Stockholders' Equity | 9. Stockholders’ Equity Authorized, Issued, and Outstanding Common Stock The Company’s authorized common stock has a par value of $ 0.001 per share and consists of 150,000,000 shares as of June 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022; 37,175,665 and 32,682,342 shares were issued and outstanding at June 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, 3,787,400 and 4,150,400 of the prefunded warrants from the April 2022 public offering were exercised for total proceeds of $ 3,787 and $ 4,150 , respectively. The following table summarizes common stock share activity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 (dollars in thousands): Three Months Ended June 30, 2023 Shares of Common Additional Accumulated Total Balance, March 31, 2023 33,327,627 $ 36 $ 426,214 $ ( 456,164 ) $ ( 29,914 ) Net income — — — 122,260 122,260 Stock-based compensation expense — — 728 — 728 Common stock issued, net of expenses 3,787,400 4 — — 4 Common stock issued for vested restricted stock units 60,638 — — — — Balance, June 30, 2023 37,175,665 $ 40 $ 426,942 $ ( 333,904 ) $ 93,078 Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 Shares of Common Additional Accumulated Total Balance, March 31, 2022 29,221,158 $ 32 $ 403,825 $ ( 364,930 ) $ 38,927 Net loss — — — ( 13,345 ) ( 13,345 ) Stock-based compensation expense — — 1,100 — 1,100 Common stock issued, net of expenses 3,358,333 4 18,794 — 18,798 Common stock issued for vested restricted stock units 16,912 — — — — Balance, June 30, 2022 32,596,403 $ 36 $ 423,719 $ ( 378,275 ) $ 45,480 Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 Shares of Common Additional Accumulated Total Balance, December 31, 2022 32,682,342 $ 36 $ 425,485 $ ( 422,288 ) $ 3,233 Net income — — — 88,384 88,384 Stock-based compensation expense — — 1,435 — 1,435 Common stock issued through employee stock purchase plan 2,662 — 4 — 4 Common stock issued, net of expenses 4,150,400 4 — — 4 Common stock issued for vested restricted stock units 340,261 — 18 — 18 Balance, June 30, 2023 37,175,665 $ 40 $ 426,942 $ ( 333,904 ) $ 93,078 Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 Shares of Common Additional Accumulated Total Balance, December 31, 2021 28,705,334 $ 32 $ 400,705 $ ( 359,479 ) $ 41,258 Net loss — — — ( 18,796 ) ( 18,796 ) Stock-based compensation expense — — 2,022 — 2,022 Common stock issued through employee stock purchase plan 3,120 — 10 — 10 Common stock issued, net of expenses 3,845,943 4 20,911 — 20,915 Common stock issued for vested restricted stock units 42,006 — — — — Vested Loan Agreement warrants — — 71 — 71 Balance, June 30, 2022 32,596,403 $ 36 $ 423,719 $ ( 378,275 ) $ 45,480 Shares Reserved for Future Issuance The Company had reserved shares of common stock for future issuance as follows: June 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Outstanding stock options 1,970,536 1,740,308 Outstanding restricted stock units 2,194,251 633,270 Warrants to purchase common stock associated with March 2018 public offering – Series 2 — 798,810 Warrants to purchase common stock associated with December 2020 public offering - Series 2 6,800,000 6,800,000 Prefunded warrants to purchase common stock associated with December 2020 public offering 3,200,000 3,200,000 Warrants to purchase common stock associated with April 2022 Public Offering 15,000,000 15,000,000 Prefunded warrants to purchase common stock associated with April 2022 Public Offering 7,516,267 11,666,667 Warrants to purchase common stock associated with Loan Agreement 198,811 198,811 Warrant to purchase common stock associated with Danforth 50,000 50,000 For possible future issuance for the conversion of the March 2019 Notes 1,138,200 1,138,200 For possible future issuance under 2014 Plan (Note 10) 504,074 712,020 For possible future issuance under employee stock purchase plan 279 — For possible future issuance under 2015 Plan (Note 10) 572,975 550,964 Total common shares reserved for future issuance 39,145,393 42,489,050 April 2022 Public Offering On April 22, 2022, the Company entered into an Equity Underwriting Agreement with Guggenheim Securities, LLC, as representative of the several underwriters, relating to the offering, issuance and sale (the “April 2022 Public Offering”) of (a) 3,333,333 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $ 0.001 per share, (b) pre-funded warrants, in lieu of common stock, to purchase 11,666,667 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $ 0.001 per share, and (c) warrants, which accompany the common stock or pre-funded warrants, to purchase up to an aggregate of 15,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock. The price to the public in the April 2022 Public Offering was $ 3.00 per share of common stock and accompanying warrants, or in the case of pre-funded warrants, $ 2.999 per pre-funded warrant and accompanying warrants, which resulted in $ 41.8 million of net proceeds to the Company after deducting the underwriting discount and offering expenses. The prefunded warrants are classified as equity in accordance with ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging , given the prefunded warrants are indexed to the Company’s own shares of common stock and meet the requirements to be classified in equity. The prefunded warrants were recorded at their relative fair value at issuance in the stockholders’ equity section of the balance sheet and the prefunded warrants are considered outstanding shares in the basic earnings per share calculation for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022. Common Stock Purchase Agreement and Sales Agreements On April 10, 2020, the Company entered into the Common Stock Purchase Agreement with Aspire Capital (the “Common Stock Purchase Agreement”) pursuant to which the Company had the right to sell to Aspire Capital from time to time in its sole discretion up to $ 20.0 million in shares of the Company’s common stock, subject to certain limitations and conditions set forth in the Common Stock Purchase Agreement. The Common Stock Purchase Agreement expired in October 2022. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company sold zero and 375,000 shares of its common stock and received net proceeds of zero and $ 1.5 million under the Company's Common Stock Purchase Agreement, respectively. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company sold zero shares of its common stock under the Controlled Equity Offering SM Sales Agreements with Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. and Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc. (the “Sales Agreements”). During the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company sold zero and 137,610 shares of its common stock and received net proceeds of zero and $ 0.7 million under the Company's Sales Agreements, respectively. Warrants Associated with the March 2018, December 2020, and April 2022 Public Offerings The outstanding warrants associated with the March 2018 and December 2020 public offerings contain a provision where the warrant holder has the option to receive cash, equal to the Black-Scholes fair value of the remaining unexercised portion of the warrant, as cash settlement in the event that there is a fundamental transaction (contractually defined to include various merger, acquisition or stock transfer activities). Due to this provision, ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity, requires that these warrants be classified as liabilities. The fair values of these warrants have been determined using the Black-Scholes valuation model, and the changes in the fair value are recorded in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. The outstanding warrants associated with the April 2022 public offering meet the definition of a derivative pursuant to ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging , and do not meet the derivative scope exception given the warrants do not qualify under the indexation guidance. As a result, the April 2022 public offering warrants were initially recognized as liabilities and measured at fair value using the Black-Scholes valuation model. For the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized gains of $ 8.2 million and $ 9.7 million , respectively, and for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, recognized a loss of $ 13.5 million and a gain of $ 19.7 million, respectively, on the warrant liabilities fair value adjustment. As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the fair value of the warrant liabilities was $ 32.1 million and $ 18.6 million, respectively. |