Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses | Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses Loans Held for Sale Loans held for sale are comprised entirely of 1-4 family residential mortgage loans as of December 31, 2023 and 2022. Loans Held for Investment The following table presents amortized cost and unpaid principal balance of loans for the periods indicated: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 (In Thousands) Amortized Cost Unpaid Principal Difference Amortized Cost Unpaid Principal Difference Commercial & industrial loans $411,387 $413,293 ($1,906) $358,128 $359,900 ($1,772) Commercial real estate: Owner occupied properties 366,741 368,357 (1,616) 349,973 351,580 (1,607) Non-owner occupied and multifamily properties 515,528 519,115 (3,587) 482,270 486,021 (3,751) Residential real estate: 1-4 family residential properties secured by first liens 203,738 203,534 204 73,381 73,674 (293) 1-4 family residential properties secured by junior liens and revolving secured by 1-4 family first liens 33,996 33,783 213 20,259 20,103 156 1-4 family residential construction loans 30,976 31,239 (263) 44,000 44,314 (314) Other construction, land development and raw land loans 148,373 149,788 (1,415) 99,182 100,075 (893) Obligations of states and political subdivisions in the US 30,407 30,409 (2) 32,539 32,540 (1) Agricultural production, including commercial fishing 41,007 41,237 (230) 34,099 34,263 (164) Consumer loans 6,241 6,180 61 4,335 4,293 42 Other loans 1,103 1,118 (15) 3,619 3,632 (13) Total 1,789,497 1,798,053 (8,556) 1,501,785 1,510,395 (8,610) Allowance for credit losses (17,270) (13,838) $1,772,227 $1,798,053 ($8,556) $1,487,947 $1,510,395 ($8,610) The difference between the amortized cost and unpaid principal balance is primarily net deferred origination fees totaling $8.6 million at both December 31, 2023 and 2022. Accrued interest on loans, which is excluded from the amortized cost of loans held for investment, totaled $7.4 million and $5.5 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and was included in other assets Amortized cost in the above table includes $2.8 million and $7.1 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, in PPP loans administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration (“SBA”) within the Commercial & industrial loan segment. At December 31, 2023, approximately 72% of the Company’s loans, excluding PPP loans, are secured by real estate and 4% are unsecured. Approximately 24% are for general commercial uses, including professional, retail, and small businesses. Repayment is expected from the borrowers’ cash flow or, secondarily, the collateral. The Company’s exposure to credit loss, if any, is the outstanding amount of the loan if the collateral is determined to be of no value. Allowance for Credit Losses The activity in the ACL related to loans held for investment for the periods indicated is as follows: Beginning Balance Credit Loss Expense (Benefit) Charge-offs Recoveries Ending Balance (In Thousands) 2023 Commercial & industrial loans $2,914 $415 ($337) $446 $3,438 Commercial real estate: Owner occupied properties 3,094 (227) — — 2,867 Non-owner occupied and multifamily properties 3,615 (321) — — 3,294 Residential real estate: 1-4 family residential properties secured by first liens 1,413 2,129 (72) — 3,470 1-4 family residential properties secured by junior liens and revolving secured by 1-4 family first liens 389 139 — 23 551 1-4 family residential construction loans 312 (121) — — 191 Other construction, land development and raw land loans 1,803 1,324 — — 3,127 Obligations of states and political subdivisions in the US 79 1 — — 80 Agricultural production, including commercial fishing 145 23 — — 168 Consumer loans 68 35 (26) 4 81 Other loans 6 (3) — — 3 Total $13,838 $3,394 ($435) $473 $17,270 Beginning Balance Credit Loss Expense (Benefit) Charge-offs Recoveries Ending Balance (In Thousands) 2022 Commercial & industrial loans $3,027 ($1,124) ($506) $1,517 $2,914 Commercial real estate: Owner occupied properties 3,176 (137) — 55 3,094 Non-owner occupied and multifamily properties 2,930 685 — — 3,615 Residential real estate: 1-4 family residential properties secured by first liens 439 969 — 5 1,413 1-4 family residential properties secured by junior liens and revolving secured by 1-4 family first liens 215 134 — 40 389 1-4 family residential construction loans 120 192 — — 312 Other construction, land development and raw land loans 1,635 168 — — 1,803 Obligations of states and political subdivisions in the US 32 47 — — 79 Agricultural production, including commercial fishing 91 39 — 15 145 Consumer loans 67 — (3) 4 68 Other loans 7 (1) — — 6 Total $11,739 $972 ($509) $1,636 $13,838 As of December 31, 2023 the ACL increased to $17.3 million, or 0.97% of portfolio loans and 1.02% of portfolio loans, net of government guarantees from $13.8 million, or 0.92% of portfolio loans and 0.99% of portfolio loans, net of government guarantees at December 31, 2022. The Company primarily uses a DCF method to estimate the ACL for loans and generally does not record an ACL for the government guaranteed portion of loans. The increase in the ACL for loans at December 31, 2023, as compared to December 31, 2022 is primarily due to an increase in non-government guaranteed loan balances as well as a decrease in estimated loan prepayment rates in the DCF model. This was only partially offset by a improvement in the Company's forecasted economic factors as of December 31, 2023 as compared to the forecast at December 31, 2022. Credit Quality Information As part of the on-going monitoring of the credit quality of the Company’s loan portfolio, management utilizes a loan risk grading system called the Asset Quality Rating (“AQR”) system to assign a risk classification to each of its loans. The risk classification is a dual rating system that contemplates both probability of default and risk of loss given default. Loans are graded on a scale of 1 to 10 and, loans graded 1 – 6 are considered “pass” grade loans. Loans graded 7 or higher are considered "classified" loans. A description of the general characteristics of the AQR risk classifications are as follows: Pass grade loans – 1 through 6: The borrower demonstrates sufficient cash flow to fund debt service, including acceptable profit margins, cash flows, liquidity and other balance sheet ratios. Historic and projected performance indicates that the borrower is able to meet obligations under most economic circumstances. The Company has competent management with an acceptable track record. The category does not include loans with undue or unwarranted credit risks that constitute identifiable weaknesses. Classified loans: Special Mention – 7: A "special mention" credit has weaknesses that deserve management's close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset at some future date. Substandard – 8: A "substandard" credit is inadequately protected by the current worth and paying capacity of the obligor or by the collateral pledged, if any. Assets so classified must have a well-defined weakness, or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful – 9: An asset classified "doubtful" has all the weaknesses inherent in one that is classified "substandard-8" with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently known facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. The loan has substandard characteristics, and available information suggests that it is unlikely that the loan will be repaid in its entirety. Loss – 10: An asset classified "loss" is considered uncollectible and of such little value that its continuance on the books is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the asset has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather that it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off this basically worthless asset, even though partial recovery may be affected in the future. The following tables present the Company's portfolio of risk-rated loans by grade and by year of origination. Management considers the guidance in ASC 310-20 when determining whether a modification, extension, or renewal of loan constitutes a current period origination. Generally, current period renewals of credit are re-underwritten at the point of renewal and considered current period originations for purposes of the table below. December 31, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Total (In Thousands) Commercial & industrial loans Pass $97,377 $123,874 $58,708 $24,177 $13,990 $44,674 $362,800 Classified 3,319 18,790 16,964 7,032 56 2,426 48,587 Total commercial & industrial loans $100,696 $142,664 $75,672 $31,209 $14,046 $47,100 $411,387 Commercial real estate: Owner occupied properties Pass $40,745 $70,925 $69,316 $82,339 $28,588 $71,930 $363,843 Classified — — — 1,115 1,783 2,898 Total commercial real estate owner occupied properties $40,745 $70,925 $69,316 $83,454 $28,588 $73,713 $366,741 Non-owner occupied and multifamily properties Pass $59,990 $96,532 $83,277 $67,037 $56,192 $143,619 $506,647 Classified — — — — — 8,881 8,881 Total commercial real estate non-owner occupied and multifamily properties $59,990 $96,532 $83,277 $67,037 $56,192 $152,500 $515,528 Residential real estate: 1-4 family residential properties secured by first liens Pass $139,829 $47,775 $4,119 $4,070 $2,240 $5,388 $203,421 Classified 224 — — — 93 317 Total residential real estate 1-4 family residential properties secured by first liens $140,053 $47,775 $4,119 $4,070 $2,240 $5,481 $203,738 1-4 family residential properties secured by junior liens and revolving secured by 1-4 family first liens Pass $16,145 $5,417 $3,331 $1,906 $2,277 $4,581 $33,657 Classified — — — — — 339 339 Total residential real estate 1-4 family residential properties secured by junior liens and revolving secured by 1-4 family first liens $16,145 $5,417 $3,331 $1,906 $2,277 $4,920 $33,996 1-4 family residential construction loans Pass $16,845 $4,469 $— $— $— $9,553 $30,867 Classified — — — — — 109 109 Total residential real estate 1-4 family residential construction loans $16,845 $4,469 $— $— $— $9,662 $30,976 Other construction, land development and raw land loans Pass $42,615 $58,714 $32,780 $1,982 $1,454 $7,896 $145,441 Classified — 1,175 — — — 1,757 2,932 Total other construction, land development and raw land loans $42,615 $59,889 $32,780 $1,982 $1,454 $9,653 $148,373 Obligations of states and political subdivisions in the US Pass $— $30,317 $— $— $— $90 $30,407 Classified — — — — — — — Total obligations of states and political subdivisions in the US $— $30,317 $— $— $— $90 $30,407 Agricultural production, including commercial fishing Pass $8,643 $9,649 $17,061 $3,465 $524 $1,665 $41,007 Classified — — — — — — — Total agricultural production, including commercial fishing $8,643 $9,649 $17,061 $3,465 $524 $1,665 $41,007 Consumer loans Pass $3,396 $983 $209 $368 $258 $1,026 $6,240 Classified 1 — — — — — 1 Total consumer loans $3,397 $983 $209 $368 $258 $1,026 $6,241 Other loans Pass $160 $77 $135 $592 $138 $1 $1,103 Classified — — — — — — — Total other loans $160 $77 $135 $592 $138 $1 $1,103 Total loans Pass $425,745 $448,732 $268,936 $185,936 $105,661 $290,423 $1,725,433 Classified 3,544 19,965 16,964 8,147 56 15,388 64,064 Total loans $429,289 $468,697 $285,900 $194,083 $105,717 $305,811 $1,789,497 Total pass loans $425,745 $448,732 $268,936 $185,936 $105,661 $290,423 $1,725,433 Government guarantees (2,792) (8,409) (19,305) (2,295) (12,133) (7,696) (52,630) Total pass loans, net of government guarantees $422,953 $440,323 $249,631 $183,641 $93,528 $282,727 $1,672,803 Total classified loans $3,544 $19,965 $16,964 $8,147 $56 $15,388 $64,064 Government guarantees — (16,805) (15,268) (7,043) — (11,311) (50,427) Total classified loans, net government guarantees $3,544 $3,160 $1,696 $1,104 $56 $4,077 $13,637 December 31, 2022 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Total (In Thousands) Commercial & industrial loans Pass $157,555 $86,543 $37,147 $17,881 $9,844 $40,571 $349,541 Classified 137 4,879 397 91 2,737 346 8,587 Total commercial & industrial loans $157,692 $91,422 $37,544 $17,972 $12,581 $40,917 $358,128 Commercial real estate: Owner occupied properties Pass $66,955 $70,777 $90,496 $32,564 $13,233 $69,701 $343,726 Classified — — 1,261 — 165 4,821 6,247 Total commercial real estate owner occupied properties $66,955 $70,777 $91,757 $32,564 $13,398 $74,522 $349,973 Non-owner occupied and multifamily properties Pass $94,412 $82,352 $71,407 $58,033 $16,905 $149,223 $472,332 Classified — — — 274 3 9,661 9,938 Total commercial real estate non-owner occupied and multifamily properties $94,412 $82,352 $71,407 $58,307 $16,908 $158,884 $482,270 Residential real estate: 1-4 family residential properties secured by first liens Pass $52,117 $5,088 $6,001 $2,535 $462 $6,968 $73,171 Classified — — — — 79 131 210 Total residential real estate 1-4 family residential properties secured by first liens $52,117 $5,088 $6,001 $2,535 $541 $7,099 $73,381 1-4 family residential properties secured by junior liens and revolving secured by 1-4 family first liens Pass $6,992 $3,376 $2,041 $2,763 $2,781 $2,060 $20,013 Classified — — — — 239 7 246 Total residential real estate 1-4 family residential properties secured by junior liens and revolving secured by 1-4 family first liens $6,992 $3,376 $2,041 $2,763 $3,020 $2,067 $20,259 1-4 family residential construction loans Pass $26,860 $3,897 $61 $— $— $13,073 $43,891 Classified — — — — — 109 109 Total residential real estate 1-4 family residential construction loans $26,860 $3,897 $61 $— $— $13,182 $44,000 Other construction, land development and raw land loans Pass $38,673 $42,448 $5,740 $1,713 $3,675 $5,112 $97,361 Classified — — — — 369 1,452 1,821 Total other construction, land development and raw land loans $38,673 $42,448 $5,740 $1,713 $4,044 $6,564 $99,182 Obligations of states and political subdivisions in the US Pass $32,319 $— $— $— $219 $1 $32,539 Classified — — — — — — — Total obligations of states and political subdivisions in the US $32,319 $— $— $— $219 $1 $32,539 Agricultural production, including commercial fishing Pass $9,748 $17,692 $3,740 $604 $879 $1,436 $34,099 Classified — — — — — — — Total agricultural production, including commercial fishing $9,748 $17,692 $3,740 $604 $879 $1,436 $34,099 Consumer loans Pass $1,513 $363 $481 $345 $235 $1,391 $4,328 Classified — — — — — 7 7 Total consumer loans $1,513 $363 $481 $345 $235 $1,398 $4,335 Other loans Pass $1,291 $330 $1,547 $384 $— $67 $3,619 Classified — — — — — — — Total other loans $1,291 $330 $1,547 $384 $— $67 $3,619 Total loans Pass $488,435 $312,866 $218,661 $116,822 $48,233 $289,603 $1,474,620 Classified 137 4,879 1,658 365 3,592 16,534 27,165 Total loans $488,572 $317,745 $220,319 $117,187 $51,825 $306,137 $1,501,785 Total pass loans $488,435 $312,866 $218,661 $116,822 $48,233 $289,603 $1,474,620 Government guarantees (25,172) (36,531) (9,751) (12,885) (2,964) (5,314) (92,617) Total pass loans, net of government guarantees $463,263 $276,335 $208,910 $103,937 $45,269 $284,289 $1,382,003 Total classified loans $137 $4,879 $1,658 $365 $3,592 $16,534 $27,165 Government guarantees — (4,396) (1,135) — — (9,293) (14,824) Total classified loans, net government guarantees $137 $483 $523 $365 $3,592 $7,241 $12,341 Past Due Loans The following tables present an aging of contractually past due loans as of the periods indicated: (In Thousands) 30-59 Days 60-89 Days Greater Than Total Past Current Total Greater Than 90 Days Past Due Still Accruing December 31, 2023 Commercial & industrial loans $326 $148 $1,253 $1,727 $409,660 $411,387 $— Commercial real estate: Owner occupied properties — — 260 260 366,481 366,741 — Non-owner occupied and multifamily properties — — — — 515,528 515,528 — Residential real estate: 1-4 family residential properties secured by first liens 458 — 224 682 203,056 203,738 — 1-4 family residential properties secured by junior liens and revolving secured by 1-4 family first liens 53 — 155 208 33,788 33,996 — 1-4 family residential construction loans — — 109 109 30,867 30,976 — Other construction, land development and raw land loans — — 1,545 1,545 146,828 148,373 — Obligations of states and political subdivisions in the US — — — — 30,407 30,407 — Agricultural production, including commercial fishing — — — — 41,007 41,007 — Consumer loans 18 1 — 19 6,222 6,241 — Other loans — — — — 1,103 1,103 — Total $855 $149 $3,546 $4,550 $1,784,947 $1,789,497 $— December 31, 2022 Commercial & industrial loans $37 $521 $56 $614 $357,514 $358,128 $— Commercial real estate: Owner occupied properties — — 798 798 349,175 349,973 — Non-owner occupied and multifamily properties — — 274 274 481,996 482,270 — Residential real estate: 1-4 family residential properties secured by first liens 60 79 72 211 73,170 73,381 — 1-4 family residential properties secured by junior liens and revolving secured by 1-4 family first liens 112 — 127 239 20,020 20,259 — 1-4 family residential construction loans — — 109 109 43,891 44,000 — Other construction, land development and raw land loans — — 1,545 1,545 97,637 99,182 — Obligations of states and political subdivisions in the US — — — — 32,539 32,539 — Agricultural production, including commercial fishing — — — — 34,099 34,099 — Consumer loans 6 80 — 86 4,249 4,335 — Other loans — — — — 3,619 3,619 — Total $215 $680 $2,981 $3,876 $1,497,909 $1,501,785 $— Nonaccrual Loans Nonaccrual loans net of government guarantees totaled $5.0 million and $6.4 million at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The following table presents loans on nonaccrual status and loans on nonaccrual status for which there was no related ACL: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 (In Thousands) Nonaccrual Nonaccrual With No ACL Nonaccrual Nonaccrual With No ACL Commercial & industrial loans $3,655 $3,651 $3,294 $3,287 Commercial real estate: Owner occupied properties 271 260 1,457 1,457 Non-owner occupied and multifamily properties — — 274 274 Residential real estate: 1-4 family residential properties secured by first liens 270 224 151 144 1-4 family residential properties secured by junior liens 219 176 246 198 1-4 family residential construction loans 109 109 109 109 Other construction, land development and raw land loans 1,545 1,545 1,545 1,545 Total nonaccrual loans 6,069 5,965 7,076 7,014 Government guarantees on nonaccrual loans (1,067) (1,067) (646) (646) Net nonaccrual loans $5,002 $4,898 $6,430 $6,368 Interest income which would have been earned on nonaccrual loans for 2023, 2022, and 2021 amounted to $499,000, $434,000, and $744,000, respectively. There was $8,000 and $10,000 in interest on nonaccrual loans reversed through interest income in 2023 and 2022, respectively. There was no interest earned on nonaccrual loans with a principal balance during 2023 or 2022. However, the Company recognized interest income of $656,000, $2.2 million, and $1.6 million in 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively, related to interest collected on nonaccrual loans whose principal has been paid down to zero. Loans are classified as collateral dependent when it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal and interest when due, and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the sale of the collateral. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, there are no collateral dependent loans for which foreclosure is probable. Loan Modifications The Company modifies loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty as a normal part of our business. These modifications include providing term extensions/modifications, payment modifications, interest rate modifications, or, on rare occasions, principal forgiveness. When principal forgiveness is provided, the amount of forgiveness is charged-off against the ACL. The Company may provide multiple types of concessions on one loan. As discussed in Note 1, the Company adopted ASU 2022-02 effective January 1, 2023. ASU 2022-02 eliminates the accounting guidance for loans classified as TDRs. TDRs totaled $5.1 million at December 31, 2022. The following table shows the amortized cost basis of the loans that were both experiencing financial difficulty and modified as of the dates indicated, by class and type of modification. The percentage of the amortized cost basis of loans that were modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty as compared to the amortized cost basis of each class of financing receivable is also presented below: December 31, 2023 Term Modification Payment Modification Term and payment modifications Total Modifications Percentage of Class of Financing Receivable (In Thousands) Commercial & industrial loans $956 $1,985 $— $2,941 0.71 % Commercial real estate: Owner occupied properties — — 260 260 0.07 % Residential real estate: 1-4 family residential properties secured by junior liens and revolving secured by 1-4 family first liens 115 — — 115 0.34 % 1-4 family residential construction loans 109 — — 109 0.35 % Other construction, land development and raw land loans 968 — 577 1,545 1.04 % Total $2,148 $1,985 $837 $4,970 0.28 % The Company has no outstanding commitments to the borrowers included in the previous table. The following table presents the financial effect of the loan modifications presented above to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty for the year ended December 31, 2023: December 31, 2023 Principal Forgiveness Weighted-Average Interest Rate Reduction Weighted-Average Term Extension (months) (In Thousands) Commercial & industrial loans $— — % 20 Commercial real estate: Owner occupied properties — — % 5 Residential real estate: 1-4 family residential properties secured by junior liens and revolving secured by 1-4 family first liens — — % 5 1-4 family residential construction loans — — % 5 Other construction, land development and raw land loans — — % 5 The Company monitors the performance of loans that are modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of its modification efforts. The following table presents the payment performance of such loans as of the dates indicated that were modified in the last twelve months: December 31, 2023 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due Greater Than 89 Days Past Due Total Past Due (In Thousands) Commercial & industrial loans $— $— $956 $956 Commercial real estate: Owner occupied properties — — 260 260 Residential real estate: 1-4 family residential properties secured by junior liens and revolving secured by 1-4 family first liens — — 115 115 1-4 family residential construction loans — — 109 109 Other construction, land development and raw land loans — — 1,545 1,545 Total $— $— $2,985 $2,985 The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans that had a payment default during 2023 and were modified in the twelve months prior to that default to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty: December 31, 2023 Term modification Term and payment modification (In Thousands) Commercial & industrial loans $956 $— Commercial real estate: Owner occupied properties — 260 Residential real estate: 1-4 family residential properties secured by junior liens and revolving secured by 1-4 family first liens 115 — 1-4 family residential construction loans 109 — Other construction, land development and raw land loans 968 577 Total $2,148 $837 Loans to Related Parties Certain directors, and companies of which directors are principal owners, and executive officers have loans with the Company. Such transactions are made on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral required, as those prevailing for similar transactions of unrelated parties. An analysis of the loan transactions for the years indicated follows: (In Thousands) 2023 2022 2021 Balance, beginning of the year $1,996 $191 $217 Loans made 521 1,886 — Repayments 122 81 26 Balance, end of year $2,395 $1,996 $191 The Company had $120,000 of unfunded loan commitments to these directors or their related interests on December 31, 2023 and $110,000 of unfunded loan commitments on December 31, 2022. Pledged Loans At December 31, 2023, there were no loans pledged as collateral to secure public deposits or available borrowing lines. At December 31, 2022, $44.3 million of loans were pledged as collateral to secure available borrowing lines and there were no loans pledged as collateral to secure public deposits.. |