Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses | Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses Loans receivable at December 31, 2017 and 2016 are summarized as follows (in thousands): 2017 2016 Mortgage loans: Residential $ 1,142,347 1,211,672 Commercial 2,171,056 1,978,569 Multi-family 1,403,885 1,402,054 Construction 392,580 264,814 Total mortgage loans 5,109,868 4,857,109 Commercial loans 1,745,138 1,630,444 Consumer loans 473,957 516,755 Total gross loans 7,328,963 7,004,308 Purchased credit-impaired ("PCI") loans 969 1,272 Premiums on purchased loans 4,029 4,968 Unearned discounts (36 ) (39 ) Net deferred fees (8,207 ) (7,023 ) Total loans $ 7,325,718 7,003,486 Premiums and discounts on purchased loans are amortized over the lives of the loans as an adjustment to yield. Required reductions due to loan prepayments are charged against interest income. For the years ended December 31, 2017 , 2016 and 2015 , $1.0 million , $1.3 million and $1.1 million decreased interest income, respectively, as a result of prepayments and normal amortization. The following table summarizes the aging of loans receivable by portfolio segment and class of loans, excluding PCI loans (in thousands): At December 31, 2017 30-59 Days 60-89 Days Non-accrual 90 days or more past due and accruing Total Past Due Current Total Loans Receivable Mortgage loans: Residential $ 7,809 4,325 8,105 — 20,239 1,122,108 1,142,347 Commercial 1,486 — 7,090 — 8,576 2,162,480 2,171,056 Multi-family — — — — — 1,403,885 1,403,885 Construction — — — — — 392,580 392,580 Total mortgage loans 9,295 4,325 15,195 — 28,815 5,081,053 5,109,868 Commercial loans 551 406 17,243 — 18,200 1,726,938 1,745,138 Consumer loans 2,465 487 2,491 — 5,443 468,514 473,957 Total gross loans $ 12,311 5,218 34,929 — 52,458 7,276,505 7,328,963 At December 31, 2016 30-59 Days 60-89 Days Non-accrual 90 days or more past due and Total Past Due Current Total Loans Receivable Mortgage loans: Residential $ 5,891 6,563 12,021 — 24,475 1,187,197 1,211,672 Commercial — 80 7,493 — 7,573 1,970,996 1,978,569 Multi-family — — 553 — 553 1,401,501 1,402,054 Construction — — 2,517 — 2,517 262,297 264,814 Total mortgage loans 5,891 6,643 22,584 — 35,118 4,821,991 4,857,109 Commercial loans 1,656 357 16,787 — 18,800 1,611,644 1,630,444 Consumer loans 2,561 1,199 3,030 — 6,790 509,965 516,755 Total gross loans $ 10,108 8,199 42,401 — 60,708 6,943,600 7,004,308 Included in loans receivable are loans for which the accrual of interest income has been discontinued due to deterioration in the financial condition of the borrowers. The principal amount of these nonaccrual loans was $34.9 million and $42.4 million at December 31, 2017 and 2016 , respectively. There were no loans ninety days or greater past due and still accruing interest at December 31, 2017 and 2016 . If the non-accrual loans had performed in accordance with their original terms, interest income would have increased by $1.9 million , $2.2 million and $1.2 million , for the years ended December 31, 2017 , 2016 and 2015 , respectively. The amount of cash basis interest income that was recognized on impaired loans during the years ended December 31, 2017 , 2016 and 2015 was $1.8 million , $1.5 million and $1.9 million respectively. The Company defines an impaired loan as a non-homogeneous loan greater than $1.0 million for which it is probable, based on current information, that the Bank will not collect all amounts due under the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Impaired loans also include all loans modified as troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”). A loan is deemed to be a TDR when a loan modification resulting in a concession is made by the Bank in an effort to mitigate potential loss arising from a borrower’s financial difficulty. Smaller balance homogeneous loans including residential mortgages and other consumer loans are evaluated collectively for impairment and are excluded from the definition of impaired loans, unless modified as TDRs. The Company separately calculates the reserve for loan loss on impaired loans. The Company may recognize impairment of a loan based upon: (1) the present value of expected cash flows discounted at the effective interest rate; or (2) if a loan is collateral dependent, the fair value of collateral; or (3) the market price of the loan. Additionally, if impaired loans have risk characteristics in common, those loans may be aggregated and historical statistics may be used as a means of measuring those impaired loans. The Company uses third-party appraisals to determine the fair value of the underlying collateral in its analysis of collateral dependent impaired loans. A third-party appraisal is generally ordered as soon as a loan is designated as a collateral dependent impaired loan and updated annually, or more frequently if required. A specific allocation of the allowance for loan losses is established for each impaired loan with a carrying balance greater than the collateral’s fair value, less estimated costs to sell. Charge-offs are generally taken for the amount of the specific allocation when operations associated with the respective property cease and it is determined that collection of amounts due will be derived primarily from the disposition of the collateral. At each fiscal quarter end, if a loan is designated as a collateral dependent impaired loan and the third party appraisal has not yet been received, an evaluation of all available collateral is made using the best information available at the time, including rent rolls, borrower financial statements and tax returns, prior appraisals, management’s knowledge of the market and collateral, and internally prepared collateral valuations based upon market assumptions regarding vacancy and capitalization rates, each as and where applicable. Once the appraisal is received and reviewed, the specific reserves are adjusted to reflect the appraised value. The Company believes there have been no significant time lapses as a result of this process. At December 31, 2017 , there were 149 impaired loans totaling $52.0 million , of which 141 loans totaling $41.7 million were TDRs. Included in this total were 125 TDRs related to 121 borrowers totaling $31.7 million that were performing in accordance with their restructured terms and which continued to accrue interest at December 31, 2017 . At December 31, 2016 , there were 141 impaired loans totaling $52.0 million , of which 136 loans totaling $41.6 million were TDRs. Included in this total were 114 TDRs related to 110 borrowers totaling $29.9 million that were performing in accordance with their restructured terms and which continued to accrue interest at December 31, 2016 . Loans receivable summarized by portfolio segment and impairment method, excluding PCI loans are as follows (in thousands): At December 31, 2017 Mortgage loans Commercial loans Consumer loans Total Portfolio Segments Individually evaluated for impairment $ 28,459 21,223 2,359 52,041 Collectively evaluated for impairment 5,081,409 1,723,915 471,598 7,276,922 Total gross loans $ 5,109,868 1,745,138 473,957 7,328,963 At December 31, 2016 Mortgage loans Commercial loans Consumer loans Total Portfolio Segments Individually evaluated for impairment $ 29,551 20,255 2,213 52,019 Collectively evaluated for impairment 4,827,558 1,610,189 514,542 6,952,289 Total gross loans $ 4,857,109 1,630,444 516,755 7,004,308 The allowance for loan losses is summarized by portfolio segment and impairment classification, excluding PCI loans as follows (in thousands): At December 31, 2017 Mortgage loans Commercial loans Consumer loans Total Portfolio Segments Unallocated Total Individually evaluated for impairment $ 1,486 1,134 70 2,690 — 2,690 Collectively evaluated for impairment 26,566 28,680 2,259 57,505 — 57,505 Total $ 28,052 29,814 2,329 60,195 — 60,195 At December 31, 2016 Mortgage loans Commercial loans Consumer loans Total Portfolio Segments Unallocated Total Individually evaluated for impairment $ 1,986 268 80 2,334 — 2,334 Collectively evaluated for impairment 27,640 28,875 3,034 59,549 — 59,549 Total $ 29,626 29,143 3,114 61,883 — 61,883 Loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties that are considered TDRs primarily involve lowering the monthly payments on such loans through either a reduction in interest rate below a market rate, an extension of the term of the loan without a corresponding adjustment to the risk premium reflected in the interest rate, or a combination of these two methods. These modifications generally do not result in the forgiveness of principal or accrued interest. In addition, the Company attempts to obtain additional collateral or guarantor support when modifying such loans. If the borrower has demonstrated performance under the previous terms and our underwriting process shows the borrower has the capacity to continue to perform under the restructured terms, the loan will continue to accrue interest. Non-accruing restructured loans may be returned to accrual status when there has been a sustained period of repayment performance (generally six consecutive months of payments) and both principal and interest are deemed collectible. The following tables present the number of loans modified as TDRs during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 and their balances immediately prior to the modification date and post-modification as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 . Year Ended December 31, 2017 Troubled Debt Restructurings Number of Loans Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment ($ in thousands) Mortgage loans: Residential 5 $ 2,468 2,260 Total mortgage loans 5 $ 2,468 2,260 Commercial loans 1 874 874 Consumer loans 2 262 257 Total restructured loans 8 $ 3,604 3,391 Year Ended December 31, 2016 Troubled Debt Restructurings Number of Loans Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment ($ in thousands) Commercial loans 1 $ 1,300 1,300 Total restructured loans 1 $ 1,300 1,300 All TDRs are impaired loans, which are individually evaluated for impairment, as previously discussed. Estimated collateral values of collateral dependent impaired loans modified during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 exceeded the carrying amounts of such loans. During the year ended December 31, 2017 , there were $5.1 million of charge-offs recorded on collateral dependent impaired loans. There were no charge-offs recorded on collateral dependent impaired loans for the same period last year. The allowance for loan losses associated with the TDRs presented in the preceding tables totaled $166,000 and $187,000 at December 31, 2017 and 2016 , respectively and were included in the allowance for loan losses for loans individually evaluated for impairment. The TDRs presented in the preceding tables had a weighted average modified interest rate of approximately 4.18% and 5.25% , compared to a yield of 4.19% and 4.25% prior to modification for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 , respectively. There were no loans modified as TDRs within the previous 12 months from both December 31, 2017 and 2016 , which had a payment default (90 days or more past due) during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 . TDRs that subsequently default are considered collateral dependent impaired loans and are evaluated for impairment based on the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral less expected selling costs. PCI loans are loans acquired at a discount primarily due to deteriorated credit quality. These loans are accounted for at fair value, based upon the present value of expected future cash flows, with no related allowance for loan losses. At December 31, 2017 , PCI loans totaled $1.0 million , compared to $1.3 million at December 31, 2016 . The $303,000 decrease from December 31, 2016 was largely due to the full repayment and greater than projected cash flows on certain PCI loans. The following table summarizes the changes in the accretable yield for PCI loans for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands): Year ended December 31, 2017 2016 Beginning balance $ 200 676 Acquisition — — Accretion (320 ) (1,417 ) Reclassification from non-accretable difference 221 941 Ending balance $ 101 200 The activity in the allowance for loan losses for the years ended December 31, 2017 , 2016 and 2015 is as follows (in thousands): Years Ended December 31, 2017 2016 2015 Balance at beginning of period $ 61,883 61,424 61,734 Provision charged to operations 5,600 5,400 4,350 Recoveries of loans previously charged off 1,653 2,009 4,168 Loans charged off (8,941 ) (6,950 ) (8,828 ) Balance at end of period $ 60,195 61,883 61,424 The activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 are as follows (in thousands): For the Year Ended December 31, 2017 Mortgage loans Commercial loans Consumer loans Total Portfolio Segments Unallocated Total Balance at beginning of period $ 29,626 29,143 3,114 61,883 — 61,883 Provision charged to operations (1,139 ) 7,058 (319 ) 5,600 — 5,600 Recoveries of loans previously charged off 66 800 787 1,653 — 1,653 Loans charged off (501 ) (7,187 ) (1,253 ) (8,941 ) — (8,941 ) Balance at end of period $ 28,052 29,814 2,329 60,195 — 60,195 For the Year Ended December 31, 2016 Mortgage loans Commercial loans Consumer loans Total Portfolio Segments Unallocated Total Balance at beginning of period $ 32,094 25,829 3,501 61,424 — 61,424 Provision charged to operations (2,028 ) 7,606 (178 ) 5,400 — 5,400 Recoveries of loans previously charged off 628 570 811 2,009 — 2,009 Loans charged off (1,068 ) (4,862 ) (1,020 ) (6,950 ) — (6,950 ) Balance at end of period $ 29,626 29,143 3,114 61,883 — 61,883 Impaired loans receivable by class, excluding PCI loans are summarized as follows (in thousands): At December 31, 2017 At December 31, 2016 Unpaid Principal Balance Recorded Investment Related Allowance Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Unpaid Principal Balance Recorded Investment Related Allowance Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Loans with no related allowance Mortgage loans: Residential $ 13,239 10,477 — 10,552 479 $ 10,691 7,881 — 8,027 484 Commercial 5,037 4,908 — 5,022 12 1,556 1,556 — 1,586 40 Multi-family — — — — — — — — — — Construction — — — — — 2,553 2,517 — 2,514 — Total 18,276 15,385 — 15,574 491 14,800 11,954 — 12,127 524 Commercial loans 19,196 14,984 — 15,428 395 21,830 18,874 — 13,818 259 Consumer loans 1,582 1,041 — 1,150 69 1,493 981 — 1,026 59 Total loans $ 39,054 31,410 — 32,152 955 $ 38,123 31,809 — 26,971 842 Loans with an allow-ance recorded Mortgage loans: Residential $ 13,052 12,010 1,351 12,150 475 $ 14,169 13,520 1,716 13,705 519 Commercial 1,064 1,064 135 1,076 54 4,138 4,077 270 4,111 55 Multi-family — — — — — — — — — — Construction — — — — — — — — — — Total 14,116 13,074 1,486 13,226 529 18,307 17,597 1,986 17,816 574 Commercial loans 7,097 6,239 1,134 7,318 208 1,381 1,381 268 5,956 4 Consumer loans 1,329 1,318 70 1,349 64 1,242 1,232 80 1,259 66 Total loans $ 22,542 20,631 2,690 21,893 801 $ 20,930 20,210 2,334 25,031 644 Total Mortgage loans: Residential $ 26,291 22,487 1,351 22,702 954 $ 24,860 21,401 1,716 21,732 1,003 Commercial 6,101 5,972 135 6,098 66 5,694 5,633 270 5,697 95 Multi-family — — — — — — — — — — Construction — — — — — 2,553 2,517 — 2,514 — Total 32,392 28,459 1,486 28,800 1,020 33,107 29,551 1,986 29,943 1,098 Commercial loans 26,293 21,223 1,134 22,746 603 23,211 20,255 268 19,774 263 Consumer loans 2,911 2,359 70 2,499 133 2,735 2,213 80 2,285 125 Total loans $ 61,596 52,041 2,690 54,045 1,756 $ 59,053 52,019 2,334 52,002 1,486 At December 31, 2017 , impaired loans consisted of 149 residential, commercial and commercial mortgage loans totaling $52.0 million , of which 24 loans totaling $20.3 million were included in nonaccrual loans. At December 31, 2016 , impaired loans consisted of 141 residential, commercial and commercial mortgage loans totaling $52.0 million , of which 27 loans totaling $22.1 million were included in nonaccrual loans. Specific allocations of the allowance for loan losses attributable to impaired loans totaled $2.7 million and $2.3 million at December 31, 2017 and 2016 , respectively. At December 31, 2017 and 2016 , impaired loans for which there was no related allowance for loan losses totaled $31.4 million and $31.8 million , respectively. The average balances of impaired loans during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 were $54.0 million and $52.0 million , respectively. In the normal course of conducting its business, the Bank extends credit to meet the financing needs of its customers through commitments. Commitments and contingent liabilities, such as commitments to extend credit (including loan commitments of $1.71 billion and $1.55 billion , at December 31, 2017 and 2016 , respectively, and undisbursed home equity and personal credit lines of $270.9 million and $279.8 million , at December 31, 2017 and 2016 , respectively) exist, which are not reflected in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. These instruments involve elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated financial statements. The Bank uses the same credit policies and collateral requirements in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance sheet loans. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since the commitments may expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Bank evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Bank upon extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the borrower. The Bank grants residential real estate loans on single- and multi-family dwellings to borrowers primarily in New Jersey. Its borrowers’ abilities to repay their obligations are dependent upon various factors, including the borrowers’ income and net worth, cash flows generated by the underlying collateral, value of the underlying collateral, and priority of the Bank’s lien on the property. Such factors are dependent upon various economic conditions and individual circumstances beyond the Bank’s control; the Bank is therefore subject to risk of loss. The Bank believes that its lending policies and procedures adequately minimize the potential exposure to such risks and that adequate provisions for loan losses are provided for all known and inherent risks. Collateral and/or guarantees are required for virtually all loans. The Company utilizes an internal nine-point risk rating system to summarize its loan portfolio into categories with similar risk characteristics. Loans deemed to be “acceptable quality” are rated 1 through 4, with a rating of 1 established for loans with minimal risk. Loans that are deemed to be of “questionable quality” are rated 5 (watch) or 6 (special mention). Loans with adverse classifications (substandard, doubtful or loss) are rated 7, 8 or 9, respectively. Commercial mortgage, commercial, multi-family and construction loans are rated individually, and each lending officer is responsible for risk rating loans in their portfolio. These risk ratings are then reviewed by the department manager and/or the Chief Lending Officer and by the Credit Department. The risk ratings are also confirmed through periodic loan review examinations, which are currently performed by an independent third-party. Reports by the independent third-party are presented directly to the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors. Loans receivable by credit quality risk rating indicator, excluding PCI loans are as follows (in thousands): At December 31, 2017 Residential Commercial mortgages Multi- family Construction Total mortgages Commercial loans Consumer loans Total loans Special mention $ 4,325 19,172 15 — 23,512 20,738 486 44,736 Substandard 8,105 25,069 — — 33,174 29,734 2,491 65,399 Doubtful — — — — — 428 — 428 Loss — — — — — — — — Total classified and criticized 12,430 44,241 15 — 56,686 50,900 2,977 110,563 Acceptable/watch 1,129,917 2,126,815 1,403,870 392,580 5,053,182 1,694,238 470,980 7,218,400 Total outstanding loans $ 1,142,347 2,171,056 1,403,885 392,580 5,109,868 1,745,138 473,957 7,328,963 At December 31, 2016 Residential Commercial mortgages Multi- family Construction Total mortgages Commercial loans Consumer loans Total loans Special mention $ 6,563 25,329 563 — 32,455 14,840 1,242 48,537 Substandard 12,021 23,011 553 2,517 38,102 47,255 2,940 88,297 Doubtful — — — — — — — Loss — — — — — — — — Total classified and criticized 18,584 48,340 1,116 2,517 70,557 62,095 4,182 136,834 Acceptable/watch 1,193,088 1,930,229 1,400,938 262,297 4,786,552 1,568,349 512,573 6,867,474 Total outstanding loans $ 1,211,672 1,978,569 1,402,054 264,814 4,857,109 1,630,444 516,755 7,004,308 |