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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2003
OR
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission file number: 000-50230
FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY GROUP, INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Virginia | 54-1873198 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
1001 Nineteenth Street North
Arlington, VA 22209
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip code)
(703) 312-9500
(Registrant’s telephone number including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes x No ¨
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:
Title | Outstanding | |
Class A Common Stock | 140,614,835 shares as of October 31, 2003 | |
Class B Common Stock | 25,975,449 shares as of October 31, 2003 |
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FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY GROUP, INC.
FORM 10-Q
FOR THE QUARTER ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2003
1 | On March 31, 2003, Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. (“the Company” or “FBR”) completed its merger with FBR Asset Investment Corporation (“FBR Asset”) and one of its wholly owned subsidiaries, Forest Merger Corporation, created to effect the merger (the “merger”) of FBR and FBR Asset. The merger was accounted for as a purchase of FBR Asset by FBR using the purchase method of accounting. For the period from January 1, 2003 through March 30, 2003, and prior periods the Company accounted for its investment in FBR Asset using the equity method of accounting. See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements at page 8. |
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PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1 — Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes — (unaudited)
FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollars in thousands)
(Unaudited)
September 30, 2003 | December 31, 2002 | |||||||
ASSETS | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 252,102 | $ | 90,007 | ||||
Receivables: | ||||||||
Interest | 40,489 | — | ||||||
Asset management fees | 5,334 | 13,494 | ||||||
Investment banking | 11,473 | 1,725 | ||||||
Affiliates | 4,128 | 7,117 | ||||||
Other | 2,676 | 5,786 | ||||||
Investments: | ||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities, at fair value | 8,408,164 | 38,505 | ||||||
Long-term investments | 254,830 | 150,447 | ||||||
Trading securities, at fair value | 6,745 | 8,298 | ||||||
Due from clearing broker | 84,062 | 43,146 | ||||||
Bank loans and other assets, held for sale | — | 18,997 | ||||||
Goodwill | 108,013 | 1,800 | ||||||
Management contract intangible | 16,643 | 17,629 | ||||||
Building, furniture, equipment, software and leasehold improvements, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization of $21,853 and $20,013, respectively | 5,545 | 5,211 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other assets | 17,607 | 4,023 | ||||||
Total assets | $ | 9,217,811 | $ | 406,185 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||
Liabilities: | ||||||||
Trading account securities sold but not yet purchased, at fair value | $ | 24,002 | $ | 19,932 | ||||
Commercial paper | 4,046,645 | — | ||||||
Repurchase agreements | 3,880,788 | 16,352 | ||||||
Interest rate swaps | 3,877 | — | ||||||
Dividends payable | 47,621 | — | ||||||
Interest payable | 3,404 | — | ||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | 44,193 | 16,412 | ||||||
Accrued compensation and benefits | 53,512 | 41,255 | ||||||
Bank deposits | — | 51,215 | ||||||
Short-term loans payable | — | 10,588 | ||||||
Long-term debt | 45,616 | 5,266 | ||||||
Total liabilities | 8,149,658 | 161,020 | ||||||
Shareholders’ equity: | ||||||||
Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value, 25,000,000 and 15,000,000 shares authorized, respectively, none issued and outstanding | — | — | ||||||
Class A Common Stock, $0.01 par value, 450,000,000 and 150,000,000 shares authorized, respectively, 114,085,147 and 24,480,092 shares issued and outstanding, respectively | 1,141 | 245 | ||||||
Class B Common Stock, $0.01 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized, 25,975,449 shares issued and outstanding | 260 | 260 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital | 1,002,663 | 211,724 | ||||||
Employee stock loan receivable (3,880,900 and 4,000,000 shares) | (24,338 | ) | (24,182 | ) | ||||
Deferred compensation | (2,216 | ) | — | |||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income, net | 54,652 | 4,345 | ||||||
Retained earnings | 35,991 | 52,773 | ||||||
Total shareholders’ equity | 1,068,153 | 245,165 | ||||||
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity | $ | 9,217,811 | $ | 406,185 | ||||
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||
2003 | 2002 | |||||||
Revenues: | ||||||||
Investment banking: | ||||||||
Underwriting | $ | 37,518 | $ | 30,108 | ||||
Corporate finance | 51,637 | 26,175 | ||||||
Investment gains | 1,096 | 2,627 | ||||||
Institutional brokerage: | ||||||||
Principal transactions | 6,549 | 5,743 | ||||||
Agency commissions | 13,145 | 8,629 | ||||||
Asset management: | ||||||||
Base management fees | 5,602 | 7,208 | ||||||
Incentive allocations and fees | 1,770 | 4,282 | ||||||
Net investment income (loss) | 3,232 | (2,737 | ) | |||||
Technology sector net investment and incentive loss | (729 | ) | (2,202 | ) | ||||
Principal investment: | ||||||||
Interest | 46,849 | — | ||||||
Realized gains | 14,358 | — | ||||||
Dividends | 1,258 | — | ||||||
Other | 2,675 | 1,879 | ||||||
Total revenues | 184,960 | 81,712 | ||||||
Interest expense | 22,972 | 608 | ||||||
Revenues, net of interest expense | 161,988 | 81,104 | ||||||
Expenses: | ||||||||
Compensation and benefits | 67,505 | 45,725 | ||||||
Business development and professional services | 11,328 | 8,650 | ||||||
Clearing and brokerage fees | 2,057 | 1,443 | ||||||
Occupancy and equipment | 2,426 | 2,309 | ||||||
Communications | 2,969 | 2,009 | ||||||
Other operating expenses | 4,259 | 2,976 | ||||||
Total expenses | 90,544 | 63,112 | ||||||
Net income before taxes and extraordinary gain | 71,444 | 17,992 | ||||||
Income tax provision | 14,483 | 2,343 | ||||||
Net income before extraordinary gain | 56,961 | 15,649 | ||||||
Extraordinary gain | — | — | ||||||
Income tax provision on extraordinary gain | — | 536 | ||||||
Net income | $ | 56,961 | $ | 15,113 | ||||
Basic earnings per share before extraordinary gain | $ | 0.42 | $ | 0.34 | ||||
Diluted earnings per share before extraordinary gain | $ | 0.41 | $ | 0.32 | ||||
Basic earnings per share | $ | 0.42 | $ | 0.33 | ||||
Diluted earnings per share | $ | 0.41 | $ | 0.31 | ||||
Dividends declared per share | $ | 0.34 | $ | — | ||||
Weighted average shares outstanding: | ||||||||
Basic | 135,670 | 46,370 | ||||||
Diluted | 138,269 | 49,526 | ||||||
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||
2003 | 2002 | |||||||
Revenues: | ||||||||
Investment banking: | ||||||||
Underwriting | $ | 70,281 | $ | 67,666 | ||||
Corporate finance | 70,739 | 47,476 | ||||||
Investment gains | 9,761 | 4,413 | ||||||
Institutional brokerage: | ||||||||
Principal transactions | 16,876 | 21,173 | ||||||
Agency commissions | 33,731 | 27,328 | ||||||
Asset management: | ||||||||
Base management fees | 18,662 | 20,837 | ||||||
Incentive allocations and fees | 8,482 | 8,967 | ||||||
Net investment income | 14,826 | 11,802 | ||||||
Technology sector net investment and incentive loss | (1,232 | ) | (5,733 | ) | ||||
Principal investment: | ||||||||
Interest | 98,432 | — | ||||||
Realized gains | 32,187 | — | ||||||
Dividends | 3,741 | — | ||||||
Other | 6,452 | 5,407 | ||||||
Total Revenues | 382,938 | 209,336 | ||||||
Interest Expense | 44,339 | 1,408 | ||||||
Revenues, net of interest expense | 338,599 | 207,928 | ||||||
Expenses: | ||||||||
Compensation and benefits | 135,150 | 115,455 | ||||||
Business development and professional services | 27,885 | 23,044 | ||||||
Clearing and brokerage fees | 5,037 | 3,886 | ||||||
Occupancy and equipment | 6,842 | 6,564 | ||||||
Communications | 7,406 | 6,275 | ||||||
Other operating expenses | 11,316 | 8,044 | ||||||
Total expenses | 193,636 | 163,268 | ||||||
Net income before taxes and extraordinary gain | 144,963 | 44,660 | ||||||
Income tax provision | 23,507 | 2,343 | ||||||
Net income before extraordinary gain | 121,456 | 42,317 | ||||||
Extraordinary gain | — | 1,413 | ||||||
Income tax provision on extraordinary gain | — | 536 | ||||||
Net income | $ | 121,456 | $ | 43,194 | ||||
Basic earnings per share before extraordinary gain | $ | 1.14 | $ | 0.92 | ||||
Diluted earnings per share before extraordinary gain | $ | 1.11 | $ | 0.88 | ||||
Basic earnings per share | $ | 1.14 | $ | 0.94 | ||||
Diluted earnings per share | $ | 1.11 | $ | 0.90 | ||||
Dividends declared per share | $ | 1.02 | $ | — | ||||
Weighted average shares outstanding: | ||||||||
Basic | 106,279 | 45,995 | ||||||
Diluted | 109,103 | 48,218 | ||||||
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Dollars in thousands)
(Unaudited)
Class A of Shares | Class A Amount | Class B Number of Shares | Class B Amount | Additional Paid-In Capital | Employee Stock Loan Receivable | Deferred Compensation | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income | Retained Earnings (Deficit) | Total | Comprehensive Income | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balances, January 1, 2002 | 22,658,941 | $ | 227 | 26,946,029 | $ | 269 | $ | 204,805 | $ | (22,706 | ) | $ | — | $ | 3,226 | $ | (510 | ) | $ | 185,311 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net Income | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 53,283 | 53,283 | $ | 53,283 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Conversion of Class B shares to Class A shares | 970,580 | 9 | (970,580 | ) | (9 | ) | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of Class A common shares | 850,571 | 9 | — | — | 5,443 | — | — | — | — | 5,452 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest on employee stock purchase and loan plan | — | — | — | — | 1,476 | (1,476 | ) | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income: | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale investment securities, net | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1,119 | — | 1,119 | 1,119 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | $ | 54,402 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balances, December 31, 2002 | 24,480,092 | 245 | 25,975,449 | 260 | 211,724 | (24,182 | ) | — | 4,345 | 52,773 | 245,165 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Income | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 121,456 | 121,456 | $ | 121,456 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Repurchase of Class A shares | (976,600 | ) | (10 | ) | — | — | (8,173 | ) | — | — | — | — | (8,183 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of Class A common shares | 90,581,655 | 906 | — | — | 798,085 | — | (2,216 | ) | — | — | 796,775 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Repayment of employee stock purchase and loan plan receivable | — | — | — | — | — | 871 | — | — | — | 871 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest on employee stock purchase and loan plan | — | — | — | — | 1,027 | (1,027 | ) | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income: | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale investment securities and cash flow hedges, net | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 50,307 | — | 50,307 | 50,307 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | $ | 171,763 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | (138,238 | ) | (138,238 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balances, September 30, 2003 | 114,085,147 | $ | 1,141 | 25,975,449 | $ | 260 | $ | 1,002,663 | $ | (24,338 | ) | $ | (2,216 | ) | $ | 54,652 | $ | 35,991 | $ | 1,068,153 | ||||||||||||||||||||
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Dollars in thousands)
(Unaudited)
Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||
2003 | 2002 | |||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: | ||||||||
Net income | $ | 121,456 | $ | 43,194 | ||||
Non-cash items included in earnings: | ||||||||
Incentive allocations and fees and net investment (income) loss from long-term investments | (45,787 | ) | (10,745 | ) | ||||
Premium amortization on mortgage-backed securities | 64,016 | — | ||||||
Interest rate swap basis adjustment | (9,142 | ) | — | |||||
Depreciation and amortization | 3,138 | 3,145 | ||||||
Extraordinary gain | — | (1,413 | ) | |||||
Other | 2,129 | 401 | ||||||
Changes in operating assets: | ||||||||
Receivables: | ||||||||
Investment banking | (9,382 | ) | 2,311 | |||||
Asset management fees | 8,080 | (7,535 | ) | |||||
Affiliates | 3,972 | 1,799 | ||||||
Other | (7,171 | ) | 2,345 | |||||
Due from clearing broker | (40,916 | ) | (116,690 | ) | ||||
Marketable and trading securities | 1,553 | 10,518 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other assets | (22,331 | ) | (1,988 | ) | ||||
Changes in operating liabilities: | ||||||||
Trading account securities sold but not yet purchased | 4,070 | 63,000 | ||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | 17,357 | 3,854 | ||||||
Accrued compensation and benefits | 12,257 | 14,715 | ||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | 103,299 | 6,911 | ||||||
Cash flows from investment activities: | ||||||||
FBR Asset cash acquired | 11,258 | — | ||||||
Purchases of mortgage-backed securities | (7,768,346 | ) | (27,653 | ) | ||||
Receipt of principal payments or mortgage-backed securities | 2,222,023 | 3,125 | ||||||
Proceeds from sales of mortgage-backed securities | 1,771,971 | 2,009 | ||||||
Bank loans, net of allowances | 15,052 | (2,508 | ) | |||||
Proceeds from disposals of fixed assets | 5,114 | — | ||||||
Purchases of fixed assets | (2,481 | ) | (1,923 | ) | ||||
Purchases of long-term investments | (33,036 | ) | (33,040 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from sales of long-term investments | 56,219 | 18,168 | ||||||
Net cash used in investing activities | (3,722,226 | ) | (41,822 | ) | ||||
Cash flows from financing activities: | ||||||||
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt | 40,000 | — | ||||||
Repayments of long-term debt | (970 | ) | (970 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from repurchase agreements, net | (168,310 | ) | 28,782 | |||||
Proceeds from commercial paper | 4,039,888 | — | ||||||
Proceeds from short-term borrowings | — | 29,886 | ||||||
Repayments of short-term borrowings | (9,618 | ) | (8,812 | ) | ||||
Net (decrease) increase in bank deposits | (51,215 | ) | 26,987 | |||||
Dividends paid | (90,617 | ) | — | |||||
Repurchases of Class A common shares | (8,183 | ) | — | |||||
Proceeds from issuance of common stock | 29,176 | 4,860 | ||||||
Repayments of employee stock loan receivable | 871 | — | ||||||
Net cash provided by financing activities | 3,781,022 | 80,733 | ||||||
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | 162,095 | 45,822 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | 90,007 | 46,246 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | 252,102 | $ | 92,068 | ||||
Note: | The Company’s merger with FBR Asset was a non-cash transaction see Note 2. |
Cash payments for interest were $47,300 for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 and approximated interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2002.
Cash payments for taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002 were $14,600 and $0, respectively.
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollars in thousands)
(Unaudited)
1. Basis of Presentation:
The consolidated financial statements of Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. and subsidiaries (“FBR Group,” “FBR,” or the “Company”) have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q. Therefore, they do not include all information required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for complete financial statements. The interim financial statements reflect all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair statement of the results for the periods presented. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results for the entire year. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2002 included on Form 10-K filed by the Company under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Certain amounts in the consolidated financial statements and notes for prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.
2. FBR Asset Investment Corporation:
Merger With FBR Asset Investment Corporation
In June 2001, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 141, “Business Combinations,” which provides that all business combinations initiated after June 30, 2001 be accounted for using the purchase method. Under the purchase method, net assets and results of operations of acquired companies are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition. In addition, SFAS 141 provides that the cost of an acquired entity must be allocated to the assets acquired, including identifiable intangible assets, and the liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. The excess of cost over the fair value of the net assets acquired must be recognized as goodwill.
On November 15, 2002, the Company announced that it had entered into a merger agreement with FBR Asset Investment Corporation (“FBR Asset”) and one of its wholly owned subsidiaries, Forest Merger Corporation (“New FBR”), created to effect the merger (the “merger”) of FBR and FBR Asset. At separate special meetings of FBR and FBR Asset shareholders held on March 28, 2003, shareholders of both companies voted to approve the merger. The merger closed before the opening of business on March 31, 2003. The merger was accounted for as a purchase of FBR Asset by FBR Group using the purchase method of accounting. Accordingly, the consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2003 includes the effects of the merger and the Company’s application of the purchase method of accounting. Additionally, the consolidated statements of operations and cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 include the combined results of the Company and FBR Asset for the period from March 31, 2003 to September 30, 2003. During the period from January 1, 2003 through March 30, 2003, the Company accounted for its investment in FBR Asset using the equity method of accounting. The Company believes that the merger provides significant new growth opportunities and business flexibility while increasing the stability of earnings.
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FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) — (Continued)
2. FBR Asset Investment Corporation: (Continued)
Upon completion of the merger, pursuant to the merger agreement, FBR Asset merged with and into New FBR, and, immediately following that merger, FBR Group merged with and into New FBR, with New FBR continuing as the surviving company to each merger, and subsequently assuming the name Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. At the time of the merger, each outstanding share of FBR Group Class A common stock was converted into the right to receive one share of New FBR Class A common stock, each outstanding share of FBR Group Class B common stock was converted into the right to receive one share of New FBR Class B common stock, and each outstanding share of FBR Asset common stock was converted into the right to receive 3.65 shares of New FBR Class A common stock.
Upon completion of the merger, the Company elected Real Estate Investment Trust (“REIT”) status for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The Company conducts its mortgage-backed securities and merchant banking investments at the parent company REIT level. To qualify for tax treatment as a REIT, the parent company must meet certain income and asset tests and distribution requirements. The parent company generally will not be subject to federal income tax at the corporate level to the extent that it distributes at least 90 percent of its taxable income to its shareholders and complies with certain other requirements. Further, in order to maintain its status as a REIT, the Company is required to dividend on or before December 31, 2003 FBR Group’s undistributed earnings and profits as of the merger date, estimated to be approximately $9,100. Failure to meet these REIT requirements could have a material adverse impact on the Company’s results or financial condition.
Also upon completion of the merger, the Company created FBR TRS Holdings, Inc., a taxable REIT subsidiary holding company, under which the Company conducts its investment banking, institutional brokerage and asset management business in taxable REIT subsidiaries. The taxable REIT subsidiaries are fully subject to corporate income tax. Income from the taxable REIT subsidiaries may be retained by the subsidiaries or distributed to the parent REIT company.
FBR Group’s purchase price of $776,862 is calculated using the number of shares of New FBR Class A common stock issued in the merger of 85,973,312 (determined as the number of shares of FBR Asset common stock outstanding immediately prior to completion of the merger multiplied by the exchange ratio of 3.65) and an $8.91 per share average trading price of FBR Group common stock for a period of two days before and after the terms of the merger agreement were agreed to and announced and estimated direct merger costs of $10,840.
A summary of the fair values of the net assets acquired is as follows:
Cash | $ | 11,258 | ||
Mortgage-backed securities | 4,658,407 | |||
Equity investments | 97,555 | |||
Interest receivable | 30,207 | |||
Other assets | 1,535 | |||
Repurchase agreements | (4,032,746 | ) | ||
Interest rate swaps | (10,481 | ) | ||
Interest payable | (13,892 | ) | ||
Other liabilities | (3,408 | ) | ||
Adjustment to eliminate FBR Group investment in FBR Asset | (67,786 | ) | ||
Goodwill | 106,213 | |||
Total purchase price, including acquisition costs | $ | 776,862 | ||
The total amount of goodwill represents the cost of FBR Asset in excess of the fair value of the net assets acquired and is not deductible for tax purposes. Under SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” goodwill is not amortized. Instead, this asset is required to be tested at least annually for impairment.
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FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) — (Continued)
2. FBR Asset Investment Corporation: (Continued)
The following unaudited pro forma consolidated results are presented as though the merger with FBR Asset had occurred as of January 1, 2002.
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||
Actual 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||
Gross revenues, as reported | $ | 184,960 | $ | 81,712 | $ | 382,938 | $ | 209,336 | ||||
Revenues, net of interest expense, as reported | 161,988 | 81,104 | 338,599 | 207,928 | ||||||||
Net earnings before extraordinary gain, as reported | 56,961 | 15,649 | 121,456 | 42,317 | ||||||||
Gross revenues, pro forma | n/a | $ | 133,697 | $ | 430,182 | $ | 297,170 | |||||
Net revenues, pro forma | n/a | 111,019 | 364,917 | 261,150 | ||||||||
Net earnings before extraordinary gain, pro forma | n/a | 47,136 | 147,282 | 99,279 | ||||||||
Earnings per common share | ||||||||||||
Basic before extraordinary gain, as reported | $ | 0.42 | $ | 0.34 | $ | 1.14 | $ | 0.92 | ||||
Diluted before extraordinary gain, as reported | $ | 0.41 | $ | 0.32 | $ | 1.11 | $ | 0.88 | ||||
Basic before extraordinary gain, pro forma | n/a | $ | 0.37 | $ | 1.10 | $ | 0.87 | |||||
Diluted before extraordinary gain, pro forma | n/a | $ | 0.36 | $ | 1.08 | $ | 0.85 | |||||
Investment in FBR Asset
As of March 30, 2003, and during the period from January 1, 2003 through March 30, 2003, as well as at December 31, 2002, the Company and its affiliated entities owned 2,844,700 shares or 10.88% percent of the outstanding common stock of FBR Asset.
During the period from January 1, 2003 through March 30, 2003, the Company accounted for its investment in FBR Asset using the equity method of accounting and recorded $2,860 of net investment income in the statements of operations for its proportionate share of FBR Asset’s net income during the period.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002, the Company recorded $3,588 and $16,805, respectively, of net investment income in the statements of operations for its proportionate share of FBR Asset’s net income during the period. In addition, in February 2002, the Company exercised 415,805 warrants to purchase FBR Asset common stock. As a result of this transaction, the Company purchased its interest below book value creating negative goodwill which, in accordance with SFAS 142, the Company recorded an extraordinary gain of $1,413.
Prior to its merger with FBR Asset, the Company had a management agreement with FBR Asset under which the Company performed portfolio management services on behalf of FBR Asset. These services included, but were not limited to, making investment purchases and sales, collecting market information, submitting reports pertaining to FBR Asset’s assets, interest rates, and general economic conditions, and periodic review and evaluation of the performance of FBR Asset’s portfolio of assets.
Under this management agreement the Company received a quarterly “base” management fee equal to the sum of (1) 0.20 percent per annum (adjusted to reflect a quarterly period) of the average book value of the mortgage assets of FBR Asset during each calendar quarter and (2) 0.75 percent per annum (adjusted to reflect a quarterly period) of the average book value of the remainder of FBR Asset’s invested assets during each calendar quarter. During the period January 1, 2003 through March 30, 2003, the Company recorded $2,762 in base management fees. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002, the Company recorded $2,588 and $5,713, respectively, in base management fees.
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FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) — (Continued)
2. FBR Asset Investment Corporation: (Continued)
In addition, under the management agreement the Company was also entitled to receive incentive fees based on the performance of FBR Asset during the preceding four quarters, calculated: funds from operations, plus net realized gains or losses from asset sales, less the threshold amount (all computed on a weighted average share outstanding basis), multiplied by 25 percent. The threshold amount was calculated as the weighted average issuance price per share of all shares of FBR Asset, multiplied by a rate equal to the average of the weekly closing rate of the ten-year U.S. Treasury during the previous 52-week period plus five percent per annum. During the period January 1, 2003 through March 30, 2003, the Company recorded $5,617 in incentive fees. During the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2002, the Company recorded incentive fees of $4,199 and $8,733, respectively.
The Company entered into an agreement in August 2001 with FBR Asset and its registered broker-dealer subsidiary, Pegasus, regarding FBR Asset’s extension of credit to or investment in entities that are or may be the Company’s investment banking clients. During the period January 1, 2003 through March 30, 2003, pursuant to this agreement, the Company paid $353 in fees to FBR Asset in connection with investment banking transactions. During the three and nine months periods ended September 30, 2002, pursuant to this agreement, the Company paid $5,564 and $5,858, respectively, in fees to FBR Asset in connection with investment banking transactions. Fees are earned when the related investment banking transaction is completed.
During the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2002, the Company earned $0 and $10,930, respectively, in fees in its capital markets segment in connection with the Company’s broker dealer subsidiary underwriting follow on public offerings for FBR Asset.
3. Stock Compensation:
The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,” as amended. Pursuant to SFAS 123, the Company continues to apply the provisions of Accounting Principles Board Opinion (“APB”) No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees.” Under APB 25, compensation expense is recorded for the difference, if any, between the fair market value of the common stock on the date of grant and the exercise price of the option. The exercise prices of all options granted in 2002 and 2003 equaled the market prices on the dates of grants, therefore, the Company did not record any compensation expense in 2002 or 2003 related to option grants. All outstanding stock options at March 30, 2003 vested as a result of the merger with FBR Asset. The following pro forma financial information reflects the application of SFAS 123’s fair value approach to recording stock compensation.
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||
2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||
Net income before extraordinary gain, as reported | $ | 56,961 | $ | 15,649 | $ | 121,456 | $ | 42,317 | ||||
Deduct: Stock based employee compensation expense determined under fair value based method for all awards, net of related tax effects | 28 | 2,194 | 1,708 | 7,377 | ||||||||
Pro forma net income before extraordinary gain | $ | 56,933 | $ | 13,455 | $ | 119,748 | $ | 34,940 | ||||
Earnings per share before extraordinary gain: | ||||||||||||
Basic—as reported | $ | 0.42 | $ | 0.34 | $ | 1.14 | $ | 0.92 | ||||
Basic—pro forma | $ | 0.42 | $ | 0.29 | $ | 1.13 | $ | 0.76 | ||||
Diluted—as reported | $ | 0.41 | $ | 0.32 | $ | 1.11 | $ | 0.88 | ||||
Diluted—pro forma | $ | 0.41 | $ | 0.27 | $ | 1.10 | $ | 0.72 | ||||
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FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) — (Continued)
4. Long-Term Investments, Incentive Allocations and Net Investment Income (Loss):
Asset Management Revenue
The Company records three types of asset management revenue:
1. | Certain of the Company’s subsidiaries act as investment advisers and receive management fees for the management of mutual funds, partnerships, separate accounts, and prior to March 31, 2003, FBR Asset, based upon the amount of capital committed or assets under management. This revenue is recognized over the period in which services are performed and is recorded in base management fees in the Company’s statements of operations. |
2. | The Company also receives incentive income based upon the operating results of the partnerships, and for periods prior to March 31, 2003, FBR Asset. Incentive income represents a share of the gains in the partnerships and FBR Asset, and is recorded in incentive allocations and fees in the statements of operations. The Company recognizes incentive income from the partnerships based on what would be due to the Company if the partnership terminated on the balance sheet date. Incentive allocations may be based on unrealized gains and losses, and could vary significantly based on the ultimate realization of the gains or losses. We may therefore, reverse previously recorded incentive allocations in future periods relating to the Company’s managed partnerships. As of September 30, 2003, $3,315 was subject to such potential future reversal. |
3. | The Company also records allocations, under the equity method of accounting, for its proportionate share of the earnings or losses of the partnerships, and for periods prior to March 31, 2003, FBR Asset. Income or loss allocations are recorded in net investment income (loss) and technology sector investment and incentive income (loss) in the Company’s statements of operations. The partnerships record their investments at fair value with changes in fair value reported in the partnerships’ earnings at each reporting date. Accordingly, partners’ capital accounts at each reporting date include all applicable allocations of partnership realized and unrealized gains and losses. |
Long-Term Investments
Long-term investments consist of the following:
September 30, 2003 | December 31, 2002 | |||||
Mortgage-backed securities | $ | 8,408,164 | $ | 38,505 | ||
Equity method investments: | ||||||
Proprietary investment partnerships, excluding technology sector | 49,031 | 26,645 | ||||
FBR Asset | — | 74,776 | ||||
Merchant Banking: | ||||||
Marketable equity securities | 127,505 | 3,498 | ||||
Non-public equity securities | 34,750 | — | ||||
Private debt investments | 7,500 | 7,500 | ||||
Cost method investments, excluding technology sector | 750 | 750 | ||||
Other | 20,491 | 9,457 | ||||
240,027 | 122,626 | |||||
Equity method investments—technology sector | 6,343 | 20,004 | ||||
Cost method and other investments—technology sector | 8,460 | 7,817 | ||||
14,803 | 27,821 | |||||
Total long-term investments | $ | 254,830 | $ | 150,447 | ||
Total mortgage-backed securities and long-term investments | $ | 8,662,994 | $ | 188,952 | ||
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FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) — (Continued)
4. Long-Term Investments, Incentive Allocations and Net Investment Income (Loss): (Continued)
Investments in Mortgage-Backed Securities and Marketable Securities
The Company’s available-for-sale securities consist primarily of equity investments in publicly traded companies and mortgage-backed securities. In accordance with SFAS No. 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities,” the securities are carried at fair value with resulting unrealized gains and losses reflected as other comprehensive income or loss.
The Company’s available-for-sale securities as of September 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002 were:
September 30, 2003 | |||||||||||||
Amortized Cost | Unrealized | Fair Value | |||||||||||
Gains | Losses | ||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities (1) | $ | 8,408,206 | $ | 22,905 | $ | (22,947 | ) | $ | 8,408,164 | ||||
Marketable equity securities | 76,718 | 50,888 | (101 | ) | 127,505 | ||||||||
$ | 8,484,924 | $ | 73,793 | $ | (23,048 | ) | $ | 8,535,669 | |||||
(1) | As of September 30, 2003, the mortgage-backed securities portfolio had a net premium of $182,368. This premium includes purchase accounting adjustments that stepped up the basis of the securities acquired from FBR Asset based on the values of the securities at the time of the merger. |
December 31, 2002 | |||||||||||||
Amortized Cost | Unrealized | Fair Value | |||||||||||
Gains | Losses | ||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities | $ | 38,009 | $ | 502 | $ | (6 | ) | $ | 38,505 | ||||
Marketable equity securities | 3,498 | — | — | 3,498 | |||||||||
$ | 41,507 | $ | 502 | $ | (6 | ) | $ | 42,003 | |||||
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003, the weighted average coupon rate on the Company’s mortgage-backed securities was 4.42% and 4.57%, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002, the Company’s investments in mortgage backed securities did not have a significant effect on the Company’s results of operations. The weighted average life of the mortgage-backed securities based on assumptions used to determine fair value was 2.05 years as of September 30, 2003. The duration of the mortgage-backed securities portfolio was .93 as of September 30, 2003.
As of September 30, 2003, $4,022,244 (fair value) of the mortgage-backed securities were pledged as collateral for repurchase agreements and $4,058,130 of mortgage-backed securities and other assets were pledged as collateral for commercial paper.
5. Borrowings:
Commercial Paper
In August 2003, the Company formed Georgetown Funding, LLC (Georgetown Funding), a special purpose Delaware limited liability company organized for the purpose of issuing extendable commercial paper notes in the asset-backed commercial paper market and entering into reverse repurchase agreements with the Company and its affiliates. The Company serves as administrator for Georgetown Funding’s commercial paper program. Through its administration agreement the Company maintains effective control over Georgetown Funding, and therefore consolidates Georgetown Funding for financial reporting purposes. The commercial paper notes issued by Georgetown Funding are rated A1+/P1 by Standard & Poor’s and Moody’s Investors Service, respectively. In
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FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) — (Continued)
5. Borrowings: (Continued)
August 2003, the Company entered into an uncommitted Master Repurchase Agreement with Georgetown Funding under which the Company may finance up to $5,000,000 of mortgage-backed securities.
As part of its Master Repurchase Agreement with the Company, Georgetown Funding began issuing commercial paper in September 2003, and as of September 30, 2003, had commercial paper borrowings of $4,046,645 outstanding with a weighted average borrowing rate of 1.17% and a remaining weighted-average term to maturity of 30.3 days. See also Note 6 for information regarding the effects of interest rate swaps on the Company’s borrowing costs.
Repurchase Agreements
At September 30, 2003, the Company had borrowings of $3,880,788 outstanding under repurchase agreements with a weighted average borrowing rate of 1.12% and a remaining weighted-average term to maturity of 19.4 days. During the three and nine months ending September 30, 2003, the weighted average borrowing rate was 1.12% and 1.20%, respectively, and the weighted average repurchase agreement balances were $6,787,821 and $4,370,136, respectively. See also Note 6 for information regarding the effects of interest rate swaps on the Company’s borrowing costs.
Long Term Debt
In April 2003 and July 2003, the Company through its taxable REIT holding company FBR TRS Holdings, Inc. and wholly owned subsidiary grantor trusts, FBR Capital Trust I and FBR Capital Trust II (“Trusts”), formed by FBR TRS Holdings, Inc., issued $40,000 total of preferred securities (“Trust Preferred securities”). The Trust Preferred securities accrue and pay interest quarterly at annual rates of (1) three-month LIBOR plus 3.25% ($20,000), but no more than 12% until March 2008, and (2) three-month LIBOR plus 3.10% ($20,000). The Trusts used the net proceeds from the offering to purchase unsecured junior subordinated deferrable interest notes of the Company (“Junior Subordinated Notes”). Junior Subordinated Notes are the sole assets of the Trust and are eliminated, along with the related income statement effects, in the consolidated financial statements. The Company’s obligations under the Junior Subordinated Notes and related documents, taken together, constitute a full and unconditional guarantee by the Company of the obligations of the Trusts. The Trust Preferred Securities are mandatorily redeemable upon the maturity of the Junior Subordinated Notes on March 30, 2033 and June 30, 2033, respectively, or upon earlier redemption as provided in the indentures. Specifically, subsequent to June 30, 2008, and September 30, 2008, respectively the Company may redeem the securities in whole at any time or in part from time to time at a redemption amount equal to the principal amount thereof plus accrued interest. For financial reporting purposes the Company’s $40,000 net proceeds are accounted for as debt with interest payments charged to interest expense. The Company used the proceeds from the issuance to invest in additional mortgage-backed securities.
6. Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities:
The Company utilizes derivative financial instruments to hedge the interest rate risk associated with its borrowings. At September 30, 2003, the Company was party to four interest rate swap agreements. One of the interest rate swaps ($50,000 notional) was previously held by FBR Asset and acquired by the Company as a result of the merger. Additionally, the Company entered into two interest rate swaps ($2,000,000 notional) during the second quarter of 2003, and one interest rate swap ($500,000 notional) during the third quarter. The counter parties to the interest rate swap agreements are U.S. financial institutions. Under the interest rate swap agreements, the Company receives a floating rate based on three-month LIBOR and pays a fixed rate, as summarized below.
The notional amount of each agreement is matched against a like amount of current and anticipated borrowings under repurchase agreements or commercial paper to hedge the variability in interest payments
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FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) — (Continued)
6. Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities: (Continued)
associated with the borrowings. The interest rate swap agreements are highly effective hedges and qualify as cash flow hedges under SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and for Hedging Activities,” as amended. Accordingly, changes in the fair value of these derivatives are reported in other comprehensive income to the extent the hedge was perfectly effective, while changes in value attributable to hedge ineffectiveness are reported in earnings. The gains and losses on cash flow hedge transactions that are reported in other comprehensive income are reclassified to earnings in the periods in which the earnings are affected by the hedged cash flows. The net effect of the Company’s interest rate swap agreements, including purchase accounting basis adjustments, on interest expense was to reduce expense by $227 and $675, respectively for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003. The total amount deferred in accumulated other comprehensive income relating to interest rate swaps is $(1,997) at September 30, 2003, and relates to interest rate swaps entered into subsequent to the merger with FBR Asset.
The Company held the following interest rate swaps at September 30, 2003.
Current Notional Amount | Fixed Rate | Three-month LIBOR Rate | Termination Date | Fair Value | ||||||||
$2,000,000 | 1.31 | %(1) | N/A | (2) | October 15, 2004 | $ | (1,658 | ) | ||||
500,000 | 1.31 | % | N/A | (2) | October 17, 2004 | (339 | ) | |||||
50,000 | 4.97 | % | 1.11 | % | July 27, 2004 | (1,880 | ) | |||||
$2,550,000 | $ | (3,877 | ) | |||||||||
(1) | Average of two, one billion dollar notional interest rate swaps |
(2) | These interest rate swaps are forward starting and do not begin until October 2003. |
The Company held no interest rate swaps at December 31, 2002.
As of September 30, 2003 and subsequently, the Company had made forward commitments to purchase approximately $2,500,000 in hybrid ARM securities. These commitments to purchase mortgage-backed securities are designated as cash flow hedges of the anticipated purchases, and as of September 30, 2003 were valued at $3,000, which is included in accumulated other comprehensive income
7. Income Taxes:
The Company has elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code. To qualify for tax treatment as a REIT, FBR must meet certain income and asset tests and distribution requirements. The Company generally will not be subject to federal income tax at the corporate level to the extent that it distributes at least 90 percent of its taxable income to its shareholders and complies with certain other requirements. Failure to meet these requirements could have a material adverse impact on FBR’s results or financial condition. The income generated from the Company’s taxable REIT subsidiaries is taxed at normal corporate rates and will generally not be distributed to the Company’s shareholders.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003, the Company recorded $14,483 and $23,507, respectively, of income tax expense for income during the period prior to the effective date of the merger with FBR Asset and the Company’s REIT election as well as for income generated subsequently that was attributable to taxable REIT subsidiaries. The Company’s effective tax rate relating to this income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003 was approximately 39%.
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FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) — (Continued)
7. Income Taxes: (Continued)
As of December 31, 2001, the Company had a net operating loss (NOL) carryforward to offset future taxable income. As of that date the Company had provided a full valuation allowance against its NOL and other deferred tax assets based upon its ongoing assessment of realizability. Based on the Company’s year-to-date operating results during the first nine months of 2002 in which earnings were in excess of the NOL carryforward, and based on available evidence and estimates of full year earnings for 2002, the Company began providing for income taxes and recorded an income tax provision of $2,343 (net of the reversal of deferred tax asset valuation allowance) relating to net income before extraordinary gain for the three months ended September 30, 2002. Previously during 2002, based on the NOL, operating results and estimates relative to future results, no provision for income taxes was recorded. Additionally, the Company recorded an income tax provision of $536 related to the extraordinary gain recorded in the first quarter which was a change in estimate based on current and estimated earning the year ended December 31, 2002. The Company’s effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002 was 16% and 6.2% respectively.
8. Net Capital Requirements:
The Company’s U.S. broker-dealer subsidiaries, Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc. (“FBR & Co.”), FBR Investment Services, Inc. (“FBRIS”), and Pegasus Capital Corporation (“Pegasus”) are subject to the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Uniform Net Capital Rule (“the rule”), which requires the maintenance of minimum net capital and requires the ratio of aggregate indebtedness to net capital, both as defined by the rule, not to exceed 15 to 1. As of September 30, 2003, FBR & Co. had regulatory net capital as defined of $78,073, FBRIS had regulatory net capital as defined of $305, and Pegasus had regulatory net capital as defined of $80, each of which exceeded the amount required.
The Company’s U.K. broker-dealer subsidiary, Friedman, Billings, Ramsey International, Ltd. (“FBRIL”) is subject to the net capital rules of the Financial Services Authority. As of September 30, 2003, FBRIL had regulatory net capital as defined of $3,266, which exceeded the amount required.
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FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) — (Continued)
9. Earnings Per Share:
The following table presents the computations of basic and diluted earnings per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2003 | Three Months Ended September 30, 2002 | |||||||||||
Basic | Diluted | Basic | Diluted | |||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding: | ||||||||||||
Common stock | 135,670 | 135,670 | 46,370 | 46,370 | ||||||||
Stock options | — | 2,599 | — | 3,156 | ||||||||
Weighted average common and common equivalent shares outstanding | 135,670 | 138,269 | 46,370 | 49,526 | ||||||||
Net earnings before extraordinary gain applicable to common stock | $ | 56,961 | $ | 56,961 | $ | 15,649 | $ | 15,649 | ||||
Earnings before extraordinary gain per common share | $ | 0.42 | $ | 0.41 | $ | 0.34 | $ | 0.32 | ||||
Net earnings applicable to common stock | $ | 56,961 | $ | 56,961 | $ | 15,113 | $ | 15,113 | ||||
Earnings per common share | $ | 0.42 | $ | 0.41 | $ | 0.33 | $ | 0.31 | ||||
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2003 | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2002 | |||||||||||
Basic | Diluted | Basic | Diluted | |||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding: | ||||||||||||
Common stock | 106,279 | 106,279 | 45,995 | 45,995 | ||||||||
Stock options | — | 2,824 | — | 2,223 | ||||||||
Weighted average common and common equivalent shares outstanding | 106,279 | 109,103 | 45,995 | 48,218 | ||||||||
Net earnings before extraordinary gain applicable to common stock | $ | 121,456 | $ | 121,456 | $ | 42,317 | $ | 42,317 | ||||
Earnings before extraordinary gain per common share | $ | 1.14 | $ | 1.11 | $ | 0.92 | $ | 0.88 | ||||
Net earnings applicable to common stock | $ | 121,456 | $ | 121,456 | $ | 43,194 | $ | 43,194 | ||||
Earnings per common share | $ | 1.14 | $ | 1.11 | $ | 0.94 | $ | 0.90 | ||||
As of September 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively, 7,622,453 and 11,575,505 options to purchase shares of common stock were outstanding (both including shares associated with the Employee Stock Purchase and Loan Plan that are treated as options). As of September 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively, 7,582,453 and 8,362,689 of the total outstanding options were exercisable and 2,396,900 and 2,477,900 were anti-dilutive.
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FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) — (Continued)
10. Commitments and Contingencies:
Contractual Obligations
The Company has contractual obligations to make future payments in connection with short and long-term debt, non-cancelable lease agreements and other contractual commitments as well as uncalled capital commitments to various investment partnerships that may be called over the next ten years. The following table sets forth these contractual obligations by fiscal year:
2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | Thereafter | Total | |||||||||||||||
Commercial paper borrowings | $ | 4,046,645 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 4,046,645 | |||||||
Repurchase agreement borrowings | 3,880,788 | — | — | — | — | — | 3,880,788 | ||||||||||||||
Long-term debt | — | 970 | 970 | 970 | 970 | 43,880 | 47,760 | ||||||||||||||
Minimum rental and other contractual commitments | 3,472 | 8,860 | 8,699 | 6,092 | 3,118 | 4,663 | 34,904 | ||||||||||||||
Capital commitments (1) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Total Contractual Obligations | $ | 7,930,905 | $ | 9,830 | $ | 9,669 | $ | 7,062 | $ | 4,088 | $ | 48,543 | $ | 8,010,097 | |||||||
(1) | The table above excludes $7,582 of uncalled capital commitments to various investment partnerships that may be called over the next ten years. This amount was excluded because the Company cannot currently determine when, if ever, the commitments will be called. |
Litigation
As of September 30, 2003, the Company is not a defendant or plaintiff in any lawsuits or arbitrations that are expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition. The Company is a defendant in a small number of civil lawsuits and arbitrations (together “litigation”) relating to its various businesses. In addition, the Company is subject to regulatory oversight relating to its various businesses, including examination by regulatory bodies and requests for information relating to such examinations. There can be no assurance that these matters will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations in a future period. However, based on management’s review with counsel, including a review of the reserves set aside for litigation, resolution of these matters is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition or liquidity. However, if, during any period, a potential adverse contingency should become probable or resolved, the results of operations in that period could be materially affected.
Many aspects of the Company’s business involve substantial risks of liability and litigation. Underwriters, broker-dealers and investment advisers are exposed to liability under Federal and state securities laws, other Federal and state laws and court decisions, including decisions with respect to underwriters’ liability and limitations on indemnification, as well as with respect to the handling of customer accounts. For example, underwriters may be held liable for material misstatements or omissions of fact in a prospectus used in connection with the securities being offered and broker-dealers may be held liable for statements made by their securities analysts or other personnel. In certain circumstances, broker-dealers and asset managers may also be held liable by customers and clients for losses sustained on investments. In recent years, there has been an increasing incidence of litigation involving the securities industry, including class actions that seek substantial damages. The Company is subject to the risk of litigation, including litigation that may be without merit. As the Company intends to actively defend such litigation, significant legal expenses could be incurred. An adverse resolution of any future litigation against the Company could materially affect the Company’s operating results and financial condition.
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FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) — (Continued)
11. Shareholders’ Equity:
In April 2003, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a new share repurchase program in which the Company may repurchase up to 14 million shares of the Company’s Class A common stock from time to time. Under a previous share repurchase program, during the three months ended March 31, 2003, the Company repurchased 976,000 shares of its Class A common stock at a cost of $8,200. There were no other share repurchases during 2003.
On April 1, 2003, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a dividend of $0.34 per common share payable on April 30, 2003 to shareholders of record as of April 15, 2003.
On June 12, 2003, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a dividend of $0.34 per common share payable on July 31, 2003 to shareholders of record on July 1, 2003.
On September 10, 2003, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a dividend of $0.34 per common share payable on October 31, 2003 to shareholders of record on September 30, 2003.
12. Related Party Transactions:
Employee Stock Purchase and Loan Plan
In connection with the Employee Stock Purchase and Loan Plan, in July and August 2001, the Company issued stock and received five-year, limited recourse promissory notes from employees with interest accruing at 6.5 percent accreting to principal for the remaining purchase price. The notes are collateralized by the 5 million shares of stock purchased under the plan. As of September 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002, the balance outstanding on these loans was $24,338 and $24,182, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003, $2,674 and $4,034, respectively of compensation expense was recorded for dividends paid on the shares purchased with proceeds from the notes.
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FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) — (Continued)
13. Segment Information:
The Company considers its capital markets, asset management and principal investing operations to be three separately reportable segments. The capital markets segment includes the Company’s investment banking and institutional brokerage operations. Asset management includes the Company’s fee based asset management operations as well as certain investments that are incidental to asset management activities. The Company’s principal investing segment was initiated subsequent to completing the merger with FBR Asset, and includes the Company’s mortgage-backed security investment activities, and substantially all of the Company’s equity security investing activities. Accordingly, there is no comparable 2002 financial information for this segment. The Company has developed systems and methodologies to allocate overhead costs to its business units and, accordingly, presents segment information consistent with internal management reporting. There are no significant revenue transactions between the segments. The following table illustrates the financial information for the Company’s segments for the periods presented:
Capital Markets | Asset Management | Principal Investing | Consolidated Totals | ||||||||||
Three Months Ended September 30, 2003 | |||||||||||||
Total revenues | $ | 109,094 | $ | 10,298 | $ | 65,568 | $ | 184,960 | |||||
Pre-tax income | 32,697 | 1,640 | 37,107 | 71,444 | |||||||||
Three Months Ended September 30, 2002 | |||||||||||||
Total revenues | $ | 73,386 | $ | 8,326 | $ | — | $ | 81,712 | |||||
Pre-tax income (loss) | 18,995 | (1,003 | ) | — | 17,992 | ||||||||
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2003 | |||||||||||||
Total revenues | $ | 200,190 | $ | 39,949 | $ | 142,799 | $ | 382,938 | |||||
Pre-tax income | 43,957 | 12,749 | 88,257 | 144,963 | |||||||||
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2002 | |||||||||||||
Total revenues | $ | 167,205 | $ | 42,131 | $ | — | $ | 209,336 | |||||
Pre-tax income | 33,058 | 13,015 | — | 46,073 |
14. FBR National Bank Assets and Liabilities Sold:
Upon the condition of the merger with FBR Asset being completed, the Company entered into an undertaking with the Federal Reserve Board (“the Board”) to convert to an entity that would allow the Company and its subsidiaries to continue to provide trust and custody services, but that would remove the merged company from regulation by the Board as a financial holding company.
Pursuant to this undertaking, subsequent to the completion of the merger, FBR National Bank (the “Bank”) entered into an agreement to sell its loans receivable ($12,100 balance at June 30, 2003) and customer deposits ($55,000 balance at June 30, 2003) to an unaffiliated bank. In a separate transaction, the Bank also entered into an agreement to sell its office building ($3,800 balance at June 30, 2003). Both of these transactions closed in the third quarter of 2003. Additionally, in connection with this restructuring, the Bank has incurred a severance charge of approximately $600 in 2003. The net effect of the sale transactions and the severance did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations. Based on the successful completion of the undertakings noted above, as of September 30, 2003, the Company no longer is subject to regulation by the Board as a financial holding company. Further, as of September 30, 2003, the Bank’s name was changed to FBR National Trust Company and it was operating as a national trust bank.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) — (Continued)
15. Management Contract Intangible:
The Company’s 2001 acquisition of MMA/Rushmore was accounted for using the purchase method of accounting under SFAS 141, and resulted in the recording of $19,700 of management contracts on the balance sheet. These management contracts were previously unrecognized intangible assets of MMA. This intangible asset is being amortized on a straight-line basis over 15 years. As of September 30, 2003, $3,057 of amortization has been recorded resulting in a net value of $16,643. Approximately $1,300 per year will be amortized over the remaining life of this intangible asset.
16. Subsequent Events:
In October 2003, the Company completed a follow-on offering of 26,450,000 shares (including over-allotment option) of Class A common stock at a price of $17.00 per share. FBR & Co. was the sole book runner of the offering. The net proceeds from the offering, after deducting underwriting discounts and offering expenses are estimated to be approximately $430,000. The Company plans to use the net proceeds to invest in mortgage-backed securities, equity securities and for other general corporate purposes.
In October 2003, the Company through its taxable REIT holding company subsidiary FBR TRS Holdings, Inc. and a wholly owned subsidiary grantor trust formed by FBR TRS Holdings, Inc., issued $10,000 of preferred securities (“Trust Preferred securities”). The Trust Preferred securities accrue and pay interest quarterly at an annual rate of three-month LIBOR plus 3.00%, mature in thirty years and are redeemable, in whole or in part, without penalty after five years. The Company used the proceeds from the issuance to invest in additional mortgage-backed securities. The Trust Preferred securities will be treated as debt for financial reporting purposes.
17. Accounting Developments:
In April 2002, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued SFAS No. 145, “Rescission of FASB Statements No. 4, 44, and 64, Amendment of FASB Statement No. 13, and Technical Corrections,” effective for the Company on January 1, 2003. SFAS 145 requires classification of gains and losses recognized from the extinguishment of debt to be included in continuing operations unless it meets the criteria of an extraordinary item. SFAS 145 also requires that certain lease modifications that have economic affects similar to sale-leaseback transactions be accounted for in the same manner as a sale-leaseback transaction. Adoption of SFAS 145 had no effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial position, or liquidity, but may affect the accounting for future transactions.
In June 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 146, “Accounting for Exit or Disposal Activities.” SFAS 146 addresses significant issues regarding the recognition, measurement, and reporting of costs that are associated with exit and disposal activities, including restructuring activities that are currently accounted for pursuant to the guidance that the Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) of the FASB has set forth in EITF Issue No 94-3, “Liability Recognition for Certain Employee Termination Benefits and Other Costs to Exit an Activity (including Certain Costs Incurred in a Restructuring).” The scope of SFAS 146 also included (1) costs related to terminating a contract that is not a capital lease and (2) termination benefits that employees who are involuntarily terminated receive under the terms of a one-time benefit arrangement that is not an ongoing benefit arrangement or an individual deferred compensation contract. SFAS 146 is effective for exit or disposal activities initiated after December 31, 2002. Adoption of SFAS 146 did not have a material effect on the Company’s 2003 results of operations and financial position.
In December 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 148 “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation — Transition and Disclosure.” SFAS 148 amends SFAS 123, to provide alternative methods of transition for a voluntary change to the fair value based method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation. In
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited) — (Continued)
17. Accounting Developments: (Continued)
addition, SFAS 148 amends the disclosure requirements of SFAS 123 to require prominent disclosures in both annual and interim financial statements about the method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation and the effect of the method used on reported results. The Company has adopted the disclosure requirements of SFAS 148. The Company currently accounts for stock-based employee compensation in accordance with APB 25 and related interpretations. Accordingly, the alternative methods of transition for a voluntary change to the fair value based method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation mandated by SFAS 148 are not applicable to the Company at this time.
In April 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 149, “Amendment of Statement 133 on Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.” SFAS 149 amends and clarifies the accounting for derivative instruments, including certain derivative instruments embedded in other contracts, and for hedging activities. In addition, the statement clarifies when a contract is a derivative and when a derivative contains a financing component that warrants special reporting in the statement of cash flows. SFAS 149 is generally effective prospectively for contracts entered into or modified, and hedging relationships designated, after June 30, 2003. Adoption of SFAS 149 did not have a material effect on the Company’s results of operations and financial position, but may affect the accounting for future transactions.
In May 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 150, “Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of both Liabilities and Equity.” SFAS 150 establishes standards for how an issuer classifies and measures certain financial instruments with characteristics of both liabilities and equity, and imposes certain additional disclosure requirements. The provisions of SFAS 150 are generally effective for financial instruments entered into or modified after May 31, 2003. Adoption of SFAS 150 did not have a material effect on the Company’s results of operations and financial position, but may affect the accounting for future transactions.
FASB Interpretation No. 45, “Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others — an interpretation of FASB Statements No. 5, 57, and 107 and rescission of FASB Interpretation No. 34,” (“FIN 45”) was issued in November 2002. FIN 45 elaborates on the disclosures to be made by a guarantor in its interim and annual financial statements about its obligations under certain guarantees that it has issued. It also clarifies that a guarantor is required to recognize, at the inception of a guarantee, a liability for the fair value of the obligation undertaken in issuing the guarantee. FIN 45 does not prescribe a specific approach for subsequently measuring the guarantor’s recognized liability over the term of the related guarantee. The initial recognition and initial measurement provisions of FIN 45 are applicable on a prospective basis to guarantees issued or modified after December 31, 2002, irrespective of the guarantor’s fiscal year-end. Adoption of FIN 45 did not have a significant effect on the Company’s results of operations and financial position.
FASB Interpretation No. 46, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities — an interpretation of APB No. 51,” (“FIN 46”) was issued in January 2003. FIN 46 explains how to identify variable interest entities and how an enterprise assesses its interests in a variable entity to decide whether to consolidate that entity. This Interpretation requires existing unconsolidated variable interest entities to be consolidated by their primary beneficiaries if the entities do not effectively disperse risks among parties involved. FIN 46 is effective immediately for variable interest entities created after January 31, 2003, and to variable interest entities in which an enterprise obtains an interest after that date. The Interpretation applies to the Company effective as of December 31, 2003, to variable interest entities in which an enterprise holds a variable interest that it acquired before February 1, 2003. The Company does not anticipate that the final adoption of FIN 46 will have a material effect on its financial position or results of operations.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following analysis of the consolidated financial condition and results of operations of Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. (the “Company”) should be read in conjunction with the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements as of September 30, 2003 and 2002, and the Notes thereto and the Company’s 2002 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
Relative to principal investing, the Company invests and plans to continue to invest in mortgage-backed securities that are guaranteed by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac or Ginnie Mae. In addition, subject to maintaining REIT qualification, the Company invests from time to time in real estate and non-real estate related assets, including but not limited to, purchasing equity securities and making senior secured, mezzanine, and other loans.
We constantly evaluate the rates of return that can be achieved in each investment category in which we participate. At this time, based on the interest rate environment and the shape of the yield curve, our mortgage-backed securities investments have provided us with higher relative rates of return than most other investment opportunities we have evaluated. Consequently, we have maintained a high allocation of our assets and capital in this sector. We intend to continue to evaluate investment opportunities against the returns available in each of our investment alternatives and endeavor to allocate our assets and capital with an emphasis toward the highest risk-adjusted return available. This strategy will cause us to have different allocations of capital in different environments.
During the third quarter, interest rates rose rapidly from the lows reached in the second quarter. This increase in rates was one of the largest and most rapid increases ever experienced by the U.S. fixed income market. This rate volatility was accompanied by spread widening for mortgage-backed securities. These two factors combined to result in a decrease in the value of our mortgage-backed securities portfolio. The resulting environment also caused mortgage-backed securities to continue to experience very high rates of pre-payment which caused yields on these securities to be lower than if pre-payments had been lower. Additionally, volatility of prepayments can make it difficult to target and maintain leverage in the portfolio. The low Federal Funds rate has translated into a lower cost of funds for the Company which partially offsets the impact of high pre-payments.
Our investment banking (capital raising and merger and acquisition, restructuring, and advisory services), institutional brokerage and asset management (including investments), are linked to the capital markets business activities. In addition, our business activities are focused in the financial services, real estate, technology, healthcare, energy and diversified industries sectors. Historically, we have focused on small and mid-cap stocks, although our research coverage and associated brokerage activities increasingly involve larger-cap stocks. By their nature, our business activities are highly competitive and are not only subject to general market conditions, volatile trading markets, and fluctuations in the volume of market activity, but also to the conditions affecting the companies and markets in our areas of focus. As a result, revenues can be subject to significant volatility from period to period.
During the third quarter of 2003, the equity capital markets as a whole and our investment banking business in particular experienced an increase in activity in underwriting and private placement activity as compared to the first two quarters of 2003 and fourth quarter of 2002.
Our investment banking and asset management revenues and net income are subject to substantial positive and negative fluctuations due to a variety of factors that cannot be predicted with great certainty. These factors include the overall condition of the economy and the securities markets as a whole and the sectors on which we focus. For example, a significant portion of the performance based or incentive revenues that we recognize from our venture capital, private equity, and other asset management activities is based on the value of securities held by the funds we manage. The value of these securities includes unrealized gains or losses that may change from
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BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT — (Continued)
one period to another. Although, when market conditions permit, we may take steps to realize or lock-in gains on these securities, these securities are often illiquid, and therefore such steps may not be possible, and the value of these securities is subject to increased market risk. Similarly, investment banking activities and our market share are subject to significant market risk.
Fluctuations in revenues and net income also occur due to the overall level of market activity which, among other things, affects the flow of investment dollars and the size, number, and timing of investment banking transactions. For example, new issue activity was down significantly in the fourth quarter of 2002 and this softness carried over into 2003, but is now showing signs of recovery.
In order to compete in this increasingly competitive environment, we continually evaluate each of our businesses across varying market conditions for competitiveness, profitability and alignment with our long-term strategic objectives, including the diversification of revenue sources. We believe that it is important to diversify and strengthen our revenue base by increasing the segments of our business that offer a recurring and more predictable source of revenue. Our merger with FBR Asset reflects this strategy to diversify and strengthen our revenue base. We may choose, from time to time, to reallocate resources based on the opportunities for profitability and revenue growth for each of our businesses relative to our commitment of resources.
Merger with FBR Asset Investment Corporation
In June 2001, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 141, “Business Combinations,” which provides that all business combinations initiated after June 30, 2001 be accounted for using the purchase method. Under the purchase method, net assets and results of operations of acquired companies are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition. In addition, SFAS 141 provides that the cost of an acquired entity must be allocated to the assets acquired, including identifiable intangible assets, and the liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. The excess of cost over the fair value of the net assets acquired must be recognized as goodwill.
On November 15, 2002, the Company announced that it had entered into a merger agreement with FBR Asset Investment Corporation (“FBR Asset”) and one of its wholly owned subsidiaries, Forest Merger Corporation (“New FBR”), created to effect the merger (the “merger”) of FBR and FBR Asset. At separate special meetings of FBR and FBR Asset shareholders held on March 28, 2003, shareholders of both companies voted to approve the merger. The merger closed before the opening of business on March 31, 2003. The merger was accounted for as a purchase of FBR Asset by FBR Group using the purchase method of accounting. Additionally, the consolidated statements of operations and cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 include the combined results of the Company and FBR Asset for the period from March 31, 2003 to September 30, 2003. For the period from January 1, 2003 through March 30, 2003, the Company accounted for its investment in FBR Asset using the equity method of accounting. The Company believes that the merger provides significant new growth opportunities and business flexibility while increasing the stability of earnings.
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BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT — (Continued)
Upon completion of the merger, pursuant to the merger agreement, FBR Asset merged with and into New FBR, and, immediately following that merger, FBR Group merged with and into New FBR, with New FBR continuing as the surviving company to each merger, and subsequently assuming the name Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. At the time of the merger, each outstanding share of FBR Group Class A common stock was converted into the right to receive one share of New FBR Class A common stock, each outstanding share of FBR Group Class B common stock was converted into the right to receive one share of New FBR Class B common stock, and each outstanding share of FBR Asset common stock was converted into the right to receive 3.65 shares of New FBR Class A common stock.
Upon completion of the merger, the Company elected Real Estate Investment Trust (“REIT”) status for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The Company conducts its mortgage-backed securities and merchant banking investments at the parent company REIT level. To qualify for tax treatment as a REIT, the parent company must meet certain income and asset tests and distribution requirements. The parent company generally will not be subject to federal income tax at the corporate level to the extent that it distributes at least 90 percent of its taxable income to its shareholders and complies with certain other requirements. Further, in order to maintain its status as a REIT, the Company is required to dividend on or before December 31, 2003 FBR Group’s undistributed earnings and profits as of the merger date, estimated to be approximately $9.1 million. Failure to meet these REIT requirements could have a material adverse impact on the Company’s results or financial condition.
Also upon completion of the merger, the Company created FBR TRS Holdings, Inc., a taxable REIT subsidiary holding company, under which the Company conducts its investment banking, institutional brokerage and asset management business in taxable REIT subsidiaries. The taxable REIT subsidiaries are fully subject to corporate income tax. Income from the taxable REIT subsidiaries may be retained by the subsidiaries or distributed to the parent REIT company.
FBR Group’s purchase price of $776.9 million is calculated using the number of shares of New FBR Class A common stock issued in the merger of 85,973,312 (determined as the number of shares of FBR Asset common stock outstanding immediately prior to completion of the merger multiplied by the exchange ratio of 3.65) and an $8.91 per share average trading price of FBR Group common stock for a period of two days before and after the terms of the merger agreement were agreed to and announced and estimated direct merger costs of $10.9 million (the final amount of direct merger costs may differ from this estimate).
A summary of the fair values of the net assets acquired is as follows (in thousands):
Cash | $ | 11,258 | ||
Mortgage-backed securities | 4,658,407 | |||
Equity investments | 97,555 | |||
Interest receivable | 30,207 | |||
Other assets | 1,535 | |||
Repurchase agreements | (4,032,746 | ) | ||
Interest rate swaps | (10,481 | ) | ||
Interest payable | (13,892 | ) | ||
Other liabilities | (3,408 | ) | ||
Adjustment to eliminate FBR Group investment in FBR Asset | (67,786 | ) | ||
Goodwill | 106,213 | |||
Total purchase price, including acquisition costs | $ | 776,862 | ||
The total amount of goodwill represents the cost of FBR Asset in excess of the fair value of the net assets acquired and is not deductible for tax purposes. Under SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” goodwill is not amortized. Instead, this asset is required to be tested at least annually for impairment.
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BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT — (Continued)
The following unaudited pro forma consolidated results are presented as though the merger with FBR Asset had occurred as of January 1, 2002 (in thousands, except per share data).
Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||
Actual 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||
Gross revenues, as reported | $ | 184,960 | $ | 81,712 | $ | 382,938 | $ | 209,336 | ||||
Revenues, net of interest expense, as reported | 161,988 | 81,104 | 338,599 | 207,928 | ||||||||
Net earnings before extraordinary gain, as reported | 56,961 | 15,649 | 121,456 | 42,317 | ||||||||
Gross revenues, pro forma | n/a | $ | 133,697 | $ | 430,182 | $ | 297,170 | |||||
Net revenues, pro forma | n/a | 111,019 | 364,917 | 261,150 | ||||||||
Net earnings before extraordinary gain, pro forma | n/a | 47,136 | 147,282 | 99,279 | ||||||||
Earnings per common share | ||||||||||||
Basic before extraordinary gain, as reported | $ | 0.42 | $ | 0.34 | $ | 1.14 | $ | 0.92 | ||||
Diluted before extraordinary gain, as reported | $ | 0.41 | $ | 0.32 | $ | 1.11 | $ | 0.88 | ||||
Basic before extraordinary gain, pro forma | n/a | $ | 0.37 | $ | 1.10 | $ | 0.87 | |||||
Diluted before extraordinary gain, pro forma | n/a | $ | 0.36 | $ | 1.08 | $ | 0.85 | |||||
During the period from January 1, 2003 through March 30, 2003, the Company accounted for its investment in FBR Asset using the equity method of accounting and recorded $2.9 million of net investment income in the statements of operations for its proportionate share of FBR Asset’s net income during the period.
During the first nine months of 2002, the Company recorded $16.8 million of net investment income in the statements of operations for its proportionate share of FBR Asset’s net income during the period. In addition, in February 2002, the Company exercised 415,805 warrants to purchase FBR Asset common stock. As a result of this transaction, the Company purchased its interest below book value creating negative goodwill which, in accordance with SFAS 142, the Company recorded an extraordinary gain of $1.4 million.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Three months ended September 30, 2003 compared to three months ended September 30, 2002
Our merger with FBR Asset was completed on March 31, 2003, accordingly, the third quarter 2003 results include the full effects of the merger, and therefore with respect to principal investment activities, the three months ended September 30, 2003 are not comparable to 2002 results. Principal investment revenues include interest income on mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”), realized gains and losses on MBS and equity investments, and dividend income on equity investments. Net income increased from $15.1 million during the third quarter of 2002 to $57.0 million during the third quarter of 2003. This increase is primarily due to increased revenues and realized gains in 2003 as compared to 2002 in our principal investment and capital markets segments. Our 2003 net income also includes $14.5 million of income tax expenses as compared to $2.9 million of income tax expenses being recorded in the third quarter of 2002. Within capital markets our investment banking revenue increased $31.3 million and institutional brokerage revenue increased $5.3 million in 2003 as compared to 2002.
The Company’s revenues increased 126.4% from $81.7 million in 2002 to $185.0 million in 2003 due primarily to revenues associated with our principal investment activities related to the completion of our merger with FBR Asset and increases in revenues from investment banking and institutional brokerage activities.
Underwriting revenue increased 24.6% from $30.1 million in 2002 to $37.5 million in 2003. The increase is attributable to more managed transactions completed in 2003 as compared to 2002. During the third quarter of 2003, the Company managed 11 public offerings raising $1.2 billion and generating $37.5 million in revenues. During the third quarter of 2002, the Company managed three public offerings raising $672.5 million and
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generating $30.1 million in revenues. The average size of underwritten transactions for which we were a lead or co-manager decreased from $224.2 million in 2002 to $104.9 million in 2003.
Corporate finance revenue increased 96.9% from $26.2 million in 2002 to $51.6 million in 2003 due primarily to two large private placements completed in 2003. In total, the Company completed four private placements in 2003 generating $48.9 million in revenues compared to three private placements generating $25.2 million in revenues in 2002. M&A and advisory fee revenue increased from $1.0 million in 2002 to $2.7 million in 2003 due primarily to one large advisory assignment completed in 2003. The Company did not complete any M&A transactions in 2003 as compared to two in 2002.
During the third quarter of 2003, the Company recorded investment banking gains of $1.1 million. This amount includes $0.9 million of gains related to common shares and $0.2 million related to warrants all received in connection with capital raising activities. Of this amount, $0.8 million was unrealized as of September 30, 2003.
Institutional brokerage revenue from principal transactions increased 14% from $5.7 million in 2002 to $6.5 million in 2003 as a result of increases in both trading gains and trading volume. Institutional brokerage agency commissions increased 52% from $8.6 million in 2002 to $13.1 million in 2003 as a result of increases in trading volume.
Asset management base management fees decreased 22.2% from $7.2 million in 2002 to $5.6 million in 2003 as a result of the elimination of fees earned from FBR Asset. Asset management incentive allocations and fees decreased 58% from $4.3 million in 2002 to $1.8 million in 2003 primarily as a result of the elimination of fees earned from FBR Asset.
Asset management net investment income (loss) increased 218.5% from $(2.7) million in 2002 to $3.2 million in 2003. Net investment income in 2003 includes $2.5 million of net investment income from investments in proprietary investment partnerships and $0.7 million of net investment income from other investments. Net investment loss in 2002 includes $3.6 million of net investment income generated from our investment in FBR Asset offset by $(6.3) million of net investment loss from investments in managed vehicles.
Asset management technology sector net investment and incentive loss decreased 68.2% from $(2.2) million in 2002 to $(0.7) million in 2003. Technology sector net investment and incentive loss in 2003 was from investments in venture capital proprietary investment partnerships, of which $(0.3) million was associated with Technology Venture Partners I (“TVP I”) and Technology Venture Partners II (“TVP II”). Technology sector net investment and incentive loss in 2002 was from investments in venture capital proprietary investment partnerships and other managed vehicles and, to a lesser extent, from a third party fund that was invested primarily in public securities.
Regarding our principal investment activities, interest income on mortgage-backed securities totaled $46.8 million during the third quarter of 2003. As of September 30, 2003, the Company had investments in 289 mortgage-backed securities that had a fair value of $8.4 billion. The weighted average book value of the Company’s mortgage-backed securities portfolio was $7.9 billion for the three months ended September 30, 2003. For the three months ended September 30, 2003, the weighted average annual yield on the Company’s mortgage-backed securities was 2.37%. In addition, the Company realized $14.4 million in gains during the three months ended September 30, 2003, including $13.9 million relating to equity investments and $.5 million relating to mortgage-backed securities. The Company also recorded $1.3 million in dividend income from our equity investment portfolio for the three months ended September 30, 2003.
Interest expense increased from $0.6 million in 2002 to $23.0 million in 2003 reflecting the effects of the funding requirements of the Company’s principal investing activities initiated at the time of the merger with FBR Asset. During the third quarter of 2003, the Company had weighted average borrowings of $7.8 billion
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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — (Continued)
outstanding under repurchase agreements and commercial paper borrowings with a weighted average borrowing rate of 1.12%, including the effects of outstanding interest rate swaps, and 1.13% without the effect of interest rate swaps. The weighted-average term to maturity of our repurchase agreement and commercial paper borrowings were 19.4 days and 30.3 days, respectively as of September 30, 2003. The net effect of our interest rate swap agreements, including purchase accounting basis adjustments, on interest expense was to reduce expense by $0.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2003.
Total expenses increased 43.4% from $63.1 million in 2002 to $90.5 million in 2003 due primarily to increases in variable compensation and business development costs both associated with increased revenue in 2003.
Compensation and benefits expense increased 47.7% from $45.7 million in 2002 to $67.5 million in 2003. This increase was primarily due to an increase in variable compensation associated with investment banking and institutional brokerage as a result of increased revenues. As a percentage of net revenues, compensation and benefits expense decreased from 56.4% in 2002 to 41.7% in 2003.
Business development and professional services increased 29.9% from $8.7 million in 2002 to $11.3 million in 2003 primarily due to increases in travel and legal costs associated with the increased investment banking activity.
Clearing and brokerage fees increased 50% from $1.4 million in 2002 to $2.1 million in 2003 due to increased institutional brokerage revenue. As a percentage of institutional brokerage revenue, clearing and brokerage fees increased 4% from 10.0% in 2002 to 10.4% in 2003.
Occupancy and equipment expense increased 4.4% from $2.3 million in 2002 to $2.4 in 2003 primarily due to the opening of a new office in the fourth quarter of 2002, offset in part by cost containment.
Communications expense increased 50% from $2.0 million in 2002 to $3.0 million in 2003 primarily due to increased costs related to market data and customer trading services.
Other operating expenses increased 43.3% from $3.0 million in 2002 to $4.3 million in 2003 primarily due to significantly increased D&O and E&O insurance premiums due to market conditions as well as additional coverage obtained subsequent to our merger with FBR Asset. The total increase in premiums year over year are $0.7 million. In addition, other operating expenses in 2003 reflect an increase in 12B-1 fees and fund distribution fees of $0.3 million related to increased mutual fund assets under management, and in miscellaneous office operations expenses of $0.2 million.
The total income tax provision increased from $2.9 million in 2002 to $14.5 million in 2003 due to increased taxable income in 2003 as compared to 2002. For the three months ended September 30, 2003, the Company’s income tax provision relates entirely to income attributable to its taxable REIT subsidiaries and its effective tax rate at these subsidiaries was 39.1%.
As of December 31, 2001, the Company had a NOL carryforward to offset future taxable income. As of that date, the Company had provided a full valuation allowance against its NOL and other deferred tax assets based upon its ongoing assessment of realizability. Based on the Company’s year-to-date operating results during the first nine months of 2002 in which earnings were in excess of the NOL carryforward, and based on available evidence and estimates of full year earnings for 2002, the Company began providing for income taxes and recorded an income tax provision of $2.34 million (net of the reversal of deferred tax asset valuation allowance) relating to net income before extraordinary gain for the three months ended September 30, 2002. Previously during 2002, based on the NOL, operating results and estimates relative to future results, no provision for income taxes was recorded. Additionally, the Company recorded an income tax provision of $.54 million related to the extraordinary gain recorded in the first quarter which was a change in estimate based on current and estimated earning the year ended December 31, 2002. The Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2002 was 16%.
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Nine months ended September 30, 2003 compared to nine months ended September 30, 2002
Our merger with FBR Asset was completed on March 31, 2003, accordingly, the second and third quarter 2003 results include the full effects of the merger, and therefore with respect to principal investment activities, the nine months ended September 30, 2003 are not comparable to 2002 results. Principal investment revenues include interest income on MBS, realized gains and losses on MBS and equity investments, and dividend income on equity investments. Net income increased from $43.2 million in 2002 to $121.5 million in 2003. This increase is primarily due to increased revenues and realized gains in 2003 as compared to 2002 in our principal investment and capital markets segments. Our 2003 net income also includes a $23.5 million provision for taxes as compared to $2.9 million tax provision in 2002. Within capital markets, our investment banking revenue increased $31.3 million and institutional brokerage revenue increased $2.1 million as compared to 2002.
The Company’s revenues increased 82.9% from $209.3 million in 2002 to $382.9 million in 2003 primarily due to revenues associated with our principal investment activities related to the completion of our merger with FBR Asset and increased investment banking revenues.
Underwriting revenue increased 3.8% from $67.7 million in 2002 to $70.3 million in 2003. The increase is attributable to larger fees on the deals completed in 2003 as compared to 2002. During the first nine months of 2003, the Company managed 23 public offerings raising $3.1 billion and generating $70.3 million in revenues. During the first nine months of 2002, the Company managed 27 public offerings raising $3.3 billion and generating $67.7 million in revenues. Underwriting revenue during the first nine months of 2002 included $10.9 million in fees associated with FBR-Asset’s three secondary offerings in January, April and June 2002. The average size of underwritten transactions for which we were a lead or co-manager increased from $120.5 million in 2002 to $133.7 million in 2003.
Corporate finance revenue increased 48.8% from $47.5 million in 2002 to $70.7 million in 2003 due primarily to larger fees on private placement transactions completed in 2003. The Company completed five private placements generating $61.2 million in revenues in 2003 compared to six private placements generating $32.1 million in revenues in 2002. M&A and advisory fee revenue decreased from $15.4 million in 2002 to $9.5 million in 2003 due to a decrease in the number of deals completed in 2003. In 2002, the Company completed 11 M&A transactions compared to five completed transactions in 2003.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2003, the Company recorded investment banking gains of $9.8 million. This amount includes $4.4 million of gains related to common shares and $5.4 million related to warrants all received in connection with capital raising activities. Of this amount, $9.5 million was unrealized as of September 30, 2003.
Institutional brokerage revenue from principal transactions decreased 20.3% from $21.2 million in 2002 to $16.9 million in 2003 partially due to higher trading losses in 2003. Net trading losses were $(0.9) million in 2003 compared to a $0.7 million gain in 2002. Institutional brokerage agency commissions increased 23.4% from $27.3 million in 2002 to $33.7 million in 2003. The Company believes that this increase is due to the fact that it has continued to achieve greater penetration of institutional accounts through broader research coverage and sales and trading services.
Asset management base management fees decreased 10.1% from $20.8 million in 2002 to $18.7 million in 2003 primarily due to the elimination of fees earned from FBR Asset subsequent to the merger, offset by an increase in fees earned from our other managed vehicles. Asset management incentive allocations and fees decreased 5.6% from $9.0 million in 2002 to $8.5 million in 2003 primarily due to an increase of incentive allocations from investment partnerships of $3.0 million offset by reduced incentive fees from FBR Asset based on the timing of the merger.
Asset management net investment income increased 25.4% from $11.8 million in 2002 to $14.8 million in 2003. Net investment income in 2003 includes: $2.9 million of net investment income generated from our
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investment in FBR Asset, $8.1 million of net investment income from investments in proprietary investment partnerships and $3.8 million of net investment income from other investments. Net investment income in 2002 includes: $16.8 million of net investment income generated from our investment in FBR Asset, offset by $(5.0) million of net investment loss from investments in managed vehicles, and $0.2 million of realized gains related to available-for-sale securities offset by $(0.2) million of net investment loss related to losses on our marketable securities.
In February 2002, the Company exercised 415,805 warrants of FBR Asset. As a result of this transaction, the Company’s purchase price was below its interest in the net assets acquired creating negative goodwill which, in accordance with SFAS 142, the Company recorded as an extraordinary gain of $1.4 million.
Asset management technology sector net investment and incentive loss decreased 78.9% from $(5.7) million in 2002 to $(1.2) million in 2003. Technology sector net investment and incentive loss in 2003 was primarily from investments in venture capital proprietary investment partnerships and other managed vehicles, of which $(0.8) million was associated with TVP I and TVP II, and, to a lesser extent, from a third party fund that was invested primarily in public securities. Technology sector net investment and incentive loss in 2002 was primarily from investments in venture capital proprietary investment partnerships and other managed vehicles, of which $(1.6) million was associated with TVP I and TVP II, and, to a lesser extent, from a third party fund that was invested primarily in public securities.
Regarding our principal investment activities, interest income from MBS totaled $98.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2003. As of September 30, 2003, the Company had investments in 289 mortgage-backed securities that had a fair value of $8.4 billion. Based on the timing of our merger with FBR Asset at the end of the first quarter 2003, substantially all of our interest income from MBS was recorded in the second and third quarters of 2003. For the nine months ended September 30, 2003, the weighted average annual yield on the Company’s mortgage-backed securities was 2.76%. In addition, the Company realized $32.2 million in gains during the nine months ended September 30, 2003, including $24.4 million relating to equity investments and $7.8 million relating to MBS. The Company also recorded $3.7 million in dividend income from our equity investment portfolio for the nine months ended September 30, 2003.
Interest expense increased from $1.4 million in 2002 to $44.3 million in 2003 reflecting the effects of the funding requirements of the Company’s principal investing activities initiated at the time of the merger with FBR Asset. During the nine months ended September 30, 2003, the Company had weighted average borrowings of $4.7 billion outstanding under repurchase agreements and commercial paper borrowings with a weighted average borrowing rate of 1.18%, including the effects of outstanding interest rate swaps, and 1.20% without the effect of interest rate swaps. The weighted-average term to maturity of our repurchase agreement and commercial paper borrowings were 19.4 days and 30.3 days, respectively as of September 30, 2003. The net effect of our interest rate swap agreements, including purchase accounting basis adjustments, on interest expense was to reduce expense by $0.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2003.
Total expenses increased 18.6% from $163.3 million in 2002 to $193.6 million in 2003 due primarily to increases in variable compensation, business development and professional services and clearing and brokerage fees, all associated with increased revenue in 2003.
Compensation and benefits expense increased 17.1% from $115.5 million in 2002 to $135.2 million in 2003. This increase was primarily due to an increase in variable compensation associated with investment banking and institutional brokerage as a result of increased revenues. As a percentage of net revenues, compensation and benefits expense decreased from 55.5% in 2002 to 39.9% in 2003.
Business development and professional services increased 21.3% from $23.0 million in 2002 to $27.9 million in 2003 primarily due to marketing costs incurred in 2003 associated with our sponsorship of the PGA Tour’s FBR Capital Open and costs associated with hosting a technology investors conference for which there
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are not comparable 2002 costs. In addition travel and legal costs increased in 2003 due to increased investment banking activity. These new costs and cost increases were offset by a decrease in sub-advisory fees relating to our asset management activities.
Clearing and brokerage fees increased 28.2% from $3.9 million in 2002 to $5.0 million in 2003. As a percentage of institutional brokerage revenue, clearing and brokerage fees increased from 8.0% in 2002 to 10.0% in 2003. This percentage increase is attributable to new clearing and execution arrangements finalized during the first quarter of 2002, the terms of which were implemented retroactively, resulting in lower transaction and execution costs during the first quarter of 2002.
Occupancy and equipment expense increased 3% from $6.6 million in 2002 to $6.8 million in 2003. The slight increase is attributable to opening a new office in the fourth quarter of 2002 offset in part by cost containment.
Communications expense increased 17.5% from $6.3 million in 2002 to $7.4 million primarily due to increased costs related to market data and customer trading services.
Other operating expenses increased 41.3% from $8.0 million in 2002 to $11.3 million in 2003 primarily due to significantly increased D&O and E&O insurance premiums due to market conditions as well as additional coverage obtained subsequent to our merger with FBR Asset. The total increase in premiums year over year are $1.7 million. In addition, other operating expenses in 2003 reflect an increase in 12B-1 and fund distribution fees of $0.3 million related to increased mutual fund assets under management, directors’ fees of $0.2 million, service fees associated with the MBS portfolio of $0.2 million, charitable contributions of $0.2 million, and miscellaneous office operations expenses of $0.7 million.
The total income tax provision increased from $2.9 million in 2002 to $23.5 million in 2003 due to increased taxable income in 2003 as compared to 2002. The Company’s tax provision for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 relates to income during the period prior to the effective date of the merger with FBR Asset and the Company’s REIT election as well as to income generated subsequently that was attributable to our taxable REIT subsidiaries. The Company’s effective tax rate relating to this income for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 was approximately 39%.
As of December 31, 2001, the Company had a NOL carryforward to offset future taxable income. As of that date, the Company had provided a full valuation allowance against its NOL and other deferred tax assets based upon its ongoing assessment of realizability. Based on the Company’s year-to-date operating results during the first nine months of 2002 in which earnings were in excess of the NOL carryforward, and based on available evidence and estimates of full year earnings for 2002, the Company began providing for income taxes and recorded an income tax provision of $2.34 million (net of the reversal of deferred tax asset valuation allowance) relating to net income before extraordinary gain for the three months ended September 30, 2002. Previously during 2002, based on the NOL, operating results and estimates relative to future results, no provision for income taxes was recorded. Additionally, the Company recorded an income tax provision of $.54 related to the extraordinary gain recorded in the first quarter which was a change in estimate based on current and estimated earning the year ended December 31, 2002. The Company’s effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2002 was 6.2%.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Liquidity is a measurement of the Company’s ability to meet potential cash requirements including ongoing commitments to repay borrowings, fund investments, loan acquisition and lending activities, and for other general business purposes. In addition, regulatory requirements applicable to the Company’s broker-dealer and banking subsidiaries require minimum capital levels for these entities. The primary sources of funds for liquidity consist of borrowings under repurchase agreements, principal and interest payments on mortgage-backed securities, dividends on equity securities, proceeds from sales of those securities, proceeds from issuances of Trust Preferred securities, internally generated funds, equity capital contributions, and credit provided by banks,
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clearing brokers, and affiliates of our principal clearing broker. Potential future sources of liquidity for the Company include existing cash balances, borrowing capacity through margin accounts, bank lines of credit, and future issuances of common stock, preferred stock, or debt.
The Company believes that its existing cash balances, cash flows from operations, and borrowing capacity under collateralized repurchase agreements, including its Master Repurchase Agreement with Georgetown Funding, LLC (“Georgetown Funding”) a commercial paper conduit (see discussion below), will be sufficient to meet its investment objectives and fund operating expenses. The Company has obtained, and believes it will be able to continue to obtain, short-term financing in amounts and at interest rates consistent with the Company’s financing objectives. Our policy is to evaluate strategic business opportunities, including acquisitions and divestitures, as they arise. If the Company were to pursue such an opportunity, the Company might seek debt or equity financings, in public or private transactions, to provide capital for corporate purposes and/or strategic business opportunities. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to generate sufficient funds from future operations, or raise sufficient debt or equity on acceptable terms, to take advantage of investment opportunities that become available. Should the Company’s needs ever exceed these sources of liquidity, the Company believes that our mortgage-backed and equity securities could be sold, in most circumstances, to provide cash.
We have used, and may continue to use, temporary subordinated loans in connection with regulatory capital requirements to support our underwriting activities. At September 30, 2003, we had no outstanding short-term borrowings outstanding under our $40 million subordinated line-of-credit from an affiliate of FBR & Co.’s clearing broker that expires August 2004. Borrowings under this line are allowable for net capital purposes. In addition, at September 30, 2003, we had $45.6 million of long-term debt representing Trust Preferred securities and acquisition related debt.
In August 2003, the Company formed Georgetown funding, a special purpose Delaware limited liability company organized for the purpose of issuing extendable commercial paper notes in the asset-backed commercial paper market and entering into reverse repurchase agreements with the Company and its affiliates. The Company serves as administrator for Georgetown Funding’s commercial paper program. Through its administration agreement the Company maintains effective control over Georgetown Funding and therefore consolidates Georgetown Funding for financial reporting purposes. The commercial paper notes issued by Georgetown Funding are rated A1+/P1 by Standard & Poor’s and Moody’s Investors Service, respectively. In August 2003, the Company entered into an uncommitted Master Repurchase Agreement with Georgetown Funding under which the Company may finance up to $5 billion of mortgage-backed securities.
At September 30, 2003, through Georgetown Funding the Company had $4.0 billion of commercial paper outstanding and additionally had $3.9 billion outstanding under repurchase agreements with several financial institutions. The Company’s leverage ratio at the end of the third quarter was 7.5 to 1 (measured by debt to equity). At September 30, 2003, the weighted average remaining maturity of the Company’s borrowings was 136.1 days, including the effect of outstanding interest rate swap agreements, and 25.0 days without the effect of outstanding interest rate swaps. The weighted average cost of funds on outstanding borrowings at September 30, 2003 was 1.15%, both including and without the effect of outstanding interest rate swap agreements.
Our principal assets consist of MBS, cash and cash equivalents, receivables, long-term investments, and securities held for trading purposes. As of September 30, 2003, liquid assets consisted primarily of cash and cash equivalents of $252.1 million. Cash equivalents consist primarily of money market funds invested in debt obligations of the U.S. government. In addition, we held $8.4 billion in MBS, $254.8 million in long-term investments, and $6.7 million in liquid marketable trading securities at September 30, 2003.
Long-term investments primarily consist of investments in marketable equity and non-public equity securities, managed partnerships (including hedge, private equity, and venture capital funds), in which we serve as managing partner, our investment in Capital Crossover Partners (a partnership we do not manage), and our
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investment in a long-term, mezzanine, debt instrument of a privately held company. Although our investments in hedge and venture capital funds and other limited partnerships are mostly illiquid, the underlying investments of such entities are, in the aggregate, mostly publicly-traded, liquid equity and debt securities, some of which may be restricted due to contractual “lock-up” requirements. During the third quarter of 2003, the Company made a merchant banking investment of $25 million in Quanta Capital Holdings.
The following table provides additional detail regarding the Company’s merchant banking investments as of September 30, 2003.
September 30, 2003 | ||||||||
Merchant Banking Investments | Shares | Cost Basis | Fair Value | |||||
Accredited Home Lenders Holding Company(1) | 510,697 | $ | 4,080 | $ | 11,087 | |||
American Financial Realty Trust(1) | 3,763,441 | 39,554 | 53,065 | |||||
AmeriCredit Corp. | 3,200,000 | 10,560 | 32,960 | |||||
Franklin Bank Corporation(2) | 600,000 | 6,000 | 6,000 | |||||
MCG Capital Corporation | 625,000 | 6,100 | 9,750 | |||||
Oxford Finance Corporation(2) | 500,000 | 3,750 | 3,750 | |||||
Quanta Capital Holdings(1),(2) | 2,688,172 | 25,000 | 25,000 | |||||
Saxon Capital, Inc. | 1,000,000 | 12,930 | 17,140 | |||||
Private debt investments | — | 7,500 | 7,500 | |||||
Other | — | 3,494 | 3,503 | |||||
Total Merchant Banking Investments | $ | 118,968 | $ | 169,755 | ||||
(1) | As of September 30, 2003, the Company is restricted from selling its shares based on the terms of its purchase. |
(2) | As of September 30, 2003, these shares are not registered for public trading. |
Unrealized gains or losses related to our investments that are included in “accumulated other comprehensive income” in our balance sheet totaled $50.7 million as of September 30, 2003. If and when we liquidate these or determine that a decline in value of these investments is “other than temporary,” a portion or all of the gains or losses will be recognized as investment income (loss) in the statement of operations during the period in which the liquidation or determination is made. Our investment portfolio is exposed to potential future downturns in the markets and private debt and equity securities are exposed to deterioration of credit quality, defaults, and downward valuations. On a quarterly basis, we review the valuations of our private debt and equity investments. If and when we determine that the net realizable value of these investments is less than our carrying value, we will reflect the reduction as an investment loss.
Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc. (“FBR&Co.”), FBR Investment Services, Inc. (“FBRIS”) and Pegasus Capital Corporation (“Pegasus”) as broker-dealers, are registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and are members of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. Additionally, Friedman, Billings, Ramsey International, Ltd. (“FBRIL”) is registered with the Financial Services Authority (“FSA”) of the United Kingdom. As such, they are subject to the minimum net capital requirements promulgated by the SEC and FSA. As of September 30, 2003, FBR & Co. had regulatory net capital as defined of $78.1 million, FBRIS had regulatory net capital as defined of $0.3, Pegasus had regulatory net capital as defined of $0.08 million, and FBRIL had regulatory net capital as defined of $3.3 million, each of which exceeded the amount required. Regulatory net capital requirements increase when the broker/ dealers are involved in underwriting activities based upon a percentage of the amount being underwritten.
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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES — (Continued)
Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require FBR National Trust Company to maintain minimum capital levels and ratios of tangible and core capital (defined in the regulations) to total adjusted assets (as defined), and of total capital (as defined) to risk-weighted assets (as defined). As of September 30, 2003, the most recent notification from the Office of the Comptroller of Currency (OCC) categorized FBR National Trust Company as “well-capitalized” under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. To be categorized as well capitalized, FBR National Trust Company must maintain minimum tangible core and risk-based ratios. There are no conditions or events since that notification that the Company believes have changed FBR National Trust Company’s “well-capitalized” status.
As of September 30, 2003, we had $7.6 million of uncalled commitments to various investment partnerships that may be called over the next ten years. As of September 30, 2003 and subsequently, the Company has made commitments to purchase approximately $2.5 billion in hybrid ARM securities.
In April 2003, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a new share repurchase program in which the Company may repurchase up to 14 million of shares of the Company’s Class A common stock from time to time. Under a previous share repurchase program, during the three months ended March 31, 2003, the Company repurchased 976,000 shares of its Class A common stock at a cost of $8.2 million. There were no other share repurchases during 2003.
In October 2003, the Company completed a follow-on offering of 26,450,000 shares (including over-allotment option) of Class A common stock at a price of $17.00 per share. FBR & Co. was the sole book runner of the offering. The net proceeds from the offering, after deducting underwriting discounts and offering expenses are estimated to be approximately $430 million. The Company plans to use the net proceeds to invest in mortgage-backed securities, equity securities, and for other general corporate purposes.
In October 2003, the Company, through its taxable REIT holding company subsidiary FBR TRS Holdings, Inc. and a wholly owned subsidiary grantor trust formed by FBR TRS Holdings, Inc., issued $10 million of preferred securities (“Trust Preferred securities”). The Trust Preferred securities accrue and pay interest quarterly at an annual rate of three-month LIBOR plus 3.00%, mature in thirty years, and are redeemable, in whole or in part, without penalty after five years. The Company used the proceeds from the issuance to invest in additional mortgage-backed securities. The Trust Preferred securities will be treated as debt for financial reporting purposes.
As of September 30, 2003, approximately 4.1 million of employee stock options have been exercised during 2003 providing approximately $29 million in proceeds to the Company.
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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Market risk generally represents the risk of loss through a change in realizable value that can result from a change in the prices of equity securities, a change in the value of financial instruments as a result of changes in interest rates, a change in the volatility of interest rates or, a change in the credit rating of an issuer. The Company is exposed to the following market risks as a result of its investments in mortgage-backed securities and equity investments. Except for trading securities held by FBR & Co., none of these investments is held for trading purposes.
Interest Rate Risk
Leveraged MBS
The Company is subject to interest-rate risk as a result of its investments in mortgage-backed securities and its financing with repurchase agreements, all of which are interest rate sensitive financial instruments. The Company is exposed to interest rate risk that fluctuates based on changes in the level or volatility of interest rates and mortgage prepayments and in the shape and slope of the yield curve. The Company attempts to hedge a portion of its exposure to rising interest rates primarily through the use of paying fixed and receiving floating interest rate swaps and Eurodollar futures contracts. The counterparties to the Company’s interest rate swap agreements at September 30, 2003 are U.S. financial institutions.
The Company’s primary risk is related to changes in both short and long term interest rates, which affect the Company in several ways. As interest rates increase, the market value of the mortgage-backed securities may be expected to decline, prepayment rates may be expected to go down, and duration may be expected to extend. An increase in interest rates is beneficial to the market value of the Company’s swap position as the cash flows from receiving the floating rate portion increase and the fixed rate paid remains the same under this scenario. If interest rates decline, the reverse is true for mortgage-backed securities, paying fixed and receiving floating interest rate swaps.
The Company records its interest-rate swap agreements at fair value. The differential between amounts paid and received under the interest rate swap agreements is recorded as an adjustment to the interest expense incurred under the repurchase agreements. In addition, the Company records the ineffectiveness of its hedges, if any, in interest expense. In the event of early termination of an interest rate swap agreement, the Company receives or makes a payment based on the fair value of the instrument, and the related deferred gain or loss recorded in other comprehensive income is amortized into income or expense over the original hedge period.
The table that follows shows the expected change in market value for the Company’s current mortgage-backed securities and interest-rate swaps under several hypothetical interest-rate scenarios. Interest rates are defined by the U.S. Treasury yield curve. The changes in rates are assumed to occur instantaneously. It is further assumed that the changes in rates occur uniformly across the yield curve and that the level of LIBOR changes by the same amount as the yield curve. Actual changes in market conditions are likely to be different from these assumptions.
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Interest Rate Risk — (Continued)
Changes in value are measured as percentage changes from their respective values presented in the column labeled “Value at September 30, 2003.” Actual results could differ significantly from these estimates. The change in value of the mortgage-backed securities also incorporates assumptions regarding prepayments, which are based on a third party’s proprietary model. This model forecasts prepayment speeds based, in part, on each security’s issuing agency (Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac), coupon, age, prior exposure to refinancing opportunities, the interest rate distribution of the underlying loans, and an overall analysis of historical prepayment patterns under a variety of past interest rate conditions (in thousands).
Value at September 30, 2003(1) | Value of MBS and swaps at September 30, 2003 with 100 basis point increase in interest rates | Percent Change | Value of MBS and swaps at September 30, 2003 with 100 basis point decrease in interest rates | Percent Change | ||||||||||||||
Assets | ||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities | $ | 8,408,164 | $ | 8,327,123 | (0.96 | )% | $ | 8,479,382 | 0.85 | % | ||||||||
Other | 809,647 | 809,647 | 809,647 | |||||||||||||||
Total Assets | $ | 9,217,811 | $ | 9,136,770 | (0.88 | )% | $ | 9,289,029 | 0.77 | % | ||||||||
Liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||
Interest-rate swaps(2) | $ | 3,877 | $ | (21,390 | ) | (651.72 | )% | $ | 29,144 | 651.72 | % | |||||||
Other | 8,145,781 | 8,145,781 | 8,145,781 | |||||||||||||||
Total Liabilities | 8,149,658 | 8,124,391 | (0.31 | )% | 8,174,925 | 0.31 | % | |||||||||||
Shareholders’ Equity | ||||||||||||||||||
Common stock | 1,401 | 1,401 | 1,401 | |||||||||||||||
Paid-in-capital | 1,002,663 | 1,002,663 | 1,002,663 | |||||||||||||||
Employee stock loan receivable | (24,338 | ) | (24,338 | ) | (24,338 | ) | ||||||||||||
Deferred compensation | (2,216 | ) | (2,216 | ) | (2,216 | ) | ||||||||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income | 54,652 | (1,122 | ) | (102.05 | )% | 100,603 | 84.08 | % | ||||||||||
Retained earnings | 35,991 | 35,991 | 35,991 | |||||||||||||||
Total Shareholders’ Equity | 1,068,153 | 1,012,379 | (5.22 | )% | 1,114,104 | 4.30 | % | |||||||||||
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity | $ | 9,217,811 | $ | 9,136,770 | (0.88 | )% | $ | 9,289,029 | 0.77 | % | ||||||||
Book Value per Share | $ | 7.84 | $ | 7.43 | (5.23 | )% | $ | 8.18 | 4.34 | % | ||||||||
(1) | Includes accrued interest. |
(2) | The carrying value of the interest rate swaps in the Company’s financial statements equals $(3,877). See Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements at page 13. The fair values of the interest rate swaps are based on quoted market prices as of September 30, 2003. |
As shown above, the mortgage-backed securities portfolio generally will benefit less from a decline in interest rates than it will be adversely affected by a same scale increase in interest rates. This may effectively limit an investor’s upside potential in a market rally.
Other
The value of the Company’s direct investments in other companies is also likely to be affected by significant changes in interest rates. For example, many of the companies are exposed to risks similar to those identified above as being applicable to the Company’s direct investments. Additionally, changes in interest rates
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often affect market prices of equity securities. Because each of the companies in which the Company invests has its own interest rate risk management process, it is not feasible for us to quantify the potential impact that interest rate changes would have on the stock price or the future dividend payments by any of the companies in which the Company has invested.
Equity Price Risk
The Company is exposed to equity price risk as a result of its investments in marketable equity securities, investment partnerships, and trading securities. Equity price risk changes as the volatility of equity prices changes or the values of corresponding equity indices change.
While it is impossible to exactly project what factors may affect the prices of equity sectors and how much the effect might be, the table below illustrates the impact a ten percent increase and a ten percent decrease in the price of the equities held by the Company would have on the value of the total assets and the book value of the Company as of September 30, 2003 (in thousands).
Value at September 30, 2003 | Value of Equity at September 30, 2003 with 10% Increase in Price | Percent Change | Value at September 30, 2003 with 10% Decrease in Price | Percent Change | ||||||||||||||
Assets | ||||||||||||||||||
Marketable equity securities | $ | 127,505 | $ | 140,256 | 10.00 | % | $ | 114,755 | (10.00 | %) | ||||||||
Equity method investments | 55,374 | 60,911 | 10.00 | % | 49,837 | (10.00 | %) | |||||||||||
Other long-term investments | 71,951 | 71,951 | 71,951 | |||||||||||||||
Trading securities | 6,745 | 7,420 | 10.00 | % | 6,071 | (10.00 | %) | |||||||||||
Other | 8,956,236 | 8,956,236 | 8,956,236 | |||||||||||||||
Total Assets | $ | 9,217,811 | $ | 9,236,774 | 0.21 | % | $ | 9,198,850 | (0.21 | %) | ||||||||
Liabilities | $ | 8,149,658 | $ | 8,149,658 | $ | 8,149,658 | ||||||||||||
Shareholders’ Equity | ||||||||||||||||||
Common stock | 1,401 | 1,401 | 1,401 | |||||||||||||||
Paid-in-capital | 1,002,663 | 1,002,663 | 1,002,663 | |||||||||||||||
Employee stock loan receivable | (24,338 | ) | (24,338 | ) | (24,338 | ) | ||||||||||||
Deferred compensation | (2,216 | ) | (2,216 | ) | (2,216 | ) | ||||||||||||
Accumulated comprehensive income | 54,652 | 67,403 | 23.33 | % | 41,903 | (23.33 | %) | |||||||||||
Retained earnings | 35,991 | 42,203 | 17.26 | % | 29,779 | (17.26 | %) | |||||||||||
Total Shareholders’ Equity | 1,068,153 | 1,087,116 | 1.78 | % | 1,049,192 | (1.78 | %) | |||||||||||
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity | $ | 9,217,811 | $ | 9,236,774 | 0.21 | % | $ | 9,198,850 | (0.21 | %) | ||||||||
Book Value per Share | $ | 7.84 | $ | 7.98 | 1.79 | % | $ | 7.70 | (1.79 | %) | ||||||||
Except to the extent that the Company sells its marketable equity securities or other long term investments, or a decrease in their market value is deemed to be other than temporary, an increase or decrease in the market value of those assets will not directly affect the Company’s earnings, however an increase or decrease in the value of equity method investments as well as trading securities will directly effect the Company’s earnings.
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Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s principal executive officers, Emanuel J. Friedman and Eric F. Billings, and principal financial officer, Kurt R. Harrington, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined under Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon that evaluation, Emanuel J. Friedman, Eric F. Billings and Kurt R. Harrington concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective in timely alerting them to material information relating to the Company (including its consolidated subsidiaries) required to be included in the Company’s periodic SEC filings.
There has been no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2003 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
Forward-Looking Statements
This Form 10-Q includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Some of the forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking words such as “believes”, “expects,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “seeks,” “approximately,” “intends,” “plans,” “estimates” or “anticipates” or the negative of those words or other comparable terminology. Such statements include, but are not limited to, those relating to the effects of growth, our principal investment activities, levels of assets under management and our current equity capital levels. Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties. You should be aware that a number of important factors could cause our actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements. These factors include, but are not limited to, the effect of demand for public offerings, activity in the secondary securities markets, interest rates, interest spreads, and mortgage prepayment speeds, the risks associated with merchant banking investments, available technologies, competition for business and personnel, and general economic, political, and market conditions. We will not necessarily update the information presented or incorporated by reference in this Form 10-Q if any of these forward-looking statements turn out to be inaccurate. For a more detailed discussion of the risks affecting our business see our Form 10-K for 2002 and especially the section “Risk Factors.”
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Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K
(a) Exhibits
31 | (a) | Certification of Emanuel J. Friedman, Co-Chief Executive Officer of Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
31 | (b) | Certification of Eric F. Billings, Co-Chief Executive Officer of Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
31 | (c) | Certification of Kurt R. Harrington, Chief Financial Officer of Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
32 | (a) | Certification of Emanuel J. Friedman, Co-Chief Executive Officer of Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
32 | (b) | Certification of Eric F. Billings, Co-Chief Executive Officer of Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
32 | (c) | Certification of Kurt R. Harrington, Chief Financial Officer of Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
(b) Reports on Form 8-K
• | September 2, 2003: Announcement that on August 25, 2003, the Corporation entered into an uncommitted Master Repurchase Agreement with Georgetown Funding, LLC (copy of which was attached) under which the Corporation may finance up to $5 billion of its portfolio of U.S. Government agency mortgage-backed securities. |
• | September 11, 2003: Press Release announcing Third Quarter dividend of $.34 per share. |
• | September 17, 2003: A copy of the slide presentation used at the Wall Street Analyst Forum on September 17, 2003 by Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. was furnished. |
• | October 8, 2003: Underwriting Agreement, dated October 2, 2003, between Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. (the “Company”), on the one hand, and Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc., J.P. Morgan Securities Inc., Banc of America Securities LLC, Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, Inc., BB&T Capital Markets, a Division of Scott & Stringfellow, Inc., Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated, Credit Lyonnais Securities (USA) Inc., Flagstone Securities and Scotia Capital (USA) Inc., on the other hand, in connection with (1) the sale of 23,000,000 shares (the “Initial Shares”) of the Company’s Class A common stock, $0.01 par value per share (the “Class A Common Stock”), and (2) the grant of an option to purchase all or any part of 3,450,000 additional shares of Class A Common Stock to cover over-allotments, if any, pursuant to the Company’s Prospectus Supplement dated October 2, 2003, and accompanying base Prospectus dated September 26, 2003, included as part of the Registration Statement on Form S-3, as amended (No. 333-107731) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. |
• | October 29, 2003: Third Quarter 2003 Earnings Press Release; Unaudited Condensed Pro Forma Consolidated Statements of Operations and Related Notes for the Three Month Period ended September 30, 2002. |
• | October 31, 2003: Script of the Third Quarter 2003 Earnings Conference Call, held on October 29, 2003. |
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Table of Contents
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. | ||
By: | /s/ KURT R. HARRINGTON | |
Kurt R. Harrington Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) |
Date: November 14, 2003
By: | /s/ ROBERT J. KIERNAN | |
Robert J. Kiernan Vice President, Controller and Chief Accounting Officer (Principal Accounting Officer) |
Date: November 14, 2003
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