LOANS HELD FOR INVESTMENT | 3. LOANS HELD FOR INVESTMENT Loans held for investment are summarized by category as of the periods presented below (dollars in thousands): March 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 Commercial real estate $ 1,110,283 $ 1,081,056 Commercial - specialized 351,546 372,376 Commercial - general 527,576 517,361 Consumer: 1-4 family residential 545,116 534,731 Auto loans 292,389 305,271 Other consumer 71,698 74,168 Construction 113,191 129,190 3,011,799 3,014,153 Allowance for credit on loans (42,174 ) (42,356 ) Loans, net $ 2,969,625 $ 2,971,797 The Company has certain lending policies, underwriting standards, and procedures in place that are designed to maximize loan income with an acceptable level of risk. Management reviews and approves these policies, underwriting standards, and procedures on a regular basis and makes changes as appropriate. Management receives frequent reports related to loan originations, quality, concentrations, delinquencies, non-performing, and potential problem loans. Diversification in the loan portfolio is a means of managing risk associated with fluctuations in economic conditions, both by type of loan and geography. Commercial Real Estate Commercial – General and Specialized Consumer Construction The ACL for loans was $42.2 million at March 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 March 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 The following tables detail the activity in the ACL for loans for the periods indicated (dollars in thousands). Allocation of a portion of the allowance to one category of loans does not preclude its availability to absorb losses in other categories. Beginning Balance Provision for Credit Losses (1) Charge-offs Recoveries Ending Balance For the three months ended March 31 , 2024 Commercial real estate $ 15,808 $ 62 $ (86 ) $ — $ 15,784 Commercial - specialized 4,020 (205 ) — 33 3,848 Commercial - general 6,391 659 (375 ) 33 6,708 Consumer: 1-4 family residential 9,177 273 (172 ) 2 9,280 Auto loans 3,601 (27 ) (224 ) 65 3,415 Other consumer 968 238 (282 ) 59 983 Construction 2,391 (235 ) — — 2,156 $ 42,356 $ 765 $ (1,139 ) $ 192 $ 42,174 (1) Beginning Balance Impact of CECL Adoption Provision for Credit Losses (1) Charge-offs Recoveries Ending Balance For the three months ended March 31 , 2023 Commercial real estate $ 13,029 $ 827 $ (475 ) $ — $ — $ 13,381 Commercial - specialized 3,425 33 (11 ) — 63 3,510 Commercial - general 9,215 (2,574 ) (237 ) (199 ) 62 6,267 Consumer: 1-4 family residential 6,194 1,700 635 — 2 8,531 Auto loans 3,926 (332 ) 298 (254 ) 76 3,714 Other consumer 1,376 (235 ) 68 (214 ) 106 1,101 Construction 2,123 683 522 (272 ) — 3,056 $ 39,288 $ 102 $ 800 $ (939 ) $ 309 $ 39,560 (1) The decrease in the provision for credit losses during the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023, was primarily due to the change in unfunded loan commitments decreasing during the three months ended March 31, 2024 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023. The following tables show the Company’s amortized cost in loans and related ACL for collateral dependent loans by class using the fair value of collateral loss estimation methodology of evaluating expected credit losses at the dates indicated (dollars in thousands). Equipment Real Estate Other Total Loans Individually Evaluated Total ACL for Individually Evaluated Loans March 31, 2024 Commercial real estate $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial - specialized — — — — — Commercial - general 290 — — 290 62 Consumer: 1-4 family residential — — — — — Auto loans — — — — — Other consumer — — — — — Construction — — — — — $ 290 $ — $ — $ 290 $ 62 Equipment Real Estate Other Total Loans Individually Evaluated Total ACL for Individually Evaluated Loans December 31, 2023 Commercial real estate $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial - specialized — — — — — Commercial - general 353 691 — 1,044 142 Consumer: 1-4 family residential — 362 — 362 — Auto loans — — — — — Other consumer — — — — — Construction — 218 — 218 — $ 353 $ 1,271 $ — $ 1,624 $ 142 The tables below provides an age analysis on accruing past-due loans and nonaccrual loans at the dates indicated (dollars in thousands): 30-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or More Past Due Nonaccrual Nonaccrual with no ACL March 31 , 2024 Commercial real estate $ 363 $ 16 $ — $ — Commercial - specialized 284 — 698 521 Commercial - general 615 266 474 58 Consumer: 1-4 Family residential 1,502 821 812 — Auto loans 692 136 — — Other consumer 722 129 28 — Construction 96 — — — $ 4,274 $ 1,368 $ 2,012 $ 579 30-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or More Past Due Nonaccrual Nonaccrual with no ACL December 31 , 2023 Commercial real estate $ 499 $ 86 $ — $ — Commercial - specialized 521 — 213 — Commercial - general 1,316 296 953 — Consumer: 1-4 Family residential 793 1,390 1,828 362 Auto loans 1,208 60 — — Other consumer 1,134 103 30 — Construction 759 — 218 218 $ 6,230 $ 1,935 $ 3,242 $ 580 Credit Quality Indicators The Company grades its loans on a thirteen-point grading scale. These grades fit in one of the following categories: (i) pass, (ii) special mention, (iii) substandard, (iv) doubtful, or (v) loss. Loans categorized as loss are charged-off immediately. The grading of loans reflect a judgment by the Company about the risks of default associated with the loan. The Company reviews the grades on loans as part of the Company’s on-going monitoring of the credit quality of the loan portfolio. These risk ratings are assigned based on relevant information about the ability of the borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, among other factors. Pass loans have financial factors or nature of collateral that are considered reasonable credit risks in the normal course of lending and encompass several grades that are assigned based on varying levels of risk, ranging from credits that are secured by cash or marketable securities, to watch credits which have all the characteristics of an acceptable credit risk but warrant more than the normal level of monitoring. Special mention loans have potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of repayment prospects for the loans at some future date. Substandard loans are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the borrower or by the collateral pledged, if any. These loans have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize collection and present the distinct possibility that some loss will be sustained if the deficiencies are not corrected. A protracted workout on these credits is a distinct possibility. Prompt corrective action is therefore required to strengthen the Company’s position, and/or to reduce exposure and to assure that adequate remedial measures are taken by the borrower. Credit exposure becomes more likely in such credits and a serious evaluation of the secondary support to the credit is performed. Substandard loans can be accruing or can be nonaccrual depending on the circumstances of the individual loans. Doubtful loans have all the weaknesses inherent in substandard loans with the added characteristics that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values highly questionable and improbable. All doubtful loans are on nonaccrual. In connection with the review of the Company’s loan portfolio, management considers risk elements attributable to particular loan type or categories in assessing the quality of individual loans. The list of loans to be analyzed for individual evaluation consists of non-accrual loans over $250 thousand with direct exposure. Interest income recognized using a cash-basis method on non-accrual loans for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was not significant. In addition, the Company closely monitors substandard accruing loans over $1 million with direct exposure, and past due accruing loans over $100 thousand for possible individual evaluation. All other loans will be evaluated collectively in designated pools unless a loss exposure has been identified. Additional funds committed to be advanced on individually analyzed loans are not significant. The following tables reflect the amortized cost basis in loans held for investment by credit quality indicator and origination year at the dates indicated, and related year-to-date gross charge-offs. Loans acquired are shown in the table by origination year. The Company had an immaterial amount of revolving loans converted to term loans at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year March 31, 2024 (Dollars in thousands) 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Revolving Loans Total Commercial real estate Pass $ 36,646 $ 269,179 $ 333,666 $ 178,208 $ 48,271 $ 203,508 $ 6,939 $ 1,076,417 Special mention — — — — 454 5,599 — 6,053 Substandard — — — 25,924 1,680 209 — 27,813 Total commercial real estate loans $ 36,646 $ 269,179 $ 333,666 $ 204,132 $ 50,405 $ 209,316 $ 6,939 $ 1,110,283 Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ 64 $ — $ — $ 22 $ — $ 86 Commercial - specialized Pass $ 34,312 $ 86,809 $ 50,711 $ 53,529 $ 18,133 $ 29,576 $ 74,554 $ 347,624 Special mention — — 2,595 — — — — 2,595 Substandard — 212 104 10 370 631 — 1,327 Total commercial - specialized loans $ 34,312 $ 87,021 $ 53,410 $ 53,539 $ 18,503 $ 30,207 $ 74,554 $ 351,546 Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial - general Pass $ 14,247 $ 84,488 $ 123,542 $ 89,825 $ 34,812 $ 99,454 $ 71,815 $ 518,183 Special mention — — — — — — 250 250 Substandard — 106 2,765 4,644 121 1,142 365 9,143 Total commercial - general loans $ 14,247 $ 84,594 $ 126,307 $ 94,469 $ 34,933 $ 100,596 $ 72,430 $ 527,576 Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ — $ 123 $ 210 $ 4 $ — $ 38 $ — $ 375 Consumer 1-4 family residential Pass $ 23,811 $ 110,045 $ 154,624 $ 104,760 $ 50,440 $ 83,667 $ 4,583 $ 531,930 Special mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — 376 350 4,164 680 7,569 47 13,186 Total consumer 1-4 family residential loans $ 23,811 $ 110,421 $ 154,974 $ 108,924 $ 51,120 $ 91,236 $ 4,630 $ 545,116 Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ 121 $ 51 $ — $ — $ — $ 172 Consumer auto loans Pass $ 19,810 98,205 111,516 42,328 13,774 6,236 — 291,869 Special mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — 30 126 246 31 87 — 520 Total consumer auto loans $ 19,810 $ 98,235 $ 111,642 $ 42,574 $ 13,805 $ 6,323 $ — $ 292,389 Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ — $ 65 $ 119 $ 26 $ 8 $ 6 $ — $ 224 Consumer other consumer Pass $ 6,596 $ 20,664 $ 23,499 $ 8,840 $ 2,605 $ 7,653 $ 1,575 $ 71,432 Special mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — 84 53 41 8 79 1 266 Total consumer other consumer loans $ 6,596 $ 20,748 $ 23,552 $ 8,881 $ 2,613 $ 7,732 $ 1,576 $ 71,698 Year-to-date gross charge-offs (1) $ 62 $ 101 $ 61 $ 24 $ — $ 34 $ — $ 282 Construction Pass $ 9,642 $ 62,805 $ 31,707 $ 2,635 $ 331 $ — $ 4,840 $ 111,960 Special mention — 315 — 820 — — — 1,135 Substandard — — 96 — — — — 96 Total construction loans $ 9,642 $ 63,120 $ 31,803 $ 3,455 $ 331 $ — $ 4,840 $ 113,191 Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — (1) Includes $62 thousand in charged-off demand deposit overdrafts reported as 2024 originations. Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year December 31, 2023 (Dollars in thousands) 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Loans Total Commercial real estate Pass $ 254,766 $ 324,601 $ 189,211 $ 50,660 $ 47,988 $ 174,859 $ 3,842 $ 1,045,927 Special mention — — — 11,677 — — — 11,677 Substandard — 82 21,152 1,699 149 370 — 23,452 Total commercial real estate loans $ 254,766 $ 324,683 $ 210,363 $ 64,036 $ 48,137 $ 175,229 $ 3,842 $ 1,081,056 Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial - specialized Pass $ 117,912 $ 56,152 $ 57,839 $ 19,883 $ 10,376 $ 22,758 $ 83,368 $ 368,288 Special mention — 2,938 — — — — 300 3,238 Substandard — 105 196 393 19 137 — 850 Total commercial - specialized loans $ 117,912 $ 59,195 $ 58,035 $ 20,276 $ 10,395 $ 22,895 $ 83,668 $ 372,376 Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ 11 $ — $ — $ — $ 11 Commercial - general Pass $ 88,911 $ 128,627 $ 90,957 $ 35,794 $ 45,660 $ 68,990 $ 44,131 $ 503,070 Special mention — — — — — 1,565 250 1,815 Substandard 201 2,930 4,676 227 2,749 1,442 251 12,476 Total commercial - general loans $ 89,112 $ 131,557 $ 95,633 $ 36,021 $ 48,409 $ 71,997 $ 44,632 $ 517,361 Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ — $ 47 $ 50 $ 33 $ 18 $ 321 $ — $ 469 Consumer 1-4 family residential Pass $ 113,897 $ 156,549 $ 106,619 $ 51,940 $ 31,345 $ 56,666 $ 3,770 $ 520,786 Special mention — — — — — — — — Substandard 376 382 4,238 708 3,758 4,483 — 13,945 Total consumer 1-4 family residential loans $ 114,273 $ 156,931 $ 110,857 $ 52,648 $ 35,103 $ 61,149 $ 3,770 $ 534,731 Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ 1 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1 Consumer auto loans Pass $ 106,149 124,588 48,686 16,524 6,812 1,935 — 304,694 Special mention — — — — — — — — Substandard 16 189 199 60 81 32 — 577 Total consumer auto loans $ 106,165 $ 124,777 $ 48,885 $ 16,584 $ 6,893 $ 1,967 $ — $ 305,271 Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ 113 $ 377 $ 254 $ 14 $ 49 $ 81 $ — $ 888 Consumer other consumer Pass $ 23,719 $ 26,899 $ 10,198 $ 3,190 $ 2,539 $ 6,107 $ 1,364 $ 74,016 Special mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — 13 44 10 — 84 1 152 Total consumer other consumer loans $ 23,719 $ 26,912 $ 10,242 $ 3,200 $ 2,539 $ 6,191 $ 1,365 $ 74,168 Year-to-date gross charge-offs (1) $ 624 $ 244 $ 88 $ 32 $ 72 $ 80 $ — $ 1,140 Construction Pass $ 61,903 $ 53,930 $ 5,511 $ 331 $ — $ — $ 6,250 $ 127,925 Special mention 131 — 820 — — — — 951 Substandard — 314 — — — — — 314 Total construction loans $ 62,034 $ 54,244 $ 6,331 $ 331 $ — $ — $ 6,250 $ 129,190 Year-to-date gross charge-offs $ 48 $ — $ 271 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 319 (1) Includes $574 thousand in charged-off demand deposit overdrafts reported as 2023 originations. Occasionally, the Company modifies loans to borrowers in financial distress by providing principal forgiveness, term extensions, an other than insignificant payment delay, or interest rate reduction. When principal forgiveness is provided, the amount of forgiveness is charged-off against the allowance for credit losses. Typically, one type of concession, such as term extension, is granted initially. If the borrower continues to experience financial difficulty, another concession, such as principal forgiveness, may be granted. In some cases, the Company provides multiple types of concessions on one loan. For the loans included in the “combination” columns below, multiple types of modifications have been made on the same loan within the current reporting period. The following tables present the amortized cost basis of loans at the dates indicated that were both experiencing financial difficulty and modified during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, by class and by type of modification. The percentage of the amortized cost basis of loans that were modified to borrowers in financial distress as compared to the amortized cost basis of each class of financing receivable is also presented below (dollars in thousands): Payment Delay Term Extension Interest Rate Reduction Term Extension and Interest Rate Reduction Total Class of Financing Receivable March 31, 2024 Commercial real estate $ — $ — $ — $ — 0.00 % Commercial - specialized — — — — 0.00 % Commercial - general — — — 35 0.01 % Consumer: 1-4 family — — — — 0.00 % Auto loans — — — — 0.00 % Other consumer — — — — 0.00 % Construction — — — — 0.00 % $ — $ — $ — $ 35 0.00 % Payment Delay Term Extension Interest Rate Reduction Term Extension and Interest Rate Reduction Total Class of Financing Receivable March 31, 2023 Commercial real estate $ — $ — $ — $ — 0.00 % Commercial - specialized — — — — 0.00 % Commercial - general — 2,999 — 42 0.60 % Consumer: 1-4 family — 199 — — 0.04 % Auto loans — 40 — — 0.01 % Other consumer — — — — 0.00 % Construction — — — — 0.00 % $ — $ 3,238 $ — $ 42 0.12 % The following table presents the financial effects of the loan modifications presented above to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 Principal Forgiveness Weighted- Average Interest Rate Reduction Weighted- Average Term Extension (Months) March 31, 2024 Commercial real estate $ — 0.00 % — Commercial - specialized — 0.00 % — Commercial - general — 1.75 % 49 Consumer: 1-4 Family residential — 0.00 % — Auto loans — 0.00 % — Other consumer — 0.00 % — Construction — 0.00 % — $ — 1.75 % 49 Principal Forgiveness Weighted- Average Interest Rate Reduction Weighted- Average Term Extension (Months) March 31, 2023 Commercial real estate $ — 0.00 % — Commercial - specialized — 0.00 % — Commercial - general — 0.25 % 43 Consumer: 1-4 Family residential — 0.00 % 10 Auto loans — 0.00 % 15 Other consumer — 0.00 % — Construction — 0.00 % — $ — 0.25 % 41 The Company closely monitors the performance of loans that are modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of its modification efforts. The following presents the performance of such loans that have been modified in the last twelve months (dollars in thousands): Current 30-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or More Past Due Nonaccrual March 31, 2024 Commercial real estate $ 2,241 $ — $ — $ — Commercial - specialized 165 — — 16 Commercial - general 1,176 — — 290 Consumer: 1-4 Family residential 484 23 — 11 Auto loans 86 — — — Other consumer — 5 — — Construction 2,399 — — — $ 6,551 $ 28 $ — $ 317 During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company had $31 thousand in loans made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that were modified during the last twelve months that subsequently defaulted. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company had no loans made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that were modified during the last twelve months that subsequently defaulted. Payment default is defined as movement to nonperforming status, foreclosure, or charge-off. |