Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses | Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses Loans receivable at December 31, 2019 and 2018 are summarized as follows (in thousands): 2019 2018 Mortgage loans: Residential $ 1,077,689 1,099,464 Commercial 2,578,393 2,299,313 Multi-family 1,225,551 1,339,677 Construction 429,812 388,999 Total mortgage loans 5,311,445 5,127,453 Commercial loans 1,634,759 1,695,021 Consumer loans 391,360 431,428 Total gross loans 7,337,564 7,253,902 Purchased credit-impaired ("PCI") loans 746 899 Premiums on purchased loans 2,474 3,243 Unearned discounts (26) (33) Net deferred fees (7,873) (7,423) Total loans $ 7,332,885 7,250,588 Premiums and discounts on purchased loans are amortized over the lives of the loans as an adjustment to yield. Required reductions due to loan prepayments are charged against interest income. For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, $845,000, $894,000 and $1.0 million decreased interest income, respectively, as a result of prepayments and normal amortization. The following tables summarize the aging of loans receivable by portfolio segment and class of loans, excluding PCI loans (in thousands): At December 31, 2019 30-59 Days 60-89 Days Non-accrual 90 days or more past due and accruing Total Past Due Current Total Loans Receivable Mortgage loans: Residential $ 5,905 2,579 8,543 — 17,027 1,060,662 1,077,689 Commercial — — 5,270 — 5,270 2,573,123 2,578,393 Multi-family — — — — — 1,225,551 1,225,551 Construction — — — — — 429,812 429,812 Total mortgage loans 5,905 2,579 13,813 — 22,297 5,289,148 5,311,445 Commercial loans 2,383 95 25,160 — 27,638 1,607,121 1,634,759 Consumer loans 1,276 337 1,221 — 2,834 388,526 391,360 Total gross loans $ 9,564 3,011 40,194 — 52,769 7,284,795 7,337,564 At December 31, 2018 30-59 Days 60-89 Days Non-accrual 90 days or more past due and Total Past Due Current Total Loans Receivable Mortgage loans: Residential $ 4,188 5,557 5,853 — 15,598 1,083,866 1,099,464 Commercial — — 3,180 — 3,180 2,296,133 2,299,313 Multi-family — — — — — 1,339,677 1,339,677 Construction — — — — — 388,999 388,999 Total mortgage loans 4,188 5,557 9,033 — 18,778 5,108,675 5,127,453 Commercial loans 425 13565 15,391 — 29,381 1,665,640 1,695,021 Consumer loans 1,238 610 1,266 — 3,114 428,314 431,428 Total gross loans $ 5,851 19,732 25,690 — 51,273 7,202,629 7,253,902 Included in loans receivable are loans for which the accrual of interest income has been discontinued due to deterioration in the financial condition of the borrowers. The principal amount of these nonaccrual loans was $40.2 million and $25.7 million at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. There were no loans ninety days or greater past due and still accruing interest at December 31, 2019 and 2018. If the non-accrual loans had performed in accordance with their original terms, interest income would have increased by $1.7 million, $1.4 million and $1.9 million, for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The amount of cash basis interest income that was recognized on impaired loans during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 was $2.1 million, $2.0 million and $1.8 million respectively. The Company defines an impaired loan as a non-homogeneous loan greater than $1.0 million for which it is probable, based on current information, that the Bank will not collect all amounts due under the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Impaired loans also include all loans modified as troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”). A loan is deemed to be a TDR when a loan modification resulting in a concession is made by the Bank in an effort to mitigate potential loss arising from a borrower’s financial difficulty. Smaller balance homogeneous loans including residential mortgages and other consumer loans are evaluated collectively for impairment and are excluded from the definition of impaired loans, unless modified as TDRs. The Company separately calculates the reserve for loan loss on impaired loans. The Company may recognize impairment of a loan based upon: (1) the present value of expected cash flows discounted at the effective interest rate; or (2) if a loan is collateral dependent, the fair value of collateral; or (3) the market price of the loan. Additionally, if impaired loans have risk characteristics in common, those loans may be aggregated and historical statistics may be used as a means of measuring those impaired loans. The Company uses third-party appraisals to determine the fair value of the underlying collateral in its analysis of collateral dependent impaired loans. A third-party appraisal is generally ordered as soon as a loan is designated as a collateral dependent impaired loan and updated annually, or more frequently if required. A specific allocation of the allowance for loan losses is established for each impaired loan with a carrying balance greater than the collateral’s fair value, less estimated costs to sell. Charge-offs are generally taken for the amount of the specific allocation when operations associated with the respective property cease and it is determined that collection of amounts due will be derived primarily from the disposition of the collateral. At each fiscal quarter end, if a loan is designated as a collateral dependent impaired loan and the third-party appraisal has not yet been received, an evaluation of all available collateral is made using the best information available at the time, including rent rolls, borrower financial statements and tax returns, prior appraisals, management’s knowledge of the market and collateral, and internally prepared collateral valuations based upon market assumptions regarding vacancy and capitalization rates, each as and where applicable. Once the appraisal is received and reviewed, the specific reserves are adjusted to reflect the appraised value. The Company believes there have been no significant time lapses as a result of this process. At December 31, 2019, there were 158 impaired loans totaling $70.6 million, of which 147 loans totaling $48.3 million were TDRs. Included in this total were 133 TDRs related to 128 borrowers totaling $42.7 million that were performing in accordance with their restructured terms and which continued to accrue interest at December 31, 2019. At December 31, 2018, there were 152 impaired loans totaling $50.7 million, of which 148 loans totaling $46.8 million were TDRs. Included in this total were 129 TDRs related to 124 borrowers totaling $35.6 million that were performing in accordance with their restructured terms and which continued to accrue interest at December 31, 2018. Loans receivable summarized by portfolio segment and impairment method, excluding PCI loans are as follows (in thousands): At December 31, 2019 Mortgage loans Commercial loans Consumer loans Total Portfolio Segments Individually evaluated for impairment $ 39,910 28,357 2,374 70,641 Collectively evaluated for impairment 5,271,535 1,606,402 388,986 7,266,923 Total gross loans $ 5,311,445 1,634,759 391,360 7,337,564 At December 31, 2018 Mortgage loans Commercial loans Consumer loans Total Portfolio Segments Individually evaluated for impairment $ 24,680 23,747 2,257 50,684 Collectively evaluated for impairment 5,102,773 1,671,274 429,171 7,203,218 Total gross loans $ 5,127,453 1,695,021 431,428 7,253,902 The allowance for loan losses is summarized by portfolio segment and impairment classification, excluding PCI loans as follows (in thousands): At December 31, 2019 Mortgage loans Commercial loans Consumer loans Total Portfolio Segments Individually evaluated for impairment $ 1,580 3,462 25 5,067 Collectively evaluated for impairment 23,931 24,801 1,726 50,458 Total allowance for loan losses $ 25,511 28,263 1,751 55,525 At December 31, 2018 Mortgage loans Commercial loans Consumer loans Total Portfolio Segments Individually evaluated for impairment $ 1,026 92 47 1,165 Collectively evaluated for impairment 26,652 25,601 2,144 54,397 Total allowance for loan losses $ 27,678 25,693 2,191 55,562 Loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties that are considered TDRs primarily involve lowering the monthly payments on such loans through either a reduction in interest rate below a market rate, an extension of the term of the loan without a corresponding adjustment to the risk premium reflected in the interest rate, or a combination of these two methods. These modifications generally do not result in the forgiveness of principal or accrued interest. In addition, the Company attempts to obtain additional collateral or guarantor support when modifying such loans. If the borrower has demonstrated performance under the previous terms and our underwriting process shows the borrower has the capacity to continue to perform under the restructured terms, the loan will continue to accrue interest. Non-accruing restructured loans may be returned to accrual status when there has been a sustained period of repayment performance (generally six consecutive months of payments) and both principal and interest are deemed collectible. The following tables present the number of loans modified as TDRs during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 and their balances immediately prior to the modification date and post-modification as of December 31, 2019 and 2018. Year Ended December 31, 2019 Troubled Debt Restructurings Number of Loans Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment ($ in thousands) Mortgage loans: Residential 3 $ 1,617 1,584 Commercial 1 14,010 14,010 Total mortgage loans 4 15,627 15,594 Commercial loans 6 1,996 1,888 Consumer loans 4 421 402 Total restructured loans 14 $ 18,044 17,884 Year Ended December 31, 2018 Troubled Debt Restructurings Number of Loans Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment ($ in thousands) Mortgage loans: Residential 6 $ 981 945 Total mortgage loans 6 981 945 Commercial loans 8 9,192 7,888 Consumer loans 1 336 332 Total restructured loans 15 $ 10,509 9,165 All TDRs are impaired loans, which are individually evaluated for impairment, as previously discussed. Estimated collateral values of collateral dependent impaired loans modified during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 exceeded the carrying amounts of such loans. During the year ended December 31, 2019, there were $11.6 million of charge-offs recorded on collateral dependent impaired loans. There were $8.3 million of charge-offs recorded on collateral dependent impaired loans for the year ended December 31, 2018. The allowance for loan losses associated with the TDRs presented in the preceding tables totaled $177,130 and $119,000 at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and were included in the allowance for loan losses for loans individually evaluated for impairment. The TDRs presented in the preceding tables had a weighted average modified interest rate of approximately 3.83% and 5.41%, compared to a yield of 3.82% and 5.46% prior to modification for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The following table presents loans modified as TDRs within the previous 12 months from December 31, 2019 and 2018, and for which there was a payment default (90 days or more past due) at the quarter ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 Troubled Debt Restructurings Subsequently Defaulted Number of Loans Outstanding Number of Loans Outstanding Recorded Investment ($ in thousands) ($ in thousands) Mortgage loans: Residential 1 $ 578 — $ — Total mortgage loans 1 578 — — Commercial Loans — — 3 1,344 Total restructured loans 1 $ 578 3 $ 1,344 There was one loan to one borrower which had a payment default (90 days or more past due) for loans modified as TDRs within the 12 month period ending December 31, 2019. There were three payment defaults (90 days or more past due) for loans modified as TDRs within the 12 month period ending December 31, 2018. TDRs that subsequently default are considered collateral dependent impaired loans and are evaluated for impairment based on the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral less expected selling costs. PCI loans are loans acquired at a discount primarily due to deteriorated credit quality. These loans are accounted for at fair value, based upon the present value of expected future cash flows, with no related allowance for loan losses. At December 31, 2019, PCI loans totaled $746,000, compared to $899,000 at December 31, 2018. The $153,000 decrease from December 31, 2018 was largely due to the full repayment and greater than projected cash flows on certain PCI loans. The activity in the allowance for loan losses for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 is as follows (in thousands): Years Ended December 31, 2019 2018 2017 Balance at beginning of period $ 55,562 60,195 61,883 Provision charged to operations 13,100 23,700 5,600 Recoveries of loans previously charged off 1,895 1,685 1,653 Loans charged off (15,032) (30,018) (8,941) Balance at end of period $ 55,525 55,562 60,195 The activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 are as follows (in thousands): For the Year Ended December 31, 2019 Mortgage loans Commercial loans Consumer loans Total Portfolio Segments Balance at beginning of period $ 27,678 25,693 2,191 55,562 Provision charged to operations (2,323) 15,928 (505) 13,100 Recoveries of loans previously charged off 422 665 808 1,895 Loans charged off (266) (14,023) (743) (15,032) Balance at end of period $ 25,511 28,263 1,751 55,525 For the Year Ended December 31, 2018 Mortgage loans Commercial loans Consumer loans Total Portfolio Segments Balance at beginning of period $ 28,052 29,814 2,329 60,195 Provision charged to operations (586) 24,437 (151) 23,700 Recoveries of loans previously charged off 489 428 768 1,685 Loans charged off (277) (28,986) (755) (30,018) Balance at end of period $ 27,678 25,693 2,191 55,562 Impaired loans receivable by class, excluding PCI loans are summarized as follows (in thousands): At December 31, 2019 At December 31, 2018 Unpaid Principal Balance Recorded Investment Related Allowance Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Unpaid Principal Balance Recorded Investment Related Allowance Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Loans with no related allowance Mortgage loans: Residential $ 13,478 10,739 — 10,910 533 $ 15,013 12,005 — 12,141 594 Commercial — — — — — 1,550 1,546 — 1,546 — Multi-family — — — — — — — — — — Construction — — — — — — — — — — Total 13,478 10,739 — 10,910 533 16,563 13,551 — 13,687 594 Commercial loans 3,927 3,696 — 4,015 17 21,746 16,254 — 17,083 328 Consumer loans 2,086 1,517 — 1,491 86 1,871 1,313 — 1,386 90 Total loans $ 19,491 15,952 — 16,416 636 $ 40,180 31,118 — 32,156 1,012 Loans with an allowance recorded Mortgage loans: Residential $ 10,860 10,326 829 10,454 428 $ 10,573 10,090 954 10,186 425 Commercial 18,845 18,845 751 18,862 569 1,039 1,039 72 1,052 53 Multi-family — — — — — — — — — — Construction — — — — — — — — — — Total 29,705 29,171 1,580 29,316 997 11,612 11,129 1,026 11,238 478 Commercial loans 27,762 24,661 3,462 27,527 444 7,493 7,493 92 9,512 435 Consumer loans 868 857 25 878 46 954 944 47 962 40 Total loans $ 58,335 54,689 5,067 57,721 1487 $ 20,059 19,566 1,165 21,712 953 Total Mortgage loans: Residential $ 24,338 21,065 829 21,364 961 $ 25,586 22,095 954 22,327 1,019 Commercial 18,845 18,845 751 18,862 569 2,589 2,585 72 2,598 53 Multi-family — — — — — — — — — — Construction — — — — — — — — — — Total 43,183 39,910 1,580 40,226 1,530 28,175 24,680 1,026 24,925 1,072 Commercial loans 31,689 28,357 3,462 31,542 461 29,239 23,747 92 26,595 763 Consumer loans 2,954 2,374 25 2,369 132 2,825 2,257 47 2,348 130 Total loans $ 77,826 70,641 5,067 74,137 2,123 $ 60,239 50,684 1,165 53,868 1,965 At December 31, 2019, impaired loans consisted of 158 residential, commercial and commercial mortgage loans totaling $70.6 million, of which 25 loans totaling $27.9 million were included in nonaccrual loans. At December 31, 2018, impaired loans consisted of 152 residential, commercial and commercial mortgage loans totaling $50.7 million, of which 23 loans totaling $15.1 million were included in nonaccrual loans. Specific allocations of the allowance for loan losses attributable to impaired loans totaled $5.1 million and $1.2 million at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, impaired loans for which there was no related allowance for loan losses totaled $16.0 million and $31.1 million, respectively. The average balances of impaired loans during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 were $74.1 million and $53.9 million, respectively. In the normal course of conducting its business, the Bank extends credit to meet the financing needs of its customers through commitments. Commitments and contingent liabilities, such as commitments to extend credit (including loan commitments of $1.26 billion, at both December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and undisbursed home equity and personal credit lines of $212.4 million and $233.9 million, at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, are not reflected in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. These instruments involve elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated financial statements. The Bank uses the same credit policies and collateral requirements in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance sheet loans. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since the commitments may expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Bank evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Bank upon extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the borrower. The Bank grants residential real estate loans on single- and multi-family dwellings to borrowers primarily in New Jersey. Its borrowers’ abilities to repay their obligations are dependent upon various factors, including the borrowers’ income and net worth, cash flows generated by the underlying collateral, value of the underlying collateral, and priority of the Bank’s lien on the property. Such factors are dependent upon various economic conditions and individual circumstances beyond the Bank’s control; the Bank is therefore subject to risk of loss. The Bank believes that its lending policies and procedures adequately minimize the potential exposure to such risks and that adequate provisions for loan losses are provided for all known and inherent risks. Collateral and/or guarantees are required for virtually all loans. Management utilizes an internal nine-point risk rating system to summarize its loan portfolio into categories with similar risk characteristics. Loans deemed to be “acceptable quality” are rated 1 through 4, with a rating of 1 established for loans with minimal risk. Loans that are deemed to be of “questionable quality” are rated 5 (watch) or 6 (special mention). Loans with adverse classifications (substandard, doubtful or loss) are rated 7, 8 or 9, respectively. Commercial mortgage, commercial, multi-family and construction loans are rated individually, and each lending officer is responsible for risk rating loans in their portfolio. These risk ratings are then reviewed by the department manager and/or the Chief Lending Officer and by the Credit Department. The risk ratings are also confirmed through periodic loan review examinations which are currently performed by an independent third-party. Reports by the independent third-party are presented directly to the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors. Loans receivable by credit quality risk rating indicator, excluding PCI loans are as follows (in thousands): At December 31, 2019 Residential Commercial mortgages Multi- family Construction Total mortgages Commercial loans Consumer loans Total loans Special mention $ 2,402 46,758 — — 49,160 79,248 286 128,694 Substandard 10,204 13,458 — 6,181 29,843 57,015 1,668 88,526 Doubtful — — — — — 836 — 836 Loss — — — — — — — — Total classified and criticized 12,606 60,216 — 6,181 79,003 137,099 1,954 218,056 Acceptable/watch 1,065,083 2,518,177 1,225,551 423,631 5,232,442 1,497,660 389,406 7,119,508 Total outstanding loans $ 1,077,689 2,578,393 1,225,551 429,812 5,311,445 1,634,759 391,360 7,337,564 At December 31, 2018 Residential Commercial mortgages Multi- family Construction Total mortgages Commercial loans Consumer loans Total loans Special mention $ 5,071 14,496 228 — 19,795 67,396 610 87,801 Substandard 7,878 13,292 — 6,181 27,351 45,180 1,711 74,242 Doubtful — — — — — 923 — 923 Loss — — — — — — — — Total classified and criticized 12,949 27,788 228 6,181 47,146 113,499 2,321 162,966 Acceptable/watch 1,086,515 2,271,525 1,339,449 382,818 5,080,307 1,581,522 429,107 7,090,936 Total outstanding loans $ 1,099,464 2,299,313 1,339,677 388,999 5,127,453 1,695,021 431,428 7,253,902 |