BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Basis of Presentation | |
BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | 1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES |
Cimarex Energy Co., a Delaware corporation, is an independent oil and gas exploration and production company. Our operations are mainly located in Texas, Oklahoma and New Mexico. |
Basis of presentation |
Our Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or GAAP. Our significant accounting policies are discussed below. The accounts of Cimarex and its subsidiaries are presented in the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements. All intercompany accounts and transactions were eliminated in consolidation. |
Segment Information |
We have determined that our business is comprised of only one segment because our gathering, processing and marketing activities are ancillary to our production operations and are not separately managed. |
Use of estimates |
The preparation of our financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses. The more significant areas requiring the use of management’s estimates and judgments relate to the estimation of proved oil and gas reserves, the use of these oil and gas reserves in calculating depletion, depreciation, and amortization (DD&A), the use of the estimates of future net revenues in computing ceiling test limitations and estimates of future abandonment obligations used in recording asset retirement obligations, and the assessment of goodwill. |
The process of estimating quantities of oil and gas reserves is complex, requiring significant decisions in the evaluation of all available geological, geophysical, engineering and economic data. The data for a given field may also change substantially over time as a result of numerous factors including, but not limited to, additional development activity, evolving production history and continual reassessment of the viability of production under varying economic conditions. As a result, material revisions to existing reserve estimates may occur from time to time. Although every reasonable effort is made to ensure that our reserve estimates represent the most accurate assessments possible, subjective decisions and available data for our various fields make these estimates generally less precise than other estimates included in financial statement disclosures. |
Estimates and judgments are also required in determining allowance for doubtful accounts, impairments of undeveloped properties and other assets, purchase price allocation, valuation of deferred tax assets, fair value measurements, and commitments and contingencies. We analyze our estimates, including those related to oil, gas and NGL revenues, and base our estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. |
Cash and Cash Equivalents |
Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash in banks and investments readily convertible into cash, which have original maturities of three months or less. Cash equivalents are stated at cost, which approximates market value. |
Oil and Gas Well Equipment and Supplies |
Our oil and gas well equipment and supplies are valued at the lower of cost or market using weighted average cost. The steep decline in oil, gas and NGL prices has resulted in fewer drilling rigs running in the United States as companies cut back on their capital expenditures. Through the first part of February 2015, published oil rig counts are at their lowest since December 2011. The effect of lower exploration and development activity, and thus lower demand, will create downward pressure on the price of oil and gas well equipment and supplies. GAAP requires that these assets are to be carried at the lower of cost or market. Declines in prices related to our oil and gas well equipment and supplies will likely result in impairments in future quarters. |
Oil and Gas Properties |
We use the full cost method of accounting for our oil and gas operations. All costs associated with property acquisition, exploration, and development activities are capitalized. Exploration and development costs include dry hole costs, geological and geophysical costs, direct overhead related to exploration and development activities, and other costs incurred for the purpose of finding oil and gas reserves. Salaries and benefits paid to employees directly involved in the exploration and development of properties, as well as other internal costs that can be directly identified with acquisition, exploration, and development activities, are also capitalized. Under the full cost method of accounting, no gain or loss is recognized upon the disposition of oil and gas properties unless such disposition would significantly alter the relationship between capitalized costs and proved reserves. |
Companies that follow the full cost accounting method are required to make quarterly ceiling test calculations. This test ensures that total capitalized costs for oil and gas properties (net of accumulated DD&A and deferred income taxes) do not exceed the sum of the present value discounted at 10% of estimated future net cash flows from proved reserves, the cost of properties not being amortized, the lower of cost or estimated fair value of unproven properties included in the costs being amortized, and all related tax effects. We currently do not have any unproven properties that are being amortized. Revenue calculations in the reserves are based on the unweighted average first-day-of-the-month prices for the prior 12 months. Changes in proved reserve estimates (whether based upon quantity revisions or commodity prices) will cause corresponding changes to the full cost ceiling limitation. If net capitalized costs subject to amortization exceed this limit, the excess would be charged to expense. Any recorded impairment of oil and gas properties is not reversible at a later date. |
Our quarterly and annual ceiling tests are primarily impacted by commodity prices, reserve quantities added and produced, overall exploration and development costs and depletion expense. As of December 31, 2014, the calculated value of the ceiling limitation exceeded the carrying value of our oil and gas properties subject to the test and no impairment was necessary. However, a decline of 8% or more in the value of the ceiling limitation would have resulted in an impairment. If commodity prices stay at the current early 2015 levels or decline further, we will incur full cost ceiling impairments in future quarters. Because the ceiling calculation uses rolling 12-month average commodity prices, the effect of lower quarter-over-quarter prices in 2015 compared to 2014 is a lower ceiling value each quarter. This will result in ongoing impairments each quarter until prices stabilize or improve. Impairment charges would not affect cash flow from operating activities, but would adversely affect our net income and stockholders’ equity. |
Depletion of proved oil and gas properties is computed on the units- of-production method, whereby capitalized costs, including future development costs and asset retirement obligations, are amortized over total estimated proved reserves. Changes in our estimate of proved reserve quantities, commodity prices and impairment of oil and gas properties will cause corresponding changes in depletion expense in periods subsequent to these changes. |
The capitalized costs of unproved properties, including those in wells in progress, are excluded from the costs being amortized. We do not have major development projects that are excluded from costs being amortized. On a quarterly basis, we evaluate excluded costs for inclusion in the costs to be amortized resulting from the determination of proved reserves or impairments. To the extent that the evaluation indicates these properties are impaired, the amount of the impairment is added to the capitalized costs to be amortized. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to production expense in the period incurred. |
Fixed assets, net |
Fixed assets consist primarily of gathering and plant facilities, vehicles, airplanes, office furniture, and computer equipment and software. These items are recorded at cost and are depreciated on the straight-line method based on expected lives of the individual assets, which range from 3 to 30 years. |
Goodwill |
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price of business combinations over the fair value of the net assets acquired and is tested for impairment at least annually. We first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not (with a greater than 50% threshold) that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the two-step goodwill impairment test. If goodwill is determined to be impaired then it is written down to a calculated fair value by charging the impairment to expense. |
We evaluate our goodwill for impairment in the fourth quarter of each year or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the possibility that goodwill may be impaired. Based upon our qualitative assessment at December 31, 2014, goodwill was not impaired. It is possible that goodwill could become impaired in the future if commodity prices or other economic factors become less favorable. |
Revenue Recognition |
Oil, Gas and NGL Sales |
Revenue is recorded from the sales of oil, gas and NGLs when the product is delivered at a fixed or determinable price, title has transferred and collectability is reasonably assured. There is a ready market for our products and sales occur soon after production. |
Under certain contracts, when NGLs are extracted from the gas stream, processors receive a portion of the sales value from both the residue gas and the NGLs as a processing fee and remit the contractual proceeds to us. Prior to 2014, revenue was recognized net of these processing fees for residue gas and NGLs sold under these contracts as allowed under EITF 00-10 Accounting for Shipping and Handling Fees and Costs. Increasing NGL production combined with the impact of recent changes to these contracts has resulted in processing costs becoming more significant. Accordingly, we have changed our policy to record these processing costs with operating costs as allowed under EITF 00-10. Beginning in 2014, our realized prices for sales under these contracts reflect the value of 100% of the residue gas and NGLs yielded by processing, rather than the value associated with the contractual proceeds we received. The related processing fees now are included in “transportation, processing and other operating” costs. The effect of this change in 2014 was that total revenue was $51.4 million higher with an offsetting increase in total transportation, processing and other operating costs. There was no impact on operating income. Financial statements for periods prior to 2014 have not been reclassified to reflect this change in accounting treatment as it was impracticable to do so. |
Marketing Sales |
We market and sell natural gas for working interest owners under short term sales and supply agreements and earn a fee for such services. Revenues are recognized as gas is delivered and are reflected net of gas purchases on the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income. |
Gas Imbalances |
We use the sales method of accounting for gas imbalances. Under this method, revenue is recorded on the basis of gas actually sold. Gas reserves are adjusted to the extent there are sufficient quantities of natural gas to make up an imbalance. A liability is established in situations where there are insufficient proved reserves available to make-up an overproduced imbalance. Imbalances have not been significant in the periods presented. |
General and Administrative Expenses |
General and administrative expenses are reported net of amounts reimbursed by working interest owners of the oil and gas properties operated by Cimarex and net of amounts capitalized pursuant to the full cost method of accounting. |
Derivatives |
Our derivative contracts are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value. Our firm sales contracts qualify for the normal purchase and normal sale exception. Contracts that qualify for this treatment do not require mark-to-market accounting treatment. See Note 5 for additional information regarding our derivative instruments. |
Income Taxes |
Cimarex records deferred tax assets and liabilities to account for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the financial statements and tax returns. The company routinely assesses the realizability of its deferred tax assets. If the company concludes that it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized, the tax asset is reduced by a valuation allowance. Numerous judgments and assumptions are inherent in the determination of future taxable income, including factors such as future operating conditions (particularly as related to prevailing oil and gas prices) and changing tax laws. |
The company regularly assesses and, if required, establishes accruals for tax contingencies that could result from assessments of additional tax by taxing jurisdictions where the company operates. See Note 10 for additional information regarding our income taxes. |
Contingencies |
A provision for contingencies is charged to expense when the loss is probable and the cost can be reasonably estimated. Determining when expenses should be recorded for these contingencies and the appropriate amounts for accrual is a complex estimation process that includes subjective judgment. In many cases, this judgment is based on interpretation of laws and regulations, which can be interpreted differently by regulators and/or courts of law. We closely monitor known and potential legal, environmental, and other contingencies and periodically determine when we should record losses for these items based on information available to us. See Note 11 for additional information regarding our contingencies. |
Asset Retirement Obligations |
We recognize the fair value of liabilities for retirement obligations associated with tangible long-lived assets in the period in which there is a legal obligation associated with the retirement of such assets and the amount can be reasonably estimated. The associated asset retirement costs are capitalized as part of the carrying amount of the long-lived asset. This liability includes costs related to the abandonment of wells, the removal of facilities and equipment, and site restorations. Subsequent to initial measurement, the asset retirement liability is required to be accreted each period. If the fair value of a recorded asset retirement obligation changes, a revision is recorded to both the asset retirement obligation and the asset retirement capitalized cost. Capitalized costs are included as a component of the DD&A calculations. The current portions of the asset retirement obligations are recorded in “accrued liabilities, other” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and expenditures are classified as cash used in operating activities in the accompanying consolidated statements of cash flows. See Note 9 for additional information regarding our asset retirement obligations. |
Stock-based Compensation |
We recognize compensation related to all stock-based awards, including stock options, in the financial statements based on their estimated grant-date fair value. We grant various types of stock-based awards including stock options, restricted stock (including awards with service-based vesting and market condition-based vesting provisions) and restricted stock units. The fair value of stock option awards is determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Service-based restricted stock and units are valued using the market price of our common stock on the grant date. The fair value of the market condition-based restricted stock is based on the grant-date market value of the award utilizing a statistical analysis. Compensation cost is recognized ratably over the applicable vesting period. To the extent compensation cost relates to employees directly involved in oil and gas acquisition, exploration and development activities, such amounts are capitalized to oil and gas properties. Amounts not capitalized to oil and gas properties are recognized as stock compensation expense. See Note 7 for additional information regarding our stock-based compensation. |
Earnings per Share |
We calculate earnings (loss) per share recognizing that unvested share-based payment awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents are “participating securities” and therefore should be included in computing earnings per share using the two-class earnings allocation method. The two-class method is an earnings allocation formula that determines earnings per share for each class of common stock and participating security according to dividends declared (or accumulated) and participation rights in undistributed earnings. Our unvested share based payment awards, consisting of restricted stock and units qualify as participating securities. See Note 8 for additional information regarding our earnings per share. |
Recently Issued Accounting Standards |
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). The new revenue standard provides a five-step analysis of transactions to determine when and how revenue is recognized. The core principle of the guidance is that a company should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The guidance in this update supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in Topic 605, Revenue Recognition, and most industry-specific guidance throughout the Industry Topics of the Codification. We must comply with this ASU beginning in fiscal year 2017 and early adoption is not permitted. Entities can choose to apply the standard using either the full retrospective approach or a modified retrospective approach. We are currently evaluating the potential impact of this guidance, but at this time, do not expect that the adoption of this standard will have a material effect on our financial position or results of operation. |
Subsequent Events |
The accompanying financial disclosures include an evaluation of subsequent events through the date of this filing. |
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