Derivative Instruments [Text Block] | Note 7. Derivative Instruments In the normal course of its operations, the Company is a party to financial instruments that are accounted for as derivative instruments. Derivative instruments are recorded at fair value as either “derivative assets” or “derivative liabilities” in the consolidated balance sheets, with all periodic changes in fair value reflected as a component of “investment gain (loss), net” in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Cash receipts or payments related to derivative instruments are classified in the investing section of the consolidated statements of cash flows. Types and Uses of Derivative Instruments Interest Rate Derivatives Most of the Company’s derivative instruments are interest rate derivatives that are intended to economically hedge changes, attributable to changes in benchmark interest rates, in certain MBS fair values and future interest cash flows on the Company’s short-term financing arrangements. Interest rate derivatives include centrally cleared interest rate swaps as well as exchange-traded instruments, such as Eurodollar futures, interest rate swap futures, U.S. Treasury note futures, and options on futures. While the Company uses its interest rate derivatives to economically hedge a portion of its interest rate risk, it has not designated such contracts as hedging instruments for financial reporting purposes. The Company exchanges collateral with the counterparties to its interest rate derivative instruments at least on a daily basis based upon daily changes in fair value (also known as “variation margin”) as measured by the central clearinghouse through which those derivatives are cleared. In addition, the central clearinghouse requires market participants to deposit and maintain an “initial margin” amount which is determined by the clearinghouse and is generally intended to be set at a level sufficient to protect the clearinghouse from the maximum estimated single-day price movement in that market participant’s contracts. Cash initial and variation margin posted by the Company in respect of interest rate derivatives is included in the line item “deposits” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. To-Be-Announced Agency MBS Transactions, Including “Dollar Rolls” In addition to interest rate derivatives that are used for interest rate risk management, the Company is a party to derivative instruments that economically serve as investments, such as forward contracts to purchase or sell fixed-rate “pass-through” agency MBS on a non-specified pool basis, which are known as to-be-announced (“TBA”) contracts. A TBA contract is a forward contract for the purchase or sale of a fixed-rate agency MBS at a predetermined price, face amount, issuer, coupon, and stated maturity on an agreed upon future date. The specific agency MBS that will be delivered to satisfy the TBA trade is not known at the inception of the trade. The Company accounts for TBA contracts as derivative instruments because the Company cannot assert that it is probable at inception and throughout the term of an individual TBA contract that its settlement will result in physical delivery of the agency MBS, or the individual TBA contract will not settle in the shortest time period possible. The Company’s agency MBS investment portfolio includes net purchase (or “net long”) positions in TBA securities, which are primarily the result of executing sequential series of “dollar roll” transactions. The Company executes dollar roll transactions as a means of investing in and financing non-specified pools of fixed-rate agency MBS. Such transactions involve effectively delaying (or “rolling”) the settlement of a forward purchase of a TBA agency MBS by entering into an offsetting sale prior to the settlement date, net settling the “paired-off” positions in cash, and contemporaneously entering another forward purchase of a TBA agency MBS of the same characteristics for a later settlement date. TBA securities purchased or sold for a forward settlement month are generally priced at a discount relative to TBA securities purchased for settlement in the current month. This discount, often referred to as the dollar roll “price drop,” reflects compensation for the net interest income (interest income less financing costs) that is foregone as a result of relinquishing beneficial ownership of the MBS for the duration of the dollar roll (also known as “dollar roll income”). By executing a sequential series of dollar roll transactions, the Company is able to create the economic experience of investing in an agency MBS, financed with a repurchase agreement, over a period of time. Forward purchases and sales of TBA securities are accounted for as derivative instruments in the Company’s financial statements. Accordingly, dollar roll income is recognized as a component of “investment gains (losses), net” along with all other periodic changes in the fair value of TBA commitments. Cash collateral posted by the Company with respect to TBA transactions is included in the line item “deposits” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. In addition to TBA transactions, the Company may, from time to time, enter into commitments to purchase or sell other types of investment securities that do not qualify as regular-way security trades. Such commitments are also accounted for as derivative instruments. Derivative Instrument Population and Fair Value The following table presents the fair value of the Company’s derivative instruments as of the dates indicated: December 31, 2015 December 31, 2014 Assets Liabilities Assets Liabilities Interest rate swaps $ 6,153 $ $ $ 10-year U.S. Treasury note futures 6,813 Eurodollar futures 751 (76,848 ) 10-year interest rate swap futures (47,460 ) Put options on Eurodollar futures 25 TBA commitments (553 ) 516 Total $ 12,991 $ (553 ) $ 1,267 $ (124,308 ) Interest Rate Swaps The following table presents information as of the date indicated about the Company’s interest rate swap agreements executed in the fourth quarter of 2015, all of which represent agreements to make semiannual interest payments based upon a fixed interest rate and receive quarterly variable interest payments based upon the prevailing three-month LIBOR rate on the date of reset: December 31, 2015 Notional Amount Average Fixed Average Remaining Fair Value Years to maturity: Less than 2 years $ 750,000 1.04 % 1.9 $ 1,166 2 to 10 years 750,000 2.12 % 9.9 4,987 Total / weighted-average $ 1,500,000 1.58 % 5.9 $ 6,153 10-year U.S. Treasury Note Futures The Company’s 10-year U.S. Treasury note futures held as of December 31, 2015 are short positions with an aggregate notional amount of $1,335,000 that mature in March 2016. Upon the maturity date of these futures contracts, the Company has the option to either net settle each contract in cash in an amount equal to the difference between the then-current fair value of the underlying 10-year U.S. Treasury note and the contractual sale price inherent to the futures contract, or to physically settle the contract by delivering the underlying 10-year U.S. Treasury note. TBA Transactions The following tables present information about the Company’s TBA purchase and sale commitments as of the dates indicated: December 31, 2015 Notional Amount: Average Average Market Price Fair Value 30-year 3.5% coupon $ 275,000 $ 283,928 $ 283,469 $ (459 ) 30-year 4.0% coupon 100,000 105,883 105,789 (94 ) Total / weighted-average $ 375,000 $ 389,811 $ 389,258 $ (553 ) December 31, 2014 Notional Amount: Average Average Market Price Fair Value 30-year 4.0% coupon $ 200,000 $ 213,047 $ 213,563 $ 516 Derivative Instrument Gains and Losses For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company recorded net losses of $105,349 and $140,353, respectively, on its derivative instruments as a component of “investment gain (loss), net.” The following tables provide further information about the derivative gains and losses recognized within the periods indicated: For the Year Ended December 31, 2015 2014 Interest rate derivatives: Interest rate swaps accrual of periodic settlements, net (1) $ (1,282 ) $ Interest rate swaps unrealized gains, net 7,419 Eurodollar futures, net (60,090 ) (50,293 ) U.S. Treasury note futures, net 10,229 1,574 10-year interest rate swap futures and other, net (63,309 ) (97,412 ) Total interest rate derivative losses, net (107,033 ) (146,131 ) TBA commitments, net 1,684 5,778 Total derivative losses, net $ (105,349 ) $ (140,353 ) (1) Represents the periodic net interest settlement incurred during the period (often referred to as "net interest carry"). Derivative Instrument Activity The following tables summarize the volume of activity, in terms of notional amount, related to derivative instruments for the periods indicated: For the Year Ended December 31, 2015 Beginning of Additions Scheduled Early End of Period Eurodollar futures $ 41,090,000 $ 11,841,000 $ (7,235,000 ) $ (45,696,000 ) $ 10-year interest rate swap futures 1,145,000 2,685,000 (3,130,000 ) (700,000 ) Interest rate swaps 1,500,000 1,500,000 2-year U.S. Treasury note futures 350,000 (350,000 ) 10-year U.S. Treasury note futures 3,020,000 (1,510,000 ) (175,000 ) 1,335,000 Put options on Eurodollar futures 6,000,000 (2,000,000 ) 4,000,000 Commitments to purchase (sell) MBS, net 200,000 2,782,544 (2,607,544 ) 375,000 For the Year Ended December 31, 2014 Beginning of Additions Scheduled Settlements Early End of Period Eurodollar futures $ 15,545,000 $ 25,585,000 $ (40,000 ) $ $ 41,090,000 10-year interest rate swap futures 666,500 2,635,000 (2,121,500 ) (35,000 ) 1,145,000 5-year U.S. Treasury note futures 100,000 (100,000 ) Commitments to purchase (sell) MBS, net 44,511 2,526,354 (2,370,865 ) 200,000 Cash Collateral Posted for Derivative Instruments The following table presents information about the cash collateral posted by the Company in respect of its derivative instruments, which is included in the line item “deposits” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets: For the Year Ended December 31, 2015 2014 Interest rate swaps $ 17,434 $ Eurodollar futures 96,147 U.S. Treasury note futures 11,197 10-year interest rate swap futures 64,280 TBA commitments 798 Total cash collateral posted $ 29,429 $ 160,427 |