
3.2 | Wintel Field Server | ||
Customer to provide all hardware and software, as mutually agreed upon by AIGT and Customer. | |||
Included in this product: |
– | Incident management | ||
– | Security management | ||
– | Hardware management | ||
– | Networking |
Service Levels: | |||
All Service Level objectives that are relevant to this product are the responsibility of AIGT. |
– | Operational window - 7 X 24 X 365; Must include maintenance window for four (4) hours weekly. | ||
– | Availability – best effort |
Pricing | |||
Unit of charge: Image | |||
Monthly Maintenance Charge: $1,346.40 per image | |||
Per actual volume: billed at usage | |||
3.3 | Public Folders | ||
Pricing | |||
Unit of Charge: Per folder | |||
Monthly Charge: $4.68 per Folder | |||
Per actual volume: billed at usage |
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3.4 | Help Desk & Dispatch Services |
Service Levels: | |||
– | AIGT to provide helpdesk services and packaging and distribution of security-related patches and fixes, service pack upgrades and antivirus software components. | ||
– | Hardware break/fix maintenance, desk side software support. |
Pricing | ||
Unit of Charge: Per Customer US user | ||
Monthly Charge: $120 per User | ||
Per actual volume: billed at usage | ||
4. | Travel and Living Expenses | |
Pricing | ||
Any travel and reasonable expenses related thereto incurred by AIGT shall be billed to Customer at actual cost. Travel requests and an accounting of anticipated related expenses and costs must be agreed to in advance in writing by both parties. |
5. Except as expressly modified herein in connection with the additional products, services, resources or deliverables to be provided hereunder, all terms and conditions of the Agreement shall continue in full force and effect as set forth in the Agreement. All capitalized terms used in this Addendum but not defined herein shall have the same meanings ascribed to such terms as set forth in the Agreement. Each party represents and warrants to the other party that this Addendum has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by it and constitutes a valid and legally binding agreement with respect to the subject matter contained herein. Each party agrees that the Agreement, as amended by this Addendum, constitutes the complete and exclusive statement of the agreement between the parties, and supersedes all prior proposals and understandings, oral and written, relating to the subject matter contained herein. This Addendum is to be construed in accordance with and governed by the internal laws of the State of New York (as permitted by Section 5-1401 of the New York General Obligations Law or any similar successor provision) without giving effect to any choice of law rule that would cause the application of the laws of any jurisdiction other than the internal laws of the State of New York to the rights and duties of the parties. Any legal suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Addendum shall be commenced in a federal court in the Southern District of New York or in state court in the County of New York, New York, and each party hereto irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction and venue of any such court in any such suit, action or proceeding. Except for actions for nonpayment, neither AIGT nor Customer may bring a claim or action more than two (2) years after the cause of action arose. This Addendum shall not be modified or rescinded except in a writing signed by the parties.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF,the parties have caused this Addendum to be executed by their duly authorized representatives as of the Effective Date.
AIG Technologies, Inc. | Allied World Assurance Company, Ltd | |||||
By: | /s/ Mark S. Popolano | By: | /s/ Scott Carmilani | |||
Name: | Mark S. Popolano | Name: | Scott Carmilani | |||
Title: | President | Title: | President | |||
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Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION
I, Scott A. Carmilani, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this quarterly report onForm 10-Q of Allied World Assurance Company Holdings, Ltd;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange ActRules 13a-15(e) and15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have:
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b) [Omitted in accordance with the guidance of SEC ReleaseNo. 33-8238];
(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent function):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Dated: November 14, 2006 | /s/ Scott A. Carmilani Name: Scott A. Carmilani Title: President and Chief Executive Officer |
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Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION
I, Joan H. Dillard, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this quarterly report onForm 10-Q of Allied World Assurance Company Holdings, Ltd;
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange ActRules 13a-15(e) and15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have:
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b) [Omitted in accordance with the guidance of SEC ReleaseNo. 33-8238];
(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent function):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Dated: November 14, 2006 | /s/ Joan H. Dillard Name: Joan H. Dillard Title: Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |