INVESTMENTS | a) Fixed Maturities and Equities The amortized cost or cost and fair values of our fixed maturities and equities were as follows: Amortized Cost or Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Non-credit OTTI in AOCI (5) At June 30, 2016 Fixed maturities U.S. government and agency $ 1,484,802 $ 32,471 $ (1,895 ) $ 1,515,378 $ — Non-U.S. government 691,649 5,178 (54,012 ) 642,815 — Corporate debt 4,366,370 83,692 (47,771 ) 4,402,291 — Agency RMBS (1) 2,328,647 55,587 (652 ) 2,383,582 — CMBS (2) 1,060,897 22,727 (2,589 ) 1,081,035 — Non-Agency RMBS 85,450 1,594 (1,686 ) 85,358 (831 ) ABS (3) 1,307,495 2,590 (12,195 ) 1,297,890 — Municipals (4) 149,983 5,371 (487 ) 154,867 — Total fixed maturities $ 11,475,293 $ 209,210 $ (121,287 ) $ 11,563,216 $ (831 ) Equity securities Common stocks $ 379 $ 26 $ (318 ) $ 87 Exchange-traded funds 467,032 28,412 (4,125 ) 491,319 Bond mutual funds 133,909 1,056 — 134,965 Total equity securities $ 601,320 $ 29,494 $ (4,443 ) $ 626,371 At December 31, 2015 Fixed maturities U.S. government and agency $ 1,673,617 $ 1,545 $ (23,213 ) $ 1,651,949 $ — Non-U.S. government 809,025 2,312 (72,332 ) 739,005 — Corporate debt 4,442,315 16,740 (96,286 ) 4,362,769 — Agency RMBS (1) 2,236,138 22,773 (9,675 ) 2,249,236 — CMBS (2) 1,088,595 3,885 (9,182 ) 1,083,298 — Non-Agency RMBS 99,989 1,992 (973 ) 101,008 (875 ) ABS (3) 1,387,919 952 (17,601 ) 1,371,270 — Municipals (4) 160,041 2,319 (1,146 ) 161,214 — Total fixed maturities $ 11,897,639 $ 52,518 $ (230,408 ) $ 11,719,749 $ (875 ) Equity securities Common stocks $ — $ — $ — $ — Exchange-traded funds 447,524 31,211 (4,762 ) 473,973 Bond mutual funds 128,252 — (4,227 ) 124,025 Total equity securities $ 575,776 $ 31,211 $ (8,989 ) $ 597,998 (1) Residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBS) originated by U.S. agencies. (2) Commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS). (3) Asset-backed securities (ABS) include debt tranched securities collateralized primarily by auto loans, student loans, credit cards, and other asset types. This asset class also includes collateralized loan obligations (CLOs) and collateralized debt obligations (CDOs). (4) Municipals include bonds issued by states, municipalities and political subdivisions. (5) Represents the non-credit component of the other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) losses, adjusted for subsequent sales of securities. It does not include the change in fair value subsequent to the impairment measurement date. In the normal course of investing activities, we actively manage allocations to non-controlling tranches of structured securities (variable interests) issued by VIEs. These structured securities include RMBS, CMBS and ABS and are included in the above table. Additionally, within our other investments portfolio, we also invest in limited partnerships (hedge funds, direct lending funds, real estate funds and private equity funds) and CLO equity tranched securities, which are all variable interests issued by VIEs (see Note 3(c)). For these variable interests, we do not have the power to direct the activities that are most significant to the economic performance of the VIEs and accordingly we are not the primary beneficiary for any of these VIEs. Our maximum exposure to loss on these interests is limited to the amount of our investment. We have not provided financial or other support with respect to these structured securities other than our original investment. Contractual Maturities The contractual maturities of fixed maturities are shown below. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Amortized Cost Fair Value % of Total Fair Value At June 30, 2016 Maturity Due in one year or less $ 328,830 $ 320,923 2.9 % Due after one year through five years 3,778,226 3,773,989 32.6 % Due after five years through ten years 2,260,438 2,286,068 19.8 % Due after ten years 325,310 334,371 2.9 % 6,692,804 6,715,351 58.2 % Agency RMBS 2,328,647 2,383,582 20.6 % CMBS 1,060,897 1,081,035 9.3 % Non-Agency RMBS 85,450 85,358 0.7 % ABS 1,307,495 1,297,890 11.2 % Total $ 11,475,293 $ 11,563,216 100.0 % At December 31, 2015 Maturity Due in one year or less $ 291,368 $ 289,571 2.5 % Due after one year through five years 4,217,515 4,142,802 35.3 % Due after five years through ten years 2,263,684 2,181,525 18.6 % Due after ten years 312,431 301,039 2.6 % 7,084,998 6,914,937 59.0 % Agency RMBS 2,236,138 2,249,236 19.2 % CMBS 1,088,595 1,083,298 9.2 % Non-Agency RMBS 99,989 101,008 0.9 % ABS 1,387,919 1,371,270 11.7 % Total $ 11,897,639 $ 11,719,749 100.0 % Gross Unrealized Losses The following table summarizes fixed maturities and equities in an unrealized loss position and the aggregate fair value and gross unrealized loss by length of time the security has continuously been in an unrealized loss position: 12 months or greater Less than 12 months Total Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses At June 30, 2016 Fixed maturities U.S. government and agency $ 66,551 $ (1,864 ) $ 80,664 $ (31 ) $ 147,215 $ (1,895 ) Non-U.S. government 127,388 (36,001 ) 271,036 (18,011 ) 398,424 (54,012 ) Corporate debt 342,184 (28,316 ) 673,041 (19,455 ) 1,015,225 (47,771 ) Agency RMBS 74,590 (449 ) 54,383 (203 ) 128,973 (652 ) CMBS 113,021 (1,573 ) 230,571 (1,016 ) 343,592 (2,589 ) Non-Agency RMBS 10,366 (331 ) 11,773 (1,355 ) 22,139 (1,686 ) ABS 765,201 (10,568 ) 215,552 (1,627 ) 980,753 (12,195 ) Municipals 14,954 (479 ) 2,402 (8 ) 17,356 (487 ) Total fixed maturities $ 1,514,255 $ (79,581 ) $ 1,539,422 $ (41,706 ) $ 3,053,677 $ (121,287 ) Equity securities Common stocks $ — $ — $ 61 $ (318 ) $ 61 $ (318 ) Exchange-traded funds 5,337 (327 ) 86,292 (3,798 ) 91,629 (4,125 ) Bond mutual funds — — — — — — Total equity securities $ 5,337 $ (327 ) $ 86,353 $ (4,116 ) $ 91,690 $ (4,443 ) At December 31, 2015 Fixed maturities U.S. government and agency $ 84,179 $ (7,622 ) $ 1,474,202 $ (15,591 ) $ 1,558,381 $ (23,213 ) Non-U.S. government 170,269 (50,841 ) 317,693 (21,491 ) 487,962 (72,332 ) Corporate debt 340,831 (33,441 ) 2,845,375 (62,845 ) 3,186,206 (96,286 ) Agency RMBS 64,792 (1,609 ) 1,073,566 (8,066 ) 1,138,358 (9,675 ) CMBS 75,627 (1,579 ) 659,480 (7,603 ) 735,107 (9,182 ) Non-Agency RMBS 5,283 (210 ) 43,199 (763 ) 48,482 (973 ) ABS 562,599 (11,158 ) 667,448 (6,443 ) 1,230,047 (17,601 ) Municipals 14,214 (310 ) 64,104 (836 ) 78,318 (1,146 ) Total fixed maturities $ 1,317,794 $ (106,770 ) $ 7,145,067 $ (123,638 ) $ 8,462,861 $ (230,408 ) Equity securities Common stocks $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Exchange-traded funds 2,331 (313 ) 110,972 (4,449 ) 113,303 (4,762 ) Bond mutual funds — — 124,025 (4,227 ) 124,025 (4,227 ) Total equity securities $ 2,331 $ (313 ) $ 234,997 $ (8,676 ) $ 237,328 $ (8,989 ) Fixed Maturities At June 30, 2016 , 1,115 fixed maturities ( 2015 : 2,314 ) were in an unrealized loss position of $121 million ( 2015 : $230 million ), of which $21 million ( 2015 : $39 million ) was related to securities below investment grade or not rated. At June 30, 2016 , 429 ( 2015 : 383 ) securities had been in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or greater and had a fair value of $1,514 million ( 2015 : $1,318 million ). Following our credit impairment review, we concluded that these securities as well as the remaining securities in an unrealized loss position in the above table were temporarily impaired at June 30, 2016 , and were expected to recover in value as the securities approach maturity. Further, at June 30, 2016 , we did not intend to sell these securities in an unrealized loss position and it is more likely than not that we will not be required to sell these securities before the anticipated recovery of their amortized costs. Equity Securities At June 30, 2016 , 29 securities ( 2015 : 35 ) were in an unrealized loss position of $4 million ( 2015 : $9 million ). At June 30, 2016 , 11 securities ( 2015 : 1 ) were in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or greater. Based on our impairment review process and our ability and intent to hold these securities for a reasonable period of time sufficient for a full recovery, we concluded that the above equities in an unrealized loss position were temporarily impaired at June 30, 2016 . b) Mortgage Loans The following table provides a breakdown of our mortgage loans held-for-investment: June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Carrying Value % of Total Carrying Value % of Total Mortgage Loans held-for-investment: Commercial $ 327,315 100 % $ 206,277 100 % 327,315 100 % 206,277 100 % Valuation allowances — — % — — % Total Mortgage Loans held-for-investment $ 327,315 100 % $ 206,277 100 % For commercial mortgage loans, the primary credit quality indicator is the debt service coverage ratio (which compares a property’s net operating income to amounts needed to service the principal and interest due under the loan, generally, the lower the debt service coverage ratio, the higher the risk of experiencing a credit loss) and the loan-to-value ratio (loan-to-value ratios compare the unpaid principal balance of the loan to the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral, generally, the higher the loan-to-value ratio, the higher the risk of experiencing a credit loss). The debt service coverage ratio and loan-to-value ratio, as well as the values utilized in calculating these ratios, are updated annually, on a rolling basis. We have a high quality mortgage portfolio with debt service coverage ratios in excess of 1.3 x and loan-to-value ratios of less than 65% ; there are no credit losses associated with the commercial mortgage loans that we hold at June 30, 2016 . There are no past due amounts at June 30, 2016 . c) Other Investments The following table provides a breakdown of our investments in hedge funds, direct lending funds, private equity funds, real estate funds, CLO Equities and other privately held investments, together with additional information relating to the liquidity of each category: Fair Value Redemption Frequency (if currently eligible) Redemption Notice Period At June 30, 2016 Long/short equity funds $ 126,579 15 % Quarterly, Semi-annually, Annually 45-60 days Multi-strategy funds 314,687 36 % Quarterly, Semi-annually 60-95 days Event-driven funds 90,902 11 % Quarterly, Annually 45-60 days Leveraged bank loan funds 65 — % n/a n/a Direct lending funds 120,962 14 % n/a n/a Private equity funds 93,722 11 % n/a n/a Real estate funds 10,851 1 % n/a n/a CLO - Equities 65,883 7 % n/a n/a Other privately held investments 41,755 5 % n/a n/a Total other investments $ 865,406 100 % At December 31, 2015 Long/short equity funds $ 154,348 19 % Quarterly, Semi-annually, Annually 45-60 days Multi-strategy funds 355,073 43 % Quarterly, Semi-annually 60-95 days Event-driven funds 147,287 18 % Quarterly, Annually 45-60 days Leveraged bank loan funds 65 — % n/a n/a Direct lending funds 90,120 11 % n/a n/a Private equity funds — — % n/a n/a Real estate funds 4,929 1 % n/a n/a CLO - Equities 64,934 8 % n/a n/a Other privately held investments — — % n/a n/a Total other investments $ 816,756 100 % n/a - not applicable The investment strategies for the above funds are as follows: • Long/short equity funds : Seek to achieve attractive returns primarily by executing an equity trading strategy involving both long and short investments in publicly-traded equities. • Multi-strategy funds : Seek to achieve above-market returns by pursuing multiple investment strategies to diversify risks and reduce volatility. This category includes funds of hedge funds which invest in a large pool of hedge funds across a diversified range of hedge fund strategies. • Event-driven funds : Seek to achieve attractive returns by exploiting situations where announced or anticipated events create opportunities. • Leveraged bank loan funds : Seek to achieve attractive returns by investing primarily in bank loan collateral that has limited interest rate risk exposure. • Direct lending funds : Seek to achieve attractive risk-adjusted returns, including current income generation, by investing in funds which provide financing directly to borrowers. • Real estate funds : Seek to achieve attractive risk-adjusted returns by making and managing investments in real estate and real estate securities and businesses. • Private equity funds : Seek to achieve attractive risk-adjusted returns by investing in private transactions over the course of several years. Two common redemption restrictions which may impact our ability to redeem our hedge funds are gates and lockups. A gate is a suspension of redemptions which may be implemented by the general partner or investment manager of the fund in order to defer, in whole or in part, the redemption request in the event the aggregate amount of redemption requests exceeds a predetermined percentage of the fund's net assets which may otherwise hinder the general partner or investment manager's ability to liquidate holdings in an orderly fashion in order to generate the cash necessary to fund extraordinarily large redemption payouts. A lockup period is the initial amount of time an investor is contractually required to hold the security before having the ability to redeem. During 2016 and 2015 , neither of these restrictions impacted our redemption requests. At June 30, 2016 , $82 million ( 2015 : $66 million ), representing 15% ( 2015 : 10% ) of our total hedge funds, relate to holdings where we are still within the lockup period. The expiration of these lockup periods range from September 2016 to March 2019. At June 30, 2016 , we have $192 million ( 2015 : $222 million ) of unfunded commitments within our other investments portfolio relating to our future investments in direct lending funds. Once the full amount of committed capital has been called by the General Partner of each of these funds, the assets will not be fully returned until the completion of the fund's investment term. These funds have investment terms ranging from 5 - 10 years and the General Partners of certain funds have the option to extend the term by up to three years. At June 30, 2016 , we have $12 million ( 2015 : $12 million ) of unfunded commitments as a limited partner in a multi-strategy hedge fund. Once the full amount of committed capital has been called by the General Partner, the assets will not be fully returned until the completion of the fund's investment term which ends in March, 2019. The General Partner then has the option to extend the term by up to three years. At June 30, 2016 , we have $90 million ( 2015 : $95 million ) of unfunded commitments as a limited partner in a fund which invests in real estate and real estate securities and businesses. The fund is subject to a three year commitment period and a total fund life of eight years during which time we are not eligible to redeem our investment. During 2016, we made a $135 million commitment as a limited partner in a private equity fund. At June 30, 2016 , $41 million of our commitment remains unfunded and the current fair value of the funds called to date are included in the private equity funds line of the table above. The fund invests in underlying private equity funds and the life of the fund is subject to the dissolution of the underlying funds. We expect the overall holding period to be over ten years. During 2015, we made a $50 million commitment as a limited partner of a bank revolver opportunity fund. The fund is subject to an investment term of seven years and the General Partners have the option to extend the term by up to two years. At June 30, 2016 , this commitment remains unfunded. It is not anticipated that the full amount of this fund will be drawn. d) Equity Method Investments During 2016, we paid $104 million including direct transaction costs to acquire 18% of the common equity of Harrington Reinsurance Holdings Limited ("Harrington"), the parent company of Harrington Re Ltd. ("Harrington Re"), an independent reinsurance company jointly sponsored by AXIS Capital and The Blackstone Group L.P. ("Blackstone"). Through long-term service agreements, AXIS Capital will serve as Harrington Re's reinsurance underwriting manager and Blackstone will serve as exclusive investment management service provider. As an investor, we expect to benefit from underwriting profit generated by Harrington Re and the income and capital appreciation Blackstone seeks to deliver through its investment management services. In addition, we have entered into an arrangement with Blackstone under which underwriting and investment related fees will be shared equally. Harrington is not a variable interest entity and given that we have significant influence we account for our ownership in Harrington under the equity method of accounting. The Company also has investments in other equity method investments with a carrying value of $10 million . e) Net Investment Income Net investment income was derived from the following sources: Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30, 2016 2015 2016 2015 Fixed maturities $ 77,621 $ 77,998 $ 153,596 $ 144,086 Other investments 14,401 14,102 (12,477 ) 45,037 Equity securities 3,065 2,674 8,210 4,350 Mortgage loans 1,807 281 3,492 294 Cash and cash equivalents 1,868 1,678 3,303 2,777 Short-term investments 165 125 371 194 Gross investment income 98,927 96,858 156,495 196,738 Investment expenses (7,197 ) (8,314 ) (15,599 ) (16,087 ) Net investment income $ 91,730 $ 88,544 $ 140,896 $ 180,651 f) Net Realized Investment Losses The following table provides an analysis of net realized investment losses: Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30, 2016 2015 2016 2015 Gross realized gains Fixed maturities and short-term investments $ 25,458 $ 17,066 $ 41,622 $ 32,727 Equities 9,693 177 13,234 215 Gross realized gains 35,151 17,243 54,856 32,942 Gross realized losses Fixed maturities and short-term investments (9,617 ) (13,474 ) (68,794 ) (56,565 ) Equities (559 ) (270 ) (15,347 ) (394 ) Gross realized losses (10,176 ) (13,744 ) (84,141 ) (56,959 ) Net OTTI recognized in earnings (6,369 ) (12,893 ) (16,099 ) (30,461 ) Change in fair value of investment derivatives (1) 2,404 (1,716 ) (116 ) 816 Net realized investment gains (losses) $ 21,010 $ (11,110 ) $ (45,500 ) $ (53,662 ) (1) Refer to Note 5 – Derivative Instruments The following table summarizes the OTTI recognized in earnings by asset class: Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30, 2016 2015 2016 2015 Fixed maturities: Non-U.S. government $ 497 $ — $ 497 $ 1,422 Corporate debt 5,872 1,689 13,042 17,808 Non-Agency RMBS — — — 4 ABS — 18 — 41 6,369 1,707 13,539 19,275 Equity Securities Exchange-traded funds — — 2,560 — Bond mutual funds — 11,186 — 11,186 — 11,186 2,560 11,186 Total OTTI recognized in earnings $ 6,369 $ 12,893 $ 16,099 $ 30,461 The following table provides a roll forward of the credit losses, before income taxes, for which a portion of the OTTI was recognized in AOCI: Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30, 2016 2015 2016 2015 Balance at beginning of period $ 1,506 $ 1,541 $ 1,506 $ 1,531 Credit impairments recognized on securities not previously impaired — — — — Additional credit impairments recognized on securities previously impaired 7 23 7 33 Change in timing of future cash flows on securities previously impaired — — — — Intent to sell of securities previously impaired — — — — Securities sold/redeemed/matured — — — — Balance at end of period $ 1,513 $ 1,564 $ 1,513 $ 1,564 g) Reverse Repurchase Agreements At June 30, 2016 , we held no reverse repurchase agreements ( 2015 : $ 30 million ). These loans are fully collateralized, are generally outstanding for a short period of time and are presented on a gross basis as part of cash and cash equivalents on our consolidated balance sheet. The required collateral for these loans is either cash or U.S. Treasuries at a minimum rate of 102% of the loan principal. Upon maturity, we receive principal and interest income. We monitor the estimated fair value of the securities loaned and borrowed on a daily basis with additional collateral obtained as necessary throughout the duration of the transaction. |