18 Reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to Income (Loss) from Cont. Operations Before Income Taxes Adjusted EBITDA is computed by subtracting the sum of direct costs, general and administrative expenses and research and engineering expenses from operating revenues. Adjusted operating income (loss) is computed similarly, but also subtracts depreciation and amortization expenses from operating revenues. Each of these non-GAAP measures has limitations and therefore should not be used in isolation or as a substitute for the amounts reported in accordance with GAAP. However, management evaluates the performance of our operating segments and the consolidated Company based on several criteria, including adjusted EBITDA, adjusted operating income (loss), because it believes that these financial measures accurately reflect our ongoing profitability and performance. In addition, securities analysts and investors use these measures as some of the metrics on which they analyze the company’s performance. Other companies in our industry may compute these measures differently. A reconciliation of adjusted EBITDA and adjusted operating income (loss) to income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes which are their nearest comparable GAAP financial measures, is provided in the table below. Three Months Ended Year Ended December 31, September 30, December 31, (In Thousands) 2016 2015 2016 2016 2015 Adjusted EBITDA $146,021 $223,332 $148,739 $622,320 $1,127,420 Depreciation and Amortization (216,187) (231,137) (220,713) (871,631) (970,459) Adjusted Operating Income (loss) (70,166) (7,805) (71,974) (249,311) 156,961 Earnings (losses) from unconsolidated affiliates 4 (45,367) 2 (221,914) (75,081) Investment Income (loss) 260 180 310 1,183 2,308 Interest Expense (47,557) (46,410) (46,836) (185,360) (181,928) Other, net (275,270) (124,568) (10,392) (542,673) (329,795) Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes ($392,729) ($223,970) ($128,890) ($1,198,075) ($427,535)
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