Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans | Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans On January 1, 2020, the Company adopted CECL, which replaces the incurred loss methodology with an expected loss methodology. The adoption of the new standard resulted in the Company recording a $7.9 million increase to the allowance for credit losses on loans with a corresponding cumulative effect adjustment to decrease retained earnings by $5.9 million, net of income taxes. (See Adoption of CECL table below for additional detail.) Loans receivable at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are summarized as follows (in thousands): March 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Mortgage loans: Residential $ 1,106,670 1,077,689 Commercial 2,555,091 2,578,393 Multi-family 1,222,313 1,225,551 Construction 408,944 429,812 Total mortgage loans 5,293,018 5,311,445 Commercial loans: Commercial owner occupied 935,669 853,269 Commercial non-owner occupied 719,780 732,277 Other commercial loans 48,220 49,213 Total commercial loans 1,703,669 1,634,759 Consumer loans 379,597 391,360 Total gross loans 7,376,284 7,337,564 Purchased credit-deteriorated ("PCD") loans 737 746 Premiums on purchased loans 2,300 2,474 Unearned discounts (26) (26) Net deferred fees (7,251) (7,873) Total loans $ 7,372,044 7,332,885 The following tables summarize the aging of loans receivable by portfolio segment and class of loans, excluding PCD loans (in thousands): March 31, 2020 30-59 Days 60-89 Days Non-accrual Recorded Total Past Current Total Loans Non-accrual loans with no related allowance Mortgage loans: Residential $ 6,240 4,075 6,145 — 16,460 1,090,210 1,106,670 1,522 Commercial 424 — 5,264 — 5,688 2,549,403 2,555,091 — Multi-family — — — — — 1,222,313 1,222,313 — Construction — — — — — 408,944 408,944 — Total mortgage loans 6,664 4,075 11,409 — 22,148 5,270,870 5,293,018 1,522 Commercial loans 13,793 1 23,086 — 36,880 1,666,789 1,703,669 1,344 Consumer loans 1,707 661 844 — 3,212 376,385 379,597 664 Total gross loans $ 22,164 4,737 35,339 — 62,240 7,314,044 7,376,284 3,530 December 31, 2019 30-59 Days 60-89 Days Non-accrual Recorded Total Past Current Total Loans Receivable Non-accrual loans with no related allowance Mortgage loans: Residential $ 5,905 2,579 8,543 — 17,027 1,060,662 1,077,689 2,989 Commercial — — 5,270 — 5,270 2,573,123 2,578,393 — Multi-family — — — — — 1,225,551 1,225,551 — Construction — — — — — 429,812 429,812 — Total mortgage loans 5,905 2,579 13,813 — 22,297 5,289,148 5,311,445 2,989 Commercial loans 2,383 95 25,160 — 27,638 1,607,121 1,634,759 3,238 Consumer loans 1,276 337 1,221 — 2,834 388,526 391,360 569 Total gross loans $ 9,564 3,011 40,194 — 52,769 7,284,795 7,337,564 6,796 Included in loans receivable are loans for which the accrual of interest income has been discontinued due to deterioration in the financial condition of the borrowers. The principal amounts of these non-accrual loans were $35.3 million and $40.2 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Included in non-accrual loans were $16.0 million and $13.1 million of loans which were less than 90 days past due at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. There were no loans 90 days or greater past due and still accruing interest at March 31, 2020 or December 31, 2019. Management has elected not to measure an allowance for credit losses for accrued interest receivables related to its loan portfolio as its policy is to write-off uncollectible accrued interest receivable balances in a timely manner. Accrued interest is written off by reversing interest income during the quarter the loan is moved from an accrual to a non-accrual status. The Company defines an impaired loan as a non-homogeneous loan greater than $1.0 million, for which, based on current information, the Bank does not expect to collect all amounts due under the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Impaired loans also include all loans modified as troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”). An allowance for impaired loans that have been modified in a TDR is measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, the loan’s observable market price, or the estimated fair value of the collateral, less any selling costs, if the loan is collateral-dependent. The Company uses third-party appraisals to determine the fair value of the underlying collateral in its analysis of collateral-dependent loans. A third-party appraisal is generally ordered as soon as a loan is designated as a collateral-dependent loan and updated annually, or more frequently if required. A financial asset is considered collateral-dependent when the debtor is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the sale or operation of the collateral. For all classes of loans deemed collateral-dependent, the Company estimates expected credit losses based on the collateral’s fair value less cost to sell. A specific allocation of the allowance for credit losses is established for each collateral-dependent loan with a carrying balance greater than the collateral’s fair value, less estimated costs to sell. In most cases, the Company records a partial charge-off to reduce the loan’s carrying value to the collateral’s fair value less cost to sell. At each fiscal quarter end, if a loan is designated as collateral-dependent and the third-party appraisal has not yet been received, an evaluation of all available collateral is made using the best information available at the time, including rent rolls, borrower financial statements and tax returns, prior appraisals, management’s knowledge of the market and collateral, and internally prepared collateral valuations based upon market assumptions regarding vacancy and capitalization rates, each as and where applicable. Once the appraisal is received and reviewed, the specific reserves are adjusted to reflect the appraised value. The Company believes there have been no significant time lapses as a result of this process. At March 31, 2020, there were 158 impaired loans totaling $65.7 million. Included in this total were 129 TDRs related to 125 borrowers totaling $39.1 million that were performing in accordance with their restructured terms and which continued to accrue interest at March 31, 2020. At December 31, 2019, there were 158 impaired loans totaling $70.6 million, of which 147 loans totaling $48.3 million were TDRs. Included in this total were 133 TDRs related to 128 borrowers totaling $42.7 million that were performing in accordance with their restructured terms and which continued to accrue interest at December 31, 2019. At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had $15.9 million and $20.4 million of collateral-dependent impaired loans, respectively. The collateral-dependent impaired loans at March 31, 2020 consisted of $12.8 million in commercial loans, $3.0 million in residential real estate loans, and $174,000 in consumer loans. The collateral for these impaired loans was primarily real estate. The activity in the allowance for credit losses by portfolio segment for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 was as follows (in thousands): Three months ended March 31, Mortgage loans Commercial loans Consumer loans Total Portfolio Segments 2020 Balance at beginning of period $ 25,511 28,263 1,751 55,525 Retained earnings (due to initial CECL adoption) 14,188 (9,974) 3,706 7,920 Provision charged (credited) to operations 7,710 7,619 (629) 14,700 Recoveries of loans previously charged-off 93 313 123 529 Loans charged-off (2) (3,380) (149) (3,531) Balance at end of period $ 47,500 22,841 4,802 75,143 2019 Balance at beginning of period $ 27,678 25,693 2,191 55,562 Provision (credited) charged to operations (982) 1,282 (100) 200 Recoveries of loans previously charged-off 230 52 130 412 Loans charged-off — (676) (145) (821) Balance at end of period $ 26,926 26,351 2,076 55,353 As a result of the January 1, 2020 adoption of CECL, the Company recorded a $7.9 million increase to the allowance for credit losses on loans. For the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company recorded a $14.7 million provision for credit losses on loans. The increase in provision for credit losses for the quarter resulted primarily from the impact of reserve build related to the COVID-19 pandemic, with the largest increase in the commercial loans and commercial real estate portfolios. The following table illustrates the impact of the January 1, 2020 adoption of CECL on the loan portfolio: January 1, 2020 As reported under CECL Prior to CECL Impact of CECL adoption Loans Residential $ 8,950 3,411 5,539 Commercial 17,118 12,885 4,233 Multi-family 9,519 3,370 6,149 Construction 4,152 5,885 (1,733) Total mortgage loans 39,739 25,551 14,188 Commercial loans 18,254 28,228 (9,974) Consumer loans 5,452 1,746 3,706 Allowance for credit losses on loans $ 63,445 55,525 7,920 The following tables summarize loans receivable by portfolio segment and impairment method at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 (in thousands): March 31, 2020 Mortgage Commercial Consumer Total Portfolio Individually evaluated for impairment $ 39,592 24,026 2,114 65,732 Collectively evaluated for impairment 5,253,426 1,679,643 377,483 7,310,552 Total gross loans $ 5,293,018 1,703,669 379,597 7,376,284 December 31, 2019 Mortgage Commercial Consumer Total Portfolio Individually evaluated for impairment $ 39,910 28,357 2,374 70,641 Collectively evaluated for impairment 5,271,535 1,606,402 388,986 7,266,923 Total gross loans $ 5,311,445 1,634,759 391,360 7,337,564 The allowance for credit losses is summarized by portfolio segment and impairment classification as follows (in thousands): March 31, 2020 Mortgage Commercial loans Consumer loans Total Individually evaluated for impairment $ 1,590 4,073 36 5,699 Collectively evaluated for impairment 45,910 18,768 4,766 69,444 Total gross loans $ 47,500 22,841 4,802 75,143 December 31, 2019 Mortgage Commercial loans Consumer Total Individually evaluated for impairment $ 1,580 3,462 25 5,067 Collectively evaluated for impairment 23,931 24,801 1,726 50,458 Total gross loans $ 25,511 28,263 1,751 55,525 Loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties that are considered TDRs primarily involve lowering the monthly payments on such loans through either a reduction in interest rate below a market rate, an extension of the term of the loan without a corresponding adjustment to the risk premium reflected in the interest rate, or a combination of these two methods. These modifications generally do not result in the forgiveness of principal or accrued interest. In addition, management attempts to obtain additional collateral or guarantor support when modifying such loans. If the borrower has demonstrated performance under the previous terms and our underwriting process shows the borrower has the capacity to continue to perform under the restructured terms, the loan will continue to accrue interest. Non-accruing restructured loans may be returned to accrual status when there has been a sustained period of repayment performance (generally six consecutive months of payments) and both principal and interest are deemed collectible. The following tables present the number of loans modified as TDRs during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, along with their balances immediately prior to the modification date and post-modification as of March 31, 2020 and 2019 (dollars in thousands): For the three months ended March 31, 2020 March 31, 2019 Troubled Debt Restructurings Number of Pre-Modification Post-Modification Number of Pre-Modification Post-Modification ($ in thousands) Mortgage loans: Commercial — $ — — 1 $ 14,010 14,010 Total mortgage loans — — — 1 14,010 14,010 Commercial loans 2 746 731 4 2,013 2,013 Total restructured loans 2 $ 746 $ 731 5 $ 16,023 $ 16,023 All TDRs are impaired loans, which are individually evaluated for impairment. During the three months ended March 31, 2020 $2.7 million of charge-offs were recorded on collateral-dependent impaired loans. For the three months ended March 31, 2020, the allowance for loan losses associated with the TDRs presented in the preceding tables totaled $448,000 and was included in the allowance for loan losses for loans individually evaluated for impairment. The TDRs presented in the preceding tables had a weighted average modified interest rate of approximately 6.99% compared to a weighted average rate of 7.19% prior to modification, for the three months ended March 31, 2020. The following table presents loans modified as TDRs within the previous 12 months from March 31, 2020 and 2019, and for which there was a payment default (90 days or more past due) at the quarter ended March 31, 2020 and 2019. March 31, 2020 March 31, 2019 Troubled Debt Restructurings Subsequently Defaulted Number of Loans Outstanding Recorded Investment Number of Loans Outstanding Recorded ($ in thousands) Commercial loans — $ — 3 $ 540 Total restructured loans — $ — 3 $ 540 There were no loans which had a payment default (90 days or more past due) for loans modified as TDRs within the 12 month period ending March 31, 2020 . There were three payment defaults (90 days or more past due) to one borrower for loans modified as TDRs within the 12 month period ending March 31, 2019. For TDR’s that subsequently default, the Company determines the amount of the allowance on that loan in accordance with the accounting policy for the allowance for credit losses on loans individually evaluated for impairment. As allowed by CECL, the Company elected to maintain pools of loans accounted for under ASC 310-30. At December 31, 2019, purchased credit impaired (“PCI”) loans totaled $746,000. In accordance with the CECL standard, management did not reassess whether modifications of individually acquired financial assets accounted for in pools were TDRs as of the date of adoption. All loans considered to be PCI prior to January 1, 2020 were converted to purchased credit deteriorated ("PCD") loans on that date. PCD loans totaled $737,000 at March 31, 2020. Subsequent to January 1, 2020, should the Company acquire loans that experience more-than-insignificant deterioration in credit quality since origination, these loans will be classified as PCD. The following table presents loans individually evaluated for impairment by class and loan category, excluding PCD loans (in thousands): March 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Unpaid Principal Balance Recorded Investment Related Allowance Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Unpaid Principal Balance Recorded Investment Related Allowance Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Loans with no related allowance Mortgage loans: Residential $ 12,644 10,187 — 10,257 118 13,478 10,739 — 10,910 533 Commercial 14,295 14,180 — 14,183 128 — — — — — Multi-family — — — — — — — — — — Construction — — — — — — — — — — Total 26,939 24,367 — 24,440 246 13,478 10,739 — 10,910 533 Commercial loans 3,943 2,135 — 3,417 18 3,927 3,696 — 4,015 17 Consumer loans 1,661 1,128 — 1,139 17 2,086 1,517 — 1,491 86 Total impaired loans $ 32,543 27,630 — 28,996 281 19,491 15,952 — 16,416 636 Loans with an allowance recorded Mortgage loans: Residential $ 10,777 10,273 876 10,308 112 10,860 10,326 829 10,454 428 Commercial 4,828 4,828 694 4,832 14 18,845 18,845 751 18,862 569 Multi-family 182 124 20 124 — — — — — — Construction — — — — — — — — — — Total 15,787 15,225 1,590 15,264 126 29,705 29,171 1,580 29,316 997 Commercial loans 24,763 21,891 4,073 24,152 104 27,762 24,661 3,462 27,527 444 Consumer loans 997 986 36 8,560 11 868 857 25 878 46 Total impaired loans $ 41,547 38,102 5,699 47,976 241 58,335 54,689 5,067 57,721 1,487 Total impaired loans Mortgage loans: Residential $ 23,421 20,460 876 20,565 230 24,338 21,065 829 21,364 961 Commercial 19,123 19,008 694 19,015 142 18,845 18,845 751 18,862 569 Multi-family 182 124 20 124 — — — — — — Total 42,726 39,592 1,590 39,704 372 43,183 39,910 1,580 40,226 1,530 Commercial loans 28,706 24,026 4,073 27,569 122 31,689 28,357 3,462 31,542 461 Consumer loans 2,658 2,114 36 9,699 28 2,954 2,374 25 2,369 132 Total impaired loans $ 74,090 65,732 5,699 76,972 522 77,826 70,641 5,067 74,137 2,123 Specific allocations of the allowance for credit losses attributable to impaired loans totaled $5.7 million at March 31, 2020 and $5.1 million at December 31, 2019. At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, impaired loans for which there was no related allowance for credit losses totaled $27.6 million and $16.0 million, respectively. The average balance of impaired loans for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was $77.0 million and $74.1 million, respectively. Management utilizes an internal nine-point risk rating system to summarize its loan portfolio into categories with similar risk characteristics. Loans deemed to be “acceptable quality” are rated 1 through 4, with a rating of 1 established for loans with minimal risk. Loans that are deemed to be of “questionable quality” are rated 5 (watch) or 6 (special mention). Loans with adverse classifications (substandard, doubtful or loss) are rated 7, 8 or 9, respectively. Commercial mortgage, commercial, multi-family and construction loans are rated individually, and each lending officer is responsible for risk rating loans in their portfolio. These risk ratings are then reviewed by the department manager and/or the Chief Lending Officer and by the Credit Department. The risk ratings are also confirmed through periodic loan review examinations which are currently performed by an independent third-party. Reports by the independent third-party are presented directly to the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic and its adverse economic impact on both our commercial and retail borrowers, we implemented a short-term modification program to defer principal or principal and interest payments for up to 90 days to borrowers directly impacted by the pandemic and who were not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019 all in accordance with the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security ("CARES") Act. As of April 28, 2020, deferred payment relief had been provided to 638 borrowers representing total principal loan balances of $889.0 million. In addition, the Company participated in the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) through the United States Department of the Treasury and Small Business Administration. As of April 28, 2020 the Company secured 820 PPP loans for its customers totaling $377.5 million. The following table summarizes the Company's gross loans held for investment by year of origination and internally assigned credit grades: Total Portfolio as of March 31, 2020 Residential Commercial mortgage Multi-family Construction Total Commercial Consumer Total loans Special mention $ 4,075 19,848 — — 23,923 114,858 661 139,442 Substandard 9,050 12,722 124 6,181 28,077 51,689 1,032 80,798 Doubtful — — — — — 732 — 732 Loss — — — — — — — — Total classified and criticized 13,125 32,570 124 6,181 52,000 167,279 1,693 220,972 Pass/Watch 1,093,545 2,522,521 1,222,189 402,763 5,241,018 1,536,390 377,904 7,155,312 Total gross loans $ 1,106,670 2,555,091 1,222,313 408,944 5,293,018 1,703,669 379,597 7,376,284 2020 Special mention $ — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — Loss — — — — — — — — Total classified and criticized — — — — — — — — Pass/Watch 67,775 99,722 34,785 2,005 204,287 59,721 8,587 272,595 Total gross loans $ 67,775 99,722 34,785 2,005 204,287 59,721 8,587 272,595 2019 Special mention $ — — — — — 1,231 — 1,231 Substandard — — — — — 228 — 228 Doubtful — — — — — — — Loss — — — — — — — — Total classified and criticized — — — — — 1,459 — 1,459 Pass/Watch 155,718 505,804 141,727 143,297 946,546 231,465 55,899 1,233,910 Total gross loans $ 155,718 505,804 141,727 143,297 946,546 232,924 55,899 1,235,369 2018 Special mention $ — — — — — 4,656 — 4,656 Substandard — — — — — 757 — 757 Doubtful — — — — — — — Loss — — — — — — — — Total classified and criticized — — — — — 5,413 — 5,413 Pass/Watch 96,683 357,530 115,282 188,523 758,018 195,828 48,203 1,002,049 Total gross loans $ 96,683 357,530 115,282 188,523 758,018 201,241 48,203 1,007,462 2017 Special mention $ — 220 — — 220 3,204 — 3,424 Substandard 568 995 — — 1,563 8,264 — 9,827 Doubtful — — — — — — — Loss — — — — — — — — Total classified and criticized 568 1,215 — — 1,783 11,468 — 13,251 Pass/Watch 92,471 399,107 136,620 68,938 697,136 207,256 38,057 942,449 Total gross loans $ 93,039 400,322 136,620 68,938 698,919 218,724 38,057 955,700 2016 and prior Special mention $ 4,075 19,628 — — 23,703 105,767 661 130,131 Substandard 8,482 11,727 124 6,181 26,514 42,440 1,032 69,986 Doubtful — — — — 732 — 732 Loss — — — — — — — — Total classified and criticized 12,557 31,355 124 6,181 50,217 148,939 1,693 200,849 Pass/Watch 680,898 1,160,358 793,775 — 2,635,031 842,120 227,158 3,704,309 Total gross loans $ 693,455 1,191,713 793,899 6,181 2,685,248 991,059 228,851 3,905,158 Total Portfolio as of December 31, 2019 Residential Commercial mortgage Multi-family Construction Total Commercial Consumer Total loans Special mention $ 2,402 46,758 — — 49,160 79,248 286 128,694 Substandard 10,204 13,458 — 6,181 29,843 57,015 1,668 88,526 Doubtful — — — — — 836 — 836 Loss — — — — — — — — Total classified and criticized 12,606 60,216 — 6,181 79,003 137,099 1,954 218,056 Pass/Watch 1,065,083 2,518,177 1,225,551 423,631 5,232,442 1,497,660 389,406 7,119,508 Total gross loans $ 1,077,689 2,578,393 1,225,551 429,812 5,311,445 1,634,759 391,360 7,337,564 |