Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses | Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses On January 1, 2020, the Company adopted CECL, which replaced the incurred loss methodology with an expected loss methodology. The adoption of the new standard resulted in the Company recording a $7.9 million increase to the allowance for credit losses on loans with a corresponding cumulative effect adjustment to decrease retained earnings by $5.9 million, net of income taxes. (See Adoption of CECL table below for additional detail.) Loans receivable at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are summarized as follows (in thousands): June 30, 2020 December 31, 2019 Mortgage loans: Residential $ 1,125,407 1,077,689 Commercial 2,676,426 2,578,393 Multi-family 1,275,588 1,225,551 Construction 284,980 429,812 Total mortgage loans 5,362,401 5,311,445 Commercial loans Commercial owner occupied 935,682 853,269 Commercial non-owner occupied 670,780 732,277 Other commercial loans 449,751 49,213 Total commercial loans 2,056,213 1,634,759 Consumer loans 361,653 391,360 Total gross loans 7,780,267 7,337,564 Purchased credit-deteriorated ("PCD") loans 750 746 Premiums on purchased loans 2,032 2,474 Unearned discounts (26) (26) Net deferred fees (16,632) (7,873) Total loans $ 7,766,391 7,332,885 The following tables summarize the aging of loans receivable by portfolio segment and class of loans, excluding PCD loans (in thousands): June 30, 2020 30-59 Days 60-89 Days Non-accrual Recorded Total Past Current Total Loans Non-accrual loans with no related allowance Mortgage loans: Residential $ 4,895 4,670 6,806 — 16,371 1,109,036 1,125,407 1,606 Commercial — — 5,048 — 5,048 2,671,378 2,676,426 — Multi-family — — — — — 1,275,588 1,275,588 — Construction — — — — — 284,980 284,980 — Total mortgage loans 4,895 4,670 11,854 — 21,419 5,340,982 5,362,401 1,606 Commercial loans 456 19 22,419 — 22,894 2,033,319 2,056,213 8,066 Consumer loans 1,338 590 1,194 — 3,122 358,531 361,653 9 Total gross loans $ 6,689 5,279 35,467 — 47,435 7,732,832 7,780,267 9,681 December 31, 2019 30-59 Days 60-89 Days Non-accrual Recorded Total Past Current Total Loans Receivable Non-accrual loans with no related allowance Mortgage loans: Residential $ 5,905 2,579 8,543 — 17,027 1,060,662 1,077,689 2,989 Commercial — — 5,270 — 5,270 2,573,123 2,578,393 — Multi-family — — — — — 1,225,551 1,225,551 — Construction — — — — — 429,812 429,812 — Total mortgage loans 5,905 2,579 13,813 — 22,297 5,289,148 5,311,445 2,989 Commercial loans 2,383 95 25,160 — 27,638 1,607,121 1,634,759 3,238 Consumer loans 1,276 337 1,221 — 2,834 388,526 391,360 569 Total gross loans $ 9,564 3,011 40,194 — 52,769 7,284,795 7,337,564 6,796 Included in loans receivable are loans for which the accrual of interest income has been discontinued due to deterioration in the financial condition of the borrowers. The principal amounts of these non-accrual loans were $35.5 million and $40.2 million at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Included in non-accrual loans were $14.8 million and $13.1 million of loans which were less than 90 days past due at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. There were no loans 90 days or greater past due and still accruing interest at June 30, 2020 or December 31, 2019. Management has elected to measure an allowance for credit losses for accrued interest receivables related to its loan portfolio. Accrued interest is written off by reversing interest income during the quarter the loan is moved from an accrual to a non-accrual status. The Company defines an impaired loan as a non-homogeneous loan greater than $1.0 million, for which, based on current information, the Bank does not expect to collect all amounts due under the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Impaired loans also include all loans modified as troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”). An allowance for impaired loans that have been modified in a TDR is measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, the loan’s observable market price, or the estimated fair value of the collateral, less any selling costs, if the loan is collateral-dependent. The Company uses third-party appraisals to determine the fair value of the underlying collateral in its analysis of collateral-dependent loans. A third-party appraisal is generally ordered as soon as a loan is designated as a collateral-dependent loan and updated annually, or more frequently if required. A financial asset is considered collateral-dependent when the debtor is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the sale or operation of the collateral. For all classes of loans deemed collateral-dependent, the Company estimates expected credit losses based on the collateral’s fair value less cost to sell. A specific allocation of the allowance for credit losses is established for each collateral-dependent loan with a carrying balance greater than the collateral’s fair value, less estimated costs to sell. In most cases, the Company records a partial charge-off to reduce the loan’s carrying value to the collateral’s fair value less cost to sell. At each fiscal quarter end, if a loan is designated as collateral-dependent and the third-party appraisal has not yet been received, an evaluation of all available collateral is made using the best information available at the time, including rent rolls, borrower financial statements and tax returns, prior appraisals, management’s knowledge of the market and collateral, and internally prepared collateral valuations based upon market assumptions regarding vacancy and capitalization rates, each as and where applicable. Once the appraisal is received and reviewed, the specific reserves are adjusted to reflect the appraised value. The Company believes there have been no significant time lapses as a result of this process. At June 30, 2020, there were 148 impaired loans totaling $63.1 million. Included in this total were 125 TDRs related to 122 borrowers totaling $37.9 million that were performing in accordance with their restructured terms and which continued to accrue interest at June 30, 2020. At December 31, 2019, there were 158 impaired loans totaling $70.6 million, of which 147 loans totaling $48.3 million were TDRs. Included in this total were 133 TDRs to 128 borrowers totaling $42.7 million that were performing in accordance with their restructured terms and which continued to accrue interest at December 31, 2019. At June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had $17.0 million and $20.4 million of collateral-dependent impaired loans, respectively. The collateral-dependent impaired loans at June 30, 2020 consisted of $15.4 million in commercial loans, $1.5 million in residential real estate loans, and $9,000 in consumer loans. The collateral for these impaired loans was primarily real estate. The activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 was as follows (in thousands): Three months ended June 30, Mortgage loans Commercial loans Consumer loans Total 2020 Balance at beginning of period $ 47,500 22,841 4,802 75,143 Provision charged to operations 7,355 2,285 1,260 10,900 Recoveries of loans previously charged-off 16 605 103 724 Loans charged-off — (447) (61) (508) Balance at end of period $ 54,871 25,284 6,104 86,259 2019 Balance at beginning of period $ 26,926 26,351 2,076 55,353 Provision charged to operations 262 9,175 63 9,500 Recoveries of loans previously charged-off 105 113 124 342 Loans charged-off (13) (2,090) (282) (2,385) Balance at end of period $ 27,280 33,549 1,981 62,810 Six months ended June 30, Mortgage loans Commercial loans Consumer loans Total 2020 Balance at beginning of period $ 25,511 28,263 1,751 55,525 Increase (decrease) due to the initial adoption of CECL - Retained earnings 14,188 (9,974) 3,706 7,920 Provision charged to operations 15,066 9,904 630 25,600 Recoveries of loans previously charged-off 108 918 226 1,252 Loans charged-off (2) (3,827) (209) (4,038) Balance at end of period $ 54,871 25,284 6,104 86,259 2019 Balance at beginning of period $ 27,678 25,693 2,191 55,562 Provision (credited) charged to operations (720) 10,457 (37) 9,700 Recoveries of loans previously charged-off 336 165 254 755 Loans charged-off (14) (2,766) (427) (3,207) Balance at end of period $ 27,280 33,549 1,981 62,810 As a result of the January 1, 2020 adoption of CECL, the Company recorded a $7.9 million increase to the allowance for credit losses on loans. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company recorded a $10.9 million and $25.6 million provision for credit losses on loans, respectively. The increase in the provision for credit losses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 reflects management’s best estimate of projected losses over the life of loans in our portfolio in accordance with the CECL approach, given the economic outlook and forecasts related to the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the impact of unprecedented fiscal, monetary and regulatory interventions. The largest increase in the provision for credit losses on loans for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 was in the commercial real estate portfolio. The following table illustrates the impact of the January 1, 2020 adoption of CECL on the allowance for credits for the loan portfolio (in thousands): January 1, 2020 As reported under CECL Prior to CECL Impact of CECL adoption Loans Residential $ 8,950 3,411 5,539 Commercial 17,118 12,885 4,233 Multi-family 9,519 3,370 6,149 Construction 4,152 5,885 (1,733) Total mortgage loans 39,739 25,551 14,188 Commercial loans 18,254 28,228 (9,974) Consumer loans 5,452 1,746 3,706 Allowance for credit losses on loans $ 63,445 55,525 7,920 The following tables summarize loans receivable by portfolio segment and impairment method (in thousands): June 30, 2020 Mortgage Commercial Consumer Total Portfolio Individually evaluated for impairment $ 38,186 23,263 1,605 63,054 Collectively evaluated for impairment 5,324,215 2,032,950 360,048 7,717,213 Total gross loans $ 5,362,401 2,056,213 361,653 7,780,267 December 31, 2019 Mortgage Commercial Consumer Total Portfolio Individually evaluated for impairment $ 39,910 28,357 2,374 70,641 Collectively evaluated for impairment 5,271,535 1,606,402 388,986 7,266,923 Total gross loans $ 5,311,445 1,634,759 391,360 7,337,564 The allowance for credit losses is summarized by portfolio segment and impairment classification as follows (in thousands): June 30, 2020 Mortgage Commercial loans Consumer loans Total Individually evaluated for impairment $ 1,559 2,024 42 3,625 Collectively evaluated for impairment 53,312 23,260 6,062 82,634 Total gross loans $ 54,871 25,284 6,104 86,259 December 31, 2019 Mortgage Commercial loans Consumer Total Individually evaluated for impairment $ 1,580 3,462 25 5,067 Collectively evaluated for impairment 23,931 24,801 1,726 50,458 Total gross loans $ 25,511 28,263 1,751 55,525 Loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties that are considered TDRs primarily involve lowering the monthly payments on such loans through either a reduction in interest rate below a market rate, an extension of the term of the loan without a corresponding adjustment to the risk premium reflected in the interest rate, or a combination of these two methods. These modifications generally do not result in the forgiveness of principal or accrued interest. In addition, management attempts to obtain additional collateral or guarantor support when modifying such loans. If the borrower has demonstrated performance under the previous terms and our underwriting process shows the borrower has the capacity to continue to perform under the restructured terms, the loan will continue to accrue interest. Non-accruing restructured loans may be returned to accrual status when there has been a sustained period of repayment performance (generally six consecutive months of payments) and both principal and interest are deemed collectible. The following tables present the number of loans modified as TDRs during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, along with their balances immediately prior to the modification date and post-modification as of June 30, 2020 and 2019 (in thousands): For the three months ended June 30, 2020 June 30, 2019 Troubled Debt Restructurings Number of Pre-Modification Post-Modification Number of Pre-Modification Post-Modification ($ in thousands) Mortgage loans: Residential 1 $ 342 $ 283 2 $ 749 $ 718 Total mortgage loans 1 342 283 2 749 718 Commercial loans 2 736 714 4 1,490 1,480 Total restructured loans 3 $ 1,078 $ 997 6 $ 2,239 $ 2,198 For the six months ended June 30, 2020 June 30, 2019 Troubled Debt Restructurings Number of Pre-Modification Post-Modification Number of Pre-Modification Post-Modification ($ in thousands) Mortgage loans: Residential 1 $ 342 $ 283 2 $ 749 $ 718 Commercial — — — 1 14,010 14,010 Total mortgage loans 1 342 283 3 14,759 14,728 Commercial loans 4 1,483 1,429 7 2,702 2,564 Total restructured loans 5 $ 1,825 $ 1,712 10 $ 17,461 $ 17,292 All TDRs are impaired loans, which are individually evaluated for impairment. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, $447,000 and $3.2 million of charge-offs were recorded on collateral-dependent impaired loans. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, $2.0 million of charge-offs were recorded on collateral-dependent impaired loans, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2020, the allowance for credit losses associated with the TDRs presented in the preceding tables totaled $442,000, while there was $9,000 allowance associated with TDRs for the three months ended June 30, 2020, respectively, and was included in the allowance for credit losses for loans individually evaluated for impairment. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, the TDRs presented in the preceding tables had a weighted average modified interest rate of 5.33% and 6.03%, respectively, compared to a weighted average rate of 5.29% and 6.07% prior to modification, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively. The following table presents loans modified as TDRs within the previous 12 months from June 30, 2020 and 2019, and for which there was a payment default (90 days or more past due) at the quarter ended June 30, 2020 and 2019. June 30, 2020 June 30, 2019 Troubled Debt Restructurings Subsequently Defaulted Number of Loans Outstanding Recorded Investment Number of Loans Outstanding Recorded ($ in thousands) Commercial loans — $ — 2 $ 642 Total restructured loans — $ — 2 $ 642 There were no loans which had a payment default (90 days or more past due) for loans modified as TDRs within the 12 month period ending June 30, 2020 . There were two payment defaults (90 days or more past due) to one borrower for loans modified as TDRs within the 12 month period ending June 30, 2019. For TDRs that subsequently default, the Company determines the amount of the allowance on that loan in accordance with the accounting policy for the allowance for credit losses on loans individually evaluated for impairment. As allowed by CECL, the Company elected to maintain pools of loans accounted for under ASC 310-30. At December 31, 2019, purchased credit impaired (“PCI”) loans totaled $746,000. In accordance with the CECL standard, management did not reassess whether modifications of individually acquired financial assets accounted for in pools were TDRs as of the date of adoption. Loans considered to be PCI prior to January 1, 2020 were converted to purchased credit deteriorated ("PCD") loans on that date. Any additional loans acquired by the Company after January 1, 2020, that experience more-than-insignificant deterioration in credit quality after origination, will be classified as PCD. The following table presents loans individually evaluated for impairment by class and loan category, excluding PCD loans (in thousands): June 30, 2020 December 31, 2019 Unpaid Principal Balance Recorded Investment Related Allowance Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Unpaid Principal Balance Recorded Investment Related Allowance Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Loans with no related allowance Mortgage loans: Residential $ 10,882 8,402 — 8,477 194 13,478 10,739 — 10,910 533 Commercial 14,010 14,010 — 14,010 258 — — — — — Total 24,892 22,412 — 22,487 452 13,478 10,739 — 10,910 533 Commercial loans 9,755 7,649 — 8,113 66 3,927 3,696 — 4,015 17 Consumer loans 1,452 947 — 965 26 2,086 1,517 — 1,491 86 Total impaired loans $ 36,099 31,008 — 31,565 544 19,491 15,952 — 16,416 636 Loans with an allowance recorded Mortgage loans: Residential $ 11,482 10,959 888 11,036 231 10,860 10,326 829 10,454 428 Commercial 4,815 4,815 671 4,826 27 18,845 18,845 751 18,862 569 Total 16,297 15,774 1,559 15,862 258 29,705 29,171 1,580 29,316 997 Commercial loans 17,318 15,614 2,024 18,545 192 27,762 24,661 3,462 27,527 444 Consumer loans 669 658 42 665 14 868 857 25 878 46 Total impaired loans $ 34,284 32,046 3,625 35,072 464 58,335 54,689 5,067 57,721 1,487 Total impaired loans Mortgage loans: Residential $ 22,364 19,361 888 19,513 425 24,338 21,065 829 21,364 961 Commercial 18,825 18,825 671 18,836 285 18,845 18,845 751 18,862 569 Total 41,189 38,186 1,559 38,349 710 43,183 39,910 1,580 40,226 1,530 Commercial loans 27,073 23,263 2,024 26,658 258 31,689 28,357 3,462 31,542 461 Consumer loans 2,121 1,605 42 1,630 40 2,954 2,374 25 2,369 132 Total impaired loans $ 70,383 63,054 3,625 66,637 1,008 77,826 70,641 5,067 74,137 2,123 Specific allocations of the allowance for credit losses attributable to impaired loans totaled $3.6 million at June 30, 2020 and $5.1 million at December 31, 2019. At June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, impaired loans for which there was no related allowance for credit losses totaled $31.0 million and $16.0 million, respectively. The average balance of impaired loans for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was $66.6 million and $74.1 million, respectively. Management utilizes an internal nine-point risk rating system to summarize its loan portfolio into categories with similar risk characteristics. Loans deemed to be “acceptable quality” are rated 1 through 4, with a rating of 1 established for loans with minimal risk. Loans that are deemed to be of “questionable quality” are rated 5 (watch) or 6 (special mention). Loans with adverse classifications (substandard, doubtful or loss) are rated 7, 8 or 9, respectively. Commercial mortgage, commercial, multi-family and construction loans are rated individually, and each lending officer is responsible for risk rating loans in their portfolio. These risk ratings are then reviewed by the department manager and/or the Chief Lending Officer and by the Credit Department. The risk ratings are also confirmed through periodic loan review examinations which are currently performed by an independent third-party. Reports by the independent third-party are presented directly to the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic and its adverse economic impact on both our commercial and retail borrowers, the Company implemented a short-term modification program to defer principal or principal and interest payments for up to 90 days to borrowers directly impacted by the pandemic and who were not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019 all in accordance with the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security ("CARES") Act. As of July 31, 2020, the balance of loans with short-term COVID-19 related payment deferrals has been reduced from a peak level of $1.31 billion, or 16.8% of loans, to $404.1 million, or 5.2% of loans. Of the total original $1.31 billion of loans with payment deferrals, $49.7 million are still in the first 90-day deferral period, while $354.4 million have been, or are expected to be, granted a second 90-day deferral. $902.4 million of loans have completed their deferral period. As of August 3, 2020, $546.2 million of those loans have resumed regular contractual payments, and the majority of the remainder are also expected to resume payments. Of the $404.1 million of loans granted or expected to be granted a second 90-day deferral, $129.9 million are secured by hotels with a pre-COVID weighted average loan-to-value of 53%, $130.6 million are secured by retail properties with a pre-COVID weighted average loan-to-value of 66%, and $24.9 million are secured by restaurants with a pre-COVID weighted average loan-to-value of 59%. In accordance with the Coronavirus Aid Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act), the Company has elected to not apply troubled debt restructuring classification to any COVID-19 related loan modifications that were performed after March 1, 2020 to borrowers who were current as of December 31, 2019. Accordingly, these modifications would not be classified as troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”). In addition, the Company participated in the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) through the United States Department of the Treasury and Small Business Administration ("SBA"). As of June 30, 2020, the Company secured 1,025 PPP loans for its customers totaling $400.3 million. The PPP loans are fully guaranteed by the Small Business Administration and may be eligible for forgiveness by the SBA to the extent that the proceeds are used to cover eligible payroll costs, interest costs, rent, and utility costs over a period of up to 24 weeks after the loan was made as long as certain conditions are met regarding employee retention and compensation levels. PPP loans deemed eligible for forgiveness by the SBA will be repaid by the SBA to the Company. PPP loans are included in the commercial loan portfolio. The following table summarizes the Company's gross loans held for investment by year of origination and internally assigned credit grades (in thousands): At June 30, 2020 Total portfolio Residential (1) Commercial mortgage Multi-family Construction Total Commercial Consumer Total loans Special mention $ 50,250 49,227 101 872 100,450 155,365 1,868 257,683 Substandard 19,476 25,464 124 — 45,064 96,226 3,063 144,353 Doubtful — — — — — 100 — 100 Loss — — — — — — — — Total criticized and classified 69,726 74,691 225 872 145,514 251,691 4,931 402,136 Pass/Watch 1,055,681 2,601,735 1,275,363 284,108 5,216,887 1,804,522 356,722 7,378,131 Total $ 1,125,407 2,676,426 1,275,588 284,980 5,362,401 2,056,213 361,653 7,780,267 2020 Special mention $ 3,602 — — 872 4,474 63 25 4,562 Substandard 165 — — — 165 — — 165 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Loss — — — — — — — — Total criticized and classified 3,767 — — 872 4,639 63 25 4,727 Pass/Watch 136,061 226,407 55,630 4,093 422,191 509,601 15,817 947,609 Total gross loans $ 139,828 226,407 55,630 4,965 426,830 509,664 15,842 952,336 2019 Special mention $ 5,767 $ 12,434 $ — $ — $ 18,201 $ 6,922 $ 295 $ 25,418 Substandard 3,174 — — — 3,174 257 48 3,479 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Loss — — — — — — — — Total criticized and classified 8,941 12,434 — — 21,375 7,179 343 28,897 Pass/Watch 143,555 546,612 139,753 130,902 960,822 228,914 51,133 1,240,869 Total gross loans $ 152,496 559,046 139,753 130,902 982,197 236,093 51,476 1,269,766 2018 Special mention $ 6,130 3,590 — — 9,720 9,841 292 19,853 Substandard 2,849 — — — 2,849 2,242 304 5,395 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Loss — — — — — — — — Total criticized and classified 8,979 3,590 — — 12,569 12,083 596 25,248 Pass/Watch 82,857 365,659 190,357 110,140 749,013 177,235 44,519 970,767 Total gross loans $ 91,836 369,249 190,357 110,140 761,582 189,318 45,115 996,015 2017 Special mention $ 3,321 3,512 — — 6,833 27,501 — 34,334 Substandard 730 14,018 — — 14,748 7,140 — 21,888 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Loss — — — — — — — — Total criticized and classified 4,051 17,530 — — 21,581 34,641 — 56,222 Pass/Watch 83,975 390,668 136,026 38,974 649,643 168,034 35,632 853,309 Total gross loans $ 88,026 408,198 136,026 38,974 671,224 202,675 35,632 909,531 2016 and prior Special mention $ 31,430 29,691 101 — 61,222 111,038 1,256 173,516 Substandard 12,558 11,446 124 — 24,128 86,587 2,711 113,426 Doubtful — — — — — 100 — 100 Loss — — — — — — — — Total criticized and classified 43,988 41,137 225 — 85,350 197,725 3,967 287,042 Pass/Watch 653,221 1,113,526 753,822 — 2,520,569 918,463 213,588 3,652,620 Total gross loans $ 697,209 1,154,663 754,047 — 2,605,919 1,116,188 217,555 3,939,662 At December 31, 2019 Residential Commercialmortgage Multi-family Construction Total Commercial Consumer Total loans Special mention $ 2,402 46,758 — — 49,160 79,248 286 128,694 Substandard 10,204 13,458 — 6,181 29,843 57,015 1,668 88,526 Doubtful — — — — — 836 — 836 Loss — — — — — — — — Total criticized and classified 12,606 60,216 — 6,181 79,003 137,099 1,954 218,056 Pass/Watch 1,065,083 2,518,177 1,225,551 423,631 5,232,442 1,497,660 389,406 7,119,508 Total $ 1,077,689 2,578,393 1,225,551 429,812 5,311,445 1,634,759 391,360 7,337,564 (1) Contained within criticized and classified loans of $404.1 million as of June 30, 2020, $45.6 million of residential loans, which were rated "special mention" and $10.4 million of residential loans which were rated "substandard" consisted of loans that were granted short-term payment deferrals related to COVID-19. |