SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES: (Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Nov. 30, 2017 |
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract] | |
Use of estimates | Use of estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expense during the reporting period. The Company evaluates these estimates on a regular basis and bases them on historical experience and on various assumptions that the Company believes are reasonable. Actual results could differ from the estimates. |
Principles of consolidation | Principles of consolidation The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company, its wholly-owned subsidiaries, majority-owned subsidiaries in which no substantive participating rights are held by minority stockholders and variable interest entities if the Company is the primary beneficiary. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. The Consolidated Financial Statements include 100% of the assets and liabilities of majority-owned subsidiaries and the ownership interest of minority investors is recorded as noncontrolling interest. Investments in 20% through 50% owned affiliated companies are accounted under the equity method where the Company exercises significant influence over operating and financial affairs of the investee and is not the primary beneficiary. Investments in less than 20% owned companies are recorded under the cost method, unless the Company has significant influence. |
Segment reporting | Segment reporting Operating segments are based on components of the Company that engage in business activity that earns revenue and incurs expenses and (a) whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the Company’s chief operating decision maker to make decisions about resource allocation and performance and (b) for which discrete financial information is available. The Company has two reportable segments: Technology Solutions and Concentrix. The Technology Solutions segment represents an aggregation of the Technology Solutions United States, Canada, Japan and Latin America operating segments. The Technology Solutions segment distributes peripherals, IT systems, including data center servers, system components, software, networking/communications/security equipment, consumer electronics (“CE”) and complementary products to a variety of customers, including value-added resellers, system integrators and retailers. The segment also designs and integrates energy efficient data center servers built specific to the customers’ data center environments. The Concentrix segment offers a range of global business services focused on process optimization, customer engagement strategy and back-office automation to clients in ten industry verticals. The portfolio of services offered comprises end-to-end process outsourcing services that are delivered through omni-channels including both voice and non-voice. |
Cash and cash equivalents | Cash and cash equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments purchased with an original maturity or remaining maturity at date of purchase of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents consist principally of money market deposit accounts that are stated at cost, which approximates fair value. The Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of default by financial institutions to the extent that cash balances with financial institutions are in excess of amounts that are insured. |
Investments | Investments The Company classifies its investments in marketable securities as trading and available-for-sale. Marketable securities related to its deferred compensation plan are classified as trading and are recorded at fair value, based on quoted market prices, and unrealized gains and losses are included in “Other income (expense), net” in the Company’s financial statements. All other securities are classified as available-for-sale and are recorded at fair market value, based on quoted market prices, and unrealized gains and losses are included in “Accumulated other comprehensive income,” a component of stockholders’ equity. Realized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities, which are calculated based on the specific identification method, and declines in value judged to be other-than-temporary, if any, are recorded in “Other income (expense), net” as incurred. To determine whether a decline in value is other-than-temporary, the Company evaluates several factors, including the current economic environment, market conditions, operational and financial performance of the investee, and other specific factors relating to the business underlying the investment, including business outlook of the investee, future trends in the investee’s industry and the Company’s intent to carry the investment for a sufficient period of time for any recovery in fair value. If a decline in value is deemed as other-than-temporary, the Company records reductions in carrying values to estimated fair values, which are determined based on quoted market prices if available or on one or more of the valuation methods such as pricing models using historical and projected financial information, liquidation values, and values of other comparable public companies. The Company classifies its term deposits with financial institutions, with maturities from the date of purchase greater than three months and less than one year , as held-to-maturity investments. These term deposits are held until the maturity date and are not traded. The Company has investments in equity instruments of privately-held companies and investments for which there are not readily determinable fair values. The investments that are included in “Short-term investments” are accounted for under the cost method of accounting. Long-term investments, which the Company has the ability and intent to hold for more than twelve months , are included in “Other assets” and are accounted for under the cost method of accounting. The Company monitors its cost-method investments for impairment by considering current factors, including the economic environment, market conditions, operational performance and other specific factors relating to the business underlying the investment, and records reductions in carrying values when necessary. |
Allowance for doubtful accounts | Allowance for doubtful accounts The allowance for doubtful accounts is an estimate to cover the losses resulting from the inability of customers to make payments for outstanding balances. In estimating the required allowance, the Company takes into consideration the overall quality and aging of the accounts receivable, credit evaluations of customers’ financial condition and existence of credit insurance. The Company also evaluates the collectability of accounts receivable based on specific customer circumstances, current economic trends, historical experience with collections and any value and adequacy of collateral received from customers. |
Inventories | Inventories Inventories as of November 30, 2016 are stated at the lower of cost or market. As of November 30, 2017 inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is computed based on the weighted-average method. Inventories are comprised of finished goods and work-in-process. Finished goods include products purchased for resale, system components purchased for both resale and for use in the Company’s systems design and integration business, and completed systems. Work-in-process inventories are not material to the Consolidated Financial Statements. |
Derivatives financial instruments | Derivative Financial Instruments The Company accounts for its derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities and carries them at fair value. For derivative instruments that hedge the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows that are designated as cash flow hedges, the gain or loss on the derivative instrument is reported as a component of “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)” in stockholders’ equity and reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. To receive hedge accounting treatment, cash flow hedges must be highly effective in offsetting changes to expected future cash flows on hedged transactions. Derivatives used to minimize foreign exchange risk on assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the respective entities are not designated as hedging instruments and are adjusted to fair value through earnings in the current period. |
Property and equipment | Property and equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method based upon the shorter of the estimated useful lives of the assets, or the lease term of the respective assets, if applicable. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred, and improvements are capitalized. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation and amortization are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in operations in the period realized. The ranges of estimated useful lives for property and equipment categories are as follows: Equipment and Furniture 3-10 years Software 3-7 years Leasehold improvements 2-15 years Buildings and building improvements 10-40 years |
Goodwill and intangible assets | Goodwill and intangible assets The values assigned to intangible assets are based on estimates and judgment regarding expectations for the success and life cycle of products and technologies and length of customer relationships acquired in a business combination. Purchased intangible assets are amortized over the useful lives based on estimates of the use of the economic benefit of the asset or on the straight-line amortization method. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets, including the amount assigned to identifiable intangible assets. The Company allocates goodwill to reporting units based on the reporting unit expected to benefit from the business combination and tests for impairment annually in the fourth quarter or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that it may be impaired. Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level by first performing a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value. The factors that are considered in the qualitative analysis include macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors such as increases in product cost, labor, or other costs that would have a negative effect on earnings and cash flows; and other relevant entity-specific events and information. If the reporting unit does not pass the qualitative assessment, then the reporting unit’s carrying value is compared to its fair value. The fair values of the reporting units are estimated using market and discounted cash flow approaches. The assumptions used in the market approach are based on the value of a business through an analysis of sales and other multiples of guideline companies and recent sales or offerings of a comparable entity. The assumptions used in the discounted cash flow approach are based on historical and forecasted revenue, operating costs, future economic conditions, and other relevant factors. Goodwill is considered impaired if the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value. No goodwill impairment has been identified for any of the years presented. Intangible assets consist primarily of customer relationships and lists, vendor lists, technology and trade names. Amortization is based on the pattern in which the economic benefits of the intangible assets will be consumed or on a straight line basis when the consumption pattern is not apparent over the following useful lives: Customer relationships and lists 4-10 years Vendor lists 4-10 years Technology 5-10 years Other intangible assets 1-10 years |
Impairment of long-lived assets | Impairment of long-lived assets The Company reviews the recoverability of its long-lived assets, such as intangible assets, property and equipment and certain other assets, when events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate the carrying value of the asset or asset group may not be recoverable. The assessment of possible impairment is based on the Company’s ability to recover the carrying value of the asset or asset group from the expected future pre-tax cash flows, undiscounted and without interest charges, of the related operations. If these cash flows are less than the carrying value of such assets, an impairment loss is recognized for the difference between estimated fair value and carrying value. |
Software costs, for resale | Software costs The Company develops software platforms for internal use and for resale. The Company capitalizes costs incurred to develop software for resale subsequent to the software product reaching technological feasibility. Capitalized costs are amortized over the economic life of the product using the greater of the straight-line amortization or using the ratio of current revenue to future expected revenue. |
Software costs, for internal use | The Company capitalizes the costs incurred to develop software for internal use when new software is developed, the life of existing software is extended or significant enhancements are added to the features of existing software. The capitalized development costs primarily comprise payroll costs. |
Concentration of credit risk | Concentration of credit risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentration of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and derivative instruments. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents and derivative instruments are transacted and maintained with financial institutions with high credit standing, the compositions and maturities of which are regularly monitored by management. Through November 30, 2017 , the Company has not experienced any credit losses on such deposits and derivative instruments. Accounts receivable include amounts due from customers and original equipment manufacturer (“OEM”) vendors primarily in the technology industry. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and limits the amount of credit extended when deemed necessary, but generally requires no collateral. The Company also maintains allowances for potential credit losses. In estimating the required allowances, the Company takes into consideration the overall quality and aging of the receivable portfolio, the existence of a limited amount of credit insurance and specifically identified customer and vendor risks. |
Book overdrafts | Book overdrafts Book overdrafts, representing checks issued in excess of balances on deposit in the applicable bank accounts and which have not been paid by the applicable bank at the balance sheet date are classified as “Borrowings, current” in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. Under the terms of the Company’s banking arrangements, the respective financial institutions are not legally obligated to honor the book overdraft balances. The Company’s policy is to report the change in book overdrafts as a financing activity in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. |
Revenue recognition | Revenue recognition Products revenue represents revenue from the Company’s Technology Solutions segment and services revenue represents revenue from the Company’s Concentrix segment. Technology Solutions The Company generally recognizes revenue on the sale of hardware and software products when they are shipped or delivered and on services when they are performed, if persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the sales price is fixed or determinable, collection of resulting accounts receivable is reasonably assured, risk of loss and title have transferred and product returns are reasonably estimable. Binding purchase orders from customers together with agreement to our terms and conditions of sale by way of an executed agreement or other signed document constitutes evidence of an arrangement. Where product acceptance provisions exist, assuming all other revenue recognition criterion are met, revenue is recognized upon the earlier of shipment/delivery for products that have been demonstrated to meet product specifications, customer acceptance or the lapse of acceptance provisions. Provisions for sales returns and allowances are estimated based on historical data and are recorded concurrently with the recognition of revenue. These provisions are reviewed and adjusted periodically by the Company. Revenue is presented net of taxes collected from customers and remitted to government authorities. Revenue is reduced for early payment discounts and volume incentive rebates offered to customers. The Company recognizes revenue on a net basis on certain contracts, including service contracts, post-contract software support services and extended warranty contracts, where it is not the primary obligor, by recognizing the margins earned in revenue with no associated cost of revenue. Concentrix The Company recognizes revenue from services contracts when evidence of an arrangement exists, services are delivered, fees are fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. Service contracts may be based on a fixed price or on a fixed unit-price per transaction or other objective measure of output. Revenue on fixed price contracts is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the contract as services are provided. Revenue on unit-price transactions is recognized using an objective measure of output including staffing hours or the number of transactions processed by service agents. Customer contract terms can range from less than one year to more than five years. Revenue is reported net of any revenue-based taxes assessed by governmental authorities that are imposed on and concurrent with specific revenue-producing transactions. |
Cost of revenue | Cost of Revenue Cost of products revenue represents cost of the Company’s Technology Solutions segment and cost of services revenue represents cost of the Company’s Concentrix segment. Technology Solutions Cost of revenue includes the product price paid to OEM suppliers, net of any incentives, rebates, price protection and purchase discounts received from the OEM suppliers. Cost of revenue also consists of provisions for inventory losses and write-downs, shipping and handling costs and royalties due to OEM vendors. In addition, cost of revenue includes the cost of materials, labor and overhead and warranty for design and integration activities. Concentrix Recurring direct operating costs for services are recognized as incurred. Cost of services revenue consists primarily of personnel costs. Where a contract requires an up-front investment, which typically includes transition and set-up costs related to systems and processes, these amounts are deferred and amortized on a straight-line basis over the expected period of benefit, not to exceed the fixed term of the contract. The Company performs periodic reviews to assess the recoverability of deferred contract transition and setup costs. This review is done by comparing the estimated minimum remaining undiscounted cash flows of a contract to the unamortized contract costs. If such minimum undiscounted cash flows are not sufficient to recover the unamortized costs, an impairment loss is recognized for the difference between the estimated fair value and the carrying value. If a cash flow deficiency remains after reducing the carrying amount of the deferred costs, the Company evaluates any remaining long-lived assets related to that contract for impairment. |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | Selling, General and Administrative expenses Selling, general and administrative expenses are charged to income as incurred. Expenses of promoting and selling products and services are classified as selling expense and include such items as compensation, sales commissions and travel. General and administrative expenses include such items as compensation, cost of warehouse, delivery centers and other non-integration facilities, legal and professional costs, office supplies, non-income taxes, insurance and utility expenses. In addition, selling, general and administrative expenses include other operating items such as allowances for credit losses, depreciation and amortization of intangible assets. |
OEM supplier programs | OEM supplier programs Funds received from OEM suppliers for volume promotion programs, price protection and product rebates are recorded as adjustments to cost of revenue and/or the carrying value of inventories, as appropriate. Where there is a binding agreement, the Company tracks vendor promotional programs for volume discounts on a program-by-program basis and records them as a reduction to cost of revenue based on a systematic and rational allocation. The Company monitors the balances of vendor receivables on a quarterly basis and adjusts the balances due for differences between expected and actual sales volume. Vendor receivables are generally collected through reductions authorized by the vendor to accounts payable. Funds received for specific marketing and infrastructure reimbursements, net of related costs, are recorded as adjustments to “Selling, general and administrative expenses,” and any excess reimbursement amount is recorded as an adjustment to cost of revenue. |
Royalties | Royalties The Company’s software product purchases include products licensed from OEM vendors, which are subsequently distributed to resellers. Royalties to OEM vendors are accrued and recorded in cost of revenue when software products are shipped and revenue is recognized. |
Warranties | Warranties The Company’s OEM suppliers generally warrant the products distributed by the Company and allow returns of defective products. The Company generally does not independently warrant the products it distributes; however, the Company does warrant the following: (1) products that it builds to order from components purchased from other sources; and (2) its services with regard to products that it assembles for its customers. To date neither warranty expense, nor the accrual for warranty costs has been material to the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. |
Advertising | Advertising Costs related to advertising and product promotion expenditures are charged to “Selling, general and administrative expenses” as incurred and are primarily offset by OEM marketing reimbursements. To date, net costs related to advertising and promotion expenditures have not been material. |
Income taxes | Income taxes The asset and liability method is used in accounting for income taxes. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected tax consequences of temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements using enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the difference is expected to reverse. Valuation allowances are provided against deferred tax assets that are not likely to be realized. The Company recognizes tax benefits from uncertain tax positions only if that tax position is more likely than not to be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such positions are then measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon settlement. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in the provisions for income taxes. |
Foreign currency translations | Foreign currency translations The financial statements of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries whose functional currencies are the local currencies are translated into U.S. dollars for consolidation as follows: assets and liabilities at the exchange rate as of the balance sheet date, stockholders’ equity at the historical rates of exchange, and income and expense amounts at the average exchange rate for the month. Translation adjustments resulting from the translation of the subsidiaries’ accounts are included in “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).” Transactions denominated in currencies other than the applicable functional currency are converted to the functional currency at the exchange rate on the transaction date. At period end, monetary assets and liabilities are remeasured to the functional currency using exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. Non-monetary assets and liabilities are remeasured at historical exchange rates. Gains and losses resulting from foreign currency transactions are included within “Other income (expense), net.” |
Comprehensive income | Comprehensive income Comprehensive income is defined as the change in equity of a business enterprise during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources. The primary components of comprehensive income for the Company include net income, foreign currency translation adjustments arising from the consolidation of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries, unrealized gains and losses on the Company’s available-for-sale securities, unrealized gains and losses on cash flow hedges and the changes in unrecognized pension and post-retirement benefits. |
Share-based compensation | Share-based compensation Share-based compensation is estimated at the grant date based on the fair value of the awards expected to vest and recognized as expense ratably over the requisite service period of the award. The Company uses the Black-Scholes valuation model to estimate fair value of share-based option awards, which requires various assumptions including estimating stock price volatility and expected life. |
Pension and post-retirement benefits | Pension and post-retirement benefits Defined benefit pension costs are estimated using various actuarial assumptions including discount rates, expected return on plan assets, inflation, mortality rates and compensation increases. The assumptions used are reviewed on an annual basis. The Company records pension expense related to multi-employer plans based on the amount of contributions that are contractually owed during the period. |
Earnings per common share | Earnings per common share Earnings per share is calculated using the two-class method. The two-class method is an earnings allocation proportional to the respective ownership among holders of common stock and participating securities. Basic earnings per common share is computed by dividing net income attributable to the Company’s common stockholders by the weighted average of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per common share also considers the dilutive effect of in-the-money stock options and restricted stock units, calculated using the treasury stock method. |
Treasury Stock | Treasury Stock Repurchases of shares of common stock are accounted for at cost, which includes brokerage fees, and are included as a component of stockholders’ equity in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. |
Reclassifications | Reclassifications Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period amounts in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and the notes thereto to conform to current period presentation, primarily pursuant to the adoption of new accounting pronouncements. The impact of reclassifications pursuant to adoption of new guidance is provided below under “Recently adopted accounting pronouncements.” Other reclassifications in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows had no effect on cash flows from operating, investing or financing activities as previously reported. |
Recent issued accounting pronouncements | Recently adopted accounting pronouncements In August 2017, the Financial Accounting Standard Board (the “FASB”) issued a new accounting standard that amends and simplifies existing guidance related to hedge accounting in order to allow companies to more accurately present the economic effects of risk management activities in their financial statements. It is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and interim periods within those annual periods with early adoption permitted. Entities will apply the standard’s provisions as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first effective reporting period. The Company adopted this guidance in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2017. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements. In May 2017, the FASB issued guidance to clarify when to account for a change to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award as a modification. Under the new guidance, modification accounting is required only if the fair value, the vesting conditions, or the classification of the award (as equity or liability) changes as a result of the change in terms or conditions. The guidance is effective prospectively for all companies for annual periods and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning on or after December 15, 2017. The Company adopted the guidance prospectively in the second quarter of fiscal year 2017. The adoption had no impact on the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements. In January 2017, the FASB issued guidance to simplify the accounting for goodwill impairment. It removes Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test, which requires a hypothetical purchase price allocation. Goodwill impairment will now be calculated as the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not exceeding the carrying amount of goodwill. In addition, income tax effects from any tax deductible goodwill shall also be considered in measuring goodwill impairment loss, if applicable. The guidance is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019 and should be adopted prospectively. Early adoption is permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment test performed with a measurement date after January 1, 2017. The Company adopted the guidance prospectively in the first quarter of fiscal year 2017. The adoption had no impact on the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements. In November 2016, the FASB issued new guidance which requires that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. Therefore, amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. The Company adopted this new guidance in the first quarter of fiscal year 2017, with retrospective effect. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company's cash flow statement for the year ended November 30, 2017. Cash used in investing activities increased by $82,376 and decreased by $54,435 , during the years ended November 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. In October 2016, the FASB issued new guidance that requires a reporting entity to recognize the tax expense from intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory in the selling entity’s tax jurisdiction when the transfer occurs, even though the pre-tax effects of that transaction are eliminated in consolidation. Any deferred tax asset that arises in the buying entity’s jurisdiction would also be recognized at the time of the transfer. The Company adopted this new guidance in the first quarter of fiscal year 2017 using the modified retrospective approach. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements. In August 2016, the FASB issued an amendment to the statement of cash flows. It addresses eight specific cash flow issues to clarify the presentation and classification of cash receipts and cash payments in the statement of cash flows where diversity in practice exists. The Company adopted this new standard in the first quarter of fiscal year 2017, with retrospective effect. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company's cash flows from operating, investing or financing activities. In November 2015, the FASB issued a new accounting standard that requires deferred tax liabilities and assets be classified as noncurrent on a company’s balance sheet. The Company adopted this new standard in the first quarter of fiscal year 2017, with retrospective effect. Although the adoption did not materially impact the company's consolidated financial position or results of operations, it resulted in a reclassification of $44,116 of deferred tax assets from current to noncurrent and a reclassification of $448 of deferred tax liabilities from current to noncurrent at November 30, 2016. In addition, the Company offset $5,000 of current deferred tax assets against noncurrent deferred tax liabilities as of November 30, 2016 in order to present a single noncurrent deferred tax balance by tax jurisdiction. In September 2015, the FASB issued a new accounting standard that eliminates the requirement to restate prior period financial statements for measurement period adjustments. The new guidance requires that the cumulative impact of a measurement period adjustment (including the impact on prior periods) be recognized in the reporting period in which the adjustment is identified. Consistent with existing guidance, the new guidance requires an acquirer to disclose the nature and amount of measurement period adjustments. In addition, companies are required to present separately on the face of the income statement or disclose in the notes the portion of the adjustment recorded in current-period earnings by line item that would have been recorded in previous reporting periods if the adjustment to the provisional amounts had been recognized as of the acquisition date. The Company adopted this new standard prospectively in the first quarter of fiscal year 2017. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements. In July 2015, the FASB issued a new accounting standard that simplifies the subsequent measurement of inventory. It replaces the lower of cost or market test with the lower of cost or net realizable value test. Net realizable value is defined as the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal, and transportation. The Company adopted this new standard prospectively in the first quarter of fiscal year 2017. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements. In April 2015, the FASB issued new guidance to customers about whether a cloud computing arrangement includes a software license. If the cloud computing arrangement includes a software license, the customer should account for the software license element of the arrangement consistent with the acquisition of other software licenses. If the cloud computing arrangement does not include a software license, the customer should account for the arrangement as a service contract. The Company adopted this new standard prospectively in the first quarter of fiscal year 2017. The adoption had no impact on the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements. In April 2015, the FASB issued a new accounting standard that requires that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the corresponding debt liability. In August 2015, the FASB clarified that for a line-of-credit arrangement, a company can continue to defer and present the debt issuance costs as an asset and subsequent amortization of debt issuance costs over the term of the line-of-credit arrangement, whether or not there are any outstanding borrowings on the line-of-credit arrangement. The Company adopted this new standard in the first quarter of fiscal year 2017, with retrospective effect. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements. Recently issued accounting pronouncements In June 2016, the FASB issued a new credit loss standard that replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology in current GAAP. The new impairment model requires immediate recognition of estimated credit losses expected to occur for most financial assets and certain other instruments. It is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019 and interim periods within those annual periods. Early adoption for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 is permitted. Entities will apply the standard’s provisions as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first effective reporting period. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the new guidance. In March 2016, the FASB issued guidance which changes the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. The guidance is effective for the Company in the first fiscal quarter of 2018. Had the Company adopted this guidance during the fiscal year ended November 30, 2017, income tax expense would be lower by $5,546 for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2017, and net income would be higher by approximately the same amount. The tax impact is included in additional paid-in capital for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2017. Cash provided by operating activities during the fiscal year ended November 30, 2017 would have been higher by $5,546 . In February 2016, the FASB issued a new standard which revises various aspects of accounting for leases. The most significant impact to the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements relates to the recognition by a lessee of a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for virtually all of its leases other than short-term leases. The liability will be equal to the present value of lease payments. The asset will be based on the liability, subject to adjustment, such as for initial direct costs. Consistent with current guidance, the recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessee primarily will depend on its classification. For income statement purposes, operating leases will result in a straight line expense while finance leases will result in a front-loaded expense pattern. This accounting standard will be applicable to the Company at the beginning of its first quarter of fiscal year 2020 using a modified retrospective approach and early adoption is permitted. The Company expects that most of its operating lease commitments will be subject to the new standard and recognized as operating lease liabilities and right-of-use assets upon adoption and is currently evaluating the impact on its Consolidated Financial Statements upon the adoption of this new standard. In January 2016, the FASB issued new guidance which amends various aspects of the recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of financial instruments. With respect to the Company’s consolidated financial statements, the most significant impact relates to the accounting for equity investments (other than those that are consolidated or accounted under the equity method) which will be measured at fair value through earnings. The new guidance is effective for annual reporting periods, and interim periods within those years beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted only for certain provisions. The amendments should be applied by means of a cumulative-effect adjustment to the balance sheet as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption, with other amendments related specifically to equity securities without readily determinable fair values applied prospectively. The Company does not expect the adoption of this standard to have a material impact on its Consolidated Financial Statements. In May 2014, the FASB issued a comprehensive new revenue recognition standard for contracts with customers that will supersede most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. The core principle of this standard is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To achieve this core principle, the standard provides a five-step analysis of transactions to determine when and how revenue is recognized. Other major provisions include the capitalization and amortization of certain contract costs, ensuring the time value of money is considered in the transaction price, and allowing estimates of variable consideration to be recognized before contingencies are resolved in certain circumstances. This guidance also requires enhanced disclosures regarding the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from an entity’s contracts with customers. In August 2015, the FASB amended this accounting standard and postponed the implementation date to fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2017. Early application for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2016 is permitted. The standard permits the use of either the retrospective or cumulative effect transition method. This accounting standard will be applicable to the Company at the beginning of its first quarter of fiscal year 2019. The Company has established an implementation team and engaged external advisers to assess the Company’s business and contracts. The Company is in the process of determining the transition method and evaluating the impact of several aspects of the standard including principal versus agent considerations, identification of performance obligations and the determination of when control of goods and services transfers to the Company’s customers. |