decline in sales since these programs were reduced or terminated, due to a decrease in repeat purchases of our products and the loss of certain accounts due to the lower sales volume per store.
Loss from Operations. Loss from operations was $1,871,755 for the year ended December 31, 2004 compared to $1,740,929 for the year ended December 31, 2003. The $130,826 increase in loss from operations was primarily attributable to the increased operating expenses described above.
Interest Expense. Interest expense was $578,560 for the year ended December 31, 2004, a decrease of $130,650, or 18%, from interest expense of $709,210 for the year ended December 31, 2003. The decrease in interest expense is primarily attributable to non-cash interest expense of $178,000 related to warrants issued in connection with borrowings from related party senior notes incurred during 2003, partially offset by an increase in interest on borrowings from the senior notes – related party issued in the second half of 2004.
Gain on Forgiveness of Accounts Payable. Gain on forgiveness of accounts payable represents the difference between the invoiced amount and the amount in the form of a note payable for fees to a law firm incurred and expensed in 2002.
Income Tax Benefit. Income tax benefit was $258,476 for the year ended December 31, 2004, and $211,131 for the year ended December 31, 2003. This amount represents net proceeds realized from the sale of State of New Jersey tax benefits resulting from net operating losses.
Net Loss. Net loss was $2,131,581 for the year ended December 31, 2004 compared to $2,239,440 for the year ended December 31, 2003. The $107,859 decrease in net loss from operations was primarily attributable to the lower interest expense and gain on forgiveness of accounts payable, offset by the increased advertising expense discussed above.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our operations to date have generated significant operating losses that have been funded through the issuance of common stock, preferred stock and external borrowings, including a line of credit with a bank and loans from our executive officers, directors and principal stockholders. We will require additional sources of outside capital to continue our operations. However, we expect that this offering will provide that needed capital.
We anticipate that we will receive approximately $6,591,000 in net proceeds from this offering and believe that this will be sufficient to fund our operations for a minimum of 12 months. Approximately $521,000 of the proceeds will be used to pay notes payable and advances made to the company, $453,000 to pay amounts owed to SMBI for ingredients and royalties and $500,000 for payables related to the television advertising campaign in 2004. The remaining proceeds will be available to fund our business. We anticipate our funding needs for the next 12 months to be between $2 and $3 million to fund marketing initiatives, operating losses and accounts payable and working capital needs. However, unforeseen circumstances could cause this estimate to be wrong.
As of December 31, 2004, we had $277,649of cash on hand and a working capital deficit of $9,941,740andwere in default on approximately $7,500,000of principal and accrued interest on outstanding indebtedness. Concurrently with this offering, we plan to restructure and reduce our outstanding indebtedness by approximately $5,922,000 through the issuance of 461,700 shares of common stock to our principal debt holder and guarantor of our bank loan. Additionally, concurrently with the closing of this offering, a convertible note payable of $175,000thatisindefaultwill automatically convert $245,000ofvalueinto approximately 81,667unregistered units otherwise identical to the units offered to the public(basedona$3unitpriceinthis offering), and we will pay approximately $1,900,000 of advances, notes payable and accrued interest thereon with the proceeds of this offering to eliminate all defaults on our debt agreements. Additionally, we will pay approximately $600,000 in past due salaries, $453,000in past due payables to SMBI and $500,000 of past due advertising.
We have not paid interest due monthly on a demand note for $2,500,000 with the Bank of Wachovia since March 2003. The note is secured by all of our assets, subordinated to the rights of the lenders of the bridge loan issued in July 2004, and guaranteed by Spencer Trask Specialty Group. The bank has not made a demand for payment on the note, and we have not recorded any default interest thereon. We are in default of approximately $2,480,000 in senior convertible notes payable, plus accrued interest, to a group of entities related to Spencer Trask, with maturity dates ranging from December 31, 2002 to September 3, 2003. Please see “Related Party Transactions” for details regarding the identity of the specific Spencer Trask-related entities and the amounts owed to each, including interest. The notes bear default interest at 14% and are secured by all of our assets. The group of entities related to Spencer Trask have agreed, upon consummation of this offering, to accept 461,700 shares of our common stock in consideration for payment of outstanding principal and interest on the Wachovia loan and satisfaction of senior notes payable to them.
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We are also in default on approximately $385,000 in subordinated convertible notes payable to management, directors and certain of our preferred stock investors, all of which have maturity dates of December 31, 2002. The notes accrue default interest at a rate of 14% per year. We have reached agreements with the noteholders to satisfy the outstanding principal and accrued interest balances on the notes upon consummation of the offering. Based on the terms of these agreements, we will pay an aggregate of $260,000 of outstanding principal on the notes through the proceeds of this offering and will issue 89,929 shares of common stock in payment of the remaining $125,000 principal balance and $144,782 of accrued interest through April 30, 2005.
We have not repaid our $1,000,000 senior secured bridge loan and $175,000 convertible note to our spokesperson by their maturity dates. Therefore, they are due on demand and accruing interest at the default rate of 15%, effective January 1, 2005. The bridge loan and approximately $70,000 of accrued interest will be converted into 357,216 shares of common stock, concurrently with this offering. The convertible note will automatically convert into $245,000 of unregistered units (81,667 units) identical to the units offered in this offering, at the initial public offering price, if the offering is consummated by May 31, 2005. If the offering is not consummated by May 31, 2005, the note becomes a demand note, convertible at the holder’s option into unregistered units (or common stock, if the offering is not consummated) at $1.00 per unit or share, as the case may be, subject to certain conditions described in the promissory note.
Additionally, at December 31, 2004, we owe approximately $551,000, representing accrued and unpaid salaries and taxes, including salaries of $508,000 due to three executive officers for the eleven months ended November 30, 2004. In April 2004, these executive officers agreed to convert accrued salaries owed to them through February 28, 2005, aggregating $514,584, into 171,529 shares of common stock concurrently with the closing of this offering.
We had working capital deficits of $8,484,824 and $9,941,740 as of December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively. The increase in the working capital deficit was primarily attributable to increased borrowings from related parties to fund operating losses and accrued interest thereon.
Net cash used in operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2004 was $388,450 compared to cash used in operating activities of $386,889 during 2003. The decrease in cash used by operating activities of $1,561 was primarily attributable to a decreased net loss of $107,859 and a decrease in cash from the changes in operating assets and liabilities of $855,489, offset by a decrease in adjustments to reconcile net loss to cash used in operating activities of $746,069. The increase in cash from the changes in operating assets and liabilities is primarily due to: (i) an increase in accounts payable of 362,890 resulting from the television advertising campaign in the third and fourth quarter of 2004; (ii) a reduction in uncollected accounts receivable of $133,660 due to decreased sales; and (iii) increased accrued expenses related to the proposed public offering of common stock of $69,317, offset by a reduced benefit from the decrease in restricted cash of $100,000 resulting from the application of prepayments to SMBI against accounts payable in 2003. The decrease in adjustments to reconcile net loss to cash used in operating activities is primarily due to a decrease in the provision for discounts, allowances and promotional payments of $172,177, stock-based compensation for shares of stock issued to employees for services of $231,647, decreased non-cash interest expense related to warrants issued in connection with debt of $178,000 and increased write-offs of inventory related to discontinued flavors and excess sports drink inventory of $213,407.
Net cash provided by financing activities was $440,956 and $613,757 for the years ending December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively. Net cash provided by financing activities primarily consisted of loans from stockholders and related parties in 2003 and 2004. Costs incurred related to the proposed public offering of $441,243 have been recorded as a reduction of cash provided by financing activities.
Pro Forma Financial Information
The pro forma financial information set forth in Summary Financial Information reflects certain restructuring events that will occur concurrently with this offering after December 31, 2004 as follows:
| • | In December 2004, the holders of our Series A and C preferred stock agreed to automatically convert their shares into 154,613 shares of common stock upon the consummation of an underwritten public offering and waive any anti-dilution rights related to the preferred stock; |
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| • | In December 2004, four entities related to Spencer Trask Specialty Group LLC agreed to accept 461,700 shares of common stock in settlement of senior convertible promissory notes and accrued interest thereon, aggregating $3,220,750 and the payment of loan from the Bank of Wachovia aggregating $2,633,672; and |
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| • | Automatic conversion of a convertible promissory note issued in payment of past services to our spokesperson, Dick Clark, resulting in the issuance of 81,667 units, including 81,667 unregistered shares of common stock, 81,667 unregistered Class A warrants and 81,667 unregistered Class B warrants. |
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| • | Conversion of (i) executive salaries into 171,529 shares of common stock; (ii) $269,782 of principal and accrued interest on notes payable into 89,929 shares of common stock; (iii) conversion of $1,071,646 of principal and accrued interest on senior secured promissory notes into 357,216 shares of common stock; and (iv) conversion of accounts payable of $109,000 into 42,333 shares of common stock, all to take place concurrently with the closing of this offering. |
The pro forma Selected Balance Sheet Data included in the Summary Financial Information reflect the restructuring events described above, as if they occurred on December 31, 2004. The pro forma balance sheet is presented to assess the impact of the restructuring on historical results. However, it is not intended to forecast our actual financial position at the date of the offering. Results at the date of the offering may differ due to, among other things, the use of the bridge loan proceeds to fund operations. The table below describes the adjustments to the December 31, 2004 results.
| | December 31,2004 | |
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| | Total Liabilities | | Total Stockholders Equity (Deficit) | | Common Shares Outstanding | |
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Actual, as reported | | $ | 10,372,620 | | $ | (9,470,930 | ) | | 414,073 | |
Conversion of Series A and Series C preferred stock to common stock | | | — | | | — | | | 154,613 | |
Issuance of common stock in exchange for subordinated convertible notes and accrued interest thereon, and the payment of demand note to a bank on behalf of the Company and accrued interest thereon | | | (5,923,191 | ) | | 5,923,191 | | | 461,700 | |
Automatic conversion of note payable to spokesperson | | | (182,486 | ) | | (182,486 | ) | | 81,667 | |
Conversion of executive officers’ salaries to common stock | | | (435,417 | ) | | 435,417 | | | 171,529 | |
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Conversion of note payable and accrued interest to common stock | | | (244,593 | ) | | 244,593 | | | 89,929 | |
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Conversion of senior secured promissory notes and accrued interest to common stock | | | (1,021,646 | ) | | 1,021,646 | | | 357,216 | |
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Conversion of accounts payable to common stock | | | 109,000 | | | 109,000 | | | 42,333 | |
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Pro forma for the restructuring events described above | | $ | 2,456,287 | | $ | (1,554,597 | ) | | 1,773,060 | |
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Application of Recent and Critical Accounting Policies and Pronouncements
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In January2003, the FASB issued interpretation No. 46 (“FIN 46”), “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities”. The primary objectives of this interpretation are to provide guidance on the identification of entities for which control is achieved through means other than through voting rights (“variable interest entities”) and how to determine when and which business enterprise (the “primary beneficiary”) should consolidate the variable interest entity. This new model for consolidation applies to an entity in which either (i) the equity investors (if any) do not have a controlling financial interest; or (ii) the equity investment at risk is insufficient to finance that entity’s activities without receiving additional subordinated financial support from other parties. In addition, FIN 46 requires that the primary beneficiary, as well as all other enterprises with a significant variable interest entity, make additional disclosures. Certain disclosure requirements of FIN 46 were effective for financial statements issued after January31, 2003. In December2003, the FASB issued FIN 46 (revised December2003), “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities” (“FIN 46-R”) to address certain FIN 46 implementation issues. The effective dates and impact of FIN 46 and FIN 46-R are as follows: (i) Special-purpose entities (“SPEs”) created prior to February1, 2003: We must apply either the provisions of FIN 46 or early adopt the provisions of FIN 46-R at the end of the first interim or annual reporting period ended after December15, 2003. (ii)Non-SPEs created prior to February1, 2003: We were required to adopt FIN 46-R at the end of the first interim or annual reporting period ending after March15, 2004. (iii)All entities, regardless of whether SPE, that were created subsequent to December31, 2003: The interpretation applies immediately. We do not have any arrangements with variable interest entities that will require consolidation of their financial information in our financial statements.
Critical Accounting Estimates
The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure on contingent assets and liabilities at the date of our financial statements. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions and conditions.
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Critical accounting policies are defined as those that are reflective of significant judgments, estimates and uncertainties and potentially result in materially different results under different assumptions and conditions. For a detailed discussion on the application of these and other accounting policies see Note 2 to our financial statements.
Placement and Promotional Allowances and Credits for Product Returns
As an inducement to our customers to promote our products in preferred locations of their stores, we provide placement and promotional allowances to certain customers. We also provide credits for customer coupon redemptions and product which has not been sold by its expiration date. These allowances and credits are reflected as a reduction of revenue in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) No. 01-9, which requires certain sales promotions and customer allowances previously classified as selling, general and administrative expenses to be classified as a reduction of sales or as cost of goods sold. Provisions for promotional allowances are recorded upon shipment and are typically based on shipments to the retailer during an agreed upon promotional period. We expect to offer promotional allowances at historical levels in the near future as an incentive to our customers. Slotting or placement fees are deducted from revenue in the period paid. Provisions for coupon redemptions and product returned that has reached its expiration date are based on historical trends. Information such as the historical number of cases returned per unit shipped, product shelf life, current sales volume, and coupons distributed during the period are used to derive estimates of the required allowance. As we expand production and introduce new products, we may incur increased levels of returned goods. Also, our estimates assume we will continue as a going concern and maintain distribution with wholesalers and supermarkets that currently carry our product. If a supermarket or wholesaler discontinues our product, we may experience return rates in excess of our historical trend. This could result in material charges to future earnings for reimbursements to our customers for returned, unsold product.
Accounts Receivable
We evaluate the collectibility of our trade accounts receivable based on a number of factors. Accounts receivable are unsecured, non-interest bearing obligations that are typically due from customers within 30 days of the invoice date. We apply collections in accordance with customer remittance advices or to the oldest outstanding invoice if no remittance advice is presented with payment.
We estimate an allowance for doubtful accounts and revenue adjustments based on historical trends and other criteria. Further, as accounts receivable outstanding are deemed uncollectible or subject to adjustment, these allowances are adjusted accordingly. In circumstances where we become aware of a specific customer’s inability to meet its financial obligations to us, a specific reserve for bad debts is estimated and recorded which reduces the recognized receivable to the estimated amount we believe will ultimately be collected. In addition to specific customer identification of potential bad debts, bad debt charges are recorded based on our recent past history and an overall assessment of past due trade accounts receivable outstanding. We also estimate the amount of credits for product placement, promotion and expired product that are expected to be issued for product sold based on an evaluation of historical trends and record an allowance when the sale is recorded.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost to purchase and/or manufacture the inventory or the current estimated market value of the inventory. We regularly review our inventory quantities on hand and record a provision for excess and obsolete inventory based primarily on our estimated forecast of product demand and/or our ability to sell the products and production requirements. Demand for the our products can fluctuate significantly. Factors which could affect demand for our products include unanticipated changes in consumer preferences, general market conditions or other factors, which may result in cancellations of advance orders or a reduction in the rate of reorders placed by customers and/or continued weakening of economic conditions. Additionally, our estimates of future product demand may be inaccurate, which could result in an understated or overstated provision required for excess and obsolete inventory.
Inflation
We do not believe that inflation had a significant impact on our results of operations for the periods presented.
Off-Balance Sheet Transactions
At December 31, 2003 and 2004, we did not have any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes.
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BUSINESS
Introduction
We produce, market and distribute NuVim dietary supplements in beverage form, which contain two proprietary micronutrients derived from cow’s milk, known as LactoActin and LactoMune. These two micronutrients, in their patented formulation, have been shown in independent clinical studies to help strengthen the immune system, support muscle flexibility and promote sturdy joints when consumed over time in certain quantities. NuVim dietary supplement beverages are non-dairy, virtually lactose-free and fortified with vitamins and minerals. By incorporating these micronutrients into our nutritional beverages, we believe that we are able to provide consumers with a good-tasting beverage choice that provides benefits unlike any other on the market. Except for Asia, Australia and New Zealand, we have an exclusive worldwide license agreement with SMBI to use these proprietary micronutrients in carbonated and non-carbonated beverages (and powders based on such beverages designed for reconstitution), excluding certain milk, yogurt and nutritional meal replacement products.
Our first product line was introduced in May 2000. Our product line currently consists of three flavors of refrigerated dietary supplement beverages, including Orange Tangerine, Fruit Symphony and Strawberry Vanilla and are available in 64-ounce cartons. Orange Tangerine and Strawberry Vanilla are also available in 16-ounce bottles.
NuVim beverages are currently available in 13 states and the District of Columbia. Our 64-ounce cartons are currently sold in over 2,800 supermarkets, as of December 31, 2004, including, but not limited to ShopRite Supermarkets, Publix Super Markets, Pathmark Supermarkets, Giant Supermarkets, A&P Supermarkets, Stop & Shop, Food Emporium, Waldbaums, Mars Super Markets, Wegmans Food Markets, Supervalue Supermarkets and Acme Markets. Our relationship with Publix, which expanded our distribution by 830 supermarkets and four states, began in September 2004. Our 16-ounce bottles are sold in selected retail locations, including small grocery stores, delicatessens and a limited number of chain supermarkets in the New York metropolitan area, but accounted for less than 5% of our net revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2004.
In the future we plan to introduce three new flavors of the 64-ounce size beverage – chocolate, vanilla and peach – at least one of which we expect to test market in 2005. Also in 2005, we expect to introduce a line of shelf-stable (non-refrigerated) sports drinks and, through our majority-owned subsidiary, NuVim Powder LLC, chocolate, vanilla and strawberry flavors of a powder version of our nutritional beverage. Both the sports drink and the powder product will deliver the same health benefits as our existing refrigerated product.
Industry Background
NuVim, as a dietary supplement in beverage form, is considered part of the “functional foods” category of the nutrition industry. Functional foods are defined as foods and beverages that promise health benefits beyond their inherent nutritional value. The largest segment of the functional foods category is beverages according to Business Communications Company, Inc. (“BCC”) Functional beverages include a variety of drinks, such as sports drinks, energy drinks, enhanced fruit drinks, soy beverages, ready-to-drink tea and bottled water.
The functional beverage market in the United States has developed beyond being a niche category of drinks meant for better health and well-being. The wide variety of functional beverages makes available options that can appeal to many types of consumers who have become taste- and ingredient-conscious as well as more sophisticated about their overall food consumption. In its 2004 report on the United States functional beverages market, Frost & Sullivan cites the following trends in the functional beverages market:
| • | physical fitness and mental well-being are the core needs driving the functional beverage industry; |
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| • | the variety of functional beverages has grown to appeal to almost all demographics of consumers; |
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| • | the growing ethnic population in the United States influences beverage consumption patterns with their use of novel ingredients; and |
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| • | while still a small segment of the competitive and already crowded beverage industry, functional beverages have splintered into many subcategories with their own consumer target markets. |
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BCC estimates that the functional beverage segment of the industry will grow from approximately $8.7 billion in 2002 to approximately $11.5 billion in 2007, despite a decline in overall beverage industry growth rate. BCC estimates that the chilled juice market will increase from approximately $3.0 billion to approximately $4.2 billion from 2002 to 2007 and that sports drinks will increase from approximately $2.0 billion in 2002 to approximately $2.6 billion in 2007.
According to “New Nutrition Business,” a journal for healthy eating, functional foods and nutraceuticals, in recent years, there has been a trend toward increased consumption of dietary supplements, as well as foods and beverages that assist the human body in preventing and controlling certain diseases. We believe that the growing demand and awareness for functional beverages will increase consumer acceptance of dietary supplements and enlarge this category’s share of the total beverage market.
We believe growth in the functional foods market is driven by the following trends:
| • | increasing medical acceptance and recommendation of supplements, vitamins and health foods; |
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| • | increasing consumer desire to avoid prescription drugs and seek non-medical treatment options; |
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| • | growing number of consumers seeking health benefits in food and beverages; |
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| • | growing number of consumers seeking to avoid certain unhealthy attributes in foods and beverages; and |
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| • | growing scientific interest in the problems of inflammation and a compromised immune system. |
Many of these trends are a result of the fact that the U.S. population over 35 years of age is growing 20% faster than the overall population. Therefore, these issues are of concern to an increasing proportion of the population.
Micronutrients: History and Development of LactoActin and LactoMune
Micronutrients, which include vitamins, minerals and certain other chemical agents, are nutrients that play important roles in the production of enzymes, hormones and other substances that help to regulate growth, activity, development and functioning of the immune and other body systems. Cow’s milk naturally contains many vital micronutrients, but generally in minute quantities. The body receives these nutrients only in minute quantities, which is why they are referred to as “micronutrients.”
The health benefits of our beverages are based on more than 35 years of clinical research conducted by Stolle Milk Biologics, Inc. (“SMBI”). SMBI’s work was based on earlier research that demonstrated that a cow’s natural process of creating antibodies to the antigens present in an immune stimulant injected into the cow was passed to the milk of that cow and could benefit humans who consumed that milk. In addition, that milk could be concentrated, and the biological factors present in liquid milk could be maintained in concentrated form and could benefit humans who consumed the milk or the concentrated milk.
Dairy cows are routinely immunized for the purpose of protecting the cow from diseases known to affect cows, some of which may also affect humans. SMBI developed and patented proprietary cow immune stimulants that target a broad spectrum of bacterial antigens that are specific to humans. The immune stimulants are the Stolle Milk Biologics Inc. Series 100 Immune Stimulant. The stimulant consists of 26 different strains of killed bacteria. The stimulant is manufactured by independent licensed serum manufacturing companies. The immunization induces the treated cows to produce antibodies, Immunogloublin G (“IGG”) and Anti-Inflammatory Factor (“AIF”). The presence and level of the micronutrients is measured through the full production process, beginning with the levels present at the first milking after inoculation, through collection of the fluid milk and the concentration process. SMBI trademarked these micronutrients under the name LactoMune for the immune stimulant and LactoActin for the anti-inflammatory stimulant.
SMBI’s unique immune stimulant, as well as the SMBI micronutrients resulting from the immunizations, are the subject of patent protection. LactoMune and LactoActin are secreted into the milk of the treated cows, which is then processed into nonfat skim milk powder, milk protein concentrate and whey protein concentrate under strictly controlled conditions to minimize inactivation and prevent destruction of the micronutrients. This gentle, low heat process reduces the lactose and salts in the milk. The resulting products also are free of hormones, antibiotics and genetic alteration.
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The milk and whey micronutrient concentrates produced from the cows injected with SMBI’s proprietary immunizations have been used in more than 20 independent but small-scale human and animal clinical studies, which generally conclude that milk and whey protein concentrates from these cows are effective in promoting the health benefits of LactoMune and LactoActin. In 2002, C.M. Colker, M. Swain, L. Lynch and D.A. Gingerich published in “Nutrition” Magazine a study of our NuVim beverage entitled, “The Effects of a Milk-Based Bioactive Micronutrient Beverage on Pain Symptoms and Activity of Adults with Osteoarthritis: A Double Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Evaluation.” This clinical study involved 31 human subjects and yielded similar results to the other micronutrient studies, when subjects consumed 12 ounces of NuVim daily for six weeks. There has been no follow up study, and therefore, we do not have clinical evidence that a shorter period of daily consumption might provide similar beneficial results.
Our Strategy
Our objective is to become a leading provider of good-tasting, nutritional beverages and beverage products based on the technology we license from SMBI. The elements of our business strategy include:
| • | increasing brand awareness of the NuVim brand through increased television advertising, sampling and other marketing activities; |
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| • | expanding sales for our existing product line into additional geographic markets and increasing sales in our current markets; |
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| • | introducing new products that we have developed, including the NuVim powder mix and the shelf-stable sports drink; |
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| • | expanding our distribution channels beyond the current concentration in supermarkets, to club warehouses, convenience stores, schools, business cafeterias, the military, drug stores, fast food outlets and other locations using the 16-ounce plastic bottle single-serving size; and using e-commerce and infomercials for selling of our powder mix product; and |
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| • | building the brand, growing revenues and achieving profitability in order to position NuVim as a possible joint venture or merger partner, in which NuVim’s brand as well as its marketing strengths could contribute to the combined venture, or as a possible acquisition candidate for one of the 13 multi-national food and beverage companies that might seek to add healthy product choices to their product offerings. |
Our Products
We have developed the NuVim beverage line of products to provide consumers with good-tasting beverages that also help strengthen the immune system, support muscle flexibility and promote sturdier joints. All of our products contain the proprietary micronutrients, LactoActin and LactoMune.
Current Products
Our initial product line consists of natural, fruit-flavored, refrigerated dietary supplement beverages. It is available in three flavors: Strawberry Vanilla, Orange Tangerine and Fruit Symphony. The product is available in 64-ounce cartons and currently is sold primarily in supermarkets. We also sell single-serving, 16-ounce bottles, which are available in Strawberry Vanilla and Orange Tangerine flavors. The smaller containers are currently marketed primarily to small grocery stores and delicatessens, plus a limited number of chain supermarkets in the New York metropolitan area.
In addition to containing LactoActin and LactoMune, NuVim refrigerated beverages are also fortified with vitamins and minerals including in an eight-ounce serving 100% of the minimum daily requirement of Vitamins E, C, B-12 and zinc, smaller quantities of Vitamin A and calcium and complete protein with all nine essential amino acids. The beverage is readily digestible, is virtually lactose-free and contains no fat, cholesterol or caffeine. An eight-ounce serving contains 70 calories, 10 grams of sugar and 12 grams of carbohydrates.
The 64-ounce size of NuVim is typically priced from $2.78 to over $4.00, depending on the supermarket, which is approximately a $0.10 to $0.20 premium over the everyday price of a 64-ounce carton of a nationally branded orange juice. The 16-ounce bottle is typically priced at approximately $1.29 to $1.59.
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New Product Development
We intend to develop the following additional products that deliver the same clinically-demonstrated health benefits as our current products:
| • | Powdered Drink Mix. Through our subsidiary, NuVim Powder LLC, during the first quarter of 2005 or as soon thereafter as possible, we plan to introduce a powdered drink mix that may be added to almost any milk, juice, yogurt, cereal or other beverage. We initially expect to have three flavors – chocolate, vanilla and strawberry – which will be sold in boxes of 30-packets of individual servings. |
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| • | New Flavors. We plan to introduce three new flavors of our 64-ounce size beverage – chocolate, vanilla and peach – at least one of which should be available for test marketing in 2005. |
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| • | Shelf-Stable Sports Drinks. We plan to test market shelf-stable NuVim sports drinks in the third quarter 2005 or as soon thereafter as possible. We will market this product in 20-ounce bottles, initially in three flavors – lemon lime, tangerine and fruit punch. |
Sales and Marketing
We target consumers seeking specific health benefits in foods or beverages, people taking vitamins or other supplements, healthy, active people and weight conscious consumers. The health profile of our consumers includes people with health concerns, people trying to boost their immunity and people with restrictive diets, such as diabetics or lactose-intolerant consumers.
Approximately 80% of our current sales are to refrigerated food warehouses that deliver our product and other brands of refrigerated products to individual supermarkets. Some of these warehouses are owned by the supermarket chains that stock our product, while others have contracts with a supermarket chain to warehouse and then deliver refrigerated products to their stores. For the year ended December 31, 2004, White Rose, a wholesaler that sells to a number of supermarket chains in New York such as Foodtown, Gristedes and Key Food, and Wakefern Foods, which supplies Shop Rite Supermarkets in the NewYork/New Jersey area, accounted for approximately 14% and 13% of our total gross sales, respectively.
Our 64-ounce refrigerated beverage product is primarily sold to consumers through supermarkets. We also sell the 16-ounce refrigerated beverage product to refrigerated food warehouses. Some of these warehouses sell their refrigerated products to independent smaller grocery stores or to large supermarkets that have only one or two stores. In addition, our 16-ounce beverage product is sold to distributors who only sell to foodservice outlets, such as cafeterias, schools, hospitals and convenience stores. Once adequate funding is available, we plan to expand the categories of customers to include club stores, nutrition centers and health food outlets.
During the third and fourth quarters of 2004, advertising activities included national television advertisements on CNN, TNT and TBS. We also ran television advertisements on CBS in the fourth quarter in selected markets. Although we temporarily discontinued these television advertisements in January 2005, we intend to resume television advertising following this offering. We also make use of supermarket advertising and consumer promotions, Internet advertising in conjunction with Dialog Group’s network of health-related consumer sites, product sampling and, when appropriate opportunities arise, sponsorship of sporting, health and wellness events and joint promotional opportunities with third parties. We also attend and present at health and nutraceutical trade shows and conferences. We also reach our customers and consumers through direct delivery of coupons and promotional materials, our website at www.nuvim.com and our toll-free number for consumer inquiries. Mr. Kundrat, our chairman and chief executive officer, is a member of the board of directors of the Dialog Group, Inc., and Mr. DeCrescenzo, who joined our board in January 2005, is the chairman and chief executive officer of Dialog Group. To date, we have not been charged for services provided to us by Dialog Group. However, we anticipate incurring charges for their services in upgrading our website in the near future and for their future web hosting services, although no specific agreements have been made.
Dick Clark is our public spokesperson and appears in our television advertisements, point of sale materials and on our website. We expect that he also will appear in the infomercials we are creating for broadcast on cable television beginning in 2005 to market our powder drink mix product.
Our public relations campaign helps to build awareness and credibility, as well as communicate the benefits of our products in a grass roots format to stimulate trial and repeat purchases. To accomplish this awareness, we have used user testimonials, press releases, regional publications and channel trade magazines, health, sports and lifestyle publications and third-party outreach to medical associations and foundations such as the American Cancer Society and American Diabetes
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Association, dieticians, health and wellness organizations. When the opportunity arises, we also participate in local television and radio appearances with our spokesperson, Dick Clark.
Distribution
We first introduced NuVim refrigerated beverages in the New York, New Jersey and Connecticut metropolitan area during the second quarter of 2000. We then expanded the distribution of our products into the Philadelphia, Baltimore, Washington, D.C., Harrisburg, Scranton, Wilkes-Barre and the State of Delaware marketing areas during the first quarter of 2001. In 2002 we further expanded into Virginia, Pittsburgh, Cleveland and upstate New York. In September 2004, began selling to Publix Super Markets, a chain of approximately 830 grocery stores located in Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee and South Carolina. As of November 30, 2004, our refrigerated beverages are available in approximately 2,800 supermarkets in all or part of 13 states (New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Virginia, Ohio, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee and South Carolina) and the District of Columbia. These accounts are serviced by a network of eight food brokers.
In August 2004, we established NuVim Powder LLC, of which we own 51%. The remaining 49% is owned 24% by the owner of our advertising production company, and 12.5% each by Dick Clark, our spokesperson, and Stanley H. Moger, one of our directors. The business plan for NuVim Powder contemplates that NuVim, Inc. will provide the powder mix product pursuant to our SMBI license and supply agreements to NuVim Powder for distribution. NuVim Powder will market the powder drink mix product through infomercials created for cable television by the advertising production company, featuring Dick Clark as NuVim’s spokesperson. Orders for our powder drink mix will be taken by telephone and mail-in response to our infomercials and on our website. We anticipate that NuVim Powder will begin distributing NuVim powder products in the first half of 2005.
Supply, Manufacturing and Order Processing
SMBI whey protein concentrate (“WPC”) containing LactoActin and LactoMune, which is the unique ingredient in our products, is extracted from the milk of approximately 30,000 pasture-fed cows in New Zealand, which is well known for maintaining high standards for dairy production and quality. We obtain our requirements of WPC under a supply agreement with SMBI (the “Supply Agreement”). See “Related Party Transactions” for information concerning our license agreement with SMBI (the “License Agreement”), which gives us the exclusive right to incorporate SMBI’s WPC into our dietary supplement beverages and the Supply Agreement under which we obtain our requirements of WPC from SMBI.
Our products are currently manufactured solely at Clover Farms Dairy in Reading, Pennsylvania, using WPC supplied by SMBI, plus milk protein concentrate and a blend of customized flavors, as well as other ingredients purchased from major domestic and international companies. Clover Farms purchases and maintains inventories of select ingredients, which allows for purchasing leverage that results in more favorable prices and service. We purchase all the other ingredients. Our refrigerated nutritional beverage is then packaged in 64-ounce juice cartons and 16-ounce plastic single-serving bottles. NuVim beverages have an 83-day shelf-life from the date of production. This compares favorably with fresh juice not made from concentrate and pasteurized milk.
NuVim beverages are produced under a strict quality assurance program. The product formulation and process steps for the production of NuVim products are documented in the NuVim, Inc. Quality Manual. This manual contains production formula and process instructions, as well as quality assurance testing required on a daily, batch basis, including, without limitation, daily microbiological testing. The HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point), which is in place at Clover Farms Dairy and is a requirement for all dairy operations in the United States, will be implemented at any new production site.
We expect to contract with other co-packer dairies in addition to Clover Farms in the future as the geographic scope of our distribution expands. We believe there are numerous qualified dairies throughout the United States that have sufficient capacity to meet our needs. This strategy allows us to operate without investing in plant and production equipment.
Our beverages are currently warehoused exclusively at Orefield Cold Storage in Orefield, Pennsylvania and distributed by Sommer Maid Creamery, a warehousing and transportation company in Doylestown, Pennsylvania. The services provided by Orefield Code Storage are available to us, in a competitive business environment. We have identified four competitive storage facilities within a 100 mile radius of the Orefield location. Each of the four facilities provide access to trucking services equal to the services provided by Sommer Maid Creamery. We do not consider our purchase order relationship with Orefield and Sommer Maid to be a material risk.
We use eight food broker organizations to obtain product orders from our major supermarket accounts which they send to us for fulfillment. These broker organizations also provide retail coverage in the supermarkets to insure that our products are stocked properly, priced correctly and rotated as needed. Each broker organization is paid on a commission basis for cases sold in their territory.
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Upon receiving an order, our products are shipped directly from the Orfield warehouse to customer warehouses, enabling “just in time” inventory levels for our finished products. Customers typically receive the product with a minimum of 50 days of shelf life. We control inventory management, production and invoicing.
Patents and Trademarks
SMBI has over 100 U.S. and foreign patents and patent applications that apply directly to NuVim products, which expire at various times between February 2005 and April 2017. In addition, in November 2003, NuVim was awarded a manufacturing process patent for milk protein concentrate beverages, which expires in March 2021.
SMBI granted to us for the term of the License Agreement the exclusive irrevocable license to use the NuVim trademark (the “NuVim Trademark”) (i) in North America for all purposes; and (ii) for certain prescribed uses outside North America. Upon the written consent of SMBI, which consent may not be unreasonably withheld, we also have a non-exclusive right to use and/or sublicense the NuVim Trademark outside of North America for uses not contemplated in, or subject to the License Agreement. Upon an agreed upon payment by us to SMBI on amounts owed to SMBI under the Supply Agreement, SMBI will assign the NuVim Trademark to us upon our written consent, provided that we are adequately funded to enable us to use the rights and fulfill the obligations under the License Agreement and the Supply Agreement. We anticipate that the assignment of this trademark will be consummated soon after completion of this offering. The trademark is currently in escrow pending completion of this offering.
LactoActin and LactoMune are trademarks of SMBI. Fruit Symphony is a trademark of NuVim.
SMBI retains responsibility for patent maintenance and filing applications for new technology and for infringement actions for the intellectual property licensed from SMBI. We are responsible for maintenance of our trademarks and for protecting those trademarks against infringement.
Competition
In a broad sense, all beverages are competitive with our dietary supplement beverages. When consumers buy NuVim, they most likely are not purchasing some alternative beverage choice, which could be any beverage, from bottled water to carbonated soda to milk or juice. Competition in the nutritional beverages market, in particular, which includes all of our existing and currently planned products, is intense, growing and evolving. The industry trend has moved from small start-up companies to industry participants that are large beverage companies or food conglomerates. These companies often have better cost control, product promotion and distribution networks than we are able to generate.
Competition is based primarily on product benefits, price, quality, customer service and marketing support. Our competition includes national, regional and local producers and distributors. Most of our competitors have significantly greater financial, managerial and technical resources than we do, which may put us at a competitive disadvantage. For instance, channels of distribution for our products often require the expenditure of significant and ongoing capital, which may put us at a disadvantage to better capitalized competition.
We believe that our current products are best positioned as a nutritional beverage and placed in supermarkets or other retail outlets in the refrigerated juice section. Competition is particularly intense among products in these nutritional beverage market segments. We believe our direct beverage competition in this market segment includes national, regional and local beverage manufacturers. We compete within the refrigerated fruit drink category, which includes national and regional brands such as Tropicana (owned by PepsiCo, Inc.) Minute Maid (owned by The Coca-Cola Company) and Florida’s Natural (a division of Citrus World, Inc.). In addition, a number of major supermarkets and other retail outlets market their own brand of fresh juices that compete with our products. Significant competitive pressure from these or other companies could negatively impact our sales and results of operations.
We have not yet begun producing, marketing and distributing our shelf-stable sports drink. When we enter that market, we will be principally competing with two widely known brands, Gatorade (owned by PepsiCo, Inc.) and Powerade (owned by The Coca-Cola Company). We believe we will be able to compete effectively through independent distributions with these products on the basis of the price, taste, quality, plus the added health benefits our products will provide. However, our competition has significantly greater name recognition, financial, managerial and technical resources than we do, which may put us at a competitive disadvantage. Our intent is to try to capture a small share of this very large and growing segment of the beverage industry.
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We also have not yet introduced our powder mix product. There are products on the market in tablet form, such as glucosamine and chondroitin, which claim to provide anti-inflammatory benefits, and powder whey and other products, of which there are many carried in health food stores, that claim to enhance the immune system. The competitors marketing these products include both small and large multi-national companies. We do not believe there is a competitive powder product currently available that offers the specific health benefits that our powder mix product will provide.
NuVim dietary supplement beverages are the only beverages sold in the United States containing the proprietary micronutrients LactoActin and LactoMune. Other companies sell milk and whey protein concentrate or products containing milk or whey protein concentrate, but they do not include the antibodies in the NuVim products that are secreted into the SMBI milk from the specially immunized cows. Therefore, we believe, our products provide health benefits to consumers that are not available in other products that contain milk-derived antibodies. We believe that NuVim is the only beverage product on the market derived from milk that has the anti-inflammatory as well as the enhanced immunity factor.
Although we have an exclusive licensing agreement with SMBI and are aware of no other beverage brands that are positioned as dietary supplements with claims promoting healthy joints and immune enhancement, it is possible that another larger, established company might enter the dietary supplement market and offer a product similar to ours with comparable benefits. Such a potential competitor may have a longer operating history and substantially greater financial, technical support and other assets and resources and may be able to respond more quickly to new or changing business situations. If such a company were to enter the segment of the beverage market we currently occupy, this could have a material adverse effect on our business and prospects.
Government Regulation
The FDA has primary regulatory authority over dietary supplements. In 1976, the FDA’s ability to regulate the composition of dietary supplements was restricted in several material respects by the Proxmire Amendment to the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act. Under this Amendment, the FDA is precluded from establishing maximum limits on the potency of vitamins, minerals and other dietary supplements, from limiting the combination or number of any vitamins, minerals or other food ingredients in dietary supplements and from classifying a vitamin, mineral or combination of vitamins and minerals, or dietary supplements as drugs solely because of their potency. However, the Proxmire Amendment did not affect the FDA’s authority to determine that a vitamin, mineral or other dietary supplement is a new drug on the basis of disease claims made in the product’s labeling. Such a determination would require deletion of the disease claims, or submission and FDA approval of a new drug application, which entails costly and time-consuming clinical studies over successive phases.
In October 1994, the DSHEA was enacted, which introduced a new statutory framework governing the composition and labeling of dietary supplements. Under this law, dietary supplements are permitted to make “statements of nutritional support” without FDA pre-approval. Such statements may describe how particular dietary ingredients affect the structure, function or general well-being of the body, or the mechanism of action by which a dietary ingredient may affect body structure, function or well-being, but may not state that a dietary supplement will diagnose, mitigate, treat, cure or prevent a disease. Nor can a claim be made that would be interpreted as a health claim. A company making a statement of nutritional support must possess adequate substantiating scientific evidence for the statement, disclose on the label that the FDA has not reviewed the statement and that the product is not intended to mitigate, treat, cure or prevent disease, and notify the FDA of the statement within 30 days after its initial use. Although the FDA has been notified of the statements of nutritional support made for our products, there can be no assurance that, at some time in the future, the FDA will not determine that a given statement of nutritional support which we make is a disease claim rather than an acceptable nutritional support statement relating to body function or structure. Such a determination would require deletion of the disease claim or, if it is to be used at all, our submission and the approval by the FDA of a new drug application (which would entail costly and time-consuming clinical studies) or revision to a health claim, which would, as noted above, require demonstration of significant scientific agreement and prior FDA approval.
We believe that we currently meet the requirements of DSHEA. Our structure/function claims are that the product helps build a strong total immune system, supports muscle flexibility and promotes sturdy joints. We believe that we are currently compliant with all material laws and that we maintain all material permits and licenses relating to our operation based on the current food labeling requirements under DSHEA.
Property
We currently lease approximately 2,200 square feet of office space in Paramus, New Jersey under a two-year lease that expires on December 31, 2006. The lease space is used as our executive offices, which we use for marketing and administrative needs. Since we use off-site co-packing and warehousing arrangements for the manufacture and distribution of our products,
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we do not require extensive facilities. We believe that our current leased property is adequate for our needs, but that additional or alternative space will be available at commercially reasonable rates if our requirements change.
Employees
As of April 30, 2005, we had seven employees. Of these seven, four are full-time employees and are our executive officers, and three are part-time employees, one of whom is in credit collection and management, one of whom is in consumer affairs and one of whom is in administration. Our corporate secretary also is a part-time consultant who, among other responsibilities, provides advice on Federal Trade Communication law.
Legal Proceedings
We are not a party to any material legal proceedings.
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MANAGEMENT
Executive Officers and Directors
Our executive officers and directors, including their ages as of April 30, 2005, and certain information about them are as follows:
Name | | Age | | Position |
| |
| |
|
Richard P. Kundrat | | 61 | | Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer |
Paul J. Young | | 67 | | Vice President of Operations |
John L. Sullivan | | 60 | | Vice President of Sales |
Michael Vesey | | 43 | | Chief Financial Officer |
Donald F. Farley | | 62 | | Director |
William C. Franke, Ph.D. | | 59 | | Director |
Stanley H. Moger | | 68 | | Director |
Frederick S. Pierce | | 71 | | Director |
Calvin L. Hodock | | 69 | | Director |
Peter V. DeCrescenzo | | 54 | | Director |
Background and Business Experience of Directors and Executive Officers
The following is a brief description of the principal occupation and recent business experience of each of our executive officers and directors:
Richard P. Kundrat has served since our inception as a director and our Chief Executive Officer. He was elected as our Chairman of the Board in March 2000. He has more than 30 years experience in the beverage industry, including a total of 27 years in various positions at Thomas J. Lipton, Inc., the Lipton subsidiary of Unilever NV, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey (“Unilever/Lipton”) from which he retired in June 1996. Upon his retirement form Unilever/Lipton, he founded the business management firm, Kundrat Associates, Mahwah, New Jersey, which he operated full-time until he joined NuVim in September 1999. From November 1991 to June 1996, Mr. Kundrat was the General Manager of the Unilever/Lipton and Pepsi-Cola partnership. From June 1987 to November 1991, he was the Vice President/General Manager of the Foodservice, Bottler, Dairy Division at Unilever/Lipton. Mr. Kundrat received his B.A. degree from the University of Scranton. He currently is a director of Dialog Group, Inc.
Paul J. Young has been our Vice President of Operations since March 2000. He has more than 30 years of manufacturing and processing experience as a senior executive in the food and beverage industry, holding various operating positions with Unilever/Lipton from which he retired in January 1998. Upon his retirement from Unilever/Lipton, Mr. Young operated a consulting business, Paul Young Enterprises, LLC until December 2003. Prior thereto, from January 1997 to January 1998, he served as the Vice President of Safety Health and Environment for Unilever North American Foods, and from August 1990 to January 1997, he was Vice President of Manufacturing & Engineering at Unilever/Lipton. Mr. Young received his B.S. degree from the University of Nebraska.
John L. Sullivan has served as our Vice President of Sales since March 2000. He has more than 35 years of sales management experience directing sales efforts in supermarkets, convenience stores, drug stores and mass merchandisers. For 32 years, he held various sales and marketing positions with Unilever/Lipton, including from September 1996 to September 1998, as Vice President of Sales – Food Service Division at Unilever/Lipton. Upon his retirement from Unilever/Lipton in September 1998 until he joined NuVim in March 2000, Mr. Sullivan worked as an independent consultant through his firm, John L. Sullivan and Partners, Haworth, New Jersey. He received his B.S. degree in Marketing from Fairleigh Dickenson University.
Michael Vesey has served as our Chief Financial Officer since November 2004. Prior to joining NuVim, from May 2003 to October 2004, Mr. Vesey served as an independent consultant advising companies on financial management issues. From September 2000 to May 2003, Mr. Vesey was the Chief Financial Officer of Dynamic Mobile Data Systems, Inc., an early stage company developing wireless communications software solutions for the transportation and field service industries. From September 1999 to September 2000, he served as the Director of Financial Management for
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Cingular Interactive, a national provider of wireless data and Internet-based communications systems. Mr. Vesey is a Certified Public Accountant, and he earned his B.B.A. degree from Pace University.
Donald F. Farley has been a director of NuVim since November 1999. Since June 1998, he has served as Chief Executive Officer of Spencer Trask Specialty Group, LLC, a firm principally engaged in the business investing in securities, and as Chairman of the Board of Directors of Stolle Milk Biologics, Inc., a company that provides wellness-enhancing products derived from milk-based technology, of which Spencer Trask is the controlling stockholder. Since November 2000, he also has served as Chairman of the Board of Vyteris, Inc., a private drug delivery technology company. He has more than 30 years of experience with Pfizer, Inc., where he was a senior executive in various technical and business assignments. He received his B.S. degree from The University of Rhode Island and his MBA from the University of Hartford.
William C. Franke, Ph.D. was elected to our Board of Directors in September 2003. Since May 2001, he has been the Associate Director of the Center for Advanced Food Technology at Rutgers University. Before he assumed that position, he was Vice President Scientific and Regulator Affairs at Unilever North America, a position he held from March 1999 to April 2001. He received his B.S, M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Food Science from Rutgers University.
Stanley H. Moger was elected to our Board of Directors in March2004. Since January1998, he has served as President of SFM Entertainment, LLC, a provider of media services to major corporations. He received his B.A. degree from Colby College.
Frederick S. Pierce was elected to our Board of Directors in September 2004. Since its founding in 1989, he has served as President of The Frederick Pierce Company, Inc., which produces programming for television, cable and motion picture theaters. Mr. Pierce served as President of the American Broadcasting Companies, Inc. (ABC) from January 1983 until January 1986, during which time he had overall responsibility for all operating divisions plus the financial, legal and corporate staff of ABC, while also serving on the Executive Committee of the Board of Directors. He received his B.A. degree from City College of New York. Mr. Pierce is a member of the Board of Trustees of The American Film Institute (AFI) and previously served as AFI’s Chairman of the Board for four years.
Peter V. DeCrescenzo was elected to our Board of Directors in January 2005. He has been the President and Chief Executive Officer of Dialog Group, Inc. since March 2003. Dialog Group is a provider of relationship marketing communications services, business and consumer targeting databases for the healthcare, financial and other direct-to-consumer, direct-to-professional business markets. From November 2000 to March 2003, he served as President and Chief Executive Officer of HealthCare Dialog, a direct marketing company specializing in healthcare. In March 2000, HealthCare Dialog was acquired by Dialog Group, Inc. From October 1993 until November 2000, Mr. DeCrescenzo was the founding partner of PVD and Partners, a full-service healthcare marketing and communications agency. He has been the Chairman of the Board of Dialog Group, Inc. since April 2003. He received a BBA degree from Pace University.
Calvin L. Hodock was elected to our Board of Directors in April 2005. For more than five years, Mr. Hodock has been the President and Managing Partner of The Hodock Group, a marketing consulting and research company, located in Skillman, New Jersey. Since June 2002, he also has served as Professor of Marketing, Berkeley College and from June 2002 to December 2003, he served as Adjunct Professor, Stern School of Business, New York University. He received his B.B.A degree from the University of Cincinnati and his M.S. degree in Marketing from the University of Illinois.
Directors are elected annually at the annual meeting of stockholders to hold office for one year, and until their successors are duly elected and qualified. NuVim has not set the date for its first annual meeting following this offering, but expects to schedule a meeting during 2005. Board vacancies and newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors may be filled by a majority vote of the directors then in office, even if less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director. The executive officers are appointed by the Board and serve at their discretion. There are no family relationships among the directors or executive officers of NuVim.
Special Advisor to the Chairman of the Board
Peter B. Hutt, who previously served on our Board of Directors, has been appointed to serve as a special advisor to the Chairman of the Board, specifically to consult on Food and Drug Administration matters. Since 1965, Mr. Hutt has been a partner at the law firm of Covington & Burling, where he specializes in food and drug law. Mr. Hutt served as Chief Counsel for the Food and Drug Administration from 1971 to 1975 and has taught courses on food and drug law at Harvard Law School and Stanford Law School.
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Promoter
Spencer Trask Specialty Group was instrumental in forming our company. Kevin Kimberlin is the principal owner and non-member manager of Spencer Trask and has been involved with Spencer Trask since the formation of NuVim. Mr. Kimberlin also controls other Spencer Trask entities that own our securities. In addition, he exercises voting and investment control over the NuVim securities held by the Spencer Trask entities. As such, Mr. Kimberlin may be deemed to be a promoter of NuVim.
Board Committees
The Board of Directors currently has three standing committees: an Audit Committee, a Compensation Committee and a Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee.
Audit Committee. Our Audit Committee oversees our accounting and financial reporting processes, internal systems of accounting and financial controls, relationships with independent auditors, and audits of financial statements. Specific responsibilities include the following:
| • | selecting, hiring and terminating our independent auditors; |
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| • | evaluating the qualifications, independence and performance of our independent auditors; |
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| • | approving the audit and non-audit services to be performed by the independent auditors; |
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| • | reviewing the design, implementation, adequacy and effectiveness of our internal controls and critical accounting policies; |
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| • | overseeing and monitoring the integrity of our financial statements and our compliance with legal and regulatory requirements as they relate to financial statements or accounting matters; |
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| • | with management and our independent auditors, reviewing any earnings announcements and other public announcements regarding our results of operations; and |
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| • | preparing the report that the Securities and Exchange Commission requires in our annual proxy statement. |
Our Audit Committee is comprised Messrs. Pierce, Franke and DeCrescenzo. Mr. Pierce serves as Chairman. The Board has determined all members of the Audit Committee are independent under the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the Pacific Exchange. The Board has determined that Mr. Pierce qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert,” as defined by the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Compensation Committee. Our Compensation Committee assists our Board of Directors in determining the development plans and compensation of our officers, directors and employees. Specific responsibilities include the following:
| • | approving the compensation and benefits of our executive officers; |
| | |
| • | reviewing the performance objectives and actual performance of our officers; and |
| | |
| • | administering our stock option and other equity compensation plans. |
Our Compensation Committee is comprised of Messrs. Hodock and Franke. Mr. Hodock serves as Chairman. The Board has determined that all members of the Compensation Committee are independent under the rules of the Pacific Exchange.
Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee. Our Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee assists the Board by identifying and recommending individuals qualified to become members of our Board of Directors, reviewing correspondence from our stockholders, and establishing, evaluating and overseeing our corporate governance guidelines. Specific responsibilities include the following:
| • | evaluating the composition, size and governance of our Board of Directors and its committees and make recommendations regarding future planning and the appointment of directors to our committees; |
| | |
| • | establishing a policy for considering stockholder nominees for election to our Board of Directors; |
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| • | evaluating and recommending candidates for election to our Board of Directors; |
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| • | reviewing our corporate governance principles and providing recommendations to the Board regarding possible changes; and |
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| • | reviewing and monitoring compliance with our Code of Ethics and our insider trading policy. |
Our Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee is comprised of Messrs. Franke, DeCrescenzo and Hodock. Mr. Franke serves as Chairman. The Board has determined that all members of the Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee are independent under the Pacific Exchange rules.
Director Compensation
We have never paid cash compensation to our directors, but directors have, from time to time, received shares of common stock and option grants. Under the 2005 Directors Stock Option Plan, which becomes effective upon the closing of this offering, upon joining the Board, each director will receive an option to purchase 10,000 shares of common stock, which vests and becomes exercisable over three years in equal installments. Thereafter, in each year of service on the Board, the director is eligible to receive an option to purchase 7,500 shares. Each director also receives an option to purchase an additional 500 shares for each committee on which that director serves, except that each year the chairman of the Audit Committee receive an option to purchase 4,000 shares and the chairmen of the Compensation Committee and the Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee each receive an annual option to purchase 2,000 shares as compensation for their services as chairman of the committees. The annual options will be immediately vested and exercisable. See “ – 2005 Directors Stock Option Plan.”
Non-employee directors are reimbursed for their reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in attending meetings of the Board of Directors.
Executive Compensation
The following table sets forth certain information concerning total compensation received by our Chief Executive Officer and our two other most highly compensated executive officers during the last year (the “Named Officers”) for services rendered to NuVim in all capacities for the three years ended December 31, 2004. No other executive officer received more than $100,000 in total compensation during the last fiscal year.
Summary Compensation Table
| | | | | Annual Compensation | | Long-Term Compensation – Awards | |
| | | | | |
| |
| | | | |
| | Securities Underlying Options (#) | |
Name and Principal Position | | Year | | Salary ($) | | Bonus ($) | | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Richard P. Kundrat | | | 2004 | | $ | 175,000 | | | 0 | | | 0 | |
Chairman of the Board and CEO | | | 2003 | | $ | 175,000 | | | 110,000 | | | 1,450 | (1) |
| | | 2002 | | $ | 189,515 | | | 0 | | | 0 | |
Paul J. Young | | | 2004 | | $ | 150,000 | | | 0 | | | 0 | |
Vice President of Operations | | | 2003 | | $ | 150,000 | | | 0 | | | 1,250 | (1) |
| | | 2002 | | $ | 154,000 | | | 0 | | | 1,128 | (1) |
John L. Sullivan | | | 2004 | | $ | 150,000 | | | 0 | | | 0 | |
Vice President of Sales | | | 2003 | | $ | 150,000 | | | 0 | | | 1,250 | (1) |
| | | 2002 | | $ | 160,000 | | | 0 | | | 1,128 | (1) |
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(1) | Securities issued were warrants, exercisable at $11.00 per share for seven years. These warrants were voluntarily cancelled in 2004. |
In 2001, we issued 1,819 shares of common stock as a signing bonus to each of Messrs. Sullivan and Young. The shares were not subject to vesting or performance conditions. The board of directors determined that the fair market value of these shares was $55 per share for an aggregate signing bonus of $100,000. In 2002, Mr. Young received 1,310 shares in lieu of a cash payment of $72,000 of 2001 salary, and Mr. Sullivan received 546 shares in lieu of a cash payment of $30,000 of 2001 salary. The salaries and bonus reflected in the above table have been accrued for the period August 2002 through November 2004. In 2003, the Named Officers accepted shares of common stock at $11 per share in payment of one-half of the salary owed to them for the months of February through July 2003 as follows: Mr. Kundrat was issued 3,955 shares for $43,750 of
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salary, Mr. Young was issued 3,410 shares for $37,500 of salary and Mr. Sullivan was issued 3,410 shares for $37,500 of salary. In November 2004, we issued shares of our common stock to each of the Named Officers in payment of the remaining deferred salaries and bonus through December 31, 2003. Mr. Kundrat was issued 77,271 shares for $298,500 of accrued salaries and bonus, Mr. Young was issued 30,949 shares for $162,500 of accrued salary and Mr. Sullivan was issued 39,646 shares for $162,500 of accrued salary. Because no public market existed for our common stock during at the time of the issuances of these shares, all of the shares issued to the Named Officers in lieu of cash salaries or bonuses were valued based upon the good faith determination of the Board of Directors of the then fair market value of our common stock, taking into account such factors as the price at which unrelated third parties had purchased our securities, our revenues and net losses and the relative strength of our balance sheet.
In April 2005, the Named Officers agreed to take additional shares of common stock in payment of additional accrued salary owed to them through February 2005. These shares, which are part of a restructuring plan in which our executive officers, the bridge lenders and certain creditors participated, will be issued concurrently with the closing of the offering, at a price of $3.00 per share. The shares to be issued to the Named Officers are as follows: 63,195 shares for $189,584 of accrued salary to Mr. Kundrat and 54,167 shares for $162,500 of accrued salary owed to each of Messrs. Sullivan and Young.
See “Related Party Transactions – Accrued Executive Salaries.”
Option Grants in Last Year
No options were granted to the Named Officers during the year ended December 31, 2004.
Option Exercises and Holdings
None of the Named Officers acquired any shares of common stock upon exercise of options during the year ended December 31, 2004. In addition, Mr. Young and Mr. Sullivan, who previously had been granted options, agreed to cancel them as part of the overall restructuring plan prior to this offering. As a result, no Named Officers held any options, whether exercisable or unexercisable, as of December 31, 2004.
Employment Agreements
Each of our officers serves at the discretion of our Board of Directors. In September 2004, we entered into employment agreements with Richard P. Kundrat, our Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, John L. Sullivan, our Vice President of Sales and Paul Young, our Vice President of Operations. These agreements expire in 2007. Mr. Kundrat’s base salary is $225,000 per year; Messrs. Sullivan and Young are entitled to receive $175,000 in base salary annually. These base salaries are subject to increase at the discretion of the Board. Under each employment agreement, the executive is entitled to participate in an annual bonus program, if and when such program is adopted by the Board. Each executive’s receipt of bonus compensation is within the sole discretion of the Board of Directors, and the Board has the right to alter, amend or eliminate all or any part of any bonus at any time, without compensation. Each executive also is entitled to participate in all of our employee benefit plans, including any stock plan adopted by the Board that permits participation by executive officers. The executive officers currently do not receive company-provided health insurance or any similar benefits under their respective agreements. The Board may terminate each agreement at any time for “cause” or in the event of the executive’s disability or death. If the agreement is terminated without “cause,” the executive is entitled to one year’s base salary, in addition to any other accrued benefits which have been earned or become payable as of the date of the termination. In the event that the agreement is terminated because of death or disability, we will continue to pay the executive’s full salary through the end of the month in which his period of employment ends, together with any benefits which have been earned or become payable as of the termination date. As part of each agreement, the executive has signed a nondisclosure, developments and nonsolicitation agreement, in which he agrees, among other things, to protect our confidential information, not to solicit our employees, and not to breach any agreements with third parties.
In December 2004, we entered into an employment agreement with Michael Vesey, our Chief Financial Officer. The agreement provides for an initial $150,000 annual base salary, subject to periodic increases as may be determined by the Compensation Committee, the possibility of bonuses and stock option grants, in the discretion of the Compensation Committee, reimbursement of expenses and health insurance. The agreement has no specific termination date. The Board may terminate the agreement at any time for “cause” or in the event of disability or death. If the agreement is terminated without “cause,” Mr. Vesey is entitled to one year’s base salary, in addition to any other accrued benefits which have been earned or become payable as of the date of the termination. As part of the agreement, Mr. Vesey signed a nondisclosure and nonsolicitation agreement, in which he agreed, among other things, to protect our confidential information, not to solicit our employees and not to breach any agreements with third parties.
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2005 Incentive Stock Option Plan
Our Board of Directors recently adopted, and stockholders approved, the 2005 NuVim Incentive Stock Option Plan, which will become effective upon the closing of this offering and expire ten years later. The plan authorizes us to issue options to purchase, in the aggregate, up to 1,500,000 shares of our common stock to employees, officers and consultants.
The plan is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. Subject to the provisions of this plan, the committee determines who will receive the options, the number of options granted, the manner of exercise and the exercise price of the options. The term of incentive stock options granted under the plan may not exceed ten years, or five years for options granted to an optionee owning more than 10% of our voting stock. The exercise price of an incentive stock option granted under this plan must be equal to or greater than the fair market value of the shares of our common stock on the date the option is granted. The exercise price of a non-qualified option granted under this plan must be equal to or greater than 85% of the fair market value of the shares of our common stock on the date the option is granted. An incentive stock option granted to an optionee owning more than 10% of our voting stock must have an exercise price equal to or greater than 110% of the fair market value of our common stock on the date the option is granted.
It is expected that the following grants will be made on the effective date of the plan to our executive officers at the per share IPO price:
| • Richard P. Kundrat | 300,000 options, immediately vested and exercisable; 102,500 options, vested and exercisable in 1/3 annual increments, commencing one year from the date of grant; |
| | |
| • John L. Sullivan | 125,000 options, immediately vested and exercisable; 102,500 options, vested and exercisable in 1/3 annual increments, commencing one year from the date of grant; |
| | |
| • Paul J. Young | 125,000 options, immediately vested and exercisable; 102,500 options, vested and exercisable in 1/3 annual increments, commencing one year from the date of grant; |
| | |
| • Michael Vesey | 125,000 options, vested and exercisable in 1/3 annual increments, commencing one year from the date of grant. |
2005 Directors Stock Option Plan
Our Board of Directors recently adopted, and the stockholders approved, the 2005 NuVim Directors Stock Option Plan, under which we have established in advance the option grants we will make to our directors when they join the Board, annual option grants thereafter and compensation for serving on our Board committees. The plan, which will become effective upon the closing of this offering and expires ten years later, provides for the grant of 200,000 incentive and non-qualified stock options, although only employee directors are eligible to receive grants of incentive stock options.
Under the plan, each director, including any director who is an employee, is awarded 10,000 options upon the effective date of the plan, or upon joining the Board, whichever is later. These options, which will have an exercise price equal to the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant, will vest and become exercisable in equal installments over three years. Thereafter, in each year of service on the Board, the plan provides that each director is eligible to receive an option to purchase 7,500 shares, with an exercise price equal to the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant. The plan further provides that directors will also annually receive an option to purchase an additional 500 shares for each committee on which that director serves, except that each year the chairman of the Audit Committee receive an option to purchase 4,000 shares and the chairmen of the Compensation Committee and the Corporate Governance and Nominating Committees each receive an annual option to purchase 2,000 shares. These annual options will immediately vest and be exercisable. The initial 10,000 option grants per director and the 2005 annual option grants for board and committee memberships and chairmanships will automatically be made on the effective date of the plan.
The term of incentive stock options granted under the plan may not exceed ten years, or five years for options granted to an optionee owning more than 10% of our voting stock. The exercise price of an incentive stock option granted under this plan must be equal to or greater than the fair market value of the shares of our common stock on the date the option is granted. The exercise price of options under the plan is equal to the fair market value of our stock on the date of grant,
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except if the option is an incentive stock option granted to an employee director owning more than 10% of our voting stock. In that case, the option must have an exercise price equal to or greater than 110% of the fair market value of our common stock on the date the option is granted.
Historical Incentive Stock Plans
Stock Option Plans
We established stock option plans in 2000, 2001 and 2002, pursuant to which our officers, directors, other key executives, consultants, employees, service providers and independent contractors were granted options to purchase shares of our common stock at a per share exercise price equal to or greater than the fair market price of the common stock at the time the option was granted. In each instance, the fair market value was determined by the board of directors, taking into consideration the factors they deemed important in setting the value, including, among other factors, the price at which securities had been sold to unaffiliated third parties as well as results of operations and the relative strength of the balance sheet. We currently have an aggregate of 15,316 outstanding options under these past plans.
Equity Incentive Plans
We established equity incentive plans for the years 2000 and 2001, pursuant to which our officers, directors, other key executives, consultants, employees, service providers and independent contractors were granted restricted shares of our common stock. We awarded 11,660 restricted shares under the 2000 plan and 3,075 under the 2001 plan, of which 2,784 shares were issued in lieu of accrued salaries. As of December 31, 2004, there are 14,735 restricted shares outstanding under these plans. The plans do not provide for any additional grants in subsequent years so there will be no further awards made under any of these plans. The plans provide that to the extent a restricted stock award that has not vested at the time of termination of employment for any reason other than death, permanent disability or retirement after age 65, such unvested portion shall be forfeited. If employment terminates as a result of death, permanent disability or retirement after the age of 65, the unvested award vests on the vesting date set forth in the equity grant agreement.
Limitation of Liability and Indemnification Matters
Our Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws provide for indemnification against liabilities of our directors, officers, employees and agents, and any person who serves at our request as a director, officer, employee, member or agent of another corporation, partnership, or other enterprise as provided by Delaware law. Our obligation to indemnify the individuals described above is limited to those instances in which the individual either: (i) is successful in the lawsuit; or (ii) acted in good faith in the transaction which is the subject of the lawsuit, and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in, or not opposed to, the best interests of the Company. In the case of a suit brought by or in the right of the Company against any of the above-described individuals, such individuals will not be indemnified to the extent that they have been found liable for gross negligence or willful misconduct, unless the court involved determines that the individual is entitled to indemnification. Our indemnity obligations require us to indemnify these individuals or entities against certain liabilities, including attorneys’ fees, which may arise by reason of their status with or service for the Company. In connection with our indemnification obligation, we may advance expenses to these individuals as they are incurred, provided that they undertake to repay the amount advanced unless it is determined that they are entitled to indemnification. We maintain insurance covering our directors and officers.
Our Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws make provisions for the indemnification of officers, directors and other corporate agents in terms sufficiently broad to indemnify such persons, under certain circumstances, for liabilities (including reimbursement of expenses incurred) arising under the Securities Act. Insofar as we may permit indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act to directors, officers, and controlling persons pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, we have been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy, as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable.
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RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Our Relationship with Spencer Trask Specialty Group, LLC (“Spencer Trask”) and Stolle Milk Biologics, Inc. (“SMBI”)
Prior to this offering and assuming conversion of all outstanding shares of Series A and Series C preferred stock, Spencer Trask and its controlled subsidiary, SMBI, collectively own 579,426 shares of our common stock, which represents approximately 33% of our outstanding capital stock. After the offering, Spencer Trask and SMBI will own approximately 13% of our common stock. Donald F. Farley, the Chief Executive Officer of Spencer Trask and the Chairman of the Board of SMBI, is also a member of our Board of Directors. Our interests may not always be aligned with the interests of Spencer Trask and SMBI. Any future dealings with Spencer Trask of SMBI will require approval by the Board of Directors and a separate review and approval of the transaction by the Audit Committee.
Following is a description of our current relationships with SMBI and Spencer Trask or those transactions or series of transactions with them that have occurred during the past two years where the amount involved was at least $60,000. There were other transactions with affiliates of Spencer Trask more than two years ago.
Transactions with SMBI
In 2000, we entered into a License Agreement with SMBI. In May 2004, we amended and restated the License Agreement. Under the amended agreement, we have the exclusive worldwide license (except in New Zealand, Australia and Asia) to use all of SMBI’s issued and pending patents covering SMBI milk-derived products, the intellectual property for the manufacture of such products, trade secrets, formulae, processes, know-how and methods (collectively, “SMBI Intellectual Property”) for the development, manufacture and sale of carbonated and non-carbonated beverages (and powders based on such beverages designed for reconstitution). Our license does not include fluid milk, milk concentrates or powders, milk blend beverages, yogurt or yogurt blend beverages and nutritional meal replacement products. We have the right to sublicense the SMBI Intellectual Property to other beverage companies or suppliers in the licensed territory solely for uses consistent with the uses contemplated by the License Agreement, subject to SMBI’s consent, which cannot be unreasonably withheld.
In the event either SMBI alone or SMBI, in collaboration with us, develops any improvements, including all improvements, developments, formulae, ingredients, trademarks, trade names, copyrights, variations and innovations relating in any way to the License Agreement or SMBI’s intellectual property as that term would apply to products supplied by SMBI, the License Agreement provides that such improvements will be the sole property of SMBI. However, the License Agreement does grant us the exclusive right to use and/or sell any improvement resulting from the License Agreement that is consistent with the uses that are the subject of, and permitted by, the License Agreement.
For the licensed right, we have agreed to pay SMBI annual royalty payments on a sliding scale as follows: (i) 2% on the first $75 million of net annual sales, (ii) 1.5% royalty for the next $75 million; and (iii) a 1% royalty thereafter. We also have agreed to share royalties equally on sales by sublicensees. During 2003 and 2004, we accrued royalties of $36,000 and $21,000, respectively, to SMBI under the License Agreement. As of December 31, 2004, we are indebted to SMBI in the amount of approximately $21,000 under the License Agreement.
The License Agreement expires in May 2014 and will be automatically renewed for two two-year terms, unless terminated sooner in accordance with the License Agreement. The License Agreement may be terminated by mutual agreement, if a party breaches or defaults in the performance or observance of such party’s material obligations under the License Agreement that is not cured within 60 days after receipt of written notice by the other party or in the event of bankruptcy, upon 15 days written notice. In addition, SMBI has the right to terminate the License Agreement if the Supply Agreement with SMBI is terminated by its terms.
In connection with the bridge loan we received in 2004 (see “— Bridge Financing,” below), SMBI consented to an amendment to the License Agreement under which SMBI would assign to us the NuVim trademark upon our written request following payment of at least $200,000 of the amount we currently owe SMBI. We paid $140,000 of the $200,000 required for the assignment out of the proceeds of the bridge loan and anticipate making the final $60,000 payment out of the net proceeds of this offering.
SMBI whey protein concentrate (“WPC”), which contains SMBI’s patented micronutrients, LactoMune and LactoActin, is the key ingredient in our products. In January 2000, we had entered into the Supply Agreement with SMBI, which also was
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amended and restated in May 2004. Under the Supply Agreement, SMBI agrees to use commercially reasonable efforts to supply us with our full requirement of WPC upon which our product depends. The current agreement expires in 2014, with automatic renewals for two two-year terms unless either party gives notice, six months prior to the end of any term, of intent not to renew. Under the Supply Agreement, SMBI will not give such notice if we demonstrate, to its satisfaction, that we have used our best reasonable commercial efforts to meet the established minimum purchase requirements.
The minimum purchase requirements will be negotiated each year by the parties, with provision in the Supply Agreement to establish the minimum purchase requirements of WPC if an agreement cannot be reached in a particular year. We began using WPC as a replacement for milk protein concentrate from SMBI in the fourth quarter of 2003. During 2003, we purchased 2.4 metric tons of WPC and used approximately 1.4 metric tons, leaving a 1 metric ton surplus at the end of 2003. However, during the fourth quarter of 2003, the SMBI ingredient used by us was reformulated, and we shifted from purchasing milk protein concentrate, which requires a significantly greater amount for NuVim’s purposes, to WPC, and this had an impact on the amount of WPC we used in that year. In 2004, we purchased 1.4 metric tons and used approximately 2.4 metric tons. For 2005 and 2006, we currently anticipate needing three metric tons and four metric tons, respectively, and these amounts will constitute the minimum purchase amounts under the Supply Agreement if the parties are unable to agree upon an amount in either of those years. However, if this offering is not completed by May 31, 2005, that amount is set at 12 metric tons by the agreement. For each calendar year in which we fail to purchase the “minimum purchase requirement,” we are required to pay SMBI a sum equal to the contract price for the shortfall of the amount of product we did not purchase. If we fail to purchase the “minimum purchase requirement” for two consecutive years, regardless of whether we make the required shortfall payment, then SMBI agrees to negotiate in a good faith a non-exclusive supply agreement with us on terms similar to those offered to other SMBI customers.
The Supply Agreement may be terminated by mutual agreement, if a party breaches or defaults in the performance or observance of its material obligations under the License Agreement that is not cured within 60 days (10 days for a monetary breach) after receipt of written notice by the other party, in the event of bankruptcy, upon 15 days written notice, or upon six months written notice by either party if any statute, rule or regulation is enacted or deemed applicable to the products covered by the Supply Agreement that would impose a substantial economic burden if the supply arrangement is continued. In addition, SMBI has the right to terminate the Supply Agreement if the License Agreement with SMBI is terminated by its terms.
SMBI measures and tests every batch of WPC ingredient for the micronutrients, LactoActin and LactoMune, to ensure that quality specifications for biological activity are met. SMBI has agreed to keep in inventory in the United States, an amount of product equal to our average one-month order for the most recent calendar quarter for such product. Costs for any special product development or improvement projects are shared equally between SMBI and us following both parties’ agreement to the costs.
In 2002 and 2003, we purchased $810,000 and $245,000, respectively, of product under the Supply Agreement. As of December 31, 2004, we are indebted to SMBI under the Supply Agreement in the amount of $431,000. In February 2005, we paid $40,000 out of the fourth tranche of our bridge loan. In March 2005, we agreed to pay an amount aggregating $453,000 out of the proceeds of this offering in full settlement of outstanding accounts payable, royalties and interest through the date of payment, and in consideration for assignment to us the NuVim trademark.
Transactions with Spencer Trask
Spencer Trask has guaranteed our obligations under a $2,500,000 line of credit from Bank of Wachovia pursuant to which we have borrowed the full amount. In consideration for the guarantee, we issued five-year warrants to purchase 54,546 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $55.00 per share.
We have borrowed money from Spencer Trask, Spencer Trask Private Equity Fund I LP and Spencer Trask Private Equity Fund II LP, all of which are stockholders of our company, from time to time since September 2002. All of the loans were
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at 8% interest through December 31, 2002 and 14% thereafter. The proceeds were used for working capital and general corporate purposes. These loans are summarized below:
Date | | Principal | | Maturity Date | | Balance as of April 30, 2005, Including Interest (1) | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
September 13, 2002(2) | | $ | 200,000 | | | December 31, 2002 | | $ | 270,089 | |
September 13, 2002(3) | | | 100,000 | | | December 31, 2002 | | | 135,045 | |
September 13, 2002(4) | | | 1,700,000 | | | December 31, 2002 | | | 2,393,020 | |
February 10, 2003(4) | | | 200,000 | | | August 10, 2003 | | | 254,889 | |
February 27, 2003(4) | | | 100,000 | | | August 27, 2003 | | | 127,384 | |
March 3, 2003(4) | | | 50,000 | | | September 3, 2003 | | | 63,608 | |
March 18, 2003(4) | | | 130,000 | | | September 3, 2003 | | | 164,949 | |
| | | | | | | |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | $ | 3,408,984 | |
| | | | | | | |
|
| |
|
(1) | Includes accrued interest from predecessor notes, where applicable. |
(2) | Loaned by Spencer Trask Private Equity Fund I LP. |
(3) | Loaned by Spencer Trask Private Equity Fund II LP. |
(4) | Loaned by Spencer Trask Specialty Group, LLC. |
In connection with these loans, we also issued to Spencer Trask an aggregate of 2,000,000 Series C preferred stock warrants in September 2002 and 2,500,000 Series C preferred stock warrants for the 2003 loans.
In December 2004 and as later updated in March and April 2005, Spencer Trask agreed to accept a total of 461,700 shares of our common stock as payment in full for the approximately $6.1 million of indebtedness we owed to Spencer Trask, including loans Spencer Trask entities made directly to us or through the indemnity provisions of the Bank of Wachovia line of credit transaction. Spencer Trask has also agreed to cancel all of the warrants mentioned above in connection with the issuance of the 461,700 shares of common stock. The number of shares was negotiated between the parties and does not necessarily bear any relationship to any recognized criterion of value. This agreement is conditioned upon the closing of this offering.
Loans from Officers and Directors
From time to time beginning in June 2001, we borrowed funds for working capital from certain of our officers and directors. In September 2002, the then-existing loan obligations were replaced by 8% subordinated convertible promissory notes. The loans were originally due on December 31, 2002 but were not paid at that date, and under the terms of the subordinated convertible promissory notes, the interest rate increased at the maturity date from 8% to 14%. Under the terms of the subordinated convertible promissory notes, the debt may be converted into Series C Preferred Stock at the option of the noteholder at a conversion price of $0.20. The Series C Preferred Stock is thereafter convertible into common stock at $11.00 per share. In connection with these loans, we issued five-year warrants to purchase one share of common stock for every $1.00 of principal loaned at an exercise price of $55.00 per share. In November 2004, Messrs. Kundrat, Sullivan and Young agreed to accept shares of common stock as payment in full for the outstanding obligations and cancellation of their warrants. Those notes that were not cancelled in exchange for stock will be repaid out of the net proceeds of this offering. The loans we have received from our current officers and directors since June 2001 are as follows:
Name | | Principal | | Balance as of the Date of Issuance | | Shares of Common Stock Issued | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Richard P. Kundrat | | $ | 100,000 | | $ | 138,017 | | | 34,229 | |
John L. Sullivan | | $ | 50,000 | | $ | 69,009 | | | 16,104 | |
Paul Young | | $ | 100,000 | | $ | 138,017 | | | 24,801 | |
Donald F. Farley | | $ | 100,000 | | $ | 143,851 | | | 47,951* | |
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* | Mr. Farley has agreed to accept these shares in lieu of a cash repayment in connection with the restructuring events that will be consummated concurrently with the closing of this offering. |
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Accrued Executive Salaries
Richard P. Kundrat, Paul Young and John L. Sullivan, our executive officers, have deferred their salaries and any bonuses earned from August 2002, through November 2004. In 2003, the officers accepted a total of 10,775 shares of our common stock, valued at $11.00 per share in payment of an aggregate of $118,750 of their salaries for the period from February 1, 2003 through July 31, 2003 as follows:
Name | | February through July 2003 Salary Paid in Stock | | Shares of Common Stock Issued to Extinguish Cash Compensation Obligation | |
| |
| |
| |
Richard P. Kundrat | | | $ 43,750 | | | 3,955 | | |
John L. Sullivan | | | $ 37,500 | | | 3,410 | | |
Paul Young | | | $ 37,500 | | | 3,410 | | |
In November 2004, we agreed to issue a total of 147,866 shares of our common stock to Messrs. Kundrat, Young and Sullivan in full satisfaction of the outstanding accrued cash compensation owed to each of them through December 31, 2003 totalling $623,500. We continued to accrue their unpaid salaries for 2004 through November 2004. The following table sets forth the cash compensation for each executive officer that was extinguished through the issuance of common stock in November 2004:
Name | | 2002 and 2003 Accrued Salary | | 2002 and 2003 Bonuses | | Shares of Common Stock Issued to Extinguish Cash Compensation Obligation | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Richard P. Kundrat | | $ | 188,500 | | $ | 110,000 | | | 77,271 | | |
John L. Sullivan | | $ | 162,500 | | | — | | | 39,646 | | |
Paul Young | | $ | 162,500 | | | — | | | 30,949 | | |
In connection with this offering and the restructuring events agreed to by our executive officers, bridge lenders and certain other creditors, three of our executive officers agreed to convert additional deferred salaries through February 2005 to shares of common stock at $3.00 per share, rather than being paid the amounts due to them out of the net proceeds of the offering. The issuance of shares, which will occur concurrently with the closing of the offering, are as follows:
Name | | Accrued Salary to be Converted to Stock | | Shares of Common Stock to be Issued to Extinguish Cash Compensation Obligation | |
| |
| |
| |
Richard P. Kundrat | | | $ 189,584 | | | 63,195 | | |
John L. Sullivan | | | $ 162,500 | | | 54,167 | | |
Paul Young | | | $ 162,500 | | | 54,167 | | |
Bridge Financing
In July 2004, we entered into a series of agreements with Dick Clark, a stockholder of our company and our spokesperson, and Stanley H. Moger, one of our directors. Under the terms of a loan agreement, Messrs. Clark and Moger agreed to loan us up to $1,000,000 in four tranches, each of which is conditioned upon completion of specified actions or events (the “Bridge Loan”). As of December 31, 2004, we have received the full $1,000,000. The loan accrues interest at 10% per annum, unless it is in default, in which case the interest increases to 15%. The principal and accrued interest are due and payable on the earlier of the consummation of this offering or January 1, 2005. Because the loan was not repaid by January 1, 2005, the interest rate increased to 15% as of that date. The loan is secured by all of the assets of NuVim, and certain company creditors were required to execute subordination agreements in favor of Messrs. Clark and Moger. The proceeds from this loan were used for advertising, partial payment of amounts owed to SMBI, which payment is required to obtain the assignment of the NuVim trademark, partial payment of legal fees and for general corporate purposes. In connection with the restructuring events referred to above, the bridge lenders have agreed to convert the principal and accrued interest through April 30, 2005 into 357,216 shares of common stock at $3.00 per share, concurrently with the closing of this offering.
Among the conditions of the Bridge Loan was an amendment to the Services Agreement with Olive Enterprises, Inc. (the “Services Agreement”), which is Dick Clark’s production company. Prior to the July 2004 transactions, we owed Mr. Clark $175,000 under the Services Agreement. Pursuant to an amendment to Services Agreement, we acknowledged that indebtedness and agreed to issue a convertible promissory note in the principal amount of $175,000. In consideration
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for Mr. Clark’s forbearance until the earlier of January 1, 2005 or the consummation of an initial public offering (the “Maturity Date”), the note is convertible as though it carried a face amount of $245,000. The convertible note is automatically convertible into unregistered units, each consisting of one share of common stock, one $4.50 warrant and one $7.50 warrant, at $3.00 per unit provided the offering is consummated on or before May 31, 2005. Assuming a $3.00 IPO unit price, the note will convert into 81,667 units. If the offering does not occur by May 31, 2005, the convertible note remains convertible, but the conversion is optional at the discretion of the holder, and the conversion price is reduced to $1.00 per share (or unit, if the offering is consummated). In addition, the initial interest rate of 10% increased to 15% on January 1, 2005 because the note had not been repaid by the Maturity Date.
A second amendment to the Services Agreement, executed in September 2004, provides for the payment to Mr. Clark of services fees through January 2006 with a value of $650,000, plus the issuance of 30,000 shares of common stock. In connection with the $650,000 services fees obligation, we issued a 10-year warrant, which Mr. Clark has accepted as payment in full for this obligation. If the services fees obligation is repaid on or prior to a “maturity event,” which alternatively could be an initial public offering, a merger, acquisition or other business combination, or a sale of assets, the warrant will be exercisable into the number of shares calculated by dividing $650,000 by the initial public offering price of this offering, assuming the maturity event is this offering. If the maturity event is a sale of assets or a merger or acquisition, the share calculation price is determined depending on the nature of the maturity event. The foregoing notwithstanding, if the services fees obligation is not repaid by May 31, 2005, the share calculation price will be the lesser of $1.00 or 80% of the purchase price per share in any subsequent financing, including this offering.
Also in connection with the Bridge Loan, we issued a 10-year warrant to Mr. Clark that entitles him to acquire up to 9.9% of the total fully-diluted issued and outstanding capital stock of our company following the consummation of this offering. Based on one post-offering, fully-diluted capitalization, this warrant will be exercisable for 234,793 shares at $4.50 and 289,174 shares at $7.50. The warrant contains a net exercise provision.
Finally, the Bridge Loan required the formation of NuVim Powder LLC, of which Mr. Clark was given a 25% ownership interest. See “Business – Distribution.”
Mr. Clark and Mr. Moger participated in the Bridge Loan equally, and the ancillary agreements and benefits provided to Mr. Clark are being shared with Mr. Moger. Therefore, Mr. Moger has been given a 12.5% interest in the powder company and a 50% interest in both of the warrants.
Approval by Independent Directors
Each of the aforementioned transactions with related parties was approved or ratified by a majority of our independent directors, and at the time each transaction was approved or ratified, there were at least two independent directors on our Board.
Future Transactions
Future transactions with our officers, directors or greater than five percent stockholders will be on terms no less favorable to NuVim than could be obtained from independent third parties.
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PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDERS
Set forth below is information regarding the pro forma beneficial ownership of our common stock, as of April 30, 2005 and as adjusted to reflect the sale of 2,700,000 units in this offering, by (i) each person whom we knew owned, beneficially, more than 5% of the outstanding shares of our common stock, (ii) each of our directors, (iii) each of our Named Officers, and (iv) all of the current directors and executive officers as a group. Pro forma beneficial ownership takes into account all of the restructuring events referred to a page 5 of this prospectus. Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission and includes voting and investment power with respect to the securities. We believe that, except as otherwise noted below, each named beneficial owner has sole voting and investment power with respect to the shares listed. Unless otherwise indicated herein, beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission, and includes voting or investment power with respect to shares beneficially owned. Shares of common stock subject to options or warrants currently exercisable or exercisable on or before June 29, 2005 are deemed outstanding for computing the percentage ownership of the person holding such options or warrants, but are not deemed outstanding for computing the percentage ownership of any other person.
| | | | | Percentage of the Class Beneficially Owned | |
| | | |
| |
Name and Address of Beneficial Owner | | Number of Shares Beneficially Owned | | Before This Offering | | | After This Offering | |
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| | |
| |
Entities affiliated with Spencer Trask Specialty Group, LLC | | | 579,429 | (1) | | 32.7 | % | | 13.0 | % |
535 Madison Avenue | | | | | | | | | | |
New York, NY 10022 | | | | | | | | | | |
Kevin Kimberlin | | | 579,429 | (1)(2) | | 32.7 | % | | 13.0 | % |
535 Madison Avenue | | | | | | | | | | |
New York, NY 10022 | | | | | | | | | | |
Dick Clark | | | 827,559 | (3) | | 35.9 | % | | 16.5 | % |
c/o Dick Clark Productions | | | | | | | | | | |
3003 West Olive Avenue | | | | | | | | | | |
Burbank, CA 91505 | | | | | | | | | | |
Stanley H. Moger | | | 553,061 | (4) | | 25.8 | % | | 11.4 | % |
1180 6th Avenue, Suite 2010 | | | | | | | | | | |
New York, NY 10036 | | | | | | | | | | |
Stolle Milk Biologics, Inc. | | | 99,546 | (5) | | 5.6 | % | | 2.2 | % |
6954 Cornell Road, Suite 400 | | | | | | | | | | |
Cincinnati, OH 45242 | | | | | | | | | | |
Richard P. Kundrat | | | 196,831 | (6) | | 11.1 | % | | 4.4 | % |
Paul J. Young | | | 117,365 | (7) | | 6.6 | % | | 2.6 | % |
John L. Sullivan | | | 116,838 | (8) | | 6.6 | % | | 2.6 | % |
Donald F. Farley | | | 52,954 | (9) | | 3.0 | | | 1.2 | % |
Calvin L. Hodock | | | 182 | (10)(11) | | | * | | | * |
William C. Franke | | | 0 | (11) | | — | | | — | |
Frederick S. Pierce | | | 0 | (12) | | — | | | — | |
Peter V. DeCrescenzo | | | 0 | (13) | | — | | | — | |
All directors and executive officers as a group (10 persons) | | | 1,037,231 | (14) | | 48.3 | % | | 21.4 | % |
|
* | Less than 1%. |
(1) | Reflects the issuance of 461,700 shares of common stock in the Spencer Trask debt extinguishment transaction and 18,183 shares of common stock upon the conversion of the preferred stock owned by Spencer Trask, which will take place concurrently with the closing of this offering. Includes 21,700 shares owned by Spencer Trask Private Equity Fund I LP (“Fund I”), 10,619 shares owned by Spencer Trask Private Equity Fund II, LP (“Fund II”), 212,382 shares owned by Kevin Kimberlin Partners, L.P. (“KK Partners”) and 235,182 shares owned by Spencer Trask Specialty Group, LLC (“STSG”). Fund I, Fund II and KK Partners are affiliates of STSG. Also includes 99,546 shares of common stock owned by Stolle Milk Biologics, Inc., of which STSG is the controlling stockholder. Does not include an aggregate of |
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| 90,910 warrants owned by Spencer Trask and an affiliate, which warrants will be cancelled as part of the Spencer Trask debt extinguishment transaction. Kevin Kimberlin is the principal owner and non-member manager of STSG. The general partner of each of Fund I and Fund II is Trask Partners LLC, which is owned by Spencer Trask & Co., which is also controlled by Mr. Kimberlin. As such Mr. Kimberlin has voting and investment control over the securities owned by STSG, Fund I, Fund II, KK Partners and SMBI. Mr. Kimberlin may be considered a promoter of NuVim. |
(2) | Because of Mr. Kimberlin’s voting and investment control over the securities owned by STSG, Fund I, Fund II, KK Partners and SMBI, he may be deemed to be the beneficial owner of the shares owned by each such entity. He personally owns no NuVim securities and disclaims beneficial ownership of all the securities owned by STSG, Fund I, Fund II, KK Partners and SMBI, except to the extent of his pecuniary interest in each such entity, if any. |
(3) | Reflects the issuance of 81,667 shares of common stock issuable in the Clark note conversion transaction,178,608 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the bridge loan concurrently with the closing of this offering, and an additional 163,334 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the underlying warrants issuable in the Clark note conversion transaction. Includes 533,651 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of currently exercisable warrants. Mr. Clark has been granted two warrants, one of which entitles him to purchase $650,000 worth of our common stock at the per share initial public offering price ($3.00) if bridge financing notes are repaid before May 31, 2005 and one of which entitles him to purchase that number of shares of our common stock that will bring his total ownership to 9.9% following completion of this offering on a fully-diluted basis. Mr. Clark has entered into an agreement with Stanley H. Moger under which he has agreed to share a 50% interest in these two warrants with Mr. Moger. The share total in the table reflects Mr. Clark’s 50% interest and assumes exercise and conversion at $3.00 for the two warrants and the Clark note conversion transaction. Mr. Clark’s beneficial ownership could be materially different from the total reflected in this table if the initial public offering price varies materially from the $3.00 assumed per share price. |
(4) | Reflects the issuance of 2,955 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the preferred stock and 178,608 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the bridge loan concurrently with the closing of this offering. Includes (i) 1,182 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of currently exercisable options; and (ii) 371,498 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of currently exercisable warrants. See Note (3) regarding the details of the two warrants Mr. Moger is sharing with Mr. Clark. The share total in the table reflects Mr. Moger’s 50% interest and assumes an exercise price of $3.00 for the two warrants. Mr. Moger’s beneficial ownership could be materially different from the total reflected in this table if the initial public offering price varies materially from the $3.00 assumed per share price. Does not include 7,500 shares of common stock that will be issuable upon exercise of options that will be automatically granted upon the effective date of the 2005 Directors Stock Option Plan, which options will be immediately exercisable. Other options that will automatically be granted at the same time will become exercisable commencing one year after the date of grant. |
(5) | Does not include any securities owned by Spencer Trask. See Note (1). Does not include the shares owned by Mr. Kundrat that are subject to a voting proxy in favor of Stolle Milk Biologics because this proxy will terminate upon completion of this offering. Patrick O’Brien, the chief executive officer of SMBI, has voting and dispositive authority over these securities, but he acts at the direction of his board of directors. Mr. O’Brien disclaims beneficial ownership of these shares. Spencer Trask is the controlling stockholder of SMBI. |
(6) | Mr. Kundrat has given a voting proxy to Stolle Milk Biologics, Inc. that expires upon completion of this offering. Includes 63,195 shares of common stock that will be issued concurrently with the closing of this offering to pay past due salary owed to Mr. Kundrat. Does not include 300,000 shares of common stock that will be issuable upon exercise of options that are expected to be granted upon the effective date of the 2005 Incentive Stock Option Plan and 7,500 shares of common stock that will be issuable upon exercise of options that will be automatically granted upon the effective date of the 2005 Directors Stock Option Plan, all of which options will be immediately exercisable. Other options that are expected to be granted under the 2005 Incentive Stock Option Plan or will automatically be granted under the 2005 Directors Stock Option Plan at the same time will become exercisable commencing one year after the date of grant. |
(7) | Reflects the issuance of (i) 910 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the preferred stock and (ii) 54,167 shares of common stock that will be issued to pay past due salary owed to Mr. Young, which issuances will be consummated concurrently with the closing of this offering. Does not include 125,000 shares of common stock that will be issuable upon exercise of options that are expected to be granted upon the effective date of the 2005 Incentive Stock Option Plan, which options will be immediately exercisable. Other options that are expected to be granted under this plan will become exercisable commencing one year after the date of grant. |
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(8) | Reflects the issuance of (i) 1,509 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the preferred stock and (ii) 54,167 shares of common stock that will be issued to pay past due salary owed to Mr. Sullivan, which issuances will be consummated concurrently with the closing of this offering. Does not include 125,000 shares of common stock that will be issuable upon exercise of options that are expected to be granted upon the effective date of the 2005 Incentive Stock Option Plan, which options will be immediately exercisable. Other options that are expected to be granted under this plan will become exercisable commencing one year after the date of grant. |
(9) | Reflects the issuance of (i) 2,729 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the preferred stock and (ii) 52,954 shares of common stock that will be issued to pay the principal and accrued interest on a loan, which issuances will be consummated concurrently with the closing of this offering and includes 1,819 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding warrants. Includes 910 shares held by an inter vivos family trust. Mr. Farley is the Chief Executive Officer of Spencer Trask and the Chairman of the Board of Stolle Milk Biologics, Inc., but his share total does not include any securities owned by Spencer Trask or Stolle Milk Biologics, Inc. Mr. Farley disclaims beneficial ownership of all such securities except to the extent of his pecuniary interest in those entities. Does not include 7,500 shares of common stock that will be issuable upon exercise of options that will automatically be granted upon the effective date of the 2005 Directors’ Stock Option Plan, which options will be immediately exercisable. Other options that will automatically be granted at the same time will become exercisable commencing one year after the date of grant. |
(10) | Reflects the issuance of 182 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the preferred stock concurrently with the closing of this offering. |
(11) | Does not include 10,000 shares of common stock that will be issuable upon exercise of options that will automatically be granted upon the effective date of the 2005 Directors’Stock Option Plan, which options will be immediately exercisable. Other options that will automatically be granted at the same time will become exercisable commencing one year after the date of grant. |
(12) | Does not include 11,500 shares of common stock that will be issuable upon exercise of options that will automatically be granted upon the effective date of the 2005 Directors’Stock Option Plan, which options will be immediately exercisable. Other options that will automatically be granted at the same time will become exercisable commencing one year after the date of grant. |
(13) | Does not include 8,500 shares of common stock that will be issuable upon exercise of options that will automatically be granted upon the effective date of the 2005 Directors’Stock Option Plan, which options will be immediately exercisable. Other options that will automatically be granted at the same time will become exercisable commencing one year after the date of grant. |
(14) | Reflects the issuance of (i) 7,922 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the preferred stock and (ii) 398,088 shares of common stock that will be issued to executive officers or directors in connection with the extinguishment of loans and/or past due salary obligations concurrently with the closing of this offering. Includes (i) 373,317 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding warrants and (ii) 1,182 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding options. See Note (4). Does not include 500,000 shares of common stock that will be issuable upon exercise of options that are expected to be granted upon the effective date of the 2005 Incentive Stock Option Plan and 80,500 shares of common stock that will be issuable upon exercise of options that will automatically be granted upon the effective date of the 2005 Directors’Stock Option Plan, all of which options will be immediately exercisable. Other options that are expected to be granted under the 2005 Incentive Stock Option Plan or that will automatically be granted under the 2005 Directors’Stock Option Plan upon the effectiveness of these plans will become exercisable commencing one year after the date of grant. |
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DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES
Our authorized capital stock consists of 120,000,000 shares of common stock and 65,000,000 shares of preferred stock, all with a par value of $0.00001 per share. Following this offering, we will have 4,473,060 shares of common stock and no shares of preferred stock outstanding.
Units
Each unit consists of (i) one share of common stock; (ii) one Class A redeemable public warrant to purchase one share of common stock; and (iii) one Class B non-redeemable public warrant to purchase one share of common stock. The common stock and public warrants will trade as units for 30 days following this offering, after which the common stock, the Class A public warrants and the Class B public warrants will trade separately.
At the closing of the offering, we will deliver only certificates representing the units to the representative of the underwriters through the facilities of the Depository Trust Company. Thereafter, investors may request physical delivery of unit certificates at any time before the Class A warrants and Class B warrants begin trading separately from the common stock included in the units. An investor may also request delivery of separate physical certificates for the Class A warrants, Class B warrants and the common stock comprising the units, but we will not be obligated to make delivery of the separate certificates until after the Class A warrants and Class B warrants begin trading separately from the common stock. Until the Class A warrants, Class B warrants and common stock begin trading separately, investors will be unable to make separate delivery of certificates for these securities and will be unable to settle trades in those securities.
Common Stock
As of April 30, 2005, we have 414,073 shares of common stock outstanding held by 21 stockholders of record. Concurrently with the closing of this offering, we will issue an additional 461,700 shares of common stock in extinguishment of outstanding indebtedness we owe to Spencer Trask-related entities, 81,667 shares of common stock upon the automatic conversion of a convertible note held by Dick Clark, 661,007 shares of common stock upon conversion of the bridge loan, past due salaries, notes payable and accounts payable and 154,613 shares of common stock upon the automatic conversion of 4,875,850 shares of Series A preferred stock and 3,623,000 shares of Series C preferred stock outstanding. Taking into account these issuances, we will have 1,773,060 shares of Common Stock immediately before the offering held of record by 176 stockholders. We also have reserved for issuance an aggregate of (i) 15,316 shares of common stock upon exercise of outstanding options and 1,700,000 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of options that may be granted under our 2005 Incentive Stock Option Plan and 2005 Directors’Stock Option Plan; and (ii) 781,229 shares upon exercise of outstanding warrants, including the warrants issued in connection with the bridge financing. See “Related Party Transactions–Bridge Financing.”
Holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders. Subject to the preference in dividend rights of any series of preferred stock which we may issue in the future, the holders of common stock are entitled to receive such cash dividends, if any, as may be declared by our Board of Directors out of legally available funds. Upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up, after payment of all debts and liabilities and after payment of the liquidation preferences of any shares of preferred stock then outstanding, the holders of the common stock will be entitled to participate pro rata in all assets that are legally available for distribution.
Other than the rights described above, the holders of common stock have no preemptive subscription, redemption, sinking fund or conversion rights and are not subject to further calls or assessments. The rights and preferences of holders of common stock will be subject to the rights of any series of preferred stock which we may issue in the future.
Class A Public Warrants
General
Each Class A public warrant entitles the holder to purchase one share of our common stock at an exercise price per share of $4.50. The exercise price is subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain events as provided in the Class A public warrant certificate and summarized below. Subject to our redemption rights, our Class A public warrants may be exercised at any time during the period commencing 30 days after the effective date of this offering and ending on the fifth anniversary of the effective date of this offering, which is the expiration date. Those of our Class A public warrants which
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have not previously been exercised or redeemed will expire on the expiration date. A Class A public warrant holder will not be deemed to be a holder of the underlying common stock for any purpose until the Class A public warrant has been properly exercised.
Separate transferability
Our common stock, Class A public warrants, and Class B public warrants will trade as a unit for 30 days following this offering, after which the common stock, the Class A public warrants, and the Class B public warrants each will trade separately. Upon separation, unit holders will receive certificates for the common stock, Class A public warrants, and Class B public warrants in exchange for their unit certificates.
Redemption
After the units separate, we have the right to redeem the Class A public warrants issued in this offering at a redemption price of $0.25 per public warrant (subject to adjustment for stock splits, reverse stock splits and other recapitalization events) under the following circumstances: The redemption right arises if the last reported sale price per share of our common stock as reported by the principal exchange or trading facility on which our common stock trades equals or exceeds $6.00 for five consecutive trading days ending prior to the date of the notice of redemption. We are required to provide 30 days prior written notice to the Class A public warrant holders of our intention to redeem the warrants. We will send the written notice of redemption by first class mail to Class A public warrant holders at their last known addresses appearing on the registration records maintained by the transfer agent for our Class A public warrants. No other form of notice or publication will be required. If we call the Class A public warrants for redemption, they will be exercisable until the close of business on the last business day before the specified redemption date.
Exercise
A Class A public warrant holder may exercise the Class A public warrants only if an appropriate registration statement is then in effect with the Securities and Exchange Commission and if the shares of common stock underlying our Class A public warrants are qualified for sale under the securities laws of the state in which the holder resides.
Our Class A public warrants may be exercised by delivering to our transfer agent the applicable Class A public warrant certificate on or prior to the expiration date or prior to the redemption date, as applicable, with the form on the reverse side of the certificate executed as indicated, accompanied by payment of the full exercise price for the number of Class A public warrants being exercised. Class A public warrants may only be exercised to purchase whole shares. Fractional shares will not be issued upon exercise of our Class A public warrants. Class A public warrant holders will receive cash equal to the current market value of any fractional interest, which will be the value of one whole interest multiplied by the fraction thereof, in the place of fractional Class A public warrants that remain after exercise if they would then hold Class A public warrants to purchase less than one whole share.
Adjustments of exercise price
The exercise price of our Class A public warrants is subject to adjustment if we declare any stock dividend to stockholders or effect any split or reverse split with respect to our common stock. Therefore, if we effect any stock split or reverse split with respect to our common stock, the exercise price in effect immediately prior to such stock split or reverse split will be proportionately reduced or increased, respectively. Any adjustment of the exercise price also will result in an adjustment of the number of shares purchasable upon exercise of a Class A public warrant.
The exercise price is also subject to adjustment in the event of a capital reorganization or reclassification of the common stock, or in the event we consolidate with, or merge into, or sell our property to another corporation (other than a consolidation or merger that does not result in any reclassification or change of the outstanding common stock). Therefore, if we effect any capital reorganization or reclassification, consolidation, merger, or sale, the exercise price in effect immediately prior to that event will be proportionately reduced or increased, respectively. Any adjustment of the exercise price will also result in an adjustment of the number or kind of securities or property purchasable upon exercise of a Class A public warrant.
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Class B Public Warrants
General
Each Class B public warrant entitles the holder to purchase one share of our common stock at an exercise price per share of $7.50. The exercise price is subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain events as provided in the Class B public warrant certificate and summarized below. Our Class B public warrants may be exercised at any time during the period commencing 30 days after the effective date of this offering and ending on the fifth anniversary of the effective date of this offering, which is the expiration date. Those of our Class B public warrants which have not previously been exercised will expire on the expiration date. A Class B public warrant holder will not be deemed to be a holder of the underlying common stock for any purpose until the Class B public warrant has been properly exercised.
Separate transferability
Our common stock, Class A public warrants, and Class B public warrants will trade as a unit for 30 days following this offering, after which the common stock, the Class A public warrants, and the Class B public warrants each will trade separately. Upon separation, unit holders will receive certificates for the common stock, Class A public warrants, and Class B public warrants in exchange for their unit certificates.
Redemption
We have no right to redeem the Class B public warrants issued in this offering.
Exercise
A Class B public warrant holder may exercise our Class B public warrants only if an appropriate registration statement is then in effect with the Securities and Exchange Commission and if the shares of common stock underlying our Class B public warrants are qualified for sale under the securities laws of the state in which the holder resides.
Our Class B public warrants may be exercised by delivering to our transfer agent the applicable Class B public warrant certificate on or prior to the expiration date or the redemption date, as applicable, with the form on the reverse side of the certificate executed as indicated, accompanied by payment of the full exercise price for the number of Class B public warrants being exercised. Class B public warrants may only be exercised to purchase whole shares. Fractional shares will not be issued upon exercise of our Class B public warrants. Class B public warrant holders will receive cash equal to the current market value of any fractional interest, which will be the value of one whole interest multiplied by the fraction thereof, in the place of fractional Class B public warrants that remain after exercise if they would then hold Class B public warrants to purchase less than one whole share.
Adjustments of exercise price
The exercise price of our Class B public warrants is subject to adjustment if we declare any stock dividend to stockholders or effect any split or reverse split with respect to our common stock. Therefore, if we effect any stock split or reverse split with respect to our common stock, the exercise price in effect immediately prior to such stock split or reverse split will be proportionately reduced or increased, respectively. Any adjustment of the exercise price will also result in an adjustment of the number of shares purchasable upon exercise of a Class B public warrant or, if we elect, an adjustment of the number of Class B public warrants outstanding.
The exercise price is also subject to adjustment in the event of a capital reorganization or reclassification of the common stock, or in the event we consolidate with, or merge into, or sell our property to another corporation (other than a consolidation or merger that does not result in any reclassification or change of the outstanding common stock). Therefore, if we effect any capital reorganization or reclassification, consolidation, merger, or sale, the exercise price in effect immediately prior to that event will be proportionately reduced or increased, respectively. Any adjustment of the exercise price also will result in an adjustment of the number or kind of securities or property purchasable upon exercise of a Class B public warrant.
Preferred Stock
Our Certificate of Incorporation provides for the issuance of up to 65,000,000 shares of preferred stock. As of the date of the offering, there will be no shares of preferred stock outstanding because the 4,875,850 shares of Series A preferred stock and 3,623,000 shares of Series C preferred stock will automatically convert to common stock concurrently with this offering. As a result of the 1-for-55 reverse stock split effected in November 2004, the outstanding preferred shares will convert into an aggregate of 154,613 shares of common stock.
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The Board of Directors has the authority, without further action by the stockholders, to issue up to an additional 56,501,150 shares of preferred stock in one or more series, and to fix the rights, preferences and privileges thereof, including voting rights, terms of redemption, redemption prices, liquidation preference and number of shares constituting any series or the designation of such series. The purpose of the provisions of our certificate of incorporation authorizing the issuance of preferred stock is to provide us with the flexibility to take advantage of opportunities to raise additional capital through the issuance of shares that address competitive conditions in the securities markets. The rights of the holders of our common stock are subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of holders of any preferred stock that we may issue in the future. Although we have no present plans to do so, the Board of Directors, without stockholder approval, may issue preferred stock with voting or conversion rights which could adversely affect the voting power of the holders of our common stock. This provision may be deemed to have a potential anti-takeover effect, because the issuance of such preferred stock may delay or prevent a change of control of the Company. Furthermore, shares of preferred stock, if any are issued, may have other rights, including economic rights, senior to our common stock, and, as a result, the issuance of preferred shares could depress the market prices of our shares of common stock.
Anti-Takeover Effects of Certain Provisions of Delaware Law and Our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws
We are subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, an anti-takeover law. Subject to certain exceptions, the statute prohibits a publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in a “business combination” with an “interested stockholder” for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder; unless:
| • | prior to such date, the board of directors of the corporation approved either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder; |
| | |
| • | upon consummation of the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, excluding for purposes of determining the number of shares outstanding those shares owned (i) by persons who are directors and also officers and (ii) by employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or |
| | |
| • | on or after such date, the business combination is approved by the board of directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66-2/3% of the outstanding voting stock which is not owned by the interested stockholder. |
For purposes of Section 203, a “business combination” includes a merger, asset sale or other transaction resulting in a financial benefit to the interested stockholder, and an “interested stockholder” is a person who, together with affiliates and associates, owns, or within three years prior to the date of determination whether the person is an “Interested Stockholder,” did own, 15% or more of the corporation’s voting stock.
In addition, our authorized but unissued shares of common stock and preferred stock are available for our Board to issue without stockholder approval. We may use these additional shares for a variety of corporate purposes, including future public offerings to raise additional capital, corporate acquisitions and employee benefit plans. The existence of our authorized but unissued shares of common stock and preferred stock could render more difficult or discourage an attempt to obtain control of our company by means of a proxy contest, tender offer, merger or other transaction. Our authorized but unissued shares may be used to delay, defer or prevent a tender offer or takeover attempt that a stockholder might consider in its best interest, including those attempts that might result in a premium over the market price for the shares held by our stockholders. The Board of Directors is also authorized to adopt, amend or repeal our bylaws which could delay, defer or prevent a change in control.
Transfer Agent, Warrant Agent and Registrar
Our transfer agent and registrar for our common stock and the warrant agent for our Class A public warrants and Class B public warrants is American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, New York, New York.
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SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE
This Offering
Upon completion of the offering, we expect to have 4,473,060 shares of common stock outstanding. This number assumes no exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option, the Class A public warrants, the Class B public warrants, the representative’s warrants or any other outstanding options and warrants. We expect to have 4,878,060 shares of common stock outstanding if the underwriters’ over-allotment is exercised in full. Of these shares, the 2,700,000 shares of common stock issued as part of the units sold in this offering (3,105,000 shares if the underwriters’ over-allotment is exercised in full) will be freely tradeable without restrictions or further registration under the Securities Act of 1933, except that any shares purchased by our “affiliates,” as that term is defined under the Securities Act, may generally only be sold in compliance with the limitations of Rule 144 under the Securities Act. The 2,700,000 shares of common stock underlying the Class A public warrants and the 2,700,000 shares of common stock underlying the Class B public warrants issued as part of the units sold in this offering (3,105,000 shares of common stock in the case of the Class A public warrants and 3,105,000 shares of common stock in the case of the Class B public warrants if the underwriters’ over-allotment is exercised in full) will also be freely tradeable after exercise of the warrants, except for shares held by our affiliates.
Outstanding Restricted Stock
The remaining 1,773,060 outstanding shares of common stock will be restricted securities within the meaning of Rule 144 and may not be sold in the absence of registration under the Securities Act unless an exemption from registration is available, including the exemption from registration offered by Rule 144. We have registered 661,007 of those shares for resale by the holders, subject to their agreement to not sell for six months from the effective date of this offering leaving 1,112,053 restricted shares that will be eligible for sale under Rule 144 from time to time following this offering, of which 745,709 shares are owned by affiliates.
The holders of the remaining shares have agreed not to sell or otherwise dispose of any of their shares of common stock for a period of one year after completion of this offering, without the prior written consent of Paulson Investment Company, Inc., the representative of the underwriters, subject to certain limited exceptions. After the expiration of the one year lock-up period, all of the outstanding restricted shares subject to the lock-up may be sold in the public market pursuant to Rule 144.
In general, under Rule 144, as currently in effect, beginning 90 days after the date of this prospectus, a person who has beneficially owned restricted shares for at least one year, including a person who may be deemed to be our affiliate, may sell within any three-month period a number of shares of common stock that does not exceed a specified maximum number of shares. This maximum is equal to the greater of 1% of the then outstanding shares of our common stock or the average weekly trading volume in the common stock during the four calendar weeks immediately preceding the sale. Sales under Rule 144 are also subject to restrictions relating to manner of sale, notice and availability of current public information about us. In addition, under Rule 144(k) of the Securities Act, a person who is not our affiliate, has not been an affiliate of ours within three months prior to the sale and has beneficially owned shares for at least two years would be entitled to sell such shares immediately without regard to volume limitations, manner of sale provisions, notice or other requirements of Rule 144.
Without taking into account the lockup agreements, the following is a summary of the availability of Rule 144 and Rule 144(k) following the offering:
| | Shares | |
| |
| |
Affiliate shares available for sale 90 days following this offering | | | 61,009 | |
Non-affiliate shares available for sale 90 days following this offering (also 144(k) available) | | | 278,678 | |
Affiliate shares available for sale beginning December 1, 2005 | | | 223,000 | |
Non-affiliate shares available for sale beginning December 1, 2005 | | | 5,999 | |
Affiliate shares available for sale beginning one year after the closing of this offering | | | 461,700 | |
Non-affiliate shares available for sale beginning one year after the closing of this offering | | | 81,667 | |
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Options and Warrants
Stock Options
As of April 30, 2005, we had granted and have outstanding a total of 15,316 options to purchase shares of common stock under our several options plans, all of which are held by affiliates. We have 1,500,000 options available for grant under our 2005 Incentive Stock Option Plan and an additional 200,000 options available for grant under our 2005 Directors Stock Option Plan.
We intend to file a registration statement under the Securities Act to register all shares of common stock issued, issuable or reserved for issuance under our stock option plans. This registration statement is expected to be filed as soon as practicable after the date of this prospectus and will automatically become effective upon filing. Following this filing, shares exercisable pursuant to vested options that are registered under this registration statement will, subject to the lock-up agreements and market standoff provisions described above and Rule 144 volume limitations applicable to our affiliates, be available for sale in the open market.
Warrants
Immediately prior to the closing of this offering, we will have an aggregate of 761,612 warrants outstanding. Of these warrants, 373,317 are owned by our affiliates. None of these warrants carry registration rights and accordingly, in the event any warrants are exercised, the holders will be required to hold the underlying shares for at least one year, unless they are subsequently registered.
Representative’s Warrants
In connection with this offering, we have agreed to issue to the representative of the underwriters warrants to purchase 270,000 units. The representative’s warrants will be exercisable for units at any time beginning 180 days after the effective date of this offering until the fifth anniversary of the effective date. However, neither the representative’s warrants nor the underlying securities may be sold, transferred, assigned, pledged, or hypothecated, or be the subject of any hedging, short sale, derivative, put, or call transaction that would result in the effective economic disposition of the securities by any person for a period of 180 days immediately following the date of effectiveness or commencement of sales of the offering, except to any member participating in the offering and the officers or partners thereof, and only if all securities so transferred remain subject to the 180-day lock-up restriction for the remainder of the lock-up period. We will cause the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part to remain effective until the earlier of the time that all of the representative’s warrants have been exercised and the date which is five years after the effective date of the offering or will file a new registration statement covering the exercise and resale of those securities. The common stock and Class A and Class B public warrants issued to the representative upon exercise of these representative’s warrants will be freely tradeable.
Registration Rights
In August 2004, the holders of the outstanding Series A and Series C preferred shares amended and restated the registration rights agreement pertaining to the common stock underlying those shares (the “registrable securities”). There are currently 4,875,850 shares of Series A preferred stock and 3,623,000 shares of Series C preferred stock, which, collectively, will automatically convert into an aggregate of 154,613 shares of common stock upon the closing of this offering. The 154,613 shares are subject to this agreement. Under the Second Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement, we have granted demand and piggyback registration rights to the holders. The demand rights may be exercised no more than two times by a majority of the then-outstanding holders of the registrable securities; however, they may not exercise that right during the one-year lock-up period required by the representative. The holders also have piggyback registration rights that remain in effect until April 2009. The foregoing notwithstanding, all of these shares will be eligible for public sale under Rule 144 upon expiration of the lock-up agreement with the representative.
52
UNDERWRITING
The underwriters named below have entered into an underwriting agreement with respect to the units being offered in connection with this offering. In connection with this offering and subject to certain conditions, the underwriters named below has agreed to purchase, and we have agreed to sell, 2,700,000 units at the price set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, each unit consisting of one share of common stock, one Class A public warrant to purchase one share of common stock and one Class B public warrant to purchase one share of common stock, in accordance with the following table:
Underwriter | | Number of Units | |
| |
| |
Paulson Investment Company, Inc. | | | | |
Chicago Investment Group, LLC | | | | |
S.W. Bach & Company | | | | |
| |
|
| |
Total | | | 2,700,000 | |
| |
|
| |
Information regarding the aforementioned underwriters (including that relating to licensing, registration and disciplinary actions, if any) may be retrieved from state securities regulators who use the Central Registration Depository (CRD) system.
Nature of the Underwriting Commitment
The underwriting agreement between the underwriters and us provides that the underwriters are committed to purchase the 2,700,000 units offered by this prospectus if any units are purchased. This commitment does not apply to 405,000 units subject to the over-allotment option granted by us to the underwriters to purchase additional units in this offering. The underwriting agreement also provides that the obligations of the several underwriters to pay for and accept delivery of the units are subject to the approval of certain legal matters by counsel and certain other conditions. These conditions include, among other things, the requirements that no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the registration statement shall be in effect and that no proceedings for such purpose have been instituted or threatened by the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Conduct of the Offering
We have been advised by Paulson Investment Company, Inc. that the underwriters propose to offer the units to be sold in this offering directly to the public at the public offering price set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and to certain securities dealers at that price less a concession of not more than $ per unit. The underwriters may allow, and those dealers may reallow, a concession not in excess of $ per unit to certain other dealers. After the units are released for sale to the public, the underwriters may change the offering price and other selling terms from time to time. No change in those terms will change the amount of proceeds to be received by us as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. The initial public offering price of the units will be determined by negotiations between us and Paulson Investment Company, Inc., the representative of the underwriters.
The underwriters have informed us that they will not confirm sales of units offered by this prospectus to accounts over which they exercise discretionary authority without obtaining the specific approval of the account holder.
Over-allotment Option
Pursuant to the underwriting agreement, we have granted to the underwriters an option, exercisable once during a period of 30 days from the date of this prospectus, to purchase up to an additional 405,000 units on the same terms as the other units being purchased by the underwriters from us. The underwriters may exercise the option solely to cover over-allotments, if any, in the sale of the units that the underwriters have agreed to purchase. If the over-allotment option is exercised in full, the total public offering price, underwriting discount and proceeds to us before offering expenses will be $9,315,000, $698,625 and $8,616,375, respectively.
53
Offering Discounts
The following table shows the per unit and total underwriting discounts to be paid by us to the underwriters. These amounts are shown assuming no exercise and full exercise, respectively, of the underwriters’ over-allotment option described above:
| | Per Unit | | Total without Over-Allotment Option | | Total with Over-Allotment Option | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Total underwriting discount to be paid by us | | $ | 0.225 | | $ | 607,500 | | $ | 698,625 | |
Expense Allowance
We have agreed to pay to Paulson Investment Company, Inc. a non-accountable expense allowance equal to 2.5% of the aggregate public offering price of the units sold by us in this offering, excluding units sold on exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option.
Loan from Paulson Investment Company, Inc.
Paulson Investment Company, Inc. loaned $20,000 to us on July 9, 2004. Interest accrues at a rate of 10% per annum. We intend to repay the loan from the proceeds of this offering.
Representative’s Warrants
On completion of this offering, we will issue to the representative of the underwriters warrants to purchase up to 270,000 units, for a price of per unit equal to 120% of the initial offering price of the units. The representative’s warrants will be exercisable for units at any time beginning 180 days after the effective date of this offering, and will expire on the fifth anniversary of the effective date. However, neither the representative’s warrants nor the underlying securities may be sold, transferred, assigned, pledged, or hypothecated, or be the subject of any hedging, short sale, derivative, put, or call transaction that would result in the effective economic disposition of the securities by any person for a period of 180 days immediately following the date of effectiveness or commencement of sales of the offering, except to any member participating in the offering and the officers or partners thereof, and only if all securities so transferred remain subject to the 180-day lock-up restriction for the remainder of the lock-up period.
The holder of these warrants will have, in that capacity, no voting, dividend or other stockholder rights. Any profit realized on the sale of the units issuable upon exercise of these warrants may be deemed to be additional underwriting compensation. The securities underlying these warrants are being registered pursuant to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. During the term of these warrants, the holder thereof is given the opportunity to profit from a rise in the market price of our common stock. We may find it more difficult to raise additional equity capital while these warrants are outstanding. At any time at which these warrants are likely to be exercised, we may be able to obtain additional equity capital on more favorable terms.
Indemnification
We have agreed to indemnify the underwriters against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribute to payments that the underwriters may be required to make in respect thereof. We have been advised that, in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission, indemnification for liabilities under the Securities Act is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.
Lock-up Agreements
Subject to the limited exception described below, our officers, directors and substantially all of our stockholders have agreed that for a period of one year from the date of this prospectus that they will not offer, pledge, announce the intention to sell, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of our common stock, or any securities of that are substantially similar to our common stock, or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for common stock, without the prior consent of Paulson Investment Company, Inc., as the representative of the underwriters. Paulson Investment Company, Inc. may consent to an early release from the one-year lock-up period. Currently, there are no agreements by Paulson to release any of the securities from the lock-up agreements.
54
Paulson has agreed to a modification of the above one-year lockup agreement with respect to the 661,007 shares that have been registered for resale by certain selling stockholders. Those selling stockholders may sell the shares that have been registered on their behalf following the expiration of a six-month lockup commencing on the date of this prospectus.
Stabilization and Other Transactions
The rules of the SEC generally prohibit the underwriters from trading in our securities on the open market during this offering. However, the underwriters are allowed to engage in some open market transactions and other activities during this offering that may cause the market price of our securities to be above or below that which would otherwise prevail in the open market. These activities may include stabilization, short sales and over-allotments, syndicate covering transactions and penalty bids.
| • | stabilizing transactions consist of bids or purchases made by the managing underwriter for the purpose of preventing or slowing a decline in the market price of our securities while this offering is in progress; |
| | |
| • | short sales and over-allotments occur when the managing underwriter, on behalf of the underwriting syndicate, sells more of our units than it purchases from us in this offering. In order to cover the resulting short position, the managing underwriter may exercise the over-allotment option described above or may engage in syndicate covering transaction; there is no contractual limit on the size of any syndicate covering transaction; the underwriters will deliver a prospectus in connection with any such short sales; purchasers of units sold short by the underwriters are entitled to the same remedies under the federal securities laws as any other purchaser of units covered by the registration statement; |
| | |
| • | syndicate covering transactions are bids for or purchases of our securities on the open market by the managing underwriter on behalf of the underwriters in order to reduce a short position incurred by the managing underwriter on behalf of the underwriters; and |
| | |
| • | a penalty bid is an arrangement permitting the managing underwriter to reclaim the selling concession that would otherwise accrue to an underwriter if the common stock originally sold by the underwriter was later repurchased by the managing underwriter and therefore was not effectively sold to the public by such underwriter. |
If the underwriters commence these activities, they may discontinue them at any time without notice. The underwriters may carry out these transactions on the Pacific Exchange or otherwise.
Determination of Offering Price
Before this offering, there has been no public market for our units, the common stock or public warrants. Accordingly, the initial public offering price of the units offered by this prospectus and the exercise price of the public warrants were determined by negotiation between us and the underwriters. Among the factors considered in determining the initial public offering price of the units and the exercise price of the public warrants were:
| • | our history and our prospects; |
| | |
| • | the industry in which we operate; |
| | |
| • | the status and development prospects for our proposed products; |
| | |
| • | our past and present operating results; |
| | |
| • | the previous experience of our executive officers; and |
| | |
| • | the general condition of the securities markets at the time of this offering. |
The offering price stated on the cover page of this prospectus should not be considered an indication of the actual value of the units. That price is subject to change as a result of market conditions and other factors, and we cannot assure you that the units, or the common stock and public warrants contained in the units, can be resold at or above the initial public offering price.
55
NASD’s Conflict of Interest Rule
Affiliates of Spencer Trask Specialty Group, LLC will participate as members of the selling group of this offering. Because Spencer Trask Specialty Group, LLC and its affiliates beneficially own more than 50% of the Company’s common stock, they are deemed to have a “conflict of interest” under Rule 2720 of the Conduct Rules of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. (“NASD”). Accordingly, the offering is being made in compliance with the applicable provisions of Rule 2720 of the Conduct Rules. That rule requires that the initial public offering price be no higher than that recommended by a “qualified independent underwriter,” as defined in Rule 2720. Paulson Investment Company, Inc., an underwriter of this offering, has assumed the responsibilities of acting as qualified independent underwriter, has performed due diligence investigations and has reviewed and participated in the preparation of the registration statement and the prospectus related to the offering.
LEGAL MATTERS
The validity of the issuance of the securities offered by this prospectus will be passed upon for the Company by Wickersham & Murphy, a Professional Corporation, Palo Alto, California. Certain legal matters in connection with this offering will be passed upon for the underwriters by Holland & Knight LLP, Portland, Oregon.
EXPERTS
The financial statements included in this prospectus and elsewhere in the registration statement have been audited by WithumSmith+Brown, P.C., independent auditors, as indicated in their report with respect thereto, and are included herein in reliance upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
In connection with the units offered by this prospectus, we have filed a registration statement on Form SB-2 under the Securities Act of 1933 with the SEC. This prospectus, filed as part of the registration statement, does not contain all of the information included in the registration statement and the accompanying exhibits and schedules. For further information with respect to our units, shares and warrants, and us, you should refer to the registration statement and the accompanying exhibits. Statements contained in this prospectus regarding the contents of any contract or any other document are not necessarily complete, and you should refer to the copy of the contract or other document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement, each statement being qualified in all respects by the actual contents of the contract or other document referred to. You may inspect a copy of the registration statement and the accompanying exhibits without charge at the Securities and Exchange Commission’s public reference facilities, Room 1024, 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549, and you may obtain copies of all or any part of the registration statement from those offices for a fee. You may obtain information on the operation of the public reference facilities by calling the Securities and Exchange Commission at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC maintains a web site that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding registrants that file electronically. The address of the site is http://www.sec.gov.
We intend to furnish our stockholders with annual reports containing financial statements audited by our independent auditors.
56
NUVIM, INC.
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
F-1
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Audit Committee of:
NuVim, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of NuVim, Inc. (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2003 and 2004, and the related statements of operations, stockholders’ deficit, and cash flows for the years then ended. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2003 and 2004, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the financial statements, the Company has suffered recurring losses from operations and has a net working capital deficiency that raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans in regard to these matters are also described in Note 1. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
/s/ WithumSmith+Brown, P.C.
February 22, 2005
(Except for Note 19B as to which the date is May 3, 2005)
Flemington, New Jersey
F-2
NUVIM, INC.
BALANCE SHEETS
DECEMBER 31, 2003 AND 2004
| | December 31, | |
| |
| |
| | 2003 | | 2004 | |
| |
| |
| |
ASSETS | | | | | | | |
Current Assets: | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 54,609 | | $ | 277,649 | |
Accounts receivable, net | | | 53,718 | | | 6,981 | |
Inventory | | | 160,664 | | | 84,484 | |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | | | 40,192 | | | 61,766 | |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Total Current Assets | | | 309,183 | | | 430,880 | |
Equipment and furniture, net | | | 60,873 | | | 21,020 | |
Deferred offering costs | | | — | | | 441,243 | |
Deposits and other assets | | | 8,147 | | | 8,547 | |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
TOTAL ASSETS | | $ | 378,203 | | $ | 901,690 | |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT | | | | | | | |
Current Liabilities: | | | | | | | |
Senior notes payable – related parties | | $ | — | | $ | 1,000,000 | |
Demand note payable – bank | | | 2,500,000 | | | 2,500,000 | |
Accrued interest – demand note payable – bank | | | 59,519 | | | 129,940 | |
Senior convertible promissory notes payable – related party | | | 2,480,000 | | | 2,480,000 | |
Accrued interest – senior convertible promissory notes – related party | | | 473,194 | | | 813,251 | |
Convertible promissory note – related party | | | — | | | 175,000 | |
Stockholder loans – subordinated convertible promissory notes | | | 635,000 | | | 385,000 | |
Accrued interest stockholder loans | | | 156,853 | | | 147,793 | |
Accounts payable | | | 877,998 | | | 1,098,014 | |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses to related parties | | | 773,000 | | | 659,000 | |
Accrued expenses | | | 55,000 | | | 159,317 | |
Accrued compensation | | | 714,443 | | | 551,305 | |
Rescinded series B offering payable | | | 42,000 | | | 42,000 | |
Related party advances | | | 27,000 | | | 82,000 | |
Other note payable | | | — | | | 150,000 | |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Total Current Liabilities | | | 8,794,007 | | | 10,372,620 | |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Commitments and Contingencies | | | | | | | |
Stockholders’ Deficit: | | | | | | | |
Preferred Stock – 65,000,000 shares authorized: | | | | | | | |
Preferred Stock Series A, convertible, non cumulative, participating, par value $.00001 per share; 4,875,850 shares designated, issued and outstanding in 2003 and 2004 (liquidation preference of $4,875,850) | | | 49 | | | 49 | |
Preferred Stock Series C, convertible, non cumulative, participating, par value $.00001 per share; designated 50,000,000 shares, 3,623,000 issued and outstanding in 2003 and 2004 respectively (liquidation preference of $724,600) | | | 36 | | | 36 | |
Common Stock, 120,000,000 shares authorized, $.00001 par value, issued and outstanding, 155,073 at December 31, 2003 and 414,073 at December 31, 2004 | | | 2 | | | 4 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | | 7,300,687 | | | 8,377,140 | |
Accumulated deficit | | | (15,716,578 | ) | | (17,848,159 | ) |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Total Stockholders’ Deficit | | | (8,415,804 | ) | | (9,470,930 | ) |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT | | | 378,203 | | $ | 901,690 | |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
The Notes to Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
F-3
NUVIM, INC.
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2003 AND 2004
| | December 31, | |
| |
| |
| | 2003 | | 2004 | |
| |
| |
| |
Gross Sales | | $ | 2,335,676 | | $ | 1,411,355 | |
Less: Discounts, Allowances and Promotional Payments | | | 624,747 | | | 452,570 | |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Net Sales | | | 1,710,929 | | | 958,785 | |
Cost of Sales | | | 1,270,656 | | | 737,642 | |
Write down of obsolete inventory | | | 213,407 | | | — | |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Gross Profit | | | 226,866 | | | 221,143 | |
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses | | | 1,967,795 | | | 2,092,898 | |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Loss from Operations | | | (1,740,929 | ) | | (1,871,755 | ) |
Other Income (Expense): | | | | | | | |
Interest Expense | | | (709,210 | ) | | (578,560 | ) |
Interest Income | | | 407 | | | — | |
Miscellaneous Income (Expense) | | | (839 | ) | | — | |
Gain on Forgiveness of Accounts Payable | | | — | | | 60,258 | |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Total Other Income (Expense) – Net | | | (709,642 | ) | | (518,302 | ) |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Net Loss Before Income Tax Benefit | | | (2,450,571 | ) | | (2,390,057 | ) |
Income Tax Benefit | | | 211,131 | | | 258,476 | |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Net Loss | | $ | (2,239,440 | ) | $ | (2,131,581 | ) |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Basic and Diluted Loss Per Share | | $ | (15.25 | ) | $ | (10.26 | ) |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Weighted Average Number of Common Shares Outstanding – Basic and Diluted | | | 146,866 | | | 207,740 | |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
The Notes to Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
F-4
NUVIM, INC.
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2003 AND 2004
| | December 31, | |
| |
| |
| | 2003 | | 2004 | |
| |
| |
| |
Cash Flow From Operating Activities: | | | | | | | |
Net Loss | | $ | (2,239,440 | ) | $ | (2,131,581 | ) |
Adjustment to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: | | | | | | | |
Depreciation | | | 42,120 | | | 42,120 | |
Stock-based compensation | | | 231,647 | | | — | |
Non-cash interest expense warrants | | | 178,000 | | | — | |
Inventory obsolescence | | | 213,407 | | | — | |
Gain on forgiveness of accounts payable | | | — | | | (60,258 | ) |
Provision for sales returns and allowances | | | 624,747 | | | 452,570 | |
Changes in Operating Assets and Liabilities: | | | | | | | |
Accounts receivable | | | (539,493 | ) | | (405,833 | ) |
Inventory | | | (45,091 | ) | | 76,180 | |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | | | (34,618 | ) | | (21,574 | ) |
Deposits and other assets | | | — | | | (400 | ) |
Cash restricted for letter of credit | | | 100,000 | | | — | |
Accounts payable | | | 141,296 | | | 504,186 | |
Accrued compensation | | | 513,500 | | | 484,362 | |
Accrued expenses | | | 35,000 | | | 104,317 | |
Accrued interest | | | 467,036 | | | 496,461 | |
Accounts payable to related parties | | | (75,000 | ) | | 71,000 | |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Net Cash Used in Operating Activities | | | (386,889 | ) | | (388,450 | ) |
Cash Flow From Investing Activities: | | | | | | | |
Purchase of equipment and furniture | | | — | | | (2,267 | ) |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities | | | — | | | (2,267 | ) |
Cash Flow From Financing Activities: | | | | | | | |
Repayment of shareholder loans | | | (22,544 | ) | | — | |
Repayment of rescinded series B offering payable | | | (36,500 | ) | | — | |
Proceeds from issuance of series C preferred stock | | | 20,000 | | | — | |
Proceeds from senior convertible promissory notes – related party | | | 480,000 | | | — | |
Proceeds from senior note payable – related party | | | — | | | 1,000,000 | |
Proceeds from related party advances | | | — | | | 55,000 | |
Deferred offering costs | | | — | | | (441,243 | ) |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Net Cash Provided By Financing Activities | | | 440,956 | | | 613,757 | |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents | | | 54,067 | | | 223,040 | |
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Year | | | 542 | | | 54,609 | |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Year | | $ | 54,609 | | $ | 277,649 | |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information: | | | | | | | |
Cash paid for interest | | $ | 38,808 | | $ | — | |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
The Notes to Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
F-5
NUVIM, INC.
STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2003 AND 2004
| | Preferred Stock Series A | | Preferred Stock Series C | | Common Stock | | Additional Paid-In Capital | | Accumulated Deficit | | Total Stockholders’ Deficit | |
| |
| |
| |
| | | | |
| | Shares | | Amount | | Shares | | Amount | | Shares | | Amount | | | | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Balance at December 31, 2002 | | | 4,875,850 | | $ | 49 | | | 3,523,000 | | $ | 35 | | | 134,000 | | $ | 1 | | $ | 6,771,042 | | $ | (13,477,138 | ) | $ | (6,706,011 | ) |
Proceeds from sale of preferred stock series C | | | — | | | — | | | 100,000 | | | 1 | | | — | | | — | | | 19,999 | | | — | | | 20,000 | |
Issuance of common stock for compensation | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 21,073 | | | 1 | | | 231,646 | | | — | | | 231,647 | |
Warrants issued in connection with notes payable | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 178,000 | | | — | | | 178,000 | |
Related party debt extinguishment | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 100,000 | | | — | | | 100,000 | |
Net loss for the year ended December 31, 2003 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (2,239,440 | ) | | (2,239,440 | ) |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Balance at December 31, 2003 | | | 4,875,850 | | | 49 | | | 3,623,000 | | | 36 | | | 155,073 | | | 2 | | | 7,300,687 | | | (15,716,578 | ) | | (8,415,804 | ) |
Shares issued in connection with related party debt extinguishment | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 71,912 | | | — | | | 71,912 | |
Common stock issued in connection with service agreement | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 30,000 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Common stock issued in connection with payment of accounts payable | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 6,000 | | | — | | | 36,000 | | | — | | | 36,000 | |
Common stock issued in connection with accrued compensation | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 147,866 | | | 1 | | | 623,499 | | | — | | | 623,500 | |
Common stock issued in connection with stockholder loans | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 75,134 | | | 1 | | | 345,042 | | | — | | | 345,043 | |
Net loss for the year ended December 31, 2004 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (2,131,581 | ) | | (2,131,581 | ) |
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Balance at December 31, 2004 | | | 4,875,850 | | $ | 49 | | | 3,623,000 | | $ | 36 | | | 414,073 | | $ | 4 | | $ | 8,377,140 | | $ | (17,848,159 | ) | $ | (9,470,930 | ) |
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The Notes to Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
F-6
NUVIM, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 1 – BUSINESS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
A. Business
NuVim, Inc. (the “Company”) markets and distributes dietary supplement beverages, which enhance the immune system, promote sturdy joints and muscle flexibility. The Company distributes its products through supermarkets in approximately 13 states, predominantly on the East Coast, and the District of Columbia. The Company’s beverage products contain certain micronutrients which Stolle Milk Biologics, Inc.’s (“SMBI”) has patented. Spencer Trask Specialty Group, LLC (“ST”) is the controlling stockholder of SMBI. SMBI and ST collectivelty are significant stockholders of the company. The Company has entered into supply and licensing agreements with SMBI for these patented micronutrients, which can be terminated by SMBI under certain conditions (See Note 17).
B. Going Concern
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. As shown in the accompanying financial statements, the Company incurred net losses of $2,239,440 and $2,131,581 for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively, and is in default as of December 31, 2004, on approximately $7,500,000 of notes payable, stockholder loans, and accrued interest. Management also expects operating losses to continue in 2005 and 2006. The Company’s continued existence is dependent upon its ability to secure adequate financing to fund future operations and commence profitable operations. To date, the Company has supported its activities through equity investments, the sale of preferred stock, a demand note payable to a bank and cash advances from related parties and stockholders. It is the Company’s intention to raise additional capital through additional borrowings and a public offering of its common stock. No assurance can be given that these funding strategies will be successful in providing the necessary funding to finance the operations of the Company. Additionally, there can be no assurance, even if successful in obtaining financing, the Company will be able to generate sufficient cash flows to fund future operations. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The accompanying financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded assets or amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary related to this uncertainty.
NOTE 2 – SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
A. Cash Equivalents
Cash equivalents consist of highly-liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased.
B. Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable are unsecured, non-interest bearing obligations that are typically due from customers within 30 days of the invoice date. Management applies collections in accordance with customer remittance advices or to the oldest outstanding invoice if no remittance advice is presented with payment.
Accounts receivable are recorded at their net realizable value. The Company estimates an allowance for doubtful accounts, sales returns and allowances based on historical trends and other criteria. At December 31, 2003 and 2004, these allowances approximated $84,000 and $53,400, respectively. No amounts were recorded as bad debt expense for the years ended December 31, 2003 or 2004 as all allowances represented sales returns or promotional allowances.
C. Inventories
Inventories, which are predominantly raw materials, are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or market. A provision for excess or obsolete inventory is recorded at the time the determination is made. For finished goods, inventory
F-7
NUVIM, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
that is within 30 days of its expiration date is charged to cost of sales. Raw materials related to discontinued flavors are also charged to cost of sales at the time the flavor is discontinued.
D. Deferred Offering Costs
The Company is deferring costs incurred in connection with a proposed initial public offering of its common stock. Amounts deferred will be offset against the gross proceeds (recorded as additional paid in capital) upon consummation of the offering. If the offering does not take place, all deferred costs will be expensed.
E. Revenue Recognition
The Company records revenue at the time the related products are received by the customer from the public warehouse used by the Company and the risk of ownership has passed to the customer. A provision for estimated product returns, promotional allowances and cash discounts based on the Company’s historical experience is recorded during the period of sale.
F. Placement Allowances
As an inducement to its customers to display the Company’s products in preferred locations of their stores, the Company provides placement and promotional allowances to certain customers. The Company also provides credits for product which has not been sold by its expiration date. These allowances and credits are reflected as a reduction of gross sales in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) No. 01-09 “Accounting for consideration given by a vendor to a customer”.
G. Freight Costs
In accordance with EITF No. 00-10, “Accounting for Shipping and Handling Fees and Costs,” reimbursement of freight charges are recorded in net sales. For the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2004, freight-out costs approximated $241,000 and $172,000, respectively, and have been recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses.
H. Equipment and Furniture
Equipment and furniture is stated at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets (5 years).
I. Stock-Based Compensation
The Company accounts for employee stock-based compensation in accordance with Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees”, using an intrinsic value approach to measure compensation expense, if any. Under this method, compensation expense is recorded on the grant date only if the current market price of the underlying stock exceeds the exercise price. Options and warrants issued to non-employees are accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation”, and EITF Issue No. 96-18, “Accounting for Equity Instruments That Are Issued to Other Than Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling, Goods and Services” using a fair value approach. See notes 14 F. and G. for a discussion of time and valuation assumptions used to value options and warrants.
SFAS No. 123 established accounting and disclosure requirements using a fair value-basis method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation plans. As allowed by SFAS No. 123, the Company has elected to continue to apply the intrinsic value-based method of accounting described above, and has adopted the disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 123. Had the Company elected to recognize compensation cost based on fair value of the stock options at the date of grant under
F-8
NUVIM, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
SFAS No.123, such costs would have been recognized ratably over the vesting period of the underlying instruments and the Company’s net loss and net loss per common share would have increased to the pro forma amounts indicated in the table below.
For the years ended December 31:
| | 2003 | | 2004 | |
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Net loss, as reported | | $ | 2,239,440 | | $ | 2,131,581 | |
Net loss, pro forma | | $ | 2,266,699 | | $ | 2,143,042 | |
Net loss per share, as reported | | $ | (15.25 | ) | $ | (10.26 | ) |
Net loss per share, pro forma | | $ | (15.43 | ) | $ | (10.32 | ) |
The pro forma results above are not intended to be indicative of or a projection of future results.
J. Advertising and Promotion Costs
Advertising and promotion costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising expenses, including media advertising, in store sampling programs, and advertisements in customer printed circulars were included in selling, general and administrative expenses, with the exception of coupon expenses which were included as a reduction of net sales. During the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2004, advertising and promotion expense was approximately $472,000 and $687,000, respectively.
K. Income Taxes
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between financial reporting and income tax basis of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. Differences that give rise to significant portions of the Company’s deferred tax assets are net operating losses and deferred stock compensation. A valuation allowance is recorded against deferred tax assets in instances where the realization of the deferred tax asset is not considered to be “more likely than not.”
L. Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates include, but are not necessarily limited to, accounts receivable allowances, depreciation and coupon liability estimates. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
M. Net Loss Per Share
Basic loss per share has been calculated using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding in accordance with FASB 128 “Earnings Per Share.” All potentially dilutive securities, including options, convertible notes, convertible preferred stock and warrants have been excluded as common stock equivalents and diluted loss per share has not been presented as such securities are antidilutive due to the Company’s net loss for all periods presented.
N. Impairment of Long Lived Assets
The Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever circumstances and situations change such that there is an indication that the carrying amounts may not be recovered. At December 31, 2003 and December 31, 2004, the Company has not recognized any impairment charges for its long-lived assets.
O. Concentration of Risk
The Company maintains its cash balances in financial institutions located in New Jersey, and periodically has cash balances in excess of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation limits. The Company distributes its products and grants credit to its customers who are food distributors and retailers located primarily in the eastern portion of the United States. The Company generally does not require collateral or other security with regard to balances due from customers. The Company extends credit to its
F-9
NUVIM, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
customers in the normal course of business and performs periodic credit evaluations of its customers, maintaining allowances for potential credit losses.
Sales to two customers during the year ended December 31, 2003 approximated 17% and 12% of sales. Sales to two customers during the year ended December 31, 2004 approximated 14% and 13% of sales.
Accounts receivable from one customer at December 31, 2003 approximated 21% and two customers at December 31, 2004 approximated 21% and 16% of accounts receivable, respectively.
One outside vendor manufactures all of the Company’s finished goods. During the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2004, manufacturing costs of approximately $383,000 and $217,500 were incurred at this vendor. There was no amount due to this vendor at December 31, 2003 and 2004.
P. Value of Financial Instruments
The Company’s financial instruments consist mainly of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable. The carrying amounts of these financial instruments approximate fair value due to their short-term nature. The carrying amount due to related party, notes payable and stockholder loans are estimated to approximate their fair values as their stated interest rates approximate current interest rates.
Q. Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In January 2003, the FASB issued interpretation No. 46 (“FIN 46”), “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities”. The primary objectives of this interpretation are to provide guidance on the identification of entities for which control is achieved through means other than through voting rights (“variable interest entities”) and how to determine when and which business enterprise (the “primary beneficiary”) should consolidate the variable interest entity. This new model for consolidation applies to an entity in which either (i) the equity investors (if any) do not have a controlling financial interest; or (ii) the equity investment at risk is insufficient to finance that entity’s activities without receiving additional subordinated financial support from other parties. In addition, FIN 46 requires that the primary beneficiary, as well as all other enterprises with a significant variable interest entity, make additional disclosures. Certain disclosure requirements of FIN 46 were effective for financial statements issued after January 31, 2003. In December 2003, the FASB issued FIN 46 (revised December 2003), “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities” (“FIN 46-R”) to address certain FIN 46 implementation issues. The effective dates and impact of FIN 46 and FIN 46-R are as follows: (i) Special-purpose entities (“SPEs”) created prior to February 1, 2003: The Company must apply either the provisions of FIN 46 or early adopt the provisions of FIN 46-R at the end of the first interim or annual reporting period ended after December 15, 2003. (ii) Non-SPEs created prior to February 1, 2003: The Company was required to adopt FIN 46-R at the end of the first interim or annual reporting period ending after March 15, 2004. (iii) All entities, regardless of whether SPE, that were created subsequent to December 31, 2003: The interpretation applies immediately. The Company does not have any arrangements with variable interest entities that will require consolidation of their financial information in the Company’s financial statements.
In December 2004, the FASB revised FASB Statement No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation. This Statement supersedes APB Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and its related implementation guidance. This Statement establishes standards for the accounting for transactions in which an entity exchanges its equity instruments for goods or services. It also addresses transactions in which an entity incurs liabilities in exchange for goods or services that are based on the fair value of the entity’s equity instruments or that may be settled by the issuance of those equity instruments. This Statement focuses primarily on accounting for transactions in which an entity obtains employee services in share-based payment transactions. This Statement does not change the accounting guidance for share-based payment transactions with parties other than employees provided in Statement 123 as originally issued and EITF Issue No. 96-18, “Accounting for Equity Instruments that are Issued to Other Than Employees for Acquiring, or in conjunction with Selling, Goods or Services.” It applies in the first reporting period ending after December 15, 2005. The adoption of Statement No. 123 (revised 2004) is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, liquidity, or results of operations.
F-10
NUVIM, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
R. Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications were made to the 2003 financial statements in order to conform to the 2004 financial statements.
NOTE 3 – INVENTORY
Inventory consists of the following:
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Raw materials | | $ | 138,346 | | $ | 62,358 | |
Finished goods | | | 22,318 | | | 22,126 | |
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Total | | $ | 160,664 | | $ | 84,484 | |
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NOTE 4 – EQUIPMENT AND FURNITURE
Equipment and furniture consists of the following:
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Equipment | | $ | 155,431 | | $ | 155,431 | |
Furniture and fixtures | | | 52,255 | | | 54,522 | |
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| | | 207,686 | | | 209,953 | |
Less: accumulated depreciation | | | (146,813 | ) | | (188,933 | ) |
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Equipment and furniture, net | | $ | 60,873 | | $ | 21,020 | |
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Depreciation expense for years ended December 31, 2003 and 2004 was $42,120 per year.
NOTE 5 – SENIOR NOTES PAYABLE – RELATED PARTIES
On July 26, 2004, the Company entered into a loan agreement with a stockholder of the Company who is also a Company spokesperson, and one of the Company’s directors. The loan agreement provided for borrowings up to $1,000,000 in the form of Senior Notes Payable issued in four tranches, each of which is conditioned upon completion of specified actions or events. As of December 31, 2004, the Company has received the full amount of $1,000,000 under the agreement. The loan accrues interest at 10% per annum, unless it is in default, in which case the interest increases to 15%. The principal and accrued interest were due and payable on the earlier of the consummation of an initial public offering or January 1, 2005. Payment was not made as of January 1, 2005, which constitutes an event of default under the agreement. Under an event of default, the lenders have the right to, but have not made, a demand for payment of the notes. The loan is secured by all of the assets of the Company, and certain Company creditors were required to execute subordination agreements in favor of the lenders. See Note 19B for a revision to this agreement.
The Company has recorded $21,646 as interest expense on the notes in 2004, all of which is included in accrued expenses at December 31, 2004.
As a condition of the loan agreement the Company issued a warrant to the spokesperson that entitles him to acquire up to 9.9% of the total fully-diluted issued and outstanding common stock of the Company (see note 14 F.) after the consummation of an initial public offering of its common stock, at the initial public offering price. The warrant allows the holder, to acquire an additional number of shares of Common Stock, to bring his total holdings to 9.9%, after deducting any existing equity holdings at that date.
F-11
NUVIM, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
As an additional condition of the loan agreement, the Company entered into a second amended services agreement with the spokesperson (see note 18 F.). In connection with the second amended services agreement, the Company issued 30,000 shares of common stock, a warrant to purchase $650,000 of common stock, and a $175,000 convertible note (see note 8). The price and number of shares to be acquired under the warrant and the convertible note, are based on contingencies that have yet to be resolved, including whether the Company completes an initial public offering of its common stock, and the price of such an offering. The common stock issued, and stock underlying the warrants and the convertible note are forfeited by the spokesperson if obligations under the service agreement are not met. Therefore, no performance commitment has been met, and no value has been recorded for the shares, warrants, or beneficial conversion feature of the convertible note. Accordingly, no value has been recorded for the 9.9% warrant, since its value is based on the number of shares issued in connection with the service agreement, and the initial public offering contingency, that has yet to be resolved. Once resolved, the Company will recognize a non-cash charge to operations and such charge could be material.
The loan agreement also required the formation of NuVim Powder LLC, of which the Company spokesperson was given a 25% ownership interest. During 2004 Nuvim Powder LLC was an inactive company.
The spokesperson and one of the Company’s directors participated in the loans under the agreement equally. In 2004, the spokesperson and Company Director entered into an agreement providing for an equal share in the warrants and ancillary agreements issued in connection with the loan agreement. Therefore, the Company Director has been given a 12.5% interest in the powder company and a 50% interest in both of the warrants issued in connection with the loan agreement and second amended services agreement.
NOTE 6 – DEMAND NOTE PAYABLE – BANK
The note payable to a bank is due on demand with interest due monthly at the LIBOR Index plus 1.25% (3.53% at December 31, 2004), is secured by all of the assets of the Company and is guaranteed by a stockholder. In consideration for providing the guarantee, the stockholder was granted warrants to purchase 54,546 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $55.00 per share, of which warrants to purchase 36,364 shares expire in May 2006 and warrants to purchase 18,182 shares expire in December 2006. Since the note is due on demand, the Company included $650,000, representing the fair value of the warrants, in interest expense in the year of issue, which was 2001. The Company has not paid interest due on the note since March 31, 2003 and is in default of the loan terms. Interest expense on the demand note was $71,858 and $70,421 for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively, and accrued interest payable on the note was $59,519 and $129,940 at December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively.
NOTE 7 – SENIOR CONVERTIBLE PROMISSORY NOTES PAYABLE – RELATED PARTY
Senior notes payable related party consists of a series of notes issued to a group of related investors in the Company’s common and preferred stock.
On November 18, 1999, the Company issued a promissory demand note in the amount of $300,000 to a preferred stockholder with interest at 8%. The principal and interest portions of this obligation were originally due November 2001 and were subsequently extended through November 2002.
On May 31, 2002 and July 5, 2002, the Company issued a series of senior convertible promissory notes with principal amounts of $700,000, $300,000, $200,000, $100,000 and $400,000 with maturity dates through January 6, 2003, to investors in its preferred stock. The notes bore interest at 8% and were convertible into equity securities of the Company if certain conditions were met in a proposed preferred stock sale.
On September 13, 2002, these investors agreed to cancel these notes which aggregated $2,000,000 in exchange for three 8% senior secured convertible promissory notes in the amount of $2,000,000, along with seven-year warrants to purchase 2,000,000 shares of Series C preferred stock at an exercise price of $.20 per share. As of December 31, 2002, the notes were in default on certain provisions of the notes, and the Company has accrued interest at the default rate of 14%. The Company has
F-12
NUVIM, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
amortized a debt discount of $168,000 related to the value of the warrants and the conversion feature to interest expense as of December 31, 2002, the maturity date of the notes. The notes are collateralized by all the assets of the Company. Each note holder has the option to convert the principal and accrued interest due, in whole or in part, into a number of shares of Series C preferred stock calculated by dividing the amount of debt and accrued interest by $.20 per share. Interest expense related to the notes was $280,000 for each of the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively. Accrued interest on the notes was $431,965 and $711,965 at December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively.
On February 10, 2003, the Company entered into an agreement with a preferred stockholder to borrow up to $500,000. During 2003, the Company borrowed $480,000 under this agreement and executed 8% senior secured convertible promissory notes, convertible into the Company’s Series C preferred stock at $.20 per share, due through September 18, 2003 and collateralized by all assets of the Company. In connection these notes, the Company issued warrants to the holder to purchase up to 2,500,000 shares of Series C preferred stock at an exercise price of $.20 per share. These convertible notes were in default in September 2003 and became subject to a default interest rate of 14%. The Company has amortized a debt discount of $178,000 related to the value of the warrants and the conversion feature, to interest expense as of the maturity date of the notes. Interest expense related to the notes, including amortization of the debt discount, was $209,002 and $60,057 for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively. Accrued interest on these notes were $41,229 and $101,286 at December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively.
NOTE 8 – CONVERTIBLE PROMISSORY NOTE – RELATED PARTY
On July 26, 2004, The Company issued a convertible promissory note in the amount of $175,000 in payment of accounts payable owed to the Company spokesperson and in consideration for his forbearance until a “maturity date,” as defined in the note. The note accrues interest at the rate of 10% per annum until its original maturity date of January1, 2005, and 15% thereafter. The convertible note is automatically convertible into $245,000 of common stock or unregistered units identical to the units sold at the initial public offering price, provided the offering is consummated on or before May 31, 2005 (original date of December 31, 2004 was previously extended by agreement to March31, 2005 and subsequently to April 30, 2005). If the offering does not occur by May 31, 2005, the convertible note is convertible into $245,000 of common stock, at the option of the holder, at the conversion price of $1.00 per share, subject to certain contingencies defined in the Services Agreement. In accordance with EITF 98-5, “Accounting for Convertible Securities with Beneficial Conversion Features on Contingently Adjustable Conversion Ratios,” the Company has not recorded the beneficial conversion feature because its terms change based on the occurrence of future events outside the control of the holder of the convertible note. This convertible debt has a beneficial conversion feature that will result in a non-cash expense adjustment to the Company at the date of conversion and that expense adjustment could be material. The Company recorded $7,486 as interest expense on the convertible note in 2004. The amount is included in accrued expenses at December 31, 2004.
NOTE 9 – STOCKHOLDER LOANS – SUBORDINATED CONVERTIBLE PROMISSORY NOTES
On September 13, 2002, the Company issued subordinated convertible promissory notes to eleven stockholders with an aggregate principal balance of $735,000, in replacement of outstanding demand notes, issued in June 2001, of the same principal amount. The notes had a maturity date of December 31, 2002, based on certain factors and bear interest at a rate of 8% and default interest at 14%. The notes are subordinated to all the senior debt of the Company. The notes were in default as of December 31, 2002.
The holder of these notes may convert the notes (or a portion thereof) into a number of shares of Company’s Series C preferred stock, calculated by dividing the amount of the debt being converted by $.20 per share rounded to the nearest whole share.
At the holder’s election, unless converted, the accrued interest on the notes shall be paid to the holder in cash on the conversion date.
The Company repaid principal on the notes totaling $22,544 in 2003.
See Note 19B for revisions to these agreements.
F-13
NUVIM, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
On November 30, 2004 three stockholders who are also executive officers agreed to accept 75,143 shares of common stock in satisfaction of $250,000 of notes payable, $95,043 of accrued and default interest thereon, and cancellation of 4,548 of warrants issued in connection with the subordinated convertible promissory notes. The Company has recorded the $345,043 value of the consideration received for the stock as additional paid in capital. The Company believes the value of the stock issued approximates the value of the notes and accrued interest thereon.
Interest expense on stockholder loans was $88,900 and $85,983 for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively. Accrued interest payable was $156,853 and $147,793 as of December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively.
NOTE 10 – ACCRUED COMPENSATION
Accrued compensation consists of salary and bonuses earned and not paid to certain officers and employees of the Company and related payroll taxes thereon. Compensation expense related to accrued and unpaid salary and taxes approximated $513,500 and $476,000 for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively. On November 30, 2004 three executive officers agreed to accept 147,866 shares of common stock in satisfaction of $623,500 of accrued salary due to them through December 31, 2003. The Company has recorded the $623,500 value of the consideration received for the stock, which approximates its fair market value, as additional paid in capital. See Note 19B for revised payment terms.
NOTE 11 – RESCINDED SERIES B OFFERING PAYABLE
Pursuant to a private placement memorandum, dated October 5, 2001, the Company offered to sell shares of Series B convertible preferred stock. The Company, however, did not have a sufficient amount of preferred stock authorized to issue and sell the Series B convertible preferred stock and had not taken certain legal steps to designate the terms of the Series B convertible preferred stock. Accordingly, the Series B convertible preferred stock was invalidly issued and holders thereof did not own an equity interest in the Company as a result of their purported investment therein. As a result, the Company was legally obligated to offer to rescind, or return, the payment made by such holders for such shares, plus any interest required by applicable state law. Proceeds of $647,100 were collected in the Series B offering and accounted for as offering payable from the Company.
In November 2002, the Company consummated its offer to rescind the Series B offering and refund the original purchase price, or issue replacement shares of the Company’s Series C convertible preferred stock at the proposed offering price of $.20 per share, at the investors’ option. Investors representing $568,600 elected to receive, and were issued, 2,843,000 replacement shares of the Series C convertible preferred stock, and investors representing $78,500 elected a cash refund. The Company paid $36,500 of the refunded proceeds due during 2003 and has recorded a liability of $42,000 at December 31, 2003 and 2004.
NOTE 12 – RELATED PARTY ADVANCES
Related party advances consist of short term advances that are due to the lender on demand. At December 31, 2004, the balance consists of $20,000 due to the Company’s underwriter and $62,000 due to an executive officer of the Company. The amount due to the underwriter accrues interest at 10% per annum. The amount due to the executive officer does not accrue interest.
NOTE 13 – OTHER NOTES PAYABLE
Other notes payable consists of two notes payable issued to a law firm in payment of past due legal fees. On August 20, 2004, the Company agreed to pay $30,000 and issue two promissory notes for $120,000 and $30,000, respectively, payable the earlier of the consummation of the proposed public offering or February 5, 2005, in payment of past due accounts payable of $240,000. The notes bear interest at 5% and default interest at 7%. The Company recognized a gain on the
F-14
NUVIM, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
extinguishment of this debt in the amount of approximately $60,000 during the year ended December 31, 2004. The notes have not been paid as of their respective maturity dates. Therefore, on February 3, 2005 the Company agreed to issue a replacement demand note, payable upon the earlier of a demand by the lender or an initial public offering of the Company’s common stock. The note will bear interest at 5% and default interest at 10%.
NOTE 14 – STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
A. Reverse Stock Split
A one-for-fifty five reverse stock split was effected November 30, 2004. The Company retained the current par value of $.00001 per share for all shares of common stock. All references in the financial statements to the number of shares outstanding, per share amounts, and stock option and warrant data pertaining to the Company’s common stock have been restated to reflect the effect of the reverse stock split for all years presented. Stockholders’ deficit reflects the reverse stock split by reclassifying from “common stock” to “additional paid in capital” an amount equal to the par value of the reduced shares arising from the reverse split.
B. Capital Stock
The Company is authorized to issue 185,000,000 shares of all classes of capital stock, including 120,000,000 as common. The Company has authorized 65,000,000 shares of all classes preferred stock, of which 4,875,850 shares are designated as Series A and 50,000,000 as Series C.
C. Preferred Stock Series A
In November 2000, the Company completed a private offering for the sale of 4,875,850 shares of Series A convertible preferred stock for $4,875,850. The gross proceeds of this offering were reduced by $527,975 of placement agent fees, legal fees and expenses incurred in connection with the private offering, paid to a preferred stockholder. In connection with the private offering of Series A convertible preferred stock, the Company issued to the placement agent, who is a preferred stockholder and its representatives, warrants to purchase 17,730 shares of common stock.
Each 55 shares of Series A convertible preferred stock is convertible into one share of common stock, at any time by the holder or automatically in the event of a merger or firmly underwritten public offering of common stock and is subject to anti-dilution provisions as defined in the instrument. Series A convertible preferred stock votes on an as converted basis with common stock, except as required by law. Holders of the Series A convertible preferred stock are entitled to preferential non-cumulative dividends payable at the discretion of the Board of Directors and have preference in liquidation of $1.00 per share.
D. Preferred Stock Series C
In November 2002 and January 2003, the Company completed a private offering for the sale of 3,523,000 and 100,000 shares, respectively, of Series C convertible preferred stock for a total of $724,600, including $568,600 of advances from the rescinded offering of Series B convertible preferred stock. The gross proceeds of this offering were reduced by approximately $240,000 of placement agent fees, legal fees and expenses incurred in connection with the private offering, paid to a preferred stockholder.
Each 55 shares of Series C convertible preferred stock is convertible into one share of common stock, at any time by the holder, or automatically in the event of a merger or public offering of common stock and is subject to anti-dilution provisions as defined in the instrument. Series C convertible preferred stock votes on an as converted basis with common stock. Holders of the Series C convertible preferred stock are entitled to preferential non-cumulative dividends payable at the discretion of the Board of Directors and have preference in liquidation of $.20 per share. No dividends were declared during any periods presented in these financial statements.
The Series C preferred stock, with respect to dividend rights, rights on liquidation, winding up and dissolution, ranked pari pasu with the Company’s Series A preferred stock to the extent set forth in the amended and restated Certificate of Incorporation.
F-15
NUVIM, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
E. Stock Issued As Compensation
The Company issued 21,073 shares of common stock to employees, board members and consultants in exchange for services or in lieu of salary for services provided in the year ended December 31, 2003. The Company recorded compensation expense of approximately $232,000 for the year ended December 31, 2003 in connection with the stock-based compensation.
Additionally, in November 2004, the Company issued 147,866 shares of common stock in payment of past due salaries (see Note 10).
F. Warrants
The following is a summary of warrants issued:
Date Issued | | Basis for Warrant Issuance | | Number of Shares of Common Stock Pertaining to Warrant | | Number of Shares of Preferred Stock Pertaining to Warrant | | Approximate Fair Value Assigned To Warrant (n) | |
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| |
| |
| |
| |
November 2000 | | | Placement agent fees for series A preferred stock (a) (b) | | | 17,732 | | | — | | $ | — | (c) |
June 2001 | | | Stockholder guarantee for bank demand note payable (d) | | | 54,546 | | | — | | $ | 630,000 | (e) |
June 2001 | | | Stockholder demand notes payable (f) (o) | | | 8,823 | | | — | | $ | 154,000 | |
September 2002 | | | Senior convertible promissory notes payable (b) (g) (h) | | | — | | | 2,000,000 | | $ | 84,000 | (i) |
November 2002 | | | Placement agent fees for series C preferred stock (b) (g) (j) | | | 1,273 | | | — | | $ | — | (c) |
March 2003 | | | Accrued compensation | | | 2,577 | | | — | | $ | — | |
September 2003 | | | Senior convertible promissory notes (b) (g) | | | — | | | 2,500,000 | | $ | 89,000 | (m) |
July 2004 | | | Amended services agreement (k) | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
July 2004 | | | Amended services agreement (l) | | | — | | | — | | $ | — | |
|
(a) | Exercise price $55.00 per share and expires November 2007. |
(b) | Includes anti-dilution agreement and cashless exercise right. |
(c) | As these warrants were issued as cost of the preferred stock issuance, such costs are netted with the proceeds of preferred stock as a component of additional paid-in-capital. |
(d) | Exercise price $55.00 per share and expires May through December 2006. |
(e) | Charged to interest expense in 2001. |
(f) | Exercise price $55.00 per share and expires September 2006. |
(g) | Exercise price $0.20 per share. |
(h) | Expires the earlier of September 2009 or within three years of an initial public offering. |
(i) | Charged to interest expense due to maturity of debt in December 2002. |
(j) | Expires the earlier of November 2009 or within three years of an initial public offering. |
(k) | Warrant to purchase $650,000 of common stock, at a price to be determined by future events. See Note 5. |
(l) | Warrant to purchase an amount of common stock to bring spokesperson’s total holdings to 9.9% of outstanding common shares of the Company, shares and value to be determined by future events. |
(m) | Recognized as interest expense as of December 31, 2003, the maturity date of the note. |
(n) | See Note 14 G. for assumptions used to determine fair value of the above issued warrants. |
(o) | On November 30, 2004, three executive officers agreed to cancel 4,958 warrants issued in connection with management loans and 3,950 warrants issued in connection with accrued compensation as part of the agreement to pay notes payable and accrued salary due to them. See Notes 9 and 10. |
F-16
NUVIM, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Information for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2003 and 2004 is Unaudited.)
G. Stock Options
The Company adopted three Stock Option Plans (the “Plans”) in 2000, 2001 and 2002 under which incentive stock options (“ISOs”) and non-qualified stock options (“NQSOs”) to acquire shares of common stock that may be granted to employees, officers, directors and consultants of the Company.
Each Plan expires ten years from the date of adoption. The Company is authorized to grant options for up to 35,273 common shares. Under each Plan, the option price of an ISO may not be less than the fair market value of a share of common stock on the date of grant. An ISO may not be granted to a “ten percent stockholder” (as such term is defined in Section 422A of the Internal Revenue Code) unless the exercise price is at least 110% of the fair market value of the common stock and the term of the option may not exceed five years from the date of grant. The maximum term of each stock option granted to persons other than ten percent stockholders is ten years from the date of the grant.
A summary of the activity in the Plans is as follows:
| | Number of Shares | | Weighted- Average Exercise Price | |
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| |
| |
Outstanding December 31, 2002 | | | 33,428 | | $ | 19.38 | |
| | | | |
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| |
Cancelled | | | — | | | — | |
Issued | | | — | | | — | |
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Outstanding December 31, 2003 | | | 33,428 | | $ | 19.38 | |
| | | | |
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Cancelled | | | (18,112 | ) | $ | 24.25 | |
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Issued | | | — | | | — | |
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Outstanding December 31, 2004 | | | 15,316 | | $ | 19.38 | |
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Exercisable at December 31, 2003 | | | 21,916 | | $ | 26.96 | |
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Exercisable at December 31, 2004 | | | 13,116 | | $ | 14.04 | |
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The options generally expire 10 years from the date of grant. However, in the event a participant’s employment is terminated for any reason other than the result of death, disability or retirement, as defined, the options expire 90 days after termination. If a participant’s employment is terminated as a result of death, permanent disability or retirement, the options expire one year from the date of termination.
The weighted-average remaining contractual life of options outstanding was 7 and 6 years as of December 31, 2003 and December 31, 2004, respectively.
The weighted-average remaining contractual life of options exercisable at December 31, 2004 was 6.5 years.
Pro-forma information regarding net loss is required by SFAS No. 123 and has been determined as if the Company had accounted for its employee stock options under the fair value method of SFAS No. 123. Since there is no trading history for the Company’s stock, the fair value of the Company’s issued options and warrants were estimated at the date of grant using the fair value method with the following assumptions:
Assumptions: | | | | |
Risk–free rate | | | 3.5%-4.85 | % |
Dividend yield | | | 0 | |
Volatility factor of the expected market | | | 0.10 | % |
Price of the Company’s common stock | | | 11.00 | |
Average life | | | 7 years | |
The Black-Scholes option valuation model was developed for use in estimating the fair value of traded options, which have no vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. In addition, option valuation models require the input of highly subjective
F-17
NUVIM, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
assumptions, including the expected stock price volatility. Because the Company’s employee stock options have characteristics significantly different from those of traded options, and because changes in the subjective input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate, in management’s option, the existing models do not necessarily provide a reliable single measure of the fair value of its employee stock options.
H. Stock Issued in Payment of Accounts Payable
In November 2004, several vendors also agreed accept 6,000 shares of common stock at its estimated fair value of $6.00 per share in payment of $36,000 of accounts payable. The amount has been recorded as additional paid in capital as of December 31, 2004. See Note 19B for revised terms.
I. Stock Reserved
At December 31, 2004, the Company had reserved shares of its common and preferred stock as follows:
| | Common | | Preferred | |
| |
| |
| |
Conversion of series A preferred stock | | | 88,732 | | | | |
Conversion of series C preferred stock | | | 65,881 | | | | |
Exercise of preferred stock warrants | | | 81,819 | | | 4,500,000 | |
Exercise of common stock warrants | | | 93,449 | | | | |
Exercise of stock options | | | 35,273 | | | | |
Conversion of senior convertible promissory notes | | | 309,097 | | | 17,000,000 | |
Conversion of subordinated convertible promissory notes | | | 63,636 | | | 3,500,000 | |
Exercise of spokesperson warrants | | | | * | | | * |
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Total | | | 737,887 | | | 25,000,000 | |
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* | Amount to be determined based on future events. See Notes 5 and 18 F. |
J. Nuvim Powder LLC
On August 23, 2004, NuVim Powder LLC was formed. NuVim Powder LLC is owned 51% by the Company, 12.5% by a spokesperson, 12.5% by a director and 24% by a related vendor providing advertising services to the Company. The Company will distribute a powered supplement based on the Company’s proprietary whey protein concentrate. As of December 31, 2004, NuVim Powder LLC is an inactive shell company.
NOTE 15 – INCOME TAXES
Based on the Company’s operating losses, no provision for income taxes have been provided for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2004. At December 31, 2004, the Company had a net operating loss carry forward of approximately $14,082,000, which expires through the year 2024.
At December 31, 2003 and 2004, the Company had deferred tax assets of approximately $4,100,000 and $4,800,000, respectively. A valuation allowance for the full amount of the deferred tax assets was established since it is more likely than not all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Deferred tax assets principally consist of net operating losses and accrued compensation expense.
In December 2003 and 2004, the Company received proceeds from the sale of the rights to approximately $2,852,000 and $3,340,000 of New Jersey state income tax losses, respectively. Based on an agreement with the State of New Jersey, the Company was allowed to allocate and sell their net operating loss representing $256,664 and $300,564 in 2003 and 2004, respectively, in potential tax benefits under the Technology Business Tax Certificate Program administered by the New Jersey Economic Development Authority. The Company received net proceeds of $211,131 and $258,476 in 2003 and 2004, respectively, related to the sale and accordingly recorded them as a tax benefit in the year received.
F-18
NUVIM, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 16 – SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES
| | December 31, | |
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| |
| | 2003 | | 2004 | |
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Prepaid royalty off-set against accounts payable | | $ | 312,806 | | | — | |
Adjustment for related party debt extinguishments through equity | | $ | 100,000 | | $ | 71,912 | |
Issuance of note payable in payment of accounts payable - related party | | | — | | | — | |
Issuance of common stock in payment of accounts payable | | | — | | $ | 36,000 | |
Issuance of common stock in payment of accrued compensation | | | — | | $ | 623,500 | |
Issuance of common stock in payment of stockholder loans and accrued interest | | | — | | $ | 345,043 | |
Issuance of note payable for accounts payable-related party | | | — | | $ | 175,000 | |
Issuance of note payable for accounts payable | | | — | | $ | 150,000 | |
NOTE 17 – COMMITMENTS
A. Royalty, License and Supply Agreement – Related Party
In March 2000 and amended in May 2004, the Company entered into an agreement for the exclusive licensing rights, in specific territories, to produce and market certain beverage products, patented and trademarked by SMBI. The agreement is for a term of 10 years commencing on the date of the amendment, May 2004, and provides for royalties of between 1% and 2% of net sales for the duration of the agreement. The exclusive licensing agreement can be cancelled by SMBI if the Company does not meet its annual purchasing commitment under the supply agreement (see below), in which case, SMBI agrees to negotiate in good faith for a non-exclusive supply agreement. The original agreement also provided for an upfront royalty payment of $500,000, which was used to offset 50% of royalties due to SMBI under the agreement.
At December 31, 2003, as agreed by all parties, prepaid royalties were used to offset royalties payable and accounts payable due SMBI. In connection with this agreement, the Company recorded an increase to additional paid in capital of $100,000, representing the utilization of prepaid royalties, which were subject to an impairment write down during 2001. This increase in additional paid in capital has been recorded pursuant to Accounting Principle Board Opinion No. 28.
Royalty expense of approximately $36,000 and $21,000 was recorded in the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively, of which $0 and $21,000 are payable to SMBI at December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively.
In January 2000 and amended in May 2004, the Company entered into a supply agreement with SMBI for the purchase of SMBI’s proprietary immune whey protein concentrate. The agreement is for a term of 10 years, commencing on the date of amendment, May 2004. During the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2004, the Company purchased approximately $245,000 and $47,000, respectively, of the milk and whey protein concentrates from SMBI.
SMBI is the Company’s sole source of this whey protein concentrate. If the Company is unable to obtain this product from SMBI, the Company’s manufacturing and distribution processes could be severely disrupted and operations could be adversely affected.
The license and supply agreements are subject to the Company maintaining minimum purchases of SMBI’s proprietary immune whey protein concentrate. The agreement requires the Company to purchase minimum amounts of whey protein which are determined annually by mutual agreement. The minimum purchase agreement will equal the volume forecast of three metric tons ($102,000) in 2005 and four metric tons ($136,000) in 2006, which are forecasted in the Company’s prospectus for the public offering of its common stock. If the Company does not complete the public offering of its stock by March 31, 2005, subsequently extended to May 31, 2005, the purchasing commitment increases to 12 metric tons ($408,000) for 2005. In each subsequent year the minimum purchase commitment is the greater of the prior year’s actual purchases or 115% of the prior year’s minimum purchase commitment. For each calendar year in which the Company fails to purchase its minimum purchase requirements, the Company shall pay to SMBI a sum equal to the contract price for the shortfall of product not purchased.
B. Lease
The Company leases office space under an agreement expiring in December 2006, with annual payments approximating $58,000. During the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2004, rent expense was approximately $58,000 and $58,000, respectively.
F-19
NUVIM, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
C. Employment Agreements
In September 2004, the Company entered into employment agreements with three of its executive officers that will become effective upon the closing of the proposed public offering of its common stock. The employment agreements have a term of three years with an aggregate annual salary of $575,000.
The Company has entered into an employment agreement with another executive officer that has no specific termination date, with an initial $150,000 annual base salary.
NOTE 18 – RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
A. Consulting Fees
Included in selling, general and administrative expenses are consulting fees to a stockholder and convertible note holder to act as general counsel and secretary of the Company of approximately $18,000 for the year ended December 31, 2004.
Included in selling, general and administrative expenses are consulting fees to an immediate family member of an executive officer of the Company of approximately $24,000 and $27,000 for the years ended December 31, 2003 and December 31, 2004, respectively.
B. Legal Fees
The Company incurred approximately $1,100 and $1,400 of legal fees for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively, to a law firm that is controlled by an advisor and former board member of the Company.
C. Advertising and Legal Fees
The Company incurred approximately $92,000 of marketing and legal expenses for the year ended December 31, 2004 to an advertising agency and law firm, controlled by a board member, a member of his immediate family and an investor in NuVim Powder LLC.
D. Spokesperson Fees
The Company incurred approximately $50,000 of spokesperson fees for the year ended December 31, 2003, to a holder of warrants and convertible notes in the Company.
E. Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses – Related Parties
Accounts payable and accrued expenses – related parties consists of the following:
| | December 31, | |
| |
| |
| | 2003 | | 2004 | |
| |
| |
| |
Royalty license and supply agreement – (a) | | $ | 525,000 | | $ | 487,000 | |
Consulting fees – (b) | | | 64,000 | | | 98,600 | |
Legal fees – (b) | | | 9,000 | | | 1,400 | |
Advertising and Legal fees – (b) (d) | | | — | | | 72,000 | |
Spokesperson fees payable (c) | | | 175,000 | | | — | |
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| |
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| |
Total | | $ | 773,000 | | $ | 659,000 | |
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(a) | Payable to SMBI, an approximate 41% stockholder of the Company. |
(b) | See description of same caption above. |
(c) | See Note 18C for amended services agreement and Note 8, convertible promissory note. |
(d) | See Note 19B for repayment terms. |
F-20
NUVIM, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
F. Amended Service Agreement – Spokesperson
On July 26, 2004, the Company entered into an amended services agreement with its spokesperson. Under the agreement, the Company agreed to issue a convertible promissory note (see Note 8) in payment of unpaid past services and enter into an amended agreement for services for the three year period ending in January, 2006.
On September 14, 2004, the Company entered into a second amendment to the Services Agreement, providing for the issuance of 30,000 shares of common stock and a warrant to purchase $650,000 of common stock at a fair market price to be determined based on a “maturity event,” as defined in the agreement, in consideration for services to be provided under the amended services agreement during the years 2004, 2005 and 2006. The warrant expires 10 years after issuance. The number of shares and exercise price of the warrant are set according to the sooner of a “maturity event,” as defined in the amended service agreement and the warrant agreement, or March 31, 2005, subsequently extended to May 31, 2005. In the event of a public stock offering of the Company’s common stock on or prior to April 30, 2005, the warrant will be exercisable at the IPO price into the number of shares of common stock calculated by dividing $650,000 by the initial public offering price. If the maturity event is a sale of assets or a merger or acquisition, the share calculation price is determined depending on the nature of the maturity event. If a “maturity event” does not occur on or prior to April 30, 2005, the share calculation price will be the lesser of $1 or 80% of the purchase price per share in any subsequent financing, including this offering, depending on the outcome of certain future events defined in the agreement.
The stock issued and underlying the warrants are subject to 100% forfeiture if the spokesperson does not complete all services during the entire period under the Services Agreement. Therefore, no value will be ascribed to the stock and warrants until performance is complete in accordance with EITF 96-18.
NOTE 19 – SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
A. Stock Option Plan
In January 2005, the Board of Directors approved the 2005 Incentive Stock Option Plan for the benefit of its officers, employees and consultants. The Board also approved the 2005 Directors’ Stock Option Plan for the Company’s board members. These plans will become effective concurrently with the closing of the proposed IPO (see Note 19 B.), will expire ten years later and will have various terms and conditions as described in the respective plans.
B. Initial Public Offering
The Company entered into a letter of intent with an investment bank to consummate a firmly underwritten public offering of its common stock (the “proposed IPO”) as of May 10, 2004. In connection with the proposed IPO, a group of related investors in the Company’s preferred stock, concurrently with the closing of the proposed offering, agreed to pay unpaid principal and interest on the Company’s $2,500,000 demand note payable to a bank, cancel $2,480,000 in senior convertible notes and accrued interest thereon and cancel warrants to purchase 63,563 of Series C preferred stock in exchange for 461,700 shares of common stock.
Also, the holders of the Company’s Series A and Series C preferred stock voted to automatically convert their shares into common stock upon the closing of the proposed IPO.
In April 2005, the holders of the Company’s senior notes payable – related parties agreed to convert outstanding principal and accrued interest at April 30, 2005, aggregating $1,071,646, into 357,216 shares of common stock, if an initial public offering of its common stock is completed by May 31, 2005. The holders of the notes agreed not to sell shares of stock received in the transaction for a period of six months after the initial public offering.
In April 2005, two holders of the Company’s subordinated convertible promissory notes agreed to convert outstanding principal and accrued interest at April 30, 2005, aggregating $179,813, into 59,939 shares of common stock, if the Company completes an initial public offering of its common stock. The holders of the notes agreed not to sell shares of stock received in the transaction for a period of six months after the initial public offering.
F-21
NUVIM, INC.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
In April 2005, three holders of the Company’s subordinated convertible promissory notes agreed to convert outstanding accrued interest at April 30, 2005, aggregating $89,969, into 29,990 shares of common stock, if the Company pays the principal balance aggregating $235,000 from the proceeds of an initial public offering of its common stock. In connection with the transaction, one noteholder also agreed to forgive $11,900 of default interest accrued on his note. The holders of the notes agreed not to sell the shares of stock received in the transaction for a period of six months after the initial public offering.
In April 2005, one holder of the Company’s subordinated convertible promissory notes agreed to forgive $10,671 of interest accrued on his note, if the Company pays the $25,000 outstanding principal balance of the note out of the proceeds of a public offering of its common stock. The holder has agreed not to sell the shares received in the transaction for a period of six months after the initial public offering.
In April 2005, two vendors agreed to accept 36,334 shares of common stock in settlement of $109,000 of accounts payable owed to them. One of the vendors was a related party, representing $72,000 of the settlement. Additionally, the Company plans to issue 5,999 shares of common stock to three vendors as additional consideration for $36,000 of accounts payable converted to common stock in 2004 (see Note 14H) in order to settle these acounts payable on similar terms to other negotiated debt extinguishment transactions. The vendors have agreed not to sell the shares received in these transactions for a period of six months after the initial public offering.
In April 2005, three executive officers of the Company agreed to convert accrued salaries owed to them through February 28, 2005, aggregating $514,584, into 171,529 shares of common stock if the Company completes a public offering of its common stock. The executive officers agreed not to sell the shares of stock received in the transaction for a period of six months after the initial public offering.
C. Legal Proceeding
On March 22, 2005, The Post Confirmation Trust for a bankrupt former customer of the Company filed a complaint in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware seeking recovery of approximately $12,000 in preferential transfers to the Company in payment of purchased product. The Company plans to dispute the claim. The resolution of this claim is not expected to have a material impact on the results of operations, financial position or cash flows of the Company and no expenses related to the claim have been recorded in the financial statements as of December 31, 2004.
F-22
2,700,000 Units
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NUVIM, INC.
PROSPECTUS
PAULSON INVESTMENT COMPANY, INC.
CHICAGO INVESTMENT GROUP, LLC
S.W. BACH & COMPANY
, 2005
[Alternative Front Cover Page]
661,007 SHARES
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COMMON STOCK
This prospectus relates to the potential sale by certain selling security holders of an aggregate of 661,007 shares of common stock of NuVim, Inc. None of the proceeds from the sale of the shares by the selling security holders will be received by us. We will bear all expenses (other than selling commissions and fees and expenses of counsel or other advisors to the selling security holders) in connection with the registration and sale of the shares being offered by the selling security holders.
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our securities, and there can be no assurance that any such market will develop. The shares will be offered by the selling security holders in transactions on the Pacific Exchange, in negotiated transactions or a combination of such methods of sale, at fixed prices which may be changed, at market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at prices related to such prevailing market prices, or at negotiated prices. The selling security holders may effect such transactions by selling the shares to or through broker-dealers, and such broker-dealers may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the selling security holders and/or the purchasers of the shares for whom such broker-dealers may act as agent or to whom they sell as principal, or both. The selling security holders may be deemed to be “underwriters” as defined in the Securities Act of 1933. If any broker-dealers are used by the selling security holders, any commissions paid to broker-dealers and, if broker-dealers purchase any units as principals, any profits received by such broker-dealers on the resale of the units, may be deemed to be underwriting discounts or commission under the Securities Act. In addition, any profits realized by the selling security holders may be deemed to be underwriting commissions. Brokerage commissions, if any, attributable to the sale of the units will be borne by the selling security holders.
Our units, common stock, the Class A public warrant and the Class B public warrant have been approved for listing on the Pacific Exchange under the symbols “NUVMU,” “NUVM,” “NUVMW” and “NUVMZ,” respectively.
Concurrently with the commencement of this offering, we offered by separate prospectus in a firmly underwritten offering 2,700,00 units, each unit consisting of (i) one share of common stock; (ii) one Class A redeemable warrant; and (iii) one Class B nonredeemable warrant. Our offering was offered through Paulson Investment Company, Inc., the representative of the underwriters (the “IPO”).
See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 7 for a discussion of certain factors that should be considered in connection with an investment in the shares.
THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION AND STATE SECURITIES REGULATORS HAVE NOT APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED OF THESE SECURITIES OR DETERMINED IF THIS PROSPECTUS IS TRUTHFUL OR COMPLETE. IT IS ILLEGAL FOR ANY PERSON TO TELL YOU OTHERWISE.
The date of this Prospectus is , 2005.
Alt - 1
[Alternative Table of Contents]
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| Page |
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Prospectus Summary | 3 |
Risk Factors | 7 |
Forward-Looking Statements | 12 |
Use of Proceeds | 13 |
Dividend Policy | 14 |
Capitalization | 14 |
Dilution | 15 |
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 17 |
Business | 24 |
Management | 32 |
Related Party Transactions | 39 |
Principal Stockholders | 44 |
Selling Stockholders | 47 |
Description of Securities | 49 |
Shares Eligible for Future Sale | 53 |
Plan of Distribution | 55 |
Legal Matters | 56 |
Experts | 56 |
Where You Can Find More Information | 56 |
Index to Financial Statements | F-1 |
You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. We have not authorized any other person to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. Information contained on our website does not constitute a part of this prospectus. The information in this prospectus may only be accurate as of the date appearing on the cover page of this prospectus, regardless of the time this prospectus is delivered or our shares are sold.
NuVim™, LactoActin™ and LactoMune™ are trademarks used by NuVim, Inc. under a license from Stolle Milk Biologics, Inc., the trademarks’ owner. The trademark Fruit Symphony™ is owned by NuVim, Inc. All other brand names or trademarks appearing in this prospectus are the property of their respective owners.
Alt - 2
[Alternative The Offering Page]
| | The Offering | |
| | |
Securities offered by the selling stockholders | | 661,007 shares of common stock |
| | |
Common stock outstanding before and after this offering | | 4,473,060 shares |
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Use of proceeds | | We will receive no proceeds from the sale of the securities offered and sold by the selling stockholders. |
| | | |
Pacific Exchange symbols | | Common stock | NUVM |
| | Class A Warrants | NUVMW |
| | Class B Warrants | NUVMZ |
| | Units | NUVMU |
The number of shares of common stock outstanding before and after this offering includes the following transactions that are taking place concurrently the closing of our initial public offering of 2,700,000 units of common stock, Class A warrants and Class B warrants (the “IPO”):
| • | the automatic conversion of 4,875,850 shares of Series A preferred stock and 3,623,000 shares of Series C preferred stock into an aggregate of 154,613 shares of common stock, effective upon the closing of this offering (the “preferred stock conversion”); |
| | |
| • | the automatic conversion of a convertible promissory note that is convertible into that number of unregistered units calculated by dividing $245,000 by the initial public offering price (the “Clark note conversion”); assuming an initial public offering price of $3.00, the conversion will result in the issuance of 81,667 units (including 81,667 shares of common stock) effective upon the closing of the IPO; |
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| • | the conversion of approximately $5.9 million of outstanding indebtedness into an aggregate of 461,700 shares of common stock effective upon the closing of the IPO (the “Spencer Trask debt extinguishment transaction”); |
| | |
| • | the conversion of (i) accrued salaries through February 28, 2005 in the amount of $514,584 owed to our executive officers into 171,529 shares of common stock; (ii) $269,782 of principal and accrued interest on notes payable through April 30, 2005 into 89,929 shares of common stock; (ii) $1,071,646 of principal and accrued interest through April 30, 2005 on the bridge loan into 357,216 shares of common stock; and (iv) accounts payable of $109,000 into 42,333 shares of common stock, which conversions will all occur concurrently with the closing of the IPO (collectively, the “concurrent debt extinguishment issuances”); and |
| | |
| • | the issuance of 2,700,000 shares of common stock as a component of the units sold to the public in our IPO. |
See “Related Party Transactions” for a description of the Clark note conversion, the Spencer Trask debt extinguishment transaction, the bridge loan conversion and the salary repayment transaction.
Unless the context indicates otherwise, all share and per-share common stock information in this prospectus:
| • | reflects a 1-for-55 reverse stock split of our common stock effective on November 30, 2004; |
| | |
| • | assumes no exercise of the Class A public warrants or the Class B public warrants issued in the IPO; |
| | |
| • | assumes no exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option granted in the IPO; |
| | |
| • | assumes no exercise of the representative’s warrants issued in the IPO; and |
| | |
| • | excludes the issuance of (i) up to781,229 shares of common stock, which is an estimate of the number of shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding warrants, some of which are exercisable at the per share price of the units being offered in our initial public offering ($3.00) and assuming a closing date for the offering |
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[Alternative The Offering Page Contd.,]
| | no later than May 31, 2005; if either the units are sold at a different initial public offering price or a later closing date occurs, the number of shares issuable upon exercise of two warrants issued in connection with the short-term loan we received between July and December 2004 could be materially different (see “Related Party Transactions” for a description of the bridge loan and related transactions); (ii) up to 15,316 shares issuable upon exercise of options granted under our option plans, at a weighted exercise price of $19.38; and (iii) up to 1,700,000 shares issuable upon exercise of options that may be granted under our 2005 Incentive Stock Option Plan and 2005 Directors Stock Option Plan, of which 982,500 options to our executive officers and 133,500 options to our directors that are expected to be granted on the effective date of the plans. |
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[Alternative Use of Proceeds]
USE OF PROCEEDS
We will not receive any proceeds upon the sale of any of the shares registered on behalf of the selling security holders.
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[Alternative Selling Stockholders Page]
SELLING STOCKHOLDERS
The following table sets forth certain information with respect to the beneficial ownership of our common stock by each selling security holder as of the closing of our initial public offering and after the sale of all the shares available for sale by the selling stockholders pursuant to this prospectus.
| | Shares Beneficially Owned Prior to this Offering | | Number of Shares that May Be Sold Pursuant to this Prospectus (1) | | Shares Beneficially Owned After this Offering | |
| |
| | |
| |
Name of Selling Stockholder | | Amount | | Percentage | | | Number | | Percentage | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Dick Clark(2) | | | 837,367 | (3) | | 16.7 | % | | 178,608 | | | 658,759 | (3 | | 13.1 | % |
Stanley H. Moger(4) | | | 562,870 | (5) | | 11.6 | | | 178,608 | | | 384,262 | (5) | | 7.9 | |
Richard P. Kundrat(6) | | | 196,831 | (7) | | 4.4 | | | 63,195 | | | 133,636 | (7) | | 3.0 | |
John L. Sullivan(8) | | | 116,838 | (9) | | 2.6 | | | 54,167 | | | 62,671 | (9) | | 1.4 | |
Paul J. Young(10) | | | 117,365 | (11) | | 2.6 | | | 54,167 | | | 63,198 | (11) | | 1.4 | |
Donald H. Farley(12) | | | 52,954 | (13) | | 1.2 | | | 47,951 | | | 52,954 | (13) | | * | |
Michael Maizes(14) | | | 24,000 | | | * | | | 24,000 | | | — | | | — | |
Peter Bluestein | | | 32,871 | | | * | | | 14,617 | | | 18,254 | | | * | |
R. J. Palmer, Inc. | | | 12,334 | | | * | | | 12,334 | | | — | | | * | |
Lawrence E. Hicks(15) | | | 12,718 | | | * | | | 8,064 | | | 4,654 | | | * | |
Nelson Jurjevic | | | 7,491 | | | * | | | 7,309 | | | 182 | | | * | |
Dominick DeBellis(16) | | | 7,735 | | | * | | | 2,667 | | | 5,068 | | | * | |
Real Advertising | | | 1,666 | | | * | | | 1,666 | | | — | | | — | |
Santa Fe Productions | | | 1,666 | | | * | | | 1,666 | | | — | | | — | |
Total | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
|
| | | | | | | |
TOTAL | | | | | | | | | 661,007 | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
|
| | | | | | | |
|
* | Less than 1%. |
(1) | This prospectus also shall cover any additional shares of common stock that become issuable in connection with the shares registered for sale hereby by reason of any stock dividend, stock split, recapitalization or other similar transaction effected without the receipt of consideration that results in an increase in the number of our outstanding shares of common stock. |
(2) | Mr. Clark is our media spokesperson. |
(3) | Includes 706,793 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding warrants. |
(4) | Mr. Moger is a one of our directors. |
(5) | Includes 382,489 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding options and warrants that are exercisable by July 12, 2005. |
(6) | Mr. Kundrat is our Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer. |
(7) | Does not include 300,000 shares of common stock that will be issuable upon exercise of options that are expected to be granted upon the effective date of the 2005 Incentive Stock Option Plan and 7,500 shares of common stock that will be issuable upon exercise of options that will be automatically granted upon the effective date of the 2005 Directors Stock Option Plan, all of which options will be immediately exercisable. Other options that are expected to be granted under the 2005 Incentive Stock Option Plan or will automatically be granted under the 2005 Directors Stock Option Plan at the same time will become exercisable commencing one year after the date of grant. |
(8) | Mr. Sullivan is our Vice President of Sales. |
(9) | Does not include 125,000 shares of common stock that will be issuable upon exercise of options that are expected to be granted upon the effective date of the 2005 Incentive Stock Option Plan that will be immediately exercisable or other options that are expected to be granted under the 2005 Incentive Stock Option Plan at the same but that will become exercisable beginning one year after the date of grant. |
(10) | Mr. Young is our Vice President of Operations. |
(11) | Does not include 125,000 shares of common stock that will be issuable upon exercise of options that are expected to be granted upon the effective date of the 2005 Incentive Stock Option Plan that will be immediately exercisable or |
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[Alternative Selling Stockholders Page Contd.,]
| other options that are expected to be granted under the 2005 Incentive Stock Option Plan at the same but that will become exercisable beginning one year after the date of grant. |
(12) | Mr. Farley is one of our directors. Mr. Farley is also the Chief Executive Officer of Spencer Trask and the Chairman of the Board of Stolle Milk Biologics, Inc. but his share total does not include any securities owned by Spencer Trask or SMBI. Mr. Farley disclaims beneficial ownership of all such securities except to the extent of his pecuniary interest in those entities. |
(13) | Includes 1,819 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding warrants and 910 shares held by an inter vivos family trust. Does not include 7,500 shares of common stock that will be issuable upon exercise of options that will be automatically granted upon the effective date of the 2005 Directors’ Stock Option Plan, which options will be immediately exercisable. Other options that will automatically be granted at the same time will become exercisable commencing one year after the date of grant. |
(14) | Mr. Maizes is one of our lawyers. |
(15) | Mr. Hicks is our Corporate Secretary and a consultant. |
(16) | Mr. DeBellis is our former Chief Financial Officer. |
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[Alternative Plan of Distribution in place of Underwriting]
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
Subject to the agreement of each selling stockholder not to sell any of his shares until November 13, 2005, each selling security holder is free to offer and sell his shares at such times, in such manner and at such prices as he shall determine. Such shares may be offered by the selling security holders in one or more types of transactions, which may or may not involve brokers, dealers or cash transactions. The selling security holders may also use Rule 144 under the Securities Act to sell such securities if they meet the criteria and conform to the requirements of such rule. There is no underwriter or coordinating broker acting in connection with the proposed sales of shares by the selling security holders.
The selling security holders have advised us that sales of shares may be effected from time-to-time in transactions (which may include block transactions) in the over-the-counter market, in negotiated transactions, through the writing of options on the units, or a combination of such methods of sale, at a fixed price which may be changed, at market prices prevailing at the time of sale, or at negotiated prices. The selling security holders may effect such transactions by selling shares directly to purchasers or to or through broker-dealers which may act as agents or principals. Such broker-dealers may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions, or commissions from the selling security holders or the purchasers of shares for whom such broker-dealers may act as agents or to whom they sell as principal, or both (which compensation as to a particular broker-dealer may be in excess of customary commissions). The selling security holders and any broker-dealers that act in connection with the sale of the shares might be deemed to be “underwriters” within the meaning of Section 2(11) of the Securities Act, and any commissions received by them and any profit on the resale of the shares as principal might be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act. The selling security holders may agree to indemnify any agent, dealer or broker-dealer that participates in transactions involving sales of the units against certain liabilities, including liabilities arising under the Securities Act.
Because selling security holders may be deemed to be “underwriters” within the meaning of Section 2(11) of the Securities Act, the selling security holders will be subject to prospectus delivery requirements under the Securities Act. Furthermore, in the event of a “distribution” of shares, any selling security holders, any selling broker-dealer and any “affiliated purchasers” may be subject to Rule 10b-7 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 which prohibits any “stabilizing bid” or “stabilizing purchase” for the purpose of pegging, fixing or stabilizing the price of units in connection with this offering.
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[Alternative Back Cover Page]
661,007 Shares
COMMON STOCK
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NUVIM, INC.
PROSPECTUS
____________, 2005
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PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
Item 24. Indemnification of Directors and Officers
The General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “General Corporation Law”) provides for the indemnification of directors, officers, employees and other agents of the corporation under certain circumstances as set forth in section 145. Section 145 permits a corporation to indemnify its agents, typically directors and officers, for expenses incurred or settlements or judgments paid in connection with certain legal proceedings. Only those legal proceedings arising out of such persons’ actions as agents of the corporation may be grounds for indemnification.
Whether or not indemnification may be paid in a particular case depends upon whether the agent wins, loses or settles the suit and upon whether a third party or the corporation itself is the plaintiff. The section provides for mandatory indemnification, no matter who the plaintiff is, when an agent is successful on the merits of a suit. In all other cases, indemnification is permissive.
If the agent loses or settles a suit brought by a third party, he or she may be indemnified for expenses incurred and settlements or judgments paid. Such indemnification may be authorized upon a finding that the agent acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in the best interests of the corporation.
If the agent loses or settles a suit brought by or on behalf of the corporation, his or her right to indemnification is more limited. If he or she is adjudged liable to the corporation, the court in which such proceeding was held must determine whether it would be fair and reasonable to indemnify him or her for expenses which such court shall determine. If the agent settles such a suit with court approval, he or she may be indemnified for expenses incurred in connection with the defense and settlement of the suit, upon a finding that the agent acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in the best interests of the corporation and its stockholders.
Under Section 145, the indemnification discussed above may be authorized by a majority vote of the disinterested directors or stockholders (the person to be indemnified is excluded from voting his or her shares) or the court in which the proceeding was brought.
Under Section 145, a corporation may authorize, by by-law, agreement or otherwise, the indemnification of its agents in excess of that expressly permitted by Section 145. The Registrant’s By-laws provide that indemnification shall be mandatory in all cases where it is permitted by Section 145.
Section 102(b) of the General Corporation Law permits corporations to eliminate or limit the personal liability of a director to the corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of the fiduciary duty as a director. The Registrant’s Certificate of Incorporation provides for elimination of personal liability of directors for breach of fiduciary duty as a director except for the following: (i) for any breach of such director’s duty of loyalty to the Corporation or its stockholders; (ii) for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law; (iii) under Section 174 of the General Corporation Law; or (iv) for any transaction from which such director derived an improper personal benefit. The Registrant’s Certificate of Incorporation further provides that modification or repeal of this provision may not affect the elimination of liability therein provided with respect to a director’s personal liability for any act or omission that occurs prior to such modification or repeal.
Finally, a corporation has the power to purchase indemnity insurance for its agents, even if it would not have the power to indemnify them. The Registrant has purchased such insurance.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”) may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, the Registrant has been informed that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable.
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Item 25. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution
The following table sets forth an itemization of all expenses we will pay in connection with the issuance and distribution of the securities being registered, other than the underwriters’ non-accountable expense allowance. Except for the SEC registration fee and NASD filing fee, the amounts listed below are estimates:
Nature of Expense | | Amount | |
| |
| |
SEC registration fee | | $ | 10,144 | |
NASD filing fee | | | 8,651 | |
Pacific Exchange listing fee | | | 20,000 | |
Accounting fees and expenses | | | 95,000 | |
Legal fees and expenses | | | 360,000 | |
Printing and related expenses | | | 80,000 | |
Blue Sky fees and expenses | | | 80,000 | |
Transfer agent and warrant agent fees and expenses | | | 3,500 | |
Miscellaneous expenses, including road show expenses | | | 41,705 | |
| |
|
| |
Total | | $ | 699,000 | |
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|
| |
Item 26. Sales of Unregistered Securities
We have issued without registration the following securities since November 1, 2001:
In October 2001, we initiated a private offering of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock. We issued an aggregate of 770,548 shares at $1.00 per share to a total of 25 accredited investors in an offering that was exempt from registration pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act. Those who participated in this transaction included the following investors.
Investor | | Series B Shares Issued(#) | |
| |
| |
Jan Arnett* | | | 18,182 | |
Thomas J. Bolling | | | 22,727 | |
Ralph Caine IRA | | | 45,455 | |
Dennis R. Christensen | | | 54,546 | |
John A. Cleary | | | 10,000 | |
Marie Feraudo | | | 9,092 | |
William Feraudo | | | 9,091 | |
Janice Gatto | | | 45,455 | |
Gross Common Fund | | | 25,000 | |
Mark Klausner | | | 26,000 | |
Abraham Klein and Dinah Klein JTWROS | | | 15,000 | |
Abraham N. Klein* | | | 30,000 | |
Kenneth Kostal* | | | 10,000 | |
Warren Kramer | | | 5,000 | |
J. Allen Lamb* | | | 10,000 | |
Richard J. Mish | | | 10,000 | |
Stanley H. Moger & Marcia S. Moger JTWROS | | | 50,000 | |
Bernard Oleyar Trust | | | 5,000 | |
Robert J. Palmer | | | 22,727 | |
Parfina Inv. Inc | | | 200,000 | |
Raymond James & Assoc Inc. Custodian FBO | | | | |
Harry A. Pinkman IRA | | | 36,364 | |
James H. Robbins* | | | 18,182 | |
Edward R. Sherwood | | | 27,273 | |
Davey L. Willans | | | 20,000 | |
John Young | | | 45,455 | |
* Requested return of money invested. | | | | |
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However, we subsequently discovered that we did not have a sufficient amount of preferred stock authorized to issue and sell the Series B Preferred Stock and had not taken the appropriate legal steps to designate the terms of the Series B Preferred Stock. Therefore, the Series B Preferred Stock was not validly issued. To rectify the situation, in February 2002, we offered to rescind the sale of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock. We offered the Series B purchasers the option to apply the amount of their investment toward the purchase of shares of our Series C Convertible Preferred Stock (discussed below) or to receive a refund of the amount purportedly invested in the Series B stock offering. Those investors whose names are marked with an asterisk chose to accept rescission and return of their money. Twenty investors, who had purportedly invested an aggregate of $568,600, elected to receive an aggregate of 2,843,000 shares of Series C Preferred Stock and five investors requested a refund of a total of $78,500. The rescission offer was made pursuant to the exemption from registration provided in Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
Between January 1, 2002 and December 31, 2002, we issued an aggregate of 8,606 options to executive officers and directors under our stock option plans. The options are exercisable at $11. These options were granted pursuant to the exemption from registration provided in Section 4(2) of the Securities Act.
In January 2002, pursuant to the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act, we issued 546 and 1,310 shares of common stock to Messrs. Sullivan and Young, respectively. These shares were issued in lieu of cash payments of 2001 salaries in the amount of $30,000 for Mr. Sullivan and $72,000 for Mr. Young.
In May and July 2002, pursuant to the exemption from registration provided in Section 4(2) of the Securities Act, the registrant issued Senior Convertible Promissory Notes aggregating $1,600,000 to certain of its preferred stockholders. These notes, together with $400,000 of convertible promissory notes issued in November 1999, were cancelled in September 2002. In exchange, the registrant issued 8% Senior Secured Convertible Promissory Notes to three Spencer Trask-related entities. The principal and accrued interest on the notes, which are in default, are convertible into shares of Series C Preferred Stock at a conversion price of $0.20. The conversion price for converting the Series C Preferred Stock to Common Stock is $11, taking into account the effects of the reverse stock split. The registrant also issued warrants to the noteholders entitling them purchase up to 2,000,000 shares of Series C Preferred Stock at $0.20 per share in connection with this transaction. The November 2004 reverse stock split had the effect of reducing the number of shares of Common Stock into which the Series C Preferred Stock is convertible to 36,364 shares and increasing the conversion price to $11.00. These convertible notes and warrants will be cancelled as of the closing of the offering in connection with an agreement with Spencer Trask.
In September 2002, pursuant to the exemption from registration provided in Section 4(2) of the Securities Act, the registrant issued Subordinated Convertible Promissory Notes to 11 accredited investors and stockholders, aggregating $735,000, which replaced outstanding demand notes issued in June 2001 in the same principal amount. The notes are convertible into Series C Preferred Stock at a conversion price of $0.20. The conversion price for converting the Series C Preferred Stock to Common Stock is $11, taking into account the effects of the reverse stock split. The registrant also issued an aggregate of 735,000 warrants to purchase shares of Series C Preferred Stock at an exercise price of $0.20.
In November 2002 and January 2003, pursuant to the exemptions provided by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act and Rule 506 promulgated thereunder, the registrant sold an aggregate of 3,623,000 shares of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock in a private placement to 28 accredited investors for total cash consideration of $724,600. Giving effect to the 55-for-1 reverse stock split, these shares are convertible into 65,881 shares of common stock, which will automatically occur concurrently with the closing of the offering. The investors and the amount invested by each are as follows:
Investor | | Consideration Paid ($) | | Series C Shares Issued (#) | |
| |
| |
| |
M. Gallati and J. Sperti | | $ | 110,000 | | | 550,000 | |
Jan Arnet | | | 22,000 | | | 110,000 | |
Walter Bernheimer II | | | 50,000 | | | 250,000 | |
Thomas Bolling | | | 25,000 | | | 125,000 | |
Aaron Caine | | | 7,000 | | | 35,000 | |
Dennis R. Christensen | | | 60,000 | | | 300,000 | |
John Cleary | | | 11,000 | | | 55,000 | |
Richard Ellis | | | 50,000 | | | 250,000 | |
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Investor | | Consideration Paid ($) | | Series C Shares Issued (#) | |
| |
| |
| |
Raymond James & Associates Inc. FBO | | | | | | | |
Harry Pinkman IRA | | | 20,000 | | | 100,000 | |
National Investor Services Corp FBO | | | | | | | |
Ralph Caine IRA | | | 50,000 | | | 250,000 | |
Marie Feraudo | | | 10,000 | | | 50,000 | |
Janice Gatto | | | 50,000 | | | 250,000 | |
Anthony Gennaro | | | 13,000 | | | 65,000 | |
Peter Gross | | | 27,500 | | | 137,500 | |
Mark Krausner | | | 28,600 | | | 143,000 | |
Kenneth Kostal | | | 1,100 | | | 5,500 | |
Warren Kramer | | | 5,500 | | | 27,500 | |
J. Allen Lamb | | | 12,500 | | | 60,500 | |
Vincent and Susan Lanteri | | | 25,000 | | | 125,000 | |
Richard Mish | | | 11,000 | | | 55,000 | |
Stanley and Marcia Moger | | | 27,500 | | | 137,500 | |
Bernard Oleyar | | | 5,500 | | | 27,500 | |
Robert Palmer | | | 25,000 | | | 125,000 | |
Ellsheva Potash | | | 11,000 | | | 55,000 | |
Edward Sherwood | | | 30,000 | | | 150,000 | |
Davey Willans | | | 24,200 | | | 121,000 | |
John Young | | | 50,000 | | | 250,000 | |
In November 2002, pursuant to the exemption from registration provided in Section 4(2) of the Securities Act, the registrant issued to the placement agent in the Series C financing an aggregate of 70,000 warrants to purchase Series C Convertible Preferred Stock. The placement agent was an affiliate of Spencer Trask Specialty Group, LLC, a founder and principal stockholder. These warrants are exercisable at $0.20. The November 2004 reverse stock split had the effect of reducing the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Series C Preferred Stock to 1,273 and increasing the conversion price to $11.00. These warrants will be cancelled concurrently with the closing of this offering.
From time to time between February 2003 and March 2003, pursuant to the exemption from registration provided in Section 4(2) of the Securities Act, the registrant issued to a single accredited investor, who was a preferred stockholder, additional 8% Senior Secured Convertible Promissory Notes in the aggregate amount of $480,000 and warrants to purchase up to 2,500,000 shares of Series C Preferred Stock, exercisable at $0.20. The Series C Preferred Stock is convertible into Common Stock at $11.00. The November 2004 reverse stock split had the effect of reducing the number of warrant shares to 45,455 and increasing the exercise price to $11.00.
In March 2003, pursuant to the exemption from registration provided in Section 4(2) of the Securities Act, the registrant issued an aggregate of 3,950 warrants to its three executive officers as follows: Mr. Kundrat was issued 1,450 warrants and Messrs. Sullivan and Young each received 1,250 warrants. The warrants are exercisable for seven years at $11 per share. These warrants were issued as part of their 2003 compensation.
Between March 2003 and August 2003, pursuant to the exemption from registration provided in Section 4(2) of the Securities Act, the registrant issued an aggregate of 10,775 shares of common stock at a value of $11 per share to Richard P. Kundrat, the Chief Executive Officer, John L. Sullivan, the Vice President of Sales and Paul J. Young, the Chief Financial Officer. The shares were issued in lieu of 50% of their salaries earned from February 1, 2003 through July 31, 2003. The shares were issued as follows: (i) 3,955 shares to Mr. Kundrat for $43,505 of salary; and (ii) 3,410 shares to each of Messrs. Sullivan and Young for $37,510 of salary.
In July 2004, pursuant to the exemption from registration provided in Section 4(2) of the Securities Act, in connection with a series of bridge financing agreements, including an amendment to the Services Agreement between the Registrant and Dick Clark’s production company, the registrant issued a convertible promissory note to its spokesman, Dick Clark. The face amount of the convertible note is $175,000, which reflects past due services rendered under the Services Agreement. The convertible note is convertible into unregistered units otherwise identical to the units being sold
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in the offering, the exact number of which shall be calculated by dividing $245,000 by the conversion price, which is equal to the initial public offering price if the public offering is completed on or before March 31, 2005, or $1.00 per unit thereafter. Assuming a $3 initial public offering price, the convertible note is convertible in 81,667 unregistered units of common stock, Class A Warrants and Class B Warrants.
In July 2004, pursuant to the exemption from registration provided in Section 4(2) of the Securities Act, in furtherance of the bridge financing referred to in the previous paragraph, the registrant issued a warrant to Dick Clark under the terms of which he or his assignee has the right to purchase that number of shares of the registrant’s common stock such that Mr. Clark’s ownership interest in the registrant, fully diluted after the offering, equals 9.9%. The warrant is exercisable at the initial public offering price of the units being sold in this offering. The rights under this warrant have been equally divided between Mr. Clark and Stanley H. Moger, one of the registrant’s directors and the other party participating in the bridge financing. Based on the information available and assumptions regarding the initial public offering price, the warrant will entitled Mr. Clark and Mr. Moger collectively to purchase up to 1,104,721 shares of common stock.
In September 2004, pursuant to the exemption from registration provided in Section 4(2) of the Securities Act, in furtherance of the bridge financing referred to in the previous paragraphs and the second amendment to the Services Agreement in particular, the registrant issued a warrant to Dick Clark in consideration for his agreement to provide promotional and advertising services for the period 2004 through January 31, 2006. Under the terms of the warrant, Mr. Clark or his assignee has the right to purchase that number of shares of the registrant’s common stock calculated by dividing $650,000 by the initial public offering price of the units being offered in this offering, provided the bridge loan is repaid on or before March 31, 2005. In the event the loan has not been repaid, the exercise price is reduced depending on the “Maturity Event,” as defined in the warrant. The rights under this warrant have been equally divided between Mr. Clark and Stanley H. Moger, one of the registrant’s directors and the other party participating in the bridge financing. Assuming a $3 per share initial public offering price, this warrant will entitle Mr. Clark and Mr. Moger to purchase 216,666 shares of common stock.
In September 2004, pursuant to the exemption from registration provided in Section 4(2) of the Securities Act, in connection with the second amendment to the Services Agreement referred to above, Dick Clark was also issued 30,000 shares of Common Stock in consideration for Mr. Clark agreeing to provide promotional and advertising services through December 31, 2006.
In November 2004, pursuant to the exemption from registration provided in Section 4(2) of the Securities Act, the registrant issued an aggregate of 223,000 shares of common stock to three of its executive officers to pay them deferred salaries and bonuses through 2003 of $743,333 and principal and accrued interest on outstanding loans totaling $313,036. Of these shares, 72,802 were issued in payment of the outstanding loans and 150,197 shares were issued to pay accrued salaries and bonuses. The number of shares issued was determined by negotiation between the registrant and each executive officer.
In November 2004, pursuant to the exemption from registration provided in Section 4(2) of the Securities Act, the registrant issued an aggregate of 6,000 shares of common stock at a value of $6 per share to the registrant’s former chief financial officer, a firm that is one of the four owners, including the registrant, of NuVim Powder LLC and a firm that provides advertising to the registrant. The shares were issued for amounts due and owing in the aggregate amount of $36,000.
The issuances were as follows:
Investor | | Trade Payables Consideration ($) | | Shares of Common Stock Issued (#) | |
| |
| |
| |
Dominick DeBellis | | $ | 16,000 | | | 2,666 | |
Santa Fe Productions | | | 10,000 | | | 1,667 | |
REAL Advertising | | | 10,000 | | | 1,667 | |
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Item 27. Exhibits
Exhibit No. | | | | Description |
| | | |
|
| 1.1 | | | | Revised Form of Underwriting Agreement |
| 3.1 | | (1) | | Registrant’s Certificate of Incorporation, as amended |
| 3.2 | | (1) | | Registrant’s Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation |
| 3.3 | | (3) | | Registrant’s Second Amended and Restated Designation and Description of Series A Preferred Stock |
| 3.4 | | (3) | | Registrant’s Amended and Restated Designation and Description of Series C Preferred Stock |
| 3.5 | | (1) | | Registrant’s By-laws |
| 4.1 | | (3) | | Revised Form of Common Stock Certificate |
| 4.2 | | (3) | | Revised Form of Class A Public Warrant |
| 4.3 | | (3) | | Revised Form of Class B Public Warrant |
| 4.4 | | (3) | | Revised Form of Unit Certificate |
| 4.5 | | | | Revised Form of Warrant Agreement between the Registrant and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company |
| 4.6 | | | | Revised Form of Representative’s Purchase Warrant |
| 5.1 | | | | Opinion of Wickersham & Murphy, a Professional Corporation |
| 10.1 | | (1) | | Employment Agreement between the Registrant and Richard P. Kundrat, dated as of September 9, 2004 |
| 10.2 | | (1) | | Employment Agreement between the Registrant and John L. Sullivan, dated as of September 9, 2004 |
| 10.3 | | (1) | | Employment Agreement between the Registrant and Paul J. Young, dated as of September 9, 2004 |
| 10.4 | | (2) | | Employment Agreement between the Registrant and Michael Vesey, dated as of December 1, 2004 |
| 10.5 | | (1) | | Form of Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant and its directors |
| 10.6 | | (3) | | Revised 2005 Incentive Stock Option Plan |
| 10.7 | | (3) | | Revised 2005 Directors’ Stock Option Plan |
| 10.8 | | (1) | | 2000 Employee Stock Option Plan |
| 10.9 | | (1) | | 2001 Employee Stock Option Plan |
| 10.10 | | (2) | | 2002 Employee Stock Option Plan |
| 10.11 | | (1) | | 2000 Employee Equity Incentive Plan |
| 10.12 | | (1) | | Amended and Restated License Agreement between the Registrant and Stolle Milk Biologics, Inc., dated |
| | | | | as of May 1, 2004 |
| 10.13 | | (1) | | Amended and Restated Supply Agreement between the Registrant and Stolle Milk Biologics, Inc., dated as |
| | | | | of May 1, 2004 |
| 10.14 | | (1) | | Loan Agreement between the Registrant and Dick Clark dated as of July 26, 2004 |
| 10.14.1 | | (2) | | Letter Agreement dated November 3, 2004 amending certain terms of the Amendment to Services Agreement and Convertible Promissory note each dated July 26, 2004 and Second Amendment to Services Agreement and Warrant, each dated September 14, 2004 |
| 10.14.2 | | (3) | | Letter Agreement dated March 28, 2005 amending certain terms of the Amendment to Services Agreement and Convertible Promissory note each dated July 26, 2004 and Second Amendment to Services Agreement and Warrant, each dated September 14, 2004 |
| 10.14.3 | | | | Letter Agreement dated April 30, 2005 amending certain terms of the Amendment to Services Agreement and Convertible Promissory note each dated July 26, 2004 and Second Amendment to Services Agreement and Warrant, each dated September 14, 2004 |
| 10.15 | | (1) | | Security Agreement between the Registrant and Dick Clark dated as of July 26, 2004 |
| 10.16 | | (1) | | Form of Secured Promissory Notes Up to $1 Million (Bridge Financing) |
| 10.17 | | (1) | | Convertible Note dated as of July 26, 2004 payable to Dick Clark |
| 10.18 | | (1) | | Warrant to Purchase $650,000 of Common Stock dated as of September 14, 2004 |
| 10.19 | | (1) | | Warrant to Purchase up to 9.9% of the Outstanding Capital Stock, dated as of July 26, 2004 |
| 10.20 | | (1) | | Services Agreement between the Registrant and Olive Enterprises, Inc., dated February 20, 2000 |
| 10.21 | | (1) | | Amendment to Services Agreement between the Registrant and Olive Enterprises, Inc., dated as of July 26, 2004 |
| 10.22 | | (1) | | Second Amendment to Services Agreement between the Registrant and Olive Enterprises, Inc., dated as of September 14, 2004 |
| 10.23 | | (1) | | Form of Subordination Agreement (Bridge Financing) |
| 10.24 | | (1) | | Consent to Grant Security Interest, Waiver, Subordination and Amendment Agreement between Registrant and Stolle Milk Biologics, Inc., dated August 5, 2004 |
| 10.25 | | (1) | | Processing and Packing Agreement between the Registrant and Clover Farms Dairy Company, dated June 27, 2000 |
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Exhibit No. | | | | Description |
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| 10.26 | | (1) | | Amendment to Processing and Packing Agreement between the Registrant and Clover Farms Dairy Company, effective April 1, 2003 |
| 10.27 | | (1) | | Second Amended and Restated Stockholders Agreement dated as of August 2, 2004 |
| 10.28 | | (1) | | Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of August 2, 2004 |
| 10.29 | | (3) | | Wachovia line of credit documents |
| 10.30 | | (1) | | Lease between the Registrant and Paramus Plaza IV Associates, dated December 8, 1999 and Addendum II to Lease, dated December 8, 1999 |
| 10.31 | | (1) | | First Amendment to Lease between the Registrant and Paramus Plaza IV Associates, dated November 5, 2002 |
| 10.32 | | (1) | | Second Amendment to Lease between the Registrant and Paramus Plaza IV Associates, dated November 23, 2004 |
| 10.33.1 | | (3) | | Letter Agreements dated December 31, 2004 between Spencer Trask Private Equity Fund I LP, Spencer Trask Private Equity Fund II LP, Spencer Trask Specialty Group LLC and Kevin Kimberlin Partners LP, on the one hand, and the registrant on the other, with respect to the debt extinguishment transactions between the parties, as amended by agreements of March 28, 2005 |
| 10.33.2 | | | | Agreement dated May 2, 2005 further amending the agreements with Spencer Trask |
| 10.34 | | (3) | | Security Agreement between the Registrant and Spencer Trask Speciality Group LLC, dated January 31, 2002 |
| 10.35 | | (3) | | Modification and Extension Agreement between Stolle Milk Biologics, Inc. and the Registrant dated March 28, 2005 |
| 10.36 | | | | Conversion Agreement dated April 30, 2005 between the Registrant and Dick Clark |
| 21 | | (1) | | Subsidiaries of the Registrant |
| 23.1 | | | | Consent of Wickersham & Murphy, a Professional Corporation (included in Exhibit 5.1) |
| 23.2 | | | | Consent of WithumSmith+Brown, P.C., Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm |
| 24 | | (1) | | Power of Attorney (included on Page II - 6 of the Registration Statement filed on December 2, 2004) |
| 99 | | (2) | | Form of lock-up agreement between Paulson Investment Company, Inc. and the Registrant’s officers, directors and stockholders |
(1) Previously filed as part of the Registration Statement filed on December 2, 2004. |
(2) Previously filed as part of Pre-effective Amendment No.1 to the Registration Statement filed on February 3, 2005. |
(3) Previously filed as part of Pre-effective Amendment No.3 to the Registration Statement filed on March 31, 2005. |
Item 28. Undertakings
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
| The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to: |
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| (1) | File, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement to: |
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| | (i) | Include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act); |
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| | (ii) | Reflect in the prospectus any facts or events which, individually or together, represent a fundamental change in the information in the registration statement; and notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the dollar value of the securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20% change in the |
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| | | maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement; and |
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| | (iii) | Include any additional or changed material information on the plan of distribution. |
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| (2) | For determining liability under the Securities Act, treat each post-effective amendment as a new registration statement of the securities offered, and the offering of the securities at that time to be the initial bona fide offering. |
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| (3) | File a post-effective amendment to remove from registration any of the securities that remain unsold at the end of the offering. |
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| (4) | For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, treat the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424 (b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act as part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective. |
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| (5) | For determining any liability under the Securities Act, treat each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus as a new registration statement for the securities offered in the registration statement, and that offering of the securities at that time as the initial bona fide offering of those securities. |
In addition, the undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to provide to the underwriters at the closing specified in the underwriting agreements, certificates in such denominations and registered in such names as required by the underwriters to permit prompt delivery to each purchaser.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Paramus, State of New Jersey, on the 4 th day of May, 2005.
| NUVIM, INC. |
| | |
| By: | /s/ RICHARD P. KUNDRAT |
| |
|
| | Richard P. Kundrat, Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature | | Title | | Date |
| |
| |
|
/S/ RICHARD P. KUNDRAT | | Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of | | May 4, 2005 |
| | the Board (Principal Executive Officer) | | |
Richard P. Kundrat | | | | |
| | | | |
/S/ MICHAELVESEY | | Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial | | May 4, 2005 |
| | and Accounting Officer) | | |
Michael Vesey | | | | |
* | | Director | | May 4, 2005 |
| | | | |
Donald F. Farley | | | | |
| | | | |
* | | Director | | May 4, 2005 |
| | | | |
William Franke | | | | |
| | Director | | |
Calvin L. Hodock | | | | |
| | | | |
* | | Director | | May 4, 2005 |
| | | | |
Stanley H. Moger | | | | |
| | | | |
* | | Director | | May 4, 2005 |
| | | | |
Frederick S. Pierce | | | | |
| | Director | | |
| | | | |
Peter V. DeCrescenzo | | | | |
*By: | /S/ MICHAEL VESEY | |
|
| |
| Michael Vesey | |
| Attorney-in-Fact | |
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