Western Alliance Bancorporation (WAL) 10-K25 Feb 252024 FY Annual reportFinancial data

Company Profile

Cover

Cover - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Cover - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Feb. 18, 2025	Jun. 30, 2024
Entity Information [Line Items]
Document Type	10-K
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2024
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Annual Report	true
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-32550
Entity Registrant Name	WESTERN ALLIANCE BANCORPORATION
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	88-0365922
Entity Address, Address Line One	One E. Washington Street, Suite 1400
Entity Address, City or Town	Phoenix
Entity Address, State or Province	AZ
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	85004
City Area Code	602
Local Phone Number	389-3500
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	Yes
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag	true
Document Financial Statement Error Correction [Flag]	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Public Float			$ 6,730
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		110,454,292
Documents Incorporated by Reference	Portions of the registrant’s definitive proxy statement for its 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this report.
Entity Central Index Key	0001212545
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Amendment Flag	false
Auditor Location	Austin, Texas
Auditor Name	RSM US LLP
Auditor Firm ID	49
Common Stock, $0.0001 Par Value
Entity Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, $0.0001 Par Value
Trading Symbol	WAL
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Noncumulative Preferred Stock
Entity Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	Depositary Shares, Each Representing a 1/400th Interest in a Share of 4.250% Fixed-Rate Reset Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A
Trading Symbol	WAL PrA
Security Exchange Name	NYSE

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Assets:
Cash and due from banks	$ 320	$ 276
Interest bearing deposits in other financial institutions	3,776	1,300
Cash and cash equivalents	4,096	1,576
Fair value	13,468	11,165
Amortized cost	1,510	1,421
Investment securities - equity	117	126
Investments in restricted stock, at cost	232	281
Loans HFS	2,286	1,402
Loans:
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	53,676	50,297
Less: allowance for credit losses	(373.8)	(336.7)
Net loans held for investment	53,302	49,960
Mortgage servicing rights	1,127	1,124
Premises and equipment, net	361	339
Operating lease right of use asset	128	145
Bank owned life insurance	1,011	186
Goodwill and intangible assets, net	659	669
Deferred tax assets, net	281	287
Investments in LIHTC and renewable energy	606	573
Other assets	1,750	1,608
Total assets	80,934	70,862
Deposits:
Non-interest bearing	18,846	14,520
Interest bearing	47,495	40,813
Total deposits	66,341	55,333
Other borrowings	5,573	7,230
Qualifying debt	899	895
Operating lease liability	159	179
Other liabilities	1,255	1,147
Total liabilities	74,227	64,784
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock (par value $0.0001; 20,000,000 authorized; 30,000 shares (12,000,000 depositary shares) issued and outstanding and liquidation value per depositary share of $25 at December 31, 2024 and 2023)	295	295
Common stock (par value $0.0001; 200,000,000 authorized; 112,897,807 and 112,169,523 shares issued at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively) and additional paid in capital	2,245	2,197
Treasury stock, at cost (2,845,201 and 2,703,218 shares at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively)	(125)	(116)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(534)	(513)
Retained earnings	4,826	4,215
Total stockholders’ equity	6,707.5	6,078.4
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$ 80,934	$ 70,862

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Pa

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Amortized cost, AFS	$ 14,178	$ 11,849
ACL, AFS	0.4	1.4
Investment securities - HTM, ACL	16.4	7.8
Investment securities - HTM Fair value	$ 1,309	$ 1,251
Preferred stock, par value (dollars per share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Preferred stock, liquidation value (dollars per share)	$ 25	$ 25
Preferred stock, shares authorized (shares)	20,000,000	20,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (shares)	30,000	30,000
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (shares)	30,000	30,000
Depository shares issued (shares)	12,000,000	12,000,000
Depository shares outstanding (shares)	12,000,000	12,000,000
Common stock, par value (dollars per share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, shares authorized (shares)	200,000,000	200,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (shares)	112,897,807	112,169,523
Treasury stock, at cost (shares)	2,845,201	2,703,218
Loans HFS	$ 2,286	$ 1,402

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS - USD ($) shares in Millions, $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Interest income:
Loans, including fees	$ 3,629.1	$ 3,409.7	$ 2,393.4
Investment securities	703.6	459.9	265.6
Dividends and other	208.4	165.7	32.8
Total interest income	4,541.1	4,035.3	2,691.8
Interest expense:
Deposits	1,600.2	1,142.6	276.4
Qualifying debt	38	37.9	35
Other borrowings	284	515.9	164.1
Total interest expense	1,922.2	1,696.4	475.5
Net interest income	2,618.9	2,338.9	2,216.3
Provision for credit losses	145.9	62.6	68.1
Net interest income after provision for credit losses	2,473	2,276.3	2,148.2
Non-interest income:
Service charges and loan fees	96	101	49.5
Net gain on loan origination and sale activities	206.3	193.5	104
Net loan servicing revenue	121.5	102.3	130.9
Income from equity investments	38.2	15.7	17.8
Income from bank owned life insurance	27.8	4.5	4.6
Gain (loss) on sales of investment securities	17.4	(40.8)	6.8
Fair value gain (loss) adjustments, net	7.5	(116)	(28.6)
Other income	28.5	20.5	39.6
Non-interest income (loss)	543.2	280.7	324.6
Non-interest expense:
Salaries and employee benefits	631.1	566.3	539.5
Deposit costs	693.2	436.7	165.8
Insurance	164.8	190.4	31.1
Data processing	149.7	122	83
Legal, professional, and directors' fees	109.4	107.2	99.9
Occupancy	73.1	65.6	55.5
Loan servicing expenses	68.1	58.8	55.5
Business development and marketing	32.7	21.8	22.1
Loan acquisition and origination expenses	21.5	20.4	23.1
Extinguishment of debt	0	(52.7)	0
Other non-interest expense (1)	81.4	86.9	81.2
Total non-interest expense	2,025	1,623.4	1,156.7
Income before provision for income taxes	991.2	933.6	1,316.1
Income tax expense	203.5	211.2	258.8
Net income	787.7	722.4	1,057.3
Dividends on preferred stock	12.8	12.8	12.8
Net income available to common stockholders	$ 774.9	$ 709.6	$ 1,044.5
Earnings per share:
Earnings per share, basic (dollars per share)	$ 7.14	$ 6.55	$ 9.74
Earnings per share, diluted (dollars per share)	$ 7.09	$ 6.54	$ 9.70
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding, basic (shares)	108.6	108.3	107.2
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding, diluted (shares)	109.3	108.5	107.6
Dividends declared per common share
Dividends declared per common share (dollars per share)	$ 1.49	$ 1.45	$ 1.42

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMP

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net income	$ 787.7	$ 722.4	$ 1,057.3
Other comprehensive income (loss), net:
Unrealized (loss) gain on AFS securities, net of tax effect of $0.9, $(41.4), and $225.3, respectively	(5.1)	116.9	(674.9)
Unrealized loss on SERP, net of tax effect of $0.0, $—, and $—, respectively	(0.1)	0	0
Unrealized (loss) gain on junior subordinated debt, net of tax effect of $0.5, $0.1, and $(1.2), respectively	(1.4)	(0.2)	3.7
Realized (gain) loss on sale of AFS securities included in income, net of tax effect of $4.4, $(10.2), and $1.9, respectively	(13)	30.2	(5.5)
Impairment of AFS securities included in income, net of tax effect of $0.4, $(0.4), and $— respectively	(1.2)	1.2	0
Net other comprehensive (loss) income	(20.8)	148.1	(676.7)
Comprehensive income	$ 766.9	$ 870.5	$ 380.6

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CO_2

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Unrealized (loss) gain on AFS securities, tax effect	$ 0.9	$ (41.4)	$ 225.3
Unrealized gain (loss) on SERP, tax effect	0	0	0
Unrealized gain (loss) on junior subordinated debt, tax effect	0.5	0.1	(1.2)
Realized gain (loss) on sale of securities, tax	4.4	(10.2)	1.9
Realized loss on impairment of AFS securities, tax effect	$ 0.4	$ (0.4)	$ 0

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOC

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($) $ in Millions		Total	Preferred Stock	Common Stock, $0.0001 Par Value		Additional Paid in Capital	Treasury Stock	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Retained Earnings
Beginning balance (shares) at Dec. 31, 2021			12,000,000	106,600,000
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2021		$ 4,962.6	$ 294.5	$ 0		$ 1,966.2	$ (86.8)	$ 15.7	$ 2,773
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income		1,057.3							1,057.3
Restricted stock, performance stock units, and other grants, net (shares)				600,000
Restricted stock, performance stock units, and other grants, net		$ 39.8				39.8
Restricted stock surrendered (shares)		(200,745)		(200,000)	[1]
Restricted stock surrendered	[1]	$ (18.5)					(18.5)
Stock issuance, net (shares)				1,900,000
Stock issuance, net				$ 157.7		157.7
Dividends paid to preferred stockholders		(12.8)							(12.8)
Dividends paid to common stockholders		(153.4)							(153.4)
Other comprehensive income, net		(676.7)						(676.7)
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2022		5,356	$ 294.5	$ 0		2,163.7	(105.3)	(661)	3,664.1
Ending balance (shares) at Dec. 31, 2022			12,000,000	108,900,000
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income		722.4							722.4
Restricted stock, performance stock units, and other grants, net (shares)				700,000
Restricted stock, performance stock units, and other grants, net		$ 34.4				34.4
Restricted stock surrendered (shares)		(152,452)		(200,000)	[1]
Restricted stock surrendered	[1]	$ (11)					(11)
Dividends paid to preferred stockholders		(12.8)							(12.8)
Dividends paid to common stockholders		(158.7)							(158.7)
Other comprehensive income, net		148.1						148.1
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2023		6,078.4	$ 294.5	$ 0		2,198.1	(116.3)	(512.9)	4,215
Ending balance (shares) at Dec. 31, 2023			12,000,000	109,400,000
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income		787.7							787.7
Restricted stock, performance stock units, and other grants, net (shares)				700,000
Restricted stock, performance stock units, and other grants, net		$ 47.7				47.7
Restricted stock surrendered (shares)		(141,983)		(100,000)	[1]
Restricted stock surrendered	[1]	$ (8.7)					(8.7)
Dividends paid to preferred stockholders		(12.8)
Dividends paid to common stockholders		(164)							(164)
Other comprehensive income, net		(20.8)						(20.8)
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2024		$ 6,707.5	$ 294.5	$ 0		$ 2,245.8	$ (125)	$ (533.7)	$ 4,825.9
Ending balance (shares) at Dec. 31, 2024			12,000,000	110,000,000

[1] Share amounts represent treasury shares, see "Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" for further discussion.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Millions		12 Months Ended
		Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income		$ 787.7	$ 722.4	$ 1,057.3
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:
Provision for credit losses		145.9	62.6	68.1
Depreciation and amortization		94.4	63	52.4
Stock-based compensation		47.7	34.3	39.8
Deferred income taxes		12.4	(24.9)	(68.6)
Amortization of net discounts for investment securities		(207.3)	(84)	21.1
Amortization of tax credit investments		75.2	64.3	63.2
Amortization of operating lease right of use asset		24.1	23.5	22.2
Amortization of net deferred loan fees and net purchase premiums		(85.6)	(84)	(73.6)
Purchases and originations of loans HFS		(48,667.3)	(42,720.9)	(45,407)
Proceeds from sales and payments on loans HFS		45,752.4	42,168.1	47,285
Mortgage servicing rights capitalized upon sale of mortgage loans		(922.8)	(864.5)	(719.7)
Net losses (gains) on:
Change in fair value of loans HFS, mortgage servicing rights, and related derivatives		(9.4)	87.8	(73.9)
Fair value adjustments		(16.3)	122	22.3
Sale of investment securities		(17.4)	40.8	(6.8)
Extinguishment of debt		0	(52.7)	0
Other operating activities, net		(20.6)	(1.1)	2.2
Other assets and liabilities, net		264.9	114.7	(38.7)
Net cash provided by operating activities		(2,742)	(328.6)	2,245.3
Investment securities - AFS
Purchases		(16,789.7)	(15,144.7)	(2,396.3)
Principal pay downs and maturities		10,306.1	10,036.3	604.2
Proceeds from sales		4,525.3	1,532.6	177
Investment securities - HTM
Purchases		(131.5)	(201.6)	(281.9)
Principal pay downs and maturities		33.8	62.1	100.6
Equity securities carried at fair value
Purchases		(0.7)	(0.6)	(36.2)
Redemptions		15	9	6.9
Proceeds from sales		0	1.5	14.1
Proceeds from sale of mortgage servicing rights and related holdbacks, net		908.3	798.2	391.9
Purchase of other investments		(135.5)	(245.1)	(346.6)
Proceeds from bank owned life insurance, net		1.7	0.7	0
Net (increase) decrease in loans HFI		(3,816)	1,106.8	(11,172.8)
Purchase of premises, equipment, and other assets, net		(83.8)	(114.3)	(141)
Purchase of bank owned life insurance		(800)	0	0
Cash consideration paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired		0	0	(50)
Net cash used in investing activities		(5,967)	(2,159.1)	(13,130.1)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net increase in deposits		11,002	1,688.9	6,032.1
Net proceeds from issuance of long-term debt		3,000	9.9	578.4
Payments on long-term debt		(1,025.7)	(818.1)	(30.7)
Net (decrease) increase in short-term borrowings		(1,562.4)	2,341.3	4,859
Net proceeds from repurchase obligations		0	2,661.8	0
Payments on repurchase obligations		0	(2,681)	0
Cash paid for tax withholding on vested restricted stock and other		(8.7)	(11)	(18.5)
Cash dividends paid on common and preferred stock		(176.8)	(171.5)	(166.2)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net		0.1	0.1	157.7
Net cash provided by financing activities		11,228.5	3,020.4	11,411.8
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents		2,519.5	532.7	527
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period		1,576.1	1,043.4	516.4
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period		4,095.6	1,576.1	1,043.4
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest		1,941.6	1,581	452.9
Income taxes, net		1.3	63.6	197.6
Non-cash activities:
Net increase in unfunded commitments and obligations		111.4	77.1	259.3
Transfers of securitized loans HFS to AFS securities		123	276.5	205
Transfer of EBO loans previously classified as HFS to HFI		0	0	1,638.1
Transfer of EBO loans previously classified as HFS to HFI		2.5	2,357.2	780
Transfer of loans HFI to HFS, net of fair value loss adjustment	[1]	267.2	6,646.8	0
Transfers of mortgage-backed securities in settlement of secured borrowings		2,090.4	557.3	$ 610.5
Transfer of loans HFI to HFS, operating		$ 461.3	$ 531.6

[1]Activity for years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 excludes $461.3 million and $531.6 million, respectively, of loans transferred with an original designation of HFS, whose sales activity was classified as operating cash flows .

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CA_2

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Statement of Cash Flows [Abstract]
Transfer of loans HFI to HFS, operating	$ 461.3	$ 531.6

Summary of Significant Accounti

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	12 Months Ended
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Dec. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Nature of operations WAL is a bank holding company headquartered in Phoenix, Arizona, incorporated under the laws of the state of Delaware. WAL provides a full spectrum of customized loan, deposit and treasury management capabilities, including funds transfer and other digital payment offerings through its wholly-owned banking subsidiary, WAB , together with its banking divisions: ABA, BON, FIB, Bridge, and TPB. The Company also serves business customers through a national platform of specialized financial services, including mortgage banking services through AmeriHome and digital payment services for the class action legal industry. In addition, the Company has the following non-bank subsidiaries: CSI, a captive insurance company formed and licensed under the laws of the state of Arizona and established as part of the Company's overall enterprise risk management strategy, and WATC, which provides corporate trust services and levered loan administration solutions. Basis of presentation The accounting and reporting policies of the Company are in accordance with GAAP and conform to practices within the financial services industry. The accounts of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries are included in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Recent accounting pronouncements Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses In November 2024, the FASB issued guidance within ASU 2024-03, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Topic 220) . The amendments in this update require disclosure, in the notes to financial statements, of specified information about certain costs and expenses. Entities will be required to disclose the amounts of employee compensation, depreciation, and intangible asset amortization included in each relevant expense caption. The update also requires entities to include certain amounts that are already required to be disclosed under current GAAP in the same disclosure as the other disaggregation requirements, disclose a qualitative description of the amounts remaining in relevant expense captions that are not separately disaggregated quantitatively, and disclose the total amount of selling expenses and, in annual reporting periods, an entity’s definition of selling expenses. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027 and may be applied on a prospective or retrospective basis. The Company is currently evaluating the impact these amendments will have on its Consolidated Financial Statements. Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures In December 2023, the FASB issued guidance within ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740) . The amendments in this update are intended to increase visibility into various income tax components that affect the reconciliation of the effective tax rate to the statutory rate, as well as the qualitative and quantitative aspects of those components. Public business entities will be required to disclose on an annual basis, specific categories in the rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet or exceed a five percent threshold (computed by multiplying pretax income by the applicable statutory income tax rate) and include disclosure of state and local jurisdictions that make up the majority of the state and local income tax category in the rate reconciliation. Additional disclosure items include disaggregation of income taxes paid to and income tax expense from federal, state, and foreign jurisdictions as well as disaggregation of income taxes paid to individual jurisdictions in which income taxes paid are equal to or greater than five percent of total income taxes paid. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025 and may be applied on a prospective or retrospective basis. The Company is currently evaluating the impact these amendments will have on its Consolidated Financial Statements. Accounting for and Disclosure of Crypto Assets In December 2023, the FASB issued guidance within ASU 2023-08, Intangibles — Goodwill and Other — Crypto Assets (Topic 350) . The amendments in this update require entities that hold certain crypto assets to measure such assets at fair value and recognize any changes in fair value in net income in each reporting period. Entities will also be required to present crypto assets measured at fair value separately from other intangible assets on the balance sheet and changes from the remeasurement of crypto assets separately from changes in the carrying amounts of other intangible assets in the income statement. Other disclosure items include the name, cost basis, fair value, and number of units for each significant crypto asset holding and the aggregate fair values and cost bases of crypto asset holdings that are not individually significant along with a rollforward of activity in the reporting period and disclosure of the method for determining the cost basis of the crypto assets. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, including interim periods within those fiscal years and are applied through a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings (as of the beginning of the annual reporting period of adoption). Although the Company has digital payment offerings, it does not currently hold any crypto assets meeting the criteria outlined in the update. Accordingly, the adoption of this guidance will not have an impact on the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements. Recently adopted accounting guidance Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures In November 2023, the FASB issued guidance within ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280). The amendments in this update are intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures related to significant segment expenses. The amendments did not change how an entity identifies its operating segments, aggregates those operating segments, or applies the quantitative thresholds to determine its reportable segments, and all existing segment disclosure requirements in ASC 280 and other Codification topics remain unchanged. The amendments in this update are incremental and require public entities that report segment information to disclose, on an annual and interim basis, significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker and included within each reported measure of segment profit or loss as well as other segment items. Annual disclosure of the title and position of the chief operating decision maker and how the reported measures of segment profit or loss are used to assess performance and allocation of resources is also required. The Company adopted this guidance beginning with the annual period ending December 31, 2024 and applied these updates on a retrospective basis. Upon adoption, the Company provided additional expense detail within its segment disclosures and there was no impact on the Company's financial position or results of operations. Accounting for Investments in Tax Credit Structures Using the Proportional Amortization Method In March 2023, the FASB issued guidance within ASU 2023-02, Investments — Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323). The amendments in this update permit entities to elect to account for tax equity investments, regardless of the tax credit program from which the income tax credits are received, using the proportional amortization method if certain conditions are met. Previously this option was only permitted for LIHTC investments. Additionally, the amendments in this update require all tax equity investments accounted for using the proportional amortization method to apply the delayed equity contribution guidance in Subtopic 323-740 and disclosure of the nature of an entity's tax equity investments and their effect on an entity's financial position and results of operations. The Company adopted this accounting guidance prospectively on January 1, 2024. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements. Use of estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management's estimates and judgments are ongoing and are based on experience, current and expected future conditions, third-party evaluations and various other assumptions that management believes are reasonable under the circumstances. The results of these estimates form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities, as well as identifying and assessing the accounting treatment with respect to commitments and contingencies. Actual results may differ from those estimates and assumptions used in the Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes. Material estimates susceptible to significant changes in the near term, relate to: 1) the determination of the ACL; 2) certain assets and liabilities carried at fair value; and 3) accounting for income taxes. Principles of consolidation As of December 31, 2024, WAL has the following significant wholly-owned subsidiaries: WAB and eight unconsolidated subsidiaries used as business trusts in connection with the issuance of trust-preferred securities. WAB has the following significant wholly-owned subsidiaries: 1) WABT, which holds certain investment securities, municipal and nonprofit loans, and leases; 2) WA PWI, which holds interests in certain limited partnerships invested primarily in low income housing tax credits and small business investment corporations; 3) BW Real Estate, Inc., which operates as a real estate investment trust and holds certain of WAB's real estate loans and related securities; 4) Helios Prime, which holds interests in certain limited partnerships invested in renewable energy projects; and 5) Western Finance Company, which purchases and originates equipment finance leases and provides mortgage banking services through its wholly-owned subsidiary, AmeriHome. The Company does not have any other significant entities that should be consolidated. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Reclassifications Certain amounts in the Consolidated Income Statements and Note 4. Loans, Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses for the prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation. The reclassifications had no effect on net income or stockholders’ equity as previously reported. Cash and cash equivalents For purposes of reporting cash flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, amounts due from banks (including cash items in process of clearing), interest-bearing balances due from correspondent banks and the FRB, and federal funds sold. Business combinations Business combinations are accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations . Under the acquisition method, the acquiring entity in a business combination recognizes all of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities at their estimated fair values as of the date of acquisition. Any excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets and other identifiable intangible assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. To the extent the fair value of net assets acquired, including identified intangible assets, exceeds the purchase price, a bargain purchase gain is recognized. Assets acquired and liabilities assumed from contingencies are also recognized at fair value if the fair value can be determined during the measurement period, which is no more than one year from the acquisition date. Results of operations of an acquired business are included in the Consolidated Income Statement from the date of acquisition. Acquisition-related costs, including conversion and restructuring charges, are expensed as incurred. Investment securities Investment securities include debt and equity securities. Debt securities may be classified as HTM, AFS, or trading. The appropriate classification is initially decided at the time of purchase. Securities classified as HTM are those debt securities the Company has both the intent and ability to hold to maturity regardless of changes in market conditions, liquidity needs, or general economic conditions. HTM securities are carried at amortized cost. The sale of an HTM security within three months of its maturity date or after the majority of the principal outstanding has been collected is considered a maturity for purposes of classification and disclosure. Securities classified as AFS are debt securities the Company intends to hold for an indefinite period of time, but not necessarily to maturity. AFS securities are carried at their estimated fair value, with unrealized holding gains and losses reported in OCI, net of tax. Any decision to sell a security classified as AFS would be based on various factors, including significant movements in interest rates or market conditions, changes in the maturity mix of the Company’s assets and liabilities, liquidity needs, decline in credit quality, and regulatory capital considerations. When AFS debt securities are sold, the unrealized gains or losses are reclassified from OCI to non-interest income. Trading securities are debt securities bought and held principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term and therefore only held for a short period of time. Trading securities are carried at their estimated fair value, with changes in fair value reported in earnings as non-interest income. Equity securities are carried at their estimated fair value, with changes in fair value reported in earnings as non-interest income. Interest income is recognized based on the coupon rate. For HTM and AFS securities, interest income also includes the amortization of purchase premiums and the accretion of purchase discounts. Premiums and discounts on investment securities are generally amortized or accreted over the contractual life of the security using the interest method. For the Company's mortgage-backed securities, amortization or accretion of premiums or discounts are adjusted for anticipated prepayments. Gains and losses on the sale of investment securities are recorded on the trade date and determined using the specific identification method. A debt security is placed on nonaccrual status at the time its principal or interest payments become 90 days past due. Interest accrued but not received for a security placed on nonaccrual is reversed through interest income. Allowance for credit losses on investment securities The credit loss model under ASC 326-20, applicable to HTM debt securities, requires recognition of lifetime expected credit losses through an allowance account at the time the security is purchased. The Company measures expected credit losses on its HTM debt securities on a collective basis by major security type. The Company's HTM securities portfolio consists of low income housing tax-exempt bonds and private label residential MBS. Low income housing tax-exempt bonds share similar risk characteristics with the Company's CRE, non-owner occupied or construction and land loan pools, given the similarity in underlying assets or collateral. Accordingly, expected credit losses on HTM securities are estimated using the same models and approaches as these loan pools, which utilize risk parameters (PD, LGD and EAD) in the measurement of expected credit losses. The historical data used to estimate probability of default and severity of loss in the event of default is derived or obtained from internal and external sources and adjusted for the expected effects of reasonable and supportable forecasts over the expected lives of the securities. Accrued interest receivable on HTM securities, which is included in Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, is excluded from the estimate of expected credit losses. The credit loss model under ASC 326-30, applicable to AFS debt securities, requires recognition of credit losses through an allowance account with credit losses recognized once securities become impaired. For AFS debt securities, a decline in fair value due to credit loss results in recognition of an ACL. Impairment may result from credit deterioration of the issuer or collateral underlying the security. An assessment to determine whether a decline in fair value resulted from a credit loss is performed at the individual security level. Among other factors, the Company considers: 1) the extent to which the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis; 2) the financial condition and near term prospects of the issuer, including consideration of relevant financial metrics or ratios of the issuer; 3) any adverse conditions related to an industry or geographic area of an issuer; 4) any changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency; and 5) any past due principal or interest payments from the issuer. If an assessment of the above factors indicates a credit loss exists, the Company records an ACL for the excess of the amortized cost basis over the present value of cash flows expected to be collected, limited to the amount that the security's fair value is less than its amortized cost basis. Subsequent changes in the ACL are recorded as a provision for (or recovery of) credit loss expense. Interest accruals and amortization and accretion of premiums and discounts are suspended and any unpaid accrued interest is reversed when a credit loss is recognized in earnings. Any interest received after the security has been placed on nonaccrual status is recognized on a cash basis. Accrued interest receivable on AFS debt securities, which is included in Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, is excluded from the estimate of expected credit losses. For each AFS security in an unrealized loss position, the Company also considers: 1) its intent to hold the security until anticipated recovery of the security's fair value; and 2) whether it is more-likely-than not the Company would be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met, the debt security is written down to its fair value. At such time, any unrealized holding losses recorded in AOCI are reversed and the write-down is charged against the ACL with any incremental impairment recorded in earnings. Charge-offs are made through reversal of the ACL and a direct charge to the amortized cost basis of the AFS security. The Company considers the following events to be indicators that a charge-off should be taken: 1) bankruptcy of the issuer; 2) significant adverse event(s) affecting the issuer in which it is improbable for the issuer to make its remaining payments on the security; and 3) significant loss of value of the underlying collateral behind a security. Recoveries on debt securities, if any, are recorded in the period received. Restricted stock WAB is a member of the Federal Reserve System and, as part of its membership, is required to maintain stock in the FRB in a specified ratio to its capital. In addition, WAB is a member of the FHLB system and, accordingly, maintains an investment in the capital stock of the FHLB based on the borrowing capacity used. These investments are considered equity securities with no actively traded market. Therefore, the shares are considered restricted investment securities. These investments are carried at cost, which is equal to the value at which they may be redeemed. Dividend income received from the stock is reported in interest income. The Company conducts a periodic review and evaluation of its restricted stock to determine if any impairment exists. No impairment has been recorded to date. Loans held for sale The Company's loans HFS primarily consist of purchased and originated 1-4 family residential mortgage loans to be sold or securitized through its mortgage banking business. These loans are reported at either fair value, or the lower of cost or fair value, depending on the acquisition source, as further described below. The Company has generally elected to record loans purchased from correspondent sellers or originated directly to consumers at fair value to more timely reflect the Company's performance. The Company may also elect to record certain delinquent loans repurchased under the terms of the GNMA MBS program, referred to as EBO loans, at fair value. Changes in fair value of loans HFS are reported in current period income as a component of Net gain on loan origination and sale activities in the Consolidated Income Statement. Alternatively, loans repurchased from investors are generally reported at the lower of cost or fair value. For these repurchased loans, the amount by which cost exceeds fair value is accounted for as a valuation allowance and any changes in the valuation allowance are included in Net gain on loan origination and sale activities in the Consolidated Income Statement. The Company recognizes a transfer of loans as a sale when it surrenders control over the transferred loans. Control is considered to be surrendered when the transferred loans have been legally isolated from the Company, the transferee has the right (free of conditions that constrain it from taking advantage of that right) to pledge or exchange the transferred loans, and the Company does not maintain effective control over the transferred loans through either an agreement that entitles or obligates the Company to repurchase or redeem the loans before their maturity or the ability to unilaterally cause the holder to return loans. If the transfer of loans qualifies as a sale, the Company derecognizes such loans. If the transfer of loans does not qualify as a sale, the proceeds from the transfer are accounted for as secured borrowings. Loan acquisition and origination fees on loans HFS consist of fees earned by the Company for purchasing and originating loans and are recognized at the time the loans are purchased or originated. These fees generally represent flat, per loan fee amounts and are included as Net gain on loan origination and sale activities in the Consolidated Income Statement. Recognition of interest income on non-government guaranteed or uninsured loans HFS is suspended and accrued unpaid interest receivable is reversed through interest income when loans become 90 days delinquent or when recovery of income and principal becomes doubtful. Loans return to accrual status when the principal and interest become current and it is probable the amounts are fully collectible. For government guaranteed or insured loans HFS that are 90 days delinquent, the Company generally continues to recognize interest income at a rate between the debenture and notes rates, as adjusted for probability of default, for FHA loans and at the note rate for VA and USDA loans, less estimated losses for certain nonrecoverable expenses. At times, the Company may also transfer loans from its HFI portfolio to HFS. Loans transferred from HFI to HFS will be transferred at the lower of amortized cost basis (adjusted for any charge-offs) or fair value. If the amortized cost basis of the transferred loan exceeds its fair value and the fair value decline is determined to be due to credit quality, a charge-off is recorded against the ACL upon transfer. If the fair value decline is determined not to be credit related, a valuation allowance equal to the difference between the amortized cost and fair value of the loan will be established on the transfer date and any subsequent changes in the valuation allowance will be recognized in earnings. Any ACL previously recorded on transferred loans will be reversed and recognized in earnings at the time of the transfer. If management determines it no longer intends to sell loans classified as HFS, such loans will be transferred to HFI. Loans transferred from HFS to HFI are transferred at amortized cost and any valuation allowance previously recorded is reversed and recognized in earnings at the time of the transfer. The loans are then subject to ACL measurement. Loans held for investment Loans HFI are loans management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or payoff and are reported at amortized cost. Amortized cost is the amount of unpaid principal, adjusted for unamortized net deferred fees and costs, premiums and discounts, and charge-offs. In addition, the amortized cost basis of loans subject to fair value hedges are adjusted for changes in value attributable to the effective portion of the hedged benchmark interest rate risk. The Company may also purchase loans or acquire loans through a business combination. At the purchase or acquisition date, loans are evaluated to determine whether there has been more than insignificant credit deterioration since origination. Loans that have experienced more than insignificant credit deterioration since origination are referred to as PCD loans. In its evaluation of whether a loan has experienced more than insignificant deterioration in credit quality since origination, the Company takes into consideration loan grades, past due and nonaccrual status, and loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. The Company may also consider external credit rating agency ratings for borrowers and for non-commercial loans, FICO score or band, probability of default levels, and number of times past due. At the purchase or acquisition date, the amortized cost basis of PCD loans is equal to the purchase price and an initial estimate of credit losses. The initial recognition of expected credit losses on PCD loans has no impact on net income. When the initial measurement of expected credit losses on PCD loans is calculated on a pooled loan basis, the expected credit losses are allocated to each loan within the pool. Any difference between the initial amortized cost basis and the unpaid principal balance of the loan represents a noncredit discount or premium, which is accreted (or amortized) into interest income over the life of the loan. Subsequent changes to the ACL on PCD loans are recorded through the provision for credit losses. For purchased loans not deemed to have experienced more than insignificant credit deterioration since origination and are therefore not deemed PCD, any discounts or premiums included in the purchase price are accreted (or amortized) over the contractual life of the individual loan. In contrast to PCD loans, the initial estimate of expected credit losses on loans not deemed to have experienced more than insignificant deterioration since origination is recognized in net income. For additional information, see "Note 4. Loans, Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses" of these Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. The Company generally applies the contractual method whereby loan origination fees less direct loan origination costs (net deferred fees), as well as premiums and discounts and certain purchase accounting adjustments, are amortized over the contractual life of the loan through interest income. If a loan has scheduled payments, the amortization of net deferred fees is calculated using the interest method over the contractual life of the loan. If a loan does not have scheduled payments, such as a revolving line of credit, net deferred loan fees are recognized as interest income on a straight-line basis over the term of the revolver. When loans are repaid, any remaining unamortized balances of net deferred fees, premiums, or discounts are recognized as interest income. Net deferred fees on commitments where the likelihood of exercise is more than remote are deferred until the commitment is drawn upon. A proportional amount of the net deferred fees, based on the amount drawn compared to the total commitment, are recognized through interest income using the interest method over the remaining life of the commitment. Upon expiration of the commitment, any remaining unamortized net deferred fees are recognized as non-interest income through Service charges and loan fees. Fees based on a percentage of a customer’s unused line of credit are recognized when the amount is determinable and fees related to standby letters of credit are recognized over the commitment period. These fees are recorded as non-interest income through Service charges and loan fees. Nonaccrual loans When a borrower discontinues making payments as contractually required by the note, the Company must determine whether it is appropriate to continue to accrue interest. The Company ceases accruing interest income when a loan becomes delinquent by more than 90 days or when management determines the full repayment of principal and collection of interest according to contractual terms is no longer likely. Past due status is based on the contractual terms of the loan. The Company may decide to continue to accrue interest on certain loans more than 90 days delinquent if the loans are well-secured by collateral and in the process of collection. For government guaranteed or insured loans that are 90 days delinquent, the Company continues to recognize interest income at a rate between the debenture rate and note rates, as adjusted for probability of default for FHA loans and at the note rate for VA and USDA loans, less estimated losses for certain nonrecoverable expenses. For all loans HFI, when a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, all interest accrued but uncollected is reversed against interest income in the period in which the status is changed, and the Company makes a loan-level decision to apply either the cash basis or cost recovery method. The Company may recognize income on a cash basis when a payment is received on a nonaccrual loan provided the collection of the remaining recorded investment in the loan is deemed to be fully collectible. Under the cost recovery method, subsequent payments received from the customer are applied to principal and generally no further interest income is recognized until the loan principal has been paid in full or until circumstances have changed such that payments are again consistently received as contractually required. Loans are returned to accrual status when all of the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured. Modifications of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty The Company may agree to modify the terms of a loan to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty. Loans graded Substandard or worse are often characterized by inadequate paying capacity of the borrower and therefore, modifications of these loans are generally considered to be made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. The loan terms that may be modified or restructured due to a borrower’s financial situation include principal forgiveness, an interest rate reduction, an other-than-insignificant payment delay, a term extension, or a combination of these terms. Credit quality indicators Loans are regularly reviewed to assess credit quality indicators and to determine appropriate loan classification and grading in accordance with applicable bank regulations. The Company’s risk rating methodology assigns risk ratings ranging from 1 to 9, where a higher rating represents higher risk. The Company differentiates its loan segments based on shared risk characteristics for which expected credit losses are measured on a pool basis. The nine risk rating categories can generally be described by the following groupings for loans: "Pass" (grades 1 through 5): The Company has five pass risk ratings, which represent a level of credit quality that ranges from having no well-defined deficiency or weakness to some noted weakness; however, the risk of default on any loan classified as pass is expected to be remote. The five pass risk ratings are described below: Minimal risk. Consist of loans that are fully secured either with cash held in a deposit account at the Bank or by readily marketable securities with an acceptable margin based on the type of security pledged. Low risk. Consist of loans with a high investment grade rating equ

Investment Securities

Investment Securities	12 Months Ended
Investment Securities	Dec. 31, 2024
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]
Investment Securities	2. INVESTMENT SECURITIES The carrying amounts and fair values of investment securities at December 31, 2024 and 2023 are summarized as follows: December 31, 2024 Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized (Losses) Fair Value (in millions) Held-to-maturity Tax-exempt $ 1,350 $ 1 $ (180) $ 1,171 Private label residential MBS 176 — (38) 138 Total HTM securities $ 1,526 $ 1 $ (218) $ 1,309 Available-for-sale debt securities Residential MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA $ 6,225 $ 16 $ (410) $ 5,831 U.S. Treasury securities 4,385 1 (3) 4,383 Private label residential MBS 1,148 — (201) 947 Tax-exempt 921 — (76) 845 CLO 570 — — 570 Commercial MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA 447 1 (11) 437 Corporate debt securities 407 — (21) 386 Other 75 1 (7) 69 Total AFS debt securities $ 14,178 $ 19 $ (729) $ 13,468 December 31, 2023 Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized (Losses) Fair Value (in millions) Held-to-maturity Tax-exempt $ 1,243 $ 1 $ (140) $ 1,104 Private label residential MBS 186 — (39) 147 Total HTM securities $ 1,429 $ 1 $ (179) $ 1,251 Available-for-sale debt securities U.S. Treasury securities $ 4,853 $ 1 $ (1) $ 4,853 Residential MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA 2,328 3 (359) 1,972 CLO 1,407 1 (9) 1,399 Private label residential MBS 1,320 1 (204) 1,117 Tax-exempt 925 — (67) 858 Commercial MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA 531 8 (9) 530 Corporate debt securities 411 — (44) 367 Other 74 4 (9) 69 Total AFS debt securities $ 11,849 $ 18 $ (702) $ 11,165 In addition, the Company held equity securities, which primarily consisted of preferred stock and CRA investments, with a fair value of $117 million and $126 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Unrealized gains (losses) on equity securities of $5.1 million and $(1.3) million for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, were recognized in earnings as a component of Fair value gain (loss) adjustments, net. Securities with carrying amounts of approximately $4.0 billion and $7.7 billion at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, were pledged for various purposes as required or permitted by law. The following tables summarize the Company's AFS debt securities in an unrealized loss position, aggregated by major security type and length of time in a continuous unrealized loss position: December 31, 2024 Less Than Twelve Months More Than Twelve Months Total Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value (in millions) Available-for-sale debt securities Residential MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA $ 18 $ 1,793 $ 392 $ 1,482 $ 410 $ 3,275 U.S. Treasury securities 3 2,185 — — 3 2,185 Private label residential MBS — — 201 939 201 939 Tax-exempt 1 32 75 813 76 845 Corporate debt securities (1) — — 21 362 21 362 Commercial MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA 10 220 1 16 11 236 Other 2 32 5 25 7 57 Total AFS securities $ 34 $ 4,262 $ 695 $ 3,637 $ 729 $ 7,899 (1) Includes securities with an ACL that have a fair value of $8 million and unrealized losses of $1 million. December 31, 2023 Less Than Twelve Months More Than Twelve Months Total Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value (in millions) Available-for-sale debt securities U.S. Treasury securities $ 1 $ 2,208 $ — $ — $ 1 $ 2,208 Residential MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA 3 174 356 1,551 359 1,725 Private label residential MBS — — 204 1,020 204 1,020 CLO — — 9 845 9 845 Tax-exempt 3 67 64 773 67 840 Corporate debt securities (1) — — 44 359 44 359 Commercial MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA — — 9 53 9 53 Other — — 9 54 9 54 Total AFS securities $ 7 $ 2,449 $ 695 $ 4,655 $ 702 $ 7,104 (1) Includes securities with an ACL that have a fair value of $54 million and unrealized losses of $8 million. The total number of AFS debt securities in an unrealized loss position at December 31, 2024 is 796, compared to 708 at December 31, 2023. On a quarterly basis, the Company performs an impairment analysis on its AFS debt securities in an unrealized loss position at the end of the period to determine whether credit losses should be recognized on these securities. Qualitative considerations made by the Company in its impairment analysis are further discussed below. Government Issued Securities U.S. Treasury securities and commercial and residential MBS are issued by either government agencies or GSEs. These securities are either explicitly or implicitly guaranteed by the U.S. government, and are highly rated by major rating agencies. Further, principal and interest payments on these securities continue to be made on a timely basis. Non-Government Issued Securities Qualitative factors used in the Company's credit loss assessment of its securities that are not issued and guaranteed by the U.S. government include consideration of any adverse conditions related to a specific security, industry, or geographic region of its securities, any credit ratings below investment grade, the payment structure of the security and the likelihood of the issuer to be able to make payments that increase in the future, and failure of the issuer to make any scheduled principal or interest payments. For the Company's corporate debt and tax-exempt securities, the Company also considers various metrics of the issuer including days of cash on hand, the ratio of long-term debt to total assets, the net change in cash between reporting periods, and consideration of any breach in covenant requirements. The Company's corporate debt securities are primarily investment grade, issuers continue to make timely principal and interest payments, and the unrealized losses on these security portfolios primarily relate to changes in interest rates and other market conditions not considered to be credit-related issues. The Company continues to receive timely principal and interest payments on its tax-exempt securities and the majority of these issuers have revenues pledged for payment of debt service prior to payment of other types of expenses. The Company performed a targeted impairment analysis on its AFS debt securities issued by regional banks held in its corporate debt securities portfolio. The Company considered the issuers' credit ratings, probability of default, and other factors. As a result of the analysis, a $1.0 million recovery of credit losses was recognized during the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to an $18.5 million provision of credit losses during the year ended December 31, 2023. The provision for credit losses for the year ended December 31, 2023 included recognition of a $17.1 million charge-off for one debt security issued by a regional bank that was sold. The Company does not intend to sell and it is more likely than not the Company will not be required to sell the remainder of these regional bank debt securities prior to their anticipated recovery, therefore, no additional credit losses on the Company's remaining portfolio have been recognized during the year ended December 31, 2024. For the Company's private label residential MBS, which consist of non-agency collateralized mortgage obligations secured by pools of residential mortgage loans, the Company also considers metrics such as securitization risk weight factor, current credit support, whether there were any mortgage principal losses resulting from defaults in payments on the underlying mortgage collateral, and the credit default rate over the last twelve months. These securities primarily carry investment grade credit ratings, principal and interest payments on these securities continue to be made on a timely basis, and credit support for these securities is considered adequate. The Company's CLO portfolio consists of highly rated securitization tranches, containing pools of medium to large-sized corporate, high yield loans. These are variable rate securities that have an investment grade rating of Single-A or better. Unrealized losses on these securities are primarily a function of the differential from the offer price and the valuation mid-market price as well as changes in interest rates. Unrealized losses on the Company's other securities portfolio relate to taxable municipal and trust preferred securities. The Company is continuing to receive timely principal and interest payments on its taxable municipal securities, these securities continue to be highly rated, and the number of days of cash on hand is strong. The Company's trust preferred securities are investment grade and the issuers continue to make timely principal and interest payments. The following tables present a rollforward by major security type of the ACL on the Company's AFS debt securities: Year Ended December 31, 2024 Balance, Recovery of Credit Losses Charge-offs Recoveries Balance, (in millions) Available-for-sale securities Corporate debt securities $ 1.4 $ (1.0) $ — $ — $ 0.4 Year Ended December 31, 2023 Balance, Provision for Credit Losses Charge-offs Recoveries Balance (in millions) Available-for-sale securities Corporate debt securities $ — $ 18.5 $ (17.1) $ — $ 1.4 The credit loss model under ASC 326-20, applicable to HTM debt securities, requires recognition of lifetime expected credit losses through an allowance account at the time the security is purchased. The following tables present a rollforward by major security type of the ACL on the Company's HTM debt securities: Year Ended December 31, 2024 Balance, Provision for Credit Losses Charge-offs Recoveries Balance, (in millions) Held-to-maturity debt securities Tax-exempt $ 7.8 $ 8.6 $ — $ — $ 16.4 Year Ended December 31, 2023 Balance, Provision for Credit Losses Charge-offs Recoveries Balance (in millions) Held-to-maturity debt securities Tax-exempt $ 5.2 $ 2.6 $ — $ — $ 7.8 No allowance has been recognized on the Company's HTM private label residential MBS as losses are not expected due to the Company holding a senior position in these securities. Accrued interest receivable on HTM securities totaled $5 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, and is excluded from the estimate of expected credit losses. The following tables summarize the carrying amount of the Company’s investment ratings position as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, which are updated quarterly and used to monitor the credit quality of the Company's securities: December 31, 2024 AAA Split-rated AAA/AA+ AA+ to AA- A+ to A- BBB+ to BBB- BB+ and below Unrated Totals (in millions) Held-to-maturity Tax-exempt $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,350 $ 1,350 Private label residential MBS — — — — — — 176 176 Total HTM securities (1) $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,526 $ 1,526 Available-for-sale debt securities Residential MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA $ — $ 5,831 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 5,831 U.S. Treasury securities — 4,383 — — — — — 4,383 Private label residential MBS 921 — 26 — — — — 947 Tax-exempt 9 19 348 375 — — 94 845 CLO 50 — 465 55 — — — 570 Commercial MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA — 437 — — — — — 437 Corporate debt securities — — — 78 226 82 — 386 Other — 1 8 2 40 1 17 69 Total AFS securities (1) $ 980 $ 10,671 $ 847 $ 510 $ 266 $ 83 $ 111 $ 13,468 Equity securities Preferred stock $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 50 $ 29 $ 12 $ 91 CRA investments — 26 — — — — — 26 Total equity securities (1) $ — $ 26 $ — $ — $ 50 $ 29 $ 12 $ 117 (1) For rated securities, if ratings differ, the Company uses an average of the available ratings by major credit agencies. December 31, 2023 AAA Split-rated AAA/AA+ AA+ to AA- A+ to A- BBB+ to BBB- BB+ and below Unrated Totals (in millions) Held-to-maturity Tax-exempt $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,243 $ 1,243 Private label residential MBS — — — — — — 186 186 Total HTM securities (1) $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,429 $ 1,429 Available-for-sale debt securities U.S. Treasury securities $ — $ 4,853 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 4,853 Residential MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA — 1,972 — — — — — 1,972 CLO 79 — 1,265 55 — — — 1,399 Private label residential MBS 1,090 — 26 — — 1 — 1,117 Tax-exempt 9 16 361 386 — — 86 858 Commercial MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA — 530 — — — — — 530 Corporate debt securities — — — 76 211 80 — 367 Other — — 9 11 28 4 17 69 Total AFS securities (1) $ 1,178 $ 7,371 $ 1,661 $ 528 $ 239 $ 85 $ 103 $ 11,165 Equity securities Preferred stock $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 54 $ 35 $ 11 $ 100 CRA investments — 26 — — — — — 26 Total equity securities (1) $ — $ 26 $ — $ — $ 54 $ 35 $ 11 $ 126 (1) For rated securities, if ratings differ, the Company uses an average of the available ratings by major credit agencies. A security is considered to be past due once it is 30 days contractually past due under the terms of the agreement. As of December 31, 2024, the Company did not have a significant amount of investment securities that were past due or on nonaccrual status. The amortized cost and fair value of the Company's debt securities as of December 31, 2024, by contractual maturities, are shown below. MBS are shown separately as individual MBS are comprised of pools of loans with varying maturities. Therefore, these securities are listed separately in the maturity summary. December 31, 2024 Amortized Cost Estimated Fair Value (in millions) Held-to-maturity Due in one year or less $ 35 $ 35 After one year through five years 9 9 After five years through ten years 117 105 After ten years 1,189 1,022 Mortgage-backed securities 176 138 Total HTM securities $ 1,526 $ 1,309 Available-for-sale Due in one year or less $ 4,404 $ 4,402 After one year through five years 172 167 After five years through ten years 548 531 After ten years 1,234 1,153 Mortgage-backed securities 7,820 7,215 Total AFS securities $ 14,178 $ 13,468 The following table presents gross gains and losses on sales of investment securities: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 (in millions) Available-for-sale securities Gross gains $ 19.6 $ 4.0 $ 7.5 Gross losses (2.2) (44.4) (0.2) Net gain (loss) on AFS securities $ 17.4 $ (40.4) $ 7.3 Equity securities Gross gains $ — $ — $ — Gross losses — (0.4) (0.5) Net loss on equity securities $ — $ (0.4) $ (0.5) During the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, the Company sold AFS securities with a carrying value of $4.5 billion, $1.6 billion and $170 million, respectively, and recognized a net gain (loss) of $17.4 million, $(40.4) million, and $7.3 million, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2024, U.S. Treasury securities and MBS were sold to secure gains, while CLOs were sold as part of the Company's efforts to shift the investment portfolio mix toward high quality liquid assets. During the year ended December 31, 2023, losses on AFS securities sales related primarily to sales of CLO securities that were executed as part of the Company's balance sheet repositioning strategy. Lastly, during the year ended December 31, 2022, AFS securities sales were largely related to the Company's interest rate management actions to secure gains on tax-exempt municipal securities that were purchased at a discount at the onset of the pandemic.

Loans Held For Sale

Loans Held For Sale	12 Months Ended
Loans Held For Sale	Dec. 31, 2024
Receivables [Abstract]
Loans Held For Sale	3. LOANS HELD FOR SALE The Company purchases and originates residential mortgage loans primarily through its AmeriHome mortgage banking business channel that are held for sale or securitization. The following is a summary of loans HFS by type: December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Government-insured or guaranteed: EBO (1) $ — $ 2 Non-EBO 764 498 Total government-insured or guaranteed 764 500 Agency-conforming 1,502 899 Non-agency 20 3 Total loans HFS $ 2,286 $ 1,402 (1) EBO loans are delinquent FHA, VA, or USDA loans purchased from GNMA pools under the terms of the GNMA MBS program that can be repooled when loans are brought current either through the borrower's reperformance or through completion of a loan modification. The following is a summary of the net gain on loan purchase, origination, and sale activities on residential mortgage loans to be sold or securitized: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Mortgage servicing rights capitalized upon sale of loans $ 922.8 $ 864.5 Net proceeds from sale of loans (1) (820.0) (785.6) Provision for and change in estimate of liability for losses under representations and warranties, net 5.0 5.2 Change in fair value (17.0) 15.0 Change in fair value of derivatives: Unrealized gain (loss) on derivatives 61.4 (18.4) Realized (loss) gain on derivatives (3.3) 55.4 Total change in fair value of derivatives 58.1 37.0 Net gain on residential mortgage loans HFS $ 148.9 $ 136.1 Loan acquisition and origination fees 57.4 57.4 Net gain on loan origination and sale activities $ 206.3 $ 193.5 (1) Represents the difference between cash proceeds received upon settlement and loan basis. 4. LOANS, LEASES AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES The composition of the Company's HFI loan portfolio is as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Warehouse lending $ 8,207 $ 6,618 Municipal & nonprofit 1,620 1,554 Tech & innovation 3,383 2,808 Equity fund resources 884 845 Other commercial and industrial 9,175 7,452 CRE - owner occupied 1,675 1,658 Hotel franchise finance 3,815 3,855 Other CRE - non-owner occupied 6,342 5,974 Residential 12,961 13,287 Residential - EBO 972 1,223 Construction and land development 4,468 4,862 Other 174 161 Total loans HFI 53,676 50,297 Allowance for credit losses (374) (337) Total loans HFI, net of allowance $ 53,302 $ 49,960 Loans classified as HFI are stated at the amount of unpaid principal, adjusted for net deferred fees and costs, premiums and discounts on acquired and purchased loans, and an ACL. Net deferred loan fees of $106 million and $108 million reduced the carrying value of loans as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Net unamortized purchase premiums on acquired and purchased loans of $175 million and $177 million increased the carrying value of loans as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans Loans are placed on nonaccrual status when management determines the full repayment of principal and collection of interest according to contractual terms is no longer likely, generally when the loan becomes 90 days or more past due. The following tables present nonperforming loan balances by loan portfolio segment: December 31, 2024 Nonaccrual with No Allowance for Credit Loss Nonaccrual with an Allowance for Credit Loss Total Nonaccrual Loans Past Due 90 Days or More and Still Accruing (in millions) Municipal & nonprofit $ — $ 5 $ 5 $ — Tech & innovation 3 57 60 — Equity fund resources — 1 1 — Other commercial and industrial 11 6 17 — CRE - owner occupied 5 — 5 — Other CRE - non-owner occupied 172 71 243 — Residential — 88 88 — Residential - EBO — — — 326 Construction and land development 55 1 56 — Other 1 — 1 — Total $ 247 $ 229 $ 476 $ 326 Loans contractually delinquent by 90 days or more and still accruing totaled $326 million at December 31, 2024 and consisted of government guaranteed EBO residential loans. Additionally, the recorded investment of consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings are in process totaled $99 million at December 31, 2024. December 31, 2023 Nonaccrual with No Allowance for Credit Loss Nonaccrual with an Allowance for Credit Loss Total Nonaccrual Loans Past Due 90 Days or More and Still Accruing (in millions) Municipal & nonprofit $ — $ 6 $ 6 $ — Tech & innovation 23 10 33 — Other commercial and industrial 19 34 53 — CRE - owner occupied 8 1 9 — Other CRE - non-owner occupied 82 1 83 — Residential — 70 70 — Residential - EBO — — — 399 Construction and land development 19 — 19 42 Total $ 151 $ 122 $ 273 $ 441 Loans contractually delinquent by 90 days or more and still accruing totaled $441 million at December 31, 2023 and consisted of government guaranteed EBO residential loans and construction and land development loans. The reduction in interest income associated with loans on nonaccrual status was approximately $24.5 million, $12.3 million, and $4.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. The following tables present an aging analysis of past due loans by loan portfolio segment: December 31, 2024 Current 30-59 Days 60-89 Days Over 90 days Total Total Nonaccrual Total (in millions) Warehouse lending $ 8,207 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 8,207 Municipal & nonprofit 1,615 — — — — 5 1,620 Tech & innovation 3,320 3 — — 3 60 3,383 Equity fund resources 883 — — — — 1 884 Other commercial and industrial 9,157 1 — — 1 17 9,175 CRE - owner occupied 1,670 — — — — 5 1,675 Hotel franchise finance 3,785 — 30 — 30 — 3,815 Other CRE - non-owner occupied 6,097 — 2 — 2 243 6,342 Residential 12,818 45 10 — 55 88 12,961 Residential - EBO 463 107 76 326 509 — 972 Construction and land development 4,412 — — — — 56 4,468 Other 172 1 — — 1 1 174 Total loans $ 52,599 $ 157 $ 118 $ 326 $ 601 $ 476 $ 53,676 December 31, 2023 Current 30-59 Days 60-89 Days Over 90 days Total Total Nonaccrual Total (in millions) Warehouse lending $ 6,618 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 6,618 Municipal & nonprofit 1,548 — — — — 6 1,554 Tech & innovation 2,775 — — — — 33 2,808 Equity fund resources 845 — — — — — 845 Other commercial and industrial 7,386 13 — — 13 53 7,452 CRE - owner occupied 1,618 — 31 — 31 9 1,658 Hotel franchise finance 3,824 15 16 — 31 — 3,855 Other CRE - non-owner occupied 5,891 — — — — 83 5,974 Residential 13,129 68 20 — 88 70 13,287 Residential - EBO 545 173 106 399 678 — 1,223 Construction and land development 4,801 — — 42 42 19 4,862 Other 160 1 — — 1 — 161 Total loans $ 49,140 $ 270 $ 173 $ 441 $ 884 $ 273 $ 50,297 Credit Quality Indicators The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company analyzes loans individually to classify the loans as to credit risk. This analysis is performed on a quarterly basis. The risk rating categories are described in "Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies " of these Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. The following tables present risk ratings by loan portfolio segment and origination year. The origination year is the year of origination or renewal. Term Loan Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Total As of and for the year ended December 31, 2024 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior (in millions) Warehouse lending Pass $ 205 $ 545 $ 264 $ — $ 278 $ — $ 6,915 $ 8,207 Special mention — — — — — — — — Classified — — — — — — — — Total $ 205 $ 545 $ 264 $ — $ 278 $ — $ 6,915 $ 8,207 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Municipal & nonprofit Pass $ 175 $ 89 $ 195 $ 144 $ 160 $ 833 $ 1 $ 1,597 Special mention — — 7 — 11 — — 18 Classified — — — — — 5 — 5 Total $ 175 $ 89 $ 202 $ 144 $ 171 $ 838 $ 1 $ 1,620 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Tech & innovation Pass $ 1,378 $ 475 $ 301 $ 89 $ — $ 61 $ 903 $ 3,207 Special mention 26 15 16 11 — — 7 75 Classified 30 7 45 3 — — 16 101 Total $ 1,434 $ 497 $ 362 $ 103 $ — $ 61 $ 926 $ 3,383 Current period gross charge-offs $ 1.2 $ 1.5 $ 19.1 $ — $ 3.6 $ — $ 3.2 $ 28.6 Equity fund resources Pass $ 6 $ 78 $ 24 $ 32 $ 2 $ — $ 741 $ 883 Special mention — — — — — — — — Classified 1 — — — — — — 1 Total $ 7 $ 78 $ 24 $ 32 $ 2 $ — $ 741 $ 884 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Other commercial and industrial Pass $ 2,217 $ 973 $ 801 $ 324 $ 75 $ 155 $ 4,456 $ 9,001 Special mention 1 — 38 1 — — 3 43 Classified 11 86 10 18 2 4 — 131 Total $ 2,229 $ 1,059 $ 849 $ 343 $ 77 $ 159 $ 4,459 $ 9,175 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ 0.2 $ 1.0 $ 4.7 $ — $ 0.3 $ 1.1 $ 7.3 CRE - owner occupied Pass $ 231 $ 159 $ 323 $ 298 $ 146 $ 465 $ 29 $ 1,651 Special mention 2 — 1 1 — 1 — 5 Classified — — 12 3 — 4 — 19 Total $ 233 $ 159 $ 336 $ 302 $ 146 $ 470 $ 29 $ 1,675 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 0.3 $ — $ 0.3 Hotel franchise finance Pass $ 1,036 $ 522 $ 1,204 $ 405 $ 33 $ 342 $ 132 $ 3,674 Special mention 98 — 14 — — — — 112 Classified — — 29 — — — — 29 Total $ 1,134 $ 522 $ 1,247 $ 405 $ 33 $ 342 $ 132 $ 3,815 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ 1.4 $ — $ 1.5 $ — $ 2.9 Term Loan Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Total As of and for the year ended December 31, 2024 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior (in millions) Other CRE - non-owner occupied Pass $ 1,056 $ 1,388 $ 1,589 $ 557 $ 250 $ 264 $ 588 $ 5,692 Special mention 75 — 59 — 2 2 — 138 Classified 34 244 173 48 12 1 — 512 Total $ 1,165 $ 1,632 $ 1,821 $ 605 $ 264 $ 267 $ 588 $ 6,342 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ 21.8 $ 9.5 $ 22.7 $ — $ — $ — $ 54.0 Residential Pass $ 659 $ 231 $ 3,331 $ 7,519 $ 762 $ 421 $ 28 $ 12,951 Special mention — — — — — — — — Classified — 2 41 33 4 8 — 88 Cumulative fair value hedging adjustment — — — — — — — (78) Total $ 659 $ 233 $ 3,372 $ 7,552 $ 766 $ 429 $ 28 $ 12,961 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Residential - EBO Pass $ 1 $ 15 $ 12 $ 200 $ 447 $ 297 $ — $ 972 Special mention — — — — — — — — Classified — — — — — — — — Total $ 1 $ 15 $ 12 $ 200 $ 447 $ 297 $ — $ 972 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Construction and land development Pass $ 798 $ 525 $ 1,526 $ 62 $ 2 $ — $ 1,487 $ 4,400 Special mention — — — — — — — — Classified — 38 30 — — — — 68 Total $ 798 $ 563 $ 1,556 $ 62 $ 2 $ — $ 1,487 $ 4,468 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ 1.5 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1.5 Other Pass $ 24 $ — $ 8 $ 2 $ 13 $ 72 $ 52 $ 171 Special mention — — — — — 1 — 1 Classified 1 — — — — 1 — 2 Total $ 25 $ — $ 8 $ 2 $ 13 $ 74 $ 52 $ 174 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 0.6 $ 0.1 $ 0.7 Total by Risk Category Pass $ 7,786 $ 5,000 $ 9,578 $ 9,632 $ 2,168 $ 2,910 $ 15,332 $ 52,406 Special mention 202 15 135 13 13 4 10 392 Classified 77 377 340 105 18 23 16 956 Cumulative fair value hedging adjustment — — — — — — — (78) Total $ 8,065 $ 5,392 $ 10,053 $ 9,750 $ 2,199 $ 2,937 $ 15,358 $ 53,676 Current period gross charge-offs $ 1.2 $ 23.5 $ 31.1 $ 28.8 $ 3.6 $ 2.7 $ 4.4 $ 95.3 Term Loan Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Total As of and for the year ended December 31, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior (in millions) Warehouse lending Pass $ 582 $ 323 $ 7 $ 289 $ — $ — $ 5,391 $ 6,592 Special mention — — — — — — 26 26 Classified — — — — — — — — Total $ 582 $ 323 $ 7 $ 289 $ — $ — $ 5,417 $ 6,618 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Municipal & nonprofit Pass $ 102 $ 167 $ 176 $ 169 $ 68 $ 848 $ — $ 1,530 Special mention — 7 — 11 — — — 18 Classified — — — — 6 — — 6 Total $ 102 $ 174 $ 176 $ 180 $ 74 $ 848 $ — $ 1,554 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Tech & innovation Pass $ 758 $ 774 $ 206 $ 22 $ 66 $ 38 $ 816 $ 2,680 Special mention 5 30 12 — — — 1 48 Classified 15 52 1 5 — — 7 80 Total $ 778 $ 856 $ 219 $ 27 $ 66 $ 38 $ 824 $ 2,808 Current period gross charge-offs $ 1.7 $ 1.1 $ 0.6 $ 3.5 $ — $ — $ — $ 6.9 Equity fund resources Pass $ 154 $ 62 $ 21 $ 3 $ 1 $ — $ 604 $ 845 Special mention — — — — — — — — Classified — — — — — — — — Total $ 154 $ 62 $ 21 $ 3 $ 1 $ — $ 604 $ 845 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Other commercial and industrial Pass $ 1,610 $ 1,454 $ 559 $ 185 $ 77 $ 196 $ 3,186 $ 7,267 Special mention 90 1 1 — — — 1 93 Classified 1 25 59 2 4 — 1 92 Total $ 1,701 $ 1,480 $ 619 $ 187 $ 81 $ 196 $ 3,188 $ 7,452 Current period gross charge-offs $ 0.8 $ 3.4 $ 13.2 $ 3.9 $ 0.3 $ 0.2 $ 0.9 $ 22.7 CRE - owner occupied Pass $ 165 $ 344 $ 322 $ 163 $ 132 $ 444 $ 40 $ 1,610 Special mention — — — — — 1 — 1 Classified 2 1 4 1 1 38 — 47 Total $ 167 $ 345 $ 326 $ 164 $ 133 $ 483 $ 40 $ 1,658 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Hotel franchise finance Pass $ 593 $ 1,535 $ 566 $ 95 $ 419 $ 165 $ 132 $ 3,505 Special mention 34 — 66 — 35 68 — 203 Classified 24 8 48 — 43 24 — 147 Total $ 651 $ 1,543 $ 680 $ 95 $ 497 $ 257 $ 132 $ 3,855 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Other CRE - non-owner occupied Pass $ 1,832 $ 1,784 $ 754 $ 457 $ 166 $ 206 $ 387 $ 5,586 Special mention 164 — 16 43 28 — — 251 Classified 28 — 93 1 14 1 — 137 Total $ 2,024 $ 1,784 $ 863 $ 501 $ 208 $ 207 $ 387 $ 5,974 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ 5.1 $ — $ — $ 0.1 $ — $ 5.2 Term Loan Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Total As of and for the year ended December 31, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior (in millions) Residential Pass $ 324 $ 3,573 $ 7,985 $ 819 $ 270 $ 207 $ 20 $ 13,198 Special mention — — — — — — — — Classified 1 26 33 4 4 2 — 70 Cumulative fair value hedging adjustment — — — — — — — 19 Total $ 325 $ 3,599 $ 8,018 $ 823 $ 274 $ 209 $ 20 $ 13,287 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Residential - EBO Pass $ 2 $ 8 $ 227 $ 534 $ 231 $ 221 $ — $ 1,223 Special mention — — — — — — — — Classified — — — — — — — — Total $ 2 $ 8 $ 227 $ 534 $ 231 $ 221 $ — $ 1,223 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Construction and land development Pass $ 1,013 $ 2,231 $ 385 $ 10 $ — $ — $ 1,151 $ 4,790 Special mention — — — — — — — — Classified 1 19 — 52 — — — 72 Total $ 1,014 $ 2,250 $ 385 $ 62 $ — $ — $ 1,151 $ 4,862 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Other Pass $ 4 $ 10 $ 3 $ 11 $ 3 $ 62 $ 66 $ 159 Special mention — — — — — 1 — 1 Classified — — — — — 1 — 1 Total $ 4 $ 10 $ 3 $ 11 $ 3 $ 64 $ 66 $ 161 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ 0.2 $ — $ — $ — $ 0.2 $ — $ 0.4 Total by Risk Category Pass $ 7,139 $ 12,265 $ 11,211 $ 2,757 $ 1,433 $ 2,387 $ 11,793 $ 48,985 Special mention 293 38 95 54 63 70 28 641 Classified 72 131 238 65 72 66 8 652 Cumulative fair value hedging adjustment — — — — — — — 19 Total $ 7,504 $ 12,434 $ 11,544 $ 2,876 $ 1,568 $ 2,523 $ 11,829 $ 50,297 Current period gross charge-offs $ 2.5 $ 4.7 $ 18.9 $ 7.4 $ 0.3 $ 0.5 $ 0.9 $ 35.2 Restructurings for Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty The following tables present the amortized cost basis of loans HFI that were modified during the period by loan portfolio segment: Amortized Cost Basis at December 31, 2024 Payment Delay and Term Extension Term Extension Interest Rate Reduction Payment Delay Total % of Total Class of Financing Receivable Year Ended (dollars in millions) Tech & innovation $ — $ 5 $ 1 $ 41 $ 47 1.4 % Other commercial and industrial — 7 — 86 93 1.0 Other CRE - non-owner occupied — 46 — 111 157 2.5 Total $ — $ 58 $ 1 $ 238 $ 297 0.6 % Amortized Cost Basis at December 31, 2023 Payment Delay and Term Extension Term Extension Interest Rate Reduction Payment Delay Total % of Total Class of Financing Receivable Year Ended (dollars in millions) Tech & innovation $ 1 $ 6 $ — $ 8 $ 15 0.5 % Other commercial and industrial — 23 — 8 31 0.4 CRE - owner occupied — 3 — — 3 0.2 Hotel franchise finance — 37 — — 37 1.0 Other CRE - non-owner occupied — 119 — — 119 2.0 Residential — — — 1 1 0.0 Total $ 1 $ 188 $ — $ 17 $ 206 0.4 % The performance of these modified loans is monitored for 12 months following the modification. As of December 31, 2024, modified loans of $128 million were current with contractual payments and $169 million were on nonaccrual status. As of December 31, 2023, modified loans of $95 million were current with contractual payments and $111 million were on nonaccrual status. In the normal course of business, the Company also modifies EBO loans, which are delinquent FHA, VA, or USDA insured or guaranteed loans repurchased under the terms of the GNMA MBS program and can be repooled or resold when loans are brought current either through the borrower's reperformance or completion of a loan modification. During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company completed modifications of EBO loans with an amortized cost of $366 million and $225 million, respectively. These modifications were largely payment delays and term extensions. Certain of these loans were repooled or resold after modification and are no longer included in the pool of loan modifications being monitored for future performance. As of December 31, 2024, modified EBO loans consisted of $29 million in loans that were current to 89 days delinquent and $11 million in loans 90 days or more delinquent. As of December 31, 2023, modified EBO loans consisted of $26 million in loans that were current to 89 days delinquent and $12 million in loans 90 days or more delinquent. Collateral-Dependent Loans The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral-dependent loans by loan portfolio segment: December 31, 2024 2023 Real Estate Collateral Other Collateral Total Real Estate Collateral Other Collateral Total (in millions) Municipal & nonprofit $ — $ 5 $ 5 $ — $ 6 $ 6 Tech & innovation — 5 5 — — — Other commercial and industrial — 11 11 — 29 29 CRE - owner occupied 16 — 16 43 — 43 Hotel franchise finance 29 — 29 104 — 104 Other CRE - non-owner occupied 474 — 474 136 — 136 Construction and land development 67 — 67 71 — 71 Total $ 586 $ 21 $ 607 $ 354 $ 35 $ 389 The Company did not identify any significant changes in the extent to which collateral secures its collateral dependent loans, whether in the form of general deterioration or from other factors during the year ended December 31, 2024. Allowance for Credit Losses The ACL consists of the ACL on funded loans HFI and an ACL on unfunded loan commitments. The ACL on HTM securities is estimated separately from loans, see "Note 2. Investment Securities" of these Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion. Management considers the level of ACL to be a reasonable and supportable estimate of expected credit losses inherent within the Company's HFI loan portfolio as of December 31, 2024. The below tables reflect the activity in the ACL on loans HFI by loan portfolio segment, which includes an estimate of future recoveries: Year Ended December 31, 2024 Balance, Provision for (Recovery of) Credit Losses Charge-offs Recoveries Balance, (in millions) Warehouse lending $ 5.8 $ 0.6 $ — $ — $ 6.4 Municipal & nonprofit 14.7 — — — 14.7 Tech & innovation 42.1 42.3 28.6 (0.1) 55.9 Equity fund resources 1.3 0.3 — — 1.6 Other commercial and industrial 81.4 2.7 7.3 (1.0) 77.8 CRE - owner occupied 6.0 (2.4) 0.3 (0.1) 3.4 Hotel franchise finance 33.4 4.1 2.9 (0.7) 35.3 Other CRE - non-owner occupied 96.0 92.4 54.0 — 134.4 Residential 23.1 (3.4) — — 19.7 Residential - EBO — — — — — Construction and land development 30.4 (7.6) 1.5 — 21.3 Other 2.5 1.4 0.7 (0.1) 3.3 Total $ 336.7 $ 130.4 $ 95.3 $ (2.0) $ 373.8 Year Ended December 31, 2023 Balance, Provision for (Recovery of) Credit Losses Charge-offs Recoveries Balance, (in millions) Warehouse lending $ 8.4 $ (2.6) $ — $ — $ 5.8 Municipal & nonprofit 15.9 (1.2) — — 14.7 Tech & innovation 30.8 18.2 6.9 — 42.1 Equity fund resources 6.4 (5.1) — — 1.3 Other commercial and industrial 85.9 13.2 22.7 (5.0) 81.4 CRE - owner occupied 7.1 (1.1) — — 6.0 Hotel franchise finance 46.9 (13.5) — — 33.4 Other CRE - non-owner occupied 47.4 53.8 5.2 — 96.0 Residential 30.4 (7.4) — (0.1) 23.1 Residential - EBO — — — — — Construction and land development 27.4 3.0 — — 30.4 Other 3.1 (0.4) 0.4 (0.2) 2.5 Total $ 309.7 $ 56.9 $ 35.2 $ (5.3) $ 336.7 Accrued interest receivable of $272 million and $281 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, was excluded from the estimate of credit losses. Whereas, accrued interest receivable related to the Company's Residential-EBO loan portfolio segment was included in the estimate of credit losses and had an allowance of $1 million and $4 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Accrued interest receivable, net of any allowance, is included in Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. In addition to the ACL on funded loans HFI, the Company maintains a separate ACL related to off-balance sheet credit exposures, including unfunded loan commitments. This allowance is included in Other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The below table reflects the activity in the ACL on unfunded loan commitments: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Balance, beginning of period $ 31.6 $ 47.0 Provision for (recovery of) credit losses 7.9 (15.4) Balance, end of period $ 39.5 $ 31.6 The following tables disaggregate the Company's ACL on funded loans HFI and loan balances by measurement methodology: December 31, 2024 Loans Allowance Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss Total Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss Total (in millions) Warehouse lending $ 8,207 $ — $ 8,207 $ 6.4 $ — $ 6.4 Municipal & nonprofit 1,615 5 1,620 14.1 0.6 14.7 Tech & innovation 3,283 100 3,383 33.6 22.3 55.9 Equity fund resources 884 — 884 1.6 — 1.6 Other commercial and industrial 9,047 128 9,175 75.5 2.3 77.8 CRE - owner occupied 1,658 17 1,675 3.4 — 3.4 Hotel franchise finance 3,786 29 3,815 35.3 — 35.3 Other CRE - non-owner occupied 5,830 512 6,342 90.3 44.1 134.4 Residential 12,961 — 12,961 19.7 — 19.7 Residential EBO 972 — 972 — — — Construction and land development 4,401 67 4,468 21.3 — 21.3 Other 173 1 174 3.3 — 3.3 Total $ 52,817 $ 859 $ 53,676 $ 304.5 $ 69.3 $ 373.8 December 31, 2023 Loans Allowance Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss Total Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss Total (in millions) Warehouse lending $ 6,618 $ — $ 6,618 $ 5.8 $ — $ 5.8 Municipal & nonprofit 1,548 6 1,554 13.7 1.0 14.7 Tech & innovation 2,729 79 2,808 38.3 3.8 42.1 Equity fund resources 845 — 845 1.3 — 1.3 Other commercial and industrial 7,362 90 7,452 64.6 16.8 81.4 CRE - owner occupied 1,613 45 1,658 6.0 — 6.0 Hotel franchise finance 3,708 147 3,855 33.4 — 33.4 Other CRE - non-owner occupied 5,838 136 5,974 96.0 — 96.0 Residential 13,287 — 13,287 23.1 — 23.1 Residential EBO 1,223 — 1,223 — — — Construction and land development 4,791 71 4,862 30.4 — 30.4 Other 161 — 161 2.5 — 2.5 Total $ 49,723 $ 574 $ 50,297 $ 315.1 $ 21.6 $ 336.7 Loan Purchases and Sales Loan purchases during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 totaled $1.7 billion and $1.6 billion, respectively, which primarily consisted of commercial and industrial and residential loan purchases. There were no loans purchased with more-than-insignificant deterioration in credit quality during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. In the normal course of business, the Company also repurchases guaranteed or insured loans under the terms of the GNMA MBS program which can be repooled when loans are brought current either through the borrower's reperformance or completion of a loan modification and have demonstrated sustained performance for a period of time. The Company repurchased $385 million of such EBO loans during the year ended December 31, 2024. Prior to repurchase, these loans are classified as loans eligible for repurchase, which is included as a component of Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company sold loans with a carrying value of approximately $729 million. The Company recognized charge-offs totaling $3.4 million and a net loss of $6.6 million on these loan sales. As part of the Company's balance sheet repositioning efforts, during the year ended December 31, 2023, loans with a carrying value of approximately $7.9 billion were transferred to HFS. A net loss of $123.4 million was recognized related to these transfers and any subsequent loan sales. Of the loans transferred to HFS, $4.9 billion were disposed of and approximately $2.4 billion were returned to HFI.

Loans, Leases and Allowance for

Loans, Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses	12 Months Ended
Loans, Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses	Dec. 31, 2024
Receivables [Abstract]
Loans, Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses	3. LOANS HELD FOR SALE The Company purchases and originates residential mortgage loans primarily through its AmeriHome mortgage banking business channel that are held for sale or securitization. The following is a summary of loans HFS by type: December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Government-insured or guaranteed: EBO (1) $ — $ 2 Non-EBO 764 498 Total government-insured or guaranteed 764 500 Agency-conforming 1,502 899 Non-agency 20 3 Total loans HFS $ 2,286 $ 1,402 (1) EBO loans are delinquent FHA, VA, or USDA loans purchased from GNMA pools under the terms of the GNMA MBS program that can be repooled when loans are brought current either through the borrower's reperformance or through completion of a loan modification. The following is a summary of the net gain on loan purchase, origination, and sale activities on residential mortgage loans to be sold or securitized: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Mortgage servicing rights capitalized upon sale of loans $ 922.8 $ 864.5 Net proceeds from sale of loans (1) (820.0) (785.6) Provision for and change in estimate of liability for losses under representations and warranties, net 5.0 5.2 Change in fair value (17.0) 15.0 Change in fair value of derivatives: Unrealized gain (loss) on derivatives 61.4 (18.4) Realized (loss) gain on derivatives (3.3) 55.4 Total change in fair value of derivatives 58.1 37.0 Net gain on residential mortgage loans HFS $ 148.9 $ 136.1 Loan acquisition and origination fees 57.4 57.4 Net gain on loan origination and sale activities $ 206.3 $ 193.5 (1) Represents the difference between cash proceeds received upon settlement and loan basis. 4. LOANS, LEASES AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES The composition of the Company's HFI loan portfolio is as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Warehouse lending $ 8,207 $ 6,618 Municipal & nonprofit 1,620 1,554 Tech & innovation 3,383 2,808 Equity fund resources 884 845 Other commercial and industrial 9,175 7,452 CRE - owner occupied 1,675 1,658 Hotel franchise finance 3,815 3,855 Other CRE - non-owner occupied 6,342 5,974 Residential 12,961 13,287 Residential - EBO 972 1,223 Construction and land development 4,468 4,862 Other 174 161 Total loans HFI 53,676 50,297 Allowance for credit losses (374) (337) Total loans HFI, net of allowance $ 53,302 $ 49,960 Loans classified as HFI are stated at the amount of unpaid principal, adjusted for net deferred fees and costs, premiums and discounts on acquired and purchased loans, and an ACL. Net deferred loan fees of $106 million and $108 million reduced the carrying value of loans as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Net unamortized purchase premiums on acquired and purchased loans of $175 million and $177 million increased the carrying value of loans as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans Loans are placed on nonaccrual status when management determines the full repayment of principal and collection of interest according to contractual terms is no longer likely, generally when the loan becomes 90 days or more past due. The following tables present nonperforming loan balances by loan portfolio segment: December 31, 2024 Nonaccrual with No Allowance for Credit Loss Nonaccrual with an Allowance for Credit Loss Total Nonaccrual Loans Past Due 90 Days or More and Still Accruing (in millions) Municipal & nonprofit $ — $ 5 $ 5 $ — Tech & innovation 3 57 60 — Equity fund resources — 1 1 — Other commercial and industrial 11 6 17 — CRE - owner occupied 5 — 5 — Other CRE - non-owner occupied 172 71 243 — Residential — 88 88 — Residential - EBO — — — 326 Construction and land development 55 1 56 — Other 1 — 1 — Total $ 247 $ 229 $ 476 $ 326 Loans contractually delinquent by 90 days or more and still accruing totaled $326 million at December 31, 2024 and consisted of government guaranteed EBO residential loans. Additionally, the recorded investment of consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings are in process totaled $99 million at December 31, 2024. December 31, 2023 Nonaccrual with No Allowance for Credit Loss Nonaccrual with an Allowance for Credit Loss Total Nonaccrual Loans Past Due 90 Days or More and Still Accruing (in millions) Municipal & nonprofit $ — $ 6 $ 6 $ — Tech & innovation 23 10 33 — Other commercial and industrial 19 34 53 — CRE - owner occupied 8 1 9 — Other CRE - non-owner occupied 82 1 83 — Residential — 70 70 — Residential - EBO — — — 399 Construction and land development 19 — 19 42 Total $ 151 $ 122 $ 273 $ 441 Loans contractually delinquent by 90 days or more and still accruing totaled $441 million at December 31, 2023 and consisted of government guaranteed EBO residential loans and construction and land development loans. The reduction in interest income associated with loans on nonaccrual status was approximately $24.5 million, $12.3 million, and $4.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. The following tables present an aging analysis of past due loans by loan portfolio segment: December 31, 2024 Current 30-59 Days 60-89 Days Over 90 days Total Total Nonaccrual Total (in millions) Warehouse lending $ 8,207 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 8,207 Municipal & nonprofit 1,615 — — — — 5 1,620 Tech & innovation 3,320 3 — — 3 60 3,383 Equity fund resources 883 — — — — 1 884 Other commercial and industrial 9,157 1 — — 1 17 9,175 CRE - owner occupied 1,670 — — — — 5 1,675 Hotel franchise finance 3,785 — 30 — 30 — 3,815 Other CRE - non-owner occupied 6,097 — 2 — 2 243 6,342 Residential 12,818 45 10 — 55 88 12,961 Residential - EBO 463 107 76 326 509 — 972 Construction and land development 4,412 — — — — 56 4,468 Other 172 1 — — 1 1 174 Total loans $ 52,599 $ 157 $ 118 $ 326 $ 601 $ 476 $ 53,676 December 31, 2023 Current 30-59 Days 60-89 Days Over 90 days Total Total Nonaccrual Total (in millions) Warehouse lending $ 6,618 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 6,618 Municipal & nonprofit 1,548 — — — — 6 1,554 Tech & innovation 2,775 — — — — 33 2,808 Equity fund resources 845 — — — — — 845 Other commercial and industrial 7,386 13 — — 13 53 7,452 CRE - owner occupied 1,618 — 31 — 31 9 1,658 Hotel franchise finance 3,824 15 16 — 31 — 3,855 Other CRE - non-owner occupied 5,891 — — — — 83 5,974 Residential 13,129 68 20 — 88 70 13,287 Residential - EBO 545 173 106 399 678 — 1,223 Construction and land development 4,801 — — 42 42 19 4,862 Other 160 1 — — 1 — 161 Total loans $ 49,140 $ 270 $ 173 $ 441 $ 884 $ 273 $ 50,297 Credit Quality Indicators The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company analyzes loans individually to classify the loans as to credit risk. This analysis is performed on a quarterly basis. The risk rating categories are described in "Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies " of these Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. The following tables present risk ratings by loan portfolio segment and origination year. The origination year is the year of origination or renewal. Term Loan Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Total As of and for the year ended December 31, 2024 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior (in millions) Warehouse lending Pass $ 205 $ 545 $ 264 $ — $ 278 $ — $ 6,915 $ 8,207 Special mention — — — — — — — — Classified — — — — — — — — Total $ 205 $ 545 $ 264 $ — $ 278 $ — $ 6,915 $ 8,207 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Municipal & nonprofit Pass $ 175 $ 89 $ 195 $ 144 $ 160 $ 833 $ 1 $ 1,597 Special mention — — 7 — 11 — — 18 Classified — — — — — 5 — 5 Total $ 175 $ 89 $ 202 $ 144 $ 171 $ 838 $ 1 $ 1,620 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Tech & innovation Pass $ 1,378 $ 475 $ 301 $ 89 $ — $ 61 $ 903 $ 3,207 Special mention 26 15 16 11 — — 7 75 Classified 30 7 45 3 — — 16 101 Total $ 1,434 $ 497 $ 362 $ 103 $ — $ 61 $ 926 $ 3,383 Current period gross charge-offs $ 1.2 $ 1.5 $ 19.1 $ — $ 3.6 $ — $ 3.2 $ 28.6 Equity fund resources Pass $ 6 $ 78 $ 24 $ 32 $ 2 $ — $ 741 $ 883 Special mention — — — — — — — — Classified 1 — — — — — — 1 Total $ 7 $ 78 $ 24 $ 32 $ 2 $ — $ 741 $ 884 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Other commercial and industrial Pass $ 2,217 $ 973 $ 801 $ 324 $ 75 $ 155 $ 4,456 $ 9,001 Special mention 1 — 38 1 — — 3 43 Classified 11 86 10 18 2 4 — 131 Total $ 2,229 $ 1,059 $ 849 $ 343 $ 77 $ 159 $ 4,459 $ 9,175 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ 0.2 $ 1.0 $ 4.7 $ — $ 0.3 $ 1.1 $ 7.3 CRE - owner occupied Pass $ 231 $ 159 $ 323 $ 298 $ 146 $ 465 $ 29 $ 1,651 Special mention 2 — 1 1 — 1 — 5 Classified — — 12 3 — 4 — 19 Total $ 233 $ 159 $ 336 $ 302 $ 146 $ 470 $ 29 $ 1,675 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 0.3 $ — $ 0.3 Hotel franchise finance Pass $ 1,036 $ 522 $ 1,204 $ 405 $ 33 $ 342 $ 132 $ 3,674 Special mention 98 — 14 — — — — 112 Classified — — 29 — — — — 29 Total $ 1,134 $ 522 $ 1,247 $ 405 $ 33 $ 342 $ 132 $ 3,815 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ 1.4 $ — $ 1.5 $ — $ 2.9 Term Loan Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Total As of and for the year ended December 31, 2024 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior (in millions) Other CRE - non-owner occupied Pass $ 1,056 $ 1,388 $ 1,589 $ 557 $ 250 $ 264 $ 588 $ 5,692 Special mention 75 — 59 — 2 2 — 138 Classified 34 244 173 48 12 1 — 512 Total $ 1,165 $ 1,632 $ 1,821 $ 605 $ 264 $ 267 $ 588 $ 6,342 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ 21.8 $ 9.5 $ 22.7 $ — $ — $ — $ 54.0 Residential Pass $ 659 $ 231 $ 3,331 $ 7,519 $ 762 $ 421 $ 28 $ 12,951 Special mention — — — — — — — — Classified — 2 41 33 4 8 — 88 Cumulative fair value hedging adjustment — — — — — — — (78) Total $ 659 $ 233 $ 3,372 $ 7,552 $ 766 $ 429 $ 28 $ 12,961 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Residential - EBO Pass $ 1 $ 15 $ 12 $ 200 $ 447 $ 297 $ — $ 972 Special mention — — — — — — — — Classified — — — — — — — — Total $ 1 $ 15 $ 12 $ 200 $ 447 $ 297 $ — $ 972 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Construction and land development Pass $ 798 $ 525 $ 1,526 $ 62 $ 2 $ — $ 1,487 $ 4,400 Special mention — — — — — — — — Classified — 38 30 — — — — 68 Total $ 798 $ 563 $ 1,556 $ 62 $ 2 $ — $ 1,487 $ 4,468 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ 1.5 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1.5 Other Pass $ 24 $ — $ 8 $ 2 $ 13 $ 72 $ 52 $ 171 Special mention — — — — — 1 — 1 Classified 1 — — — — 1 — 2 Total $ 25 $ — $ 8 $ 2 $ 13 $ 74 $ 52 $ 174 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 0.6 $ 0.1 $ 0.7 Total by Risk Category Pass $ 7,786 $ 5,000 $ 9,578 $ 9,632 $ 2,168 $ 2,910 $ 15,332 $ 52,406 Special mention 202 15 135 13 13 4 10 392 Classified 77 377 340 105 18 23 16 956 Cumulative fair value hedging adjustment — — — — — — — (78) Total $ 8,065 $ 5,392 $ 10,053 $ 9,750 $ 2,199 $ 2,937 $ 15,358 $ 53,676 Current period gross charge-offs $ 1.2 $ 23.5 $ 31.1 $ 28.8 $ 3.6 $ 2.7 $ 4.4 $ 95.3 Term Loan Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Total As of and for the year ended December 31, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior (in millions) Warehouse lending Pass $ 582 $ 323 $ 7 $ 289 $ — $ — $ 5,391 $ 6,592 Special mention — — — — — — 26 26 Classified — — — — — — — — Total $ 582 $ 323 $ 7 $ 289 $ — $ — $ 5,417 $ 6,618 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Municipal & nonprofit Pass $ 102 $ 167 $ 176 $ 169 $ 68 $ 848 $ — $ 1,530 Special mention — 7 — 11 — — — 18 Classified — — — — 6 — — 6 Total $ 102 $ 174 $ 176 $ 180 $ 74 $ 848 $ — $ 1,554 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Tech & innovation Pass $ 758 $ 774 $ 206 $ 22 $ 66 $ 38 $ 816 $ 2,680 Special mention 5 30 12 — — — 1 48 Classified 15 52 1 5 — — 7 80 Total $ 778 $ 856 $ 219 $ 27 $ 66 $ 38 $ 824 $ 2,808 Current period gross charge-offs $ 1.7 $ 1.1 $ 0.6 $ 3.5 $ — $ — $ — $ 6.9 Equity fund resources Pass $ 154 $ 62 $ 21 $ 3 $ 1 $ — $ 604 $ 845 Special mention — — — — — — — — Classified — — — — — — — — Total $ 154 $ 62 $ 21 $ 3 $ 1 $ — $ 604 $ 845 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Other commercial and industrial Pass $ 1,610 $ 1,454 $ 559 $ 185 $ 77 $ 196 $ 3,186 $ 7,267 Special mention 90 1 1 — — — 1 93 Classified 1 25 59 2 4 — 1 92 Total $ 1,701 $ 1,480 $ 619 $ 187 $ 81 $ 196 $ 3,188 $ 7,452 Current period gross charge-offs $ 0.8 $ 3.4 $ 13.2 $ 3.9 $ 0.3 $ 0.2 $ 0.9 $ 22.7 CRE - owner occupied Pass $ 165 $ 344 $ 322 $ 163 $ 132 $ 444 $ 40 $ 1,610 Special mention — — — — — 1 — 1 Classified 2 1 4 1 1 38 — 47 Total $ 167 $ 345 $ 326 $ 164 $ 133 $ 483 $ 40 $ 1,658 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Hotel franchise finance Pass $ 593 $ 1,535 $ 566 $ 95 $ 419 $ 165 $ 132 $ 3,505 Special mention 34 — 66 — 35 68 — 203 Classified 24 8 48 — 43 24 — 147 Total $ 651 $ 1,543 $ 680 $ 95 $ 497 $ 257 $ 132 $ 3,855 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Other CRE - non-owner occupied Pass $ 1,832 $ 1,784 $ 754 $ 457 $ 166 $ 206 $ 387 $ 5,586 Special mention 164 — 16 43 28 — — 251 Classified 28 — 93 1 14 1 — 137 Total $ 2,024 $ 1,784 $ 863 $ 501 $ 208 $ 207 $ 387 $ 5,974 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ 5.1 $ — $ — $ 0.1 $ — $ 5.2 Term Loan Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Total As of and for the year ended December 31, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior (in millions) Residential Pass $ 324 $ 3,573 $ 7,985 $ 819 $ 270 $ 207 $ 20 $ 13,198 Special mention — — — — — — — — Classified 1 26 33 4 4 2 — 70 Cumulative fair value hedging adjustment — — — — — — — 19 Total $ 325 $ 3,599 $ 8,018 $ 823 $ 274 $ 209 $ 20 $ 13,287 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Residential - EBO Pass $ 2 $ 8 $ 227 $ 534 $ 231 $ 221 $ — $ 1,223 Special mention — — — — — — — — Classified — — — — — — — — Total $ 2 $ 8 $ 227 $ 534 $ 231 $ 221 $ — $ 1,223 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Construction and land development Pass $ 1,013 $ 2,231 $ 385 $ 10 $ — $ — $ 1,151 $ 4,790 Special mention — — — — — — — — Classified 1 19 — 52 — — — 72 Total $ 1,014 $ 2,250 $ 385 $ 62 $ — $ — $ 1,151 $ 4,862 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Other Pass $ 4 $ 10 $ 3 $ 11 $ 3 $ 62 $ 66 $ 159 Special mention — — — — — 1 — 1 Classified — — — — — 1 — 1 Total $ 4 $ 10 $ 3 $ 11 $ 3 $ 64 $ 66 $ 161 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ 0.2 $ — $ — $ — $ 0.2 $ — $ 0.4 Total by Risk Category Pass $ 7,139 $ 12,265 $ 11,211 $ 2,757 $ 1,433 $ 2,387 $ 11,793 $ 48,985 Special mention 293 38 95 54 63 70 28 641 Classified 72 131 238 65 72 66 8 652 Cumulative fair value hedging adjustment — — — — — — — 19 Total $ 7,504 $ 12,434 $ 11,544 $ 2,876 $ 1,568 $ 2,523 $ 11,829 $ 50,297 Current period gross charge-offs $ 2.5 $ 4.7 $ 18.9 $ 7.4 $ 0.3 $ 0.5 $ 0.9 $ 35.2 Restructurings for Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty The following tables present the amortized cost basis of loans HFI that were modified during the period by loan portfolio segment: Amortized Cost Basis at December 31, 2024 Payment Delay and Term Extension Term Extension Interest Rate Reduction Payment Delay Total % of Total Class of Financing Receivable Year Ended (dollars in millions) Tech & innovation $ — $ 5 $ 1 $ 41 $ 47 1.4 % Other commercial and industrial — 7 — 86 93 1.0 Other CRE - non-owner occupied — 46 — 111 157 2.5 Total $ — $ 58 $ 1 $ 238 $ 297 0.6 % Amortized Cost Basis at December 31, 2023 Payment Delay and Term Extension Term Extension Interest Rate Reduction Payment Delay Total % of Total Class of Financing Receivable Year Ended (dollars in millions) Tech & innovation $ 1 $ 6 $ — $ 8 $ 15 0.5 % Other commercial and industrial — 23 — 8 31 0.4 CRE - owner occupied — 3 — — 3 0.2 Hotel franchise finance — 37 — — 37 1.0 Other CRE - non-owner occupied — 119 — — 119 2.0 Residential — — — 1 1 0.0 Total $ 1 $ 188 $ — $ 17 $ 206 0.4 % The performance of these modified loans is monitored for 12 months following the modification. As of December 31, 2024, modified loans of $128 million were current with contractual payments and $169 million were on nonaccrual status. As of December 31, 2023, modified loans of $95 million were current with contractual payments and $111 million were on nonaccrual status. In the normal course of business, the Company also modifies EBO loans, which are delinquent FHA, VA, or USDA insured or guaranteed loans repurchased under the terms of the GNMA MBS program and can be repooled or resold when loans are brought current either through the borrower's reperformance or completion of a loan modification. During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company completed modifications of EBO loans with an amortized cost of $366 million and $225 million, respectively. These modifications were largely payment delays and term extensions. Certain of these loans were repooled or resold after modification and are no longer included in the pool of loan modifications being monitored for future performance. As of December 31, 2024, modified EBO loans consisted of $29 million in loans that were current to 89 days delinquent and $11 million in loans 90 days or more delinquent. As of December 31, 2023, modified EBO loans consisted of $26 million in loans that were current to 89 days delinquent and $12 million in loans 90 days or more delinquent. Collateral-Dependent Loans The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral-dependent loans by loan portfolio segment: December 31, 2024 2023 Real Estate Collateral Other Collateral Total Real Estate Collateral Other Collateral Total (in millions) Municipal & nonprofit $ — $ 5 $ 5 $ — $ 6 $ 6 Tech & innovation — 5 5 — — — Other commercial and industrial — 11 11 — 29 29 CRE - owner occupied 16 — 16 43 — 43 Hotel franchise finance 29 — 29 104 — 104 Other CRE - non-owner occupied 474 — 474 136 — 136 Construction and land development 67 — 67 71 — 71 Total $ 586 $ 21 $ 607 $ 354 $ 35 $ 389 The Company did not identify any significant changes in the extent to which collateral secures its collateral dependent loans, whether in the form of general deterioration or from other factors during the year ended December 31, 2024. Allowance for Credit Losses The ACL consists of the ACL on funded loans HFI and an ACL on unfunded loan commitments. The ACL on HTM securities is estimated separately from loans, see "Note 2. Investment Securities" of these Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion. Management considers the level of ACL to be a reasonable and supportable estimate of expected credit losses inherent within the Company's HFI loan portfolio as of December 31, 2024. The below tables reflect the activity in the ACL on loans HFI by loan portfolio segment, which includes an estimate of future recoveries: Year Ended December 31, 2024 Balance, Provision for (Recovery of) Credit Losses Charge-offs Recoveries Balance, (in millions) Warehouse lending $ 5.8 $ 0.6 $ — $ — $ 6.4 Municipal & nonprofit 14.7 — — — 14.7 Tech & innovation 42.1 42.3 28.6 (0.1) 55.9 Equity fund resources 1.3 0.3 — — 1.6 Other commercial and industrial 81.4 2.7 7.3 (1.0) 77.8 CRE - owner occupied 6.0 (2.4) 0.3 (0.1) 3.4 Hotel franchise finance 33.4 4.1 2.9 (0.7) 35.3 Other CRE - non-owner occupied 96.0 92.4 54.0 — 134.4 Residential 23.1 (3.4) — — 19.7 Residential - EBO — — — — — Construction and land development 30.4 (7.6) 1.5 — 21.3 Other 2.5 1.4 0.7 (0.1) 3.3 Total $ 336.7 $ 130.4 $ 95.3 $ (2.0) $ 373.8 Year Ended December 31, 2023 Balance, Provision for (Recovery of) Credit Losses Charge-offs Recoveries Balance, (in millions) Warehouse lending $ 8.4 $ (2.6) $ — $ — $ 5.8 Municipal & nonprofit 15.9 (1.2) — — 14.7 Tech & innovation 30.8 18.2 6.9 — 42.1 Equity fund resources 6.4 (5.1) — — 1.3 Other commercial and industrial 85.9 13.2 22.7 (5.0) 81.4 CRE - owner occupied 7.1 (1.1) — — 6.0 Hotel franchise finance 46.9 (13.5) — — 33.4 Other CRE - non-owner occupied 47.4 53.8 5.2 — 96.0 Residential 30.4 (7.4) — (0.1) 23.1 Residential - EBO — — — — — Construction and land development 27.4 3.0 — — 30.4 Other 3.1 (0.4) 0.4 (0.2) 2.5 Total $ 309.7 $ 56.9 $ 35.2 $ (5.3) $ 336.7 Accrued interest receivable of $272 million and $281 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, was excluded from the estimate of credit losses. Whereas, accrued interest receivable related to the Company's Residential-EBO loan portfolio segment was included in the estimate of credit losses and had an allowance of $1 million and $4 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Accrued interest receivable, net of any allowance, is included in Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. In addition to the ACL on funded loans HFI, the Company maintains a separate ACL related to off-balance sheet credit exposures, including unfunded loan commitments. This allowance is included in Other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The below table reflects the activity in the ACL on unfunded loan commitments: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Balance, beginning of period $ 31.6 $ 47.0 Provision for (recovery of) credit losses 7.9 (15.4) Balance, end of period $ 39.5 $ 31.6 The following tables disaggregate the Company's ACL on funded loans HFI and loan balances by measurement methodology: December 31, 2024 Loans Allowance Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss Total Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss Total (in millions) Warehouse lending $ 8,207 $ — $ 8,207 $ 6.4 $ — $ 6.4 Municipal & nonprofit 1,615 5 1,620 14.1 0.6 14.7 Tech & innovation 3,283 100 3,383 33.6 22.3 55.9 Equity fund resources 884 — 884 1.6 — 1.6 Other commercial and industrial 9,047 128 9,175 75.5 2.3 77.8 CRE - owner occupied 1,658 17 1,675 3.4 — 3.4 Hotel franchise finance 3,786 29 3,815 35.3 — 35.3 Other CRE - non-owner occupied 5,830 512 6,342 90.3 44.1 134.4 Residential 12,961 — 12,961 19.7 — 19.7 Residential EBO 972 — 972 — — — Construction and land development 4,401 67 4,468 21.3 — 21.3 Other 173 1 174 3.3 — 3.3 Total $ 52,817 $ 859 $ 53,676 $ 304.5 $ 69.3 $ 373.8 December 31, 2023 Loans Allowance Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss Total Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss Total (in millions) Warehouse lending $ 6,618 $ — $ 6,618 $ 5.8 $ — $ 5.8 Municipal & nonprofit 1,548 6 1,554 13.7 1.0 14.7 Tech & innovation 2,729 79 2,808 38.3 3.8 42.1 Equity fund resources 845 — 845 1.3 — 1.3 Other commercial and industrial 7,362 90 7,452 64.6 16.8 81.4 CRE - owner occupied 1,613 45 1,658 6.0 — 6.0 Hotel franchise finance 3,708 147 3,855 33.4 — 33.4 Other CRE - non-owner occupied 5,838 136 5,974 96.0 — 96.0 Residential 13,287 — 13,287 23.1 — 23.1 Residential EBO 1,223 — 1,223 — — — Construction and land development 4,791 71 4,862 30.4 — 30.4 Other 161 — 161 2.5 — 2.5 Total $ 49,723 $ 574 $ 50,297 $ 315.1 $ 21.6 $ 336.7 Loan Purchases and Sales Loan purchases during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 totaled $1.7 billion and $1.6 billion, respectively, which primarily consisted of commercial and industrial and residential loan purchases. There were no loans purchased with more-than-insignificant deterioration in credit quality during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. In the normal course of business, the Company also repurchases guaranteed or insured loans under the terms of the GNMA MBS program which can be repooled when loans are brought current either through the borrower's reperformance or completion of a loan modification and have demonstrated sustained performance for a period of time. The Company repurchased $385 million of such EBO loans during the year ended December 31, 2024. Prior to repurchase, these loans are classified as loans eligible for repurchase, which is included as a component of Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company sold loans with a carrying value of approximately $729 million. The Company recognized charge-offs totaling $3.4 million and a net loss of $6.6 million on these loan sales. As part of the Company's balance sheet repositioning efforts, during the year ended December 31, 2023, loans with a carrying value of approximately $7.9 billion were transferred to HFS. A net loss of $123.4 million was recognized related to these transfers and any subsequent loan sales. Of the loans transferred to HFS, $4.9 billion were disposed of and approximately $2.4 billion were returned to HFI.

Mortgage Servicing Rights

Mortgage Servicing Rights	12 Months Ended
Mortgage Servicing Rights	Dec. 31, 2024
Transfers and Servicing [Abstract]
Mortgage Servicing Rights	5. MORTGAGE SERVICING RIGHTS The following table presents the changes in fair value of the Company's MSR portfolio related to its mortgage banking business and other information related to its servicing portfolio: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Balance, beginning of period $ 1,124 $ 1,148 Additions from loans sold with servicing rights retained 923 865 Carrying value of MSRs sold (905) (800) Change in fair value 144 11 Mark to market adjustments — 4 Realization of cash flows (159) (104) Balance, end of period $ 1,127 $ 1,124 Unpaid principal balance of mortgage loans serviced for others $ 61,089 $ 68,647 Changes in the fair value of MSRs are recorded as Net loan servicing revenue The Company receives loan servicing fees, net of subservicing costs, based on the UPB of the underlying loans. Loan servicing fees are collected from payments made by borrowers. The Company may receive other remuneration from rights to various borrower contracted fees, such as late charges, collateral reconveyance charges, and non-sufficient funds fees. Contractually specified servicing fees, late fees, and ancillary i ncome associated with the Company's MSR portfolio totaled $254.2 million and $233.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, which are recorded as Net loan servicing revenue in the Consolidated Income Statement. In accordance with its contractual loan servicing obligations, the Company is required to advance funds to or on behalf of investors when borrowers do not make payments. The Company advances property taxes and insurance premiums for borrowers who have insufficient funds in escrow accounts, plus any other costs to preserve real estate properties. The Company may also advance funds to maintain, repair, and market foreclosed real estate properties. The Company is entitled to recover all or a portion of the advances from borrowers of reinstated and performing loans, from the proceeds of liquidated properties or from the government agency or GSE guarantor of charged-off loans. Servicing advances are charged-off when they are deemed to be uncollectible. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, net servicing advances totaled $84 million and $87 million, respectively, which are recorded as Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The following table presents the effect of hypothetical changes in the fair value of MSRs caused by assumed immediate changes in the below inputs that are used to determine fair value: December 31, 2024 (in millions) Fair value of mortgage servicing rights $ 1,127 Increase (decrease) in fair value resulting from: Interest rate change of 50 basis points Adverse change (64) Favorable change 49 Option adjusted spread change of 50 basis points Increase (25) Decrease 26 Conditional prepayment rate change of 1% Increase (30) Decrease 33 Cost to service change of 10% Increase (13) Decrease 13

Premises and Equipment

Premises and Equipment	12 Months Ended
Premises and Equipment	Dec. 31, 2024
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Premises and Equipment	6. PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT The following is a summary of the major categories of premises and equipment: December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Bank premises $ 96 $ 96 Construction in progress 62 82 Furniture, fixtures, and equipment 125 108 Land and improvements 32 32 Leasehold improvements 98 85 Software 225 142 Total 638 545 Accumulated depreciation and amortization (277) (206) Premises and equipment, net $ 361 $ 339

Other Assets Acquired Through F

Other Assets Acquired Through Foreclosure	12 Months Ended
Other Assets Acquired Through Foreclosure	Dec. 31, 2024
Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Other Assets Acquired Through Foreclosure	7. OTHER ASSETS ACQUIRED THROUGH FORECLOSURE Other assets acquired through foreclosure consist primarily of properties acquired as a result of, or in-lieu-of, foreclosure. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had a repossessed asset balance of $52 million and $8 million, respectively, net of a valuation allowance of $5 million and $4 million, respectively. The majority of the repossessed asset balance at December 31, 2024 related to a single office property. The Company held five properties at December 31, 2024 and 2023.

Leases

Leases	12 Months Ended
Leases	Dec. 31, 2024
Leases [Abstract]
Leases	8. LEASES The Company has operating leases under which it leases its branch offices, corporate headquarters, and other offices. As of December 31, 2024, and 2023, the Company's operating lease ROU asset totaled $128 million and $145 million, respectively, and operating lease liability totaled $159 million and $179 million, respectively. A weighted average discount rate of 3.08%, 2.96%, and 2.81% was used in the measurement of the ROU asset and lease liability as of December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 respectively. The Company's leases have remaining lease terms of one The following is a schedule of the Company's operating lease liabilities by contractual maturity as of December 31, 2024: (in millions) 2025 $ 32 2026 30 2027 28 2028 27 2029 25 Thereafter 33 Total lease payments $ 175 Less: imputed interest 16 Total present value of lease liabilities $ 159 The Company has no additional operating leases that will commence within the next 12 months. Total operating lease costs of $28.8 million and other lease costs of $6.0 million, which include common area maintenance, parking, and taxes during the year ended December 31, 2024, were included as part of Occupancy expense in the Consolidated Income Statement. For the year ended December 31, 2023, operating lease costs and other lease costs totaled $28.8 million and $4.9 million, respectively, and for the year ended December 31, 2022, totaled $25.4 million and $4.0 million, respectively. Short-term lease costs were not material for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022. The below table shows the supplemental cash flow information related to the Company's operating leases: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 (in millions) Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities $ 31.6 $ 19.3 $ 15.1 Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities 6.4 6.3 51.6

Goodwill and Other Intangible A

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets	12 Months Ended
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets	Dec. 31, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets	9. GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS Goodwill represents the excess consideration paid for net assets acquired in a business combination over their fair value. Goodwill and other intangible assets acquired in a business combination that are determined to have an indefinite useful life are not subject to amortization, but are subsequently evaluated for impairment at least annually. The Company performs its annual goodwill and intangibles impairment tests as of October 1 each year, or more often if events or circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2022, there were no events or circumstances that indicated an interim impairment test of goodwill or other intangible assets was necessary. During the year ended December 31, 2023, due to the industry disruption from the bank failures in early 2023, the Company performed an interim Step 0 goodwill impairment assessment as of each interim quarter end date. The Step 0 assessment included assessing the financial performance of the Company and analyzing qualitative factors applicable to the Company. As of each interim assessment date, management concluded that the long-term financial performance of the Company was not significantly altered as a result of these events or circumstances. Accordingly, it was determined that it was more likely than not the fair value of the Company and its reporting units exceeded their respective carrying values as of each interim assessment date. For the Company's annual goodwill impairment assessment as of October 1, 2024 and 2023, the Company elected to perform a Step 1 assessment. The Step 1 assessment employed income and a market approaches in determining the fair value of the Company’s reporting units. The income approach utilized the reporting unit's forecasted cash flows (including a terminal value approach to estimate cash flows beyond the final year of the forecast) and the reporting unit's estimated cost of equity as the discount rate to estimate value. Forecasted cash flows included estimates of earnings projections, growth, and credit loss expectations. The market approach relied upon valuation multiples derived from stock prices and enterprise values of publicly traded companies and also incorporated a control premium to develop an estimate of value. As of October 1, 2022, the Company performed a qualitative goodwill impairment assessment. Based on the analyses performed, the Company determined the fair value of the Company and its reporting units exceeded their respective carrying values and therefore, goodwill impairment charges were not recorded during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022. In addition, the Company's annual intangibles impairment assessment as of October 1, 2024, 2023 and 2022 indicated intangible assets were not impaired. Therefore, no impairment charges related to the Company's intangible assets were recorded during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022. Below is a summary of the Company's goodwill by reporting unit: December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Commercial banking (1) $ 290 $ 290 Mortgage banking (2) 200 200 Legal banking (3) 37 37 Total $ 527 $ 527 (1) This reporting unit offers a standard suite of commercial banking products and services through its traditional branch network, working together with the Company's national platform to provide specialized financial services, and is included within the Company's Commercial reportable segment. (2) This reporting unit offers mortgage lending products and services and is included within the Company's Consumer Related reportable segment. (3) This reporting unit provides specialized banking services to law firms and claims administrators, including settlement payment solutions, and is included within the Company's Consumer Related reportable segment. The following is a summary of the Company's acquired intangible assets: December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount (in millions) Subject to amortization Core deposits $ 14 $ 13 $ 1 $ 14 $ 12 $ 2 Correspondent customer relationships 76 14 62 76 10 66 Customer relationships 18 9 9 18 6 12 Developed technology 4 2 2 4 2 2 Operating licenses 56 6 50 56 4 52 Trade names 10 2 8 10 2 8 Total intangible assets subject to amortization $ 178 $ 46 $ 132 $ 178 $ 36 $ 142 As of December 31, 2024, the Company's intangible assets had a weighted average estimated useful life of 23.2 years. Amortization expense recognized on amortizable intangibles totaled $10.5 million, $10.5 million, and $10.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. Below is a summary of future estimated aggregate amortization expense as of December 31, 2024: (in millions) 2025 $ 10 2026 9 2027 8 2028 8 2029 6 Thereafter 91 Total $ 132

Deposits

Deposits	12 Months Ended
Deposits	Dec. 31, 2024
Other Liabilities Disclosure [Abstract]
Deposits	10. DEPOSITS The table below summarizes deposits by type: December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Non-interest bearing deposits $ 18,846 $ 14,520 Interest Bearing: Demand accounts 15,878 15,916 Savings and money market accounts 21,208 14,791 Time certificates of deposit ($250,000 or more) 1,640 1,478 Other time deposits (1) 8,769 8,628 Total deposits $ 66,341 $ 55,333 (1) Retail brokered time deposits over $250,000 of $5.6 billion and $5.8 billion as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, are included within Other time deposits as these deposits are generally participated out by brokers in shares below the FDIC insurance limit. The summary of the contractual maturities for all time deposits as of December 31, 2024 is as follows: (in millions) 2025 $ 9,861 2026 535 2027 10 2028 1 Thereafter 2 Total $ 10,409 Brokered deposits provide an additional source of deposits and are placed with the Bank through third-party brokers. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company held wholesale brokered deposits of $6.9 billion and $6.6 billion, respectively, excluding reciprocal deposits. In addition, WAB is a participant in the IntraFi Network, a network that offers deposit placement services such as CDARS and ICS, and other reciprocal deposit networks which offer products that qualify large deposits for FDIC insurance. At December 31, 2024, the Company had $14.0 billion of reciprocal deposits, compared to $13.3 billion at December 31, 2023. In addition, deposits for which the Company provides account holders with earnings credits or referral fees to taled $20.7 billion a

Other Borrowings

Other Borrowings	12 Months Ended
Other Borrowings	Dec. 31, 2024
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Other Borrowings	11. OTHER BORROWINGS The following table summarizes the Company’s borrowings by type: December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Short-Term: Federal funds purchased $ — $ 175 FHLB advances 3,100 6,200 Repurchase agreements 14 382 Secured borrowings 37 27 Total short-term borrowings $ 3,151 $ 6,784 Long-Term: FHLB advances 2,000 — Credit linked notes, net 422 446 Total long-term borrowings $ 2,422 $ 446 Total other borrowings $ 5,573 $ 7,230 Short-Term Borrowings Federal Funds Lines of Credit The Company maintains overnight federal fund lines of credit, which have rates comparable to the federal funds effective rate plus 0.10% to 0.20%. There were no outstanding borrowings on federal fund lines of credit as of December 31, 2024. FHLB and FRB Advances The Company also maintains secured overnight lines of credit with the FHLB and the FRB. The Company’s borrowing capacity is determined based on collateral pledged at the time of the borrowing, generally consisting of investment securities and loans. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had additional available credit with the FHLB of approximately $8.7 billion and $6.1 billion, respectively. The weighted average rate on FHLB advances was 4.77% and 5.67% as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Total available credit with the FRB was $12.4 billion and $16.7 billion as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, of which no amounts were drawn. In March 2023, the FRB established the Bank Term Funding Program which offered loans of up to one year in length to banks, savings associations, credit unions, and other eligible depository institutions pledging U.S. Treasuries, agency debt and mortgage-backed securities, and other qualifying assets as collateral valued at par. The Company had no outstanding borrowings under this program as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. Repurchase Agreements Warehouse borrowing lines of credit are used to finance the acquisition of loans through the use of repurchase agreements. Repurchase agreements operate as financings under which the Company transfers loans to secure these borrowings. The borrowing amounts are based on the attributes of the collateralized loans and are defined in the repurchase agreement of each warehouse lender. The Company retains beneficial ownership of the transferred loans and will receive the loans from the lender upon full repayment of the borrowing. The repurchase agreements may require the Company to transfer additional assets to the lender in the event the estimated fair value of the existing transferred loans declines. As of December 31, 2024, the Company had access to approximately $2.3 billion in uncommitted warehouse funding, of which no amounts were drawn. As of December 31, 2023, there were $376 million warehouse borrowings outstanding at a weighted average borrowing rate of 6.72%. Other repurchase facilities included overnight customer repurchase agreements, which had a total carrying value of $14 million and $6 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Secured Borrowings Secured borrowings consist of transfers of loans HFS not qualifying for sales accounting treatment. The weighted average interest rate on secured borrowings was 6.30% and 6.10% as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Long-Term Borrowings FHLB Advances During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company entered into long-term advances with the FHLB totaling $2.0 billion, with a 15-month term. The interest rates on these advances are tied to the daily SOFR rate plus a fixed spread. The Company may redeem the advances at par plus accrued and unpaid interest and, after three months from the inception date of the advances, will not be subject to a prepayment penalty. The agreements include a make-whole provision upon termination that is based on the interest rate difference between the then current advance interest rate and the interest rate on the terminated advances. The weighted average rate on these long-term FHLB advances was 4.85% as of December 31, 2024. Credit Linked Notes The Company entered into credit linked note transactions that effectively transfer the risk of first losses on reference pools of the Company's loans purchased under its residential mortgage purchase program to the purchasers of the notes. The principal and interest payable on these notes may be reduced by a portion of the Company's loss on such loans if one of the following occurs with respect to a covered loan: (i) realized losses incurred by the Company on a loan following a liquidation of the loan or certain other events, or (ii) a modification of the loan resulting in a reduction in payments. The aggregate losses, if any, for each payment date will be allocated to reduce the class principal amount and (for modifications) the current interest of the notes in reverse order of class priority. Losses on residential mortgages have not generally been significant. The Company's outstanding credit linked note issuances are detailed in the tables below: December 31, 2024 Description Issuance Date Maturity Date Interest Rate Principal Debt Issuance Costs (in millions) Residential mortgage loans (1) December 12, 2022 October 25, 2052 SOFR + 7.80% $ 84 $ 2 Residential mortgage loans (2) June 30, 2022 April 25, 2052 SOFR + 6.00% 170 3 Residential mortgage loans (3) December 29, 2021 July 25, 2059 SOFR + 4.67% 180 2 Total $ 434 $ 7 December 31, 2023 Description Issuance Date Maturity Date Interest Rate Principal Debt Issuance Costs (in millions) Residential mortgage loans (1) December 12, 2022 October 25, 2052 SOFR + 7.80% $ 90 $ 2 Residential mortgage loans (2) June 30, 2022 April 25, 2052 SOFR + 6.00% 179 3 Residential mortgage loans (3) December 29, 2021 July 25, 2059 SOFR + 4.67% 191 3 Total $ 460 $ 8 (1) There are multiple classes of these notes, each with an interest rate of SOFR plus a spread that ranges from 2.25% to 11.00% (or, a weighted average spread of 7.80%) on a reference pool balance of $1.7 billion and $1.8 billion as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. (2) There are multiple classes of these notes, each with an interest rate of SOFR plus a spread that ranges from 2.25% to 15.00% (or, a weighted average spread of 6.00%) on a reference pool balance of $3.4 billion and $3.6 billion as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. (3) There are six classes of these notes, each with an interest rate of SOFR plus a spread that ranges from 3.15% to 8.50% (or, a weighted average spread of 4.67%) on a reference pool balance of $3.5 billion and $3.8 billion as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The Company also had credit linked notes that effectively transferred the risk of first losses on certain pools of the Company’s warehouse and equity fund resource loans to the purchasers of these notes. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company recognized a gain on extinguishment of debt of $13.4 million related to the payoff of these credit linked notes. AmeriHome Senior Notes Prior to the Company's acquisition of AmeriHome, in October 2020, AmeriHome issued senior notes with an aggregate principal amount of $300 million, maturing on October 26, 2028. The Company paid off these notes during the year ended December 31, 2023 and recognized a gain on extinguishment of debt of $39.3 million related to the payoff.

Qualifying Debt

Qualifying Debt	12 Months Ended
Qualifying Debt	Dec. 31, 2024
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Qualifying Debt	12. QUALIFYING DEBT Subordinated Debt The Company's subordinated debt issuances are detailed in the tables below: December 31, 2024 Description Issuance Date Maturity Date Interest Rate Principal Debt Issuance Costs (in millions) WAL fixed-to-variable-rate (1) June 2021 June 15, 2031 3.00 % $ 600 $ 5 WAB fixed-to-variable-rate (2) May 2020 June 1, 2030 5.25 % 225 — Total $ 825 $ 5 December 31, 2023 Description Issuance Date Maturity Date Interest Rate Principal Debt Issuance Costs (in millions) WAL fixed-to-variable-rate (1) June 2021 June 15, 2031 3.00 % $ 600 $ 6 WAB fixed-to-variable-rate (2) May 2020 June 1, 2030 5.25 % 225 1 Total $ 825 $ 7 (1) Notes are redeemable, in whole or in part, beginning on June 15, 2026 at their principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest and has a fixed interest rate of 3.00%. The notes also convert to a variable rate of three-month SOFR plus 225 basis points on this date. (2) Debt is redeemable, in whole or in part, on or after June 1, 2025 at its principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest and has a fixed interest rate of 5.25% through June 1, 2025 and then converts to a variable rate per annum equal to three-month SOFR plus 512 basis points. The carrying value of all subordinated debt issuances totaled $820 million and $818 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Junior Subordinated Debt The Company has formed, or acquired through acquisition, eight statutory business trusts which exist for the exclusive purpose of issuing Cumulative Trust Preferred Securities. With the exception of debt issued by Bridge Capital Trust I and Bridge Capital Trust II, junior subordinated debt is recorded at fair value at each reporting date due to the FVO election made by the Company under ASC 825. The Company did not make the FVO election for the junior subordinated debt acquired in the Bridge acquisition. Accordingly, the carrying value of these trusts does not reflect the current fair value of the debt and includes a fair market value adjustment established at acquisition that is being accreted over the remaining life of the trusts. The carrying value of junior subordinated debt was $79 million and $77 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, with maturity dates ranging from 2033 through 2037. The weighted average interest rate of all junior subordinated debt as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 was 6.90% and 7.93%, respectively. In the event of certain changes or amendments to regulatory requirements or federal tax rules, the debt is redeemable in whole. The obligations under these instruments are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the Company and rank subordinate and junior in right of payment to all other liabilities of the Company. Based on guidance issued by the FRB, the Company's securities continue to qualify as Tier 1 Capital.

Stockholders' Equity

Stockholders' Equity	12 Months Ended
Stockholders' Equity	Dec. 31, 2024
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]
Stockholders' Equity	13. STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY Stock-Based Compensation Restricted Stock Awards The Incentive Plan, as amended, gives the BOD the authority to grant up to 14.6 million in stock awards consisting of unrestricted stock, stock units, dividend equivalent rights, stock options (incentive and non-qualified), stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, and performance and annual incentive awards. The Incentive Plan limits the maximum number of shares of common stock that may be awarded to any person eligible for an award to 300,000 per calendar year and also limits the total compensation (cash and stock) that can be awarded to a non-employee director to $600,000 in any calendar year. Stock awards available for grant at December 31, 2024 totaled 4.3 million. Restricted stock awards granted to employees generally vest over a three-year period and stock grants made to non-employee WAL directors generally vest over one year. Stock compensation expense related to restricted stock awards granted to employees is included in Salaries and employee benefits in the Consolidated Income Statement. For restricted stock awards granted to WAL directors, the related stock compensation expense is included in Legal, professional, and directors' fees. For the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company recognized $40.2 million in stock-based compensation expense related to these stock grants, compared to $32.7 million and $28.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. A summary of the status of the Company’s unvested shares of restricted stock and changes during the years then ended is presented below: December 31, 2024 2023 Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value (in millions, except per share amounts) Balance, beginning of period 1.1 $ 83.19 0.9 $ 84.16 Granted 0.8 62.03 0.6 72.32 Vested (0.3) 87.97 (0.3) 65.59 Forfeited (0.2) 71.09 (0.1) 82.46 Balance, end of period 1.4 $ 71.95 1.1 $ 83.19 The total weighted average grant date fair value of all restricted stock awards granted during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 was $47.2 million, $45.5 million, and $42.8 million, respectively. The total fair value of restricted stock that vested during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 was $19.9 million, $22.9 million, and $35.8 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, there was $36.4 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested share-based compensation arrangements granted under the Incentive Plan. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.8 years. Performance Stock Units The Company grants performance stock units to members of its executive management that do not vest unless the Company achieves certain performance measures over a three-year performance period. For the 2024 award, the performance measures are based on the Company’s relative return on equity and maintenance of a target CET1 ratio, and relative TSR performance. For the 2023 and 2022 awards, the performance measures are based on achievement of a specified cumulative EPS target and a TSR performance factor. The number of shares issued will vary based on the performance measures that are achieved. For the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company recognized $4.2 million in stock-based compensation expense related to these performance stock units, compared to $1.6 million and $11.1 million during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The three-year performance period for the 2022 grant ended on December 31, 2024. The Company did not meet the cumulative EPS and TSR performance measure for the performance period. As a result, no shares became fully vested. The three-year performance period for the 2021 grant ended on December 31, 2023, and based on the Company's cumulative EPS and TSR performance measure for the performance period, these shares vested at 168% of the target award under the terms of the grant. As a result, 129,942 shares became fully vested and were distributed to executive management in the first quarter of 2024. The three-year performance period for the 2020 grant ended on December 31, 2022, and based on the Company's cumulative EPS and TSR performance measure for the performance period, these shares vested at 180% of the target award under the terms of the grant. As a result, 157,784 shares became fully vested and were distributed to executive management in the first quarter of 2023. Cash Settled Restricted Stock Units During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company began granting cash settled restricted stock units to members of its executive management that vest equally on a monthly basis over a three-year period. As the awards are settled in cash and are not dependent on the occurrence of a future event, these awards are classified as liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. At each vesting date, the Company settles the vested stock units in cash at the settlement date stock price. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company recognized compensation expense of $1.3 million related to these awards. There were no such units outstanding during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. Deferred Stock Units During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company began granting deferred stock unit awards to certain members of its management team, which are intended to provide supplemental executive retirement benefits on an unfunded, unsecured basis. These awards can be settled in either stock or cash, at the Company's option. Participants are credited dividend equivalent units for any cash dividends paid with respect to the shares of stock underlying the stock units. These awards vest on the later of (i) the one-year anniversary of the grant date and (ii) the participant's satisfaction of age- and service-related eligibility criteria for a qualified retirement. The aggregate grant date fair value for these deferred stock unit awards granted during the year ended December 31, 2024 totaled $5.7 million. Stock compensation expense related to these deferred stock units is included in Salaries and employee benefits in the Consolidated Income Statement. For the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company recognized $3.3 million in stock-based compensation expense related to these stock grants. There were no such units outstanding during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. Preferred Stock The Company issued and has outstanding 12,000,000 depositary shares, each representing a 1/400th ownership interest in a share of the Company’s 4.250% Fixed-Rate Reset Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Shares, Series A, par value $0.0001 per share, with a liquidation preference of $25 per depositary share (equivalent to $10,000 per share of Series A preferred stock). During each of the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, the Company declared and paid a quarterly cash dividend of $0.27 per depositary share, for a total dividend payment to preferred stockholders of $12.8 million. Common Stock Issuances Pursuant to ATM Distribution Agreement The Company had a distribution agency agreement, under which the Company sold shares of its common stock on the NYSE. The common stock was sold at prevailing market prices at the time of the sale or at negotiated prices. There were no sales under the ATM program during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company sold 1.9 million shares under the ATM program for gross proceeds of $158.7 million (weighted-average selling price of $83.89 per share) and related offering costs of $1.0 million. Cash Dividend on Common Shares During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company declared and paid quarterly cash dividends of $0.37 per share for the first three quarters of the year and increased the quarterly cash dividend to $0.38 per share in the fourth quarter, for a total dividend payment to stockholders of $164.0 million. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company declared and paid a quarterly cash dividend of $0.36 per share for the first three quarters of the year and increased the quarterly cash dividend to $0.37 per share in the fourth quarter, for a total dividend payment to stockholders of $158.7 million. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company declared and paid a quarterly cash dividend of $0.35 per share for the first two quarters of the year and increased the quarterly cash dividend to $0.36 per share for the last two quarters of the year, for a total dividend payment to stockholders of $153.4 million. Treasury Shares

Accumulated Other Comprehensive

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	12 Months Ended
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Dec. 31, 2024
Equity [Abstract]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	14. ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) The following table summarizes the changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) by component, net of tax: Unrealized holding gains (losses) on AFS securities Unrealized holding losses on SERP Unrealized holding gains (losses) on junior subordinated debt Impairment loss on securities Total (in millions) Balance, December 31, 2021 $ 16.7 $ (0.3) $ (0.7) $ — $ 15.7 Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications (674.9) — 3.7 — (671.2) Amounts reclassified from AOCI (5.5) — — — (5.5) Net current-period other comprehensive (loss) income (680.4) — 3.7 — (676.7) Balance, December 31, 2022 $ (663.7) $ (0.3) $ 3.0 $ — $ (661.0) Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications 116.9 — (0.2) 1.2 117.9 Amounts reclassified from AOCI 30.2 — — — 30.2 Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss) 147.1 — (0.2) 1.2 148.1 Balance, December 31, 2023 $ (516.6) $ (0.3) $ 2.8 $ 1.2 $ (512.9) Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications (5.1) (0.1) (1.4) (1.2) (7.8) Amounts reclassified from AOCI (13.0) — — — (13.0) Net current-period other comprehensive loss (18.1) (0.1) (1.4) (1.2) (20.8) Balance, December 31, 2024 $ (534.7) $ (0.4) $ 1.4 $ — $ (533.7) The following table presents reclassifications out of AOCI: Year Ended December 31, Income Statement Classification 2024 2023 2022 (in millions) Gain (loss) on sales of AFS debt securities, net $ 17.4 $ (40.4) $ 7.4 Income tax (expense) benefit (4.4) 10.2 (1.9) Gain (loss), net of tax $ 13.0 $ (30.2) $ 5.5

Derivatives and Hedging Activit

Derivatives and Hedging Activities	12 Months Ended
Derivatives and Hedging Activities	Dec. 31, 2024
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]
Derivatives and Hedging Activities	15. DERIVATIVES AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES The Company is a party to various derivative instruments. The primary types of derivatives the Company uses are interest rate contracts, forward purchase and sale commitments, and interest rate futures. Generally, these instruments are used to help manage the Company's exposure to interest rate risk related to IRLCs and its inventory of loans HFS and MSRs and also to meet client financing and hedging needs. Derivatives are recorded at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, after taking into account the effects of bilateral collateral and master netting agreements. These agreements allow the Company to settle all derivative contracts held with the same counterparty on a net basis, and to offset net derivative positions with related cash collateral, where applicable. As of December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, the Company did not have any outstanding cash flow hedges. Derivatives Designated in Hedge Relationships The Company utilizes derivatives that have been designated as part of a hedge relationship in accordance with the applicable accounting guidance to minimize the exposure to changes in benchmark interest rates, which reduces asset sensitivity and volatility due to interest rate fluctuations, such that interest rate risk falls within Board approved limits. The primary derivative instruments used to manage interest rate risk are interest rate swaps, which convert the contractual interest rate index of agreed-upon amounts of assets and liabilities (i.e., notional amounts) from either a fixed rate to a variable rate, or from a variable rate to a fixed rate. The Company has pay fixed/receive variable interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges of certain fixed rate loans. As a result, the Company receives variable-rate interest payments in exchange for making fixed-rate payments over the lives of the contracts without exchanging the notional amounts. The variable-rate interest payments were based on LIBOR and were converted to SOFR plus a spread adjustment upon the discontinuation of LIBOR in June 2023. The Company also has pay fixed/receive variable interest rate swaps, designated as fair value hedges using the portfolio layer method to manage the exposure to changes in fair value associated with pools of fixed rate loans, resulting from changes in the designated benchmark interest rate (federal funds rate). These portfolio layer hedges provide the Company the ability to execute a fair value hedge of the interest rate risk associated with a portfolio of similar prepayable assets, whereby the last dollar amount estimated to remain in the portfolio of assets was identified as the hedged item. Under these interest rate swap contracts, the Company receives a variable rate and pays a fixed rate on the outstanding notional amount. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company terminated a portion of its portfolio layer method swaps. The terminated hedge had a notional value of $500 million and a cumulative loan basis adjustment of $4 million at the time of termination. The cumulative loan basis adjustment was allocated to the individual loans remaining within the closed pool and will be amortized over the remaining life of these loans through interest income. The Company also had pay fixed/receive variable interest rate swaps, designated as fair value hedges using the last-of-layer method. Upon termination of these last-of-layer hedges in 2022, the cumulative basis adjustment on these hedges was allocated across the remaining loan pool and was being amortized over the remaining term. The terminated last-of-layer hedge basis adjustment was fully amortized at December 31, 2024. Derivatives Not Designated in Hedge Relationships Management enters into certain contracts and agreements, including foreign exchange derivative contracts, back-to-back interest rate contracts, and risk participation agreements and equity warrants, which are not designated as accounting hedges. Foreign exchange derivative contracts include spot, forward, forward window, and swap contracts. The purpose of these derivative contracts is to mitigate foreign currency risk on transactions entered into, or on behalf of customers. The Company's back-to-back interest rate contracts are used to allow customers to manage long-term interest rate risk. Contracts with customers, along with the related derivative trades the Company places, are both remeasured at fair value, and are referred to as economic hedges since they economically offset the Company's exposure. The Company also uses derivative financial instruments to manage exposure to interest rate risk within its mortgage banking business related to IRLCs and its inventory of loans HFS and MSRs. The Company economically hedges the changes in fair value associated with changes in interest rates generally by utilizing forward purchase and sale commitments, interest rate futures and interest rate contracts. Risk participation agreements are entered into with lead banks in certain loan syndications to share in the risk of default on interest rate swaps on the participated loan. Equity warrants represent the right to buy shares in a company at a specified price and are acquired by the Company primarily in connection with negotiating credit facilities and certain other services to private, venture-backed companies in the technology industry. Fair Value Hedges As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the following amounts are reflected on the Consolidated Balance Sheet related to cumulative basis adjustments for outstanding fair value hedges: December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 Carrying Value of Hedged Assets Cumulative Fair Value Hedging Adjustment (1) Carrying Value of Hedged Assets Cumulative Fair Value Hedging Adjustment (1) (in millions) Loans HFI, net of deferred loan fees and costs (2) $ 4,320 $ (96) $ 3,875 $ 6 (1) Included in the carrying value of the hedged assets. (2) Included portfolio layer method derivative instruments with $4.0 billion and $3.5 billion designated as the hedged amount (from a closed portfolio of prepayable fixed rate loans with a carrying value of $8.7 billion and $6.7 billion) as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The cumulative basis adjustment included in the carrying value of these hedged items totaled $78 million and $19 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. For the Company's derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as fair value hedges, the gain or loss on the derivative instrument as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in current period earnings. The loss or gain on the hedged item is recognized in the same line item as the offsetting loss or gain on the related interest rate swaps. For loans, the gain or loss on the hedged item is included in interest income, as shown in the table below. Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Income Statement Classification Gain/(Loss) on Swaps Gain/(Loss) on Hedged Item Gain/(Loss) on Swaps Gain/(Loss) on Hedged Item Gain/(Loss) on Swaps Gain/(Loss) on Hedged Item (in millions) Interest income $ 99.7 $ (100.3) $ (22.8) $ 23.8 $ 71.7 $ (71.6) In addition to the gains and losses on the Company's outstanding fair value hedges presented in the above table, the Company recognized $11.8 million in interest income related to the amortization of the cumulative basis adjustment on its discontinued last-of-layer hedges during the year ended December 31, 2023. The discontinued last-of-layer hedges were fully amortized as of December 31, 2024 with interest income recognized during the year totaling $8.9 million. Fair Values, Volume of Activity, and Gain/Loss Information Related to Derivative Instruments The following table summarizes the fair value of the Company's derivative instruments on a gross basis as of December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022. The change in the notional amounts of these derivatives from December 31, 2022 to December 31, 2024 indicates the volume of the Company's derivative transaction activity during these periods. The derivative asset and liability balances are presented on a gross basis, prior to the application of bilateral collateral and master netting agreements. Total derivative assets and liabilities are adjusted to take into account the impact of legally enforceable master netting agreements that allow the Company to settle all derivative contracts with the same counterparty on a net basis and to offset the net derivative position with the related cash collateral. Where master netting agreements are not in effect or are not enforceable under bankruptcy laws, the Company does not adjust those derivative amounts with counterparties. December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Fair Value Fair Value Fair Value Notional Derivative Assets Derivative Liabilities Notional Derivative Assets Derivative Liabilities Notional Derivative Assets Derivative Liabilities (in millions) Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: Fair value hedges Interest rate contracts $ 4,344 $ 97 $ — $ 3,895 $ 19 $ 24 $ 476 $ 18 $ — Total $ 4,344 $ 97 $ — $ 3,895 $ 19 $ 24 $ 476 $ 18 $ — Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: Foreign currency contracts $ 69 $ 1 $ 1 $ 135 $ 1 $ 1 $ 250 $ 1 $ 9 Forward contracts 21,731 81 48 13,170 27 55 7,694 17 21 Futures contracts (1) 13,200 — — 11,030 — — 8,706 — — Interest rate lock commitments 2,396 5 7 1,822 18 — 1,459 5 3 Interest rate contracts 6,336 19 20 3,628 19 20 1,538 6 6 Risk participation agreements 99 — — 72 — — 48 — — Equity warrants 59 30 — 55 4 — — — — Total $ 43,890 $ 136 $ 76 $ 29,912 $ 69 $ 76 $ 19,695 $ 29 $ 39 Margin — 72 3 — 202 (9) — 4 1 Total, including margin $ 43,890 $ 208 $ 79 $ 29,912 $ 271 $ 67 $ 19,695 $ 33 $ 40 (1) The Company enters into futures purchase and sales contracts that are subject to daily remargining and almost all of which are based on three-month SOFR to hedge against its MSR valuation exposure. The notional amount on these contracts is substantial as these contracts have a short duration and are intended to cover the longer duration of MSR hedges. The fair value of derivative contracts, after taking into account the effects of master netting agreements, is included in Other assets or Other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, as summarized in the table below: December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Gross amount of recognized assets (liabilities) Gross offset Net assets (liabilities) Gross amount of recognized assets (liabilities) Gross offset Net assets (liabilities) Gross amount of recognized assets (liabilities) Gross offset Net assets (liabilities) (in millions) Derivatives subject to master netting arrangements: Assets Foreign currency contracts $ 1 $ — $ 1 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Forward contracts 81 — 81 27 — 27 14 — 14 Interest rate contracts 106 — 106 31 — 31 18 — 18 Margin 72 — 72 202 — 202 4 — 4 Netting — (52) (52) — (67) (67) — (17) (17) $ 260 $ (52) $ 208 $ 260 $ (67) $ 193 $ 36 $ (17) $ 19 Liabilities Foreign currency contracts $ — $ — $ — $ (1) $ — $ (1) $ — $ — $ — Forward contracts (47) — (47) (55) — (55) (20) — (20) Interest rate contracts (6) — (6) (31) — (31) — — — Margin (3) — (3) 9 — 9 (1) — (1) Netting — 52 52 — 67 67 — 17 17 $ (56) $ 52 $ (4) $ (78) $ 67 $ (11) $ (21) $ 17 $ (4) Derivatives not subject to master netting arrangements: Assets Foreign currency contracts $ — $ — $ — $ 1 $ — $ 1 $ 1 $ — $ 1 Forward contracts — — — — — — 3 — 3 Interest rate lock commitments 5 — 5 18 — 18 5 — 5 Interest rate contracts 10 — 10 7 — 7 6 — 6 Equity warrants 30 — 30 4 — 4 — — — $ 45 $ — $ 45 $ 30 $ — $ 30 $ 15 $ — $ 15 Liabilities Foreign currency contracts $ (1) $ — $ (1) $ — $ — $ — $ (9) $ — $ (9) Forward contracts (1) — (1) — — — (1) — (1) Interest rate lock commitments (7) — (7) — — — (3) — (3) Interest rate contracts (14) — (14) (13) — (13) (6) — (6) $ (23) $ — $ (23) $ (13) $ — $ (13) $ (19) $ — $ (19) Total derivatives and margin Assets $ 305 $ (52) $ 253 $ 290 $ (67) $ 223 $ 51 $ (17) $ 34 Liabilities (79) 52 (27) (91) 67 (24) (40) 17 (23) The following table summarizes the net gain (loss) on derivatives included in the non-interest income line items below: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Net gain (loss) on loan origination and sale activities: Forward contracts $ 84.8 $ 29.0 Interest rate lock commitments (20.0) 15.9 Interest rate contracts (6.3) (8.9) Other contracts (0.4) 1.0 Net gain on derivatives $ 58.1 $ 37.0 Net loan servicing revenue: Interest rate swaps $ (72.3) $ (32.4) Forward contracts (43.9) (15.4) Futures contracts 5.9 4.5 Net loss on derivatives $ (110.3) $ (43.3) Counterparty Credit Risk Like other financial instruments, derivatives contain an element of credit risk. This risk is measured as the expected replacement value of the contracts. Management enters into bilateral collateral and master netting agreements that provide for the net settlement of all contracts with the same counterparty. Additionally, management monitors counterparty credit risk exposure on each contract to determine appropriate limits on the Company's total credit exposure across all product types, which may require the Company to post collateral to counterparties when these contracts are in a net liability position and conversely, for counterparties to post collateral to the Company when these contracts are in a net asset position. Management reviews the Company's collateral positions on a daily basis and exchanges collateral with counterparties in accordance with standard ISDA documentation and other related agreements. The Company generally posts or holds collateral in the form of cash deposits or highly rated securities issued by the U.S. Treasury or government-sponsored enterprises (FNMA and FHLMC), or guaranteed by GNMA. At December 31, 2024, and 2023 collateral pledged by the Company to counterparties for its derivatives totaled $117 million and $216 million, respectively.

Earnings per Share

Earnings per Share	12 Months Ended
Earnings per Share	Dec. 31, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Earnings per Share	16. EARNINGS PER SHARE Diluted EPS is calculated using the weighted average outstanding common shares during the period, including common stock equivalents. Basic EPS is calculated using the weighted average outstanding common shares during the period. The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted EPS: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 (in millions, except per share amounts) Weighted average shares - basic 108.6 108.3 107.2 Dilutive effect of stock awards 0.7 0.2 0.4 Weighted average shares - diluted 109.3 108.5 107.6 Net income available to common stockholders $ 774.9 $ 709.6 $ 1,044.5 Earnings per common share: Basic $ 7.14 $ 6.55 $ 9.74 Diluted 7.09 6.54 9.70

Income Taxes

Income Taxes	12 Months Ended
Income Taxes	Dec. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Taxes	17. INCOME TAXES The provision for income tax expense consists of the following components: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 (in millions) Current $ 191.1 $ 236.1 $ 327.4 Deferred 12.4 (24.9) (68.6) Total tax expense $ 203.5 $ 211.2 $ 258.8 The following table presents a reconciliation between the statutory federal income tax rate and the Company’s effective tax rate: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 (in millions) Income tax at statutory rate $ 208.2 $ 196.1 $ 276.4 Increase (decrease) resulting from: Non-deductible insurance premiums 31.1 24.1 5.2 State income taxes, net of federal benefits 18.3 35.0 45.4 Tax-exempt income (31.3) (28.3) (26.0) Investment tax credits (19.7) (13.2) (32.1) Other, net (3.1) (2.5) (10.1) Total tax expense $ 203.5 $ 211.2 $ 258.8 Effective tax rate 20.5 % 22.6 % 19.7 % The decrease in the effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023 was primarily due to increases in investment tax credit benefits and tax-exempt income. The increase in the effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 was primarily due to decreases in pre-tax book income and investment tax credit benefits, as well as an increase in nondeductible insurance premium expenses. The cumulative tax effects of the temporary differences are shown in the following table: December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Deferred tax assets: Unrealized loss on AFS securities $ 175 $ 170 Allowance for credit losses 109 96 Research and experimentation costs 41 32 Lease liability 41 46 Net operating loss carryovers 17 7 FDIC special assessment 13 17 Other 52 51 Total gross deferred tax assets 448 419 Deferred tax asset valuation allowance — — Total deferred tax assets 448 419 Deferred tax liabilities: Right of use asset (33) (37) Mortgage servicing rights (31) (11) Premises and equipment (30) (19) Unearned premiums (15) (15) Goodwill (13) (9) Deferred loan costs (12) (11) Leasing basis differences (9) (11) Other (24) (19) Total deferred tax liabilities (167) (132) Deferred tax assets, net $ 281 $ 287 At December 31, 2024, the net DTA balance totaled $281 million, a decrease from $287 million at December 31, 2023. Although realization is not assured, the Company believes the realization of the recognized net DTA of $281 million at December 31, 2024 is more-likely-than-not based on expectations as to future taxable income and based on available tax planning strategies that could be implemented if necessary to prevent a carryover from expiring. The Company had no deferred tax valuation allowance as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. As of December 31, 2024, the Company’s gross federal NOL carryovers, all of which are subject to limitations under Section 382 of the IRC, totaled $36 million, for which a DTA of $3 million has been recorded, which reflects the expected benefit of these federal NOL carryovers after application of the Section 382 limitation. The Company also generated a total of $355 million of gross NOLs in the states of Arizona, Nebraska, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia as of December 31, 2024, for which a DTA of $14 million has been recorded. The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and in various states. With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal, state, or local income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2020. When tax returns are filed, it is highly certain most positions taken would be sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities, while others are subject to uncertainty about the merits of the position taken or the amount of the position that would ultimately be sustained. The benefit of a tax position is recognized in the Consolidated Financial Statements in the period in which, based on all available evidence, management believes it is more-likely-than-not the position will be sustained upon examination, including the resolution of appeals or litigation processes, if any. Tax positions taken are not offset or aggregated with other positions. Tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold are measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that is more than 50% likely of being realized upon settlement with the applicable taxing authority. The portion of the benefits associated with tax positions taken that exceeds the amount measured as described above is reflected as a liability for unrecognized tax benefits on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet along with any associated interest and penalties payable to the taxing authorities upon examination. The total gross activity of unrecognized tax benefits related to the Company's uncertain tax positions are shown in the following table: December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Beginning balance $ 7.9 $ 6.6 Gross increases Tax positions in prior periods — 0.4 Current period tax positions 0.3 0.9 Gross decreases Tax positions in prior periods (0.5) — Ending balance $ 7.7 $ 7.9 During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company added a new position, which resulted in a tax detriment of $0.3 million. In addition, $0.5 million related to prior period tax positions were reversed due to lapses in the statute of limitations. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, unrecognized tax benefits, net of associated deferred tax benefits, totaled $6.6 million and $6.9 million, respectively, that, if recognized, would favorably impact the effective tax rate. The Company believes it is reasonably possible that an unrecognized tax benefit will be reduced by $0.6 million within the next 12 months due to lapse of statute. During the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, no amounts were recognized for interest and penalties as it relates to uncertain tax positions and as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, there was no accrual for penalties and interest. LIHTC and renewable energy projects The Company holds ownership interests in limited partnerships and limited liability companies that invest in affordable housing and renewable energy projects. These investments are designed to generate a return primarily through the realization of federal tax credits and deductions. Investments in LIHTC and renewable energy totaled $606 million and $573 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Unfunded LIHTC and renewable energy obligations are included in Other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet and totaled $320 million and $322 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The Company recognized $77.6 million, $64.1 million, and $57.2 million of tax credits related to LIHTC investments for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, $75.2 million, $64.3 million, and $63.2 million of amortization related to LIHTC investments was recognized as a component of income tax expense, respectively.

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies	12 Months Ended
Commitments and Contingencies	Dec. 31, 2024
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies	18. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES Unfunded Commitments and Letters of Credit The Company is party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and letters of credit. They involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk in excess of amounts recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. Lines of credit are obligations to lend money to a borrower. Credit risk arises when the borrower's current financial condition may indicate less ability to pay than when the commitment was originally made. In the case of letters of credit, the risk arises from the potential failure of the customer to perform according to the terms of a contract. In such a situation, the third party might draw on the letter of credit to pay for completion of the contract and the Company would look to its customer to repay these funds with interest. To minimize the risk, the Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it would for a loan to that customer. Letters of credit and financial guarantees are commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party in borrowing arrangements. The Company generally has recourse to recover from the customer any amounts paid under the guarantees. A summary of the contractual amounts for unfunded commitments and letters of credit are as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Commitments to extend credit, including unsecured loan commitments of $860 and $989 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively $ 13,546 $ 13,291 Credit card commitments and financial guarantees 585 418 Letters of credit, including unsecured letters of credit of $2 and $4 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively 437 222 Total $ 14,568 $ 13,931 The following table represents the contractual commitments for lines and letters of credit by maturity at December 31, 2024: Amount of Commitment Expiration per Period Total Amounts Committed Less Than 1 Year 1-3 Years 3-5 Years After 5 Years (in millions) Commitments to extend credit $ 13,546 $ 3,298 $ 5,465 $ 2,279 $ 2,504 Credit card commitments and financial guarantees 585 585 — — — Letters of credit 437 179 29 137 92 Total $ 14,568 $ 4,062 $ 5,494 $ 2,416 $ 2,596 Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer provided there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. The Company enters into credit arrangements that generally provide for the termination of advances in the event of a covenant violation or other event of default. As commitments may expire without being fully drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Company evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Company upon extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the party. The commitments are collateralized by the same types of assets used as loan collateral. The Company has exposure to credit losses from unfunded commitments and letters of credit. As funds have not been disbursed on these commitments, they are not reported as loans outstanding. Credit losses related to these commitments are included in Other liabilities as a separate loss contingency and are not included in the ACL reported in "Note 4. Loans, Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses" of these Consolidated Financial Statements. This loss contingency for unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit was $40 million and $32 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Changes to this liability are adjusted through the provision for credit losses in the Consolidated Income Statement. Commitments to Invest in Renewable Energy Projects The Company has off-balance sheet commitments to invest in renewable energy projects, as described in "Note 17. Income Taxes" of these Consolidated Financial Statements, subject to the underlying project meeting certain milestones. These conditional commitments totaled $6 million and $32 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Concentrations of Lending Activities The Company does not have a single external customer from which it derives 10% or more of its revenues. The Company monitors concentrations of lending activities at the product and borrower relationship level. Commercial and industrial loans made up 43% and 38% of the Company's HFI loan portfolio as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The Company's loan portfolio includes significant credit exposure to the CRE market. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, CRE related loans accounted for approximately 30% and 33% of total loans, respectively. Approximately 16% of these CRE loans, excluding construction and land loans, were owner-occupied as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. No borrower relationships at both the commitment and funded loan level exceeded 5% of total loans HFI as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. Contingencies The Company is involved in various lawsuits of a routine nature that are being handled and defended in the ordinary course of the Company’s business. Expenses are being incurred in connection with these lawsuits, but in the opinion of management, based in part on consultation with outside legal counsel, the resolution of these lawsuits and associated defense costs will not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

Fair Value Accounting

Fair Value Accounting	12 Months Ended
Fair Value Accounting	Dec. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Fair Value Accounting	19. FAIR VALUE ACCOUNTING The fair value of an asset or liability is the price that would be received to sell the asset or paid to transfer the liability in an orderly transaction occurring in the principal market (or most advantageous market in the absence of a principal market) for such asset or liability. In estimating fair value, the Company utilizes valuation techniques that are consistent with the market approach, the income approach, and/or the cost approach. Such valuation techniques are consistently applied. Inputs to valuation techniques include the assumptions market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. ASC 825 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under ASC 825 are described in "Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" of these Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. In general, fair value is based upon quoted market prices, where available. If such quoted market prices are not available, fair value is based upon internally-developed models that primarily use, as inputs, observable market-based parameters. Valuation adjustments may be made to ensure financial instruments are recorded at fair value. These adjustments may include amounts to reflect counterparty credit quality and the Company’s creditworthiness, among other things, as well as unobservable parameters. Any such valuation adjustments are applied consistently over time. The Company’s valuation methodologies may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. While management believes the Company’s valuation methodologies are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date. A more detailed description of the valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities measured at fair value is set forth below. Under ASC 825, the Company elected the FVO treatment for junior subordinated debt issued by WAL. This election is irrevocable and results in the recognition of unrealized gains and losses on the debt at each reporting date. These unrealized gains and losses are recognized in OCI rather than earnings. The Company did not elect FVO treatment for the junior subordinated debt assumed in the Bridge Capital Holdings acquisition. The following table presents unrealized gains and losses from fair value changes on junior subordinated debt: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 (in millions) Unrealized (losses) gains $ (1.9) $ (0.3) $ 4.9 Changes included in OCI, net of tax (1.4) (0.2) 3.7 Fair value on a recurring basis Financial assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis include the following: AFS debt securities: Securities classified as AFS are reported at fair value utilizing Level 1 and Level 2 inputs. For these securities, the Company obtains fair value measurements from an independent pricing service. The fair value measurements consider observable data that may include quoted prices in active markets, dealer quotes, market spreads, cash flows, the U.S. Treasury yield curve, live trading levels, trade execution data, market consensus prepayment speeds, credit information, and the bond’s terms and conditions, among other things. Equity securities: Preferred stock and CRA investments are reported at fair value utilizing Level 1 inputs. Independent pricing service: The Company's independent pricing service provides pricing information on the majority of the Company's Level 1 and Level 2 AFS debt securities. For a small subset of securities, other pricing sources are used, including observed prices on publicly traded securities and dealer quotes. Management independently evaluates the fair value measurements received from the Company's third-party pricing service through multiple review steps. First, management reviews what has transpired in the marketplace with respect to interest rates, credit spreads, volatility, and mortgage rates, among other things, and develops an expectation of changes to the securities' valuations from the previous quarter. Then, management selects a sample of investment securities and compares the values provided by its primary third-party pricing service to the market values obtained from secondary sources, including other pricing services and safekeeping statements, and evaluates those with notable variances. In instances where there are discrepancies in pricing from various sources and management expectations, management may manually price securities using currently observed market data to determine whether they can develop similar prices or may utilize bid information from broker dealers. Any remaining discrepancies between management's review and the prices provided by the vendor are discussed with the vendor and/or the Company's other valuation advisors. Loans HFS : Government-insured or guaranteed and agency-conforming 1-4 family residential loans HFS are salable into active markets. Accordingly, the fair value of these loans is based primarily on quoted market or contracted selling prices or a market price equivalent, which are categorized as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. Mortgage servicing rights : MSRs are measured based on valuation techniques using Level 3 inputs. The Company uses a discounted cash flow model that incorporates assumptions market participants would use in estimating the fair value of servicing rights, including, but not limited to, option adjusted spread, conditional prepayment rate, servicing fee rate, recapture rate, and cost to service. Derivative financial instruments : Forward contracts are measured based on valuation techniques using Level 2 inputs, such as quoted market prices, contracted selling prices, or a market price equivalent. Interest rate and foreign currency contracts are reported at fair value utilizing Level 2 inputs. The Company obtains dealer quotations to value its interest rate contracts. IRLCs are measured based on valuation techniques that consider loan type, underlying loan amount, maturity date, note rate, loan program, and expected settlement date, with Level 3 inputs for the servicing release premium and pull-through rate. These measurements are adjusted at the loan level to consider the servicing release premium and loan pricing adjustment specific to each loan. The base value is then adjusted for estimated pull-through rates. The pull-through rate and servicing fee multiple are unobservable inputs based on historical experience. Equity warrants are measured using a Black-Scholes option pricing model based on contractual strike price, expected term, the risk-free interest rate, and volatility, which may be adjusted for a lack of marketability. The volatility input is considered Level 3 as the underlying equity is not publicly traded and is determined using comparable publicly traded companies. Junior subordinated debt: The Company estimates the fair value of its junior subordinated debt using a discounted cash flow model which incorporates the effect of the Company’s own credit risk in the fair value of the liabilities (Level 3). The Company’s cash flow assumptions are based on contractual cash flows as the Company anticipates it will pay the debt according to its contractual terms. The fair value of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis was determined using the following inputs: Fair Value Measurements at the End of the Reporting Period Using: Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets Significant Other Observable Inputs Significant Unobservable Inputs Fair Value (in millions) December 31, 2024 Available-for-sale debt securities Residential MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA $ — $ 5,831 $ — $ 5,831 U.S. Treasury securities 4,383 — — 4,383 Private label residential MBS — 947 — 947 Tax-exempt — 845 — 845 CLO — 570 — 570 Commercial MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA — 437 — 437 Corporate debt securities — 386 — 386 Other 2 67 — 69 Total AFS debt securities $ 4,385 $ 9,083 $ — $ 13,468 Equity securities Preferred stock $ 91 $ — $ — $ 91 CRA investments 26 — — 26 Total equity securities $ 117 $ — $ — $ 117 Loans HFS (2) $ — $ 2,240 $ 4 $ 2,244 Mortgage servicing rights — — 1,127 1,127 Derivative assets (1) — 198 35 233 Liabilities: Junior subordinated debt (3) $ — $ — $ 65 $ 65 Derivative liabilities (1) — 69 7 76 (1) See "Note 15. Derivatives and Hedging Activities." In addition, the carrying value of loans was decreased by $96 million as of December 31, 2024 for the effective portion of the hedge, which relates to the fair value of the hedges put in place to mitigate against fluctuations in interest rates. Derivative assets and liabilities exclude margin of $72 million and $3 million, respectively. (2) Includes only the portion of loans HFS that is recorded at fair value at each reporting period pursuant to the election of FVO treatment. (3) Includes only the portion of junior subordinated debt that is recorded at fair value at each reporting period pursuant to the election of FVO treatment. Fair Value Measurements at the End of the Reporting Period Using: Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets Significant Other Observable Inputs Significant Unobservable Inputs Fair (in millions) December 31, 2023 Assets: Available-for-sale debt securities U.S. Treasury securities $ 4,853 $ — $ — $ 4,853 Residential MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA — 1,972 — 1,972 CLO — 1,399 — 1,399 Private label residential MBS — 1,117 — 1,117 Tax-exempt — 858 — 858 Commercial MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA — 530 — 530 Corporate debt securities — 367 — 367 Other 28 41 — 69 Total AFS debt securities $ 4,881 $ 6,284 $ — $ 11,165 Equity securities Preferred stock $ 100 $ — $ — $ 100 CRA investments 26 — — 26 Total equity securities $ 126 $ — $ — $ 126 Loans - HFS (2) $ — $ 1,377 $ 3 $ 1,380 Mortgage servicing rights — — 1,124 1,124 Derivative assets (1) — 66 22 88 Liabilities: Junior subordinated debt (3) $ — $ — $ 63 $ 63 Derivative liabilities (1) — 100 — 100 (1) See "Note 15. Derivatives and Hedging Activities." In addition, the carrying value of loans was increased by $6 million as of December 31, 2023 for the effective portion of the hedge, which relates to the fair value of the hedges put in place to mitigate against fluctuations in interest rates. Derivative assets and liabilities exclude margin of $202 million and $(9) million, respectively. (2) Includes only the portion of loans HFS that is recorded at fair value at each reporting period pursuant to the election of FVO treatment. (3) Includes only the portion of junior subordinated debt that is recorded at fair value at each reporting period pursuant to the election of FVO treatment. The change in Level 3 liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis included in OCI was as follows: Junior Subordinated Debt Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 (in millions) Beginning balance $ (62.8) $ (62.5) $ (67.4) Change in fair value (1) (1.9) (0.3) 4.9 Ending balance $ (64.7) $ (62.8) $ (62.5) (1) Unrealized (losses) gains attributable to changes in the fair value of junior subordinated debt are recorded in OCI, net of tax, and totaled $(1.4) million, $(0.2) million, and $3.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements of these Level 3 liabilities were as follows: December 31, 2024 Valuation Technique Significant Unobservable Inputs Input Value (in millions) Junior subordinated debt $ 65 Discounted cash flow Implied credit rating of the Company 7.43 % December 31, 2023 Valuation Technique Significant Unobservable Inputs Input Value (in millions) Junior subordinated debt $ 63 Discounted cash flow Implied credit rating of the Company 8.92 % The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s junior subordinated debt as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 was the implied credit risk for the Company. The implied credit risk spread as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 was calculated as the difference between the average of the 10 and 15-year 'BB' rated financial indexes over the corresponding swap indexes. As of December 31, 2024, the Company estimates the discount rate at 7.43%, which represents an implied credit spread of 3.12% plus three-month SOFR (4.31%). As of December 31, 2023, the Company estimated the discount rate at 8.92%, which was a 3.59% credit spread plus three-month SOFR (5.33%). The change in Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis included in income was as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2024 2023 MSRs IRLCs (1) MSRs IRLCs (1) (in millions) Balance, beginning of period $ 1,124 $ 18 $ 1,148 $ 2 Purchases and additions 923 18,896 865 15,434 Sales and payments (905) — (800) — Settlement of IRLCs upon acquisition or origination of loans HFS — (18,916) — (15,420) Change in fair value 144 — 11 2 Mark to market adjustments — — 4 — Realization of cash flows (159) — (104) — Balance, end of period $ 1,127 $ (2) $ 1,124 $ 18 Changes in unrealized gains (losses) for the period (2) $ 71 $ (2) $ 19 $ (18) (1) IRLC asset and liability positions are presented net. (2) Amounts recognized as part of non-interest income. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements of these Level 3 assets and liabilities were as follows: December 31, 2024 Asset/liability Key inputs Range Weighted average MSRs: Option adjusted spread (in basis points) 21 - 315 237 Conditional prepayment rate (1) 8.4% - 19.0% 14.0 % Recapture rate 20.0% - 20.0% 20.0 % Servicing fee rate (in basis points) 25.0 - 56.5 36.4 Cost to service $75 - $95 $82 IRLCs: Servicing fee multiple 4.3 - 6.4 5.3 Pull-through rate 76% - 100% 92 % December 31, 2023 Asset/liability Key inputs Range Weighted average MSRs: Option adjusted spread (in basis points) 29 - 253 213 Conditional prepayment rate (1) 9.5% - 23.9% 17.4 % Recapture rate 20.0% - 20.0% 20.0 % Servicing fee rate (in basis points) 25.0 - 56.5 35.6 Cost to service $93 - $100 $95 IRLCs: Servicing fee multiple 3.2 - 5.4 4.3 Pull-through rate 68% - 100% 89 % (1) Lifetime total prepayment speed annualized. The following is a summary of the difference between the aggregate fair value and the aggregate UPB of loans HFS for which the FVO has been elected: December 31, 2024 2023 Fair value UPB Difference Fair value UPB Difference (in millions) Loans HFS: Current through 89 days delinquent $ 2,244 $ 2,195 $ 49 $ 1,379 $ 1,319 $ 60 90 days or more delinquent — — — 1 2 (1) Total $ 2,244 $ 2,195 $ 49 $ 1,380 $ 1,321 $ 59 Fair value on a nonrecurring basis Certain assets are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. That is, the assets are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis, but are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances (for example, when there is evidence of credit deterioration). The following table presents such assets carried on the Consolidated Balance Sheet by caption and by level within the ASC 825 hierarchy: Fair Value Measurements at the End of the Reporting Period Using Total Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets Active Markets for Similar Assets Unobservable Inputs (in millions) As of December 31, 2024 Loans HFI $ 561 $ — $ — $ 561 Other assets acquired through foreclosure 52 — — 52 As of December 31, 2023 Loans HFI $ 379 $ — $ — $ 379 Other assets acquired through foreclosure 8 — — 8 For Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of period end, the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements were as follows: December 31, 2024 Valuation Technique(s) Significant Unobservable Inputs Range (in millions) Loans HFI $ 561 Collateral method Third party appraisal Costs to sell 6.0% to 10.0% Discounted cash flow method Discount rate Contractual loan rate 3.0% to 8.0% Scheduled cash collections Probability of default 0% to 20.0% Proceeds from non-real estate collateral Loss given default 0% to 70.0% Other assets acquired through foreclosure 52 Collateral method Third party appraisal Costs to sell 1.0% to 6.0% December 31, 2023 Valuation Technique(s) Significant Unobservable Inputs Range (in millions) Loans HFI $ 379 Collateral method Third party appraisal Costs to sell 6.0% to 10.0% Discounted cash flow method Discount rate Contractual loan rate 3.0% to 8.0% Scheduled cash collections Probability of default 0% to 20.0% Proceeds from non-real estate collateral Loss given default 0% to 70.0% Other assets acquired through foreclosure 8 Collateral method Third party appraisal Costs to sell 4.0% to 10.0% Loans HFI: Loans measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis include collateral dependent loans. The specific reserves for these loans are based on collateral value, net of estimated disposition costs and other identified quantitative inputs. Collateral value is determined based on independent third-party appraisals or internally-developed discounted cash flow analyses. Appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches, including comparable sales and the income approach. Fair value is determined, where possible, using market prices derived from an appraisal or evaluation, which are considered to be Level 2. However, certain assumptions and unobservable inputs are often used by the appraiser, therefore qualifying the assets as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. In addition, when adjustments are made to an appraised value to reflect various factors such as the age of the appraisal or known changes in the market or the collateral, such valuation inputs are considered unobservable and the fair value measurement is categorized as a Level 3 measurement. Internal discounted cash flow analyses are also utilized to estimate the fair value of these loans, which considers internally-developed, unobservable inputs such as discount rates, default rates, and loss severity. Total Level 3 collateral dependent loans had an estimated fair value of $561 million and $379 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, net of a specific ACL of $46 million and $10 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Other assets acquired through foreclosure: Other assets acquired through foreclosure consist of properties acquired as a result of, or in-lieu-of, foreclosure. These assets are initially reported at the fair value determined by independent appraisals using appraised value less estimated cost to sell. Such properties are generally re-appraised every 12 months. Costs relating to the development or improvement of the assets are capitalized and costs relating to holding the assets are charged to expense. Fair value is determined, where possible, using market prices derived from an appraisal or evaluation, which are considered to be Level 2. However, certain assumptions and unobservable inputs are often used by the appraiser, therefore qualifying the assets as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. When significant adjustments are based on unobservable inputs, such as when a current appraised value is not available or management determines the fair value of the collateral is further impaired below the appraised value and there is no observable market price, the resulting fair value measurement has been categorized as a Level 3 measurement. The Company had $52 million and $8 million of such assets at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Fair Value of Financial Instruments The estimated fair value of the Company’s financial instruments is as follows: December 31, 2024 Carrying Amount Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total (in millions) Financial assets: Investment securities: HTM $ 1,526 $ — $ 1,309 $ — $ 1,309 AFS 13,468 4,385 9,083 — 13,468 Equity securities 117 117 — — 117 Derivative assets (1) 233 — 198 35 233 Loans HFS 2,286 — 2,259 27 2,286 Loans HFI, net 53,302 — — 53,070 53,070 Mortgage servicing rights 1,127 — — 1,127 1,127 Accrued interest receivable 362 — 362 — 362 Financial liabilities: Deposits $ 66,341 $ — $ 66,393 $ — $ 66,393 Other borrowings 5,573 — 5,545 — 5,545 Qualifying debt 899 — 789 78 867 Derivative liabilities (1) 76 — 69 7 76 Accrued interest payable 138 — 138 — 138 (1) Derivative assets and liabilities exclude margin of $72 million and $3 million, respectively. December 31, 2023 Carrying Amount Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total (in millions) Financial assets: Investment securities: HTM $ 1,429 $ — $ 1,251 $ — $ 1,251 AFS 11,165 4,881 6,284 — 11,165 Equity securities 126 126 — — 126 Derivative assets (1) 84 — 66 22 88 Loans HFS 1,402 — 1,379 23 1,402 Loans HFI, net 49,960 — — 46,877 46,877 Mortgage servicing rights 1,124 — — 1,124 1,124 Accrued interest receivable 370 — 370 — 370 Financial liabilities: Deposits $ 55,333 $ — $ 55,379 $ — $ 55,379 Other borrowings 7,230 — 7,192 — 7,192 Qualifying debt 895 — 734 76 810 Derivative liabilities (1) 100 — 100 — 100 Accrued interest payable 151 — 151 — 151 (1) Derivative assets and liabilities exclude margin of $202 million and $(9) million, respectively. Interest rate risk The Company assumes interest rate risk (the risk to the Company’s earnings and capital from changes in interest rate levels) as a result of its normal operations. As a result, the fair values of the Company’s financial instruments, as well as its future net interest income, will change when interest rate levels change and that change may be either favorable or unfavorable to the Company. Interest rate risk exposure is measured using interest rate sensitivity analysis to determine the Company's change in EVE and net interest income resulting from hypothetical changes in interest rates. If potential changes to EVE and earnings resulting from hypothetical interest rate changes are not within the limits established by the BOD, the BOD may direct management to adjust the asset and liability mix to bring interest rate risk within BOD-approved limits. WAB has an ALCO charged with managing interest rate risk within the BOD-approved limits. Limits are structured to preclude an interest rate risk profile which does not conform to both management and BOD risk tolerances without BOD and ALCO approval. Interest rate risk is also evaluated at the Parent level, which is reported to the BOD and its Finance and Investment Committee. Fair value of commitments The estimated fair value of letters of credit outstanding at December 31, 2024 and 2023 approximates zero as there have been no significant changes in borrower creditworthiness. Loan commitments on which the committed interest rates are less than the current market rate are insignificant at December 31, 2024 and 2023.

Regulatory Capital Requirements

Regulatory Capital Requirements	12 Months Ended
Regulatory Capital Requirements	Dec. 31, 2024
Banking and Thrift, Other Disclosure [Abstract]
Regulatory Capital Requirements	20. REGULATORY CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS The Company and the Bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements could trigger certain mandatory or discretionary actions that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company’s business and financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Company and the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of their assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors. As permitted by the regulatory capital rules, the Company elected the CECL transition option that delayed the estimated impact on regulatory capital resulting from the adoption of CECL over a five-year transition period ending December 31, 2024. Accordingly, capital ratios and amounts in 2024 include a 25% capital benefit that resulted from the increased ACL related to the adoption of ASC 326, compared to a 50% capital benefit for 2023. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company and the Bank exceeded the capital levels necessary to be classified as well-capitalized, as defined by the various banking agencies. The actual capital amounts and ratios for the Company and the Bank are presented in the following tables: Total Capital Tier 1 Capital Risk-Weighted Assets Tangible Average Assets Total Capital Ratio Tier 1 Capital Ratio Tier 1 Leverage Ratio Common Equity (dollars in millions) December 31, 2024 WAL $ 7,922 $ 6,687 $ 56,019 $ 82,691 14.1 % 11.9 % 8.1 % 11.3 % WAB 7,444 6,803 55,983 82,562 13.3 12.2 8.2 12.2 Well-capitalized ratios 10.0 8.0 5.0 6.5 Minimum capital ratios 8.0 6.0 4.0 4.5 December 31, 2023 WAL $ 7,201 $ 6,035 $ 52,517 $ 70,295 13.7 % 11.5 % 8.6 % 10.8 % WAB 6,802 6,229 52,508 70,347 13.0 11.9 8.9 11.9 Well-capitalized ratios 10.0 8.0 5.0 6.5 Minimum capital ratios 8.0 6.0 4.0 4.5 The Company and the Bank are also subject to liquidity and other regulatory requirements as administered by the federal banking agencies. These agencies have broad powers and at their discretion, could limit or prohibit the Company's payment of dividends, payment of certain debt service and issuance of capital stock and debt as they deem appropriate and as such, actions by the agencies could have a direct material effect on the Company’s business and financial statements. The Company is also required to maintain specified levels of capital to remain in good standing with certain federal government agencies, including FNMA, FHLMC, GNMA, and HUD. These capital requirements are generally tied to the unpaid balances of loans included in the Company's servicing portfolio or loan production volume. Noncompliance with these capital requirements can result in various remedial actions up to, and including, removing the Company's ability to sell loans to and service loans on behalf of the respective agency. The Company believes it is in compliance with these requirements as of December 31, 2024.

Employee Benefit Plans

Employee Benefit Plans	12 Months Ended
Employee Benefit Plans	Dec. 31, 2024
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
Employee Benefit Plans	21. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS The Company has a qualified 401(k) employee benefit plan for all eligible employees. Participants are able to defer between 1% and 75% (up to a maximum of $23,000 for those under 50 years of age and $30,500 for those between 50 and 59 years of age) of their annual compensation. The Company may elect to match a discretionary amount each year, which was 100% of the first 5% of the participant’s compensation deferred into the plan during the year ended December 31, 2024. The Company’s contributions to this plan totaled $17.8 million, $17.7 million, and $15.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. In addition, the Company has a SERP, which is an unfunded noncontributory defined benefit pension plan. The SERP provides retirement benefits to certain Bridge officers based on years of service and final average salary. The projected benefit obligation was $15 million and $14 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, all of which was unfunded. Net periodic benefit cost totaled $1.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 and $1.0 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.

Related Party Transactions

Related Party Transactions	12 Months Ended
Related Party Transactions	Dec. 31, 2024
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]
Related Party Transactions	22. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS Principal stockholders, directors, and executive officers of the Company, their immediate family members, and companies they control or own more than a 10% interest in, are considered to be related parties. In the ordinary course of business, the Company engages in various related party transactions, including extending credit and bank service transactions. All related party transactions are subject to review and approval pursuant to the Company's related party transactions policy. Federal banking regulations require any extensions of credit to insiders and their related interests not be offered on terms more favorable than would be offered to non-related borrowers of similar creditworthiness. The following table summarizes the aggregate activity for such loans: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Balance, beginning $ — $ 172 New loans 22 — Advances — 457 Repayments and other — (629) Balance, ending $ 22 $ — The increase in the related party loan balance from December 31, 2023 was primarily driven by the execution and funding of a new loan to a single related party. None of these loans were past due, on non-accrual status or have been restructured during the year ended December 31, 2024 to provide a reduction or deferral of interest or principal because of deterioration in the financial position of the borrower. In addition, there were no loans to a related party that were considered classified loans at December 31, 2024 or 2023. For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, interest income associated with related party loans was approximately $0.1 million, $1.6 million and $2.5 million, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2024, there were no residential loans purchased by the Company from related parties, compared to $27 million and $914 million during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Loan commitments outstanding with related parties totaled $82 million and $2 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The increase in related party loan commitments during the year ended December 31, 2024 is primarily due to changes in composition of the Company's BOD and origination of new loans to related parties. The Company also accepts deposits from related parties, which totaled $159 million and $62 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, with related interest expense of approximately $5.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2024 and $1.1 million and $0.2 million during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The increase in deposits from related parties during the year ended December 31, 2024 is primarily related to changes in composition of the Company's BOD. There were no earnings credits on deposits from related parties for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to $2.6 million and $1.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, and 2022, respectively.

Parent Company Financial Inform

Parent Company Financial Information	12 Months Ended
Parent Company Financial Information	Dec. 31, 2024
Parent Company Financial Information [Abstract]
Parent Company Financial Information	23. PARENT COMPANY FINANCIAL INFORMATION The condensed financial statements of the holding company are presented in the following tables: WESTERN ALLIANCE BANCORPORATION Condensed Balance Sheets December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) ASSETS: Cash and cash equivalents $ 181 $ 140 Investment securities - equity 31 31 Investment in subsidiaries 7,096 6,513 Other assets 85 71 Total assets $ 7,393 $ 6,755 LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY: Qualifying debt $ 674 $ 671 Accrued interest and other liabilities 12 6 Total liabilities 686 677 Total stockholders’ equity 6,707 6,078 Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 7,393 $ 6,755 WESTERN ALLIANCE BANCORPORATION Condensed Income Statements Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 (in millions) Income: Dividends from subsidiaries $ 240.0 $ 330.0 $ 261.8 Interest income 2.7 2.9 3.8 Non-interest income (loss) 22.5 1.5 (0.9) Total income 265.2 334.4 264.7 Expense: Interest expense 25.7 25.4 22.6 Non-interest expense 27.4 29.3 26.5 Total expense 53.1 54.7 49.1 Income before income taxes and equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries 212.1 279.7 215.6 Income tax benefit 6.1 10.3 11.0 Income before equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries 218.2 290.0 226.6 Equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries 569.5 432.4 830.7 Net income 787.7 722.4 1,057.3 Dividends on preferred stock 12.8 12.8 12.8 Net income available to common stockholders $ 774.9 $ 709.6 $ 1,044.5 Western Alliance Bancorporation Condensed Statements of Cash Flows Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 (in millions) Cash flows from operating activities: Net income $ 787.7 $ 722.4 $ 1,057.3 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: Equity in net undistributed earnings of subsidiaries (569.5) (432.4) (830.7) Change in fair value of assets and liabilities measured at fair value (0.2) (3.4) 8.7 Other operating activities, net 17.9 (1.8) (16.8) Net cash provided by operating activities 235.9 284.8 218.5 Cash flows from investing activities: Purchases of securities — (153.9) (0.4) Principal pay downs, calls, maturities, and sales proceeds of securities — 155.5 1.8 Capital contributions to subsidiaries — (50.0) (193.0) Other investing activities, net (19.0) (10.0) (12.1) Net cash used in investing activities (19.0) (58.4) (203.7) Cash flows from financing activities: Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net 0.1 0.1 157.7 Cash dividends paid on common and preferred stock (176.8) (171.5) (166.2) Net cash used in financing activities (176.7) (171.4) (8.5) Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 40.2 55.0 6.3 Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 140.3 85.3 79.0 Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $ 180.5 $ 140.3 $ 85.3

Segments

Segments	12 Months Ended
Segments	Dec. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Segments	24. SEGMENTS Beginning with the annual period ending December 31, 2024, the Company adopted the guidance within ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280) , which expanded disclosure requirements for significant segment expenses and other segment items. In connection with the adoption of this guidance, the components that comprise net interest income, which include interest income, interest expense and funds transfer pricing adjustments, are presented in separate line items in the reportable segment income statement tables below. Salaries and employee benefits are also presented separately as these expenses were previously included within total non-interest expense. Income statement information for prior periods was recast to conform to the current presentation. The Company's reportable segments are aggregated with a focus on products and services offered and consist of three reportable segments: • Commercial: provides commercial banking and treasury management products and services to small and middle-market businesses, specialized banking services to sophisticated commercial institutions and investors within niche industries, as well as financial services to the real estate industry. • Consumer Related: offers both commercial banking services to enterprises in consumer-related sectors and consumer banking services, such as residential mortgage banking. • Corporate & Other: consists of the Company's investment portfolio, Corporate borrowings and other related items, income and expense items not allocated to other reportable segments, and inter-segment eliminations. The Company's chief operating decision maker is the Chief Executive Officer. The chief operating decision maker assesses overall segment performance based on pre-tax income and uses this metric to allocate resources for each segment, focusing on budgeting and forecasting. The Company's segment reporting process begins with the assignment of all loan and deposit accounts directly to the segments where these products are originated and/or serviced. Equity capital is assigned to each segment based on the risk profile of their assets and liabilities. With the exception of goodwill, which is assigned a 100% weighting, equity capital allocations ranged from 0% to 20% during the year. Any excess or deficient equity not allocated to segments based on risk is assigned to the Corporate & Other segment. Net interest income, provision for credit losses, and non-interest expense amounts are recorded in their respective segments to the extent the amounts are directly attributable to those segments. Net interest income is recorded in each segment on a TEB with a corresponding increase in income tax expense, which is eliminated in the Corporate & Other segment. Further, net interest income of a reportable segment includes a funds transfer pricing process that matches assets and liabilities with similar interest rate sensitivity and maturity characteristics. Using this funds transfer pricing methodology, liquidity is transferred between users and providers. A net user of funds has lending/investing in excess of deposits/borrowings and a net provider of funds has deposits/borrowings in excess of lending/investing. A segment that is a user of funds is charged for the use of funds, while a provider of funds is credited through funds transfer pricing, which is determined based on the average estimated life of the assets or liabilities in the portfolio. Residual funds transfer pricing mismatches are allocable to the Corporate & Other segment and presented in net interest income. The net income amount for each reportable segment is further derived by the use of expense allocations. Certain expenses not directly attributable to a specific segment are allocated across all segments based on key metrics, such as number of employees, number of transactions processed for loans and deposits, and average loan and deposit balances. These types of expenses include information technology, operations, human resources, finance, risk management, credit administration, legal, and marketing. Income taxes are applied to each segment based on estimated effective tax rates. Any difference in the corporate tax rate and the aggregate effective tax rates in the segments are adjusted in the Corporate & Other segment. The assignment and allocation methodologies used in the segment reporting process discussed above change from time to time as systems are enhanced, methods for evaluating segment performance or product lines change or as business segments are realigned. The following is a summary of reportable segment balance sheet information: Consolidated Company Commercial Consumer Related Corporate & Other At December 31, 2024: (in millions) Assets: Cash, cash equivalents, and investment securities $ 19,191 $ 14 $ — $ 19,177 Loans HFS 2,286 — 2,286 — Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs 53,676 31,544 22,132 — Less: allowance for credit losses (374) (320) (54) — Net loans HFI 53,302 31,224 22,078 — Goodwill and other intangible assets, net 659 291 368 — Other assets 5,496 367 1,923 3,206 Total assets $ 80,934 $ 31,896 $ 26,655 $ 22,383 Liabilities: Deposits $ 66,341 $ 25,487 $ 33,767 $ 7,087 Borrowings and qualifying debt 6,472 15 37 6,420 Other liabilities 1,414 72 476 866 Total liabilities 74,227 25,574 34,280 14,373 Allocated equity: 6,707 2,727 1,899 2,081 Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 80,934 $ 28,301 $ 36,179 $ 16,454 Excess funds provided (used) — (3,595) 9,524 (5,929) At December 31, 2023: Assets: Cash, cash equivalents, and investment securities $ 14,288 $ 13 $ 125 $ 14,150 Loans HFS 1,402 — 1,402 — Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs 50,297 29,136 21,161 — Less: allowance for credit losses (337) (284) (53) — Net loans HFI 49,960 28,852 21,108 — Goodwill and other intangible assets, net 669 292 377 — Other assets 4,543 398 1,826 2,319 Total assets $ 70,862 $ 29,555 $ 24,838 $ 16,469 Liabilities: Deposits $ 55,333 $ 23,508 $ 25,101 $ 6,724 Borrowings and qualifying debt 8,125 7 402 7,716 Other liabilities 1,326 109 338 879 Total liabilities 64,784 23,624 25,841 15,319 Allocated equity: 6,078 2,555 1,790 1,733 Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 70,862 $ 26,179 $ 27,631 $ 17,052 Excess funds provided (used) — (3,376) 2,793 583 The following is a summary of reportable segment income statement information: Consolidated Company Commercial Consumer Related Corporate & Other Year Ended December 31, 2024: (in millions) Interest income $ 4,541.1 $ 2,499.6 $ 1,083.4 $ 958.1 Interest expense 1,922.2 681.3 611.6 629.3 Funds transfer pricing — (650.7) 994.2 (343.5) Net interest income 2,618.9 1,167.6 1,466.0 (14.7) Provision for credit losses 145.9 136.2 2.2 7.5 Net interest income after provision for credit losses 2,473.0 1,031.4 1,463.8 (22.2) Non-interest income 543.2 120.9 354.3 68.0 Salaries and employee benefits 631.1 135.6 132.6 362.9 Other non-interest expense (1) 1,393.9 486.1 1,228.3 (320.5) Income before provision for income taxes 991.2 530.6 457.2 3.4 Income tax expense 203.5 109.4 90.7 3.4 Net income $ 787.7 $ 421.2 $ 366.5 $ — Year Ended December 31, 2023: Interest income $ 4,035.3 $ 2,426.6 $ 960.3 $ 648.4 Interest expense 1,696.4 485.2 417.9 793.3 Funds transfer pricing — (554.2) 358.3 195.9 Net interest income 2,338.9 1,387.2 900.6 51.1 Provision for credit losses 62.6 38.3 3.3 21.0 Net interest income after provision for credit losses 2,276.3 1,348.9 897.3 30.1 Non-interest income 280.7 (23.4) 287.0 17.1 Salaries and employee benefits 566.3 149.7 125.8 290.8 Other non-interest expense (1) 1,057.1 430.7 799.3 (172.9) Income before provision for income taxes 933.6 745.1 259.2 (70.7) Income tax expense 211.2 174.8 59.5 (23.1) Net income $ 722.4 $ 570.3 $ 199.7 $ (47.6) Year Ended December 31, 2022: Interest income $ 2,691.8 $ 1,588.7 $ 811.9 $ 291.2 Interest expense 475.5 127.7 77.8 270.0 Funds transfer pricing — 71.2 122.6 (193.8) Net interest income 2,216.3 1,532.2 856.7 (172.6) Provision for credit losses 68.1 47.2 21.1 (0.2) Net interest income after provision for credit losses 2,148.2 1,485.0 835.6 (172.4) Non-interest income 324.6 59.7 247.3 17.6 Salaries and employee benefits 539.5 115.1 173.8 250.6 Other non-interest expense (1) 617.2 350.8 456.6 (190.2) Income before provision for income taxes 1,316.1 1,078.8 452.5 (215.2) Income tax expense 258.8 256.5 107.7 (105.4) Net income $ 1,057.3 $ 822.3 $ 344.8 $ (109.8) (1) The composition of other non-interest expense is consistent with Non-interest expense as presented in the Consolidated Income Statement.

Revenue from Contracts with Cus

Revenue from Contracts with Customers	12 Months Ended
Revenue from Contracts with Customers	Dec. 31, 2024
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Revenue from Contract with Customer	25. REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

Pay vs Performance Disclosure

Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net income	$ 787.7	$ 722.4	$ 1,057.3

Insider Trading Arrangements

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
Insider Trading Arrangements	Dec. 31, 2024
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

Insider Trading Policies and Pr

Insider Trading Policies and Procedures	12 Months Ended
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures	Dec. 31, 2024
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures [Line Items]
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures Adopted	true

Cybersecurity Risk Management a

Cybersecurity Risk Management and Strategy Disclosure	12 Months Ended
Cybersecurity Risk Management and Strategy Disclosure	Dec. 31, 2024
Cybersecurity Risk Management, Strategy, and Governance [Line Items]
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes for Assessing, Identifying, and Managing Threats [Text Block]	Cybersecurity and risks associated with information security are operational risks included in the Company’s ERM Framework. Cybersecurity risks may also include fraud, harm to employees or customers, violation of privacy or security laws and other legal risks, and reputational risk. These risks are all considered in the Company’s ERM Framework as part of the Company’s overall risk assessment process. Under the ERM Framework, the Company’s Information Security Risk and Compliance departments and all employees are the First Line. Those in the First Line are each responsible for identifying and managing the information security risk associated with their activities. The Company’s Enterprise & Operational Risk Management Department is part of the independent risk oversight of information security risk along with the Company’s ORMC and ERM Committee, both of which are management risk oversight committees. The Company manages the risk associated with cybersecurity and information security in accordance with our Risk Appetite Statement, as approved by the BOD. The Risk Committee of the BOD and ERM Committee are primarily responsible for monitoring management’s implementation of operations and technology risk controls, including those relating to cybersecurity and information security. The Audit Committee of the BOD oversees the audit control functions of which cybersecurity practices may be a part. The Company maintains a data protection and information security program designed to ensure adequate governance and oversight is in place while evolving to meet changes in applicable laws and regulations, and best practices. The Company’s information security controls and programs are designed to align with the NIST for cybersecurity, the FFIEC examination guidelines, Control Objectives for Information and Related Technologies and the Information Technology Infrastructure Library frameworks, along with applicable privacy laws. Information Security is the responsibility of the officers, employees and agents of the Company with oversight by the BOD. Our investment in people is critical to maintaining an effective cyber defense, which begins by developing and maintaining a robust Information Security function within the First Line. Collectively, the Company’s senior leadership in this area have over 75 years of experience. The Company’s CISO has over 25 years of network architecture, information technology and cybersecurity experience, maintains Certified Information Systems Security Professional credentials and has served on the Federal Reserve Secure Payments Task Force. The Company’s CIO has over 30 years of technology executive leadership, technology experience focused on strategy, design, development, implementation and support of application systems, and overseeing transformative technology changes, including digital transformations and fraud and BSA/AML capabilities. While the CIO and information technology organizations collaborate with the CISO organization as described herein, to create independence between the CISO and CIO functions, the CISO reports to the Company’s Chief Administration Officer and the CIO reports to the Company’s Chief Banking Officer for National Business Lines. Each Company employee is responsible for an effective cybersecurity defense which is enforced with mandatory interactive cyber awareness training, periodic newsletters, executive security briefs and updates. Additionally, the BOD’s Risk Committee is informed about cybersecurity and the relevant risks posed to the Company via regular updates from the Company’s CISO and CIO. The BOD is regularly informed and actively oversees the data security and privacy program and its policies. The BOD also receives regular education on innovative technology, cybersecurity, information systems/data management, fintech and privacy, from internal and external experts. Cybersecurity assessment The Company engages external third parties to perform assessments on our adherence to the FFIEC’s recommendations on cyber preparedness and NIST Cybersecurity Framework, as well as to review for best practices for the use of cloud services, Swift and FedLine requirements. To validate the effectiveness of the Company’s overall information security controls, external third parties also perform full-scope external and internal penetration testing designed to mimic the tactics used by individual hackers or criminal hacking organizations. The Company also engages external third parties to perform ongoing adversarial simulation. The Company conducts regular internal cybersecurity assessments intended to measure inherent risk and drive the adjustment of our security posture according to the latest threats. These assessments include alignment with the FFIEC’s recommendations on cyber preparedness, GLBA Safeguards Rule to protect user data, and Swift security control requirements. The Company performs continuous internal and external vulnerability scanning to measure and react to new vulnerabilities and seeks conformance to Center for Internet Security benchmarks for both cloud-based and on-premises technology. The Company reviews vendor and partner security practices to ensure they maintain proper information security safeguards. Cybersecurity operational measures Operationally, the Company’s overall cyber risk strategy is a collaborative process between the CIO and the information technology teams, and the CISO led data protection, information and cyber teams. The CIO oversees the establishment and implementation of the technical plan for cyber risk strategy which the CISO and his team reviews and critiques. After they have established a joint cyber risk plan, the Company’s second line of defense reviews and challenges the plan. Thereafter, the CISO and CIO teams cooperate with subject-matter experts throughout the business to identify, monitor and mitigate material risks, as well as to monitor compliance with the Company’s security polices, applicable laws and regulations. As an ongoing operation, the Company’s SMC, which is part of the CISO organization, manages the security of our systems through the ingestion of multiple external threat feeds and systems logs. Through the collection and integration of security-related IT infrastructure information, external threat intelligence and the expertise of trained SMC analysts, the Company works to identify and address potential indicators of compromise. Potential security events are identified and addressed through defined IT incident response activities, the SMC’s oversight through SIEM, and with support of the Company’s CSR Plan. The CSR Plan is in place and updated regularly with the intent to reduce impacts to clients and the Company caused by a declared cyber incident, such as an event involving malicious code, unauthorized disclosure, loss of information or unauthorized use of information or systems. The CSR Plan organizes resources to detect, manage, respond to, resolve and recover from events that harm or threaten the security of information assets. The CSR plan includes involvement of the Company’s Executive Leadership Team and BOD based on the severity of a cyber event, including the analysis of reporting requirements. The CSR plan is tested annually and includes technical and executive management in simulated crisis management cybersecurity tabletop exercises. Cyber threat actors and cybersecurity incidents are a reality and the Company and our third parties face cybersecurity threats in the normal course of business. As of the date of this report, we are aware of the incident described in Item 9B “Other Information” of this report and, as of the date of this report, we have not experienced material losses or consequences relating to material cybersecurity incidents experienced by us or our third parties. However, we expect businesses will continue to experience cybersecurity risks that could result in adverse impacts with increased frequency and severity due to the evolving threat environment, and there can be no assurance that future cybersecurity incidents, including incidents experienced by third parties, will not have a material adverse impact on the Company, including its business strategy, results of operations and/or financial condition. Future cybersecurity threats and incidents could have a material impact on our service, systems or business and are discussed in “Risk Factors” to this report.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes Integrated [Flag]	true
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes Integrated [Text Block]	Cybersecurity and risks associated with information security are operational risks included in the Company’s ERM Framework. Cybersecurity risks may also include fraud, harm to employees or customers, violation of privacy or security laws and other legal risks, and reputational risk. These risks are all considered in the Company’s ERM Framework as part of the Company’s overall risk assessment process. Under the ERM Framework, the Company’s Information Security Risk and Compliance departments and all employees are the First Line. Those in the First Line are each responsible for identifying and managing the information security risk associated with their activities. The Company’s Enterprise & Operational Risk Management Department is part of the independent risk oversight of information security risk along with the Company’s ORMC and ERM Committee, both of which are management risk oversight committees. The Company manages the risk associated with cybersecurity and information security in accordance with our Risk Appetite Statement, as approved by the BOD.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Third Party Engaged [Flag]	true
Cybersecurity Risk Third Party Oversight and Identification Processes [Flag]	true
Cybersecurity Risk Materially Affected or Reasonably Likely to Materially Affect Registrant [Flag]	false
Cybersecurity Risk Board of Directors Oversight [Text Block]	The Risk Committee of the BOD and ERM Committee are primarily responsible for monitoring management’s implementation of operations and technology risk controls, including those relating to cybersecurity and information security.
Cybersecurity Risk Board Committee or Subcommittee Responsible for Oversight [Text Block]	Information Security is the responsibility of the officers, employees and agents of the Company with oversight by the BOD. Our investment in people is critical to maintaining an effective cyber defense, which begins by developing and maintaining a robust Information Security function within the First Line.
Cybersecurity Risk Process for Informing Board Committee or Subcommittee Responsible for Oversight [Text Block]	Each Company employee is responsible for an effective cybersecurity defense which is enforced with mandatory interactive cyber awareness training, periodic newsletters, executive security briefs and updates. Additionally, the BOD’s Risk Committee is informed about cybersecurity and the relevant risks posed to the Company via regular updates from the Company’s CISO and CIO. The BOD is regularly informed and actively oversees the data security and privacy program and its policies. The BOD also receives regular education on innovative technology, cybersecurity, information systems/data management, fintech and privacy, from internal and external experts.
Cybersecurity Risk Role of Management [Text Block]	The Risk Committee of the BOD and ERM Committee are primarily responsible for monitoring management’s implementation of operations and technology risk controls, including those relating to cybersecurity and information security. The Audit Committee of the BOD oversees the audit control functions of which cybersecurity practices may be a part. The Company maintains a data protection and information security program designed to ensure adequate governance and oversight is in place while evolving to meet changes in applicable laws and regulations, and best practices. The Company’s information security controls and programs are designed to align with the NIST for cybersecurity, the FFIEC examination guidelines, Control Objectives for Information and Related Technologies and the Information Technology Infrastructure Library frameworks, along with applicable privacy laws. Information Security is the responsibility of the officers, employees and agents of the Company with oversight by the BOD. Our investment in people is critical to maintaining an effective cyber defense, which begins by developing and maintaining a robust Information Security function within the First Line. Collectively, the Company’s senior leadership in this area have over 75 years of experience. The Company’s CISO has over 25 years of network architecture, information technology and cybersecurity experience, maintains Certified Information Systems Security Professional credentials and has served on the Federal Reserve Secure Payments Task Force. The Company’s CIO has over 30 years of technology executive leadership, technology experience focused on strategy, design, development, implementation and support of application systems, and overseeing transformative technology changes, including digital transformations and fraud and BSA/AML capabilities. While the CIO and information technology organizations collaborate with the CISO organization as described herein, to create independence between the CISO and CIO functions, the CISO reports to the Company’s Chief Administration Officer and the CIO reports to the Company’s Chief Banking Officer for National Business Lines. Each Company employee is responsible for an effective cybersecurity defense which is enforced with mandatory interactive cyber awareness training, periodic newsletters, executive security briefs and updates. Additionally, the BOD’s Risk Committee is informed about cybersecurity and the relevant risks posed to the Company via regular updates from the Company’s CISO and CIO. The BOD is regularly informed and actively oversees the data security and privacy program and its policies. The BOD also receives regular education on innovative technology, cybersecurity, information systems/data management, fintech and privacy, from internal and external experts.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible [Flag]	true
Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible [Text Block]	Information Security is the responsibility of the officers, employees and agents of the Company with oversight by the BOD. Our investment in people is critical to maintaining an effective cyber defense, which begins by developing and maintaining a robust Information Security function within the First Line. Collectively, the Company’s senior leadership in this area have over 75 years of experience. The Company’s CISO has over 25 years of network architecture, information technology and cybersecurity experience, maintains Certified Information Systems Security Professional credentials and has served on the Federal Reserve Secure Payments Task Force. The Company’s CIO has over 30 years of technology executive leadership, technology experience focused on strategy, design, development, implementation and support of application systems, and overseeing transformative technology changes, including digital transformations and fraud and BSA/AML capabilities. While the CIO and information technology organizations collaborate with the CISO organization as described herein, to create independence between the CISO and CIO functions, the CISO reports to the Company’s Chief Administration Officer and the CIO reports to the Company’s Chief Banking Officer for National Business Lines. Each Company employee is responsible for an effective cybersecurity defense which is enforced with mandatory interactive cyber awareness training, periodic newsletters, executive security briefs and updates. Additionally, the BOD’s Risk Committee is informed about cybersecurity and the relevant risks posed to the Company via regular updates from the Company’s CISO and CIO.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Expertise of Management Responsible [Text Block]	The Company’s CISO has over 25 years of network architecture, information technology and cybersecurity experience, maintains Certified Information Systems Security Professional credentials and has served on the Federal Reserve Secure Payments Task Force. The Company’s CIO has over 30 years of technology executive leadership, technology experience focused on strategy, design, development, implementation and support of application systems, and overseeing transformative technology changes, including digital transformations and fraud and BSA/AML capabilities. While the CIO and information technology organizations collaborate with the CISO organization as described herein, to create independence between the CISO and CIO functions, the CISO reports to the Company’s Chief Administration Officer and the CIO reports to the Company’s Chief Banking Officer for National Business Lines. Each Company employee is responsible for an effective cybersecurity defense which is enforced with mandatory interactive cyber awareness training, periodic newsletters, executive security briefs and updates.
Cybersecurity Risk Process for Informing Management or Committees Responsible [Text Block]	Additionally, the BOD’s Risk Committee is informed about cybersecurity and the relevant risks posed to the Company via regular updates from the Company’s CISO and CIO. The BOD is regularly informed and actively oversees the data security and privacy program and its policies. The BOD also receives regular education on innovative technology, cybersecurity, information systems/data management, fintech and privacy, from internal and external experts.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible Report to Board [Flag]	true

Summary of Significant Accoun_2

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	12 Months Ended
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	Dec. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Nature of operation	Nature of operations WAL is a bank holding company headquartered in Phoenix, Arizona, incorporated under the laws of the state of Delaware. WAL provides a full spectrum of customized loan, deposit and treasury management capabilities, including funds transfer and other digital payment offerings through its wholly-owned banking subsidiary, WAB , together with its banking divisions: ABA, BON, FIB, Bridge, and TPB. The Company also serves business customers through a national platform of specialized financial services, including mortgage banking services through AmeriHome and digital payment services for the class action legal industry. In addition, the Company has the following non-bank subsidiaries: CSI, a captive insurance company formed and licensed under the laws of the state of Arizona and established as part of the Company's overall enterprise risk management strategy, and WATC, which provides corporate trust services and levered loan administration solutions.
Basis of presentation	Basis of presentation The accounting and reporting policies of the Company are in accordance with GAAP and conform to practices within the financial services industry. The accounts of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries are included in the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Recent accounting pronouncements	Recent accounting pronouncements Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses In November 2024, the FASB issued guidance within ASU 2024-03, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Topic 220) . The amendments in this update require disclosure, in the notes to financial statements, of specified information about certain costs and expenses. Entities will be required to disclose the amounts of employee compensation, depreciation, and intangible asset amortization included in each relevant expense caption. The update also requires entities to include certain amounts that are already required to be disclosed under current GAAP in the same disclosure as the other disaggregation requirements, disclose a qualitative description of the amounts remaining in relevant expense captions that are not separately disaggregated quantitatively, and disclose the total amount of selling expenses and, in annual reporting periods, an entity’s definition of selling expenses. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027 and may be applied on a prospective or retrospective basis. The Company is currently evaluating the impact these amendments will have on its Consolidated Financial Statements. Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures In December 2023, the FASB issued guidance within ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740) . The amendments in this update are intended to increase visibility into various income tax components that affect the reconciliation of the effective tax rate to the statutory rate, as well as the qualitative and quantitative aspects of those components. Public business entities will be required to disclose on an annual basis, specific categories in the rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet or exceed a five percent threshold (computed by multiplying pretax income by the applicable statutory income tax rate) and include disclosure of state and local jurisdictions that make up the majority of the state and local income tax category in the rate reconciliation. Additional disclosure items include disaggregation of income taxes paid to and income tax expense from federal, state, and foreign jurisdictions as well as disaggregation of income taxes paid to individual jurisdictions in which income taxes paid are equal to or greater than five percent of total income taxes paid. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025 and may be applied on a prospective or retrospective basis. The Company is currently evaluating the impact these amendments will have on its Consolidated Financial Statements. Accounting for and Disclosure of Crypto Assets In December 2023, the FASB issued guidance within ASU 2023-08, Intangibles — Goodwill and Other — Crypto Assets (Topic 350) . The amendments in this update require entities that hold certain crypto assets to measure such assets at fair value and recognize any changes in fair value in net income in each reporting period. Entities will also be required to present crypto assets measured at fair value separately from other intangible assets on the balance sheet and changes from the remeasurement of crypto assets separately from changes in the carrying amounts of other intangible assets in the income statement. Other disclosure items include the name, cost basis, fair value, and number of units for each significant crypto asset holding and the aggregate fair values and cost bases of crypto asset holdings that are not individually significant along with a rollforward of activity in the reporting period and disclosure of the method for determining the cost basis of the crypto assets. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, including interim periods within those fiscal years and are applied through a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings (as of the beginning of the annual reporting period of adoption). Although the Company has digital payment offerings, it does not currently hold any crypto assets meeting the criteria outlined in the update. Accordingly, the adoption of this guidance will not have an impact on the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements. Recently adopted accounting guidance Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures In November 2023, the FASB issued guidance within ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280). The amendments in this update are intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures related to significant segment expenses. The amendments did not change how an entity identifies its operating segments, aggregates those operating segments, or applies the quantitative thresholds to determine its reportable segments, and all existing segment disclosure requirements in ASC 280 and other Codification topics remain unchanged. The amendments in this update are incremental and require public entities that report segment information to disclose, on an annual and interim basis, significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker and included within each reported measure of segment profit or loss as well as other segment items. Annual disclosure of the title and position of the chief operating decision maker and how the reported measures of segment profit or loss are used to assess performance and allocation of resources is also required. The Company adopted this guidance beginning with the annual period ending December 31, 2024 and applied these updates on a retrospective basis. Upon adoption, the Company provided additional expense detail within its segment disclosures and there was no impact on the Company's financial position or results of operations. Accounting for Investments in Tax Credit Structures Using the Proportional Amortization Method In March 2023, the FASB issued guidance within ASU 2023-02, Investments — Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323). The amendments in this update permit entities to elect to account for tax equity investments, regardless of the tax credit program from which the income tax credits are received, using the proportional amortization method if certain conditions are met. Previously this option was only permitted for LIHTC investments. Additionally, the amendments in this update require all tax equity investments accounted for using the proportional amortization method to apply the delayed equity contribution guidance in Subtopic 323-740 and disclosure of the nature of an entity's tax equity investments and their effect on an entity's financial position and results of operations. The Company adopted this accounting guidance prospectively on January 1, 2024. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements.
Use of estimates	Use of estimates
Principles of consolidation	Principles of consolidation As of December 31, 2024, WAL has the following significant wholly-owned subsidiaries: WAB and eight unconsolidated subsidiaries used as business trusts in connection with the issuance of trust-preferred securities. WAB has the following significant wholly-owned subsidiaries: 1) WABT, which holds certain investment securities, municipal and nonprofit loans, and leases; 2) WA PWI, which holds interests in certain limited partnerships invested primarily in low income housing tax credits and small business investment corporations; 3) BW Real Estate, Inc., which operates as a real estate investment trust and holds certain of WAB's real estate loans and related securities; 4) Helios Prime, which holds interests in certain limited partnerships invested in renewable energy projects; and 5) Western Finance Company, which purchases and originates equipment finance leases and provides mortgage banking services through its wholly-owned subsidiary, AmeriHome. The Company does not have any other significant entities that should be consolidated. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Reclassifications	Reclassifications
Cash and cash equivalents	Cash and cash equivalents
Business combinations	Business combinations Business combinations are accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations . Under the acquisition method, the acquiring entity in a business combination recognizes all of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities at their estimated fair values as of the date of acquisition. Any excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets and other identifiable intangible assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. To the extent the fair value of net assets acquired, including identified intangible assets, exceeds the purchase price, a bargain purchase gain is recognized. Assets acquired and liabilities assumed from contingencies are also recognized at fair value if the fair value can be determined during the measurement period, which is no more than one year from the acquisition date. Results of operations of an acquired business are included in the Consolidated Income Statement from the date of acquisition. Acquisition-related costs, including conversion and restructuring charges, are expensed as incurred.
Investment securities	Investment securities Investment securities include debt and equity securities. Debt securities may be classified as HTM, AFS, or trading. The appropriate classification is initially decided at the time of purchase. Securities classified as HTM are those debt securities the Company has both the intent and ability to hold to maturity regardless of changes in market conditions, liquidity needs, or general economic conditions. HTM securities are carried at amortized cost. The sale of an HTM security within three months of its maturity date or after the majority of the principal outstanding has been collected is considered a maturity for purposes of classification and disclosure. Securities classified as AFS are debt securities the Company intends to hold for an indefinite period of time, but not necessarily to maturity. AFS securities are carried at their estimated fair value, with unrealized holding gains and losses reported in OCI, net of tax. Any decision to sell a security classified as AFS would be based on various factors, including significant movements in interest rates or market conditions, changes in the maturity mix of the Company’s assets and liabilities, liquidity needs, decline in credit quality, and regulatory capital considerations. When AFS debt securities are sold, the unrealized gains or losses are reclassified from OCI to non-interest income. Trading securities are debt securities bought and held principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term and therefore only held for a short period of time. Trading securities are carried at their estimated fair value, with changes in fair value reported in earnings as non-interest income. Equity securities are carried at their estimated fair value, with changes in fair value reported in earnings as non-interest income. Interest income is recognized based on the coupon rate. For HTM and AFS securities, interest income also includes the amortization of purchase premiums and the accretion of purchase discounts. Premiums and discounts on investment securities are generally amortized or accreted over the contractual life of the security using the interest method. For the Company's mortgage-backed securities, amortization or accretion of premiums or discounts are adjusted for anticipated prepayments. Gains and losses on the sale of investment securities are recorded on the trade date and determined using the specific identification method.
Allowance for credit losses on investment securities, Off-balance sheet credit exposures, including unfunded loan commitments and Allowance for credit losses on loans HFI	Allowance for credit losses on investment securities The credit loss model under ASC 326-20, applicable to HTM debt securities, requires recognition of lifetime expected credit losses through an allowance account at the time the security is purchased. The Company measures expected credit losses on its HTM debt securities on a collective basis by major security type. The Company's HTM securities portfolio consists of low income housing tax-exempt bonds and private label residential MBS. Low income housing tax-exempt bonds share similar risk characteristics with the Company's CRE, non-owner occupied or construction and land loan pools, given the similarity in underlying assets or collateral. Accordingly, expected credit losses on HTM securities are estimated using the same models and approaches as these loan pools, which utilize risk parameters (PD, LGD and EAD) in the measurement of expected credit losses. The historical data used to estimate probability of default and severity of loss in the event of default is derived or obtained from internal and external sources and adjusted for the expected effects of reasonable and supportable forecasts over the expected lives of the securities. Accrued interest receivable on HTM securities, which is included in Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, is excluded from the estimate of expected credit losses. The credit loss model under ASC 326-30, applicable to AFS debt securities, requires recognition of credit losses through an allowance account with credit losses recognized once securities become impaired. For AFS debt securities, a decline in fair value due to credit loss results in recognition of an ACL. Impairment may result from credit deterioration of the issuer or collateral underlying the security. An assessment to determine whether a decline in fair value resulted from a credit loss is performed at the individual security level. Among other factors, the Company considers: 1) the extent to which the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis; 2) the financial condition and near term prospects of the issuer, including consideration of relevant financial metrics or ratios of the issuer; 3) any adverse conditions related to an industry or geographic area of an issuer; 4) any changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency; and 5) any past due principal or interest payments from the issuer. If an assessment of the above factors indicates a credit loss exists, the Company records an ACL for the excess of the amortized cost basis over the present value of cash flows expected to be collected, limited to the amount that the security's fair value is less than its amortized cost basis. Subsequent changes in the ACL are recorded as a provision for (or recovery of) credit loss expense. Interest accruals and amortization and accretion of premiums and discounts are suspended and any unpaid accrued interest is reversed when a credit loss is recognized in earnings. Any interest received after the security has been placed on nonaccrual status is recognized on a cash basis. Accrued interest receivable on AFS debt securities, which is included in Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, is excluded from the estimate of expected credit losses. For each AFS security in an unrealized loss position, the Company also considers: 1) its intent to hold the security until anticipated recovery of the security's fair value; and 2) whether it is more-likely-than not the Company would be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met, the debt security is written down to its fair value. At such time, any unrealized holding losses recorded in AOCI are reversed and the write-down is charged against the ACL with any incremental impairment recorded in earnings. Charge-offs are made through reversal of the ACL and a direct charge to the amortized cost basis of the AFS security. The Company considers the following events to be indicators that a charge-off should be taken: 1) bankruptcy of the issuer; 2) significant adverse event(s) affecting the issuer in which it is improbable for the issuer to make its remaining payments on the security; and 3) significant loss of value of the underlying collateral behind a security. Recoveries on debt securities, if any, are recorded in the period received. Allowance for credit losses on loans HFI Credit risk is inherent in the business of extending loans and leases to borrowers and is continuously monitored by management and reflected within the ACL. The ACL is an estimate of life-of-loan losses for the Company's loans HFI. The ACL is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of loans HFI to present the net amount expected to be collected. The estimate of expected credit losses excludes accrued interest receivable on these loans, except for accrued interest related to the Residential-EBO loan pool. Accrued interest receivable, net of an ACL on the Residential-EBO loan pool, is included in Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The ACL on loans HFI includes an estimate of future charge-offs as well as an offset for expected recoveries of amounts previously charged-off. The Company formally re-evaluates and establishes the appropriate level of the ACL on a quarterly basis. Determining the appropriateness of the allowance is complex and requires judgment by management about the effects of matters that are inherently uncertain. In future periods, evaluations of the overall loan portfolio or particular segments of the loan portfolio, in light of the factors and forecasts then prevailing, may result in significant changes in the ACL and provision for credit losses in those future periods. The allowance level is influenced by loan volumes and mix, average remaining maturities, loan performance metrics, asset quality characteristics, delinquency status, historical credit loss experience, and other conditions influencing loss expectations, such as reasonable and supportable forecasts of economic conditions. The methodology for estimating the amount of expected credit losses reported in the ACL has two basic components: first, an asset-specific component involving individual loans that do not share similar risk characteristics with other loans and the measurement of expected credit losses for such individual loans and second, a pooled component for estimated expected credit losses for loans that share similar risk characteristics. Loans that do not share risk characteristics with other loans Loans that do not share risk characteristics with other loans are evaluated on an individual basis. Loans evaluated individually are not included in the collective evaluation. These loans consist of loans with unique features or loans that no longer share risk characteristics with other pooled loans. The process for determining whether a loan should be evaluated on an individual basis begins with a determination of credit rating. With the exception of residential loans, all loans graded Substandard or worse with a total commitment of $1.0 million or more are evaluated on an individual basis. For these loans, the allowance is based primarily on the fair value of the underlying collateral, utilizing independent third-party appraisals, and assessment of borrower guarantees. Loans that share similar risk characteristics with other loans In estimating the component of the ACL for loans that share similar risk characteristics, loans are segregated into loan segments with shared risk characteristics. The Company's primary portfolio segments align with the methodology applied in estimating the ACL under CECL. Loans are designated and pooled into loan segments based on product types, business lines, and other risk characteristics. In determining the ACL, the Company derives an estimate of expected credit losses primarily using an expected loss methodology that incorporates risk parameters (PD, LGD, and EAD), which are derived from various vendor models, internally-developed statistical models, or non-statistical estimation approaches. Probability of default is projected in these models or estimation approaches using a single economic scenario and were developed to incorporate relevant information about past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. With the exception of the Company's residential loan segment, the Company's PD models define default as loans that are 90 days past due, on nonaccrual status, have a charge-off, or obligor bankruptcy. Input reversion is used for the warehouse lending, municipal and nonprofit, equity fund resources, and residential loan portfolio segment models as these loan portfolio segments have limited or no loss history. Under input reversion, economic forecasts revert to their historical trends after a reasonable forecast horizon. Output reversion is used for all other loan portfolio segment models. Under output reversion, the models revert to the Company's historical losses beyond a certain reasonable period by incorporating, after the forecast period, a one-year linear reversion to the long-term reversion rate in year three through the remaining life of the loans within the respective segments. LGDs are typically derived from the Company's historical loss experience. However, for the warehouse lending and municipal and nonprofit loan segments, where the Company has either zero (or near zero) losses, or has a limited loss history through the last economic downturn, certain non-modeled methodologies are employed to estimate LGD. Factors utilized in calculating average LGD vary for each loan segment and are further described below. EAD refers to the Company's exposure to loss at the time of borrower default. For revolving lines of credit, the Company incorporates an expectation of increased line utilization for a higher EAD on defaulted loans based on historical experience. For term loans, EAD is calculated using an amortization schedule based on contractual loan terms, adjusted for a prepayment rate assumption. Prepayment trends are sensitive to interest rates and the macroeconomic environment. Fixed rate loans are more influenced by interest rates, whereas variable rate loans are more influenced by the macroeconomic environment. After the quantitative expected loss estimates are calculated, management then adjusts these estimates to incorporate consideration of different probability weighted economic scenarios, current trends and conditions not captured in the quantitative loss estimates, through the use of qualitative and/or environmental factors. The following provides credit quality indicators and risk elements most relevant in monitoring and measuring the ACL on loans for each of the loan portfolio segments identified: Warehouse lending The warehouse lending portfolio segment consists of mortgage warehouse lines, MSR financing facilities, and note finance loans, which have a monitored borrowing base to mortgage companies and similar lenders and are primarily structured as commercial and industrial loans. The collateral for these loans is primarily comprised of residential whole loans and MSRs, with the borrowing base of these loans tightly monitored and controlled by the Company. The primary support for these loans takes the form of pledged collateral, with secondary support provided by the capacity of the financial institution. The collateral-driven nature of these loans distinguish them from traditional commercial and industrial loans. These loans are impacted by interest rate shocks, residential lending rates, prepayment assumptions, and general real estate stress. As a result of the unique loan characteristics, limited historical default and loss experience, and the collateral nature of this loan portfolio segment, the Company uses a non-modeled approach to estimate expected credit losses, leveraging grade information, grade migration history, and management judgment. Municipal and nonprofit The municipal and nonprofit portfolio segment consists of loans to local governments, government-operated utilities, special assessment districts, hospitals, schools and other nonprofits. These loans are generally, but not exclusively, entered into for the purpose of financing real estate investment or for refinancing existing debt and are primarily structured as commercial and industrial loans. Loans are supported by taxes or utility fees, and in some cases tax liens on real estate, operating revenue of the institution, or other collateral types. While unemployment rates and the market valuation of residential properties have an effect on the tax revenues supporting these loans, these loans tend to be less cyclical in comparison to similar commercial loans due to reliance on diversified tax bases. The Company uses a non-modeled approach to estimate expected credit losses for this portfolio segment, leveraging grade information and historical municipal default rates. Tech & innovation The tech & innovation portfolio segment is comprised of commercial loans originated within this business line and are not collateralized by real estate. The source of repayment of these loans is generally expected to be the income generated from the business or contributions from ownership to sustain the business's growth model. Expected credit losses for this loan segment are estimated using internally-developed models. These models incorporate market level and company-specific factors such as financial statement variables, adjusted for the current stage of the credit cycle and for the Company's loan performance data such as delinquency, utilization, maturity, and size of the loan commitment under specific macroeconomic scenarios to produce a probability of default. Macroeconomic variables include average investment to GDP and treasury yields. LGD and the prepayment rate assumption for EAD are driven by unemployment levels for this loan segment. Equity fund resources The equity fund resources portfolio segment is comprised of commercial loans to private equity and venture capital funds. The primary source of repayment of these loans is typically uncalled capital commitments from institutional investors and high net worth individuals. The Company uses a non-modeled approach to estimate expected credit losses for this portfolio segment, leveraging loan grade information. Other commercial and industrial The other commercial and industrial segment is comprised primarily of commercial and industrial loans to middle market companies and large corporations that are not collateralized by real estate. The models used to estimate expected credit losses for middle-market companies are the same as those used for the tech & innovation portfolio segment. The estimate of expected credit losses for loans to large corporations incorporates the use of an internally-developed PD model tailored to large, publicly traded companies. Commercial real estate, owner-occupied The CRE, owner-occupied portfolio segment is comprised of commercial loans collateralized by real estate, where the borrower has a business that occupies the property. These loans are typically entered into for the purpose of providing real estate finance or improvement. The primary source of repayment of these loans is the income generated by the business and where rental or sale of the property may provide secondary support for the loan. These loans are sensitive to general economic conditions as well as the market valuation of CRE properties. The PD estimate for this loan segment is modeled using the same internally-developed model as the commercial and industrial loan segment. LGD for this loan segment is driven by property appreciation and the ratio of fixed investment to GDP. The prepayment rate assumption for EAD is driven by unemployment levels. Hotel franchise finance The hotel franchise finance segment is comprised of loans originated within this business line and are collateralized by real estate, where the owner is not the primary tenant. These loans are typically entered into for the purpose of financing or the improvement of commercial investment properties. The primary source of repayment of these loans are the rents paid by tenants and where the sale of the property may provide secondary support for the loan. These loans are sensitive to the market valuation of CRE properties, rental rates, and general economic conditions. The vendor model used to estimate expected credit losses for this loan segment projects PD and EAD based on multiple macroeconomic scenarios by modeling how macroeconomic conditions affect the commercial real estate market. Real estate market factors utilized in this model include vacancy rate, rental growth rate, net operating income growth rate, and commercial property price changes for each specific property type. The model then incorporates loan and property-level characteristics including debt coverage, leverage, collateral size, seasoning, and property type. LGD for this loan segment is derived from a non-modeled approach that is driven by property appreciation and the prepayment rate assumption for EAD is driven by the property appreciation for fixed rate loans and unemployment levels for variable rate loans. Other commercial real estate, non-owner occupied The other commercial real estate, non-owner occupied segment is comprised of loans collateralized by real estate where the owner is not the primary tenant, and not originated within the Company's specialty business lines. The model used to estimate expected credit losses for this loan segment is the same as the model used for the hotel franchise finance portfolio segment. Residential The residential loan portfolio segment is comprised of loans collateralized primarily by first liens on 1-4 residential family properties and home equity lines of credit collateralized by either first liens or junior liens on residential properties. The primary source of repayment of these loans is the value of the property and the capacity of the owner to make payments on the loan. Unemployment rates and the market valuation of residential properties will impact the ultimate repayment of these loans. The residential mortgage loan model is a vendor model that projects PD, LGD severity, prepayment rate, and EAD to calculate expected losses. The model is intended to capture the borrower's payment behavior during the lifetime of the residential loan by incorporating loan level characteristics such as loan type, coupon, age, loan-to-value, and credit score and economic conditions such as Home Price Index, interest rate, and unemployment rate. A default event for residential loans is defined as 60 days or more past due, with property appreciation as the driver for LGD results. The prepayment rate assumption for EAD for residential loans is based on industry prepayment history. PD for HELOCs is derived from an internally-developed model that incorporates loan level information such as delinquency status, loan term, and FICO score and macroeconomic conditions such as property appreciation. LGD for this loan segment is driven by property appreciation and lien position. EAD for HELOCs is calculated based on utilization rate assumptions using a non-modeled approach and also incorporates management judgment. Residential - EBO The residential EBO loan portfolio segment is comprised of government guaranteed or insured loans collateralized primarily by first liens on 1-4 residential family properties purchased from GNMA pools, which were at least three months delinquent at the time of purchase. These loans differ from the residential loans included in the Company's Residential loan portfolio segment as the principal balance of these loans are government guaranteed or insured. The Company has not recognized an ACL on this portfolio segment as management's expectation of nonpayment of the amortized cost basis, based on historical losses, adjusted for current and forecasted conditions, is zero. The estimate of expected credit losses related to accrued interest and other fees for the Residential-EBO loan pool is based on an expected loss methodology that incorporates risk parameters, PD and LGD, which are derived from an internally-developed statistical model. PD is derived from delinquency transition rates based on historical data and LGD is derived from historical losses. Construction and land development The construction and land portfolio segment is comprised of loans collateralized by land or real estate, which are entered into for the purpose of real estate development. The primary source of repayment of these loans is the eventual sale or refinance of the completed project and where claims on the property provide secondary support for the loan. These loans are impacted by the market valuation of CRE and residential properties and general economic conditions that have a higher sensitivity to real estate markets compared to other real estate loans. Default risk of a property is driven by loan-specific drivers, including loan-to-value, maturity, origination date, and the MSA in which the property is located, among other factors. The variables used in the internally-developed model include loan level drivers such as origination loan-to-value, loan maturity, and macroeconomic drivers such as property appreciation, MSA level unemployment rate, and national GDP growth. LGD for this loan segment is driven by property appreciation. The prepayment rate assumption for EAD is driven by the property appreciation for fixed rate loans and unemployment levels for variable rate loans. Other The other portfolio consists of loans not already captured in one of the aforementioned loan portfolio segments, which include, but may not be limited to, overdraft lines for treasury services, credit cards, consumer loans not collateralized by real estate, and small business loans collateralized by residential real estate. The consumer and small business loans are supported by the capacity of the borrower and the valuation of any collateral. General economic factors such as unemployment will have an effect on these loans. The Company uses a non-modeled approach to estimate expected credit losses, leveraging average historical default rates. LGD for this loan segment is driven by unemployment levels and lien position. The prepayment rate assumption for EAD is driven by the BBB corporate spread for fixed rate loans and unemployment levels for variable rate loans. Off-balance sheet credit exposures, including unfunded loan commitments The Company maintains a separate ACL on off-balance-sheet credit exposures, including unfunded loan commitments, financial guarantees, and letters of credit, which is classified in Other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The ACL on off-balance sheet credit exposures is adjusted through increases or decreases to the provision for credit loss expense. The estimate includes consideration of the likelihood that funding will occur, an estimate of EAD derived from utilization rate assumptions using a non-modeled approach, and PD and LGD estimates derived from the same models and approaches for the Company's other loan portfolio segments described in the ACL on loans HFI section within this note. The Company does not record a credit loss estimate for off-balance sheet credit exposures that are unconditionally cancellable by the Company or for undrawn amounts under such arrangements that may be drawn prior to the cancellation of the arrangement.
Restricted stock	Restricted stock
Loans held for sale	Loans held for sale The Company's loans HFS primarily consist of purchased and originated 1-4 family residential mortgage loans to be sold or securitized through its mortgage banking business. These loans are reported at either fair value, or the lower of cost or fair value, depending on the acquisition source, as further described below. The Company has generally elected to record loans purchased from correspondent sellers or originated directly to consumers at fair value to more timely reflect the Company's performance. The Company may also elect to record certain delinquent loans repurchased under the terms of the GNMA MBS program, referred to as EBO loans, at fair value. Changes in fair value of loans HFS are reported in current period income as a component of Net gain on loan origination and sale activities in the Consolidated Income Statement. Alternatively, loans repurchased from investors are generally reported at the lower of cost or fair value. For these repurchased loans, the amount by which cost exceeds fair value is accounted for as a valuation allowance and any changes in the valuation allowance are included in Net gain on loan origination and sale activities in the Consolidated Income Statement. The Company recognizes a transfer of loans as a sale when it surrenders control over the transferred loans. Control is considered to be surrendered when the transferred loans have been legally isolated from the Company, the transferee has the right (free of conditions that constrain it from taking advantage of that right) to pledge or exchange the transferred loans, and the Company does not maintain effective control over the transferred loans through either an agreement that entitles or obligates the Company to repurchase or redeem the loans before their maturity or the ability to unilaterally cause the holder to return loans. If the transfer of loans qualifies as a sale, the Company derecognizes such loans. If the transfer of loans does not qualify as a sale, the proceeds from the transfer are accounted for as secured borrowings. Loan acquisition and origination fees on loans HFS consist of fees earned by the Company for purchasing and originating loans and are recognized at the time the loans are purchased or originated. These fees generally represent flat, per loan fee amounts and are included as Net gain on loan origination and sale activities in the Consolidated Income Statement. Recognition of interest income on non-government guaranteed or uninsured loans HFS is suspended and accrued unpaid interest receivable is reversed through interest income when loans become 90 days delinquent or when recovery of income and principal becomes doubtful. Loans return to accrual status when the principal and interest become current and it is probable the amounts are fully collectible. For government guaranteed or insured loans HFS that are 90 days delinquent, the Company generally continues to recognize interest income at a rate between the debenture and notes rates, as adjusted for probability of default, for FHA loans and at the note rate for VA and USDA loans, less estimated losses for certain nonrecoverable expenses. At times, the Company may also transfer loans from its HFI portfolio to HFS. Loans transferred from HFI to HFS will be transferred at the lower of amortized cost basis (adjusted for any charge-offs) or fair value. If the amortized cost basis of the transferred loan exceeds its fair value and the fair value decline is determined to be due to credit quality, a charge-off is recorded against the ACL upon transfer. If the fair value decline is determined not to be credit related, a valuation allowance equal to the difference between the amortized cost and fair value of the loan will be established on the transfer date and any subsequent changes in the valuation allowance will be recognized in earnings. Any ACL previously recorded on transferred loans will be reversed and recognized in earnings at the time of the transfer.
Loans held for investment	Loans held for investment Loans HFI are loans management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or payoff and are reported at amortized cost. Amortized cost is the amount of unpaid principal, adjusted for unamortized net deferred fees and costs, premiums and discounts, and charge-offs. In addition, the amortized cost basis of loans subject to fair value hedges are adjusted for changes in value attributable to the effective portion of the hedged benchmark interest rate risk. The Company may also purchase loans or acquire loans through a business combination. At the purchase or acquisition date, loans are evaluated to determine whether there has been more than insignificant credit deterioration since origination. Loans that have experienced more than insignificant credit deterioration since origination are referred to as PCD loans. In its evaluation of whether a loan has experienced more than insignificant deterioration in credit quality since origination, the Company takes into consideration loan grades, past due and nonaccrual status, and loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. The Company may also consider external credit rating agency ratings for borrowers and for non-commercial loans, FICO score or band, probability of default levels, and number of times past due. At the purchase or acquisition date, the amortized cost basis of PCD loans is equal to the purchase price and an initial estimate of credit losses. The initial recognition of expected credit losses on PCD loans has no impact on net income. When the initial measurement of expected credit losses on PCD loans is calculated on a pooled loan basis, the expected credit losses are allocated to each loan within the pool. Any difference between the initial amortized cost basis and the unpaid principal balance of the loan represents a noncredit discount or premium, which is accreted (or amortized) into interest income over the life of the loan. Subsequent changes to the ACL on PCD loans are recorded through the provision for credit losses. For purchased loans not deemed to have experienced more than insignificant credit deterioration since origination and are therefore not deemed PCD, any discounts or premiums included in the purchase price are accreted (or amortized) over the contractual life of the individual loan. In contrast to PCD loans, the initial estimate of expected credit losses on loans not deemed to have experienced more than insignificant deterioration since origination is recognized in net income. For additional information, see "Note 4. Loans, Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses" of these Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. The Company generally applies the contractual method whereby loan origination fees less direct loan origination costs (net deferred fees), as well as premiums and discounts and certain purchase accounting adjustments, are amortized over the contractual life of the loan through interest income. If a loan has scheduled payments, the amortization of net deferred fees is calculated using the interest method over the contractual life of the loan. If a loan does not have scheduled payments, such as a revolving line of credit, net deferred loan fees are recognized as interest income on a straight-line basis over the term of the revolver. When loans are repaid, any remaining unamortized balances of net deferred fees, premiums, or discounts are recognized as interest income. Net deferred fees on commitments where the likelihood of exercise is more than remote are deferred until the commitment is drawn upon. A proportional amount of the net deferred fees, based on the amount drawn compared to the total commitment, are recognized through interest income using the interest method over the remaining life of the commitment. Upon expiration of the commitment, any remaining unamortized net deferred fees are recognized as non-interest income through Service charges and loan fees. Fees based on a percentage of a customer’s unused line of credit are recognized when the amount is determinable and fees related to standby letters of credit are recognized over the commitment period. These fees are recorded as non-interest income through Service charges and loan fees. Nonaccrual loans When a borrower discontinues making payments as contractually required by the note, the Company must determine whether it is appropriate to continue to accrue interest. The Company ceases accruing interest income when a loan becomes delinquent by more than 90 days or when management determines the full repayment of principal and collection of interest according to contractual terms is no longer likely. Past due status is based on the contractual terms of the loan. The Company may decide to continue to accrue interest on certain loans more than 90 days delinquent if the loans are well-secured by collateral and in the process of collection. For government guaranteed or insured loans that are 90 days delinquent, the Company continues to recognize interest income at a rate between the debenture rate and note rates, as adjusted for probability of default for FHA loans and at the note rate for VA and USDA loans, less estimated losses for certain nonrecoverable expenses. For all loans HFI, when a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, all interest accrued but uncollected is reversed against interest income in the period in which the status is changed, and the Company makes a loan-level decision to apply either the cash basis or cost recovery method. The Company may recognize income on a cash basis when a payment is received on a nonaccrual loan provided the collection of the remaining recorded investment in the loan is deemed to be fully collectible. Under the cost recovery method, subsequent payments received from the customer are applied to principal and generally no further interest income is recognized until the loan principal has been paid in full or until circumstances have changed such that payments are again consistently received as contractually required. Loans are returned to accrual status when all of the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured. Modifications of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty The Company may agree to modify the terms of a loan to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty. Loans graded Substandard or worse are often characterized by inadequate paying capacity of the borrower and therefore, modifications of these loans are generally considered to be made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. The loan terms that may be modified or restructured due to a borrower’s financial situation include principal forgiveness, an interest rate reduction, an other-than-insignificant payment delay, a term extension, or a combination of these terms. Credit quality indicators Loans are regularly reviewed to assess credit quality indicators and to determine appropriate loan classification and grading in accordance with applicable bank regulations. The Company’s risk rating methodology assigns risk ratings ranging from 1 to 9, where a higher rating represents higher risk. The Company differentiates its loan segments based on shared risk characteristics for which expected credit losses are measured on a pool basis. The nine risk rating categories can generally be described by the following groupings for loans: "Pass" (grades 1 through 5): The Company has five pass risk ratings, which represent a level of credit quality that ranges from having no well-defined deficiency or weakness to some noted weakness; however, the risk of default on any loan classified as pass is expected to be remote. The five pass risk ratings are described below: Minimal risk. Consist of loans that are fully secured either with cash held in a deposit account at the Bank or by readily marketable securities with an acceptable margin based on the type of security pledged. Low risk. Consist of loans with a high investment grade rating equivalent. Modest risk. Consist of loans where the credit facility greatly exceeds all policy requirements or with policy exceptions that are appropriately mitigated. A secondary source of repayment is verified and considered sustainable. Collateral coverage on these loans is sufficient to fully cover the debt as a tertiary source of repayment. Debt of the borrower is low relative to borrower’s financial strength and ability to pay. Average risk. Consist of loans where the credit facility meets or exceeds all policy requirements or with policy exceptions that are appropriately mitigated. A secondary source of repayment is available to service the debt. Collateral coverage is more than adequate to cover the debt. The borrower exhibits acceptable cash flow and moderate leverage. Acceptable risk. Consist of loans with an acceptable primary source of repayment but a less than preferable secondary source of repayment. Cash flow is adequate to service debt but there is minimal excess cash flow. Leverage is moderate or high. "Special mention" (grade 6): These are generally assets that possess potential weaknesses that warrant management's close attention. These loans may involve borrowers with adverse financial trends, higher debt-to-equity ratios, or weaker liquidity positions, but not to the degree of being considered a “problem loan” where risk of loss may be apparent. Loans in this category are usually performing as agreed, although there may be non-compliance with financial covenants. "Substandard" (grade 7): These assets are characterized by well-defined credit weaknesses and carry the distinct possibility the Company will sustain some loss if such weakness or deficiency is not corrected. All loans 90 days or more past due and all loans on nonaccrual status are considered at least "Substandard," unless extraordinary circumstances would suggest otherwise. "Doubtful" (grade 8): These assets have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as "Substandard" with the added characteristic that the weaknesses present make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable, but because of certain known factors that may work to the advantage and strengthening of the asset (for example, capital injection, perfecting liens on additional collateral and refinancing plans), classification as "Loss" is deferred until a more precise status may be determined. Due to the high probability of loss, loans classified as "Doubtful" are placed on nonaccrual status. "Loss" (grade 9): These assets are considered uncollectible and having such little recoverable value, it is not practical to defer writing off the asset. This classification does not mean the loan has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather it is not practicable or desirable to defer writing off the asset, even though partial recovery may be achieved in the future.
Transfers of financial assets	Transfers of financial assets A transfer of a financial asset is accounted for as a sale when control over the asset has been surrendered. Control over a transferred asset is deemed surrendered when the: 1) asset has been isolated from the Company; 2) transferee obtains the right to pledge or exchange the transferred asset; and 3) Company no longer maintains effective control over the transferred asset. If a transfer of a financial asset does not qualify as a sale, the proceeds from the transfer are accounted for as a secured borrowing.
Premises and equipment	Premises and equipment Premises and equipment amounts are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation is computed principally using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the term of the lease or the estimated life of the improvement. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the following estimated lives: Years Bank premises 31 Furniture, fixtures, and equipment 3 - 15 Leasehold improvements 3 - 10 Software 1 - 10 Management periodically reviews premises and equipment for impairment to determine whether facts and circumstances suggest the value of an asset is not recoverable. Useful lives of these assets are also reviewed periodically with any changes to depreciation recognized prospectively over the new remaining useful life.
Other assets acquired through foreclosure	Other assets acquired through foreclosure Other assets acquired through foreclosure consist primarily of properties acquired as a result of, or in-lieu-of, foreclosure. Properties and other repossessed property are classified in Other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheet and are initially reported at fair value of the asset less estimated selling costs. Subsequent adjustments are based on the lower of carrying value or fair value less estimated costs to sell the property, which is evaluated at least annually. Costs related to the development or improvement of these assets are capitalized and costs related to holding the assets are charged to non-interest expense. When properties with operations are acquired, rental agreements are evaluated to determine lease classification, which is generally operating. Rental income from operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Mortgage servicing rights	Mortgage servicing rights The Company generates MSRs from its mortgage banking business. When the Company sells mortgage loans in the secondary market and retains the right to service these loans, a servicing right asset is capitalized at the time of sale when the benefits of servicing are deemed to be greater than adequate compensation for performing the servicing activities. MSRs represent the then-current fair value of future net cash flows expected to be realized from performing servicing activities. The Company has elected to subsequently measure MSRs at fair value and report changes in fair value in current period income as a component of Net loan servicing revenue in the Consolidated Income Statement. The Company may in the ordinary course of business sell MSRs and will recognize, as of the trade date, a gain or loss on the sale equal to the difference between the carrying value of the transferred MSRs and the estimated proceeds to be received as consideration. The Company subsequently derecognizes MSRs when substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership are irrevocably passed to the transferee and any protection provisions retained by the Company are minor and can be reasonably estimated, which typically occurs on the settlement date. Protection provisions are considered to be minor if the obligation created by such provisions is estimated to be no more than 10 percent of the sales price and the Company retains the risk of prepayment for no more than 120 days. The Company records an estimated liability for retained protection provisions as of the trade date, with any changes in the estimated liability recorded in earnings. In addition, fees to transfer loans associated with the sold MSRs to a new servicer are also recorded on the settlement date. Gains or losses on sales of MSRs, net of retained protection provisions, and transfer fees are included in Net loan servicing revenue in the Consolidated Income Statement.
Leases (lessee)	Leases (lessee) At inception, contracts are evaluated to determine whether the contract constitutes a lease agreement. For contracts that are determined to be an operating lease, a corresponding ROU asset and operating lease liability are recorded in separate line items on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. A ROU asset represents the Company’s right to use an underlying asset during the lease term and a lease liability represents the Company’s commitment to make contractually obligated lease payments. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at the commencement date of the lease and are based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The measurement of the operating lease ROU asset includes any lease payments made and is reduced by lease incentives that are paid or are payable to the Company. Variable lease payments that depend on an index or rate such as the Consumer Price Index are included in lease payments based on the rate in effect at the commencement date of the lease. Lease payments are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term as Occupancy expense in the Consolidated Income Statement. As the rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable, the Company's incremental collateralized borrowing rate is used to determine the present value of lease payments. This rate gives consideration to the applicable FHLB collateralized borrowing rates and is based on the information available at the commencement date. The Company has elected to apply the short-term lease measurement and recognition exemption to leases with an initial term of 12 months or less; therefore, these leases are not recorded on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet, but rather, lease expense is recognized over the lease term on a straight-line basis. The Company’s lease agreements may include options to extend or terminate the lease. These options are included in the lease term when it is reasonably certain the options will be exercised.
Goodwill and other intangible assets	Goodwill and other intangible assets Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price in a business combination over the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired. The Company performs its annual goodwill and intangibles impairment tests as of October 1 each year, or more often if events or circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. The Company may first elect to assess, through qualitative factors, whether it is more likely than not goodwill is impaired. If the qualitative assessment indicates potential impairment, a quantitative impairment test is performed. If, based on the quantitative test, a reporting unit's carrying amount exceeds its fair value, a goodwill impairment charge for this difference is recorded to current period earnings as non-interest expense. The Company’s intangible assets consist of correspondent relationships, operating licenses, tradenames , core deposit intangibles, customer relationships, and developed technology assets that are being amortized over periods between five . The Company considers the remaining useful lives of its intangible assets each reporting period, as required by ASC 350, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other , to determine whether events and circumstances warrant a revision to the remaining period of amortization. If the estimate of an intangible asset’s remaining useful life has changed, the remaining carrying amount of the intangible asset is amortized prospectively over the revised remaining useful life. The Company has not revised its estimates of the useful lives of its intangible assets during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, or 2022.
Low income housing and renewable energy tax credits	Low income housing and renewable energy tax credits The Company holds ownership interests in limited partnerships and limited liability companies that invest in affordable housing and renewable energy projects. These investments are designed to generate a return primarily through the realization of federal tax credits and deductions, which may be subject to recapture by taxing authorities if compliance requirements are not met. The Company accounts for its low income housing investments using the proportional amortization method, with the investment amortized through Income tax expense in proportion to the tax credits and other tax benefits received. Renewable energy projects are accounted for under the deferral method, whereby the investment tax credits are reflected as an immediate reduction in income taxes payable and the carrying value of the asset in the period that the investment tax credits are claimed. The deferred tax credits are amortized over the productive life of the underlying renewable energy projects and recognized as income. See "Note 17. Income Taxes" of these Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion. The Company evaluates its interests in these entities to determine whether it has a variable interest and whether it is required to consolidate these entities. A variable interest is an investment or other interest that will absorb portions of an entity's expected losses or receive portions of the entity's expected residual returns. A VIE is broadly defined as an entity where either: 1) the equity investors as a group, if any, lack the power through voting or similar rights to direct the activities of an entity that most significantly impact the entity's economic performance or 2) the equity investment at risk is insufficient to finance that entity's activities without additional subordinated financial support. The Company is required to consolidate a VIE when it is determined to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE's operations. A variable interest holder is considered to be the primary beneficiary of a VIE if it has both the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the entity's economic performance and has the obligation to absorb losses of, or the right to receive benefits from, the entity that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The Company’s assessment of whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE includes consideration of various factors such as: 1) the Company's ability to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entity's economic performance; 2) its form of ownership interest; 3) its representation on the entity's governing body; 4) the size and seniority of its investment; and 5) its ability and the rights of other investors to participate in policy making decisions and to replace the manager of and/or liquidate the entity. The Company is required to evaluate whether to consolidate a VIE both at inception and on an ongoing basis as changes in circumstances require reconsideration. The Company’s investments in qualified affordable housing and renewable energy projects meet the definition of a VIE as the entities are structured such that the limited partner investors lack substantive voting rights. The general partner or managing member has both the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the entities and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that could be significant to the entities. Accordingly, as a limited partner, the Company is not the primary beneficiary and is not required to consolidate these entities.
Bank owned life insurance	Bank owned life insurance BOLI is carried at its cash surrender value with changes recorded as Income from bank owned life insurance in the Consolidated Income Statement. The face amount of the underlying life insurance policies totaled $2.1 billion and $452 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. There are no loans offset against the cash surrender values, and there are no restrictions as to the use of proceeds.
Credit linked notes	Credit linked notes
Stock compensation plans	Stock compensation plans The Company has an incentive plan that gives the BOD the authority to grant stock awards, consisting of unrestricted stock, stock units, dividend equivalent rights, stock options (incentive and non-qualified), stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, and performance and annual incentive awards. Compensation expense on equity classified stock awards is based on the fair value of the award on the measurement date which, for the Company, is the date of the grant and is recognized ratably over the service period of the award. Forfeitures are estimated at the time of the award grant and revised in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates.
Dividends, Preferred stock and Treasury shares	Dividends WAL is a legal entity separate and distinct from its subsidiaries. As a holding company with limited significant assets other than the capital stock of its subsidiaries, WAL's ability to pay dividends depends primarily upon the receipt of dividends or other capital distributions from its subsidiaries. The Company's subsidiaries' ability to pay dividends to WAL is subject to, among other things, their individual earnings, financial condition, and need for funds, as well as federal and state governmental policies and regulations applicable to WAL and each of those subsidiaries, which limit the amount that may be paid as dividends without prior approval. In addition, the terms and conditions of other securities the Company issues may restrict its ability to pay dividends to holders of the Company's common stock. For example, if any required payments on outstanding trust preferred securities are not made, WAL would be prohibited from paying cash dividends on its common stock. Preferred stock The Company issued and has outstanding an aggregate of 12,000,000 depositary shares, each representing a 1/400th ownership interest in a share of the Company’s 4.250% Fixed-Rate Reset Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Shares, Series A, par value $0.0001 per share, with a liquidation preference of $25 per Depositary Share (equivalent to $10,000 per share of Series A preferred stock). The Company's Series A preferred stock is perpetual preferred stock that is not subject to any mandatory redemption, resulting in classification as permanent equity. Dividends on preferred stock are recognized on the declaration date and are recorded as a reduction of retained earnings. Treasury shares
Derivative financial instruments	Derivative financial instruments Derivative instruments are contracts between two or more parties that have a notional amount and an underlying variable, require a small or no initial investment, and allow for the net settlement of positions. A derivative’s notional amount serves as the basis for the payment provision of the contract and takes the form of units, such as shares or dollars. A derivative’s underlying variable is a specified interest rate, security price, commodity price, foreign exchange rate, index, or other variable. The interaction between the notional amount and the underlying variable determines the number of units to be exchanged between the parties and influences the fair value of the derivative contract. The Company recognizes derivatives as assets or liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at their fair value in accordance with ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging . The accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument depends on whether it has been designated and qualifies as part of a hedging relationship and further, on the type of hedging relationship. Derivative instruments designated in a hedge relationship to mitigate exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset or liability attributable to a particular risk, such as interest rate risk, are considered fair value hedges. The Company documents its hedge relationships, including identification of the hedging instruments and the hedged items, as well as its risk management objectives and strategies for undertaking the hedge transaction after the derivative contract is executed. At inception, the Company performs a quantitative assessment to determine whether the derivatives used in hedging transactions are highly effective (as defined in the guidance) in offsetting changes in the fair value of the hedged item. Retrospective effectiveness is assessed, as well as the continued expectation the hedge will remain effective prospectively. After the initial quantitative assessment is performed, on a quarterly basis, the Company performs ongoing qualitative or quantitative hedge effectiveness assessments, as determined at hedge inception. A qualitative assessment takes into consideration any adverse developments related to the counterparty's risk of default and any negative events or circumstances that affect the factors that originally enabled the Company to assess that it could reasonably support an expectation the hedging relationship was and will continue to be highly effective. The Company discontinues hedge accounting prospectively when it is determined a hedge is no longer highly effective. When hedge accounting is discontinued on a fair value hedge that no longer qualifies as an effective hedge, the derivative instrument continues to be reported at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, but the carrying amount of the hedged item is no longer adjusted for future changes in fair value. The adjustment to the carrying amount of the hedged item that existed at the date hedge accounting is discontinued is amortized over the remaining life of the hedged item into earnings. The Company uses interest rate contracts to mitigate interest-rate risk associated with changes to the fair value of certain fixed-rate financial instruments (fair value hedges). Changes in the fair value of a derivative that is designated and qualifies as a fair value hedge, along with changes in the fair value of the hedged asset or liability attributable to the hedged risk, are recorded in the same line item as the offsetting loss or gain on the related interest rate contracts during the period of change. For loans, the gain or loss on the hedged item is included in interest income. Derivative instruments not designated as hedges, referred to as economic hedges, are reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at fair value and the changes in fair value are recognized in earnings as non-interest income during the period of change. The Company enters into commitments to purchase mortgage loans that will be held for sale. These loan commitments, described as IRLCs, qualify as derivative instruments, except those that are originated rather than purchased, and intended for HFI classification. Changes in fair value associated with changes in interest rates are economically hedged by utilizing forward sale commitments, interest rate futures, and interest rate swaps. These hedging instruments are typically entered into contemporaneously with IRLCs. Loans that have been or will be purchased or originated may be used to satisfy the Company's forward sale commitments. In addition, derivative financial instruments are also used to economically hedge the Company's MSR portfolio. Changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments that hedge IRLCs and loans HFS are included in Net gain on loan origination and sale activities in the Consolidated Income Statement. Changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments that hedge MSRs are included in Net loan servicing revenue in the Consolidated Income Statement. The Company may in the normal course of business purchase a financial instrument or originate a loan that contains an embedded derivative instrument. Upon purchasing the instrument or originating the loan, the Company assesses whether the economic characteristics of the embedded derivative are clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics of the remaining component of the financial instrument (i.e., the host contract) and whether a separate instrument with the same terms as the embedded instrument would meet the definition of a derivative instrument. When it is determined the embedded derivative possesses economic characteristics that are not clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics of the host contract and a separate instrument with the same terms would qualify as a derivative instrument, the embedded derivative is separated from the host contract and carried at fair value. However, in cases where the host contract is measured at fair value, with changes in fair value reported in current earnings, or the Company is unable to reliably identify and measure an embedded derivative for separation from its host contract, the entire contract is carried on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at fair value and is not designated as a hedging instrument.
Off-balance sheet instruments	Off-balance sheet instruments In the ordinary course of business, the Company enters into off-balance sheet financial instrument arrangements consisting of commitments to extend credit and letters of credit. Such financial instruments are recorded on the balance sheet when funded. These off-balance sheet financial instruments impact, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk in excess of amounts recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. Losses could be experienced when the Company is contractually obligated to make a payment under these instruments and must seek repayment from the borrower, which may not be as financially sound in the current period as they were when the commitment was originally made. Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract and, in certain instances, may be unconditionally cancellable. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. The Company enters into credit arrangements that generally provide for the termination of advances in the event of a covenant violation or other event of default. As commitments may expire without being fully drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Company evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Company upon extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the party. The commitments are collateralized by the same types of assets used as loan collateral. The Company also has off-balance sheet arrangements related to its derivative instruments. Derivative instruments are recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at fair value and their notional values are carried off-balance sheet. See "Note 15. Derivatives and Hedging Activities" of these Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion.
Fair values of financial instruments	Fair values of financial instruments The Company uses fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities. ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement , establishes a framework for measuring fair value and a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurement, and also sets forth disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date. The Company uses various valuation approaches, including market, income, and/or cost approaches. ASC 820 establishes a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability and are developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company’s assumptions about the factors market participants would consider in pricing the asset or liability and are developed based on the best information available in the circumstances. The hierarchy is broken down into three levels based on the reliability of inputs, as follows: • Level 1 - Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities. • Level 2 - Inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These might include quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability (such as interest rates, prepayment speeds, volatilities, etc.) or model-based valuation techniques where all significant assumptions are observable, either directly or indirectly, in the market. • Level 3 - Valuation is generated from model-based techniques where one or more significant inputs are not observable, either directly or indirectly, in the market. These unobservable assumptions reflect the Company’s own estimates of assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Valuation techniques may include use of matrix pricing, discounted cash flow models, and similar techniques. The availability of observable inputs varies based on the nature of the specific financial instrument. To the extent valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires more judgment. Accordingly, the degree of judgment exercised by the Company in determining fair value is greatest for instruments categorized in Level 3. In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. For disclosure purposes, the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement determines the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement falls in its entirety. Fair value is a market-based measure considered from the perspective of a market participant who may purchase the asset or assume the liability, rather than an entity-specific measure. When market assumptions are available, ASC 820 requires the Company to consider the assumptions market participants would use to estimate the fair value of the financial instrument at the measurement date. ASC 825, Financial Instruments , requires disclosure of fair value information about financial instruments, whether or not recognized on the balance sheet, for which it is practicable to estimate value. Management uses its best judgment in estimating the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments; however, there are inherent limitations in any estimation technique. Therefore, for substantially all financial instruments, the fair value estimates presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company could have realized in a sales transaction at December 31, 2024 and 2023. The estimated fair value amounts for December 31, 2024 and 2023 have been measured as of period-end and have not been re-evaluated or updated for purposes of these Consolidated Financial Statements subsequent to those dates. As such, the estimated fair values of these financial instruments subsequent to the reporting date may be different than the amounts reported at period-end. The information in "Note 19. Fair Value Accounting" of these Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements should not be interpreted as an estimate of the fair value of the entire Company since a fair value calculation is only required for a limited portion of the Company’s assets and liabilities. Due to the wide range of valuation techniques and the degree of subjectivity used in making the estimate, comparisons between the Company’s disclosures and those of other companies or banks may not be meaningful. The following methods and assumptions were used by the Company in estimating the fair value of its financial instruments: Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash The carrying amounts reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheet for cash and due from banks approximate their fair value. Investment securities The fair values of U.S. Treasury and certain other debt securities as well as publicly traded CRA investments and exchange-listed common and preferred stock are based on quoted market prices and are categorized as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy. The fair values of debt securities not classified as Level 1 are primarily determined based on matrix pricing. Matrix pricing is a mathematical technique that utilizes observable market inputs including, yield curves, credit ratings, and prepayment speeds. Fair values determined using matrix pricing are generally categorized as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. In addition to matrix pricing, the Company uses other pricing sources, including observed prices on publicly traded securities and dealer quotes, to estimate the fair value of debt securities, which are also categorized as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. Loans HFS Government-insured or guaranteed, agency-conforming, and certain non-agency loans HFS are salable into active markets. Accordingly, the fair value of these loans is based on quoted market or contracted selling prices or a market price equivalent, which are categorized as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of certain non-agency loans HFS as well as other loans that become nonsalable into active markets due to the identification of a defect is determined based on valuation techniques that utilize Level 3 inputs. Loans HFI The fair value of loans HFI is estimated based on a discounted cash flow methodology using interest rates currently being offered for loans with similar terms to borrowers with similar credit quality and adjustments the Company believes a market participant would consider in determining fair value based on a third-party independent valuation. As a result, the fair value for loans HFI is categorized as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. Mortgage servicing rights The fair value of MSRs is estimated using a discounted cash flow model that incorporates assumptions a market participant would use in estimating the fair value of servicing rights, including, but not limited to, option adjusted spread, conditional prepayment rate, servicing fee rate, and cost to service. As a result, the fair value for MSRs is categorized as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. Accrued interest receivable and payable The carrying amounts reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheet for accrued interest receivable and payable approximate their fair values. Derivative financial instruments All derivatives are recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at fair value. The valuation methodologies used to estimate the fair value of derivative instruments varies by type. Interest rate contracts, foreign currency contracts, and forward purchase and sales contracts are measured based on valuation techniques using Level 2 inputs, such as quoted market price, contracted selling price, or a market price equivalent. IRLCs are measured based on valuation techniques that consider loan type, underlying loan amount, maturity date, note rate, loan program, and expected settlement date, with Level 3 inputs for the servicing release premium and pull-through rate. These measurements are adjusted at the loan level to consider the servicing release premium and loan pricing adjustment specific to each loan. The base value is then adjusted for the pull-through rate. The pull-through rate and servicing fee multiple are unobservable inputs based on historical experience. Deposits The fair value for demand and savings deposits is by definition equal to the amount payable on demand at the reporting date (that is, their carrying amount), as these deposits do not have a contractual term. The carrying amount for variable rate deposit accounts approximates their fair value. Fair values for fixed rate certificates of deposit are estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation that applies both market interest rates and rates currently being offered on certificates to a schedule of aggregated expected monthly maturities on these deposits. The fair value measurement of deposit liabilities is categorized as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. FHLB advances and repurchase agreements The fair values of the Company’s borrowings are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, based on the market rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements. The carrying value of FHLB advances and repurchase agreements approximate their fair values due to their floating rates and short durations or recent execution and have been categorized as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. Credit linked notes The fair value of credit linked notes is based on observable inputs, when available, and as such, credit linked notes are categorized as Level 2 liabilities. Subordinated debt The fair value of subordinated debt is based on the market rate for the respective subordinated debt security. Subordinated debt has been categorized as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. Junior subordinated debt Junior subordinated debt is valued based on a discounted cash flow model which uses the Treasury Bond rates and the 'BB' rated financial indexes as inputs. Junior subordinated debt has been categorized as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.
Income taxes	Income taxes The Company is subject to income taxes in the United States and files a consolidated federal income tax return with all of its subsidiaries, with the exception of BW Real Estate, Inc. Deferred income taxes are recorded to reflect the effects of temporary differences between the financial reporting carrying amounts of assets and liabilities and their income tax bases using enacted tax rates expected to be in effect when the taxes are actually paid or recovered. As changes in tax laws or rates are enacted, deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted through the provision for income taxes. Net DTAs are recorded to the extent these assets will more-likely-than-not be realized. In making these determinations, all available positive and negative evidence is considered, including scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, tax planning strategies, projected future taxable income, and recent operating results. If it is determined that deferred income tax assets to be realized in the future are in excess of their net recorded amount, an adjustment to the valuation allowance will be recorded, which will reduce the Company's provision for income taxes. A tax benefit from an unrecognized tax benefit may be recognized when it is more-likely-than-not the position will be sustained upon examination, including related appeals or litigation, based on technical merits. Income tax benefits must meet a more-likely-than-not recognition threshold at the effective date to be recognized. Interest and penalties on income taxes are recognized as part of interest income or expense and non-interest expense, respectively, in the Consolidated Income Statement. See "Note 17. Income Taxes" of these Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion on income taxes.
Non-interest income	Non-interest income Non-interest income includes revenue associated with mortgage banking and commercial banking activities, investment securities, equity investments, and BOLI. These non-interest income streams are primarily generated by different types of financial instruments held by the Company for which there is specific accounting guidance and therefore, are not within the scope of ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers . Non-interest income amounts within the scope of ASC 606 include certain service charges and fees, debit and credit card interchange fees, and legal settlement services fees. Service charges and fees consist of fees earned from performance of account analysis, general account services, and other deposit account services. These fees are recognized as the related services are provided. Card income includes fees earned from customer use of debit and credit cards, interchange income from merchants, and international charges. Card income is generally within the scope of ASC 310, Receivables ; however, certain processing transactions for merchants, such as interchange fees, are within the scope of ASC 606. The Company generally receives payment for its services during the period or at the time services are provided and, therefore, does not have material contract asset or liability balances at period end. Legal settlement service fees relate to payment services provided for the distribution of funds from legal settlements and are recognized upon transfer of funds to a claimant.

Summary of Significant Accoun_3

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Schedule of Estimated Lives	Depreciation and amortization are computed using the following estimated lives: Years Bank premises 31 Furniture, fixtures, and equipment 3 - 15 Leasehold improvements 3 - 10 Software 1 - 10 December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Bank premises $ 96 $ 96 Construction in progress 62 82 Furniture, fixtures, and equipment 125 108 Land and improvements 32 32 Leasehold improvements 98 85 Software 225 142 Total 638 545 Accumulated depreciation and amortization (277) (206) Premises and equipment, net $ 361 $ 339

Investment Securities (Tables)

Investment Securities (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Investment Securities (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2024
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]
Carrying Amounts and Fair Values of Investment Securities	The carrying amounts and fair values of investment securities at December 31, 2024 and 2023 are summarized as follows: December 31, 2024 Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized (Losses) Fair Value (in millions) Held-to-maturity Tax-exempt $ 1,350 $ 1 $ (180) $ 1,171 Private label residential MBS 176 — (38) 138 Total HTM securities $ 1,526 $ 1 $ (218) $ 1,309 Available-for-sale debt securities Residential MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA $ 6,225 $ 16 $ (410) $ 5,831 U.S. Treasury securities 4,385 1 (3) 4,383 Private label residential MBS 1,148 — (201) 947 Tax-exempt 921 — (76) 845 CLO 570 — — 570 Commercial MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA 447 1 (11) 437 Corporate debt securities 407 — (21) 386 Other 75 1 (7) 69 Total AFS debt securities $ 14,178 $ 19 $ (729) $ 13,468 December 31, 2023 Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized (Losses) Fair Value (in millions) Held-to-maturity Tax-exempt $ 1,243 $ 1 $ (140) $ 1,104 Private label residential MBS 186 — (39) 147 Total HTM securities $ 1,429 $ 1 $ (179) $ 1,251 Available-for-sale debt securities U.S. Treasury securities $ 4,853 $ 1 $ (1) $ 4,853 Residential MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA 2,328 3 (359) 1,972 CLO 1,407 1 (9) 1,399 Private label residential MBS 1,320 1 (204) 1,117 Tax-exempt 925 — (67) 858 Commercial MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA 531 8 (9) 530 Corporate debt securities 411 — (44) 367 Other 74 4 (9) 69 Total AFS debt securities $ 11,849 $ 18 $ (702) $ 11,165
AFS Debt Securities in an Unrealized Loss Position	The following tables summarize the Company's AFS debt securities in an unrealized loss position, aggregated by major security type and length of time in a continuous unrealized loss position: December 31, 2024 Less Than Twelve Months More Than Twelve Months Total Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value (in millions) Available-for-sale debt securities Residential MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA $ 18 $ 1,793 $ 392 $ 1,482 $ 410 $ 3,275 U.S. Treasury securities 3 2,185 — — 3 2,185 Private label residential MBS — — 201 939 201 939 Tax-exempt 1 32 75 813 76 845 Corporate debt securities (1) — — 21 362 21 362 Commercial MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA 10 220 1 16 11 236 Other 2 32 5 25 7 57 Total AFS securities $ 34 $ 4,262 $ 695 $ 3,637 $ 729 $ 7,899 (1) Includes securities with an ACL that have a fair value of $8 million and unrealized losses of $1 million. December 31, 2023 Less Than Twelve Months More Than Twelve Months Total Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value (in millions) Available-for-sale debt securities U.S. Treasury securities $ 1 $ 2,208 $ — $ — $ 1 $ 2,208 Residential MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA 3 174 356 1,551 359 1,725 Private label residential MBS — — 204 1,020 204 1,020 CLO — — 9 845 9 845 Tax-exempt 3 67 64 773 67 840 Corporate debt securities (1) — — 44 359 44 359 Commercial MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA — — 9 53 9 53 Other — — 9 54 9 54 Total AFS securities $ 7 $ 2,449 $ 695 $ 4,655 $ 702 $ 7,104 (1) Includes securities with an ACL that have a fair value of $54 million and unrealized losses of $8 million.
Rollforward by Major Security Type of the ACL	The following tables present a rollforward by major security type of the ACL on the Company's AFS debt securities: Year Ended December 31, 2024 Balance, Recovery of Credit Losses Charge-offs Recoveries Balance, (in millions) Available-for-sale securities Corporate debt securities $ 1.4 $ (1.0) $ — $ — $ 0.4 Year Ended December 31, 2023 Balance, Provision for Credit Losses Charge-offs Recoveries Balance (in millions) Available-for-sale securities Corporate debt securities $ — $ 18.5 $ (17.1) $ — $ 1.4 The credit loss model under ASC 326-20, applicable to HTM debt securities, requires recognition of lifetime expected credit losses through an allowance account at the time the security is purchased. The following tables present a rollforward by major security type of the ACL on the Company's HTM debt securities: Year Ended December 31, 2024 Balance, Provision for Credit Losses Charge-offs Recoveries Balance, (in millions) Held-to-maturity debt securities Tax-exempt $ 7.8 $ 8.6 $ — $ — $ 16.4 Year Ended December 31, 2023 Balance, Provision for Credit Losses Charge-offs Recoveries Balance (in millions) Held-to-maturity debt securities Tax-exempt $ 5.2 $ 2.6 $ — $ — $ 7.8
Investment Securities by Credit Rating Type	The following tables summarize the carrying amount of the Company’s investment ratings position as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, which are updated quarterly and used to monitor the credit quality of the Company's securities: December 31, 2024 AAA Split-rated AAA/AA+ AA+ to AA- A+ to A- BBB+ to BBB- BB+ and below Unrated Totals (in millions) Held-to-maturity Tax-exempt $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,350 $ 1,350 Private label residential MBS — — — — — — 176 176 Total HTM securities (1) $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,526 $ 1,526 Available-for-sale debt securities Residential MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA $ — $ 5,831 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 5,831 U.S. Treasury securities — 4,383 — — — — — 4,383 Private label residential MBS 921 — 26 — — — — 947 Tax-exempt 9 19 348 375 — — 94 845 CLO 50 — 465 55 — — — 570 Commercial MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA — 437 — — — — — 437 Corporate debt securities — — — 78 226 82 — 386 Other — 1 8 2 40 1 17 69 Total AFS securities (1) $ 980 $ 10,671 $ 847 $ 510 $ 266 $ 83 $ 111 $ 13,468 Equity securities Preferred stock $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 50 $ 29 $ 12 $ 91 CRA investments — 26 — — — — — 26 Total equity securities (1) $ — $ 26 $ — $ — $ 50 $ 29 $ 12 $ 117 (1) For rated securities, if ratings differ, the Company uses an average of the available ratings by major credit agencies. December 31, 2023 AAA Split-rated AAA/AA+ AA+ to AA- A+ to A- BBB+ to BBB- BB+ and below Unrated Totals (in millions) Held-to-maturity Tax-exempt $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,243 $ 1,243 Private label residential MBS — — — — — — 186 186 Total HTM securities (1) $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,429 $ 1,429 Available-for-sale debt securities U.S. Treasury securities $ — $ 4,853 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 4,853 Residential MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA — 1,972 — — — — — 1,972 CLO 79 — 1,265 55 — — — 1,399 Private label residential MBS 1,090 — 26 — — 1 — 1,117 Tax-exempt 9 16 361 386 — — 86 858 Commercial MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA — 530 — — — — — 530 Corporate debt securities — — — 76 211 80 — 367 Other — — 9 11 28 4 17 69 Total AFS securities (1) $ 1,178 $ 7,371 $ 1,661 $ 528 $ 239 $ 85 $ 103 $ 11,165 Equity securities Preferred stock $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 54 $ 35 $ 11 $ 100 CRA investments — 26 — — — — — 26 Total equity securities (1) $ — $ 26 $ — $ — $ 54 $ 35 $ 11 $ 126 (1) For rated securities, if ratings differ, the Company uses an average of the available ratings by major credit agencies.
Amortized Cost and Fair Value of the Company's Debt Securities	The amortized cost and fair value of the Company's debt securities as of December 31, 2024, by contractual maturities, are shown below. MBS are shown separately as individual MBS are comprised of pools of loans with varying maturities. Therefore, these securities are listed separately in the maturity summary. December 31, 2024 Amortized Cost Estimated Fair Value (in millions) Held-to-maturity Due in one year or less $ 35 $ 35 After one year through five years 9 9 After five years through ten years 117 105 After ten years 1,189 1,022 Mortgage-backed securities 176 138 Total HTM securities $ 1,526 $ 1,309 Available-for-sale Due in one year or less $ 4,404 $ 4,402 After one year through five years 172 167 After five years through ten years 548 531 After ten years 1,234 1,153 Mortgage-backed securities 7,820 7,215 Total AFS securities $ 14,178 $ 13,468
Gross Gains and (Losses) on Sales of Investment Securities	The following table presents gross gains and losses on sales of investment securities: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 (in millions) Available-for-sale securities Gross gains $ 19.6 $ 4.0 $ 7.5 Gross losses (2.2) (44.4) (0.2) Net gain (loss) on AFS securities $ 17.4 $ (40.4) $ 7.3 Equity securities Gross gains $ — $ — $ — Gross losses — (0.4) (0.5) Net loss on equity securities $ — $ (0.4) $ (0.5)

Loans Held For Sale (Tables)

Loans Held For Sale (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Loans Held For Sale (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2024
Receivables [Abstract]
Summary of Loans	The following is a summary of loans HFS by type: December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Government-insured or guaranteed: EBO (1) $ — $ 2 Non-EBO 764 498 Total government-insured or guaranteed 764 500 Agency-conforming 1,502 899 Non-agency 20 3 Total loans HFS $ 2,286 $ 1,402 (1) EBO loans are delinquent FHA, VA, or USDA loans purchased from GNMA pools under the terms of the GNMA MBS program that can be repooled when loans are brought current either through the borrower's reperformance or through completion of a loan modification. The following is a summary of the net gain on loan purchase, origination, and sale activities on residential mortgage loans to be sold or securitized: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Mortgage servicing rights capitalized upon sale of loans $ 922.8 $ 864.5 Net proceeds from sale of loans (1) (820.0) (785.6) Provision for and change in estimate of liability for losses under representations and warranties, net 5.0 5.2 Change in fair value (17.0) 15.0 Change in fair value of derivatives: Unrealized gain (loss) on derivatives 61.4 (18.4) Realized (loss) gain on derivatives (3.3) 55.4 Total change in fair value of derivatives 58.1 37.0 Net gain on residential mortgage loans HFS $ 148.9 $ 136.1 Loan acquisition and origination fees 57.4 57.4 Net gain on loan origination and sale activities $ 206.3 $ 193.5

Loans, Leases and Allowance f_2

Loans, Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Loans, Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2024
Receivables [Abstract]
Schedule of Held for Investment Loan Portfolio Composition of Loans, Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses	The composition of the Company's HFI loan portfolio is as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Warehouse lending $ 8,207 $ 6,618 Municipal & nonprofit 1,620 1,554 Tech & innovation 3,383 2,808 Equity fund resources 884 845 Other commercial and industrial 9,175 7,452 CRE - owner occupied 1,675 1,658 Hotel franchise finance 3,815 3,855 Other CRE - non-owner occupied 6,342 5,974 Residential 12,961 13,287 Residential - EBO 972 1,223 Construction and land development 4,468 4,862 Other 174 161 Total loans HFI 53,676 50,297 Allowance for credit losses (374) (337) Total loans HFI, net of allowance $ 53,302 $ 49,960
Summary of Recorded Investment in Nonaccrual Loans and Loans Past Due 90 Days Still Accruing Interest by Loan Class	The following tables present nonperforming loan balances by loan portfolio segment: December 31, 2024 Nonaccrual with No Allowance for Credit Loss Nonaccrual with an Allowance for Credit Loss Total Nonaccrual Loans Past Due 90 Days or More and Still Accruing (in millions) Municipal & nonprofit $ — $ 5 $ 5 $ — Tech & innovation 3 57 60 — Equity fund resources — 1 1 — Other commercial and industrial 11 6 17 — CRE - owner occupied 5 — 5 — Other CRE - non-owner occupied 172 71 243 — Residential — 88 88 — Residential - EBO — — — 326 Construction and land development 55 1 56 — Other 1 — 1 — Total $ 247 $ 229 $ 476 $ 326 December 31, 2023 Nonaccrual with No Allowance for Credit Loss Nonaccrual with an Allowance for Credit Loss Total Nonaccrual Loans Past Due 90 Days or More and Still Accruing (in millions) Municipal & nonprofit $ — $ 6 $ 6 $ — Tech & innovation 23 10 33 — Other commercial and industrial 19 34 53 — CRE - owner occupied 8 1 9 — Other CRE - non-owner occupied 82 1 83 — Residential — 70 70 — Residential - EBO — — — 399 Construction and land development 19 — 19 42 Total $ 151 $ 122 $ 273 $ 441
Contractual Aging of Loan Portfolio by Class of Loans Including Loans Held for Sale and Excluding Deferred Fees/Costs	The following tables present an aging analysis of past due loans by loan portfolio segment: December 31, 2024 Current 30-59 Days 60-89 Days Over 90 days Total Total Nonaccrual Total (in millions) Warehouse lending $ 8,207 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 8,207 Municipal & nonprofit 1,615 — — — — 5 1,620 Tech & innovation 3,320 3 — — 3 60 3,383 Equity fund resources 883 — — — — 1 884 Other commercial and industrial 9,157 1 — — 1 17 9,175 CRE - owner occupied 1,670 — — — — 5 1,675 Hotel franchise finance 3,785 — 30 — 30 — 3,815 Other CRE - non-owner occupied 6,097 — 2 — 2 243 6,342 Residential 12,818 45 10 — 55 88 12,961 Residential - EBO 463 107 76 326 509 — 972 Construction and land development 4,412 — — — — 56 4,468 Other 172 1 — — 1 1 174 Total loans $ 52,599 $ 157 $ 118 $ 326 $ 601 $ 476 $ 53,676 December 31, 2023 Current 30-59 Days 60-89 Days Over 90 days Total Total Nonaccrual Total (in millions) Warehouse lending $ 6,618 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 6,618 Municipal & nonprofit 1,548 — — — — 6 1,554 Tech & innovation 2,775 — — — — 33 2,808 Equity fund resources 845 — — — — — 845 Other commercial and industrial 7,386 13 — — 13 53 7,452 CRE - owner occupied 1,618 — 31 — 31 9 1,658 Hotel franchise finance 3,824 15 16 — 31 — 3,855 Other CRE - non-owner occupied 5,891 — — — — 83 5,974 Residential 13,129 68 20 — 88 70 13,287 Residential - EBO 545 173 106 399 678 — 1,223 Construction and land development 4,801 — — 42 42 19 4,862 Other 160 1 — — 1 — 161 Total loans $ 49,140 $ 270 $ 173 $ 441 $ 884 $ 273 $ 50,297
Loans by Risk Rating	The following tables present risk ratings by loan portfolio segment and origination year. The origination year is the year of origination or renewal. Term Loan Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Total As of and for the year ended December 31, 2024 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior (in millions) Warehouse lending Pass $ 205 $ 545 $ 264 $ — $ 278 $ — $ 6,915 $ 8,207 Special mention — — — — — — — — Classified — — — — — — — — Total $ 205 $ 545 $ 264 $ — $ 278 $ — $ 6,915 $ 8,207 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Municipal & nonprofit Pass $ 175 $ 89 $ 195 $ 144 $ 160 $ 833 $ 1 $ 1,597 Special mention — — 7 — 11 — — 18 Classified — — — — — 5 — 5 Total $ 175 $ 89 $ 202 $ 144 $ 171 $ 838 $ 1 $ 1,620 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Tech & innovation Pass $ 1,378 $ 475 $ 301 $ 89 $ — $ 61 $ 903 $ 3,207 Special mention 26 15 16 11 — — 7 75 Classified 30 7 45 3 — — 16 101 Total $ 1,434 $ 497 $ 362 $ 103 $ — $ 61 $ 926 $ 3,383 Current period gross charge-offs $ 1.2 $ 1.5 $ 19.1 $ — $ 3.6 $ — $ 3.2 $ 28.6 Equity fund resources Pass $ 6 $ 78 $ 24 $ 32 $ 2 $ — $ 741 $ 883 Special mention — — — — — — — — Classified 1 — — — — — — 1 Total $ 7 $ 78 $ 24 $ 32 $ 2 $ — $ 741 $ 884 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Other commercial and industrial Pass $ 2,217 $ 973 $ 801 $ 324 $ 75 $ 155 $ 4,456 $ 9,001 Special mention 1 — 38 1 — — 3 43 Classified 11 86 10 18 2 4 — 131 Total $ 2,229 $ 1,059 $ 849 $ 343 $ 77 $ 159 $ 4,459 $ 9,175 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ 0.2 $ 1.0 $ 4.7 $ — $ 0.3 $ 1.1 $ 7.3 CRE - owner occupied Pass $ 231 $ 159 $ 323 $ 298 $ 146 $ 465 $ 29 $ 1,651 Special mention 2 — 1 1 — 1 — 5 Classified — — 12 3 — 4 — 19 Total $ 233 $ 159 $ 336 $ 302 $ 146 $ 470 $ 29 $ 1,675 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 0.3 $ — $ 0.3 Hotel franchise finance Pass $ 1,036 $ 522 $ 1,204 $ 405 $ 33 $ 342 $ 132 $ 3,674 Special mention 98 — 14 — — — — 112 Classified — — 29 — — — — 29 Total $ 1,134 $ 522 $ 1,247 $ 405 $ 33 $ 342 $ 132 $ 3,815 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ 1.4 $ — $ 1.5 $ — $ 2.9 Term Loan Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Total As of and for the year ended December 31, 2024 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior (in millions) Other CRE - non-owner occupied Pass $ 1,056 $ 1,388 $ 1,589 $ 557 $ 250 $ 264 $ 588 $ 5,692 Special mention 75 — 59 — 2 2 — 138 Classified 34 244 173 48 12 1 — 512 Total $ 1,165 $ 1,632 $ 1,821 $ 605 $ 264 $ 267 $ 588 $ 6,342 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ 21.8 $ 9.5 $ 22.7 $ — $ — $ — $ 54.0 Residential Pass $ 659 $ 231 $ 3,331 $ 7,519 $ 762 $ 421 $ 28 $ 12,951 Special mention — — — — — — — — Classified — 2 41 33 4 8 — 88 Cumulative fair value hedging adjustment — — — — — — — (78) Total $ 659 $ 233 $ 3,372 $ 7,552 $ 766 $ 429 $ 28 $ 12,961 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Residential - EBO Pass $ 1 $ 15 $ 12 $ 200 $ 447 $ 297 $ — $ 972 Special mention — — — — — — — — Classified — — — — — — — — Total $ 1 $ 15 $ 12 $ 200 $ 447 $ 297 $ — $ 972 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Construction and land development Pass $ 798 $ 525 $ 1,526 $ 62 $ 2 $ — $ 1,487 $ 4,400 Special mention — — — — — — — — Classified — 38 30 — — — — 68 Total $ 798 $ 563 $ 1,556 $ 62 $ 2 $ — $ 1,487 $ 4,468 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ 1.5 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1.5 Other Pass $ 24 $ — $ 8 $ 2 $ 13 $ 72 $ 52 $ 171 Special mention — — — — — 1 — 1 Classified 1 — — — — 1 — 2 Total $ 25 $ — $ 8 $ 2 $ 13 $ 74 $ 52 $ 174 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 0.6 $ 0.1 $ 0.7 Total by Risk Category Pass $ 7,786 $ 5,000 $ 9,578 $ 9,632 $ 2,168 $ 2,910 $ 15,332 $ 52,406 Special mention 202 15 135 13 13 4 10 392 Classified 77 377 340 105 18 23 16 956 Cumulative fair value hedging adjustment — — — — — — — (78) Total $ 8,065 $ 5,392 $ 10,053 $ 9,750 $ 2,199 $ 2,937 $ 15,358 $ 53,676 Current period gross charge-offs $ 1.2 $ 23.5 $ 31.1 $ 28.8 $ 3.6 $ 2.7 $ 4.4 $ 95.3 Term Loan Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Total As of and for the year ended December 31, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior (in millions) Warehouse lending Pass $ 582 $ 323 $ 7 $ 289 $ — $ — $ 5,391 $ 6,592 Special mention — — — — — — 26 26 Classified — — — — — — — — Total $ 582 $ 323 $ 7 $ 289 $ — $ — $ 5,417 $ 6,618 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Municipal & nonprofit Pass $ 102 $ 167 $ 176 $ 169 $ 68 $ 848 $ — $ 1,530 Special mention — 7 — 11 — — — 18 Classified — — — — 6 — — 6 Total $ 102 $ 174 $ 176 $ 180 $ 74 $ 848 $ — $ 1,554 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Tech & innovation Pass $ 758 $ 774 $ 206 $ 22 $ 66 $ 38 $ 816 $ 2,680 Special mention 5 30 12 — — — 1 48 Classified 15 52 1 5 — — 7 80 Total $ 778 $ 856 $ 219 $ 27 $ 66 $ 38 $ 824 $ 2,808 Current period gross charge-offs $ 1.7 $ 1.1 $ 0.6 $ 3.5 $ — $ — $ — $ 6.9 Equity fund resources Pass $ 154 $ 62 $ 21 $ 3 $ 1 $ — $ 604 $ 845 Special mention — — — — — — — — Classified — — — — — — — — Total $ 154 $ 62 $ 21 $ 3 $ 1 $ — $ 604 $ 845 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Other commercial and industrial Pass $ 1,610 $ 1,454 $ 559 $ 185 $ 77 $ 196 $ 3,186 $ 7,267 Special mention 90 1 1 — — — 1 93 Classified 1 25 59 2 4 — 1 92 Total $ 1,701 $ 1,480 $ 619 $ 187 $ 81 $ 196 $ 3,188 $ 7,452 Current period gross charge-offs $ 0.8 $ 3.4 $ 13.2 $ 3.9 $ 0.3 $ 0.2 $ 0.9 $ 22.7 CRE - owner occupied Pass $ 165 $ 344 $ 322 $ 163 $ 132 $ 444 $ 40 $ 1,610 Special mention — — — — — 1 — 1 Classified 2 1 4 1 1 38 — 47 Total $ 167 $ 345 $ 326 $ 164 $ 133 $ 483 $ 40 $ 1,658 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Hotel franchise finance Pass $ 593 $ 1,535 $ 566 $ 95 $ 419 $ 165 $ 132 $ 3,505 Special mention 34 — 66 — 35 68 — 203 Classified 24 8 48 — 43 24 — 147 Total $ 651 $ 1,543 $ 680 $ 95 $ 497 $ 257 $ 132 $ 3,855 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Other CRE - non-owner occupied Pass $ 1,832 $ 1,784 $ 754 $ 457 $ 166 $ 206 $ 387 $ 5,586 Special mention 164 — 16 43 28 — — 251 Classified 28 — 93 1 14 1 — 137 Total $ 2,024 $ 1,784 $ 863 $ 501 $ 208 $ 207 $ 387 $ 5,974 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ 5.1 $ — $ — $ 0.1 $ — $ 5.2 Term Loan Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Total As of and for the year ended December 31, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior (in millions) Residential Pass $ 324 $ 3,573 $ 7,985 $ 819 $ 270 $ 207 $ 20 $ 13,198 Special mention — — — — — — — — Classified 1 26 33 4 4 2 — 70 Cumulative fair value hedging adjustment — — — — — — — 19 Total $ 325 $ 3,599 $ 8,018 $ 823 $ 274 $ 209 $ 20 $ 13,287 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Residential - EBO Pass $ 2 $ 8 $ 227 $ 534 $ 231 $ 221 $ — $ 1,223 Special mention — — — — — — — — Classified — — — — — — — — Total $ 2 $ 8 $ 227 $ 534 $ 231 $ 221 $ — $ 1,223 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Construction and land development Pass $ 1,013 $ 2,231 $ 385 $ 10 $ — $ — $ 1,151 $ 4,790 Special mention — — — — — — — — Classified 1 19 — 52 — — — 72 Total $ 1,014 $ 2,250 $ 385 $ 62 $ — $ — $ 1,151 $ 4,862 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Other Pass $ 4 $ 10 $ 3 $ 11 $ 3 $ 62 $ 66 $ 159 Special mention — — — — — 1 — 1 Classified — — — — — 1 — 1 Total $ 4 $ 10 $ 3 $ 11 $ 3 $ 64 $ 66 $ 161 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ 0.2 $ — $ — $ — $ 0.2 $ — $ 0.4 Total by Risk Category Pass $ 7,139 $ 12,265 $ 11,211 $ 2,757 $ 1,433 $ 2,387 $ 11,793 $ 48,985 Special mention 293 38 95 54 63 70 28 641 Classified 72 131 238 65 72 66 8 652 Cumulative fair value hedging adjustment — — — — — — — 19 Total $ 7,504 $ 12,434 $ 11,544 $ 2,876 $ 1,568 $ 2,523 $ 11,829 $ 50,297 Current period gross charge-offs $ 2.5 $ 4.7 $ 18.9 $ 7.4 $ 0.3 $ 0.5 $ 0.9 $ 35.2
Loans Modified During Period	The following tables present the amortized cost basis of loans HFI that were modified during the period by loan portfolio segment: Amortized Cost Basis at December 31, 2024 Payment Delay and Term Extension Term Extension Interest Rate Reduction Payment Delay Total % of Total Class of Financing Receivable Year Ended (dollars in millions) Tech & innovation $ — $ 5 $ 1 $ 41 $ 47 1.4 % Other commercial and industrial — 7 — 86 93 1.0 Other CRE - non-owner occupied — 46 — 111 157 2.5 Total $ — $ 58 $ 1 $ 238 $ 297 0.6 % Amortized Cost Basis at December 31, 2023 Payment Delay and Term Extension Term Extension Interest Rate Reduction Payment Delay Total % of Total Class of Financing Receivable Year Ended (dollars in millions) Tech & innovation $ 1 $ 6 $ — $ 8 $ 15 0.5 % Other commercial and industrial — 23 — 8 31 0.4 CRE - owner occupied — 3 — — 3 0.2 Hotel franchise finance — 37 — — 37 1.0 Other CRE - non-owner occupied — 119 — — 119 2.0 Residential — — — 1 1 0.0 Total $ 1 $ 188 $ — $ 17 $ 206 0.4 %
Average Investment in Impaired Loans by Loan Class	The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral-dependent loans by loan portfolio segment: December 31, 2024 2023 Real Estate Collateral Other Collateral Total Real Estate Collateral Other Collateral Total (in millions) Municipal & nonprofit $ — $ 5 $ 5 $ — $ 6 $ 6 Tech & innovation — 5 5 — — — Other commercial and industrial — 11 11 — 29 29 CRE - owner occupied 16 — 16 43 — 43 Hotel franchise finance 29 — 29 104 — 104 Other CRE - non-owner occupied 474 — 474 136 — 136 Construction and land development 67 — 67 71 — 71 Total $ 586 $ 21 $ 607 $ 354 $ 35 $ 389
Allowances for Credit Losses	The below tables reflect the activity in the ACL on loans HFI by loan portfolio segment, which includes an estimate of future recoveries: Year Ended December 31, 2024 Balance, Provision for (Recovery of) Credit Losses Charge-offs Recoveries Balance, (in millions) Warehouse lending $ 5.8 $ 0.6 $ — $ — $ 6.4 Municipal & nonprofit 14.7 — — — 14.7 Tech & innovation 42.1 42.3 28.6 (0.1) 55.9 Equity fund resources 1.3 0.3 — — 1.6 Other commercial and industrial 81.4 2.7 7.3 (1.0) 77.8 CRE - owner occupied 6.0 (2.4) 0.3 (0.1) 3.4 Hotel franchise finance 33.4 4.1 2.9 (0.7) 35.3 Other CRE - non-owner occupied 96.0 92.4 54.0 — 134.4 Residential 23.1 (3.4) — — 19.7 Residential - EBO — — — — — Construction and land development 30.4 (7.6) 1.5 — 21.3 Other 2.5 1.4 0.7 (0.1) 3.3 Total $ 336.7 $ 130.4 $ 95.3 $ (2.0) $ 373.8 Year Ended December 31, 2023 Balance, Provision for (Recovery of) Credit Losses Charge-offs Recoveries Balance, (in millions) Warehouse lending $ 8.4 $ (2.6) $ — $ — $ 5.8 Municipal & nonprofit 15.9 (1.2) — — 14.7 Tech & innovation 30.8 18.2 6.9 — 42.1 Equity fund resources 6.4 (5.1) — — 1.3 Other commercial and industrial 85.9 13.2 22.7 (5.0) 81.4 CRE - owner occupied 7.1 (1.1) — — 6.0 Hotel franchise finance 46.9 (13.5) — — 33.4 Other CRE - non-owner occupied 47.4 53.8 5.2 — 96.0 Residential 30.4 (7.4) — (0.1) 23.1 Residential - EBO — — — — — Construction and land development 27.4 3.0 — — 30.4 Other 3.1 (0.4) 0.4 (0.2) 2.5 Total $ 309.7 $ 56.9 $ 35.2 $ (5.3) $ 336.7 The below table reflects the activity in the ACL on unfunded loan commitments: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Balance, beginning of period $ 31.6 $ 47.0 Provision for (recovery of) credit losses 7.9 (15.4) Balance, end of period $ 39.5 $ 31.6 The following tables disaggregate the Company's ACL on funded loans HFI and loan balances by measurement methodology: December 31, 2024 Loans Allowance Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss Total Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss Total (in millions) Warehouse lending $ 8,207 $ — $ 8,207 $ 6.4 $ — $ 6.4 Municipal & nonprofit 1,615 5 1,620 14.1 0.6 14.7 Tech & innovation 3,283 100 3,383 33.6 22.3 55.9 Equity fund resources 884 — 884 1.6 — 1.6 Other commercial and industrial 9,047 128 9,175 75.5 2.3 77.8 CRE - owner occupied 1,658 17 1,675 3.4 — 3.4 Hotel franchise finance 3,786 29 3,815 35.3 — 35.3 Other CRE - non-owner occupied 5,830 512 6,342 90.3 44.1 134.4 Residential 12,961 — 12,961 19.7 — 19.7 Residential EBO 972 — 972 — — — Construction and land development 4,401 67 4,468 21.3 — 21.3 Other 173 1 174 3.3 — 3.3 Total $ 52,817 $ 859 $ 53,676 $ 304.5 $ 69.3 $ 373.8 December 31, 2023 Loans Allowance Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss Total Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss Total (in millions) Warehouse lending $ 6,618 $ — $ 6,618 $ 5.8 $ — $ 5.8 Municipal & nonprofit 1,548 6 1,554 13.7 1.0 14.7 Tech & innovation 2,729 79 2,808 38.3 3.8 42.1 Equity fund resources 845 — 845 1.3 — 1.3 Other commercial and industrial 7,362 90 7,452 64.6 16.8 81.4 CRE - owner occupied 1,613 45 1,658 6.0 — 6.0 Hotel franchise finance 3,708 147 3,855 33.4 — 33.4 Other CRE - non-owner occupied 5,838 136 5,974 96.0 — 96.0 Residential 13,287 — 13,287 23.1 — 23.1 Residential EBO 1,223 — 1,223 — — — Construction and land development 4,791 71 4,862 30.4 — 30.4 Other 161 — 161 2.5 — 2.5 Total $ 49,723 $ 574 $ 50,297 $ 315.1 $ 21.6 $ 336.7

Mortgage Servicing Rights (Tabl

Mortgage Servicing Rights (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Mortgage Servicing Rights (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2024
Transfers and Servicing [Abstract]
Schedule of Servicing Assets at Fair Value	The following table presents the changes in fair value of the Company's MSR portfolio related to its mortgage banking business and other information related to its servicing portfolio: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Balance, beginning of period $ 1,124 $ 1,148 Additions from loans sold with servicing rights retained 923 865 Carrying value of MSRs sold (905) (800) Change in fair value 144 11 Mark to market adjustments — 4 Realization of cash flows (159) (104) Balance, end of period $ 1,127 $ 1,124 Unpaid principal balance of mortgage loans serviced for others $ 61,089 $ 68,647
Schedule of Sensitivity Analysis of Fair Value, Transferor's Interests in Transferred Financial Assets	The following table presents the effect of hypothetical changes in the fair value of MSRs caused by assumed immediate changes in the below inputs that are used to determine fair value: December 31, 2024 (in millions) Fair value of mortgage servicing rights $ 1,127 Increase (decrease) in fair value resulting from: Interest rate change of 50 basis points Adverse change (64) Favorable change 49 Option adjusted spread change of 50 basis points Increase (25) Decrease 26 Conditional prepayment rate change of 1% Increase (30) Decrease 33 Cost to service change of 10% Increase (13) Decrease 13

Premises and Equipment (Tables)

Premises and Equipment (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Premises and Equipment (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2024
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Schedule of Estimated Lives	Depreciation and amortization are computed using the following estimated lives: Years Bank premises 31 Furniture, fixtures, and equipment 3 - 15 Leasehold improvements 3 - 10 Software 1 - 10 December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Bank premises $ 96 $ 96 Construction in progress 62 82 Furniture, fixtures, and equipment 125 108 Land and improvements 32 32 Leasehold improvements 98 85 Software 225 142 Total 638 545 Accumulated depreciation and amortization (277) (206) Premises and equipment, net $ 361 $ 339

Leases (Tables)

Leases (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Leases (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2024
Leases [Abstract]
Schedule of Operating Lease Liabilities by Contractual Maturity	The following is a schedule of the Company's operating lease liabilities by contractual maturity as of December 31, 2024: (in millions) 2025 $ 32 2026 30 2027 28 2028 27 2029 25 Thereafter 33 Total lease payments $ 175 Less: imputed interest 16 Total present value of lease liabilities $ 159
Supplemental Cash Flow Information	The below table shows the supplemental cash flow information related to the Company's operating leases: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 (in millions) Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities $ 31.6 $ 19.3 $ 15.1 Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities 6.4 6.3 51.6

Goodwill and Other Intangible_2

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Summary of Goodwill by Reporting Unit	Below is a summary of the Company's goodwill by reporting unit: December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Commercial banking (1) $ 290 $ 290 Mortgage banking (2) 200 200 Legal banking (3) 37 37 Total $ 527 $ 527 (1) This reporting unit offers a standard suite of commercial banking products and services through its traditional branch network, working together with the Company's national platform to provide specialized financial services, and is included within the Company's Commercial reportable segment. (2) This reporting unit offers mortgage lending products and services and is included within the Company's Consumer Related reportable segment. (3) This reporting unit provides specialized banking services to law firms and claims administrators, including settlement payment solutions, and is included within the Company's Consumer Related reportable segment.
Summary of Acquired Intangible Assets	The following is a summary of the Company's acquired intangible assets: December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount (in millions) Subject to amortization Core deposits $ 14 $ 13 $ 1 $ 14 $ 12 $ 2 Correspondent customer relationships 76 14 62 76 10 66 Customer relationships 18 9 9 18 6 12 Developed technology 4 2 2 4 2 2 Operating licenses 56 6 50 56 4 52 Trade names 10 2 8 10 2 8 Total intangible assets subject to amortization $ 178 $ 46 $ 132 $ 178 $ 36 $ 142
Summary of Future Estimated Amortization Expenses	Below is a summary of future estimated aggregate amortization expense as of December 31, 2024: (in millions) 2025 $ 10 2026 9 2027 8 2028 8 2029 6 Thereafter 91 Total $ 132

Deposits (Tables)

Deposits (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Deposits (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2024
Other Liabilities Disclosure [Abstract]
Deposits by Type	The table below summarizes deposits by type: December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Non-interest bearing deposits $ 18,846 $ 14,520 Interest Bearing: Demand accounts 15,878 15,916 Savings and money market accounts 21,208 14,791 Time certificates of deposit ($250,000 or more) 1,640 1,478 Other time deposits (1) 8,769 8,628 Total deposits $ 66,341 $ 55,333 (1) Retail brokered time deposits over $250,000 of $5.6 billion and $5.8 billion as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, are included within Other time deposits as these deposits are generally participated out by brokers in shares below the FDIC insurance limit.
Summary of Contractual Maturities for all Time Deposits	The summary of the contractual maturities for all time deposits as of December 31, 2024 is as follows: (in millions) 2025 $ 9,861 2026 535 2027 10 2028 1 Thereafter 2 Total $ 10,409

Other Borrowings (Tables)

Other Borrowings (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Other Borrowings (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2024
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Company's Borrowings	The following table summarizes the Company’s borrowings by type: December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Short-Term: Federal funds purchased $ — $ 175 FHLB advances 3,100 6,200 Repurchase agreements 14 382 Secured borrowings 37 27 Total short-term borrowings $ 3,151 $ 6,784 Long-Term: FHLB advances 2,000 — Credit linked notes, net 422 446 Total long-term borrowings $ 2,422 $ 446 Total other borrowings $ 5,573 $ 7,230 The Company's outstanding credit linked note issuances are detailed in the tables below: December 31, 2024 Description Issuance Date Maturity Date Interest Rate Principal Debt Issuance Costs (in millions) Residential mortgage loans (1) December 12, 2022 October 25, 2052 SOFR + 7.80% $ 84 $ 2 Residential mortgage loans (2) June 30, 2022 April 25, 2052 SOFR + 6.00% 170 3 Residential mortgage loans (3) December 29, 2021 July 25, 2059 SOFR + 4.67% 180 2 Total $ 434 $ 7 December 31, 2023 Description Issuance Date Maturity Date Interest Rate Principal Debt Issuance Costs (in millions) Residential mortgage loans (1) December 12, 2022 October 25, 2052 SOFR + 7.80% $ 90 $ 2 Residential mortgage loans (2) June 30, 2022 April 25, 2052 SOFR + 6.00% 179 3 Residential mortgage loans (3) December 29, 2021 July 25, 2059 SOFR + 4.67% 191 3 Total $ 460 $ 8 (1) There are multiple classes of these notes, each with an interest rate of SOFR plus a spread that ranges from 2.25% to 11.00% (or, a weighted average spread of 7.80%) on a reference pool balance of $1.7 billion and $1.8 billion as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. (2) There are multiple classes of these notes, each with an interest rate of SOFR plus a spread that ranges from 2.25% to 15.00% (or, a weighted average spread of 6.00%) on a reference pool balance of $3.4 billion and $3.6 billion as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. (3) There are six classes of these notes, each with an interest rate of SOFR plus a spread that ranges from 3.15% to 8.50% (or, a weighted average spread of 4.67%) on a reference pool balance of $3.5 billion and $3.8 billion as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The Company also had credit linked notes that effectively transferred the risk of first losses on certain pools of the Company’s warehouse and equity fund resource loans to the purchasers of these notes. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company recognized a gain on extinguishment of debt of $13.4 million related to the payoff of these credit linked notes. Subordinated Debt The Company's subordinated debt issuances are detailed in the tables below: December 31, 2024 Description Issuance Date Maturity Date Interest Rate Principal Debt Issuance Costs (in millions) WAL fixed-to-variable-rate (1) June 2021 June 15, 2031 3.00 % $ 600 $ 5 WAB fixed-to-variable-rate (2) May 2020 June 1, 2030 5.25 % 225 — Total $ 825 $ 5 December 31, 2023 Description Issuance Date Maturity Date Interest Rate Principal Debt Issuance Costs (in millions) WAL fixed-to-variable-rate (1) June 2021 June 15, 2031 3.00 % $ 600 $ 6 WAB fixed-to-variable-rate (2) May 2020 June 1, 2030 5.25 % 225 1 Total $ 825 $ 7 (1) Notes are redeemable, in whole or in part, beginning on June 15, 2026 at their principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest and has a fixed interest rate of 3.00%. The notes also convert to a variable rate of three-month SOFR plus 225 basis points on this date. (2) Debt is redeemable, in whole or in part, on or after June 1, 2025 at its principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest and has a fixed interest rate of 5.25% through June 1, 2025 and then converts to a variable rate per annum equal to three-month SOFR plus 512 basis points.

Qualifying Debt (Tables)

Qualifying Debt (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Qualifying Debt (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2024
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Company's Borrowings	The following table summarizes the Company’s borrowings by type: December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Short-Term: Federal funds purchased $ — $ 175 FHLB advances 3,100 6,200 Repurchase agreements 14 382 Secured borrowings 37 27 Total short-term borrowings $ 3,151 $ 6,784 Long-Term: FHLB advances 2,000 — Credit linked notes, net 422 446 Total long-term borrowings $ 2,422 $ 446 Total other borrowings $ 5,573 $ 7,230 The Company's outstanding credit linked note issuances are detailed in the tables below: December 31, 2024 Description Issuance Date Maturity Date Interest Rate Principal Debt Issuance Costs (in millions) Residential mortgage loans (1) December 12, 2022 October 25, 2052 SOFR + 7.80% $ 84 $ 2 Residential mortgage loans (2) June 30, 2022 April 25, 2052 SOFR + 6.00% 170 3 Residential mortgage loans (3) December 29, 2021 July 25, 2059 SOFR + 4.67% 180 2 Total $ 434 $ 7 December 31, 2023 Description Issuance Date Maturity Date Interest Rate Principal Debt Issuance Costs (in millions) Residential mortgage loans (1) December 12, 2022 October 25, 2052 SOFR + 7.80% $ 90 $ 2 Residential mortgage loans (2) June 30, 2022 April 25, 2052 SOFR + 6.00% 179 3 Residential mortgage loans (3) December 29, 2021 July 25, 2059 SOFR + 4.67% 191 3 Total $ 460 $ 8 (1) There are multiple classes of these notes, each with an interest rate of SOFR plus a spread that ranges from 2.25% to 11.00% (or, a weighted average spread of 7.80%) on a reference pool balance of $1.7 billion and $1.8 billion as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. (2) There are multiple classes of these notes, each with an interest rate of SOFR plus a spread that ranges from 2.25% to 15.00% (or, a weighted average spread of 6.00%) on a reference pool balance of $3.4 billion and $3.6 billion as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. (3) There are six classes of these notes, each with an interest rate of SOFR plus a spread that ranges from 3.15% to 8.50% (or, a weighted average spread of 4.67%) on a reference pool balance of $3.5 billion and $3.8 billion as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The Company also had credit linked notes that effectively transferred the risk of first losses on certain pools of the Company’s warehouse and equity fund resource loans to the purchasers of these notes. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company recognized a gain on extinguishment of debt of $13.4 million related to the payoff of these credit linked notes. Subordinated Debt The Company's subordinated debt issuances are detailed in the tables below: December 31, 2024 Description Issuance Date Maturity Date Interest Rate Principal Debt Issuance Costs (in millions) WAL fixed-to-variable-rate (1) June 2021 June 15, 2031 3.00 % $ 600 $ 5 WAB fixed-to-variable-rate (2) May 2020 June 1, 2030 5.25 % 225 — Total $ 825 $ 5 December 31, 2023 Description Issuance Date Maturity Date Interest Rate Principal Debt Issuance Costs (in millions) WAL fixed-to-variable-rate (1) June 2021 June 15, 2031 3.00 % $ 600 $ 6 WAB fixed-to-variable-rate (2) May 2020 June 1, 2030 5.25 % 225 1 Total $ 825 $ 7 (1) Notes are redeemable, in whole or in part, beginning on June 15, 2026 at their principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest and has a fixed interest rate of 3.00%. The notes also convert to a variable rate of three-month SOFR plus 225 basis points on this date. (2) Debt is redeemable, in whole or in part, on or after June 1, 2025 at its principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest and has a fixed interest rate of 5.25% through June 1, 2025 and then converts to a variable rate per annum equal to three-month SOFR plus 512 basis points.

Stockholders' Equity (Tables)

Stockholders' Equity (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Stockholders' Equity (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2024
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]
Status of Unvested Shares of Restricted Stock and Changes During the Years	A summary of the status of the Company’s unvested shares of restricted stock and changes during the years then ended is presented below: December 31, 2024 2023 Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value (in millions, except per share amounts) Balance, beginning of period 1.1 $ 83.19 0.9 $ 84.16 Granted 0.8 62.03 0.6 72.32 Vested (0.3) 87.97 (0.3) 65.59 Forfeited (0.2) 71.09 (0.1) 82.46 Balance, end of period 1.4 $ 71.95 1.1 $ 83.19

Accumulated Other Comprehensi_2

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2024
Equity [Abstract]
Summary of Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income	The following table summarizes the changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) by component, net of tax: Unrealized holding gains (losses) on AFS securities Unrealized holding losses on SERP Unrealized holding gains (losses) on junior subordinated debt Impairment loss on securities Total (in millions) Balance, December 31, 2021 $ 16.7 $ (0.3) $ (0.7) $ — $ 15.7 Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications (674.9) — 3.7 — (671.2) Amounts reclassified from AOCI (5.5) — — — (5.5) Net current-period other comprehensive (loss) income (680.4) — 3.7 — (676.7) Balance, December 31, 2022 $ (663.7) $ (0.3) $ 3.0 $ — $ (661.0) Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications 116.9 — (0.2) 1.2 117.9 Amounts reclassified from AOCI 30.2 — — — 30.2 Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss) 147.1 — (0.2) 1.2 148.1 Balance, December 31, 2023 $ (516.6) $ (0.3) $ 2.8 $ 1.2 $ (512.9) Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications (5.1) (0.1) (1.4) (1.2) (7.8) Amounts reclassified from AOCI (13.0) — — — (13.0) Net current-period other comprehensive loss (18.1) (0.1) (1.4) (1.2) (20.8) Balance, December 31, 2024 $ (534.7) $ (0.4) $ 1.4 $ — $ (533.7)
Schedule of Reclassifications Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income	The following table presents reclassifications out of AOCI: Year Ended December 31, Income Statement Classification 2024 2023 2022 (in millions) Gain (loss) on sales of AFS debt securities, net $ 17.4 $ (40.4) $ 7.4 Income tax (expense) benefit (4.4) 10.2 (1.9) Gain (loss), net of tax $ 13.0 $ (30.2) $ 5.5

Derivatives and Hedging Activ_2

Derivatives and Hedging Activities (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Derivatives and Hedging Activities (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2024
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Derivative Assets at Fair Value	As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the following amounts are reflected on the Consolidated Balance Sheet related to cumulative basis adjustments for outstanding fair value hedges: December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 Carrying Value of Hedged Assets Cumulative Fair Value Hedging Adjustment (1) Carrying Value of Hedged Assets Cumulative Fair Value Hedging Adjustment (1) (in millions) Loans HFI, net of deferred loan fees and costs (2) $ 4,320 $ (96) $ 3,875 $ 6 (1) Included in the carrying value of the hedged assets. (2) Included portfolio layer method derivative instruments with $4.0 billion and $3.5 billion designated as the hedged amount (from a closed portfolio of prepayable fixed rate loans with a carrying value of $8.7 billion and $6.7 billion) as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The cumulative basis adjustment included in the carrying value of these hedged items totaled $78 million and $19 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Derivative Gain (Loss)	For loans, the gain or loss on the hedged item is included in interest income, as shown in the table below. Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Income Statement Classification Gain/(Loss) on Swaps Gain/(Loss) on Hedged Item Gain/(Loss) on Swaps Gain/(Loss) on Hedged Item Gain/(Loss) on Swaps Gain/(Loss) on Hedged Item (in millions) Interest income $ 99.7 $ (100.3) $ (22.8) $ 23.8 $ 71.7 $ (71.6) The following table summarizes the net gain (loss) on derivatives included in the non-interest income line items below: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Net gain (loss) on loan origination and sale activities: Forward contracts $ 84.8 $ 29.0 Interest rate lock commitments (20.0) 15.9 Interest rate contracts (6.3) (8.9) Other contracts (0.4) 1.0 Net gain on derivatives $ 58.1 $ 37.0 Net loan servicing revenue: Interest rate swaps $ (72.3) $ (32.4) Forward contracts (43.9) (15.4) Futures contracts 5.9 4.5 Net loss on derivatives $ (110.3) $ (43.3)
Schedule of Derivative Instruments in Statement of Financial Position	The following table summarizes the fair value of the Company's derivative instruments on a gross basis as of December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022. The change in the notional amounts of these derivatives from December 31, 2022 to December 31, 2024 indicates the volume of the Company's derivative transaction activity during these periods. The derivative asset and liability balances are presented on a gross basis, prior to the application of bilateral collateral and master netting agreements. Total derivative assets and liabilities are adjusted to take into account the impact of legally enforceable master netting agreements that allow the Company to settle all derivative contracts with the same counterparty on a net basis and to offset the net derivative position with the related cash collateral. Where master netting agreements are not in effect or are not enforceable under bankruptcy laws, the Company does not adjust those derivative amounts with counterparties. December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Fair Value Fair Value Fair Value Notional Derivative Assets Derivative Liabilities Notional Derivative Assets Derivative Liabilities Notional Derivative Assets Derivative Liabilities (in millions) Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: Fair value hedges Interest rate contracts $ 4,344 $ 97 $ — $ 3,895 $ 19 $ 24 $ 476 $ 18 $ — Total $ 4,344 $ 97 $ — $ 3,895 $ 19 $ 24 $ 476 $ 18 $ — Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: Foreign currency contracts $ 69 $ 1 $ 1 $ 135 $ 1 $ 1 $ 250 $ 1 $ 9 Forward contracts 21,731 81 48 13,170 27 55 7,694 17 21 Futures contracts (1) 13,200 — — 11,030 — — 8,706 — — Interest rate lock commitments 2,396 5 7 1,822 18 — 1,459 5 3 Interest rate contracts 6,336 19 20 3,628 19 20 1,538 6 6 Risk participation agreements 99 — — 72 — — 48 — — Equity warrants 59 30 — 55 4 — — — — Total $ 43,890 $ 136 $ 76 $ 29,912 $ 69 $ 76 $ 19,695 $ 29 $ 39 Margin — 72 3 — 202 (9) — 4 1 Total, including margin $ 43,890 $ 208 $ 79 $ 29,912 $ 271 $ 67 $ 19,695 $ 33 $ 40 (1) The Company enters into futures purchase and sales contracts that are subject to daily remargining and almost all of which are based on three-month SOFR to hedge against its MSR valuation exposure. The notional amount on these contracts is substantial as these contracts have a short duration and are intended to cover the longer duration of MSR hedges. The fair value of derivative contracts, after taking into account the effects of master netting agreements, is included in Other assets or Other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, as summarized in the table below: December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Gross amount of recognized assets (liabilities) Gross offset Net assets (liabilities) Gross amount of recognized assets (liabilities) Gross offset Net assets (liabilities) Gross amount of recognized assets (liabilities) Gross offset Net assets (liabilities) (in millions) Derivatives subject to master netting arrangements: Assets Foreign currency contracts $ 1 $ — $ 1 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Forward contracts 81 — 81 27 — 27 14 — 14 Interest rate contracts 106 — 106 31 — 31 18 — 18 Margin 72 — 72 202 — 202 4 — 4 Netting — (52) (52) — (67) (67) — (17) (17) $ 260 $ (52) $ 208 $ 260 $ (67) $ 193 $ 36 $ (17) $ 19 Liabilities Foreign currency contracts $ — $ — $ — $ (1) $ — $ (1) $ — $ — $ — Forward contracts (47) — (47) (55) — (55) (20) — (20) Interest rate contracts (6) — (6) (31) — (31) — — — Margin (3) — (3) 9 — 9 (1) — (1) Netting — 52 52 — 67 67 — 17 17 $ (56) $ 52 $ (4) $ (78) $ 67 $ (11) $ (21) $ 17 $ (4) Derivatives not subject to master netting arrangements: Assets Foreign currency contracts $ — $ — $ — $ 1 $ — $ 1 $ 1 $ — $ 1 Forward contracts — — — — — — 3 — 3 Interest rate lock commitments 5 — 5 18 — 18 5 — 5 Interest rate contracts 10 — 10 7 — 7 6 — 6 Equity warrants 30 — 30 4 — 4 — — — $ 45 $ — $ 45 $ 30 $ — $ 30 $ 15 $ — $ 15 Liabilities Foreign currency contracts $ (1) $ — $ (1) $ — $ — $ — $ (9) $ — $ (9) Forward contracts (1) — (1) — — — (1) — (1) Interest rate lock commitments (7) — (7) — — — (3) — (3) Interest rate contracts (14) — (14) (13) — (13) (6) — (6) $ (23) $ — $ (23) $ (13) $ — $ (13) $ (19) $ — $ (19) Total derivatives and margin Assets $ 305 $ (52) $ 253 $ 290 $ (67) $ 223 $ 51 $ (17) $ 34 Liabilities (79) 52 (27) (91) 67 (24) (40) 17 (23)

Earnings per Share (Tables)

Earnings per Share (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Earnings per Share (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Schedule of Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted	The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted EPS: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 (in millions, except per share amounts) Weighted average shares - basic 108.6 108.3 107.2 Dilutive effect of stock awards 0.7 0.2 0.4 Weighted average shares - diluted 109.3 108.5 107.6 Net income available to common stockholders $ 774.9 $ 709.6 $ 1,044.5 Earnings per common share: Basic $ 7.14 $ 6.55 $ 9.74 Diluted 7.09 6.54 9.70

Income Taxes Provision (Tables)

Income Taxes Provision (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Income Taxes Provision (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2024
Income Tax Expense Disclosure [Abstract]
Provision for Income Tax Expense	The provision for income tax expense consists of the following components: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 (in millions) Current $ 191.1 $ 236.1 $ 327.4 Deferred 12.4 (24.9) (68.6) Total tax expense $ 203.5 $ 211.2 $ 258.8
Effective Tax Rate Reconciliation	The following table presents a reconciliation between the statutory federal income tax rate and the Company’s effective tax rate: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 (in millions) Income tax at statutory rate $ 208.2 $ 196.1 $ 276.4 Increase (decrease) resulting from: Non-deductible insurance premiums 31.1 24.1 5.2 State income taxes, net of federal benefits 18.3 35.0 45.4 Tax-exempt income (31.3) (28.3) (26.0) Investment tax credits (19.7) (13.2) (32.1) Other, net (3.1) (2.5) (10.1) Total tax expense $ 203.5 $ 211.2 $ 258.8 Effective tax rate 20.5 % 22.6 % 19.7 %
Cumulative Tax Effects of Temporary Differences	The cumulative tax effects of the temporary differences are shown in the following table: December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Deferred tax assets: Unrealized loss on AFS securities $ 175 $ 170 Allowance for credit losses 109 96 Research and experimentation costs 41 32 Lease liability 41 46 Net operating loss carryovers 17 7 FDIC special assessment 13 17 Other 52 51 Total gross deferred tax assets 448 419 Deferred tax asset valuation allowance — — Total deferred tax assets 448 419 Deferred tax liabilities: Right of use asset (33) (37) Mortgage servicing rights (31) (11) Premises and equipment (30) (19) Unearned premiums (15) (15) Goodwill (13) (9) Deferred loan costs (12) (11) Leasing basis differences (9) (11) Other (24) (19) Total deferred tax liabilities (167) (132) Deferred tax assets, net $ 281 $ 287
Gross Activity of Unrecognized Tax Benefits	The total gross activity of unrecognized tax benefits related to the Company's uncertain tax positions are shown in the following table: December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Beginning balance $ 7.9 $ 6.6 Gross increases Tax positions in prior periods — 0.4 Current period tax positions 0.3 0.9 Gross decreases Tax positions in prior periods (0.5) — Ending balance $ 7.7 $ 7.9

Commitments and Contingencies (

Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2024
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Summary of Contractual Amounts for Unfunded Commitments and Letters of Credit	A summary of the contractual amounts for unfunded commitments and letters of credit are as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Commitments to extend credit, including unsecured loan commitments of $860 and $989 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively $ 13,546 $ 13,291 Credit card commitments and financial guarantees 585 418 Letters of credit, including unsecured letters of credit of $2 and $4 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively 437 222 Total $ 14,568 $ 13,931
Contractual Commitments for Lines and Letters of Credit by Maturity	The following table represents the contractual commitments for lines and letters of credit by maturity at December 31, 2024: Amount of Commitment Expiration per Period Total Amounts Committed Less Than 1 Year 1-3 Years 3-5 Years After 5 Years (in millions) Commitments to extend credit $ 13,546 $ 3,298 $ 5,465 $ 2,279 $ 2,504 Credit card commitments and financial guarantees 585 585 — — — Letters of credit 437 179 29 137 92 Total $ 14,568 $ 4,062 $ 5,494 $ 2,416 $ 2,596

Fair Value Accounting (Tables)

Fair Value Accounting (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Fair Value Accounting (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Gains and Losses from Fair Value Changes Included in Consolidated Statement of Operations	The following table presents unrealized gains and losses from fair value changes on junior subordinated debt: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 (in millions) Unrealized (losses) gains $ (1.9) $ (0.3) $ 4.9 Changes included in OCI, net of tax (1.4) (0.2) 3.7
Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities	The fair value of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis was determined using the following inputs: Fair Value Measurements at the End of the Reporting Period Using: Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets Significant Other Observable Inputs Significant Unobservable Inputs Fair Value (in millions) December 31, 2024 Available-for-sale debt securities Residential MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA $ — $ 5,831 $ — $ 5,831 U.S. Treasury securities 4,383 — — 4,383 Private label residential MBS — 947 — 947 Tax-exempt — 845 — 845 CLO — 570 — 570 Commercial MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA — 437 — 437 Corporate debt securities — 386 — 386 Other 2 67 — 69 Total AFS debt securities $ 4,385 $ 9,083 $ — $ 13,468 Equity securities Preferred stock $ 91 $ — $ — $ 91 CRA investments 26 — — 26 Total equity securities $ 117 $ — $ — $ 117 Loans HFS (2) $ — $ 2,240 $ 4 $ 2,244 Mortgage servicing rights — — 1,127 1,127 Derivative assets (1) — 198 35 233 Liabilities: Junior subordinated debt (3) $ — $ — $ 65 $ 65 Derivative liabilities (1) — 69 7 76 (1) See "Note 15. Derivatives and Hedging Activities." In addition, the carrying value of loans was decreased by $96 million as of December 31, 2024 for the effective portion of the hedge, which relates to the fair value of the hedges put in place to mitigate against fluctuations in interest rates. Derivative assets and liabilities exclude margin of $72 million and $3 million, respectively. (2) Includes only the portion of loans HFS that is recorded at fair value at each reporting period pursuant to the election of FVO treatment. (3) Includes only the portion of junior subordinated debt that is recorded at fair value at each reporting period pursuant to the election of FVO treatment. Fair Value Measurements at the End of the Reporting Period Using: Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets Significant Other Observable Inputs Significant Unobservable Inputs Fair (in millions) December 31, 2023 Assets: Available-for-sale debt securities U.S. Treasury securities $ 4,853 $ — $ — $ 4,853 Residential MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA — 1,972 — 1,972 CLO — 1,399 — 1,399 Private label residential MBS — 1,117 — 1,117 Tax-exempt — 858 — 858 Commercial MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA — 530 — 530 Corporate debt securities — 367 — 367 Other 28 41 — 69 Total AFS debt securities $ 4,881 $ 6,284 $ — $ 11,165 Equity securities Preferred stock $ 100 $ — $ — $ 100 CRA investments 26 — — 26 Total equity securities $ 126 $ — $ — $ 126 Loans - HFS (2) $ — $ 1,377 $ 3 $ 1,380 Mortgage servicing rights — — 1,124 1,124 Derivative assets (1) — 66 22 88 Liabilities: Junior subordinated debt (3) $ — $ — $ 63 $ 63 Derivative liabilities (1) — 100 — 100 (1) See "Note 15. Derivatives and Hedging Activities." In addition, the carrying value of loans was increased by $6 million as of December 31, 2023 for the effective portion of the hedge, which relates to the fair value of the hedges put in place to mitigate against fluctuations in interest rates. Derivative assets and liabilities exclude margin of $202 million and $(9) million, respectively. (2) Includes only the portion of loans HFS that is recorded at fair value at each reporting period pursuant to the election of FVO treatment. (3) Includes only the portion of junior subordinated debt that is recorded at fair value at each reporting period pursuant to the election of FVO treatment.
Change in Level 3 Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on Recurring Basis	The change in Level 3 liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis included in OCI was as follows: Junior Subordinated Debt Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 (in millions) Beginning balance $ (62.8) $ (62.5) $ (67.4) Change in fair value (1) (1.9) (0.3) 4.9 Ending balance $ (64.7) $ (62.8) $ (62.5) (1) Unrealized (losses) gains attributable to changes in the fair value of junior subordinated debt are recorded in OCI, net of tax, and totaled $(1.4) million, $(0.2) million, and $3.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements of these Level 3 liabilities were as follows: December 31, 2024 Valuation Technique Significant Unobservable Inputs Input Value (in millions) Junior subordinated debt $ 65 Discounted cash flow Implied credit rating of the Company 7.43 % December 31, 2023 Valuation Technique Significant Unobservable Inputs Input Value (in millions) Junior subordinated debt $ 63 Discounted cash flow Implied credit rating of the Company 8.92 % The change in Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis included in income was as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2024 2023 MSRs IRLCs (1) MSRs IRLCs (1) (in millions) Balance, beginning of period $ 1,124 $ 18 $ 1,148 $ 2 Purchases and additions 923 18,896 865 15,434 Sales and payments (905) — (800) — Settlement of IRLCs upon acquisition or origination of loans HFS — (18,916) — (15,420) Change in fair value 144 — 11 2 Mark to market adjustments — — 4 — Realization of cash flows (159) — (104) — Balance, end of period $ 1,127 $ (2) $ 1,124 $ 18 Changes in unrealized gains (losses) for the period (2) $ 71 $ (2) $ 19 $ (18) (1) IRLC asset and liability positions are presented net. (2) Amounts recognized as part of non-interest income. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements of these Level 3 assets and liabilities were as follows: December 31, 2024 Asset/liability Key inputs Range Weighted average MSRs: Option adjusted spread (in basis points) 21 - 315 237 Conditional prepayment rate (1) 8.4% - 19.0% 14.0 % Recapture rate 20.0% - 20.0% 20.0 % Servicing fee rate (in basis points) 25.0 - 56.5 36.4 Cost to service $75 - $95 $82 IRLCs: Servicing fee multiple 4.3 - 6.4 5.3 Pull-through rate 76% - 100% 92 % December 31, 2023 Asset/liability Key inputs Range Weighted average MSRs: Option adjusted spread (in basis points) 29 - 253 213 Conditional prepayment rate (1) 9.5% - 23.9% 17.4 % Recapture rate 20.0% - 20.0% 20.0 % Servicing fee rate (in basis points) 25.0 - 56.5 35.6 Cost to service $93 - $100 $95 IRLCs: Servicing fee multiple 3.2 - 5.4 4.3 Pull-through rate 68% - 100% 89 % For Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of period end, the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements were as follows: December 31, 2024 Valuation Technique(s) Significant Unobservable Inputs Range (in millions) Loans HFI $ 561 Collateral method Third party appraisal Costs to sell 6.0% to 10.0% Discounted cash flow method Discount rate Contractual loan rate 3.0% to 8.0% Scheduled cash collections Probability of default 0% to 20.0% Proceeds from non-real estate collateral Loss given default 0% to 70.0% Other assets acquired through foreclosure 52 Collateral method Third party appraisal Costs to sell 1.0% to 6.0% December 31, 2023 Valuation Technique(s) Significant Unobservable Inputs Range (in millions) Loans HFI $ 379 Collateral method Third party appraisal Costs to sell 6.0% to 10.0% Discounted cash flow method Discount rate Contractual loan rate 3.0% to 8.0% Scheduled cash collections Probability of default 0% to 20.0% Proceeds from non-real estate collateral Loss given default 0% to 70.0% Other assets acquired through foreclosure 8 Collateral method Third party appraisal Costs to sell 4.0% to 10.0%
Assets Measured at Fair Value on Nonrecurring Basis	The following table presents such assets carried on the Consolidated Balance Sheet by caption and by level within the ASC 825 hierarchy: Fair Value Measurements at the End of the Reporting Period Using Total Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets Active Markets for Similar Assets Unobservable Inputs (in millions) As of December 31, 2024 Loans HFI $ 561 $ — $ — $ 561 Other assets acquired through foreclosure 52 — — 52 As of December 31, 2023 Loans HFI $ 379 $ — $ — $ 379 Other assets acquired through foreclosure 8 — — 8
Estimated Fair Value of Financial Instruments	The following is a summary of the difference between the aggregate fair value and the aggregate UPB of loans HFS for which the FVO has been elected: December 31, 2024 2023 Fair value UPB Difference Fair value UPB Difference (in millions) Loans HFS: Current through 89 days delinquent $ 2,244 $ 2,195 $ 49 $ 1,379 $ 1,319 $ 60 90 days or more delinquent — — — 1 2 (1) Total $ 2,244 $ 2,195 $ 49 $ 1,380 $ 1,321 $ 59 The estimated fair value of the Company’s financial instruments is as follows: December 31, 2024 Carrying Amount Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total (in millions) Financial assets: Investment securities: HTM $ 1,526 $ — $ 1,309 $ — $ 1,309 AFS 13,468 4,385 9,083 — 13,468 Equity securities 117 117 — — 117 Derivative assets (1) 233 — 198 35 233 Loans HFS 2,286 — 2,259 27 2,286 Loans HFI, net 53,302 — — 53,070 53,070 Mortgage servicing rights 1,127 — — 1,127 1,127 Accrued interest receivable 362 — 362 — 362 Financial liabilities: Deposits $ 66,341 $ — $ 66,393 $ — $ 66,393 Other borrowings 5,573 — 5,545 — 5,545 Qualifying debt 899 — 789 78 867 Derivative liabilities (1) 76 — 69 7 76 Accrued interest payable 138 — 138 — 138 (1) Derivative assets and liabilities exclude margin of $72 million and $3 million, respectively. December 31, 2023 Carrying Amount Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total (in millions) Financial assets: Investment securities: HTM $ 1,429 $ — $ 1,251 $ — $ 1,251 AFS 11,165 4,881 6,284 — 11,165 Equity securities 126 126 — — 126 Derivative assets (1) 84 — 66 22 88 Loans HFS 1,402 — 1,379 23 1,402 Loans HFI, net 49,960 — — 46,877 46,877 Mortgage servicing rights 1,124 — — 1,124 1,124 Accrued interest receivable 370 — 370 — 370 Financial liabilities: Deposits $ 55,333 $ — $ 55,379 $ — $ 55,379 Other borrowings 7,230 — 7,192 — 7,192 Qualifying debt 895 — 734 76 810 Derivative liabilities (1) 100 — 100 — 100 Accrued interest payable 151 — 151 — 151 (1) Derivative assets and liabilities exclude margin of $202 million and $(9) million, respectively.

Regulatory Capital Requiremen_2

Regulatory Capital Requirements (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Regulatory Capital Requirements (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2024
Banking and Thrift, Other Disclosure [Abstract]
Summary of Actual Capital Amount and Ratio	The actual capital amounts and ratios for the Company and the Bank are presented in the following tables: Total Capital Tier 1 Capital Risk-Weighted Assets Tangible Average Assets Total Capital Ratio Tier 1 Capital Ratio Tier 1 Leverage Ratio Common Equity (dollars in millions) December 31, 2024 WAL $ 7,922 $ 6,687 $ 56,019 $ 82,691 14.1 % 11.9 % 8.1 % 11.3 % WAB 7,444 6,803 55,983 82,562 13.3 12.2 8.2 12.2 Well-capitalized ratios 10.0 8.0 5.0 6.5 Minimum capital ratios 8.0 6.0 4.0 4.5 December 31, 2023 WAL $ 7,201 $ 6,035 $ 52,517 $ 70,295 13.7 % 11.5 % 8.6 % 10.8 % WAB 6,802 6,229 52,508 70,347 13.0 11.9 8.9 11.9 Well-capitalized ratios 10.0 8.0 5.0 6.5 Minimum capital ratios 8.0 6.0 4.0 4.5

Related Party Transactions (Tab

Related Party Transactions (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Related Party Transactions (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2024
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]
Schedule of Related Party Transactions [Table Text Block]	The following table summarizes the aggregate activity for such loans: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) Balance, beginning $ — $ 172 New loans 22 — Advances — 457 Repayments and other — (629) Balance, ending $ 22 $ —

Parent Company Financial Info_2

Parent Company Financial Information (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Parent Company Financial Information (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2024
Parent Company Financial Information [Abstract]
Condensed Balance Sheet	WESTERN ALLIANCE BANCORPORATION Condensed Balance Sheets December 31, 2024 2023 (in millions) ASSETS: Cash and cash equivalents $ 181 $ 140 Investment securities - equity 31 31 Investment in subsidiaries 7,096 6,513 Other assets 85 71 Total assets $ 7,393 $ 6,755 LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY: Qualifying debt $ 674 $ 671 Accrued interest and other liabilities 12 6 Total liabilities 686 677 Total stockholders’ equity 6,707 6,078 Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 7,393 $ 6,755
Schedule Of Condensed Income Statement And Comprehensive Income Table	Condensed Income Statements Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 (in millions) Income: Dividends from subsidiaries $ 240.0 $ 330.0 $ 261.8 Interest income 2.7 2.9 3.8 Non-interest income (loss) 22.5 1.5 (0.9) Total income 265.2 334.4 264.7 Expense: Interest expense 25.7 25.4 22.6 Non-interest expense 27.4 29.3 26.5 Total expense 53.1 54.7 49.1 Income before income taxes and equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries 212.1 279.7 215.6 Income tax benefit 6.1 10.3 11.0 Income before equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries 218.2 290.0 226.6 Equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries 569.5 432.4 830.7 Net income 787.7 722.4 1,057.3 Dividends on preferred stock 12.8 12.8 12.8 Net income available to common stockholders $ 774.9 $ 709.6 $ 1,044.5
Condensed Cash Flow Statement	Condensed Statements of Cash Flows Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 (in millions) Cash flows from operating activities: Net income $ 787.7 $ 722.4 $ 1,057.3 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: Equity in net undistributed earnings of subsidiaries (569.5) (432.4) (830.7) Change in fair value of assets and liabilities measured at fair value (0.2) (3.4) 8.7 Other operating activities, net 17.9 (1.8) (16.8) Net cash provided by operating activities 235.9 284.8 218.5 Cash flows from investing activities: Purchases of securities — (153.9) (0.4) Principal pay downs, calls, maturities, and sales proceeds of securities — 155.5 1.8 Capital contributions to subsidiaries — (50.0) (193.0) Other investing activities, net (19.0) (10.0) (12.1) Net cash used in investing activities (19.0) (58.4) (203.7) Cash flows from financing activities: Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net 0.1 0.1 157.7 Cash dividends paid on common and preferred stock (176.8) (171.5) (166.2) Net cash used in financing activities (176.7) (171.4) (8.5) Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 40.2 55.0 6.3 Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 140.3 85.3 79.0 Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $ 180.5 $ 140.3 $ 85.3

Segments (Tables)

Segments (Tables)	12 Months Ended
Segments (Tables)	Dec. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Operating Segment Information	The following is a summary of reportable segment balance sheet information: Consolidated Company Commercial Consumer Related Corporate & Other At December 31, 2024: (in millions) Assets: Cash, cash equivalents, and investment securities $ 19,191 $ 14 $ — $ 19,177 Loans HFS 2,286 — 2,286 — Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs 53,676 31,544 22,132 — Less: allowance for credit losses (374) (320) (54) — Net loans HFI 53,302 31,224 22,078 — Goodwill and other intangible assets, net 659 291 368 — Other assets 5,496 367 1,923 3,206 Total assets $ 80,934 $ 31,896 $ 26,655 $ 22,383 Liabilities: Deposits $ 66,341 $ 25,487 $ 33,767 $ 7,087 Borrowings and qualifying debt 6,472 15 37 6,420 Other liabilities 1,414 72 476 866 Total liabilities 74,227 25,574 34,280 14,373 Allocated equity: 6,707 2,727 1,899 2,081 Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 80,934 $ 28,301 $ 36,179 $ 16,454 Excess funds provided (used) — (3,595) 9,524 (5,929) At December 31, 2023: Assets: Cash, cash equivalents, and investment securities $ 14,288 $ 13 $ 125 $ 14,150 Loans HFS 1,402 — 1,402 — Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs 50,297 29,136 21,161 — Less: allowance for credit losses (337) (284) (53) — Net loans HFI 49,960 28,852 21,108 — Goodwill and other intangible assets, net 669 292 377 — Other assets 4,543 398 1,826 2,319 Total assets $ 70,862 $ 29,555 $ 24,838 $ 16,469 Liabilities: Deposits $ 55,333 $ 23,508 $ 25,101 $ 6,724 Borrowings and qualifying debt 8,125 7 402 7,716 Other liabilities 1,326 109 338 879 Total liabilities 64,784 23,624 25,841 15,319 Allocated equity: 6,078 2,555 1,790 1,733 Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 70,862 $ 26,179 $ 27,631 $ 17,052 Excess funds provided (used) — (3,376) 2,793 583 The following is a summary of reportable segment income statement information: Consolidated Company Commercial Consumer Related Corporate & Other Year Ended December 31, 2024: (in millions) Interest income $ 4,541.1 $ 2,499.6 $ 1,083.4 $ 958.1 Interest expense 1,922.2 681.3 611.6 629.3 Funds transfer pricing — (650.7) 994.2 (343.5) Net interest income 2,618.9 1,167.6 1,466.0 (14.7) Provision for credit losses 145.9 136.2 2.2 7.5 Net interest income after provision for credit losses 2,473.0 1,031.4 1,463.8 (22.2) Non-interest income 543.2 120.9 354.3 68.0 Salaries and employee benefits 631.1 135.6 132.6 362.9 Other non-interest expense (1) 1,393.9 486.1 1,228.3 (320.5) Income before provision for income taxes 991.2 530.6 457.2 3.4 Income tax expense 203.5 109.4 90.7 3.4 Net income $ 787.7 $ 421.2 $ 366.5 $ — Year Ended December 31, 2023: Interest income $ 4,035.3 $ 2,426.6 $ 960.3 $ 648.4 Interest expense 1,696.4 485.2 417.9 793.3 Funds transfer pricing — (554.2) 358.3 195.9 Net interest income 2,338.9 1,387.2 900.6 51.1 Provision for credit losses 62.6 38.3 3.3 21.0 Net interest income after provision for credit losses 2,276.3 1,348.9 897.3 30.1 Non-interest income 280.7 (23.4) 287.0 17.1 Salaries and employee benefits 566.3 149.7 125.8 290.8 Other non-interest expense (1) 1,057.1 430.7 799.3 (172.9) Income before provision for income taxes 933.6 745.1 259.2 (70.7) Income tax expense 211.2 174.8 59.5 (23.1) Net income $ 722.4 $ 570.3 $ 199.7 $ (47.6) Year Ended December 31, 2022: Interest income $ 2,691.8 $ 1,588.7 $ 811.9 $ 291.2 Interest expense 475.5 127.7 77.8 270.0 Funds transfer pricing — 71.2 122.6 (193.8) Net interest income 2,216.3 1,532.2 856.7 (172.6) Provision for credit losses 68.1 47.2 21.1 (0.2) Net interest income after provision for credit losses 2,148.2 1,485.0 835.6 (172.4) Non-interest income 324.6 59.7 247.3 17.6 Salaries and employee benefits 539.5 115.1 173.8 250.6 Other non-interest expense (1) 617.2 350.8 456.6 (190.2) Income before provision for income taxes 1,316.1 1,078.8 452.5 (215.2) Income tax expense 258.8 256.5 107.7 (105.4) Net income $ 1,057.3 $ 822.3 $ 344.8 $ (109.8) (1) The composition of other non-interest expense is consistent with Non-interest expense as presented in the Consolidated Income Statement.

Summary of Significant Accoun_4

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Additional Information (Detail) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions		12 Months Ended
	Sep. 22, 2021 $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($) Subsidiary $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Significant Of Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Unconsolidated subsidiaries \| Subsidiary		8
Total commitment of accruing loans, threshold for evaluation \| $		$ 1
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (shares) \| shares		30,000	30,000
Ownership interest (dollars per share)	0.25%
Face amount of underlying life insurance policies \| $		$ 2,100	$ 452
Dividend rate	4.25%	4.25%
Preferred stock, par value (dollars per share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Preferred stock, liquidation value (dollars per share)	25	25	$ 25
Series A Preferred Stock
Significant Of Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Preferred stock, liquidation value (dollars per share)	$ 10,000	$ 10,000
Preferred Stock
Significant Of Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (shares) \| shares	12,000,000	12,000,000
Minimum
Significant Of Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Useful life		5 years
Maximum
Significant Of Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Useful life		40 years

Summary of Significant Accoun_5

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Estimated Lives (Details)	Dec. 31, 2024
Bank premises
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life	31 years
Furniture, fixtures, and equipment \| Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life	3 years
Furniture, fixtures, and equipment \| Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life	15 years
Leasehold improvements \| Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life	3 years
Leasehold improvements \| Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life	10 years
Software \| Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life	1 year
Software \| Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Useful life	10 years

Investment Securities - Carryin

Investment Securities - Carrying Amounts and Fair Values of Investment Securities (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Amortized cost, HTM	$ 1,526	$ 1,429
Amortized cost, AFS	14,178	11,849
Gross unrealized gains, HTM	1	1
Gross unrealized (losses), HTM	(218)	(179)
Investment securities - HTM Fair value	1,309	1,251
Gross unrealized gains, AFS	19	18
Grossed unrealized (losses), AFS	(729)	(702)
Fair value	13,468	11,165
Tax-exempt
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Amortized cost, HTM	1,350	1,243
Amortized cost, AFS	921	925
Gross unrealized gains, HTM	1	1
Gross unrealized (losses), HTM	(180)	(140)
Investment securities - HTM Fair value	1,171	1,104
Gross unrealized gains, AFS	0	0
Grossed unrealized (losses), AFS	(76)	(67)
Fair value	845	858
Private label residential MBS
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Amortized cost, HTM	176	186
Amortized cost, AFS	1,148	1,320
Gross unrealized gains, HTM	0	0
Gross unrealized (losses), HTM	(38)	(39)
Investment securities - HTM Fair value	138	147
Gross unrealized gains, AFS	0	1
Grossed unrealized (losses), AFS	(201)	(204)
Fair value	947	1,117
Residential MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Amortized cost, AFS	6,225	2,328
Gross unrealized gains, AFS	16	3
Grossed unrealized (losses), AFS	(410)	(359)
Fair value	5,831	1,972
U.S. Treasury securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Amortized cost, AFS	4,385	4,853
Gross unrealized gains, AFS	1	1
Grossed unrealized (losses), AFS	(3)	(1)
Fair value	4,383	4,853
CLO
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Amortized cost, AFS	570	1,407
Gross unrealized gains, AFS	0	1
Grossed unrealized (losses), AFS	0	(9)
Fair value	570	1,399
Commercial MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Amortized cost, AFS	447	531
Gross unrealized gains, AFS	1	8
Grossed unrealized (losses), AFS	(11)	(9)
Fair value	437	530
Corporate debt securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Amortized cost, AFS	407	411
Gross unrealized gains, AFS	0	0
Grossed unrealized (losses), AFS	(21)	(44)
Fair value	386	367
Other
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Amortized cost, AFS	75	74
Gross unrealized gains, AFS	1	4
Grossed unrealized (losses), AFS	(7)	(9)
Fair value	$ 69	$ 69

Investment Securities - Additio

Investment Securities - Additional Information (Detail) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($) positions	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) positions	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Schedule of Held-to-Maturity Securities [Line Items]
Investment securities - equity	$ 117	$ 126
Fair value gain (loss) adjustments, net	5.1	(1.3)
Fair value	$ 13,468	$ 11,165
Securities in unrealized loss position \| positions	796	708
Provision for credit losses recognized	$ (1)	$ 18.5
Recognition of charge-off	0	17.1
Accrued interest receivable	5	5
Carrying value of securities sold	4,500	1,600	$ 170
Recognized net gains	17.4	(40.4)	$ 7.3
Asset Pledged as Collateral
Schedule of Held-to-Maturity Securities [Line Items]
Fair value	$ 4,000	$ 7,700

Investment Securities - Unreali

Investment Securities - Unrealized Losses and Fair Value of Investment Securities in Continuous Unrealized Loss Position (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Gross Unrealized Losses, Less Than Twelve Months	$ 34	$ 7
Fair Value, Less Than Twelve Months	4,262	2,449
Gross Unrealized Losses, More Than Twelve Months	695	695
Fair Value, More Than Twelve Months	3,637	4,655
Gross Unrealized Losses, AFS	729	702
Fair Value, AFS	7,899	7,104
Residential MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Gross Unrealized Losses, Less Than Twelve Months	18	3
Fair Value, Less Than Twelve Months	1,793	174
Gross Unrealized Losses, More Than Twelve Months	392	356
Fair Value, More Than Twelve Months	1,482	1,551
Gross Unrealized Losses, AFS	410	359
Fair Value, AFS	3,275	1,725
U.S. Treasury securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Gross Unrealized Losses, Less Than Twelve Months	3	1
Fair Value, Less Than Twelve Months	2,185	2,208
Gross Unrealized Losses, More Than Twelve Months	0	0
Fair Value, More Than Twelve Months	0	0
Gross Unrealized Losses, AFS	3	1
Fair Value, AFS	2,185	2,208
Private label residential MBS
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Gross Unrealized Losses, Less Than Twelve Months	0	0
Fair Value, Less Than Twelve Months	0	0
Gross Unrealized Losses, More Than Twelve Months	201	204
Fair Value, More Than Twelve Months	939	1,020
Gross Unrealized Losses, AFS	201	204
Fair Value, AFS	939	1,020
Tax-exempt
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Gross Unrealized Losses, Less Than Twelve Months	1	3
Fair Value, Less Than Twelve Months	32	67
Gross Unrealized Losses, More Than Twelve Months	75	64
Fair Value, More Than Twelve Months	813	773
Gross Unrealized Losses, AFS	76	67
Fair Value, AFS	845	840
Corporate debt securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Gross Unrealized Losses, Less Than Twelve Months	0	0
Fair Value, Less Than Twelve Months	0	0
Gross Unrealized Losses, More Than Twelve Months	21	44
Fair Value, More Than Twelve Months	362	359
Gross Unrealized Losses, AFS	21	44
Fair Value, AFS	362	359
Commercial MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Gross Unrealized Losses, Less Than Twelve Months	10	0
Fair Value, Less Than Twelve Months	220	0
Gross Unrealized Losses, More Than Twelve Months	1	9
Fair Value, More Than Twelve Months	16	53
Gross Unrealized Losses, AFS	11	9
Fair Value, AFS	236	53
CLO
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Gross Unrealized Losses, Less Than Twelve Months		0
Fair Value, Less Than Twelve Months		0
Gross Unrealized Losses, More Than Twelve Months		9
Fair Value, More Than Twelve Months		845
Gross Unrealized Losses, AFS		9
Fair Value, AFS		845
Other
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Gross Unrealized Losses, Less Than Twelve Months	2	0
Fair Value, Less Than Twelve Months	32	0
Gross Unrealized Losses, More Than Twelve Months	5	9
Fair Value, More Than Twelve Months	25	54
Gross Unrealized Losses, AFS	7	9
Fair Value, AFS	57	54
Corporate debt securities with CLO
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Gross Unrealized Losses, AFS	1	8
Fair Value, AFS	$ 8	$ 54

Investment Securities - Allowan

Investment Securities - Allowance for Credit Losses, Available-for-Sale (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ 1.4	$ 0
Provision for credit losses recognized	(1)	18.5
Charge-offs	0	(17.1)
Recoveries	0	0
Ending balance	$ 0.4	$ 1.4

Investment Securities - Allow_2

Investment Securities - Allowance for Credit Losses, Held-to-Maturity (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Securities, Held-to-Maturity, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ 7.8	$ 5.2
Debt Securities, Held-to-Maturity, Excluding Accrued Interest, Credit Loss Expense (Reversal)	8.6	2.6
Charge-offs	0	0
Recoveries	0	0
Ending balance	$ 16.4	$ 7.8

Investment Securities - Investm

Investment Securities - Investment Securities by Credit Rating Type (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - amortized cost	$ 1,526	$ 1,429
Fair value	13,468	11,165
Investment securities - equity	117	126
U.S. Treasury securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	4,383	4,853
Residential MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	5,831	1,972
CLO
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	570	1,399
Private label residential MBS
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - amortized cost	176	186
Fair value	947	1,117
Tax-exempt
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - amortized cost	1,350	1,243
Fair value	845	858
Commercial MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	437	530
Corporate debt securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	386	367
Other
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	69	69
Preferred Stock
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - equity	91	100
CRA investments
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - equity	26	26
AAA
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - amortized cost	0	0
Fair value	980	1,178
Investment securities - equity	0	0
AAA \| U.S. Treasury securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	0	0
AAA \| Residential MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	0	0
AAA \| CLO
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	50	79
AAA \| Private label residential MBS
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - amortized cost	0	0
Fair value	921	1,090
AAA \| Tax-exempt
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - amortized cost	0	0
Fair value	9	9
AAA \| Commercial MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	0	0
AAA \| Corporate debt securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	0	0
AAA \| Other
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	0	0
AAA \| Preferred Stock
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - equity	0	0
AAA \| CRA investments
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - equity	0	0
Split-rated AAA/AA+
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - amortized cost	0	0
Fair value	10,671	7,371
Investment securities - equity	26	26
Split-rated AAA/AA+ \| U.S. Treasury securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	4,383	4,853
Split-rated AAA/AA+ \| Residential MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	5,831	1,972
Split-rated AAA/AA+ \| CLO
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	0	0
Split-rated AAA/AA+ \| Private label residential MBS
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - amortized cost	0	0
Fair value	0	0
Split-rated AAA/AA+ \| Tax-exempt
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - amortized cost	0	0
Fair value	19	16
Split-rated AAA/AA+ \| Commercial MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	437	530
Split-rated AAA/AA+ \| Corporate debt securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	0	0
Split-rated AAA/AA+ \| Other
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	1	0
Split-rated AAA/AA+ \| Preferred Stock
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - equity	0	0
Split-rated AAA/AA+ \| CRA investments
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - equity	26	26
AA+ to AA-
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - amortized cost	0	0
Fair value	847	1,661
Investment securities - equity	0	0
AA+ to AA- \| U.S. Treasury securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	0	0
AA+ to AA- \| Residential MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	0	0
AA+ to AA- \| CLO
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	465	1,265
AA+ to AA- \| Private label residential MBS
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - amortized cost	0	0
Fair value	26	26
AA+ to AA- \| Tax-exempt
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - amortized cost	0	0
Fair value	348	361
AA+ to AA- \| Commercial MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	0	0
AA+ to AA- \| Corporate debt securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	0	0
AA+ to AA- \| Other
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	8	9
AA+ to AA- \| Preferred Stock
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - equity	0	0
AA+ to AA- \| CRA investments
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - equity	0	0
A+ to A-
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - amortized cost	0	0
Fair value	510	528
Investment securities - equity	0	0
A+ to A- \| U.S. Treasury securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	0	0
A+ to A- \| Residential MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	0	0
A+ to A- \| CLO
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	55	55
A+ to A- \| Private label residential MBS
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - amortized cost	0	0
Fair value	0	0
A+ to A- \| Tax-exempt
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - amortized cost	0	0
Fair value	375	386
A+ to A- \| Commercial MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	0	0
A+ to A- \| Corporate debt securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	78	76
A+ to A- \| Other
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	2	11
A+ to A- \| Preferred Stock
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - equity	0	0
A+ to A- \| CRA investments
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - equity	0	0
BBB+ to BBB-
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - amortized cost	0	0
Fair value	266	239
Investment securities - equity	50	54
BBB+ to BBB- \| U.S. Treasury securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	0	0
BBB+ to BBB- \| Residential MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	0	0
BBB+ to BBB- \| CLO
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	0	0
BBB+ to BBB- \| Private label residential MBS
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - amortized cost	0	0
Fair value	0	0
BBB+ to BBB- \| Tax-exempt
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - amortized cost	0	0
Fair value	0	0
BBB+ to BBB- \| Commercial MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	0	0
BBB+ to BBB- \| Corporate debt securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	226	211
BBB+ to BBB- \| Other
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	40	28
BBB+ to BBB- \| Preferred Stock
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - equity	50	54
BBB+ to BBB- \| CRA investments
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - equity	0	0
BB+ and below
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - amortized cost	0	0
Fair value	83	85
Investment securities - equity	29	35
BB+ and below \| U.S. Treasury securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	0	0
BB+ and below \| Residential MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	0	0
BB+ and below \| CLO
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	0	0
BB+ and below \| Private label residential MBS
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - amortized cost	0	0
Fair value	0	1
BB+ and below \| Tax-exempt
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - amortized cost	0	0
Fair value	0	0
BB+ and below \| Commercial MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	0	0
BB+ and below \| Corporate debt securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	82	80
BB+ and below \| Other
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	1	4
BB+ and below \| Preferred Stock
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - equity	29	35
BB+ and below \| CRA investments
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - equity	0	0
Unrated
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - amortized cost	1,526	1,429
Fair value	111	103
Investment securities - equity	12	11
Unrated \| U.S. Treasury securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	0	0
Unrated \| Residential MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	0	0
Unrated \| CLO
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	0	0
Unrated \| Private label residential MBS
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - amortized cost	176	186
Fair value	0	0
Unrated \| Tax-exempt
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - amortized cost	1,350	1,243
Fair value	94	86
Unrated \| Commercial MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	0	0
Unrated \| Corporate debt securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	0	0
Unrated \| Other
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Fair value	17	17
Unrated \| Preferred Stock
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - equity	12	11
Unrated \| CRA investments
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Investment securities - equity	$ 0	$ 0

Investment Securities - Amortiz

Investment Securities - Amortized Cost and Fair Value of Investment Securities by Contractual Maturities (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Amortized Cost
Securities held to maturity, Due in one year or less, Amortized Cost	$ 35
Securities held to maturity, After one year through five years, Amortized Cost	9
Securities held to maturity, After five years through ten years, Amortized Cost	117
Securities held to maturity, After ten years, Amortized Cost	1,189
Securities held to maturity, Mortgage backed securities, Amortized Cost	176
Amortized cost, HTM	1,526	$ 1,429
Estimated Fair Value
Securities held to maturity, Due in one year or less, Estimated Fair Value	35
Securities held to maturity, Due after one year through five years, Estimated Fair Value	9
Securities held to maturity, Due after five years through ten years, Estimated Fair Value	105
Securities held to maturity, After ten years, Estimated Fair Value	1,022
Securities held to maturity, Mortgage-backed securities, Estimated Fair Value	138
Investment securities - HTM, fair value	1,309	1,251
Amortized Cost
Securities available for sale, Due in one year or less, Amortized Cost	4,404
Securities available for sale, After one year through five years, Amortized Cost	172
Securities available for sale, After five years through ten years, Amortized Cost	548
Securities available for sale, After ten years, Amortized Cost	1,234
Securities available for sale, Mortgage backed securities, Amortized Cost	7,820
Securities available for sale Total, Amortized Cost	14,178
Estimated Fair Value
Securities available for sale, Due in one year or less, Estimated Fair Value	4,402
Securities available for sale, After one year through five years, Estimated Fair Value	167
Securities available for sale, After five years through ten years, Estimated Fair Value	531
Securities available for sale, After ten years, Estimated Fair Value	1,153
Securities available for sale, Mortgage backed securities, Estimated Fair Value	7,215
Securities available for sale Total, Estimated Fair Value	$ 13,468	$ 11,165

Investment Securities - Gross G

Investment Securities - Gross Gains and (Losses) on Sales of Investments (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Investment securities - AFS
Gross gains	$ 19.6	$ 4	$ 7.5
Gross losses	(2.2)	(44.4)	(0.2)
Net gains (losses) on AFS securities	17.4	(40.4)	7.3
Equity securities
Gross gains	0	0	0
Gross losses	0	(0.4)	(0.5)
Net losses on equity securities	$ 0	$ (0.4)	$ (0.5)

Loans Held For Sale - Additiona

Loans Held For Sale - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions		12 Months Ended
		Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Receivables [Abstract]
Transfer of loans HFI to HFS, net of fair value loss adjustment	[1]	$ 267.2	$ 6,646.8	$ 0
Loans HFS		$ 2,286	$ 1,402

[1]Activity for years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 excludes $461.3 million and $531.6 million, respectively, of loans transferred with an original designation of HFS, whose sales activity was classified as operating cash flows .

Loans Held For Sale - Summary o

Loans Held For Sale - Summary of Loans HFS by Type (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans HFS	$ 2,286	$ 1,402
Total government-insured or guaranteed
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans HFS	764	500
EBO
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans HFS	0	2
Non-EBO
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans HFS	764	498
Agency-conforming
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans HFS	1,502	899
Non-agency
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Loans HFS	$ 20	$ 3

Loans Held For Sale - Summary_2

Loans Held For Sale - Summary of Net Gain on Loan Purchase, Origination and Sale Activities on Residential Mortgage Loans (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Receivables [Abstract]
Mortgage servicing rights capitalized upon sale of loans	$ 922.8	$ 864.5
Net proceeds from sale of loans	(820)	(785.6)
Provision for and change in estimate of liability for losses under representations and warranties, net	5	5.2
Change in fair value	(17)	15
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivatives	61.4	(18.4)
Realized (loss) gain on derivatives	(3.3)	55.4
Total change in fair value of derivatives	58.1	37
Net gain on residential mortgage loans HFS	148.9	136.1
Loan acquisition and origination fees	57.4	57.4
Net gain on loan origination and sale activities	$ 206.3	$ 193.5	$ 104

Loans, Leases and Allowance f_3

Loans, Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses - Schedule of Held for Investment Loan Portfolio Composition of Loans, Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	$ 53,676	$ 50,297
Less: allowance for credit losses	(373.8)	(336.7)	$ (309.7)
Net loans held for investment	53,302	49,960
Warehouse lending
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	8,207	6,618
Less: allowance for credit losses	(6.4)	(5.8)	(8.4)
Municipal & nonprofit
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	1,620	1,554
Less: allowance for credit losses	(14.7)	(14.7)	(15.9)
Tech & innovation
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	3,383	2,808
Less: allowance for credit losses	(55.9)	(42.1)	(30.8)
Equity fund resources
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	884	845
Less: allowance for credit losses	(1.6)	(1.3)	(6.4)
Other commercial and industrial
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	9,175	7,452
Less: allowance for credit losses	(77.8)	(81.4)	(85.9)
CRE - owner occupied
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	1,675	1,658
Less: allowance for credit losses	(3.4)	(6)	(7.1)
Hotel franchise finance
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	3,815	3,855
Less: allowance for credit losses	(35.3)	(33.4)	(46.9)
Other CRE - non-owner occupied
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	6,342	5,974
Less: allowance for credit losses	(134.4)	(96)	(47.4)
Residential
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	12,961	13,287
Less: allowance for credit losses	(19.7)	(23.1)	(30.4)
Residential - EBO
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	972	1,223
Less: allowance for credit losses	0	0	0
Construction and land development
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	4,468	4,862
Other
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	174	161
Less: allowance for credit losses	$ (3.3)	$ (2.5)	$ (3.1)

Loans, Leases and Allowance f_4

Loans, Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Financing receivable, unamortized loan fees	$ (106)	$ (108)
Financing receivable, unamortized premium	175	177
Loans Past Due 90 Days or More and Still Accruing	326	441
Interest income associated with loans on nonaccrual status	24.5	12.3	$ 4.7
Modified loans current with contractual payments	128	95
Modified loans on nonaccrual status	169	111
Amortized cost basis	297	206
Interest receivable	272	281
Loan sales	729
Carrying value of loans sold		(7,900)
Net gain (loss) on loan sales	(6.6)	(123.4)
Charge-offs	3.4
Sale of loans	4,900
Reclassification to HFI	2,400
Financing Receivable, Purchase
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Loan purchases	1,700	1,600
Residential - EBO
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Loans Past Due 90 Days or More and Still Accruing	326	399
Amortized cost basis	366	225
Interest receivable	1	4
Loan purchases	385
Residential - EBO \| Financial Asset, Current to 89 Days Past Due
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Modified amount	29	26
Residential - EBO \| Over 90 days Past Due
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Modified amount	$ 11	$ 12

Loans, Leases and Allowance f_5

Loans, Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses - Summary of Recorded Investment in Nonaccrual Loans and Loans Past Due 90 Days Still Accruing Interest by Loan Class (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Nonaccrual with No Allowance for Credit Loss	$ 247	$ 151
Nonaccrual with an Allowance for Credit Loss	229	122
Total Nonaccrual	476	273
Loans Past Due 90 Days or More and Still Accruing	326	441
Municipal & nonprofit
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Nonaccrual with No Allowance for Credit Loss	0	0
Nonaccrual with an Allowance for Credit Loss	5	6
Total Nonaccrual	5	6
Loans Past Due 90 Days or More and Still Accruing	0	0
Tech & innovation
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Nonaccrual with No Allowance for Credit Loss	3	23
Nonaccrual with an Allowance for Credit Loss	57	10
Total Nonaccrual	60	33
Loans Past Due 90 Days or More and Still Accruing	0	0
Other commercial and industrial
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Nonaccrual with No Allowance for Credit Loss	11	19
Nonaccrual with an Allowance for Credit Loss	6	34
Total Nonaccrual	17	53
Loans Past Due 90 Days or More and Still Accruing	0	0
CRE - owner occupied
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Nonaccrual with No Allowance for Credit Loss	5	8
Nonaccrual with an Allowance for Credit Loss	0	1
Total Nonaccrual	5	9
Loans Past Due 90 Days or More and Still Accruing	0	0
Other CRE - non-owner occupied
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Nonaccrual with No Allowance for Credit Loss	172	82
Nonaccrual with an Allowance for Credit Loss	71	1
Total Nonaccrual	243	83
Loans Past Due 90 Days or More and Still Accruing	0	0
Residential
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Nonaccrual with No Allowance for Credit Loss	0	0
Nonaccrual with an Allowance for Credit Loss	88	70
Total Nonaccrual	88	70
Loans Past Due 90 Days or More and Still Accruing	0	0
Mortgage Loans in Process of Foreclosure, Amount	99
Residential - EBO
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Nonaccrual with No Allowance for Credit Loss	0	0
Nonaccrual with an Allowance for Credit Loss	0	0
Total Nonaccrual	0	0
Loans Past Due 90 Days or More and Still Accruing	326	399
Hotel franchise finance
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Total Nonaccrual	0	0
Construction and land development
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Nonaccrual with No Allowance for Credit Loss	55	19
Nonaccrual with an Allowance for Credit Loss	1	0
Total Nonaccrual	56	19
Loans Past Due 90 Days or More and Still Accruing	0	42
Equity fund resources
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Nonaccrual with No Allowance for Credit Loss	0
Nonaccrual with an Allowance for Credit Loss	1
Total Nonaccrual	1	0
Loans Past Due 90 Days or More and Still Accruing	0
Other
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Nonaccrual with No Allowance for Credit Loss	1
Nonaccrual with an Allowance for Credit Loss	0
Total Nonaccrual	1	$ 0
Loans Past Due 90 Days or More and Still Accruing	$ 0

Loans, Leases and Allowance f_6

Loans, Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses - Contractual Aging of Loan Portfolio by Segment (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	$ 53,676	$ 50,297
Total Nonaccrual	476	273
Pass
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	52,406	48,985
Special mention
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	392	641
Classified
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	956	652
Warehouse lending
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	8,207	6,618
Total Nonaccrual	0	0
Warehouse lending \| Pass
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	8,207	6,592
Warehouse lending \| Special mention
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	26
Warehouse lending \| Classified
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
Municipal & nonprofit
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	1,620	1,554
Total Nonaccrual	5	6
Municipal & nonprofit \| Pass
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	1,597	1,530
Municipal & nonprofit \| Special mention
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	18	18
Municipal & nonprofit \| Classified
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	5	6
Tech & innovation
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	3,383	2,808
Total Nonaccrual	60	33
Tech & innovation \| Pass
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	3,207	2,680
Tech & innovation \| Special mention
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	75	48
Tech & innovation \| Classified
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	101	80
Equity fund resources
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	884	845
Total Nonaccrual	1	0
Equity fund resources \| Pass
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	883	845
Equity fund resources \| Special mention
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
Equity fund resources \| Classified
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	1	0
Other commercial and industrial
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	9,175	7,452
Total Nonaccrual	17	53
Other commercial and industrial \| Pass
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	9,001	7,267
Other commercial and industrial \| Special mention
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	43	93
Other commercial and industrial \| Classified
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	131	92
CRE - owner occupied
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	1,675	1,658
Total Nonaccrual	5	9
CRE - owner occupied \| Pass
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	1,651	1,610
CRE - owner occupied \| Special mention
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	5	1
CRE - owner occupied \| Classified
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	19	47
Hotel franchise finance
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	3,815	3,855
Total Nonaccrual	0	0
Hotel franchise finance \| Pass
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	3,674	3,505
Hotel franchise finance \| Special mention
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	112	203
Hotel franchise finance \| Classified
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	29	147
Other CRE - non-owner occupied
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	6,342	5,974
Total Nonaccrual	243	83
Other CRE - non-owner occupied \| Pass
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	5,692	5,586
Other CRE - non-owner occupied \| Special mention
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	138	251
Other CRE - non-owner occupied \| Classified
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	512	137
Residential
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	12,961	13,287
Total Nonaccrual	88	70
Residential \| Pass
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	12,951	13,198
Residential \| Special mention
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
Residential \| Classified
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	88	70
Residential - EBO
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	972	1,223
Total Nonaccrual	0	0
Residential - EBO \| Pass
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	972	1,223
Residential - EBO \| Special mention
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
Residential - EBO \| Classified
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
Construction and land development
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	4,468	4,862
Total Nonaccrual	56	19
Other
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	174	161
Total Nonaccrual	1	0
Other \| Pass
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	171	159
Other \| Special mention
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	1	1
Other \| Classified
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	2	1
Current
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	52,599	49,140
Current \| Warehouse lending
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	8,207	6,618
Current \| Municipal & nonprofit
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	1,615	1,548
Current \| Tech & innovation
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	3,320	2,775
Current \| Equity fund resources
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	883	845
Current \| Other commercial and industrial
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	9,157	7,386
Current \| CRE - owner occupied
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	1,670	1,618
Current \| Hotel franchise finance
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	3,785	3,824
Current \| Other CRE - non-owner occupied
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	6,097	5,891
Current \| Residential
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	12,818	13,129
Current \| Residential - EBO
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	463	545
Current \| Construction and land development
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	4,412	4,801
Current \| Other
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	172	160
30-59 Days Past Due
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	157	270
30-59 Days Past Due \| Warehouse lending
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
30-59 Days Past Due \| Municipal & nonprofit
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
30-59 Days Past Due \| Tech & innovation
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	3	0
30-59 Days Past Due \| Equity fund resources
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
30-59 Days Past Due \| Other commercial and industrial
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	1	13
30-59 Days Past Due \| CRE - owner occupied
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
30-59 Days Past Due \| Hotel franchise finance
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	15
30-59 Days Past Due \| Other CRE - non-owner occupied
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
30-59 Days Past Due \| Residential
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	45	68
30-59 Days Past Due \| Residential - EBO
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	107	173
30-59 Days Past Due \| Construction and land development
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
30-59 Days Past Due \| Other
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	1	1
60-89 Days Past Due
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	118	173
60-89 Days Past Due \| Warehouse lending
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
60-89 Days Past Due \| Municipal & nonprofit
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
60-89 Days Past Due \| Tech & innovation
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
60-89 Days Past Due \| Equity fund resources
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
60-89 Days Past Due \| Other commercial and industrial
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
60-89 Days Past Due \| CRE - owner occupied
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	31
60-89 Days Past Due \| Hotel franchise finance
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	30	16
60-89 Days Past Due \| Other CRE - non-owner occupied
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	2	0
60-89 Days Past Due \| Residential
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	10	20
60-89 Days Past Due \| Residential - EBO
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	76	106
60-89 Days Past Due \| Construction and land development
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
60-89 Days Past Due \| Other
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
Over 90 days Past Due
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	326	441
Over 90 days Past Due \| Warehouse lending
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
Over 90 days Past Due \| Municipal & nonprofit
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
Over 90 days Past Due \| Tech & innovation
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
Over 90 days Past Due \| Equity fund resources
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
Over 90 days Past Due \| Other commercial and industrial
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
Over 90 days Past Due \| CRE - owner occupied
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
Over 90 days Past Due \| Hotel franchise finance
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
Over 90 days Past Due \| Other CRE - non-owner occupied
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
Over 90 days Past Due \| Residential
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
Over 90 days Past Due \| Residential - EBO
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	326	399
Over 90 days Past Due \| Construction and land development
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	42
Over 90 days Past Due \| Other
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
Total Past Due
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	601	884
Total Past Due \| Warehouse lending
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
Total Past Due \| Municipal & nonprofit
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
Total Past Due \| Tech & innovation
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	3	0
Total Past Due \| Equity fund resources
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
Total Past Due \| Other commercial and industrial
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	1	13
Total Past Due \| CRE - owner occupied
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	31
Total Past Due \| Hotel franchise finance
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	30	31
Total Past Due \| Other CRE - non-owner occupied
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	2	0
Total Past Due \| Residential
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	55	88
Total Past Due \| Residential - EBO
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	509	678
Total Past Due \| Construction and land development
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	42
Total Past Due \| Other
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	$ 1	$ 1

Loans, Leases and Allowance f_7

Loans, Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses - Credit Quality Indicators (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	$ 8,065	$ 7,504
Year before current fiscal year	5,392	12,434
Two years before current fiscal year	10,053	11,544
Three years before current fiscal year	9,750	2,876
Four years before current fiscal year	2,199	1,568
Five or more years before current fiscal year	2,937	2,523
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	15,358	11,829
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	53,676	50,297
Current fiscal year, writeoff	1.2	2.5
Year before current fiscal year, writeoff	23.5	4.7
Two years before current fiscal year, writeoff	31.1	18.9
Three years before current fiscal year, writeoff	28.8	7.4
Four years before current fiscal year, writeoff	3.6	0.3
Five years before current fiscal year, writeoff	2.7	0.5
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis, Writeoff	4.4	0.9
Charge-offs	95.3	35.2
Cumulative fair value hedging adjustment	(78)	19
Pass
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	7,786	7,139
Year before current fiscal year	5,000	12,265
Two years before current fiscal year	9,578	11,211
Three years before current fiscal year	9,632	2,757
Four years before current fiscal year	2,168	1,433
Five or more years before current fiscal year	2,910	2,387
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	15,332	11,793
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	52,406	48,985
Special mention
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	202	293
Year before current fiscal year	15	38
Two years before current fiscal year	135	95
Three years before current fiscal year	13	54
Four years before current fiscal year	13	63
Five or more years before current fiscal year	4	70
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	10	28
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	392	641
Classified
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	77	72
Year before current fiscal year	377	131
Two years before current fiscal year	340	238
Three years before current fiscal year	105	65
Four years before current fiscal year	18	72
Five or more years before current fiscal year	23	66
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	16	8
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	956	652
Warehouse lending
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	205	582
Year before current fiscal year	545	323
Two years before current fiscal year	264	7
Three years before current fiscal year	0	289
Four years before current fiscal year	278	0
Five or more years before current fiscal year	0	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	6,915	5,417
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	8,207	6,618
Current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Year before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Two years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Three years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Four years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Five years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis, Writeoff	0	0
Charge-offs	0	0
Warehouse lending \| Pass
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	205	582
Year before current fiscal year	545	323
Two years before current fiscal year	264	7
Three years before current fiscal year	0	289
Four years before current fiscal year	278	0
Five or more years before current fiscal year	0	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	6,915	5,391
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	8,207	6,592
Warehouse lending \| Special mention
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	0	0
Year before current fiscal year	0	0
Two years before current fiscal year	0	0
Three years before current fiscal year	0	0
Four years before current fiscal year	0	0
Five or more years before current fiscal year	0	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	0	26
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	26
Warehouse lending \| Classified
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	0	0
Year before current fiscal year	0	0
Two years before current fiscal year	0	0
Three years before current fiscal year	0	0
Four years before current fiscal year	0	0
Five or more years before current fiscal year	0	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	0	0
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
Municipal & nonprofit
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	175	102
Year before current fiscal year	89	174
Two years before current fiscal year	202	176
Three years before current fiscal year	144	180
Four years before current fiscal year	171	74
Five or more years before current fiscal year	838	848
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	1	0
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	1,620	1,554
Current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Year before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Two years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Three years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Four years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Five years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis, Writeoff	0	0
Charge-offs	0	0
Municipal & nonprofit \| Pass
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	175	102
Year before current fiscal year	89	167
Two years before current fiscal year	195	176
Three years before current fiscal year	144	169
Four years before current fiscal year	160	68
Five or more years before current fiscal year	833	848
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	1	0
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	1,597	1,530
Municipal & nonprofit \| Special mention
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	0	0
Year before current fiscal year	0	7
Two years before current fiscal year	7	0
Three years before current fiscal year	0	11
Four years before current fiscal year	11	0
Five or more years before current fiscal year	0	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	0	0
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	18	18
Municipal & nonprofit \| Classified
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	0	0
Year before current fiscal year	0	0
Two years before current fiscal year	0	0
Three years before current fiscal year	0	0
Four years before current fiscal year	0	6
Five or more years before current fiscal year	5	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	0	0
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	5	6
Tech & innovation
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	1,434	778
Year before current fiscal year	497	856
Two years before current fiscal year	362	219
Three years before current fiscal year	103	27
Four years before current fiscal year	0	66
Five or more years before current fiscal year	61	38
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	926	824
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	3,383	2,808
Current fiscal year, writeoff	1.2	1.7
Year before current fiscal year, writeoff	1.5	1.1
Two years before current fiscal year, writeoff	19.1	0.6
Three years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	3.5
Four years before current fiscal year, writeoff	3.6	0
Five years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis, Writeoff	3.2	0
Charge-offs	28.6	6.9
Tech & innovation \| Pass
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	1,378	758
Year before current fiscal year	475	774
Two years before current fiscal year	301	206
Three years before current fiscal year	89	22
Four years before current fiscal year	0	66
Five or more years before current fiscal year	61	38
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	903	816
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	3,207	2,680
Tech & innovation \| Special mention
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	26	5
Year before current fiscal year	15	30
Two years before current fiscal year	16	12
Three years before current fiscal year	11	0
Four years before current fiscal year	0	0
Five or more years before current fiscal year	0	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	7	1
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	75	48
Tech & innovation \| Classified
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	30	15
Year before current fiscal year	7	52
Two years before current fiscal year	45	1
Three years before current fiscal year	3	5
Four years before current fiscal year	0	0
Five or more years before current fiscal year	0	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	16	7
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	101	80
Equity fund resources
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	7	154
Year before current fiscal year	78	62
Two years before current fiscal year	24	21
Three years before current fiscal year	32	3
Four years before current fiscal year	2	1
Five or more years before current fiscal year	0	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	741	604
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	884	845
Current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Year before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Two years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Three years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Four years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Five years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis, Writeoff	0	0
Charge-offs	0	0
Equity fund resources \| Pass
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	6	154
Year before current fiscal year	78	62
Two years before current fiscal year	24	21
Three years before current fiscal year	32	3
Four years before current fiscal year	2	1
Five or more years before current fiscal year	0	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	741	604
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	883	845
Equity fund resources \| Special mention
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	0	0
Year before current fiscal year	0	0
Two years before current fiscal year	0	0
Three years before current fiscal year	0	0
Four years before current fiscal year	0	0
Five or more years before current fiscal year	0	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	0	0
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
Equity fund resources \| Classified
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	1	0
Year before current fiscal year	0	0
Two years before current fiscal year	0	0
Three years before current fiscal year	0	0
Four years before current fiscal year	0	0
Five or more years before current fiscal year	0	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	0	0
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	1	0
Other commercial and industrial
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	2,229	1,701
Year before current fiscal year	1,059	1,480
Two years before current fiscal year	849	619
Three years before current fiscal year	343	187
Four years before current fiscal year	77	81
Five or more years before current fiscal year	159	196
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	4,459	3,188
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	9,175	7,452
Current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0.8
Year before current fiscal year, writeoff	0.2	3.4
Two years before current fiscal year, writeoff	1	13.2
Three years before current fiscal year, writeoff	4.7	3.9
Four years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0.3
Five years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0.3	0.2
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis, Writeoff	1.1	0.9
Charge-offs	7.3	22.7
Other commercial and industrial \| Pass
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	2,217	1,610
Year before current fiscal year	973	1,454
Two years before current fiscal year	801	559
Three years before current fiscal year	324	185
Four years before current fiscal year	75	77
Five or more years before current fiscal year	155	196
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	4,456	3,186
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	9,001	7,267
Other commercial and industrial \| Special mention
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	1	90
Year before current fiscal year	0	1
Two years before current fiscal year	38	1
Three years before current fiscal year	1	0
Four years before current fiscal year	0	0
Five or more years before current fiscal year	0	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	3	1
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	43	93
Other commercial and industrial \| Classified
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	11	1
Year before current fiscal year	86	25
Two years before current fiscal year	10	59
Three years before current fiscal year	18	2
Four years before current fiscal year	2	4
Five or more years before current fiscal year	4	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	0	1
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	131	92
CRE - owner occupied
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	233	167
Year before current fiscal year	159	345
Two years before current fiscal year	336	326
Three years before current fiscal year	302	164
Four years before current fiscal year	146	133
Five or more years before current fiscal year	470	483
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	29	40
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	1,675	1,658
Current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Year before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Two years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Three years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Four years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Five years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0.3	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis, Writeoff	0	0
Charge-offs	0.3	0
CRE - owner occupied \| Pass
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	231	165
Year before current fiscal year	159	344
Two years before current fiscal year	323	322
Three years before current fiscal year	298	163
Four years before current fiscal year	146	132
Five or more years before current fiscal year	465	444
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	29	40
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	1,651	1,610
CRE - owner occupied \| Special mention
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	2	0
Year before current fiscal year	0	0
Two years before current fiscal year	1	0
Three years before current fiscal year	1	0
Four years before current fiscal year	0	0
Five or more years before current fiscal year	1	1
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	0	0
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	5	1
CRE - owner occupied \| Classified
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	0	2
Year before current fiscal year	0	1
Two years before current fiscal year	12	4
Three years before current fiscal year	3	1
Four years before current fiscal year	0	1
Five or more years before current fiscal year	4	38
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	0	0
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	19	47
Hotel franchise finance
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	1,134	651
Year before current fiscal year	522	1,543
Two years before current fiscal year	1,247	680
Three years before current fiscal year	405	95
Four years before current fiscal year	33	497
Five or more years before current fiscal year	342	257
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	132	132
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	3,815	3,855
Current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Year before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Two years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Three years before current fiscal year, writeoff	1.4	0
Four years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Five years before current fiscal year, writeoff	1.5	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis, Writeoff	0	0
Charge-offs	2.9	0
Hotel franchise finance \| Pass
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	1,036	593
Year before current fiscal year	522	1,535
Two years before current fiscal year	1,204	566
Three years before current fiscal year	405	95
Four years before current fiscal year	33	419
Five or more years before current fiscal year	342	165
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	132	132
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	3,674	3,505
Hotel franchise finance \| Special mention
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	98	34
Year before current fiscal year	0	0
Two years before current fiscal year	14	66
Three years before current fiscal year	0	0
Four years before current fiscal year	0	35
Five or more years before current fiscal year	0	68
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	0	0
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	112	203
Hotel franchise finance \| Classified
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	0	24
Year before current fiscal year	0	8
Two years before current fiscal year	29	48
Three years before current fiscal year	0	0
Four years before current fiscal year	0	43
Five or more years before current fiscal year	0	24
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	0	0
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	29	147
Other CRE - non-owner occupied
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	1,165	2,024
Year before current fiscal year	1,632	1,784
Two years before current fiscal year	1,821	863
Three years before current fiscal year	605	501
Four years before current fiscal year	264	208
Five or more years before current fiscal year	267	207
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	588	387
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	6,342	5,974
Current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Year before current fiscal year, writeoff	21.8	0
Two years before current fiscal year, writeoff	9.5	5.1
Three years before current fiscal year, writeoff	22.7	0
Four years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Five years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0.1
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis, Writeoff	0	0
Charge-offs	54	5.2
Other CRE - non-owner occupied \| Pass
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	1,056	1,832
Year before current fiscal year	1,388	1,784
Two years before current fiscal year	1,589	754
Three years before current fiscal year	557	457
Four years before current fiscal year	250	166
Five or more years before current fiscal year	264	206
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	588	387
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	5,692	5,586
Other CRE - non-owner occupied \| Special mention
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	75	164
Year before current fiscal year	0	0
Two years before current fiscal year	59	16
Three years before current fiscal year	0	43
Four years before current fiscal year	2	28
Five or more years before current fiscal year	2	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	0	0
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	138	251
Other CRE - non-owner occupied \| Classified
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	34	28
Year before current fiscal year	244	0
Two years before current fiscal year	173	93
Three years before current fiscal year	48	1
Four years before current fiscal year	12	14
Five or more years before current fiscal year	1	1
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	0	0
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	512	137
Residential
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	659	325
Year before current fiscal year	233	3,599
Two years before current fiscal year	3,372	8,018
Three years before current fiscal year	7,552	823
Four years before current fiscal year	766	274
Five or more years before current fiscal year	429	209
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	28	20
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	12,961	13,287
Current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Year before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Two years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Three years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Four years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Five years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis, Writeoff	0	0
Charge-offs	0	0
Residential \| Pass
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	659	324
Year before current fiscal year	231	3,573
Two years before current fiscal year	3,331	7,985
Three years before current fiscal year	7,519	819
Four years before current fiscal year	762	270
Five or more years before current fiscal year	421	207
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	28	20
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	12,951	13,198
Residential \| Special mention
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	0	0
Year before current fiscal year	0	0
Two years before current fiscal year	0	0
Three years before current fiscal year	0	0
Four years before current fiscal year	0	0
Five or more years before current fiscal year	0	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	0	0
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
Residential \| Classified
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	0	1
Year before current fiscal year	2	26
Two years before current fiscal year	41	33
Three years before current fiscal year	33	4
Four years before current fiscal year	4	4
Five or more years before current fiscal year	8	2
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	0	0
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	88	70
Residential - EBO
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	1	2
Year before current fiscal year	15	8
Two years before current fiscal year	12	227
Three years before current fiscal year	200	534
Four years before current fiscal year	447	231
Five or more years before current fiscal year	297	221
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	0	0
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	972	1,223
Current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Year before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Two years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Three years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Four years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Five years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis, Writeoff	0	0
Charge-offs	0	0
Residential - EBO \| Pass
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	1	2
Year before current fiscal year	15	8
Two years before current fiscal year	12	227
Three years before current fiscal year	200	534
Four years before current fiscal year	447	231
Five or more years before current fiscal year	297	221
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	0	0
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	972	1,223
Residential - EBO \| Special mention
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	0	0
Year before current fiscal year	0	0
Two years before current fiscal year	0	0
Three years before current fiscal year	0	0
Four years before current fiscal year	0	0
Five or more years before current fiscal year	0	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	0	0
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
Residential - EBO \| Classified
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	0	0
Year before current fiscal year	0	0
Two years before current fiscal year	0	0
Three years before current fiscal year	0	0
Four years before current fiscal year	0	0
Five or more years before current fiscal year	0	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	0	0
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
Construction and land development
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	798	1,014
Year before current fiscal year	563	2,250
Two years before current fiscal year	1,556	385
Three years before current fiscal year	62	62
Four years before current fiscal year	2	0
Five or more years before current fiscal year	0	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	1,487	1,151
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	4,468	4,862
Current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Year before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Two years before current fiscal year, writeoff	1.5	0
Three years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Four years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Five years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis, Writeoff	0	0
Charge-offs	1.5	0
Construction and land development \| Pass
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	798	1,013
Year before current fiscal year	525	2,231
Two years before current fiscal year	1,526	385
Three years before current fiscal year	62	10
Four years before current fiscal year	2	0
Five or more years before current fiscal year	0	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	1,487	1,151
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	4,400	4,790
Construction and land development \| Special mention
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	0	0
Year before current fiscal year	0	0
Two years before current fiscal year	0	0
Three years before current fiscal year	0	0
Four years before current fiscal year	0	0
Five or more years before current fiscal year	0	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	0	0
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
Construction and land development \| Classified
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	0	1
Year before current fiscal year	38	19
Two years before current fiscal year	30	0
Three years before current fiscal year	0	52
Four years before current fiscal year	0	0
Five or more years before current fiscal year	0	0
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	0	0
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	68	72
Other
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	25	4
Year before current fiscal year	0	10
Two years before current fiscal year	8	3
Three years before current fiscal year	2	11
Four years before current fiscal year	13	3
Five or more years before current fiscal year	74	64
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	52	66
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	174	161
Current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Year before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0.2
Two years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Three years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Four years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0	0
Five years before current fiscal year, writeoff	0.6	0.2
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis, Writeoff	0.1	0
Charge-offs	0.7	0.4
Other \| Pass
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	24	4
Year before current fiscal year	0	10
Two years before current fiscal year	8	3
Three years before current fiscal year	2	11
Four years before current fiscal year	13	3
Five or more years before current fiscal year	72	62
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	52	66
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	171	159
Other \| Special mention
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	0	0
Year before current fiscal year	0	0
Two years before current fiscal year	0	0
Three years before current fiscal year	0	0
Four years before current fiscal year	0	0
Five or more years before current fiscal year	1	1
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	0	0
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	1	1
Other \| Classified
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Current fiscal year	1	0
Year before current fiscal year	0	0
Two years before current fiscal year	0	0
Three years before current fiscal year	0	0
Four years before current fiscal year	0	0
Five or more years before current fiscal year	1	1
Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis	0	0
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	$ 2	$ 1

Loans, Leases and Allowance f_8

Loans, Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses - Amortized Cost Basis of Loans Modified (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis	$ 297	$ 206
% of Total Class of Financing Receivable	0.60%	0.40%
Payment Delay and Term Extension
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis	$ 0	$ 1
Term Extension
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis	58	188
Interest Rate Reduction
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis	1	0
Payment Delay
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis	238	17
Tech & innovation
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis	$ 47	$ 15
% of Total Class of Financing Receivable	1.40%	0.50%
Tech & innovation \| Payment Delay and Term Extension
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis	$ 0	$ 1
Tech & innovation \| Term Extension
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis	5	6
Tech & innovation \| Interest Rate Reduction
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis	1	0
Tech & innovation \| Payment Delay
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis	41	8
Other commercial and industrial
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis	$ 93	$ 31
% of Total Class of Financing Receivable	1%	0.40%
Other commercial and industrial \| Payment Delay and Term Extension
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis	$ 0	$ 0
Other commercial and industrial \| Term Extension
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis	7	23
Other commercial and industrial \| Interest Rate Reduction
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis	0	0
Other commercial and industrial \| Payment Delay
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis	86	8
CRE - owner occupied
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis		$ 3
% of Total Class of Financing Receivable		0.20%
CRE - owner occupied \| Payment Delay and Term Extension
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis		$ 0
CRE - owner occupied \| Term Extension
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis		3
CRE - owner occupied \| Interest Rate Reduction
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis		0
CRE - owner occupied \| Payment Delay
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis		0
Hotel franchise finance
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis		$ 37
% of Total Class of Financing Receivable		1%
Hotel franchise finance \| Payment Delay and Term Extension
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis		$ 0
Hotel franchise finance \| Term Extension
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis		37
Hotel franchise finance \| Interest Rate Reduction
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis		0
Hotel franchise finance \| Payment Delay
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis		0
Other CRE - non-owner occupied
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis	$ 157	$ 119
% of Total Class of Financing Receivable	2.50%	2%
Other CRE - non-owner occupied \| Payment Delay and Term Extension
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis	$ 0	$ 0
Other CRE - non-owner occupied \| Term Extension
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis	46	119
Other CRE - non-owner occupied \| Interest Rate Reduction
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis	0	0
Other CRE - non-owner occupied \| Payment Delay
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis	111	0
Residential
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis		$ 1
% of Total Class of Financing Receivable		0%
Residential \| Payment Delay and Term Extension
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis		$ 0
Residential \| Term Extension
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis		0
Residential \| Interest Rate Reduction
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis		0
Residential \| Payment Delay
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis		1
Residential - EBO
Financing Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring [Line Items]
Amortized cost basis	$ 366	$ 225

Loans, Leases and Allowance f_9

Loans, Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses - Collateral Dependent Loans (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Net loans HFI	$ 53,302	$ 49,960
Asset Pledged as Collateral
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Net loans HFI	607	389
Real Estate Collateral \| Asset Pledged as Collateral
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Net loans HFI	586	354
Other Collateral \| Asset Pledged as Collateral
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Net loans HFI	21	35
Municipal & nonprofit \| Asset Pledged as Collateral
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Net loans HFI	5	6
Municipal & nonprofit \| Real Estate Collateral \| Asset Pledged as Collateral
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Net loans HFI	0	0
Municipal & nonprofit \| Other Collateral \| Asset Pledged as Collateral
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Net loans HFI	5	6
Tech & innovation \| Asset Pledged as Collateral
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Net loans HFI	5	0
Tech & innovation \| Real Estate Collateral \| Asset Pledged as Collateral
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Net loans HFI	0	0
Tech & innovation \| Other Collateral \| Asset Pledged as Collateral
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Net loans HFI	5	0
Other commercial and industrial \| Asset Pledged as Collateral
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Net loans HFI	11	29
Other commercial and industrial \| Real Estate Collateral \| Asset Pledged as Collateral
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Net loans HFI	0	0
Other commercial and industrial \| Other Collateral \| Asset Pledged as Collateral
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Net loans HFI	11	29
CRE - owner occupied \| Asset Pledged as Collateral
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Net loans HFI	16	43
CRE - owner occupied \| Real Estate Collateral \| Asset Pledged as Collateral
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Net loans HFI	16	43
CRE - owner occupied \| Other Collateral \| Asset Pledged as Collateral
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Net loans HFI	0	0
Hotel franchise finance \| Asset Pledged as Collateral
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Net loans HFI	29	104
Hotel franchise finance \| Real Estate Collateral \| Asset Pledged as Collateral
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Net loans HFI	29	104
Hotel franchise finance \| Other Collateral \| Asset Pledged as Collateral
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Net loans HFI	0	0
Other CRE - non-owner occupied \| Asset Pledged as Collateral
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Net loans HFI	474	136
Other CRE - non-owner occupied \| Real Estate Collateral \| Asset Pledged as Collateral
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Net loans HFI	474	136
Other CRE - non-owner occupied \| Other Collateral \| Asset Pledged as Collateral
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Net loans HFI	0	0
Construction and land development \| Asset Pledged as Collateral
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Net loans HFI	67	71
Construction and land development \| Real Estate Collateral \| Asset Pledged as Collateral
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Net loans HFI	67	71
Construction and land development \| Other Collateral \| Asset Pledged as Collateral
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]
Net loans HFI	$ 0	$ 0

Loans, Leases and Allowance _10

Loans, Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses - Allowances for Credit Losses (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ 336.7	$ 309.7
Provision for (Recovery of) Credit Losses	130.4	56.9
Charge-offs	95.3	35.2
Recoveries	(2)	(5.3)
Ending balance	373.8	336.7
Balance, beginning of period	31.6	47
Provision for credit losses	7.9	(15.4)
Balance, end of period	39.5	31.6
Warehouse lending
Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	5.8	8.4
Provision for (Recovery of) Credit Losses	0.6	(2.6)
Charge-offs	0	0
Recoveries	0	0
Ending balance	6.4	5.8
Municipal & nonprofit
Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	14.7	15.9
Provision for (Recovery of) Credit Losses	0	(1.2)
Charge-offs	0	0
Recoveries	0	0
Ending balance	14.7	14.7
Tech & innovation
Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	42.1	30.8
Provision for (Recovery of) Credit Losses	42.3	18.2
Charge-offs	28.6	6.9
Recoveries	(0.1)	0
Ending balance	55.9	42.1
Equity fund resources
Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	1.3	6.4
Provision for (Recovery of) Credit Losses	0.3	(5.1)
Charge-offs	0	0
Recoveries	0	0
Ending balance	1.6	1.3
Other commercial and industrial
Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	81.4	85.9
Provision for (Recovery of) Credit Losses	2.7	13.2
Charge-offs	7.3	22.7
Recoveries	(1)	(5)
Ending balance	77.8	81.4
CRE - owner occupied
Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	6	7.1
Provision for (Recovery of) Credit Losses	(2.4)	(1.1)
Charge-offs	0.3	0
Recoveries	(0.1)	0
Ending balance	3.4	6
Hotel franchise finance
Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	33.4	46.9
Provision for (Recovery of) Credit Losses	4.1	(13.5)
Charge-offs	2.9	0
Recoveries	(0.7)	0
Ending balance	35.3	33.4
Other CRE - non-owner occupied
Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	96	47.4
Provision for (Recovery of) Credit Losses	92.4	53.8
Charge-offs	54	5.2
Recoveries	0	0
Ending balance	134.4	96
Residential
Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	23.1	30.4
Provision for (Recovery of) Credit Losses	(3.4)	(7.4)
Charge-offs	0	0
Recoveries	0	(0.1)
Ending balance	19.7	23.1
Residential - EBO
Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	0	0
Provision for (Recovery of) Credit Losses	0	0
Charge-offs	0	0
Recoveries	0	0
Ending balance	0	0
Construction and land development
Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	30.4	27.4
Provision for (Recovery of) Credit Losses	(7.6)	3
Charge-offs	1.5	0
Recoveries	0	0
Ending balance	21.3	30.4
Other
Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	2.5	3.1
Provision for (Recovery of) Credit Losses	1.4	(0.4)
Charge-offs	0.7	0.4
Recoveries	(0.1)	(0.2)
Ending balance	$ 3.3	$ 2.5

Loans, Leases and Allowance _11

Loans, Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses - Disaggregation of the Company's ACL on Funded Loans and Loan Balances (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss	$ 52,817	$ 49,723
Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss	859	574
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	53,676	50,297
Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss	304.5	315.1
Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss	69.3	21.6
Total	373.8	336.7	$ 309.7
Warehouse lending
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss	8,207	6,618
Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss	0	0
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	8,207	6,618
Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss	6.4	5.8
Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss	0	0
Total	6.4	5.8	8.4
Municipal & nonprofit
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss	1,615	1,548
Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss	5	6
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	1,620	1,554
Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss	14.1	13.7
Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss	0.6	1
Total	14.7	14.7	15.9
Tech & innovation
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss	3,283	2,729
Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss	100	79
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	3,383	2,808
Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss	33.6	38.3
Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss	22.3	3.8
Total	55.9	42.1	30.8
Equity fund resources
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss	884	845
Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss	0	0
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	884	845
Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss	1.6	1.3
Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss	0	0
Total	1.6	1.3	6.4
Other commercial and industrial
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss	9,047	7,362
Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss	128	90
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	9,175	7,452
Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss	75.5	64.6
Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss	2.3	16.8
Total	77.8	81.4	85.9
CRE - owner occupied
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss	1,658	1,613
Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss	17	45
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	1,675	1,658
Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss	3.4	6
Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss	0	0
Total	3.4	6	7.1
Hotel franchise finance
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss	3,786	3,708
Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss	29	147
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	3,815	3,855
Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss	35.3	33.4
Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss	0	0
Total	35.3	33.4	46.9
Other CRE - non-owner occupied
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss	5,830	5,838
Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss	512	136
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	6,342	5,974
Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss	90.3	96
Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss	44.1	0
Total	134.4	96	47.4
Residential
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss	12,961	13,287
Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss	0	0
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	12,961	13,287
Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss	19.7	23.1
Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss	0	0
Total	19.7	23.1	30.4
Residential - EBO
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss	972	1,223
Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss	0	0
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	972	1,223
Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss	0	0
Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss	0	0
Total	0	0	0
Construction and land development
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss	4,401	4,791
Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss	67	71
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	4,468	4,862
Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss	21.3	30.4
Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss	0	0
Total	21.3	30.4	27.4
Other
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss	173	161
Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss	1	0
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	174	161
Collectively Evaluated for Credit Loss	3.3	2.5
Individually Evaluated for Credit Loss	0	0
Total	$ 3.3	$ 2.5	$ 3.1

Mortgage Servicing Rights - Cha

Mortgage Servicing Rights - Changes in Fair Value of the Company's MSR Portfolio (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Servicing Asset at Fair Value, Amount [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning of period	$ 1,124	$ 1,148
Mortgage servicing rights capitalized upon sale of mortgage loans	923	865
Carrying value of MSRs sold	(905)	(800)
Change in fair value	144	11
Mark to market adjustments	0	4
Realization of cash flows	(159)	(104)
Balance, end of period	1,127	1,124
Unpaid principal balance of mortgage loans serviced for others	$ 61,089	$ 68,647
Servicing Asset, Fair Value, Change in Fair Value, Other, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]	Net loan servicing revenue	Net loan servicing revenue

Mortgage Servicing Rights - Add

Mortgage Servicing Rights - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Servicing Assets at Fair Value [Line Items]
MSR Sales, UPB of underlying loans	$ 56,200	$ 60,100
MSR loan receivables	37	41
Loan servicing fees	254.2	233.7
Servicing advances, net	84	87
Servicing Contracts
Servicing Assets at Fair Value [Line Items]
Net gain (loss) on MSR sales	$ 8.5	$ (9.1)

Mortgage Servicing Rights - Eff

Mortgage Servicing Rights - Effect of Hypothetical Changes in the Fair Value of MSRs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Transfers and Servicing [Abstract]
Loans serviced	$ 1,127	$ 1,124	$ 1,148
Adverse change	(64)
Favorable change	49
Increase	(25)
Decrease	26
Increase	(30)
Decrease	33
Increase	(13)
Decrease	$ 13

Premises and Equipment (Details

Premises and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Premises and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Bank premises	$ 96	$ 96
Construction in progress	62	82
Furniture, fixtures, and equipment	125	108
Land and improvements	32	32
Leasehold improvements	98	85
Software	225	142
Total	638	545
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(277)	(206)
Premises and equipment, net	361	339
Depreciation	$ 71	$ 49.5	$ 31.8

Other Assets Acquired Through_2

Other Assets Acquired Through Foreclosure (Details) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($) Property	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) Property
Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Other assets acquired through foreclosure	$ 52	$ 8
Valuation allowance	$ (5)	$ (4)
Properties acquired through foreclosure \| Property	5	5

Leases - Additional Information

Leases - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease right of use asset	$ 128	$ 145
Operating lease liability	$ 159	$ 179
Discount rate	3.08%	2.96%	2.81%
Weighted average remaining lease term	5 years 10 months 24 days	6 years 7 months 6 days	7 years 4 months 24 days
Renewal options	5 years
Lease cost	$ 28.8	$ 28.8	$ 25.4
Lessee, operating lease, other cost	$ 6	$ 4.9	$ 4
Minimum
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Remaining lease term	1 year
Maximum
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Remaining lease term	9 years

Leases - Schedule of Operating

Leases - Schedule of Operating Lease Liabilities by Contractual Maturity (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Leases [Abstract]
2025	$ 32
2026	30
2027	28
2028	27
2029	25
Thereafter	33
Total lease payments	175
Less: imputed interest	16
Operating lease liability	$ 159	$ 179

Leases - Supplemental Cash Flow

Leases - Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Leases [Abstract]
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$ 31.6	$ 19.3	$ 15.1
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	$ 6.4	$ 6.3	$ 51.6

Goodwill and Other Intangible_3

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets - Summary of Goodwill by Reporting Unit (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill	$ 527	$ 527
Commercial banking (1)
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill	290	290
Mortgage banking (2)
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill	200	200
Legal banking (3)
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill	$ 37	$ 37

Goodwill and Other Intangible_4

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Goodwill	$ 527	$ 527
Estimated useful life	23 years 2 months 12 days
Amortization of intangible assets	$ 10.5	$ 10.5	$ 10.4

Goodwill and Other Intangible_5

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets - Summary of Acquired Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 178	$ 178
Accumulated Amortization	46	36
Net Carrying Amount	132	142
Core deposits
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	14	14
Accumulated Amortization	13	12
Net Carrying Amount	1	2
Correspondent customer relationships
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	76	76
Accumulated Amortization	14	10
Net Carrying Amount	62	66
Customer relationships
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	18	18
Accumulated Amortization	9	6
Net Carrying Amount	9	12
Developed technology
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	4	4
Accumulated Amortization	2	2
Net Carrying Amount	2	2
Operating licenses
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	56	56
Accumulated Amortization	6	4
Net Carrying Amount	50	52
Trade names
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	10	10
Accumulated Amortization	2	2
Net Carrying Amount	$ 8	$ 8

Goodwill and Other Intangible_6

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets - Summary of Future Estimated Amortization Expenses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
2025	$ 10
2026	9
2027	8
2028	8
2029	6
Thereafter	91
Net Carrying Amount	$ 132	$ 142

Deposits - Deposits by Type (De

Deposits - Deposits by Type (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Other Liabilities Disclosure [Abstract]
Non-interest bearing	$ 18,846	$ 14,520
Demand accounts	15,878	15,916
Savings and money market accounts	21,208	14,791
Time certificates of deposit ($250,000 or more)	1,640	1,478
Other time deposits (1)	8,769	8,628
Total deposits	66,341	55,333
Retail brokered time deposits	$ 5,600	$ 5,800

Deposits - Summary of Contractu

Deposits - Summary of Contractual Maturities for Time Deposits (Details) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Other Liabilities Disclosure [Abstract]
2025	$ 9,861
2026	535
2027	10
2028	1
Thereafter	2
Total	$ 10,409

Deposits - Additional Informati

Deposits - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Other Liabilities Disclosure [Abstract]
Wholesale deposits	$ 6,900	$ 6,600
Reciprocal deposits	14,000	13,300
Earnings credits or referral fees	20,700	17,800
Deposits costs, deposits with earnings credits	$ 668.7	$ 422.5	$ 162.8

Other Borrowings - Company's Bo

Other Borrowings - Company's Borrowings (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Debt [Line Items]
Federal funds purchased	$ 0	$ 175
FHLB advances	3,100	6,200
Customer repurchase agreements	14	382
Total short-term borrowings	3,151	6,784
FHLB advances	2,000	0
Credit linked notes, net	422	446
Total long-term borrowings	2,422	446
Other borrowings	5,573	7,230
Secured borrowings
Debt [Line Items]
Secured borrowings	$ 37	$ 27

Other Borrowings - Additional I

Other Borrowings - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Oct. 31, 2020
Debt [Line Items]
Weighted average rate on FHLB advances	4.77%	5.67%
Customer repurchase agreements	$ 14	$ 382
Gain on extinguishment of debt	$ 0	52.7	$ 0
Long-term weighted average rate	4.85%
Credit Linked Notes
Debt [Line Items]
Debt Issuance Costs	$ 7	8
Principal	434	460
Senior Notes
Debt [Line Items]
Principal				$ 300
Gain on extinguishment of debt		39.3
Customer Repurchase Agreements
Debt [Line Items]
Customer repurchase agreements	14	6
Federal Home Loan Bank Advances
Debt [Line Items]
Additional available credit with the entity	8,700	6,100
FRB
Debt [Line Items]
Additional available credit with the entity	12,400	16,700
Warehouse Agreement Borrowings
Debt [Line Items]
Additional available credit with the entity	2,300
Warehouse borrowings	$ 0	$ 376
Weighted average borrowing rate		6.72%
Secured Debt
Debt [Line Items]
Weighted average borrowing rate	6.30%	6.10%
Unsecured Credit Facility
Debt [Line Items]
Secured borrowing credit line	$ 0
Unsecured Credit Facility \| Minimum
Debt [Line Items]
Basis spread	0.10%
Unsecured Credit Facility \| Maximum
Debt [Line Items]
Basis spread	0.20%

Other Borrowings - Outstanding

Other Borrowings - Outstanding Credit Linked Noted Issuances (Details) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($) class	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Debt [Line Items]
Classes of notes \| class	6
Credit Linked Notes
Debt [Line Items]
Principal	$ 434	$ 460
Debt Issuance Costs	7	$ 8
Credit Linked Notes Maturing October 2052
Debt [Line Items]
Principal	84
Debt Issuance Costs	$ 2
Credit Linked Notes Maturing October 2052 \| Credit Linked Notes
Debt [Line Items]
Basis spread	7.80%	7.80%
Principal		$ 90
Debt Issuance Costs		2
Weighted average borrowing rate	7.80%
Reference pool balance	$ 1,700	$ 1,800
Credit Linked Notes Maturing October 2052 \| Minimum \| Credit Linked Notes
Debt [Line Items]
Basis spread	2.25%
Credit Linked Notes Maturing October 2052 \| Maximum \| Credit Linked Notes
Debt [Line Items]
Basis spread	11%
Credit Linked Notes Maturing April 2052 \| Credit Linked Notes
Debt [Line Items]
Basis spread	6%	6%
Principal		$ 179
Debt Issuance Costs		3
Weighted average borrowing rate	6%
Reference pool balance	$ 3,400	3,600
Credit Linked Notes Maturing April 2052 \| Minimum \| Credit Linked Notes
Debt [Line Items]
Basis spread	2.25%
Credit Linked Notes Maturing April 2052 \| Maximum \| Credit Linked Notes
Debt [Line Items]
Basis spread	15%
Credit Linked Notes Maturing July 2059
Debt [Line Items]
Principal	$ 180	191
Debt Issuance Costs	$ 2	$ 3
Credit Linked Notes Maturing July 2059 \| Credit Linked Notes
Debt [Line Items]
Basis spread	4.67%	4.67%
Weighted average borrowing rate	4.67%
Reference pool balance	$ 3,500	$ 3,800
Credit Linked Notes Maturing July 2059 \| Minimum \| Credit Linked Notes
Debt [Line Items]
Basis spread	3.15%
Credit Linked Notes Maturing July 2059 \| Maximum \| Credit Linked Notes
Debt [Line Items]
Basis spread	8.50%
Credit Linked Notes Maturing April 2052
Debt [Line Items]
Principal	$ 170
Debt Issuance Costs	$ 3

Qualifying Debt - Subordinated

Qualifying Debt - Subordinated Debt Issuances (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Subordinated Debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal	$ 825	$ 825
Debt Issuance Costs	$ 5	$ 7
Subordinated Debentures Maturing June 2031
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest rate	3%
Basis spread	2.25%
Subordinated Debentures Maturing June 2031 \| Subordinated Debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate	3%
Principal	$ 600
Debt Issuance Costs	$ 5
Subordinated Debentures Maturing June 2030
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest rate	5.25%
Basis spread	5.12%
Subordinated Debentures Maturing June 2030 [Member] \| Subordinated Debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate	5.25%
Principal	$ 225
Debt Issuance Costs	$ 0
Subordinated Debentures Maturing July 2056 [Member] \| Subordinated Debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate		3%
Principal		$ 600
Debt Issuance Costs		$ 6
Subordinated Debentures Maturing July 2025 [Member] \| Subordinated Debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate		5.25%
Principal		$ 225
Debt Issuance Costs		$ 1

Qualifying Debt (Details)

Qualifying Debt (Details) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Qualifying Debt (Details) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($) Trust	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Subordinated debt issuances	$ 820	$ 818
Number of statutory business trusts \| Trust	8
Junior subordinated debt	$ 79	$ 77
Junior Subordinated Debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Weighted average interest rate	6.90%	7.93%

Stockholders' Equity - Addition

Stockholders' Equity - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)		3 Months Ended												12 Months Ended
	Sep. 22, 2021	Dec. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares authorized (in shares)		14,600,000												14,600,000
Maximum shares authorized (in shares)														300,000
Shares available for grant (in shares)		4,300,000												4,300,000
Unrecognized compensation expense		$ 36,400,000												$ 36,400,000
Expected recognition period														1 year 9 months 18 days
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net														$ 100,000	$ 100,000	$ 157,700,000
Dividend rate	4.25%													4.25%
Preferred stock, par value (dollars per share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001				$ 0.0001								$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Preferred stock, liquidation value (dollars per share)	$ 25	25				25								$ 25	$ 25
Dividends														$ 164,000,000	$ 158,700,000	153,400,000
Quarterly cash dividend (dollars per share)		$ 0.38	$ 0.37	$ 0.37	$ 0.37	$ 0.37	$ 0.37	$ 0.36	$ 0.36	$ 0.36	$ 0.36	$ 0.35	$ 0.35
Dividends paid to preferred stockholders														$ 12,800,000	$ 12,800,000	$ 12,800,000
Preferred stock dividends (dollars per share)														$ 0.27	$ 0.27
Restricted stock surrendered (shares)														141,983	152,452	200,745
Treasury shares purchased price (dollars per share)														$ 61.40	$ 72.27	$ 92.21
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (shares)		30,000				30,000								30,000	30,000
Director
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Maximum compensation authorized														$ 600,000
ATM Offering
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock issuance, net (shares)														0	0	1,900,000
Stock issuance, net																$ 158,700,000
Selling price (dollars per share)										$ 83.89						$ 83.89
Related offering costs																$ 1,000,000
Retained Earnings
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Dividends														$ 164,000,000	$ 158,700,000	153,400,000
Dividends paid to preferred stockholders															$ 12,800,000	$ 12,800,000
Preferred Stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (shares)	12,000,000	12,000,000												12,000,000
Performance Shares [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period														3 years	3 years	3 years
Share-based payment expense														$ 4,200,000	$ 1,600,000	$ 11,100,000
Restricted Stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based payment expense														40,200,000	32,700,000	28,700,000
Weighted average grant date fair value, granted														47,200,000	45,500,000	42,800,000
Fair value of restricted stock vested														$ 19,900,000	$ 22,900,000	$ 35,800,000
Granted (shares)														800,000	600,000
Shares vested (in shares)		1,400,000				1,100,000				900,000				1,400,000	1,100,000	900,000
Restricted Stock \| Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Employee
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period														3 years
Deferred Stock Units
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based payment expense														$ 3,300,000	$ 0	$ 0
Aggregate grant date fair value														$ 5,700,000
Cash Settled Stock Units
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period														3 years
Share-based payment expense														$ 1,300,000	$ 0	$ 0
Series A Preferred Stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Preferred stock, liquidation value (dollars per share)	$ 10,000	$ 10,000												$ 10,000
Grant year 2022 \| Performance Shares [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares vested (in shares)		0												0
Grant year 2021 \| Performance Shares [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares vested (in shares)						129,942									129,942
Vesting rate															168%
Grant year 2020 \| Performance Shares [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares vested (in shares)										157,784						157,784
Vesting rate																180%
Grant Year 2024 \| Restricted Stock \| Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Employee
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period														1 year

Stockholders' Equity - Summary

Stockholders' Equity - Summary of Unvested Shares of Restricted Stock and Changes (Detail) - Restricted Stock - $ / shares shares in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Shares
Balance, beginning of period (shares)	1.1	0.9
Granted (shares)	0.8	0.6
Vested (shares)	(0.3)	(0.3)
Forfeited (shares)	(0.2)	(0.1)
Balance, end of period (shares)	1.4	1.1
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Balance, beginning of period	$ 83.19	$ 84.16
Granted	62.03	72.32
Vested	87.97	65.59
Forfeited	71.09	82.46
Balance, end of period	$ 71.95	$ 83.19

Accumulated Other Comprehensi_3

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income - Summary of Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Beginning balance	$ 6,078.4	$ 5,356	$ 4,962.6
Ending balance	6,707.5	6,078.4	5,356
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on AFS securities
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Beginning balance	(516.6)	(663.7)	16.7
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications	(5.1)	116.9	(674.9)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	(13)	30.2	(5.5)
Net current-period other comprehensive (loss) income	(18.1)	147.1	(680.4)
Ending balance	(534.7)	(516.6)	(663.7)
Unrealized holding losses on SERP
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Beginning balance	(0.3)	(0.3)	(0.3)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications	(0.1)	0	0
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	0	0	0
Net current-period other comprehensive (loss) income	(0.1)	0	0
Ending balance	(0.4)	(0.3)	(0.3)
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on junior subordinated debt
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Beginning balance	2.8	3	(0.7)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications	(1.4)	(0.2)	3.7
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	0	0	0
Net current-period other comprehensive (loss) income	(1.4)	(0.2)	3.7
Ending balance	1.4	2.8	3
Impairment loss on securities
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Beginning balance	1.2	0	0
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications	(1.2)	1.2	0
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	0	0	0
Net current-period other comprehensive (loss) income	(1.2)	1.2	0
Ending balance	0	1.2	0
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Beginning balance	(512.9)	(661)	15.7
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications	(7.8)	117.9	(671.2)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	(13)	30.2	(5.5)
Net current-period other comprehensive (loss) income	(20.8)	148.1	(676.7)
Ending balance	$ (533.7)	$ (512.9)	$ (661)

Accumulated Other Comprehensi_4

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income - Schedule of Reclassifications Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Gain (loss) on sales of AFS debt securities, net	$ (17.4)	$ 40.8	$ (6.8)
Total tax expense	203.5	211.2	258.8
Net income	787.7	722.4	1,057.3
Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Total tax expense	(4.4)	10.2	(1.9)
Net income	13	(30.2)	5.5
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on AFS securities \| Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Gain (loss) on sales of AFS debt securities, net	$ 17.4	$ (40.4)	$ 7.4

Derivatives and Hedging Activ_3

Derivatives and Hedging Activities - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Derivative [Line Items]
Cumulative Fair Value Hedging Adjustment	$ (96)	$ 6
Cumulative basis adjustment	4
Collateral posted by this counterparty	117	216
Designated as Hedging Instrument
Derivative [Line Items]
Cumulative Fair Value Hedging Adjustment	500
Cumulative basis adjustment	78	19
Interest income related to amortization of cumulative basis adjustment	$ 8.9	$ 11.8

Derivatives and Hedging Activ_4

Derivatives and Hedging Activities - Schedule of Derivative Assets at Fair Value (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Carrying Value of Hedged Assets	$ 4,320	$ 3,875
Cumulative Fair Value Hedging Adjustment	(96)	6
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	53,676	50,297
Cumulative basis adjustment	$ 4
Hedged Asset, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs
Prepayable Fixed Rate Loans
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	$ 8,700	6,700
Designated as Hedging Instrument
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Cumulative Fair Value Hedging Adjustment	500
Portfolio layer method derivative instruments	4,000	3,500
Cumulative basis adjustment	$ 78	$ 19

Derivatives and Hedging Activ_5

Derivatives and Hedging Activities - Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) (Details) - Interest income - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Gain/(Loss) on Swaps	$ 99.7	$ (22.8)	$ 71.7
Gain/(Loss) on Hedged Item	$ (100.3)	$ 23.8	$ (71.6)

Derivatives and Hedging Activ_6

Derivatives and Hedging Activities - Schedule of Fair Value of the Company's Derivative Instruments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative, Notional Amount	$ 43,890	$ 29,912	$ 19,695
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset	260	260	36
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability	56	78	21
Derivative Instruments Not Designated as Hedging Instruments, Asset, at Fair Value	208	271	33
Derivative Instruments Not Designated as Hedging Instruments, Liability, at Fair Value	79	67	40
Designated as Hedging Instrument
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative, Notional Amount	4,344	3,895	476
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset	97	19	18
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability	0	24	0
Not Designated as Hedging Instrument
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative, Notional Amount	43,890	29,912	19,695
Derivative Instruments Not Designated as Hedging Instruments, Asset, at Fair Value	136	69	29
Derivative Instruments Not Designated as Hedging Instruments, Liability, at Fair Value	76	76	39
Notional Amount, Margin	0	0	0
Derivative Assets, Margin	72	202	4
Derivative Liabilities, Margin	3	(9)	1
Interest rate contracts
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset	106	31	18
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability	6	31	0
Interest rate contracts \| Designated as Hedging Instrument
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative, Notional Amount	4,344	3,895	476
Fair Value Hedge Assets	97	19	18
Fair Value Hedge Liabilities	0	24	0
Interest rate contracts \| Not Designated as Hedging Instrument
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative, Notional Amount	6,336	3,628	1,538
Derivative Instruments Not Designated as Hedging Instruments, Asset, at Fair Value	19	19	6
Derivative Instruments Not Designated as Hedging Instruments, Liability, at Fair Value	20	20	6
Foreign currency contracts
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset	1
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability	0	1	0
Foreign currency contracts \| Not Designated as Hedging Instrument
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative, Notional Amount	69	135	250
Derivative Instruments Not Designated as Hedging Instruments, Asset, at Fair Value	1	1	1
Derivative Instruments Not Designated as Hedging Instruments, Liability, at Fair Value	1	1	9
Forward contracts
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset	81	27	14
Derivative Liability, Fair Value, Gross Liability	47	55	20
Forward contracts \| Not Designated as Hedging Instrument
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative, Notional Amount	21,731	13,170	7,694
Derivative Instruments Not Designated as Hedging Instruments, Asset, at Fair Value	81	27	17
Derivative Instruments Not Designated as Hedging Instruments, Liability, at Fair Value	48	55	21
Futures purchase contracts \| Not Designated as Hedging Instrument
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative, Notional Amount	13,200	11,030	8,706
Derivative Instruments Not Designated as Hedging Instruments, Asset, at Fair Value	0	0	0
Derivative Instruments Not Designated as Hedging Instruments, Liability, at Fair Value	0	0	0
Interest rate lock commitments \| Not Designated as Hedging Instrument
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative, Notional Amount	2,396	1,822	1,459
Derivative Instruments Not Designated as Hedging Instruments, Asset, at Fair Value	5	18	5
Derivative Instruments Not Designated as Hedging Instruments, Liability, at Fair Value	7	0	3
Risk participation agreements \| Not Designated as Hedging Instrument
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative, Notional Amount	99	72	48
Derivative Instruments Not Designated as Hedging Instruments, Asset, at Fair Value	0	0	0
Derivative Instruments Not Designated as Hedging Instruments, Liability, at Fair Value	0	0	0
Equity warrants \| Not Designated as Hedging Instrument
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative, Notional Amount	59	55	0
Derivative Instruments Not Designated as Hedging Instruments, Asset, at Fair Value	30	4	0
Derivative Instruments Not Designated as Hedging Instruments, Liability, at Fair Value	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0

Derivatives and Hedging Activ_7

Derivatives and Hedging Activities - Fair Value After Master Netting Agreements (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset	$ 260	$ 260	$ 36
Derivative asset, subject to master netting arrangement, after offset	208	193	19
Derivative asset, collateral, obligation to return cash, offset	72	202	4
Derivative asset, subject to master netting arrangement, liability offset	(52)	(67)	(17)
Derivative liability, fair value	(56)	(78)	(21)
Derivative liability, subject to master netting arrangement, after offset	(4)	(11)	(4)
Derivative liability, collateral, right to reclaim cash, offset	(3)	9	(1)
Derivative liability, subject to master netting arrangement, asset offset	52	67	17
Derivative asset, not subject to master netting arrangement	45	30	15
Derivative liability, not subject to master netting arrangement	(23)	(13)	(19)
Derivative asset, fair value, gross asset including not subject to master netting arrangement	305	290	51
Derivative asset, fair value, offset against collateral, net of not subject to master netting arrangement	253	223	34
Derivative liability, fair value, gross liability including not subject to master netting arrangement	(79)	(91)	(40)
Derivative liability, fair value, offset against collateral, net of not subject to master netting arrangement	(27)	(24)	(23)
Forward contracts
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset	81	27	14
Derivative asset, subject to master netting arrangement, after offset	81	27	14
Derivative liability, fair value	(47)	(55)	(20)
Derivative liability, subject to master netting arrangement, after offset	(47)	(55)	(20)
Derivative asset, not subject to master netting arrangement	0
Derivative liability, not subject to master netting arrangement	(1)	0	(1)
Interest rate contracts
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset	106	31	18
Derivative asset, subject to master netting arrangement, after offset	106	31	18
Derivative liability, fair value	(6)	(31)	0
Derivative liability, subject to master netting arrangement, after offset	(6)	(31)	0
Derivative asset, not subject to master netting arrangement	10	7	6
Derivative liability, not subject to master netting arrangement	(14)	(13)	(6)
Foreign currency contracts
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative Asset, Fair Value, Gross Asset	1
Derivative asset, subject to master netting arrangement, after offset	1
Derivative liability, fair value	0	(1)	0
Derivative liability, subject to master netting arrangement, after offset	0	(1)	0
Derivative asset, not subject to master netting arrangement	0	1	1
Derivative liability, not subject to master netting arrangement	(1)	0	(9)
Interest rate lock commitments
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative asset, not subject to master netting arrangement	5	18	5
Derivative liability, not subject to master netting arrangement	(7)	$ 0	$ (3)
Equity warrants
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Derivative asset, not subject to master netting arrangement	$ 30

Derivatives and Hedging Activ_8

Derivatives and Hedging Activities - Net Gain (Loss) on Derivatives Included in Income (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Total change in fair value of derivatives	$ 58.1	$ 37
Net gain (loss) on loan origination and sale activities:
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Total change in fair value of derivatives	$ 58.1	$ 37
Derivative, Gain (Loss), Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]	Net gain on loan origination and sale activities	Net loan servicing revenue
Net loan servicing revenue:
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Total change in fair value of derivatives	$ (110.3)	$ (43.3)
Derivative, Gain (Loss), Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]	Net loan servicing revenue	Net loan servicing revenue
Forward contracts \| Net gain (loss) on loan origination and sale activities:
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Total change in fair value of derivatives	$ 84.8	$ 29
Forward contracts \| Net loan servicing revenue:
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Total change in fair value of derivatives	(43.9)	(15.4)
Interest rate lock commitments
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Total change in fair value of derivatives	(20)	15.9
Interest rate contracts \| Net gain (loss) on loan origination and sale activities:
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Total change in fair value of derivatives	(6.3)	(8.9)
Interest rate contracts \| Net loan servicing revenue:
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Total change in fair value of derivatives	(72.3)	(32.4)
Other contracts
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Total change in fair value of derivatives	(0.4)	1
Futures contracts
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Total change in fair value of derivatives	$ 5.9	$ 4.5

Earnings per Share (Details)

Earnings per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Weighted average shares - basic (shares)	108.6	108.3	107.2
Dilutive effect of stock award (shares)	0.7	0.2	0.4
Weighted average shares - diluted (shares)	109.3	108.5	107.6
Net income available to common stockholders	$ 774.9	$ 709.6	$ 1,044.5
Earnings per share:
Basic (dollars per share)	$ 7.14	$ 6.55	$ 9.74
Diluted (dollars per share)	$ 7.09	$ 6.54	$ 9.70

Income Taxes - Provision for In

Income Taxes - Provision for Income Tax (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Current	$ 191.1	$ 236.1	$ 327.4
Deferred	12.4	(24.9)	(68.6)
Total tax expense	$ 203.5	$ 211.2	$ 258.8

Income Taxes - Reconciliation B

Income Taxes - Reconciliation Between Statutory Federal Income Tax and Company's Effective Tax Rate (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income tax at statutory rate	$ 208.2	$ 196.1	$ 276.4
State income taxes, net of federal benefits	18.3	35	45.4
Non-deductible insurance premiums	31.1	24.1	5.2
Tax-exempt income	(31.3)	(28.3)	(26)
Investment tax credits	(19.7)	(13.2)	(32.1)
Other, net	(3.1)	(2.5)	(10.1)
Total tax expense	$ 203.5	$ 211.2	$ 258.8
Effective tax rate	20.50%	22.60%	19.70%

Income Taxes - Cumulative Tax E

Income Taxes - Cumulative Tax Effects of Temporary Differences (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Deferred tax assets:
Unrealized loss on AFS securities	$ 175,000	$ 170,000
Allowance for credit losses	109,000	96,000
Research and experimentation costs	41,000	32,000
Lease liability	41,000	46,000
Net operating loss carryovers	17,000	7,000
FDIC special assessment	13,000	17,000
Other	52,000	51,000
Total gross deferred tax assets	448,000	419,000
Deferred tax asset valuation allowance	0	0
Total deferred tax assets	448,000	419,000
Deferred tax liabilities:
Right of use asset	(33,000)	(37,000)
Mortgage servicing rights	(31,000)	(11,000)
Premises and equipment	(30,000)	(19,000)
Unearned premiums	(15,000)	(15,000)
Goodwill	(13,000)	(9,000)
Deferred loan costs	(12,000)	(11,000)
Leasing basis differences	(9,000)	(11,000)
Other	(24,000)	(19,000)
Total deferred tax liabilities	(167,000)	(132,000)
Deferred tax assets, net	$ 281,000	$ 287,000

Income Taxes - Additional Infor

Income Taxes - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Income Taxes - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Recognized net deferred tax asset	$ 281,000,000	$ 287,000,000
Deferred tax valuation allowance	0	0
Net operating loss carryovers	17,000,000	7,000,000
Unrecognized tax benefits, net	6,600,000	6,900,000
Reduction in unrecognized tax benefits	600,000
Interest and penalties	0	0	$ 0
Interest and penalties accrued	0	0
Investments in LIHTC and renewable energy	606,000,000	573,000,000
Investment-related liabilities	320,000,000	322,000,000
Tax credits related to LIHTC investments	77,600,000	64,100,000	57,200,000
Amortization of tax credit investments	75,200,000	64,300,000	$ 63,200,000
IRS
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
NOL carryovers	36,000,000
Net operating loss carryovers	$ 3,000,000
State and Local Jurisdiction
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
NOL carryovers		355,000,000
Net operating loss carryovers		$ 14,000,000

Income Taxes Gross Activity of

Income Taxes Gross Activity of Unrecognized Tax Benefits Related to Uncertain Tax Positions (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Unrecognized Tax Benefits [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ 7.9	$ 6.6
Tax positions in prior periods	0	0.4
Current period tax positions	0.3	0.9
Tax positions in prior periods	(0.5)	0
Ending balance	$ 7.7	$ 7.9

Commitments and Contingencies -

Commitments and Contingencies - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Loss contingency for unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit	$ 39.5	$ 31.6	$ 47
Other conditional commitments	$ 6	$ 32
Percentage of CRE loans occupied by owners	16%	16%
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment \| Loans Receivable \| Credit Concentration Risk
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Percent of commercial real estate related loans	30%	33%
Commercial and industrial \| Loans Receivable \| Credit Concentration Risk
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Percent of commercial real estate related loans	43%	38%
Unfunded Loan Commitment
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Loss contingency for unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit	$ 40	$ 32

Commitments and Contingencies_2

Commitments and Contingencies - Summary of Contractual Amounts for Unfunded Commitments and Letters of Credit (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Total amount	$ 14,568	$ 13,931
Commitments to extend credit
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Total amount	13,546	13,291
Unsecured loan commitments	860	989
Credit card commitments and financial guarantees
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Total amount	585	418
Letters of credit
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Total amount	437	222
Unsecured letters of credit	$ 2	$ 4

Commitments and Contingencies_3

Commitments and Contingencies - Contractual Commitments for Lines and Letters of Credit by Maturity (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Total Amounts Committed	$ 14,568	$ 13,931
Less Than 1 Year	4,062
1-3 Years	5,494
3-5 Years	2,416
After 5 Years	2,596
Commitments to extend credit
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Total Amounts Committed	13,546	13,291
Less Than 1 Year	3,298
1-3 Years	5,465
3-5 Years	2,279
After 5 Years	2,504
Credit card commitments and financial guarantees
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Total Amounts Committed	585	418
Less Than 1 Year	585
1-3 Years	0
3-5 Years	0
After 5 Years	0
Letters of credit
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Total Amounts Committed	437	$ 222
Less Than 1 Year	179
1-3 Years	29
3-5 Years	137
After 5 Years	$ 92

Fair Value Accounting - Additio

Fair Value Accounting - Additional Information (Detail)	12 Months Ended
Fair Value Accounting - Additional Information (Detail)	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Impaired loans with an allowance recorded	$ 46,000,000	$ 10,000,000
Other assets acquired through foreclosure	52,000,000	8,000,000
Other borrowings	5,573,000,000	7,230,000,000
Commitments and contingencies
Junior Subordinated Debt
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, measurement input	0.0743	0.0892
Percentage of LIBOR	4.31%	5.33%
Basis spread	3.12%	3.59%
Fair Value, Nonrecurring
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans HFI	$ 561,000,000	$ 379,000,000
Other assets acquired through foreclosure	52,000,000	8,000,000
Fair Value, Nonrecurring \| Estimate of Fair Value Measurement
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Other borrowings	5,545,000,000	7,192,000,000
Fair Value, Nonrecurring \| Estimate of Fair Value Measurement \| Letter of Credit
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Commitments and contingencies	0	0
Fair Value, Nonrecurring \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans HFI	561,000,000	379,000,000
Other assets acquired through foreclosure	52,000,000	8,000,000
Fair Value, Nonrecurring \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) \| Estimate of Fair Value Measurement
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Other borrowings	$ 0	$ 0

Fair Value Accounting - Gains a

Fair Value Accounting - Gains and Losses from Fair Value Changes Included in Consolidated Statement of Operations (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Unrealized (loss) gain on junior subordinated debt, net of tax effect of $0.5, $0.1, and $(1.2), respectively	$ (1.4)	$ (0.2)	$ 3.7
Junior Subordinated Debt
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Unrealized (losses) gains	$ (1.9)	$ (0.3)	$ 4.9

Fair Value Accounting - Fair Va

Fair Value Accounting - Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	$ 13,468	$ 11,165
Investment securities - equity	117	126
Loans serviced	1,127	1,124	$ 1,148
Junior subordinated debt	65	$ 63
Derivative Liability, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]		Other liabilities
Cumulative Fair Value Hedging Adjustment	(96)	$ 6
Residential MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	5,831	1,972
U.S. Treasury securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	4,383	4,853
Private label residential MBS
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	947	1,117
Tax-exempt
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	845	858
CLO
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	570	1,399
Commercial MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	437	530
Corporate debt securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	386	367
Other
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	69	69
CRA investments
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investment securities - equity	26	26
Preferred Stock
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investment securities - equity	91	100
Fair Value, Recurring
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	13,468	11,165
Investment securities - equity	117	126
Loans HFS	2,244	1,380
Loans serviced	1,127	1,124
Derivative assets	233	88
Derivative liabilities	76	100
Fair Value, Recurring \| CRA investments
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investment securities - equity	26	26
Fair Value, Recurring \| Preferred Stock
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investment securities - equity	91	100
Fair Value, Recurring \| Residential MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	5,831	1,972
Fair Value, Recurring \| U.S. Treasury securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	4,383	4,853
Fair Value, Recurring \| Private label residential MBS
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	947	1,117
Fair Value, Recurring \| Tax-exempt
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	845	858
Fair Value, Recurring \| CLO
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	570	1,399
Fair Value, Recurring \| Commercial MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	437	530
Fair Value, Recurring \| Corporate debt securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	386	367
Fair Value, Recurring \| Other
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	69	69
Fair Value, Recurring \| Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	4,385	4,881
Investment securities - equity	117	126
Loans HFS	0	0
Loans serviced	0	0
Derivative assets	0	0
Junior subordinated debt	0	0
Derivative liabilities	0	0
Margin, asset	72	202
Margin, liability	3	(9)
Fair Value, Recurring \| Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) \| CRA investments
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investment securities - equity	26	26
Fair Value, Recurring \| Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) \| Preferred Stock
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investment securities - equity	91	100
Fair Value, Recurring \| Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) \| Residential MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring \| Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) \| U.S. Treasury securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	4,383	4,853
Fair Value, Recurring \| Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) \| Private label residential MBS
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring \| Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) \| Tax-exempt
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring \| Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) \| CLO
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring \| Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) \| Commercial MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring \| Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) \| Corporate debt securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring \| Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) \| Other
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	2	28
Fair Value, Recurring \| Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	9,083	6,284
Investment securities - equity	0	0
Loans HFS	2,240	1,377
Loans serviced	0	0
Derivative assets	198	66
Junior subordinated debt	0	0
Derivative liabilities	69	100
Fair Value, Recurring \| Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) \| CRA investments
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investment securities - equity	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring \| Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) \| Preferred Stock
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investment securities - equity	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring \| Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) \| Residential MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	5,831	1,972
Fair Value, Recurring \| Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) \| U.S. Treasury securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring \| Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) \| Private label residential MBS
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	947	1,117
Fair Value, Recurring \| Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) \| Tax-exempt
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	845	858
Fair Value, Recurring \| Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) \| CLO
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	570	1,399
Fair Value, Recurring \| Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) \| Commercial MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	437	530
Fair Value, Recurring \| Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) \| Corporate debt securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	386	367
Fair Value, Recurring \| Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) \| Other
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	67	41
Fair Value, Recurring \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	0	0
Investment securities - equity	0	0
Loans HFS	4	3
Loans serviced	1,127	1,124
Derivative assets	35	22
Junior subordinated debt	65	63
Derivative liabilities	7	0
Fair Value, Recurring \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) \| CRA investments
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investment securities - equity	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) \| Preferred Stock
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investment securities - equity	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) \| Residential MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) \| U.S. Treasury securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) \| Private label residential MBS
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) \| Tax-exempt
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) \| CLO
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) \| Commercial MBS issued by GSEs and GNMA
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) \| Corporate debt securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) \| Other
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total AFS debt securities	$ 0	$ 0

Fair Value Accounting - Change

Fair Value Accounting - Change in Level 3 Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on Recurring Basis (Detail) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on junior subordinated debt, net of tax	$ (1.4)	$ (0.2)	$ 3.7
Qualifying debt	65	63
Fair Value, Recurring \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Qualifying debt	65	63
Junior Subordinated Debt
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Change in fair value	$ (1.9)	$ (0.3)	4.9
Debt Instrument, measurement input	0.0743	0.0892
Junior Subordinated Debt \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Qualifying debt	$ 65	$ 63
Junior Subordinated Debt \| Fair Value, Recurring
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	(62.8)	(62.5)	(67.4)
Ending balance	$ (64.7)	$ (62.8)	$ (62.5)

Fair Value Accounting - Chang_2

Fair Value Accounting - Change in Level 3 Assets Unobservable Inputs (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Mark to market adjustments	$ 0	$ 4
Servicing Contracts
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning of period	1,124	1,148
Purchases and additions	923	865
Sales and payments	(905)	(800)
Change in fair value	144	11
Mark to market adjustments		4
Realization of cash flows	(159)	(104)
Balance, end of period	1,127	1,124
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) for the period	71	19
Interest rate lock commitments
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning of period	18	2
Purchases and additions	18,896	15,434
Settlement of IRLCs upon acquisition or origination of loans HFS	(18,916)	(15,420)
Change in fair value		2
Balance, end of period	(2)	18
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) for the period	$ (2)	$ (18)

Fair Value Accounting - Unobser

Fair Value Accounting - Unobservable Inputs (Details)	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Minimum \| Option adjusted spread (in basis points)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
MSRs, measurement input	0.0021	0.0029
Minimum \| Conditional Prepayment Rate
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
MSRs, measurement input	0.084	0.095
Minimum \| Recapture rate
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
MSRs, measurement input	0.200	0.200
Minimum \| Servicing fee rate (in basis points)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
MSRs, measurement input	0.00250	0.00250
Minimum \| Cost to service
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
MSRs, measurement input	75	93
Minimum \| Servicing fee multiple
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
IRLCs, measurement input	4.3	3.2
Minimum \| Pull-through rate
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
IRLCs, measurement input	0.76	0.68
Minimum \| Third party appraisal \| Loans and Finance Receivables [Member] \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) \| Fair Value, Nonrecurring \| Valuation Technique, Collateral Method
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans HFI, measurement input	6%	6%
Minimum \| Third party appraisal \| Other Assets [Member] \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) \| Fair Value, Nonrecurring \| Valuation Technique, Collateral Method
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Other assets acquired through foreclosure, measurement input	1%	4%
Minimum \| Discount rate \| Loans and Finance Receivables [Member] \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) \| Fair Value, Nonrecurring \| Valuation Technique, Discounted Cash Flow
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans HFI, measurement input	3%	3%
Minimum \| Scheduled cash collections \| Loans and Finance Receivables [Member] \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) \| Fair Value, Nonrecurring \| Valuation Technique, Discounted Cash Flow
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans HFI, measurement input	0%	0%
Minimum \| Proceeds from non-real estate collateral \| Loans and Finance Receivables [Member] \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) \| Fair Value, Nonrecurring \| Valuation Technique, Discounted Cash Flow
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans HFI, measurement input	0%	0%
Maximum \| Option adjusted spread (in basis points)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
MSRs, measurement input	0.0315	0.0253
Maximum \| Conditional Prepayment Rate
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
MSRs, measurement input	0.190	0.239
Maximum \| Recapture rate
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
MSRs, measurement input	0.200	0.200
Maximum \| Servicing fee rate (in basis points)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
MSRs, measurement input	0.00565	0.00565
Maximum \| Cost to service
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
MSRs, measurement input	95	100
Maximum \| Servicing fee multiple
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
IRLCs, measurement input	6.4	5.4
Maximum \| Pull-through rate
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
IRLCs, measurement input	1	1
Maximum \| Third party appraisal \| Loans and Finance Receivables [Member] \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) \| Fair Value, Nonrecurring \| Valuation Technique, Collateral Method
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans HFI, measurement input	10%	10%
Maximum \| Third party appraisal \| Other Assets [Member] \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) \| Fair Value, Nonrecurring \| Valuation Technique, Collateral Method
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Other assets acquired through foreclosure, measurement input	6%	10%
Maximum \| Discount rate \| Loans and Finance Receivables [Member] \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) \| Fair Value, Nonrecurring \| Valuation Technique, Discounted Cash Flow
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans HFI, measurement input	8%	8%
Maximum \| Scheduled cash collections \| Loans and Finance Receivables [Member] \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) \| Fair Value, Nonrecurring \| Valuation Technique, Discounted Cash Flow
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans HFI, measurement input	20%	20%
Maximum \| Proceeds from non-real estate collateral \| Loans and Finance Receivables [Member] \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) \| Fair Value, Nonrecurring \| Valuation Technique, Discounted Cash Flow
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans HFI, measurement input	70%	70%
Weighted Average \| Option adjusted spread (in basis points)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
MSRs, measurement input	0.0237	0.0213
Weighted Average \| Conditional Prepayment Rate
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
MSRs, measurement input	0.140	0.174
Weighted Average \| Recapture rate
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
MSRs, measurement input	0.200	0.200
Weighted Average \| Servicing fee rate (in basis points)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
MSRs, measurement input	0.00364	0.00356
Weighted Average \| Cost to service
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
MSRs, measurement input	82	95
Weighted Average \| Servicing fee multiple
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
IRLCs, measurement input	5.3	4.3
Weighted Average \| Pull-through rate
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
IRLCs, measurement input	0.92	0.89

Fair Value Accounting - Aggrega

Fair Value Accounting - Aggregate Difference Between Fair Value and UPB for Fair Value Option Loans (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Fair Value, option, loans held as assets, current through 89 days	$ 2,244	$ 1,379
UPB, option, loans held as assets, current through 89 days	2,195	1,319
Fair value, option, loans held as assets, current through 89 days, aggregate difference	49	60
Fair Value, 90 days or more delinquent	0	1
UPB, op days or more delinquent	0	2
Aggregated difference, 90 days or more delinquent	0	(1)
Loans held-for-sale, fair value	2,244	1,380
Fair value option, aggregate difference	49	59
Fair Value, Recurring
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financing receivable, UPB	$ 2,195	$ 1,321

Fair Value Accounting - Assets

Fair Value Accounting - Assets Measured at Fair Value on Nonrecurring Basis (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Other assets acquired through foreclosure	$ 52	$ 8
Fair Value, Nonrecurring
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans HFI	561	379
Other assets acquired through foreclosure	52	8
Fair Value, Nonrecurring \| Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans HFI	0	0
Other assets acquired through foreclosure	0	0
Fair Value, Nonrecurring \| Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans HFI	0	0
Other assets acquired through foreclosure	0	0
Fair Value, Nonrecurring \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans HFI	561	379
Other assets acquired through foreclosure	$ 52	$ 8

Fair Value Accounting - Estimat

Fair Value Accounting - Estimated Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Financial assets
HTM	$ 1,526	$ 1,429
AFS	13,468	11,165
Investment securities - equity	117	$ 126
Derivative Asset, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]		Other assets
Loans HFS	2,286	$ 1,402
Net loans HFI	53,302	49,960
Mortgage servicing rights	1,127	1,124
Accrued interest receivable	5	5
Financial liabilities
Total deposits	66,341	55,333
Other borrowings	5,573	7,230
Qualifying debt	65	63
Fair Value, Nonrecurring \| Carrying Amount
Financial assets
HTM	1,526	1,429
Net loans HFI	53,302	49,960
Accrued interest receivable	362	370
Financial liabilities
Total deposits	66,341	55,333
Other borrowings	5,573	7,230
Qualifying debt	899	895
Accrued interest payable	138	151
Fair Value, Nonrecurring \| Estimate of Fair Value Measurement
Financial assets
HTM	1,309	1,251
Net loans HFI	53,070	46,877
Accrued interest receivable	362	370
Financial liabilities
Total deposits	66,393	55,379
Other borrowings	5,545	7,192
Qualifying debt	867	810
Accrued interest payable	138	151
Fair Value, Nonrecurring \| Estimate of Fair Value Measurement \| Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)
Financial assets
HTM	0	0
Net loans HFI	0	0
Accrued interest receivable	0	0
Financial liabilities
Total deposits	0	0
Other borrowings	0	0
Qualifying debt	0	0
Accrued interest payable	0	0
Fair Value, Nonrecurring \| Estimate of Fair Value Measurement \| Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Financial assets
HTM	1,309	1,251
Net loans HFI	0	0
Accrued interest receivable	362	370
Financial liabilities
Total deposits	66,393	55,379
Other borrowings	5,545	7,192
Qualifying debt	789	734
Accrued interest payable	138	151
Fair Value, Nonrecurring \| Estimate of Fair Value Measurement \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Financial assets
HTM	0	0
Net loans HFI	53,070	46,877
Accrued interest receivable	0	0
Financial liabilities
Total deposits	0	0
Other borrowings	0	0
Qualifying debt	78	76
Accrued interest payable	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring
Financial assets
AFS	13,468	11,165
Investment securities - equity	117	126
Derivative assets	233	88
Financial liabilities
Derivative liabilities	76	100
Fair Value, Recurring \| Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)
Financial assets
AFS	4,385	4,881
Investment securities - equity	117	126
Derivative assets	0	0
Financial liabilities
Qualifying debt	0	0
Derivative liabilities	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring \| Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Financial assets
AFS	9,083	6,284
Investment securities - equity	0	0
Derivative assets	198	66
Financial liabilities
Qualifying debt	0	0
Derivative liabilities	69	100
Fair Value, Recurring \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Financial assets
AFS	0	0
Investment securities - equity	0	0
Derivative assets	35	22
Financial liabilities
Qualifying debt	65	63
Derivative liabilities	7	0
Fair Value, Recurring \| Carrying Amount
Financial assets
AFS	13,468	11,165
Investment securities - equity	117	126
Derivative assets	233	84
Loans HFS	2,286	1,402
Mortgage servicing rights	1,127	1,124
Financial liabilities
Derivative liabilities	76	100
Fair Value, Recurring \| Estimate of Fair Value Measurement
Financial assets
AFS	13,468	11,165
Investment securities - equity	117	126
Derivative assets	233	88
Loans HFS	2,286	1,402
Mortgage servicing rights	1,127	1,124
Financial liabilities
Derivative liabilities	76	100
Fair Value, Recurring \| Estimate of Fair Value Measurement \| Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)
Financial assets
AFS	4,385	4,881
Investment securities - equity	117	126
Derivative assets	0	0
Loans HFS	0	0
Mortgage servicing rights	0	0
Financial liabilities
Derivative liabilities	0	0
Fair Value, Recurring \| Estimate of Fair Value Measurement \| Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Financial assets
AFS	9,083	6,284
Investment securities - equity	0	0
Derivative assets	198	66
Loans HFS	2,259	1,379
Mortgage servicing rights	0	0
Financial liabilities
Derivative liabilities	69	100
Fair Value, Recurring \| Estimate of Fair Value Measurement \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Financial assets
AFS	0	0
Investment securities - equity	0	0
Derivative assets	35	22
Loans HFS	27	23
Mortgage servicing rights	1,127	1,124
Financial liabilities
Derivative liabilities	$ 7	$ 0

Regulatory Capital Requiremen_3

Regulatory Capital Requirements - Summary of Actual Capital Amount and Ratio (Detail)	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Well-capitalized ratios	0.100	0.100
Minimum capital ratios	0.080	0.080
Well-capitalized ratios	0.080	0.080
Minimum capital ratios	0.060	0.060
Well-capitalized ratios	0.050	0.050
Well-capitalized ratios	$ 0.065	$ 0.065
Minimum capital ratios	0.040	0.040
Minimum capital ratios	$ 0.045	$ 0.045
WAL
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Total Capital	7,922,000,000	7,201,000,000
Tier 1 Capital	6,687,000,000	6,035,000,000
Risk-Weighted Assets	56,019,000,000	52,517,000,000
Tangible Average Assets	$ 82,691,000,000	$ 70,295,000,000
Total Capital Ratio	0.141	0.137
Tier 1 Capital Ratio	0.119	0.115
Tier 1 Leverage Ratio	0.081	0.086
Common Equity Tier 1	0.113	0.108
WAB
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Total Capital	$ 7,444,000,000	$ 6,802,000,000
Tier 1 Capital	6,803,000,000	6,229,000,000
Risk-Weighted Assets	55,983,000,000	52,508,000,000
Tangible Average Assets	$ 82,562,000,000	$ 70,347,000,000
Total Capital Ratio	0.133	0.130
Tier 1 Capital Ratio	0.122	0.119
Tier 1 Leverage Ratio	0.082	0.089
Common Equity Tier 1	0.122	0.119

Employee Benefit Plans (Details

Employee Benefit Plans (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Employee Benefit Plans (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Defined Contribution Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Deferred compensation	5%
Employer matching contribution percentage	100%
Employer contributions	$ 17,800,000	$ 17,700,000	$ 15,900,000
Projected benefit obligation	15,000,000	14,000,000
Net periodic benefit cost	1,200,000	$ 1,000,000
Qualified 401(k) Employee Benefit Plan, Participants Under 50
Defined Contribution Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Maximum compensation deferral	23,000
Qualified 401(k) Employee Benefit Plan, Participants Over 50
Defined Contribution Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Maximum compensation deferral	$ 30,500
Minimum
Defined Contribution Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Deferred compensation	1%
Age of plan participants	50 years
Maximum
Defined Contribution Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Deferred compensation	75%
Age of plan participants	59 years

Related Party Transactions (Det

Related Party Transactions (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Loans and Leases Receivable, Related Parties [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning	$ 0	$ 172
New loans	22	0
Advances	0	457
Repayments and other	0	(629)
Balance, ending	22	0	$ 172
Net loans HFI	53,302	49,960
Total deposits	66,341	55,333
Deposits	1,600.2	1,142.6	276.4
Deposit costs	693.2	436.7	165.8
Earnings credits or referral fees	20,700	17,800
Credit linked notes, net	422	446
Loan servicing fees	254.2	233.7
Loans serviced by related party	0	0	2,100
Other non-interest expense (1)	81.4	86.9	81.2
Related Party
Loans and Leases Receivable, Related Parties [Roll Forward]
Interest income	0.1	1.6	2.5
Loan purchases	0	27	914
Total deposits	159	62
Deposits	5.8	1.1	0.2
Deposit costs	0	2.6	1.9
Loan servicing fees	0	0.6	1.5
Other non-interest expense (1)	1	1	$ 1
Related Party \| Unfunded Loan Commitment
Loans and Leases Receivable, Related Parties [Roll Forward]
Net loans HFI	$ 82	$ 2

Parent Company Financial Info_3

Parent Company Financial Information - Parent Company Balance Sheet (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]
Investment securities - equity	$ 117	$ 126
Other assets	1,750	1,608
Total assets	80,934	70,862
Qualifying debt	899	895
Total liabilities	74,227	64,784
Total stockholders’ equity	6,707.5	6,078.4	$ 5,356	$ 4,962.6
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	80,934	70,862
WAL
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	180.5	140.3	$ 85.3	$ 79
Investment securities - equity	31	31
Investment in subsidiaries	7,096	6,513
Other assets	85	71
Total assets	7,393	6,755
Qualifying debt	674	671
Accrued interest and other liabilities	12	6
Total liabilities	686	677
Total stockholders’ equity	6,707	6,078
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$ 7,393	$ 6,755

Parent Company Financial Info_4

Parent Company Financial Information - Parent Company Condensed Income Statement (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]
Non-interest income (loss)	$ 543.2	$ 280.7	$ 324.6
Interest expense	1,922.2	1,696.4	475.5
Non-interest expense	2,025	1,623.4	1,156.7
Income tax benefit	(203.5)	(211.2)	(258.8)
Net income	787.7	722.4	1,057.3
Dividends on preferred stock	12.8	12.8	12.8
Net income available to common stockholders	774.9	709.6	1,044.5
WAL
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]
Dividends from subsidiaries	240	330	261.8
Interest income	2.7	2.9	3.8
Non-interest income (loss)	22.5	1.5	(0.9)
Total income	265.2	334.4	264.7
Interest expense	25.7	25.4	22.6
Non-interest expense	27.4	29.3	26.5
Total expense	53.1	54.7	49.1
Income before income taxes and equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries	212.1	279.7	215.6
Income tax benefit	6.1	10.3	11
Income before equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries	218.2	290	226.6
Equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries	569.5	432.4	830.7
Net income	$ 787.7	$ 722.4	$ 1,057.3

Parent Company Financial Info_5

Parent Company Financial Information - Parent Company Cash Flows (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]
Net income	$ 787.7	$ 722.4	$ 1,057.3
Other operating activities, net	(20.6)	(1.1)	2.2
Net cash provided by operating activities	(2,742)	(328.6)	2,245.3
Net cash used in investing activities	(5,967)	(2,159.1)	(13,130.1)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net	0.1	0.1	157.7
Cash dividends paid on common and preferred stock	176.8	171.5	166.2
Net cash provided by financing activities	11,228.5	3,020.4	11,411.8
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	2,519.5	532.7	527
WAL
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]
Net income	787.7	722.4	1,057.3
Equity in net undistributed earnings of subsidiaries	(569.5)	(432.4)	(830.7)
Change in fair value of assets and liabilities measured at fair value	(0.2)	(3.4)	8.7
Other operating activities, net	17.9	(1.8)	(16.8)
Net cash provided by operating activities	235.9	284.8	218.5
Purchases of securities	0	(153.9)	(0.4)
Principal pay downs, calls, maturities, and sales proceeds of securities	0	155.5	1.8
Capital contributions to subsidiaries	0	(50)	(193)
Other investing activities, net	(19)	(10)	(12.1)
Net cash used in investing activities	(19)	(58.4)	(203.7)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net	0.1	0.1	157.7
Cash dividends paid on common and preferred stock	176.8	171.5	166.2
Net cash provided by financing activities	(176.7)	(171.4)	(8.5)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	40.2	55	6.3
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 180.5	$ 140.3	$ 85.3	$ 79

Segments - Operating Segment In

Segments - Operating Segment Information (Detail) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($) Reportable_Business_Segments	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Operating Statistics [Line Items]
Reportable segments \| Reportable_Business_Segments	3
Goodwill assigned	100%
Cash, cash equivalents, and investment securities	$ 19,191	$ 14,288
Loans HFS	2,286	1,402
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	53,676	50,297
Less: allowance for credit losses	(373.8)	(336.7)	$ (309.7)
Net loans held for investment	53,302	49,960
Goodwill and intangible assets, net	659	669
Other assets	5,496	4,543
Total assets	80,934	70,862
Total deposits	66,341	55,333
Borrowings and qualifying debt	6,472	8,125
Other liabilities	1,414	1,326
Total liabilities	74,227	64,784
Total stockholders’ equity	6,707.5	6,078.4	5,356	$ 4,962.6
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	80,934	70,862
Excess funds provided (used)	0	0
Interest income	4,541.1	4,035.3	2,691.8
Interest expense	1,922.2	1,696.4	475.5
Funds transfer pricing	0	0	0
Net interest income	2,618.9	2,338.9	2,216.3
Provision for credit losses	145.9	62.6	68.1
Net interest income after provision for credit losses	2,473	2,276.3	2,148.2
Non-interest income (loss)	543.2	280.7	324.6
Salaries and employee benefits	631.1	566.3	539.5
Other non-interest expense	1,393.9	1,057.1	617.2
Income before provision for income taxes	991.2	933.6	1,316.1
Income tax expense	203.5	211.2	258.8
Net income	$ 787.7	722.4	1,057.3
Minimum
Operating Statistics [Line Items]
Equity capital allocation	0%
Maximum
Operating Statistics [Line Items]
Equity capital allocation	20%
Operating Segments \| Commercial
Operating Statistics [Line Items]
Cash, cash equivalents, and investment securities	$ 14	13
Loans HFS	0	0
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	31,544	29,136
Less: allowance for credit losses	(320)	(284)
Net loans held for investment	31,224	28,852
Goodwill and intangible assets, net	291	292
Other assets	367	398
Total assets	31,896	29,555
Total deposits	25,487	23,508
Borrowings and qualifying debt	15	7
Other liabilities	72	109
Total liabilities	25,574	23,624
Total stockholders’ equity	2,727	2,555
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	28,301	26,179
Excess funds provided (used)	(3,595)	(3,376)
Interest income	2,499.6	2,426.6	1,588.7
Interest expense	681.3	485.2	127.7
Funds transfer pricing	(650.7)	(554.2)	71.2
Net interest income	1,167.6	1,387.2	1,532.2
Provision for credit losses	136.2	38.3	47.2
Net interest income after provision for credit losses	1,031.4	1,348.9	1,485
Non-interest income (loss)	120.9	(23.4)	59.7
Salaries and employee benefits	135.6	149.7	115.1
Other non-interest expense	486.1	430.7	350.8
Income before provision for income taxes	530.6	745.1	1,078.8
Income tax expense	109.4	174.8	256.5
Net income	421.2	570.3	822.3
Operating Segments \| Consumer Related
Operating Statistics [Line Items]
Cash, cash equivalents, and investment securities	0	125
Loans HFS	2,286	1,402
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	22,132	21,161
Less: allowance for credit losses	(54)	(53)
Net loans held for investment	22,078	21,108
Goodwill and intangible assets, net	368	377
Other assets	1,923	1,826
Total assets	26,655	24,838
Total deposits	33,767	25,101
Borrowings and qualifying debt	37	402
Other liabilities	476	338
Total liabilities	34,280	25,841
Total stockholders’ equity	1,899	1,790
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	36,179	27,631
Excess funds provided (used)	9,524	2,793
Interest income	1,083.4	960.3	811.9
Interest expense	611.6	417.9	77.8
Funds transfer pricing	994.2	358.3	122.6
Net interest income	1,466	900.6	856.7
Provision for credit losses	2.2	3.3	21.1
Net interest income after provision for credit losses	1,463.8	897.3	835.6
Non-interest income (loss)	354.3	287	247.3
Salaries and employee benefits	132.6	125.8	173.8
Other non-interest expense	1,228.3	799.3	456.6
Income before provision for income taxes	457.2	259.2	452.5
Income tax expense	90.7	59.5	107.7
Net income	366.5	199.7	344.8
Operating Segments \| Corporate & Other
Operating Statistics [Line Items]
Cash, cash equivalents, and investment securities	19,177	14,150
Loans HFS	0	0
Loans HFI, net of deferred fees and costs	0	0
Less: allowance for credit losses	0	0
Net loans held for investment	0	0
Goodwill and intangible assets, net	0	0
Other assets	3,206	2,319
Total assets	22,383	16,469
Total deposits	7,087	6,724
Borrowings and qualifying debt	6,420	7,716
Other liabilities	866	879
Total liabilities	14,373	15,319
Total stockholders’ equity	2,081	1,733
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	16,454	17,052
Excess funds provided (used)	(5,929)	583
Interest income	958.1	648.4	291.2
Interest expense	629.3	793.3	270
Funds transfer pricing	(343.5)	195.9	(193.8)
Net interest income	(14.7)	51.1	(172.6)
Provision for credit losses	7.5	21	(0.2)
Net interest income after provision for credit losses	(22.2)	30.1	(172.4)
Non-interest income (loss)	68	17.1	17.6
Salaries and employee benefits	362.9	290.8	250.6
Other non-interest expense	(320.5)	(172.9)	(190.2)
Income before provision for income taxes	3.4	(70.7)	(215.2)
Income tax expense	3.4	(23.1)	(105.4)
Net income	$ 0	$ (47.6)	$ (109.8)

Revenue from Contracts with C_2

Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Revenue from contracts with customers	$ 68	$ 98.6	$ 44.1