Employee Benefits | 1 4 . EMPLOYEE BENEFITS The Company has various defined benefit pension plans and defined contribution pension plans. They include a Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (“SERP”) to provide retirement benefits for management and other highly compensated employees whose benefits are reduced by the tax-qualified plan limitations of the pension plan for eligible salaried employees. The status of these plans, including a reconciliation of benefit obligation, a reconciliation of plan assets and the funded status of the plans, as well as the key assumptions used in accounting for the plans, is shown below (dollars in thousands): Pension Benefits 2016 2015 Change in benefit obligation Benefit obligation at beginning of period $ 421,041 $ 442,652 Service cost 5,578 5,976 Interest cost 18,865 18,095 Plan amendments (91) 2,229 Actuarial loss (gain) 14,728 (20,037) Settlements (6,204) (6,338) Benefits and expenses paid (24,985) (21,536) Benefit obligation at end of period $ 428,932 $ 421,041 Change in plan assets Fair value at beginning of period $ 314,689 $ 349,047 Actual return on plan assets 32,307 (7,006) Employer contributions 561 522 Settlements (6,204) (6,338) Benefits and expenses paid (24,985) (21,536) Fair value at end of period $ 316,368 $ 314,689 Funded status of plans Funded status at end of period $ (112,564) $ (106,352) Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheet consist of: Accrued benefit liability-current $ (601) $ (602) Accrued benefit liability-noncurrent (111,963) (105,750) Net amount recognized $ (112,564) $ (106,352) Key assumptions at end of period (%) Discount rate 4.21 4.58 The amounts in accumulated other comprehensive income on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, net, that have not been recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost at December 31, 2016 and January 2 , 201 6 , are as follows (dollars in thousands): 2016 2015 Prior service credit $ (17,521) $ (19,820) The amount in accumulated other comprehensive income that is expected to be recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost over the next year is as follows (dollars in thousands): Prior service credit $ (2,390) The components of net periodic pension cost include the following (dollars in thousands): Year Ended Year Ended Year Ended December 31, January 2, January 3, Pension Benefits 2016 2016 2015 Net periodic benefit cost Service cost $ 5,578 $ 5,976 $ 4,766 Interest cost 18,865 18,095 20,585 Expected return on plan assets (20,908) (23,376) (23,344) Amortization of Prior service (credit) cost (2,390) (2,620) 486 Mark-to-market adjustment 3,330 10,344 67,412 Net periodic benefit cost (gain) $ 4,475 $ 8,419 $ 69,905 Key assumptions (%) Discount rate 4.58 4.18 5.04 Expected return on plan assets 7.00 7.00 6.75 Rate of compensation increase NA NA NA Expected future benefit payments are as follows (dollars in thousands): 2017 $ 29,473 2018 30,055 2019 31,236 2020 31,231 2021 31,324 2022 thru 2026 147,337 $ 300,656 As of the 201 6 and 201 5 measurement dates, the approximate asset allocations by asset category for the Company’s pension plan were as follows: December 31, 2016 January 2, 2016 U.S. Equity 31 % 31 % International Equity 9 9 Private Equity 1 1 Emerging Market Equity 9 9 Fixed Income 45 46 Real Estate 5 4 Total 100 % 100 % The Company’s Benefits Finance Committee (the “Committee”) is, among other things, charged with monitoring investment performance. The Committee periodically reviews fund performance and asset allocations. The plan trustee makes changes as necessary to realign the asset mix with the target allocations. The Committee has an investment policy for the pension plan assets that establishes target asset allocations by asset class as follows: Total U.S. Equity (including private equity) 32 % Total International Equity 18 % Real Estate 5 % Bonds 45 % The investment policy objectives adopted by the Committee are designed to (a) provide benefit security to plan participants, (b) support accounting policy and funding goals, (c) maintain a target funded ratio to avoid adverse outcomes, and (d) promote stability and growth in funded status. The Committee is assisted by an investment advisor in managing the fund investments and establishing asset allocations and long-term return expectations. The investment advisor develops and maintains long-term return, risk and correlation expectations for a broad array of capital markets which the Committee uses in its monitoring activity. The expected long-term rate of return on assets assumption is developed considering the relative weighting of plan assets, the historical performance of total plan assets and individual asset classes and economic and other indicators of future performance. Expected returns for each asset class are developed using estimates of expected real returns plus expected inflation. Long-term expected real returns are derived from future expectations for the U.S. Treasury real yield curve. Based on the assumptions and methodology described above, the Company selected 7.00% as its long-term rate of return on assets assumptions for both year-end 2016 and 2015 . The mortality assumption used for each of the years 2016 and 2015 was the RP-2014 mortality table. The discount rate is developed by selecting a portfolio of high-quality corporate bonds appropriate to provide for the projected benefit payments of the plan. This portfolio is selected from a universe of over 7 00 Aa-graded noncallable bonds available in the market as of December 31 , 201 6 , further limited to those bonds with average yields between the 10th and 90th percentiles. After the bond portfolio is selected, a single rate is determined that equates the market value of the bonds selected to the discounted value of the plan’s benefit payments. Based on the methodology described above, and a selected portfolio of 21 bonds, the Company selected a discount rate of 4.21% for 2016 and 4.58% for 201 5 to value year-end liabilities for the pension plans. In accordance with ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” the fair value of the assets within the pension plan as of December 31, 2016 and January 2 , 201 6 are as follows (dollars in thousands): Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2016 Quoted Prices Significant Significant in Active Observable Unobservable Markets Inputs Inputs (Level 1) (Level 2) (Level 3) Total Asset Category Cash and cash equivalents $ 7,764 $ 7,764 Public equity U.S. (a) 97,784 97,784 International (a) 27,868 27,868 Emerging markets (b) 28,643 28,643 Private equity (c) 1,875 1,875 Fixed income Corporate bonds (d) 124,473 124,473 Other fixed income (d) 19,310 19,310 Real estate (e) 8,651 8,651 $ 7,764 $ 298,078 $ 10,526 $ 316,368 Fair Value Measurements at January 2, 2016 Quoted Prices Significant Significant in Active Observable Unobservable Markets Inputs Inputs (Level 1) (Level 2) (Level 3) Total Asset Category Cash and cash equivalents $ 1,798 $ 1,798 Public equity U.S. (a) 97,710 97,710 International (a) 29,343 29,343 Emerging markets (b) 26,359 26,359 Private equity (c) 3,863 3,863 Fixed income Corporate bonds (d) 125,251 125,251 Other fixed income (d) 17,628 17,628 Real estate (e) 12,737 12,737 $ 1,798 $ 296,291 $ 16,600 $ 314,689 (a) U.S. and international equity investments include investments in commingled funds that invest primarily in publicly-traded equities. Equity investments are diversified across U.S. and non-U.S. stocks and are divided by investment style and market capitalization. (b) Emerging markets equity investments include investments in commingled funds that invest primarily in publicly-traded equities. Equity investments are diversified across non-U.S. stocks and are divided by country, investment style and market capitalization. (c) Private equity assets consist primarily of investments in limited partnerships that invest in individual companies in the form of non-public equity or non-public debt positions. The plan’s private equity investments are limited to 5% of the total limited partnership and the maximum allowable loss cannot exceed the commitment amount. (d) Fixed income securities include investments in commingled funds that invest in a diversified blend of investment grade fixed income securities. (e) Investment in real estate is designed to provide stable income returns and added diversification based upon the historical low correlation between real estate and equity or fixed income investments. The plan’s real estate assets consist of a commingled fund that invests in a diversified portfolio of direct real estate investments. Description of Fair Value Measurements Level 1 – Quoted, active market prices for identical assets or liabilities. Foreign and domestic common stocks are exchange-traded and are valued at the closing price reported by the respective exchanges on the day of valuation. Share prices of the funds, referred to as a fund's Net Asset Value (“NAV”), are calculated daily based on the closing market prices and accruals of securities in the fund's total portfolio (total value of the fund) divided by the number of fund shares currently issued and outstanding. Redemptions of the mutual funds, collective trust funds and funds for employee benefit trust shares occur by contract at the respective fund’s redemption date NAV. Level 2 – Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted active market prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets in inactive markets and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable in active markets. The pension plan’s Level 2 investments include foreign and domestic common stocks, mutual funds, collective trust funds and funds for employee benefit trust. The NAVs of the funds are calculated monthly based on the closing market prices and accruals of securities in the fund's total portfolio (total value of the fund) divided by the number of fund shares currently issued and outstanding. Redemptions of the mutual funds, collective trust fund and funds for employee benefit trust shares occur by contract at the respective fund’s redemption date NAV. Level 3 – Valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs are unobservable in the marketplace. The pension plan’s Level 3 assets are primarily investment funds which invest in underlying groups of investment funds or other pooled investment vehicles that are selected by the respective funds’ investment managers. The investment funds and the underlying investments held by these investment funds are valued at fair value. In determining the fair value of these assets, management takes into account the estimated NAV of the underlying funds, as well as any other considerations that may increase or decrease such estimated value. While the Company believes its valuation methods for plan assets are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions, particularly as applied to Level 3 assets described below, could have a material effect on the computation of their estimated fair values. Changes in Fair Value Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Private Real Equities Estate Total Balance, January 3, 2015 $ 4,509 $ 15,272 $ 19,781 Realized gains/(losses) 291 (383) (92) Unrealized gains/(losses) 130 1,932 2,062 Return of capital (1,093) (5,542) (6,635) Income 26 1,458 1,484 Balance, January 2, 2016 3,863 12,737 16,600 Realized gains/(losses) 260 1,040 1,300 Unrealized gains/(losses) (649) 548 (101) Return of capital (1,599) (6,167) (7,766) Income — 493 493 Balance, December 31, 2016 $ 1,875 $ 8,651 $ 10,526 The Company expect s to contribute $4.5 million to its funded pension plan in 201 7 . The defined benefit plan provides that hourly employees receive payments of stated amounts for each year of service. Payments under the defined benefit plan covering salaried employees are based on years of service and the employees’ compensation during employment. At December 31, 2016, the accumulated benefit obligation for the defined benefit plans were approximately $428.9 million. At January 2 , 201 6 , the accumulated benefit obligation for the defined benefit plans was approximately $421.0 million. Certain of the Company’s hourly employees participated in a multi-employer defined benefit plan, the Pace Industry Union-Management Pension Plan (EIN #11-6166763). Participants in this plan included the West Carrollton represented manufacturing employees, where the collective bargaining agreement expired April 1, 2012. Participants also included the represented employees at the Kansas City, Kansas distribution center, where the collective bargaining agreement expired December 31, 2011. As a result of labor contracts ratified in June 2012 and September 2012, by the bargaining employees at the Kansas City, Kansas distribution center and West Carrollton, Ohio plant, respectively, both groups elected to end their participation in this multi-employer plan and instead participate in the defined benefit pension plan sponsored by the Company. In addition, during first quarter 2012 there was a workforce reduction at the West Carrollton, Ohio plant resulting from the cessation of papermaking activities. As a result, the Company recorded a $25.0 million expense in 2012 representing its estimated cost to satisfy a complete withdrawal liability under the terms of the plan’s trust agreement, with a payment period that began January 2014 and could extend for up to 20 years, discounted in accordance with ASC Section 450-20-S99-1. Payments of $2.0 million were made during 201 6 , resulting in recorded interest expense of $1.1 million. As of December 31 , 2016, the reserve has been reduced by $0.9 million. Of the $22.5 million reserve, $0.9 million is classified as short-term and $21.6 million is classified as long-term within the Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31 , 2016. A deferred compensation plan, named the Executive Nonqualified “Excess” Plan of Appvion, Inc., effective on February 1, 2006, and as amended effective January 1, 2015, was established for highly-compensated employees, including all directors and executive officers. Salaried employees, with base salaries of $130,000 and over, are eligible to participate in the plan. This plan was established for the purpose of allowing a tax-favored option for saving for retirement when the IRS limits the ability of highly-compensated employees to participate under tax-qualified plans. This plan allows for deferral of compensation on a pre-tax basis and accumulation of tax-deferred earnings. Participants in the plan may choose to have deferrals increased or decreased based on the performance of a selection of mutual funds. No assets are actually set aside to fund the Company’s obligation under this plan. The non-employee directors are also allowed to participate in this plan. For the years ended December 31, 2016 and January 2, 2016, $2.7 million and $5.4 million, respectively, was recorded in other long-term assets for this plan. |