ModivCare (MODV) 10-K 1 Mar 19 2018 FY Annual report Financial data

Document And Entity Information

Document And Entity Information - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Feb. 22, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018
Document And Entity Information
Entity Registrant Name	PROVIDENCE SERVICE CORP
Entity Central Index Key	1,220,754
Trading Symbol	prsc
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	Yes
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding (in shares)		12,833,846
Entity Public Float			$ 904.9
Document Type	10-K
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2018
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2,018
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Amendment Flag	false
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false

Consolidated Balance Sheets

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 5,678	$ 52,798
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $1,854 in 2018 and $5,262 in 2017	147,756	110,208
Other receivables	4,846	5,749
Prepaid expenses and other	44,167	22,459
Restricted cash	1,482	1,091
Current assets of discontinued operations	7,051	104,024
Total current assets	210,980	296,329
Property and equipment, net	22,965	37,672
Goodwill	135,216	95,215
Intangible assets, net	26,146	14,165
Equity investments	161,503	169,699
Other assets	9,949	11,977
Restricted cash, less current portion	2,886	5,205
Deferred tax asset	2,601	0
Noncurrent assets of discontinued operations	0	73,828
Total assets	572,246	704,090
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term obligations	718	2,400
Accounts payable	8,828	318
Accrued expenses	39,191	71,643
Accrued transportation costs	84,889	83,588
Deferred revenue	562	3,019
Reinsurance and related liability reserves	5,438	4,319
Current liabilities of discontinued operations	3,257	61,643
Total current liabilities	142,883	226,930
Long-term obligations, less current portion	353	584
Other long-term liabilities	14,970	16,216
Deferred tax liabilities	25,650	39,232
Noncurrent liabilities of discontinued operations	0	7,565
Total liabilities	183,856	290,527
Commitments and contingencies (Note 20)
Stockholders’ equity
Common stock: Authorized 40,000,000 shares; $0.001 par value; 17,784,769 and 17,473,598 issued and outstanding (including treasury shares)	18	17
Additional paid-in capital	334,744	313,955
Retained earnings	187,127	204,818
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax	0	(25,805)
Treasury shares, at cost, 4,970,093 and 4,126,132 shares	(210,891)	(154,803)
Total Providence stockholders’ equity	310,998	338,182
Noncontrolling interest	0	(2,165)
Total stockholders’ equity	310,998	336,017
Total liabilities, redeemable convertible preferred stock and stockholders’ equity	572,246	704,090
Convertible Preferred Stock
Redeemable convertible preferred stock
Convertible preferred stock, net: Authorized 10,000,000 shares; $0.001 par value; 801,606 and 803,200 issued and outstanding; 5.5%/8.5% dividend rate	$ 77,392	$ 77,546

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Pa

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Accounts receivable allowance	$ 1,854	$ 5,262
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	40,000,000	40,000,000
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	17,784,769	17,473,598
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	17,784,769	17,473,598
Treasury shares, shares (in shares)	4,970,093	4,126,132
Convertible Preferred Stock
Convertible Preferred Stock, Shares Authorized (in shares)	10,000,000	10,000,000
Convertible Preferred Stock, Par Value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Convertible Preferred Stock, Shares Issued (in shares)	801,606	803,200
Convertible Preferred Stock, Shares Outstanding (in shares)	801,606	803,200
Convertible Preferred Stock | Cash Dividends
Convertible Preferred Stock, Dividend Rate	5.50%	8.50%

Consolidated Statements of Inco

Consolidated Statements of Income - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Income Statement [Abstract]
Service revenue, net	$ 1,384,965	$ 1,318,220	$ 1,233,842
Operating expenses:
Service expense	1,284,603	1,223,627	1,131,963
General and administrative expense	46,098	43,491	39,527
Asset impairment charge	14,175	0	1,415
Depreciation and amortization	15,813	13,618	12,780
Total operating expenses	1,360,689	1,280,736	1,185,685
Operating income	24,276	37,484	48,157
Other expenses:
Interest expense, net	1,783	1,204	1,515
Other income	0	(5,363)	0
Equity in net loss (gain) of investees	6,158	(13,445)	1,789
Gain on remeasurement of cost method investment	(6,577)	0	0
Income from continuing operations before income taxes	22,912	55,088	44,853
Provision for income taxes	4,684	4,003	17,972
Income from continuing operations, net of tax	18,228	51,085	26,881
(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax	(37,053)	2,735	62,965
Net (loss) income	(18,825)	53,820	89,846
Net (income) loss from discontinued operations attributable to noncontrolling interest	(156)	(451)	2,082
Net (loss) income attributable to Providence	(18,981)	53,369	91,928
Net (loss) income available to common stockholders (Note 16)	$ (25,257)	$ 42,636	$ 76,940
Basic (loss) earnings per common share:
Continuing operations (in dollars per share)	$ 0.92	$ 2.99	$ 1.35
Discontinued operations (in dollars per share)	(2.87)	0.15	3.90
Basic earnings per common share (in dollars per share)	$ (1.95)	$ 3.14	$ 5.25
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding:
Basic (in shares)	12,960,837	13,602,140	14,666,896
Diluted (in shares)	13,033,247	13,673,314	14,779,398
Diluted (loss) earnings per common share:
Continuing operations (in dollars per share)	$ 0.92	$ 2.97	$ 1.34
Discontinued operations (in dollars per share)	(2.86)	0.15	3.87
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share (in dollars per share)	$ (1.94)	$ 3.12	$ 5.21

Consolidated Statements of Comp

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net (loss) income	$ (18,825)	$ 53,820	$ 89,846
Net (income) loss from discontinued operations attributable to noncontrolling interest	(156)	(451)	2,082
Net (loss) income attributable to Providence	(18,981)	53,369	91,928
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax	(4,168)	7,117	(16,618)
Reclassification of translation loss realized upon sale of subsidiaries in 2018 and equity investment in 2017	29,973	527	0
Other comprehensive income (loss)	25,805	7,644	(16,618)
Comprehensive income	6,980	61,464	73,228
Comprehensive (income) loss from discontinued operations attributable to noncontrolling interest	(2,165)	(255)	1,968
Comprehensive income attributable to Providence	$ 4,815	$ 61,209	$ 75,196

Consolidated Statements of Stoc

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Additional Paid-In	Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit)	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net of Tax	Treasury Stock	Non-Controlling Interest
Beginning Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2015		17,186,780				1,895,998
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2015	$ 290,132	$ 17	$ 293,012	$ 69,209	$ (16,831)	$ (54,823)	$ (452)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Stock-based compensation	5,154		5,154
Exercise of employee stock options, including net tax benefit (in shares)		105,788
Exercise of employee stock options	3,832		3,832
Restricted stock issued (in shares)		22,793				2,736
Restricted stock issued	(130)					$ (130)
Stock repurchase (in shares)						1,579,942
Stock repurchase plan	(70,248)					$ (70,248)
Conversion of convertible preferred stock to common stock (in shares)		300
Conversion of convertible preferred stock to common stock	12		12
Convertible preferred stock dividends	(4,419)			(4,419)
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax	(16,504)				(16,618)		114
Reclassification of translation loss realized upon sale of equity investments	0
Noncontrolling interest	(2,082)						(2,082)
Net income (loss) attributable to Providence	91,928			91,928
Ending Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2016		17,315,661				3,478,676
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2016	297,675	$ 17	302,010	156,718	(33,449)	$ (125,201)	(2,420)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Cumulative effect adjustment from change in accounting principle	0		850	(850)
Stock-based compensation	7,619		7,619
Exercise of employee stock options, including net tax benefit (in shares)		91,400				5,665
Exercise of employee stock options	2,185		2,423			$ (238)
Restricted stock issued (in shares)		36,623				19,556
Restricted stock issued	(878)					$ (878)
Performance restricted stock issued (in shares)		3,773
Performance restricted stock issued	(96)		(96)
Shares issued for bonus settlement and director stipends (in shares)		25,646
Shares issued for bonus settlement and director stipends	1,107		1,107
Stock repurchase (in shares)						622,235
Stock repurchase plan	(28,486)					$ (28,486)
Conversion of convertible preferred stock to common stock (in shares)		495
Conversion of convertible preferred stock to common stock	19		20	(1)
Convertible preferred stock dividends	(4,418)			(4,418)
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax	6,921				7,117		(196)
Reclassification of translation loss realized upon sale of equity investments	527				527
Noncontrolling interest	451						451
Other	22		22
Net income (loss) attributable to Providence	53,369			53,369
Ending Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2017		17,473,598				4,126,132
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2017	336,017	$ 17	313,955	204,818	(25,805)	$ (154,803)	(2,165)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Cumulative effect adjustment from change in accounting principle	5,710			5,710
Stock-based compensation	9,130		9,130
Exercise of employee stock options, including net tax benefit (in shares)		266,293				0
Exercise of employee stock options	11,670	$ 1	11,669			$ 0
Restricted stock issued (in shares)		33,582				5,242
Restricted stock issued	(655)		(320)			$ (335)
Performance restricted stock issued (in shares)		3,110
Performance restricted stock issued	(109)		(109)
Shares issued for bonus settlement and director stipends (in shares)		4,193
Shares issued for bonus settlement and director stipends	150		150
Stock repurchase (in shares)						838,719
Stock repurchase plan	(55,753)					$ (55,753)
Conversion of convertible preferred stock to common stock (in shares)		3,993
Conversion of convertible preferred stock to common stock	154		161	(7)
Convertible preferred stock dividends	(4,413)			(4,413)
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax	(2,329)				(4,168)		1,839
Reclassification of translation loss realized upon sale of equity investments	29,973				29,973
Noncontrolling interest	326						326
Other	108		108	0			0
Net income (loss) attributable to Providence	(18,981)			(18,981)
Ending Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2018		17,784,769				4,970,093
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2018	$ 310,998	$ 18	$ 334,744	$ 187,127	$ 0	$ (210,891)	$ 0

Consolidated Statements of St_2

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Parenthetical) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016USD ($)
Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Exercise of employee stock options, tax benefit	$ 276

Consolidated Statements of Cash

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Operating activities
Net (loss) income	$ (18,825)	$ 53,820	$ 89,846
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation	18,769	18,542	21,699
Amortization	8,908	7,927	26,026
Provision for doubtful accounts	6,062	1,372	3,759
Stock-based compensation	8,993	7,543	5,136
Deferred income taxes	(545)	(22,996)	(14,130)
Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt discount	512	682	1,754
Write-off of deferred financing charges	0	0	2,302
Asset impairment charge	23,378	0	21,003
Equity in net loss (gain) of investees	6,072	(12,054)	10,287
Gain on sale of equity investment	0	(12,377)	0
Loss (gain) on sale of business	53,692	0	(167,895)
Gain on remeasurement of cost method investment	(6,577)	0	0
Deferred income taxes and income taxes payable (receivable) on sale of business	(51,861)	0	58,492
Other non-cash charges (credits)	(353)	296	(1,323)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions:
Accounts receivable	(30,997)	5,715	(19,332)
Prepaid expenses and other	14,253	15,457	(4,058)
Reinsurance and related liability reserve	(2,743)	(5,731)	(4,110)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(21,799)	(9,064)	33,365
Income taxes payable on gain from sale of business	0	0	(30,153)
Accrued transportation costs	1,301	11,232	8,654
Deferred revenue	(1,975)	(4,691)	(4,019)
Other long-term liabilities	1,634	(629)	4,462
Net cash provided by operating activities	7,899	55,044	41,765
Investing activities
Purchase of property and equipment	(17,521)	(19,923)	(41,216)
Proceeds from sale of property	0	0	1,039
Proceeds from sale of equity investment	0	15,593	0
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(43,711)	0	0
Dispositions or sale of business, net of cash sold	12,780	0	371,580
Purchase of equity investment	0	0	(13,663)
Cost method investments	0	(3,000)	0
Proceeds from note receivable	3,130	0	0
Other investing activities	0	310	239
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities	(45,322)	(7,020)	317,979
Financing activities
Preferred stock dividends	(4,413)	(4,418)	(4,419)
Repurchase of common stock, for treasury	(56,088)	(29,364)	(70,378)
Proceeds from common stock issued pursuant to stock option exercise	12,413	1,921	4,108
Proceeds from debt	42,000	0	52,500
Repayment of debt	(42,000)	0	(357,450)
Other financing activities	(3,467)	(1,927)	(1,182)
Net cash used in financing activities	(51,555)	(33,788)	(376,821)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	(261)	978	(1,357)
Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(89,239)	15,214	(18,434)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period	101,606	86,392	104,826
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	12,367	101,606	86,392
Supplemental cash flow information
Cash included in current assets of discontinued operations held for sale	2,321	42,512	22,666
Cash paid for interest	1,162	987	9,768
Cash paid for income taxes	12,054	18,128	55,827
Proceeds receivable from option exercise	0	562	0
Purchases of equipment in accounts payable and accrued liabilities	0	1,362	983
Note receivable issued for sale of property	0	0	3,130
Purchase of equipment through capital lease obligation	724	1,474	4,547
Acquisitions:
Purchase price	54,700	0	0
Less:
Cash acquired	(1,302)	0	0
Cash acquired	(110)	0	0
Value of existing ownership in Circulation	(9,577)	0	0
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	$ 43,711	$ 0	$ 0

Organization and Basis of Prese

Organization and Basis of Presentation	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Organization and Basis of Presentation	Organization and Basis of Presentation Description of Business The Providence Service Corporation (“we”, the “Company” or “Providence”), owns subsidiaries and investments primarily engaged in the provision of healthcare services in the United States. The Company’s NET Services segment, which primarily operates under the brands LogistiCare and Circulation, since its acquisition in September 2018, is the largest manager of non-emergency medical transportation (“NET”) programs for state governments and managed care organizations (“MCOs”) in the United States (“U.S.”). On September 21, 2018, we completed the acquisition of Circulation, Inc. (“Circulation”), which offers a full suite of logistics solutions to manage NET programs across all areas of healthcare, powered by its HIPAA-compliant digital platform. Circulation’s technology expands LogistiCare’s capabilities to manage transportation benefits, integrating all transportation capabilities while proactively monitoring for fraud, waste and abuse and emphasizing member convenience and satisfaction. The Company’s Matrix Investment segment consists of a minority investment in CCHN Group Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries (“Matrix”), a nationwide provider of home and mobile-based healthcare services for health plans in the U.S., including comprehensive health assessments (“CHAs”), quality gap closure visits, “level of service” needs assessments, and post-acute and chronic care management, providing such services through a network of community-based clinicians and a fleet of mobile health clinics with advanced diagnostics capabilities. The Company’s Corporate and Other segment includes the Company’s executive, accounting, finance, internal audit, tax, legal, public reporting, and corporate development functions. On April 11, 2018, the Company announced an organizational consolidation plan to integrate substantially all activities and functions performed at the corporate holding company level into LogistiCare (the “Organizational Consolidation”). LogistiCare will retain its name and continue to be headquartered in Atlanta, GA, and the Company will continue to be named The Providence Service Corporation and be listed on NASDAQ Global Select Market (“NASDAQ”) under the ticker symbol “PRSC”. The Organizational Consolidation is expected to be complete by the second quarter of 2019. See Note 10, Restructuring and Related Reorganization Costs, for further information. Discontinued Operations During the periods presented, the Company completed the following transactions, which resulted in the presentation of the operations as Discontinued Operations. • On December 21, 2018, the Company completed the sale of substantially all of the operating subsidiaries of its WD Services segment to Advanced Personnel Management Global Pty Ltd of Australia (“APM”) and APM UK Holdings Limited, an affiliate of APM, with the exception of the segment’s employment services operations in Saudi Arabia (the “WD Services Sale”). The Company’s contractual counterparties in Saudi Arabia, including an entity owned by the Saudi Arabian government, assumed these operations beginning January 1, 2019. Additionally, on June 11, 2018, the Company entered into a Share Purchase Agreement to sell Ingeus France for a de minimis amount. The sale was effective on July 17, 2018, after court approval. • On October 19, 2016, affiliates of Frazier Healthcare Partners purchased a 53.2% equity interest in Matrix with Providence retaining a 46.8% equity interest (the “Matrix Transaction”) at the time of the transaction. Prior to the closing of the Matrix Transaction, the financial results of Matrix were included in the Company’s Health Assessment Services (“HA Services”) segment. • On November 1, 2015, the Company completed the sale of its Human Service s segment. In addition to the results through the sale date, the Company has recorded additional expenses related to legal proceedings as described in Note 20, Commitment and Contingencies , related to an indemnified legal matter. Basis of Presentation The Company follows accounting standards set by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”). The FASB establishes accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). Rules and interpretive releases of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under authority of federal securities laws are also sources of authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. References to GAAP issued by the FASB in these footnotes are to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”), which serves as a single source of authoritative non-SEC accounting and reporting standards to be applied by non-governmental entities. All amounts are presented in U.S. dollars, unless otherwise noted. The Company holds an investment in Matrix which is accounted for using the equity method. The Company does not control the decision-making process or business management practices of Matrix. While the Company has access to certain information and performs certain procedures to review the reasonableness of information, the Company relies on management of Matrix to provide accurate financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. The Company receives audit reports relating to such financial information from Matrix’s independent auditors on an annual basis. The Company is not aware of any errors in or possible misstatements of the financial information provided by Matrix that would have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Reclassifications The Company has reclassified certain amounts relating to its prior period results to conform to its current period presentation. See Note 2, Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements , for additional information on reclassifications.

Significant Accounting Policies

Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements	Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements Principles of Consolidation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include The Providence Service Corporation, its wholly-owned subsidiaries, and entities it controls, or in which it has a variable interest and is the primary beneficiary of expected cash profits or losses. The Company records its investments in entities that it does not control, but over which it has the ability to exercise significant influence, using the equity method. The Company has eliminated significant intercompany transactions and accounts. Accounting Estimates The Company uses estimates and assumptions in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP. Those estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the Company’s consolidated financial statements. These estimates and assumptions also affect the reported amount of net income or loss during any period. The Company’s actual financial results could differ significantly from these estimates. The significant estimates underlying the Company’s consolidated financial statements include revenue recognition; allowance for doubtful accounts; accrued transportation costs; accrued restructuring; income taxes; recoverability of current and long-lived assets, including equity method investments; intangible assets and goodwill; loss contingencies; accounting for business combinations, including amounts assigned to definite and indefinite lived intangibles and contingent consideration; loss reserves for reinsurance and self-funded insurance programs; and stock-based compensation. Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents include all cash balances and highly liquid investments with an initial maturity of three months or less. Investments in cash equivalents are carried at cost, which approximates fair value. The Company places its temporary cash investments with high credit quality financial institutions. At times, such investments may be in excess of the federally insured limits. Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts The Company records accounts receivable amounts at the contractual amount, less an allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts at an amount it estimates to be sufficient to cover the risk that an account will not be collected. The Company regularly evaluates its accounts receivables, especially receivables that are past due, and reassesses its allowance for doubtful accounts based on identified customer collection issues. In circumstances where the Company is aware of a customer’s inability to meet its financial obligation, the Company records a specific allowance for doubtful accounts to reduce its net recognized receivable to an amount the Company reasonably expects to collect. Under certain contracts of NET Services, final payment is based on a reconciliation of actual utilization and cost, and the final reconciliation may require a considerable period of time. The Company’s provision for doubtful accounts expense from continuing operations for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 was $338 , $1,347 and $2,892 , respectively. Property and Equipment Property and equipment are stated at historical cost, net of accumulated depreciation, or at fair value if the assets were initially recorded as the result of a business combination or if the asset was remeasured due to an impairment. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the asset. Maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. Gains and losses resulting from the disposition of an asset are reflected in operating expense. Recoverability of Goodwill In accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other , the Company reviews goodwill for impairment annually, or more frequently, if events and circumstances indicate that an asset may be impaired. Such circumstances could include, but are not limited to: (1) the loss or modification of significant contracts, (2) a significant adverse change in legal factors or in business climate, (3) unanticipated competition, (4) an adverse action or assessment by a regulator, or (5) a significant decline in the Company’s stock price. We perform the annual goodwill impairment test for all reporting units as of October 1. First, we perform qualitative assessments for each reporting unit to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If the qualitative assessment suggests that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value amount, then we perform a quantitative assessment and compare the fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying value. We adopted ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment (“ASU 2017-04”) effective April 1, 2017 . ASU 2017-04 removes the requirement to compare the implied fair value of goodwill with its carrying amount as part of step two of the goodwill impairment test. Instead, if we deem it necessary to perform the quantitative goodwill impairment test in an annual or interim period, we recognize an impairment charge equal to the excess, if any, of a reporting unit’s carrying amount over its fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. The Company estimates the fair value of the Company’s reporting units using either an income approach, a market valuation approach, a transaction valuation approach or a blended approach. The income approach produces an estimated fair value of a reporting unit based on the present value of the cash flows the Company expects the reporting unit to generate in the future. Estimates included in the discounted cash flow model include the discount rate, which the Company determines based on adjusting an industry-wide weighted-average cost of capital for size, geography, and company specific risk factors, long-term rates of growth and profitability of the Company’s business, working capital effects and planned capital expenditures. The market approach produces an estimated fair value of a reporting unit based on a comparison of the reporting unit to comparable publicly traded entities in similar lines of business. The transaction valuation approach produces an estimated fair value of a reporting unit based on a comparison of the reporting unit to publicly available transactional data involving both publicly traded and private entities in similar lines of business. The Company’s significant estimates in both the market and transaction approach include the selected similar companies with comparable business factors such as size, growth, profitability, risk and return on investment and the multiples the Company applies to revenue and earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) to estimate the fair value of the reporting unit. Recoverability of Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization and Other Long-Lived Assets Intangible assets subject to amortization and other long-lived assets are carried at cost and are amortized or depreciated on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives of 3 to 15 years. In accordance with ASC 360, Property, Plant, and Equipment , the Company reviews the carrying value of long-lived assets or groups of assets to be used in operations whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may be impaired. Factors that may necessitate an impairment assessment include, among others, significant adverse changes in the extent or manner in which an asset or group of assets is used, significant adverse changes in legal factors or the business climate that could affect the value of an asset or group of assets or significant declines in the observable market value of an asset or group of assets. The presence or occurrence of those events indicates that an asset or group of assets may be impaired. In those cases, the Company assesses the recoverability of an asset or group of assets by determining whether the carrying value of the asset or group of assets exceeds the sum of the projected undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the assets over the remaining economic life of the asset or the primary asset in the group of assets. If such testing indicates the carrying value of the asset or group of assets is not recoverable, the Company estimates the fair value of the asset or group of assets using appropriate valuation methodologies, which would typically include an estimate of discounted cash flows. If the fair value of those assets or groups of assets is less than carrying value, the Company records an impairment loss equal to the excess of the carrying value over the estimated fair value. Accrued Transportation Costs Eligible members of our customers schedule transportation through the Company’s central reservation system. NET Services generally contracts with third-party providers to provide transportation. The cost of transportation is recorded in the month the services are rendered, based upon contractual rates and mileage estimates. Transportation providers provide invoices once the trip is completed. Any trips that have not been invoiced require an accrual, based upon the expected cost as well as an estimate for cancellations, as the Company is generally only obligated to pay the transportation provider for completed trips. These estimates are based upon the historical trend associated with each contract’s population and the transportation provider network servicing the program. There may be differences between actual invoiced amounts and estimated costs, and any resulting adjustments are included in expense. Accrued transportation costs were $84,889 and $83,588 at December 31, 2018 and 2017 , respectively. Deferred Financing Costs and Debt Discounts The Company capitalizes direct expenses incurred in connection with its credit facilities and other borrowings, and amortizes such expenses over the life of the respective credit facility or other borrowings. Fees charged by lenders on the revolving facility and all fees charged by third parties are recorded as deferred financing costs and fees charged by lenders on term loans are recorded as a debt discount. Deferred financing costs, net of amortization, totaling $268 and $388 as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 , respectively, are included in “Prepaid expenses and other” on the consolidated balance sheets. Revenue Recognition The Company adopted ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, effective January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective transition method for contracts that were not completed as of January 1, 2018. See Recent Accounting Pronouncements below for further information on the adoption. The Company recognizes revenue as it transfers control of promised services to its customers. The Company generates all of its revenue from contracts with customers. The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for these services. The Company satisfies substantially all of its performance obligations and recognizes revenue over time instead of at points in time. See further information in Note 3, Revenue Recognition. Stock-Based Compensation The Company follows the fair value recognition provisions of ASC Topic 718 – Compensation – Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”), which requires companies to measure and recognize compensation expense for all share-based payments at fair value. • The Company calculates the fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes option-pricing formula. The fair value of non-vested restricted stock grants is determined based on the closing market price of the Company’s Common Stock on the date of grant. Stock-based compensation expense charged against income for stock options and stock grants is based on the grant-date fair value. Forfeitures are recorded as they occur. The expense for stock-based compensation awards is amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is typically the vesting period. • The Company records restricted stock units (“RSUs”) that may be settled by the holder in cash, rather than shares, as a liability and remeasures these liabilities at fair value at the end of each reporting period. Upon settlement of these awards, the total compensation expense recorded over the vesting period of the awards will equal the settlement amount, which is based on the Company’s stock price on the settlement date. • Performance-based RSUs vest upon achievement of certain company specific performance conditions. On the date of grant, the Company determines the fair value of the performance-based award using the fair value of the Company’s Common Stock at that time and assesses whether it is probable that the performance targets will be achieved. If assessed as probable, the Company records compensation expense for these awards over the requisite service period. At each reporting period, the Company reassesses the probability of achieving the performance targets and the performance period required to meet those targets. The estimation of whether the performance targets will be achieved and of the performance period required to achieve the targets requires judgment, and to the extent actual results or updated estimates differ from the Company’s current estimates, the cumulative effect on current and prior periods of those changes will be recorded in the period estimates are revised, or the change in estimate will be applied prospectively depending on whether the change affects the estimate of total compensation cost to be recognized or merely affects the period over which compensation cost is to be recognized. The ultimate number of shares issued and the related compensation expense recognized will be based on a comparison of the final performance metrics to the specified targets. • The Company calculates the fair value of market-based stock awards using the Monte-Carlo simulation valuation model. Forfeitures are recorded as they occur. Compensation expense for market-based awards is recognized over the requisite service period regardless of whether the market conditions are expected to be achieved. Income Taxes Deferred income taxes are determined by the liability method in accordance with ASC Topic 740 - Income Taxes . Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that are expected to be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. The Company considers many factors when assessing the likelihood of future realization of deferred tax assets, including recent earnings experience by jurisdiction, expectations of future taxable income, and the carryforward periods available for tax reporting purposes, as well as other relevant factors. The Company establishes a valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. Due to inherent complexities arising from the nature of the Company’s businesses, future changes in income tax law or variances between the Company’s actual and anticipated operating results, the Company makes certain judgments and estimates. Therefore, actual income taxes could materially vary from these estimates. The Company has recorded a valuation allowance which includes amounts for certain carryforwards and deferred tax assets, as more fully described in Note 19, Income Taxes, for which the Company has concluded that it is more likely than not that these carryforwards and deferred tax assets will not be realized in the ordinary course of operations. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to income taxes as a component of income tax expense. The Company accounts for uncertain tax positions based on a two-step process of evaluating recognition and measurement criteria. The first step assesses whether the tax position is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by the tax authority, including resolution of any appeals or litigation, based on the technical merits of the position. If the tax position meets the more likely than not criteria, the portion of the tax benefit greater than 50% likely to be realized upon settlement with the tax authority is recognized in the consolidated financial statements. On December 22, 2017, the U.S. bill commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“Tax Reform Act”) was enacted as more fully described in Note 19, Income Taxes. Loss Reserves for Certain Reinsurance and Self-Funded Insurance Programs The Company historically reinsured a substantial portion of its automobile, general and professional liability and workers’ compensation costs under reinsurance programs primarily through the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Social Services Providers Captive Insurance Company (“SPCIC”), a licensed captive insurance company domiciled in the State of Arizona. As of May 16, 2017, SPCIC did not renew the expiring reinsurance policies. SPCIC will continue to resolve claims under the historical policy years. The Company utilizes a report prepared by an independent actuary to estimate the gross expected losses related to historical automobile, general and professional and workers’ compensation liability reinsurance policies, including the estimated losses in excess of SPCIC’s insurance limits, which would be reimbursed to SPCIC to the extent such losses were incurred. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017 , the Company had reserves of $3,900 and $6,699 , respectively, for the automobile, general and professional liability and workers’ compensation reinsurance policies, net of expected receivables for losses in excess of SPCIC’s historical insurance limits. The gross reserve as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 of $10,489 and $12,448 , respectively, is classified as “Reinsurance liability reserves” and “Other long-term liabilities” in the consolidated balance sheets. The estimated amount to be reimbursed to SPCIC as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 was $6,589 and $5,749 , respectively, and is classified as “Other receivables” and “Other assets” in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company also maintains a self-funded health insurance program with a stop-loss umbrella policy with a third-party insurer to limit the maximum potential liability for individual claims generally to $300 per person, subject to an aggregating stop-loss limit of $400 . In addition, the program has a total stop-loss limit for total claims, in order to limit the Company’s exposure to catastrophic claims. With respect to this program, the Company considers historical and projected medical utilization data when estimating its health insurance program liability and related expense. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017 , the Company had $2,201 and $2,229 , respectively, in reserve for its self-funded health insurance programs. The reserves are classified as “Reinsurance and related liability reserves” in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company utilizes analysis prepared by third-party administrators and independent actuaries based on historical claims information with respect to the general and professional liability coverage, workers’ compensation coverage, automobile liability, automobile physical damage, and health insurance coverage to determine the amount of required reserves. The Company regularly analyzes its reserves for incurred but not reported claims, and for reported but not paid claims related to its reinsurance and self-funded insurance programs. The Company believes its reserves are adequate. However, significant judgment is involved in assessing these reserves, such as assessing historical paid claims, average lag times between the claims’ incurred date, reported dates and paid dates, and the frequency and severity of claims. There may be differences between actual settlement amounts and recorded reserves and any resulting adjustments are included in expense once a probable amount is known. Restructuring and Related Reorganization Costs On April 11, 2018, the Company announced the Organizational Consolidation. The Company accrued for severance and other employee separation costs under this plan when it was probable that benefits would be paid and the amount was reasonably estimable. The amounts used in determining severance accruals are based on an estimate of the salaries and related benefit costs payable and are included in accrued expenses to the extent they have not been paid. See further information in Note 10, Restructuring and Related Reorganization Costs. Discontinued Operations In determining whether a group of assets disposed (or to be disposed) of should be presented as a discontinued operation, the Company makes a determination of whether the criteria for held-for-sale classification is met and whether the disposition represents a strategic shift that has (or will have) a major effect on the entity’s operations and financial results. If these determinations can be made affirmatively, the results of operations of the group of assets being disposed of (as well as any gain or loss on the disposal transaction) are aggregated for separate presentation apart from continuing operating results of the Company in the consolidated financial statements. See Note 23, Discontinued Operations, for a summary of discontinued operations. Earnings Per Share The Company computes basic earnings per share by taking net income attributable to the Company available to common stockholders divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period, including restricted stock and stock held in escrow if such shares are participating securities. Diluted earnings per share includes the potential dilution that may occur from stock-based awards and other stock-based commitments using the treasury stock or the as-if converted methods, as applicable. For additional information on how the Company computes earnings per share, see Note 16, Earnings Per Share . Recent Accounting Pronouncements The Company adopted the following accounting pronouncements during the year ended December 31, 2018 : In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASU 2014-09”). ASU 2014-09 introduced FASB Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606 (“ASC 606”), which replaced historical revenue recognition guidance and is intended to improve and converge with international standards the financial reporting requirements for revenue from contracts with customers. The core principle of ASC 606 is that an entity should recognize revenue for the transfer of goods or services equal to the amount that it expects to be entitled to receive for those goods or services. ASC 606 also requires additional disclosures about the nature, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in judgments. ASU 2014-09 allows for adoption either on a full retrospective basis to each prior reporting period presented or on a modified retrospective basis with the cumulative effect of initially applying the new guidance recognized at the date of initial application. The Company adopted ASU 2014-09 effective January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective transition method for contracts that were not completed as of January 1, 2018. The Company recognized the cumulative effect of initially applying the new revenue standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. These impacts related to our WD Services segment, which has since met the criteria for classification as discontinued operations. Upon adoption of ASU 2014-09, the cumulative effect of the changes made to the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2018 were as follows: Balance at December 31, 2017 Adjustments due to ASU 2014-09 Balance at January 1, 2018 Assets Current assets of discontinued operations $ 104,024 $ 11,182 $ 115,206 Liabilities Current liabilities of discontinued operations 61,643 5,442 67,085 Noncurrent liabilities of discontinued operations 7,565 30 7,595 Equity Retained earnings, net of tax 204,818 5,710 210,528 The impact of applying the new revenue recognition guidance on the Company’s consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2018 was as follows: Year ended December 31, 2018 As Reported Pro forma as if the previous accounting guidance was in effect Service revenue, net $ 1,384,965 $ 1,400,453 Service expense 1,284,603 1,300,091 Operating income 24,276 24,276 There was no impact of applying the new revenue recognition guidance on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2018, as any assets and liabilities impacted by the guidance were sold in the WD Services Sale. The comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods. See further information in Note 3, Revenue Recognition . In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (“ASU 2016-15”). ASU 2016-15 provides guidance for eight targeted changes with respect to how cash receipts and cash payments are classified in the statements of cash flows, with the objective of reducing diversity in practice. ASU 2016-15 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted ASU 2016-15 on January 1, 2018. The adoption did not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash (“ASU 2016-18”). ASU 2016-18 requires that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. ASU 2016-18 is effective for public entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period; however, any adjustments must be reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period. ASU 2016-18 must be adopted retrospectively. The Company adopted ASU 2016-18 on January 1, 2018. As a result of the adoption of ASU 2016-18, the Company recast its consolidated statement of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. The recast resulted in an increase in cash used in investing activities of $7,834 for the year ended December 31, 2017. The recast resulted in a decrease in cash provided by investing activities of $5,926 for the year ended December 31, 2016. See additional information in Note 4, Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash. In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-09, Compensation–Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting (“ASU 2017-09”). ASU 2017-09 provides guidance about which changes to the terms of a share-based payment award should be accounted for as a modification. A change to an award should be accounted for as a modification unless the fair value of the modified award is the same as the original award, the vesting conditions do not change, and the classification as an equity or liability instrument does not change. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted ASU 2017-09 on January 1, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2017-09 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Recent accounting pronouncements that were not yet adopted by the Company through December 31, 2018 are as follows: In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”). ASU 2016-02 introduced FASB Accounting Standards Codification Topic 842 (“ASC 842”), which will replace ASC 840, Leases . In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842 (Leases) (“ASU 2018-10”), which provides narrow amendments to clarify how to apply certain aspects of the new lease standard. Additionally, in July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements (“ASU 2018-11”). ASU 2018-11 provides a new transition method and a practical expedient for separating components of a contract. ASC 842 is effective for publicly held entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. Lessees may apply a modified retrospective transition approach for leases existing at, or entered after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements, or lessees may initially apply the new lease standard at the adoption date and recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. The Company has not entered into significant lease agreements in which it is the lessor; however, the Company does have lease agreements in which it is the lessee. Under ASC 842, lessees will be required to recognize a lease liability and right-of-use asset for all leases (with the exception of short-term leases) at the commencement date. The Company will apply the modified retrospective transition method and elect the transition option to use the effective date of January 1, 2019 as the date of initial application. The Company will recognize the cumulative effect of the transition adjustment as of the effective date and will not provide any new lease disclosures for periods before the effective date. With respect to the practical expedients, the Company will elect the package of practical expedients and the practical expedient not to separate lease and non-lease components. The Company will not apply the use of hindsight practical expedient. Based on the Company’s current portfolio of leases, the Company expects $24,000 to $28,000 of additional leased assets and liabilities will be recognized on its consolidated balance sheet. The Company does not expect a material impact on the statement of operations. In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326) (“ASU 2016-13”). The amendments in ASU 2016-13 will supersede or clarify much of the existing guidance for reporting credit losses for assets held at amortized cost basis and available for sale debt securities. The amendments in ASU 2016-13 affect loans, debt securities, trade receivables, net investments in leases, off balance sheet credit exposures, reinsurance receivables, and any other financial assets not excluded from the scope that have the contractual right to receive cash. ASU 2016-13 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2016-13 on its consolidated financial statements. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (“ASU 2018-13”). ASU 2018-13 removes certain disclosures, modifies certain disclosures and added additional disclosures. The standard is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. Certain disclosures in ASU 2018-13 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis and others on a prospective basis. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2018-13 on its consolidated financial statements. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software: Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement that is a Service Contract (“ASU 2018-15”), which will align the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-u

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Revenue Recognition	Revenue Recognition Under ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue as it transfers control of promised services to its customers. The Company generates all of its revenue from contracts with customers. The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for these services. The Company satisfies substantially all of its performance obligations and recognizes revenue over time instead of at points in time. Disaggregation of Revenue The following table summarizes disaggregated revenue from contracts with customers for the year ended December 31, 2018 by contract type for NET Services: State Medicaid agency contracts $ 732,261 Managed care organization contracts 652,704 Total NET Services revenue, net $ 1,384,965 Capitated contracts $ 1,096,822 Non-capitated contracts 288,143 Total NET Services revenue, net $ 1,384,965 NET Services provides non-emergency transportation services pursuant to contractual commitments over defined service delivery periods. For most contracts, NET Services arranges for transportation of members through its network of independent transportation providers, whereby it remits payment to the transportation providers. However, for certain contracts, NET Services only provides administrative management services to support the customers’ efforts to serve its clients, and the amount of revenue recognized is based upon the management fee earned. These contracts typically include single performance obligations under which NET Services stands ready to deliver management, fulfillment and record-keeping related to non-emergency transportation services. Transportation management services include, but are not limited to, fraud, waste, and abuse and utilization review programs as well as compliance controls. NET Services’ performance obligations consist of a series of distinct services that are substantially the same and which are transferred to the customer in the same manner. In most cases, NET Services is the principal in its arrangements because it controls the services before transferring those services to the customer. NET Services primarily uses the ‘as invoiced’ practical expedient to recognize revenue because it typically has the right to consideration from customers in an amount that corresponds directly with the value of its performance to date. This is consistent with NET Services’ historical revenue recognition policy. NET Services recognizes revenue for some of its contracts that include variable consideration using a time-elapsed measure when the fees earned relate directly to services performed in the period. Because most contracts include termination for convenience clauses with required notice periods of less than one year, most NET Services contracts are deemed to be short-term in nature. Some of NET Services’ contracts include provisions whereby it must provide certain levels of service or face potential penalties or be required to refund fees paid by the customer. For those contracts, NET Services records a provision to reduce revenue to reflect the amount to which it expects it will ultimately be entitled. The only financial impact for NET Services of adopting ASU 2014-09 was the determination it is the agent under one of its contracts based on the new guidance, whereas it previously considered itself the principal in the arrangement. Consequently, NET Services now recognizes revenue under the specific contract on a net basis, which resulted in reduced revenue and service expense of $15,488 during the year ended December 31, 2018 . During the year ended December 31, 2018 , NET Services recognized $5,685 from performance obligations satisfied in previous periods due to the resolution of contractual adjustments agreed with the customer. Related Balance Sheet Accounts Accounts receivable, net - The following table provides information about accounts receivable, net as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 : December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Accounts receivable $ 101,340 $ 73,416 NET Services’ reconciliation contract receivable 48,270 42,054 Allowance for doubtful accounts (1,854 ) (5,262 ) $ 147,756 $ 110,208 NET Services accrued contract payments - Includes liabilities related to certain contracts of NET Services for which final payment is based on a reconciliation of actual utilization and cost, and the final reconciliation may require a considerable period of time. The balance is included in “Accrued expenses” in the consolidated balance sheets. The balance at December 31, 2018 and 2017 totaled $9,756 and $17,487 , respectively. Deferred revenue - Includes funds received for certain services in advance of services being rendered. The balance of current deferred revenue at December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 totaled $562 and $3,019 , respectively. The balance of noncurrent deferred revenue was $963 at December 31, 2018 , and is included in “Other long-term liabilities” on the consolidated balance sheet. The decrease in the total deferred revenue balance from December 31, 2017 to December 31, 2018 is primarily driven by cash payments received or due in advance of satisfying our performance obligations. During the year ended December 31, 2018 , $3,019 of revenue deferred as of December 31, 2017 was recognized. Practical Expedients, Exemptions and Other Matters We do not incur significant sales commission expenses. Any amounts are expensed as incurred. These costs are recorded within service expense in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company generally expects the period of time from when it transfers a promised service to a customer and when the customer pays for the service to be one year or less, and thus we do not have a significant financing component for our contracts with customers. We do not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for (i) contracts with an original expected length of one year or less; (ii) contracts for which we recognize revenue at the amount to which we have the right to invoice for services performed; or (iii) contracts for which the variable consideration is allocated entirely to a wholly unsatisfied performance obligation or to a wholly unsatisfied promise to transfer a distinct good or service that forms part of a single performance obligation, and the terms of the variable consideration relate specifically to our efforts to transfer the distinct service or to a specific outcome from transferring the distinct service.

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Rest

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents [Abstract]
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash	Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the consolidated balance sheets to the amounts shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows: December 31, 2018 2017 Cash and cash equivalents $ 5,678 $ 52,798 Restricted cash, current 1,482 1,091 Current assets of discontinued operations 2,321 42,512 Restricted cash, less current portion 2,886 5,205 Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash $ 12,367 $ 101,606 Restricted cash primarily relates to amounts held in trusts for reinsurance claims losses under the Company’s captive insurance operation for historical workers’ compensation, general and professional liability and auto liability reinsurance programs, as well as amounts restricted for withdrawal under our self-insured medical and benefits plans. Current assets of discontinued operations principally reflects the cash position of WD Services operations in Saudi Arabia, which was not sold as part of the WD Services Sale. Such cash will be used to fund the shut-down costs of this operation as needed.

Equity Investment

Equity Investment	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Equity Method Investment, Summarized Financial Information [Abstract]
Equity Investments	Equity Investment Matrix Prior to the closing of the Matrix Transaction on October 19, 2016, the financial results of Matrix were included in the Company’s HA Services segment. Subsequent to the closing of the Matrix Transaction, the Company owned a 46.8% noncontrolling interest in Matrix. As of December 31, 2018 , the Company owned a 43.6% noncontrolling interest in Matrix. Pursuant to a Shareholder’s Agreement, affiliates of Frazier Healthcare Partners hold rights necessary to control the fundamental operations of Matrix. The Company accounts for this investment in Matrix under the equity method of accounting and the Company’s share of Matrix’s income or losses are recorded as “Equity in net loss (gain) of investees” in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. The carrying amount of the assets included in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets and the maximum loss exposure related to the Company’s interest in Matrix as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 totaled $161,503 and $169,699 , respectively. Summary financial information for Matrix on a standalone basis is as follows: December 31, 2018 2017 Current assets $ 61,565 $ 37,563 Long-term assets 719,450 597,613 Current liabilities 27,619 27,718 Long-term liabilities 373,159 240,513 Year ended December 31, 2018 Year ended December 31, 2017 October 19, 2016 through December 31, 2016 Revenue $ 282,067 $ 227,872 $ 41,635 Operating (loss) income (1,186 ) 11,870 (4,079 ) Net (loss) income (19,962 ) 26,665 (4,200 ) Included in Matrix’s standalone net loss of $19,962 for the year ended December 31, 2018 are depreciation and amortization of $43,119 , integration costs of $6,524 , equity compensation of $2,698 , management fees paid to Matrix’s shareholders of $4,887 , merger and acquisition due diligence related costs of $2,341 , transaction related costs of $1,010 , interest expense of $25,942 , including debt transaction costs and the write-off of deferred financing fees of $3,748 , and an income tax benefit of $7,166 . Included in Matrix’s standalone net income of $26,665 for the year ended December 31, 2017 are depreciation and amortization of $33,512 , transaction related expenses of $3,537 , which includes $2,679 of transaction incentive compensation, equity compensation of $2,639 , management fees paid to Matrix’s shareholders of $2,331 , acquisition related costs of $412 , interest expense of $14,818 and an income tax benefit of $29,613 . The income tax benefit primarily related to the re-measurement of deferred tax liabilities arising from a lower U.S. corporate tax rate as a result of the Tax Reform Act. Included in Matrix’s standalone net loss of $4,200 for the year ended December 31, 2016 are depreciation and amortization of $6,356 , transaction related expenses of $6,367 , which includes $4,033 of transaction incentive compensation, equity compensation of $407 , management fees paid to Matrix’s shareholders of $396 , interest expense of $2,949 and an income tax benefit of $2,828 . See Note 23, Discontinued Operations , for Matrix’s January 1, 2016 through October 19, 2016 results of operations.

Prepaid Expenses and Other

Prepaid Expenses and Other	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Prepaid Expense and Other Assets, Current [Abstract]
Prepaid Expenses and Other	Prepaid Expenses and Other Prepaid expenses and other were comprised of the following: December 31, 2018 2017 Prepaid income taxes $ 35,207 $ 254 Escrow funds — 10,000 Prepaid insurance 1,308 1,765 Note receivable — 3,224 Prepaid rent 828 722 Other 6,824 6,494 Total prepaid expenses and other $ 44,167 $ 22,459 Escrow funds at December 31, 2017 represented amounts related to indemnification claims from the sale of the Human Services segment. The escrow funds were used during the year ended December 31, 2018 to satisfy a portion of the Company’s settlement of indemnification claims. See Note 20, Commitments and Contingencies , for further information.

Property and Equipment

Property and Equipment	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Property and Equipment	Property and Equipment Property and equipment consisted of the following: Estimated Useful December 31, Life (years) 2018 2017 Computer and telecom equipment 3 — 5 $ 29,883 $ 27,742 Software 3 — 5 24,318 22,256 Leasehold improvements Shorter of 7 years or lease term 8,078 7,599 Furniture and fixtures 5 — 10 1,942 2,351 Automobiles 5 3,666 3,209 Construction and development in progress N/A 299 12,579 68,186 75,736 Less accumulated depreciation 45,221 38,064 Total property and equipment, net $ 22,965 $ 37,672 Depreciation expense from continuing operations was $12,058 , $10,717 and $9,900 for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively. Following the acquisition of Circulation and an analysis of the technology capabilities and scalability of the Circulation platform, the Company determined it would not continue the development of the LCAD NextGen technology (“NextGen”). The Company also determined it would not place any of the developed NextGen technology into service, and recorded an asset impairment charge of $13,496 related to its NET Services segment during the fourth quarter of 2018. In addition, the Company had previously recorded an impairment of $679 during the second quarter of 2018 in relation to the decision to abandon specific development work intended to synchronize data across applications of the proprietary NextGen systems, based on the determination of an alternative method to accomplish this task. The total impairment charge of $14,175 is reflected in “Asset impairment charge” in the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2018. As of December 31, 2017, construction in progress was primarily comprised of the software development costs for NextGen.

Goodwill and Intangibles

Goodwill and Intangibles	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Goodwill and Intangibles	Goodwill and Intangibles Impairment The Company did not record any goodwill or intangible asset impairment charges for continuing operations for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016. Goodwill There were no changes in goodwill from December 31, 2016 to December 31, 2017. Changes in goodwill were as follows for the period from December 31, 2017 to December 31, 2018: NET Services Balances at December 31, 2017 Goodwill $ 191,215 Accumulated impairment losses (96,000 ) 95,215 Acquisition of Circulation 40,001 Balances at December 31, 2018 Goodwill 231,216 Accumulated impairment losses (96,000 ) $ 135,216 The total amount of goodwill from continuing operations that was deductible for income tax purposes related to acquisitions as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 was $29 for each year. Intangible Assets Intangible assets are comprised of acquired customer relationships, trademarks and trade names, and developed technology. Intangible assets consisted of the following: December 31, 2018 2017 Estimated Useful Life (Yrs) Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Customer relationships 15 $ 43,800 $ (32,515 ) $ 43,800 $ (29,635 ) Developed technology of Circulation 5 14,100 (705 ) — — Customer relationships of Circulation 3 1,400 (117 ) — — Trademarks and trade names of Circulation 3 200 (17 ) — — Total $ 59,500 $ (33,354 ) $ 43,800 $ (29,635 ) The weighted-average amortization period at December 31, 2018 for intangibles was 12.3 years. No significant residual value is estimated for these intangible assets. Amortization expense from continuing operations was $3,755 , $2,901 and $2,881 for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively. The Company acquired Circulation in September 2018, which resulted in the increase of intangible assets from December 31, 2017 to December 31, 2018. See additional discussion of the Circulation acquisition in Note 22, Acquisitions . The total amortization expense is estimated to be as follows for the next five years as of December 31, 2018 : Year Amount 2019 $ 6,234 2020 6,234 2021 6,101 2022 5,461 2023 2,116 Total $ 26,146

Accrued Expenses

Accrued Expenses	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Accrued Liabilities, Current [Abstract]
Accrued Expenses	Accrued Expenses Accrued expenses consisted of the following: December 31, 2018 2017 Accrued compensation and related $ 11,050 $ 18,816 NET Services accrued contract payments 9,756 17,487 Accrued settlement — 15,000 Accrued cash settled stock-based compensation 3,719 3,938 Income taxes payable — 1,959 Other 14,666 14,443 Total accrued expenses $ 39,191 $ 71,643 The accrued settlement at December 31, 2017 represented amounts related to indemnification claims from the sale of the Human Services segment, which was completed on November 1, 2015. The settlement was finalized during the year ended December 31, 2018, which resulted in the payment of the accrued settlement amount, in which $10,000 was released from an escrow account and $4,475 was paid in cash. See Note 20, Commitments and Contingencies , for further information.

Restructuring and Related Reorg

Restructuring and Related Reorganization Costs	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]
Restructuring and Related Reorganization Costs	Restructuring and Related Reorganization Costs Corporate and Other On April 11, 2018, the Company announced the Organizational Consolidation, which involves transferring all job responsibilities previously performed by employees of the holding company to LogistiCare, and closing the current corporate offices in Stamford, Connecticut and Tucson, Arizona. The Company adopted an employee retention plan designed to incentivize current holding company level employees to remain employed with the Company during the transition. The employee retention plan became effective on April 9, 2018 and covers the holding company level employees and provides for certain payments and benefits to be provided to the employees if they remain employed with the Company through a retention date established for each individual, subject to a fully executed retention letter. The Organizational Consolidation is expected to be completed by the end of the second quarter of 2019. As of December 31, 2018 , the Company estimates that it will incur aggregate pre-tax restructuring charges of approximately $12,200 through June 30, 2019 in connection with the Organizational Consolidation discussed above. These charges include approximately $7,100 related to retention and personnel costs, $2,000 related to acceleration of stock-based compensation, $600 related to accelerated depreciation and $2,500 related to other costs, including lease termination and recruiting costs. A total of $8,797 restructuring and related costs has been incurred during the year ended December 31, 2018 related to the Organizational Consolidation. These costs include $5,098 of retention and personnel costs, $1,731 of accelerated stock-based compensation expense, $436 of accelerated depreciation and $1,532 of other costs, primarily related to recruiting and legal costs. These costs are recorded as “General and administrative expense” and “Depreciation and amortization” in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. The Company’s estimate is subject to change, as it is based upon assumptions for the sublease of office space in Stamford, Connecticut and Tucson, Arizona, as well as other factors. Summary of Liability for Corporate and Other Restructuring and Related Charges January 1, Costs Cash Payments December 31, 2018 Retention and personnel liability $ — $ 5,098 $ (3,142 ) $ 1,956 Other liability — 1,532 (1,134 ) 398 Total $ — $ 6,630 $ (4,276 ) $ 2,354 The total restructuring liability at December 31, 2018 includes $2,124 classified as “Accrued expenses” and $230 classified as “Accounts payable” in the consolidated balance sheet.

Debt

Debt	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Long-term Debt and Capital Lease Obligations [Abstract]
Debt	Debt The Company’s debt was as follows: December 31, December 31, $200,000 revolving loan, LIBOR plus 2.25% - 3.25% with interest payable at least once every three months through August 2019 $ — $ — Capital lease obligations 1,071 2,984 1,071 2,984 Less current portion of debt 718 2,400 Total debt, less current portion $ 353 $ 584 Annual maturities of revolving loan and capital lease obligations as of December 31, 2018 are as follows: Year Amount 2019 $ 718 2020 308 2021 45 Total $ 1,071 Credit Facility The Company is a party to the amended and restated credit and guaranty agreement, dated as of August 2, 2013 (as amended, the “Credit Agreement”), with Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, swing line lender and letter of credit issuer, and the other lenders party thereto. The Credit Agreement provides the Company with a $200,000 revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”), including a sub-facility of $25,000 for letters of credit. On June 7, 2018, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries entered into the Fifth Amendment to the Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement (the “Amendment”), amending the Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement dated as of August 2, 2013 (as amended to date, the “Credit Agreement”), by and among the Company, the guarantors from time to time party thereto, the lenders from time to time party thereto and Bank of America, N.A. as administrative agent. The Amendment (i) extended the maturity date of the Credit Agreement to August 2, 2019 and (ii) amended certain covenants under the Credit Agreement to provide for greater operational, financial and strategic flexibility, including the implementation of the Company’s Organizational Consolidation. As of December 31, 2018 , the Company had borrowings of $0 and ten letters of credit outstanding in the amount of $12,338 under the revolving credit facility. At December 31, 2018 , the Company’s available credit under the revolving credit facility was $187,662 . Under the Credit Agreement, the Company has an option to request an increase in the amount of the revolving credit facility from time to time (on substantially the same terms as apply to the existing facilities) in an aggregate amount of up to $75,000 with either additional commitments from lenders under the Credit Agreement at such time or new commitments from financial institutions acceptable to the administrative agent in its reasonable discretion, so long as no default or event of default exists at the time of any such increase. The Company may not be able to access additional funds under this increase option as no lender is obligated to participate in any such increase under the Credit Facility. The Credit Agreement has a maturity date of August 2, 2019. Interest on the outstanding principal amount of loans accrues, at the Company’s election, at a per annum rate equal to LIBOR, plus an applicable margin, or the base rate as defined in the agreement plus an applicable margin. The applicable margin ranges from 2.25% to 3.25% in the case of LIBOR loans and 1.25% to 2.25% in the case of the base rate loans, in each case, based on the Company’s consolidated leverage ratio as defined in the Credit Agreement. Interest on the loans is payable quarterly in arrears. In addition, the Company is obligated to pay a quarterly commitment fee based on a percentage of the unused portion of each lender’s commitment under the Credit Facility and quarterly letter of credit fees based on a percentage of the maximum amount available to be drawn under each outstanding letter of credit. The commitment fee and letter of credit fee range from 0.25% to 0.50% and 2.25% to 3.25% , respectively, in each case, based on the Company’s consolidated leverage ratio. The Company’s obligations under the Credit Facility are guaranteed by all of the Company’s present and future domestic subsidiaries, excluding certain domestic subsidiaries which include the Company’s insurance captive and the Company’s investment in Matrix. The Company’s obligations under, and each guarantor’s obligations under its guaranty of, the Credit Facility are secured by a first priority lien on substantially all of the Company’s respective assets, including a pledge of 100% of the issued and outstanding stock of the Company’s domestic subsidiaries, excluding the Company’s insurance captive. The Credit Agreement contains customary affirmative and negative covenants and events of default. The negative covenants include restrictions on the Company’s ability to, among other things, incur additional indebtedness, create liens, make investments, give guarantees, pay dividends, sell assets, and merge and consolidate. The Company is subject to financial covenants, including consolidated net leverage and consolidated interest coverage covenants. Capital Leases We have capital leases for information technology hardware and software with termination dates ranging from January 2018 through October 2020. The terms of the leases are between 12 and 36 months , with interest recorded at an incremental borrowing rate of 3.28% . At December 31, 2018 , $1,894 represents the hardware and software under capital leases and $673 represents the related accumulated depreciation.

Convertible Preferred Stock, Ne

Convertible Preferred Stock, Net	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Preferred Stock, Number of Shares, Par Value and Other Disclosures [Abstract]
Convertible Preferred Stock, Net	Convertible Preferred Stock, Net The Company completed a rights offering on February 5, 2015 (the “Rights Offering”) providing all of the Company’s existing common stockholders the non-transferrable right to purchase their pro rata share of $65,500 of convertible preferred stock at a price equal to $100.00 per share (“Preferred Stock”). The Preferred Stock is convertible into shares of Providence’s common stock, $0.001 par value per share (“Common Stock”) at a conversion price equal to $39.88 per share, which was the closing price of the Company’s Common Stock on NASDAQ on October 22, 2014. Stockholders exercised subscription rights to purchase 130,884 shares of the Company’s Preferred Stock. Pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Standby Purchase Agreement (the “Standby Purchase Agreement”) between Coliseum Capital Partners, L.P., Coliseum Capital Partners II, L.P., Blackwell Partners, LLC - Series A and Coliseum Capital Co-Invest, L.P. (collectively, the “Coliseum Stockholders”) and the Company, the remaining 524,116 shares of the Company’s Preferred Stock were purchased by the Coliseum Stockholders at the $100.00 per share subscription price. The Company received $65,500 in aggregate gross proceeds from the consummation of the Rights Offering and Standby Purchase Agreement. Additionally, on March 12, 2015, the Coliseum Stockholders exercised their right to purchase an additional 150,000 shares of the Company’s Preferred Stock, at a purchase price of $105.00 per share or a total purchase price of $15,750 , of the same series and having the same conversion price as the Preferred Stock sold in the Rights Offering. The Company may pay a noncumulative cash dividend on each share of Preferred Stock, if and when declared by a committee of its Board of Directors (“Board”), at the rate of five and one-half percent ( 5.5 %) per annum on the liquidation preference then in effect. On or before the third business day immediately preceding each fiscal quarter, the Company must determine its intention whether or not to pay a cash dividend with respect to that ensuing quarter and will give notice of its intention to each holder of Preferred Stock as soon as practicable thereafter. In the event the Company does not declare and pay a cash dividend, the Company will declare a payment-in-kind (“PIK”) dividend by increasing the liquidation preference of the convertible Preferred Stock to an amount equal to the liquidation preference in effect at the start of the applicable dividend period, plus an amount equal to the liquidation preference then in effect multiplied by eight and one-half percent ( 8.5 %) per annum, computed on the basis of a 365 -day year and the actual number of days elapsed from the start of the applicable dividend period to the applicable date of determination. All holders of the Company’s Preferred Stock are able to convert their Preferred Stock into shares of Common Stock at a rate of approximately 2.51 shares of Common Stock for each share of Preferred Stock. As of December 31, 2018 , a total of 3,394 shares of Preferred Stock have been converted to 8,503 shares of Common Stock. Cash dividends are payable quarterly in arrears on January 1, April 1, July 1 and October 1 of each year, and commenced on April 1, 2015, and, if declared, begin to accrue on the first day of the applicable dividend period. PIK dividends, if applicable, accrue cumulatively on the same schedule as set forth above for cash dividends and are also compounded at the applicable annual rate on each applicable subsequent dividend date. Cash dividends on redeemable convertible preferred stock totaling $4,413 , or $5.50 per share, $4,418 , or $5.50 per share, and $4,419 , or $5.50 per share, were distributed to convertible preferred stockholders for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively. The Preferred Stock is accounted for outside of stockholders’ equity as it may be redeemed upon certain change in control events that are not solely in the control of the Company. Dividends are recorded in stockholders’ equity and consist of the 5.5% / 8.5% dividend. Certain other provisions apply in certain change in control events. The following table summarizes the Preferred Stock activity for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 : Dollar Value Share Count Balance at December 31, 2016 $ 77,565 803,398 Conversion to common stock (20 ) (198 ) Allocation of issuance costs 1 — Balance at December 31, 2017 $ 77,546 803,200 Conversion to common stock (161 ) (1,594 ) Allocation of issuance costs 7 — Balance at December 31, 2018 $ 77,392 801,606 As of December 31, 2018 and 2017 , the outstanding shares of Preferred Stock were convertible into 2,010,045 and 2,014,042 shares of Common Stock, respectively.

Stockholders' Equity

Stockholders' Equity	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]
Stockholders' Equity	Stockholders’ Equity At December 31, 2018 and 2017 there were 17,784,769 and 17,473,598 shares of the Company’s Common Stock issued, respectively, including 4,970,093 and 4,126,132 treasury shares at December 31, 2018 and 2017 , respectively. Subject to the rights specifically granted to holders of any then outstanding shares of the Company’s Preferred Stock, the Company’s common stockholders are entitled to vote together as a class on all matters submitted to a vote of the Company’s common stockholders, and are entitled to any dividends that may be declared by the Board. The Company’s common stockholders do not have cumulative voting rights. Upon the Company’s dissolution, liquidation or winding up, holders of the Company’s Common Stock are entitled to share ratably in the Company’s net assets after payment or provision for all liabilities and any preferential liquidation rights of the Company’s Preferred Stock then outstanding. The Company’s common stockholders do not have preemptive rights to purchase shares of the Company’s stock. The issued and outstanding shares of the Company’s Common Stock are not subject to any redemption provisions and are not convertible into any other shares of the Company’s capital stock. The rights, preferences and privileges of holders of the Company’s Common Stock will be subject to those of the holders of any shares of the Company’s Preferred Stock the Company may issue in the future. The following table reflects the total number of shares of the Company’s Common Stock reserved for future issuance as of December 31, 2018 : Shares of common stock reserved for: Exercise of stock options and restricted stock awards 960,719 Conversion of preferred stock to common stock 2,010,045 Total shares of common stock reserved for future issuance 2,970,764 Share Repurchases On November 4, 2015, the Board authorized the Company to engage in a repurchase program to repurchase up to $70,000 in aggregate value of the Company’s Common Stock during the twelve-month period following November 4, 2015. This plan terminated on November 3, 2016. A total of 1,360,249 shares were purchased through this plan for $62,981 , excluding commission payments. On October 26, 2016, the Board authorized a new repurchase program, under which the Company may repurchase up to $100,000 in aggregate value of the Company’s Common Stock during the twelve-month period following October 26, 2016. Through October 26, 2017, a total of 770,808 shares were purchased through this plan for $30,360 , excluding commission payments. On November 2, 2017, the Board approved the extension of the Company’s October 26, 2016 stock repurchase program, authorizing the Company to engage in a repurchase program to repurchase up to $69,640 (the amount remaining from the $100,000 repurchase amount authorized in 2016) in aggregate value of our Common Stock through December 31, 2018. Subsequently, on March 29, 2018, the Board authorized an increase in the amount available for stock repurchases under the Company’s existing stock repurchase program by $77,800 , and extended the existing stock repurchase program through June 30, 2019. As of December 31, 2018 , 1,018,989 shares were purchased under this plan after it was extended on November 2, 2017 for $66,256 , excluding commission payments. During the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , the Company withheld 5,242 , 19,556 and 2,736 shares, respectively, from employees to cover the settlement of income tax and related benefit withholding obligations arising from vesting of restricted stock awards. In addition, during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company withheld 12,676 and 5,665 shares, respectively, from employees to cover the settlement of income tax and related benefit withholding obligations and the exercise price upon the exercise of stock options.

Stock-Based Compensation and Si

Stock-Based Compensation and Similar Arrangements	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Share-based Compensation [Abstract]
Stock-Based Compensation and Similar Arrangements	Stock-Based Compensation and Similar Arrangements The Company provides stock-based compensation to employees, non-employee directors, consultants and advisors under the Company’s 2006 Long-Term Incentive Plan (“2006 Plan”). The 2006 Plan allows the flexibility to grant or award stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, unrestricted stock, stock units including restricted stock units and performance awards to eligible persons. The following table summarizes the activity under the 2006 Plan as of December 31, 2018 : Number of shares of the Company’s Common Stock authorized for Number of shares Number of shares of the Company’s Common Stock subject to issuance future grants Stock Options Stock Grants 2006 Plan 5,400,000 1,356,820 908,588 52,131 The following table reflects the amount of stock-based compensation, for share settled awards issued to employees and non-employee directors, recorded in each financial statement line item for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 : Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Service expense $ 950 $ 434 $ 841 General and administrative expense 8,037 7,052 4,324 Equity in net loss (gain) of investees 137 76 18 (Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax 6 57 (29 ) Total stock-based compensation $ 9,130 $ 7,619 $ 5,154 Stock-based compensation included in service expense is related to the NET Services segment, whereas the amount included in equity in net loss (gain) of investees is related to the Matrix Investment segment, as a member of Matrix management continues to hold Providence equity awards. The amounts above exclude tax benefits of $1,888 , $2,885 and $2,072 for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively. Stock Options During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company did not grant any stock options. The fair value of each stock option awarded to employees is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing formula based on the following assumptions for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017: Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 Expected dividend yield 0.0% 0.0% Expected stock price volatility 26.47% — 39.83% 19.5% — 42.95% Risk-free interest rate 2.26% — 2.91% 1.0% — 2.23% Expected life of options (years) 1.29 — 6.50 0.03 — 6.50 The risk-free interest rate was based on the U.S. Treasury security rate in effect as of the date of grant which corresponds to the expected life of the award. The expected stock price volatility was based on the Company’s historical data. The expected lives of options were based on the Company’s historical data, a simplified method for plain vanilla options, or the Company’s best estimate where appropriate. The simplified method was used for plain vanilla options for which the Company did not have sufficient historical data to use in determining the expected life. In connection with the Organizational Consolidation, on April 9, 2018, the Company entered into an agreement with R. Carter Pate for his continued employment as the Company’s Interim CEO through June 30, 2019. The agreement also provided for a grant of unvested options to purchase up to 394,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, at a price of $71.67 per share, which was the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the grant date. The options are subject to vesting as follows: (i) 50% of the options will become vested if Mr. Pate remains employed by the Company through June 30, 2019 (the “Time-Vesting Options”), (ii) 25% of the options will become vested on March 31, 2019 if the Company has achieved its budget for its 2018 fiscal year, subject to certain adjustments, and Mr. Pate is then employed, and (iii) 25% of the options will become vested on March 31, 2019 subject to Mr. Pate’s achievement of other performance metrics if Mr. Pate is then employed. In recognition of certain holding company employees’ essential contributions to the success of the Company, and to encourage further alignment with the Company’s long-term interests through the ownership of equity, Mr. Pate voluntarily set aside 98,500 of the options granted to him, representing 25% of his total award. The value of the awards of $1,273 was fully expensed in the three months ended June 30, 2018. The Compensation Committee of the Board granted cash bonuses to employees based upon their performance throughout the Organizational Consolidation process in December 2018 in relation to the options voluntarily set aside by Mr. Pate. In accordance with the terms of the agreement and actual performance to budget, only half of the options related to the budget performance criteria in (ii) above will vest. In addition, the Time-Vesting Options will become fully vested upon a “change in control” (as defined in the 2006 Plan) or a termination of Mr. Pate’s employment by the Company without “cause” (as defined in the Company’s 2015 Holding Company LTI Program) or for “good reason” (as defined in the Option Agreement). Once vested, the options will remain exercisable until April 8, 2021, unless terminated earlier due to a termination of Mr. Pate’s employment for “cause”. Also, in connection with the Organizational Consolidation and his appointment as Interim CFO, on April 9, 2018, William Severance received an option to purchase 13,710 shares of common stock at a price of $71.67 per share, which was the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the grant date. The options will become fully exercisable on May 10, 2019, subject to Mr. Severance’s continued employment with the Company, and if not exercised will expire on December 31, 2020. During the fourth quarter of 2017, James Lindstrom resigned from the Company as Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and board member of the Company. As a result of Mr. Lindstrom’s resignation as CEO, a separation agreement was entered into between the Company and Mr. Lindstrom. As a result of this separation agreement, Mr. Lindstrom was granted 125,000 stock options with an exercise price of $61.33 per share that were immediately vested. 75,000 of these options were exercised during the year ended December 31, 2018, the remaining options expired on December 31, 2018. During the year ended December 31, 2018 , the Company issued 266,293 shares of its Common Stock in connection with the exercise of employee stock options under the Company’s 2006 Plan. The following table summarizes the stock option activity for the year ended December 31, 2018 : Year ended December 31, 2018 Number of Shares Under Option Weighted- average Exercise Price Weighted- average Remaining Contractual Term Aggregate Intrinsic Value Balance at beginning of period, January 1 606,695 $ 48.70 Granted 750,993 66.73 Exercised (278,969 ) 44.82 Forfeited/Canceled (120,131 ) 68.81 Expired (50,000 ) 61.33 Outstanding at end of period, December 31 908,588 $ 61.44 2.40 $ 4,348 Vested or expected to vest at end of period, December 31 871,651 $ 61.01 2.49 $ 4,348 Exercisable at end of period, December 31 263,897 $ 50.28 1.98 $ 2,570 The weighted-average grant date fair value for options granted, total intrinsic value and cash received by the Company related to options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 were as follows: Year ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Weighted-average grant date fair value per share $ 15.08 $ 9.05 $ — Options exercised: Total intrinsic value $ 6,805 $ 2,010 $ 979 Cash received $ 12,413 $ 1,921 $ 4,108 Stock Option Modifications As part of the Company’s retention plan associated with the Organizational Consolidation, the Company provided that unvested stock-based awards to employees subject to the retention plan will vest in full upon their termination dates so long as those employees fulfill their service obligation to the Company under the retention plan. As such, the vesting terms of 11,035 stock options were modified. Additionally, the exercise terms of the respective unvested stock options were modified to allow for exercise through December 31, 2020. As a result of the modifications, the Company revalued the awards as of April 9, 2018, and is expensing the unrecognized stock-based compensation cost, based on the new fair value, through the termination date of each relevant employee. Additional expense incurred during the year ended December 31, 2018, as a result of the modification, totaled $168 . See Note 10, Restructuring and Related Reorganization Costs, for additional information. During the fourth quarter of 2017, as a result of the separation agreement between the Company and Mr. Lindstrom, Mr. Lindstrom’s outstanding stock options from his grants of 11,319 on August 6, 2015 and 9,798 on March 15, 2017 were modified to accelerate the vesting date of both awards to November 15, 2017 and allow exercise of the stock options until December 31, 2018. As a result of the modification to the terms of the original stock options granted to Mr. Lindstrom, the Company recognized an accelerated expense of $83 on the award for the year ended December 31, 2017. Restricted Stock Awards During the year ended December 31, 2018 , the Company granted 20,242 shares of restricted stock (“RSAs”) to non-employee directors of its Board, executive officers and certain key employees. The awards primarily vest in three equal installments on the first, second and third anniversaries of the date of grant. During the year ended December 31, 2018 , the Company issued 27,894 shares of its Common Stock to non-employee directors, executive officers and key employees upon the vesting of certain RSAs granted in 2017 , 2016 and 2015 under the Company’s 2006 Plan. The following table summarizes the activity of the shares and weighted-average grant date fair value of the Company’s unvested restricted Common Stock during the year ended December 31, 2018 : Shares Weighted-average grant date fair value Non-vested at beginning of period, January 1 64,779 $ 44.82 Granted 20,242 $ 66.07 Vested (27,894 ) $ 46.39 Forfeited or cancelled (9,799 ) $ 46.83 Non-vested at end of period, December 31 47,328 $ 52.56 As of December 31, 2018 , there was $7,604 of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested share settled stock options and RSAs granted under the 2006 Plan. The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.2 years. The total fair value of stock options and RSAs vested was $4,428 , $3,550 and $1,383 for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively. Restricted Stock Award Modifications As part of the Company’s retention plan associated with the Organizational Consolidation, the Company provided that unvested stock-based awards to employees subject to the retention plan will vest in full upon their termination dates so long as those employees fulfill their service obligation to the Company under the retention plan. As such, the vesting terms of 7,286 restricted stock awards were modified. As a result of the modifications, the Company revalued the awards as of April 9, 2018, and is expensing the unrecognized stock-based compensation cost, based on the new fair value, through the termination date of each relevant employee. Additional expense incurred during the year ended December 31, 2018, as a result of the modification, totaled $290 . See Note 10, Restructuring and Related Reorganization Costs, for additional information. Restricted Stock Units During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company granted 5,930 restricted stock units to a key employee, related to the terms of a separation agreement, that vested on January 3, 2017. The units were settled through a cash payment of $304 during the year ended December 31, 2017. The award was classified as a liability, and the expense recorded was based upon the Company’s closing stock price at the end of each reporting period and the completed requisite service period. Deferred Share Units During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company granted 4,803 deferred share units to a director that vested on June 8, 2018, but will not be released until March 3, 2019. The units were fully expensed during the year ended December 31, 2018 and had a grant date fair value of $75.51 per share. Cash Settled Awards During the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively, the Company issued 2,017 , 3,097 and 3,360 stock equivalent units (“SEUs”), which settle in cash upon vesting, to Coliseum Capital Partners, L.P., in lieu of a grant to Christopher Shackelton, Chairman of the Board, for his service on the Board, which vest one-third upon each anniversary of the vesting date. The fair value of the SEUs is based on the closing stock price on the last day of the period and the completed requisite service period. The Company recorded $209 , $235 and $287 of expense for SEUs during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company issued 200,000 stock option equivalent units (“SOEUs”), with an exercise price of $43.81 per share, which settle in cash, to Coliseum Capital Partners, L.P in lieu of a grant to Christopher Shackelton, for other services rendered. All 200,000 SOEUs were outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2018 . This award vested one-third upon grant, one-third on June 30, 2015 and one-third on June 30, 2016. No additional SOEUs were granted during the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016. The Company recorded benefits of $191 and $1,517 for SOEUs during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2016 , respectively, and expense of $2,146 during the year ended December 31, 2017. The benefits and expense are included in “General and administrative expense” in the consolidated statements of operations. The fair value of the SOEUs was estimated as of December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 using the Black-Scholes option-pricing formula and amortized over the option’s graded vesting periods with the following assumptions: Year ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Expected dividend yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Expected stock price volatility 27.82% — 30.59% 23.36% — 32.09% 35.71% — 41.8% Risk-free interest rate 2.50% — 2.61% 1.75% — 1.95% 1.11% — 1.64% Expected life of options (in years) 0.75 — 1.75 0.75 — 2.75 1.00 — 3.00 As of December 31, 2018 and 2017 , the Company had a short-term liability of $3,719 and $3,938 , respectively, in “Accrued expenses” in the consolidated balance sheets related to unexercised vested and unvested cash settled share-based payment awards. The cash settled share-based compensation expense in total excluded a tax benefit of $908 for the year ended December 31, 2017. The cash settled share-based compensation benefit in total excluded a tax expense of $4 and $492 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2016. The unrecognized compensation cost for SEUs is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 0.7 years; however, the total expense for both SEUs and SOEUs will continue to be adjusted until the awards are settled. Holdco Long-Term Incentive Plan On August 6, 2015 (the “Award Date”), the Compensation Committee of the Board adopted the 2015 Holding Company LTI Program (“HoldCo LTIP”) under the 2006 Plan. Under the program, executives would receive shares of Providence common stock based on the shareholder value created in excess of an 8.0% compounded annual return between the Award Date and December 31, 2017 (the “Extraordinary Shareholder Value”). The Award Date value was calculated on the basis of the Providence stock price equal to the volume weighted average of the common share price over the 90 -day trading period ending on the Award Date. The Extraordinary Shareholder Value was calculated on the basis of the Providence stock price equal to the volume weighted average of the common share price over the 90-day trading period ending on December 31, 2017. A pool for use in the allocation of awards was created equal to 8.0% of the Extraordinary Shareholder Value. It was determined that no shares would be distributed under the Holdco LTIP as the calculation of the pool amount was zero. $4,738 and $3,319 of expense are included in “General and administrative expense” in the consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 , respectively. These awards were classified as equity and the fair value of the awards was calculated using a Monte-Carlo simulation valuation model. The fair value of the awards granted in 2016 were estimated using the following assumptions: Year ended December 31, 2016 Forward interest rate 0.24% — 2.71% Expected Volatility 40.0% Dividend Yield —% Fair Value of Total Pool $12,870

Vertical Long-Term Incentive Pl

Vertical Long-Term Incentive Plans	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Employee Benefits and Share-based Compensation, Noncash [Abstract]
Vertical Long-Term Incentive Plans	Long-Term Incentive Plans The Company established Long-Term Incentive Plans (“LTIPs”) for the Company’s operating segments during the fourth quarter of 2015. The awards pay in cash, however up to 50% of the award may be paid in unrestricted stock if the recipient elects this option when the LTIP offer letter is received. In addition, at the discretion of the Company, the recipients may be able to elect unrestricted stock in lieu of cash compensation at a later date. The LTIPs reward participants based on certain measures of free cash flow and EBITDA results adjusted as specified in the plan document. The awards vest in three installments: 60% of the award will pay out immediately following December 31, 2017, 25% one year following the performance period (i.e. December 31, 2018) and 15% two years following the performance period (i.e. December 31, 2019). Payout is subject to the participant remaining employed by the Company. During 2017, the Company revised the structure of the NET Services long-term incentive plan. As a result, the Company finalized the amount payable under the plan at $2,956 . The total value will be paid to the awarded participants per the terms of the original agreement and thus the remaining unamortized expense relating to this plan continues to be recognized over the remaining service period. For the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 , and 2016, a benefit of $253 , expense of $816 and expense of $1,513 , respectively, is included in “Service expense” in the consolidated statements of operations related to this plan. At December 31, 2018 and 2017, the liability for long-term incentive plans of the Company’s operating segments of $630 and $2,657 , respectively, is reflected in “Accrued expenses” and “Other long-term liabilities” in the consolidated balance sheets. The Board approved the LogistiCare 2017 Senior Executive LTI Plan (the “LogistiCare LTIP”) for executive management and key employees of NET Services during the three months ending March 31, 2018. The LogistiCare LTIP pays in cash, however up to 50% of the award may be paid in unrestricted stock if the recipient elects this option prior to the award payment date. The LogistiCare LTIP rewards participants based on certain measures of free cash flow and EBITDA results adjusted as specified in the plan document. The awards have a performance period of January 1, 2017 through December 31, 2019, with a payout date within two and a half months of the performance period end date. Payout is subject to the participant remaining employed by the Company on the payment date. The maximum amount that can be earned through the LogistiCare LTIP is $7,000 . As of December 31, 2018 , 65.5% of the awards have been issued under the LogistiCare LTIP. No expense has been incurred for this plan during the year ended December 31, 2018 , as we currently believe that it is not probable the defined measures will be met. In connection with the acquisition of Circulation, the Company established a management incentive plan (“MIP”) that is intended to motivate key employees of Circulation whereby they may be entitled to cash payments if certain financial measures are met based upon cumulative NET Services EBITDA; less the assumption of former Corporate and Other segment costs; less cumulative CAPEX (“MIP Financial Performance”) for the performance period January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021 as compared to the baseline, as determined by the Board. To the extent amounts are earned, the payout date is within 30 days following the finalization of the Company’s audited financial statements for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2021. Payout is subject to the participant remaining employed by the Company through December 31, 2021. The amount that can be earned through the MIP ranges from $12,500 to $237,500 based on a range of value of the MIP Financial Performance of $272,500 to $395,500 . As of December 31, 2018 , the Company has accrued $1,441 , reflected in “Other long-term liabilities” in the consolidated balance sheet, towards its estimate of the expected payout under the MIP.

Earnings Per Share

Earnings Per Share	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Earnings Per Share	Earnings Per Share The following table details the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share: Year ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Numerator: Net (loss) income attributable to Providence $ (18,981 ) $ 53,369 $ 91,928 Less dividends on convertible preferred stock (4,420 ) (4,419 ) (4,419 ) Less income allocated to participating securities (1,856 ) (6,314 ) (10,569 ) Net (loss) income available to common stockholders $ (25,257 ) $ 42,636 $ 76,940 Continuing operations $ 11,953 $ 40,647 $ 19,749 Discontinued operations (37,210 ) 1,989 57,191 $ (25,257 ) $ 42,636 $ 76,940 Denominator: Denominator for basic earnings per share -- weighted-average shares 12,960,837 13,602,140 14,666,896 Effect of dilutive securities: Common stock options 72,410 66,314 105,837 Performance-based restricted stock units — 4,860 6,665 Denominator for diluted earnings per share -- adjusted weighted-average shares assumed conversion 13,033,247 13,673,314 14,779,398 Basic earnings (loss) per share: Continuing operations $ 0.92 $ 2.99 $ 1.35 Discontinued operations (2.87 ) 0.15 3.90 $ (1.95 ) $ 3.14 $ 5.25 Diluted earnings (loss) per share: Continuing operations $ 0.92 $ 2.97 $ 1.34 Discontinued operations (2.86 ) 0.15 3.87 $ (1.94 ) $ 3.12 $ 5.21 Income allocated to participating securities is calculated by allocating a portion of net income attributable to Providence, less dividends on convertible stock, to the convertible preferred stockholders on a pro-rata as converted basis; however, the convertible preferred stockholders are not allocated losses. The following weighted-average shares were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share as the effect of their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive: Year ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Stock options to purchase common stock 560,547 362,392 22,638 Convertible preferred stock 802,489 803,323 803,442

Operating Leases and Service Co

Operating Leases and Service Commitment	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Leases, Operating [Abstract]
Operating Leases and Service Commitment	Operating Leases and Service Commitment Operating Leases The Company has non-cancelable contractual obligations in the form of operating leases for office space, related office equipment and other facilities. The leases expire in various years and generally provide for renewal options. In the normal course of business, it is expected that these leases will be renewed or replaced by leases on other properties. Certain operating leases provide for increases in future minimum annual rental payments based on defined increases in the Consumer Price Index, subject to certain minimum increases. Several of these lease agreements contain provisions for periods in which rent payments are reduced. The total amount of rental payments due over the lease term is being charged to rent expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. The cumulative difference between rent expense recorded and the amount paid, for continuing operations, as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 was $2,115 and $2,209 , respectively, and is included in “Accrued expenses” and “Other long-term liabilities” in the consolidated balance sheets. Future minimum payments under non-cancelable operating leases for equipment and property with initial terms of one year or more consisted of the following at December 31, 2018 : Operating Leases 2019 $ 8,825 2020 6,452 2021 4,594 2022 3,801 2023 1,767 Thereafter 1,600 Total future minimum lease payments $ 27,039 Rent expense for continuing operations related to operating leases was $10,960 , $10,250 and $9,624 , for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively. Also, the lease agreements generally require the Company to pay executory costs such as real estate taxes, insurance, and repairs, which are recorded to expense as incurred. Service Commitment The Company has entered into a commitment related to transportation services. The commitment amount represents the minimum obligation the Company has under this agreement. If the Company does not utilize the minimum level of services specified in the agreement, a penalty provision will apply. However, the minimum obligation is less than the Company’s projected use for these periods and payments may be more than the minimum obligation based on actual use. Future minimum payments under this service commitment consisted of the following at December 31, 2018: Service Commitment 2019 $ 9,509 2020 19,208 Total future minimum payments $ 28,717

Retirement Plan

Retirement Plan	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
Retirement Plan	Retirement Plan The Company maintains a qualified defined contribution plan under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, for all employees of its NET Services’ operating segment and corporate personnel. The Company, at its discretion, may make a matching contribution to the plan. Any matching contributions vest over 5 years. Unvested matching contributions are forfeitable upon employee termination. Employee contributions are fully vested and non-forfeitable. The Company’s contributions to the plan for continuing operations were $340 , $304 and $232 , for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively. The Company also maintains a Deferred Compensation Rabbi Trust Plan for highly compensated employees of NET Services. This plan was put in place to compensate for the inability of highly compensated employees to take full advantage of the Company’s 401(k) plan. Additional information is included in Note 20, Commitments and Contingencies .

Income Taxes

Income Taxes	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Taxes	Income Taxes The federal and state tax provision is summarized as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Federal income tax expense (benefit): Current $ 3,462 $ 19,011 $ 20,963 Deferred (1,157 ) (19,762 ) (6,545 ) Total Federal income tax expense (benefit) 2,305 (751 ) 14,418 State income tax expense (benefit): Current 2,113 4,048 4,501 Deferred 266 706 (947 ) Total State income tax expense (benefit) 2,379 4,754 3,554 Total provision for income taxes $ 4,684 $ 4,003 $ 17,972 A reconciliation of the provision for income taxes with amounts determined by applying the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate to income from continuing operations before income taxes is as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Federal statutory rates 21 % 35 % 35 % Federal income tax at statutory rates $ 4,812 $ 19,281 $ 15,699 Revaluation of net deferred tax liabilities due to U.S. tax reform (286 ) (19,304 ) — U.S. tax reform impact on equity income of investees — (1,646 ) — Change in valuation allowance 36 177 296 Change in uncertain tax positions 108 7 73 State income taxes, net of federal benefit 1,843 3,157 2,399 Compensation expense 235 — — Stock compensation 76 3,400 — Meals and entertainment 74 99 94 Transaction costs 263 159 — Cost method investment re-measurement gain (1,381 ) — — Tax credits (1,208 ) (354 ) (947 ) Legal expense — (805 ) 522 Other 112 (168 ) (164 ) Provision for income taxes $ 4,684 $ 4,003 $ 17,972 Effective income tax rate 20 % 7 % 40 % Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities of continuing operations are as follows: December 31, 2018 2017 Deferred tax assets: Net operating loss carryforwards $ 19,485 $ — Capital loss carryforward 1,072 — Tax credit carryforwards 840 486 Accounts receivable allowance 227 1,134 Accrued items and reserves 6,817 8,297 Stock compensation 1,480 1,480 Deferred rent 543 572 Deferred revenue 272 — Other 773 172 31,509 12,141 Deferred tax liabilities: Deferred financing costs 12 38 Prepaids 900 1,439 Property and equipment depreciation 3,492 3,329 Goodwill and intangibles amortization 6,944 3,678 Equity investment 40,577 42,113 Other — 303 51,925 50,900 Net deferred tax liabilities (20,416 ) (38,759 ) Less valuation allowance (2,633 ) (473 ) Net deferred tax liabilities $ (23,049 ) $ (39,232 ) Net noncurrent deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance of $0 for 2018 and 2017 $ 2,601 $ — Net noncurrent deferred tax liabilities, net of valuation allowance of $2,633 and $473 for 2018 and 2017, respectively (25,650 ) (39,232 ) $ (23,049 ) $ (39,232 ) At December 31, 2018 , the Company had approximately $86,865 of federal net operating loss carryforwards, including $3,055 which will expire primarily in 2037 and $83,810 which can be carried forward indefinitely. In addition, at December 31, 2018, the Company had approximately $26,936 of state net operating loss carryforwards which expire as follows: 2023 $ 2,021 Thereafter 24,915 Total state net operating loss carryforwards $ 26,936 Approximately $8,600 of the U.S. and state net operating loss carryforwards relate to Circulation, Inc. pre-acquisition tax periods and are subject to change of ownership limitations on their use. These limitations are not expected to restrict the ultimate use of these loss carryforwards. Realization of the Company’s net operating loss carryforwards is dependent on generating sufficient taxable income. Although realization is not assured, management believes it is more likely than not that all of the deferred tax assets will be realized, to the extent they are not covered by a valuation allowance. The amount of the deferred tax asset considered realizable, however, could be reduced in the near term if estimates of future taxable income during the carryforward period are reduced. The net change in the total valuation allowance for the year ended December 31, 2018 was $2,160 , of which $36 related to current operations, $ 1,492 related to discontinued operations and $ 632 related to the balance from the Circulation acquisition. The valuation allowance of $2,633 includes $2,166 for state net operating loss, capital loss and tax credit carryforwards and $467 for stock compensation and accrued liability deferred tax assets for which the Company has concluded that it is more likely than not that these carryforwards and deferred tax assets will not be realized in the ordinary course of operations. The Company will continue to assess the valuation allowance, and to the extent it is determined that the valuation allowance should be changed, an appropriate adjustment will be recorded. U.S. Tax Reform On December 22, 2017, the Tax Reform Act was enacted which institutes fundamental changes to the taxation of multinational corporations. The Tax Reform Act includes changes to the taxation of foreign earnings by implementing a dividend exemption system, expansion of the current anti-deferral rules, a minimum tax on low-taxed foreign earnings and new measures to deter base erosion. The Tax Reform Act also includes a permanent reduction in the corporate tax rate to 21%, repeal of the corporate alternative minimum tax, expensing of capital investment, and limitation of the deduction for interest expense. Furthermore, as part of the transition to the new tax system, a one-time transition tax is imposed on a U.S. shareholder’s historical undistributed earnings and profits (“E&P”) of foreign affiliates. Although the Tax Reform Act is generally effective January 1, 2018, GAAP requires recognition of the tax effects of new legislation during the reporting period that includes the enactment date, which was December 22, 2017. As a result of the reduction in the U.S. corporate income tax rate, the Company revalued its ending net deferred tax liabilities as of December 31, 2017 and recognized a provisional tax benefit of $20,950 . The Company projected net accumulated deficits in foreign E&P; therefore, no provisional tax expense for deemed repatriation was recognized. On December 22, 2017, the SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (“SAB 118”) to address the application of GAAP in situations when a registrant does not have the necessary information available, prepared, or analyzed (including computations) in reasonable detail to complete the accounting for certain income tax effects of the Tax Reform Act. In accordance with the SAB 118 guidance, the Company has recognized the provisional tax impacts related to the benefit for the revaluation of deferred tax assets and liabilities in its consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017. The financial reporting impact of the Tax Reform Act was completed in the fourth quarter of 2018 and an additional benefit of $286 was recorded. Unrecognized Tax Benefits The Company expects no material amount of the unrecognized tax benefits to be recognized during the next twelve months. The Company recognizes interest and penalties as a component of income tax expense. During the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , the Company recognized approximately $47 , $65 and $19 , respectively, in interest and penalties from continuing operations. The Company had approximately $109 and $83 for the payment of penalties and interest of continuing operations accrued as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 , respectively. A reconciliation of the liability for unrecognized income tax benefits for continuing operations is as follows: December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Unrecognized tax benefits, beginning of year $ 1,115 $ 1,108 $ 271 Balance upon acquisition/disposition — — 764 Increase related to prior year positions 104 22 37 Increase related to current year tax positions 160 101 139 Statute of limitations expiration (157 ) (116 ) (103 ) Unrecognized tax benefits, end of year $ 1,222 $ 1,115 $ 1,108 The Company is subject to taxation in the U.S. and various state jurisdictions. The statute of limitations is generally three years for the U.S. and between three and four years for the various states in which the Company operates. The tax years that remain open for examination by the U.S. and states principally include the years 2014 to 2017 .

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies	Commitments and Contingencies Legal proceedings In the ordinary course of business, the Company is a party to various lawsuits. Management does not expect these lawsuits to have a material impact on the liquidity, results of operations, or financial condition of the Company. On January 21, 2019, the United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio unsealed a qui tam complaint, filed in December 2015, against Mobile Care Group, Inc., Mobile Care Group of Ohio, LLC, Mobile Care EMS & Transport, Inc. and LogistiCare Solutions, LLC (“LogistiCare”) by the relators Brandee White, Laura Cunningham, and Jeffery Wisier (the “Relators”) alleging violations of the federal False Claims Act by presenting claims for payment to government healthcare programs knowing that the prerequisites for such claims to be paid had not been met. The Relators seek to recover damages, fees and costs under the federal False Claims Act including treble damages, civil penalties and attorneys’ fees. In addition, the Relators seek reinstatement to their jobs with the Mobile Care entities. None of the Relators was employed by LogistiCare. Prior to January 21, 2019, LogistiCare had no knowledge of the complaint. The federal government has declined to intervene against LogistiCare. The Company intends to defend the litigation vigorously and believes that the case will not have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition or results of operations. Indemnifications related to Haverhill Litigation The Company indemnified the Coliseum Stockholders from and against any and all losses, claims, damages, expenses and liabilities relating to or arising out of (i) any breach of any representation, warranty, covenant or undertaking made by or on behalf of the Company in the Standby Purchase Agreement and (ii) the transactions contemplated by the Standby Purchase Agreement and the 14.0% Unsecured Subordinated Note in aggregate principal amount of $65,500 , except to the extent that any such losses, claims, damages, expenses and liabilities are attributable to the gross negligence, willful misconduct or fraud of such Coliseum Stockholder. The Company has also indemnified other third parties from and against any and all losses, claims, damages, expenses and liabilities arising out of or in connection with the Company’s acquisition of CCHN Group Holdings, Inc. (operating under the tradename Matrix, and formerly included in our HA Services segment) in October 2014 and related financing commitments, except to the extent that any such losses, claims, damages, expenses and liabilities are found in a final, non-appealable judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction to have resulted from the gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct of such third parties, or a material breach of such third parties’ obligations under the related agreements. In June 2015, a putative stockholder class action derivative complaint related to such rights offering and acquisition was filed in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware captioned Haverhill Retirement System v. Kerley et al., C.A. No. 11149-VCL (the “Haverhill Litigation”). In November 2017, the Company received a payment of $5,363 under the settlement agreement entered into by the parties to the Haverhill Litigation. The Company recorded $318 and $1,282 of such indemnified legal expenses related to the Haverhill Litigation during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 , respectively, which is included in “General and administrative expenses” in the consolidated statements of operations. Of these amounts, $245 and $757 for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 , respectively, were indemnified legal expenses of related parties. Other legal expenses of the Company related to the Haverhill Litigation are covered under the Company’s insurance policies, subject to applicable deductibles and customary review of the expenses by the carrier. The Company recognized a benefit of $226 for the year ended December 31, 2018 , and expense of $8 and $210 for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 , respectively. While the carrier typically remits payment directly to the respective law firm, the Company accrues for the cost and records a corresponding receivable for the amount to be paid by the carrier. The Company recognized an insurance receivable of $941 in “Other receivables” in the consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2017 , with a corresponding liability amount recorded to “Accrued expenses”. Other Indemnifications The Company provided certain standard indemnifications in connection with the sale of the Human Services segment to Molina Healthcare Inc. (“Molina”) effective November 1, 2015. Certain representations made by the Company in the related Membership Interest Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) including tax representations, survive until the expiration of applicable statutes of limitation. Molina and the Company entered into a settlement agreement regarding indemnification claims by Molina with respect to Rodriguez v. Providence Community Corrections (the “Rodriguez Litigation”) , a complaint filed in the District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee, Nashville Division, against Providence Community Corrections, Inc. (“PCC”), an entity sold under the Purchase Agreement. The Company expects to recover a portion of the settlement through insurance coverage, although this cannot be assured. The Company has provided certain standard indemnifications in connection with its Matrix stock subscription transaction whereby Mercury Fortuna Buyer, LLC (“Subscriber”), Providence and Matrix entered into a stock subscription agreement (the “Subscription Agreement”), dated August 28, 2016. The representations and warranties made by the Company in the Subscription Agreement ended January 19, 2018; however, certain fundamental representations survive through the 36th month following the closing date. The covenants and agreements of the parties to be performed prior to the closing ended January 19, 2018, and all other covenants and agreements survive until the expiration of the applicable statute of limitations in the event of a breach, or for such lesser periods specified therein. The Company is not aware of any indemnification liabilities with respect to Matrix that require accrual at December 31, 2018. The Company has provided certain standard indemnifications in connection with the sale of substantially all of its WD Services segment to APM, which closed on December 21, 2018. The non-title warranties made by the Company in the related Share Purchase Agreement survive for 18 months following the closing date, and the title-related warranties and tax warranties survive five years from the closing date. The Company is not aware of any indemnification liabilities with respect to the former WD Services segment that require accrual at December 31, 2018. On May 9, 2018, the Company entered into a registration indemnification agreement with the Coliseum Stockholders, who as of December 31, 2018, collectively held approximately 9.6% of the Company’s outstanding common stock and approximately 95.6% of the Company’s outstanding Preferred Stock, pursuant to which the Company has agreed to indemnify the Coliseum Stockholders, and the Coliseum Stockholders have agreed to indemnify the Company, against certain matters relating to the registration of the Coliseum Stockholders’ securities for resale under the Securities Act. Deferred Compensation Plan The Company has one deferred compensation plan for management and highly compensated employees of NET Services as of December 31, 2018 . The deferred compensation plan is unfunded, and benefits are paid from the general assets of the Company. The total of participant deferrals, which is reflected in “Other long-term liabilities” in the consolidated balance sheets, was $1,982 and $1,806 at December 31, 2018 and 2017 , respectively.

Transactions with Related Parti

Transactions with Related Parties	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]
Transactions with Related Parties	Transactions with Related Parties The Company incurred legal expenses under an indemnification agreement with the Coliseum Stockholders as further discussed in Note 20, Commitments and Contingencies . Preferred stock dividends earned by the Coliseum Stockholders during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 totaled $4,213 each year. Effective June 15, 2018, the Company registered shares of the Company’s common stock and Preferred Stock held by the Coliseum Stockholders for resale under the Securities Act and on May 9, 2018, in connection with such registration, the Company entered into a registration indemnification agreement with the Coliseum Stockholders as further discussed in Note 20, Commitments and Contingencies . During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company made a $566 loan to Mission Providence. The loan was also repaid during the year ended December 31, 2017.

Acquisitions

Acquisitions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Business Combinations [Abstract]
Acquisitions	Acquisitions During 2017, the Company made an equity investment in Circulation, which was accounted for as a cost method investment. On September 21, 2018, the Company’s subsidiary, LogistiCare, acquired all of the outstanding equity of Circulation, which offers a full suite of logistics solutions to manage non-emergency transportation across all areas of healthcare, powered by its HIPAA-compliant digital platform. Circulation enables administration of transportation benefits, proactively monitors for fraud, waste and abuse, and integrates all transportation capabilities (e.g. outsourced transportation, owned fleets, and other medical logistics services), while emphasizing patient convenience and satisfaction. Circulation’s proprietary platform simplifies ordering, improves reliability and efficiency, and reduces transportation spend. The Company believes the acquisition advances LogistiCare’s central mission of reducing transportation as a barrier to healthcare and will help deliver a differentiated user experience and provide a core technology and analytics platform that better positions LogistiCare for growth. The purchase price was comprised of cash consideration of $45,123 paid to Circulation’s equity holders (including holders of vested Circulation stock options), other than Providence. Per the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “merger agreement”), dated as of September 14, 2018, by and among LogistiCare, the Company, Catapult Merger Sub, a wholly-owned subsidiary of LogistiCare (“Merger Sub”), Circulation and Fortis Advisors LLC, as the representative of Circulation’s equity holders, Providence assumed certain unvested Circulation stock options under similar terms and conditions to the existing option awards previously issued by Circulation. The merger agreement also required $1,000 to be paid three years after the closing date of the transaction to each of the two co-founders of Circulation subject to their continued employment or provision of consulting services to LogistiCare. The value of the options assumed and co-founder hold back is accounted for as compensation, over the relevant vesting period, as such amounts are tied to future service conditions. The Company’s initial investment in Circulation was $3,000 in July 2017 to acquire a minority interest. As a result of the transactions pursuant to the merger agreement, the fair value of this pre-acquisition interest increased to $9,577 , and thus the Company recognized a gain of $6,577 . This gain is recorded as “Gain on remeasurement of cost method investment” on the Company’s consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2018. The Company determined the fair value of its pre-acquisition equity interest by multiplying the number of shares it held in Circulation pre-acquisition by the per-share consideration validated by reference to the total merger consideration agreed to with other unrelated equity holders in Circulation. The Company incurred acquisition and related costs for this acquisition of $1,729 during the year ended December 31, 2018. These expenses are primarily included in general and administrative expenses of the NET Services segment in the consolidated statements of operations. The purchase price of Circulation is calculated as follows: Cash purchase of common stock $ 45,123 Providence’s acquisition date fair value equity interest in Circulation 9,577 Total consideration $ 54,700 The table below presents Circulation’s net assets at the date of acquisition based upon the final estimate of respective fair values: Cash $ 1,302 Accounts receivable 996 Other assets 216 Property and equipment 49 Intangibles 15,700 Goodwill 40,001 Deferred taxes, net (2,199 ) Accounts payable and accrued liabilities (1,244 ) Deferred revenue (69 ) Other non-current liabilities (52 ) Total of assets acquired and liabilities assumed $ 54,700 The goodwill is allocated to the NET Services segment. None of the acquired goodwill is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. The fair value of intangible assets is as follows: Type Life Value Customer relationships Amortizable 3 years $ 1,400 Trademarks and trade names Amortizable 3 years 200 Developed technology Amortizable 5 years 14,100 $ 15,700 The amounts of Circulation’s revenue and net income included in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2018, and the unaudited pro forma revenue and net (loss) income attributable to Providence of the combined entity had the acquisition date been January 1, 2017, are: Year Ended December 31, 2018 Actual Circulation: Revenue $ 2,205 Net loss (2,108 ) Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 Pro forma: Revenue $ 1,388,203 $ 1,319,195 Net (loss) income attributable to Providence (21,541 ) 49,097 Diluted (loss) earnings per share $ (2.11 ) $ 2.85 The pro forma information above for the year ended December 31, 2018 includes the elimination of acquisition related costs. Adjustments for all periods include expensing the incentive for two co-founders to be paid upon continuing employment, amortization expense based on the estimated fair value and useful lives of intangible assets and related tax effects. The pro forma financial information is not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that would have occurred had the transaction been affected on January 1, 2017.

Discontinued Operations

Discontinued Operations	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Discontinued Operations and Disposal Groups [Abstract]
Discontinued Operations	Discontinued Operations WD Services Segment On December 21, 2018, the Company completed the sale of substantially all of the operating subsidiaries of its WD Services segment to APM and APM UK Holdings Limited, an affiliate of APM, except for the segment’s employment services operations in Saudi Arabia. The Company’s contractual counterparties in Saudi Arabia, including an entity owned by the Saudi Arabian government, assumed these operations beginning January 1, 2019. The total cash consideration of the sale was $46,450 , with the buyer retaining existing WD Services cash of $20,993 . In addition to the purchase consideration, as a result of closing the transaction before the year end, the Company expects to realize cash tax benefits of approximately $51,861 from the transaction, including approximately $34,275 in tax refunds by the fourth quarter of 2019 in relation to its 2018 tax returns and loss carrybacks, which is inclusive of $646 of tax that would have been otherwise due in the fourth quarter of 2018. The remaining cash tax benefit of $17,586 is expected to be realized as an offset to tax payments over the following three years, based upon the Company’s current estimate of taxable income. In addition, $1,072 of benefits related to capital loss carryforwards is available, which amount was reserved as of December 31, 2018. On June 11, 2018, the Company entered into a Share Purchase Agreement to sell the shares of Ingeus France, its WD Services operation in France, for a de minimis amount. The sale was effective on July 17, 2018, after court approval. On September 29, 2017, the Company and Mission Australia completed the sale of 100% of the stock of Mission Providence, a joint venture in the WD Services segment, pursuant to a share sale agreement. Upon the sale of Mission Providence, the Company received AUD 20,184 , or $15,823 of proceeds, for its equity interest, net of transaction fees. Subsequently, a working capital adjustment was finalized in December 2017 resulting in the return of $229 of the proceeds. The related gain on sale of Mission Providence totaling $12,377 is recorded as “(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax” in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2017. Summary financial information for Mission Providence on a standalone basis for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and the year ended December 31, 2016 is as follows: Nine months ended September 30, 2017 Year ended December 31, 2016 Revenue $ 30,125 $ 36,546 Operating loss (1,765 ) (9,664 ) Net loss (1,934 ) (8,843 ) In accordance with ASC 205-20, Presentation of Financial Statements-Discontinued Operations , (“ASC 205-20”) a component of an entity is reported in discontinued operations after meeting the criteria for held for sale classification if the disposition represents a strategic shift that has (or will have) a major effect on the entity’s operations and financial results. The Company analyzed the quantitative and qualitative factors relevant to the disposition of the WD Services segment and determined that those held for sale conditions for discontinued operations presentation were met during the fourth quarter of 2018. As such, the historical financial results of the Company’s historical WD Services segment, and the related income tax effects have been presented as discontinued operations for all periods presented in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. HA Services Segment Effective October 19, 2016, the Company completed the Matrix Transaction. At the closing, (i) cash consideration of $180,614 was paid by the Subscriber to Matrix based upon an enterprise value of $537,500 and (ii) Matrix borrowed approximately $198,000 pursuant to a credit and guaranty agreement providing for term loans in an aggregate principal amount of $198,000 and revolving loan commitments in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $10,000 , which was not drawn at the closing. At the closing, Matrix distributed $381,163 to Providence, in full satisfaction of a promissory note and accumulated interest between Matrix and Providence. At the closing, Providence made a $5,663 capital contribution to Matrix, as described in the Subscription Agreement, as amended, based upon its pro-rata ownership of Matrix, to fund the near-term cash needs of Matrix. On the day that was fifteen days following the closing date, Providence was, to the extent payable pursuant to the terms of the Subscription Agreement, as amended, entitled to receive from Matrix, or required to pay to Matrix, subsequent working capital adjustment payments. Providence received an initial payment of $5,172 from Matrix in November 2016 which is net of the capital contribution of $5,663 described above, based upon the initial working capital calculation as described in the Subscription Agreement. Additionally, in February 2017, the Company received a $75 payment from Matrix representing the final working capital adjustment payment. In accordance with ASC 205-20, the Company analyzed the quantitative and qualitative factors relevant to the Matrix stock subscription transaction resulting in the Company no longer owning a controlling interest in Matrix, and determined that those held for sale conditions for discontinued operations presentation were met during the third quarter of 2016. As such, the historical financial results of Matrix, the Company’s historical HA Services segment, and the related income tax effects have been presented as discontinued operations for all periods presented in the accompanying consolidated financial statements through October 19, 2016. The Company has continuing involvement with Matrix through its ownership of 43.6% of the equity interests in Matrix as of December 31, 2018, as well as through a management consulting agreement, not to exceed ten years. Prior to the Matrix Transaction, the Company owned 100% of the equity interest in Matrix. Subsequent to the Matrix Transaction, the Company accounts for its investment in Matrix under the equity method of accounting. The Company’s share of Matrix’s gains and losses subsequent to the Matrix Transaction, which totaled a loss of $6,158 , a gain of $13,445 and a loss of $1,789 , is recorded as “Equity in net (gain) loss of investees” in its consolidated statement of operations for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively. Matrix’s pretax loss for the year ended December 31, 2018 totaled $27,128 . Matrix’s pretax loss for the year ended December 31, 2017 totaled $2,948 and included $3,537 of transaction related expenses. Matrix’s pretax loss for the period of October 19, 2016 through December 31, 2016 totaled $7,027 and included $6,367 of transaction related expenses. There have been no cash inflows or outflows from or to Matrix subsequent to the closing of the Matrix Transaction, other than the working capital adjustments discussed above and management and advisory fees associated with its ongoing relationship with Matrix, of which $2,271 and $1,103 were received during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. $259 and $247 are included in “Other receivables” in the consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2018 and 2017 , respectively, related to management fees receivable. Human Services Segment On September 3, 2015, the Company entered into a Purchase Agreement, pursuant to which the Company agreed to sell all of the membership interests in Providence Human Services, LLC and Providence Community Services, LLC, comprising the Company’s Human Services segment. During the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016, the Company recorded additional expenses and benefits related to the Human Services segment, principally related to legal proceedings as described in Note 20, Commitment and Contingences , related to an indemnified legal matter. Results of Operations The following table summarizes the results of operations classified as (loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax, for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 . The HA Services segment column in the table below for the year ended December 31, 2016 reflects the financial results for HA Services from January 1, 2016 through October 19, 2016. Year ended December 31, 2018 Human Services Segment WD Services Segment Total Discontinued Operations Service revenue, net $ — $ 264,553 $ 264,553 Operating expenses: Service expense — 248,824 248,824 General and administrative expense (495 ) 26,895 26,400 Asset impairment charge — 9,203 9,203 Depreciation and amortization — 11,864 11,864 Total operating expenses (benefits) (495 ) 296,786 296,291 Operating income (loss) 495 (32,233 ) (31,738 ) Other expenses: Interest expense, net — 35 35 Gain on foreign currency transactions — (388 ) (388 ) Other gain — (87 ) (87 ) Income (loss) from discontinued operations before gain on disposition and income taxes 495 (31,793 ) (31,298 ) Loss on disposition — (53,692 ) (53,692 ) (Provision) benefit for income taxes (545 ) 48,482 47,937 (Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax $ (50 ) $ (37,003 ) $ (37,053 ) The loss on disposition in the table above includes the reclassification of translation loss realized upon sale of subsidiaries of $29,973 . The benefit for income taxes in the table above for the WD Services segment includes tax benefits on the WD Services Sale of $51,861 and income tax expense on WD Services operations of $3,379 . Year ended December 31, 2017 Human Services Segment WD Services Segment Total Discontinued Operations Service revenue, net $ — $ 305,662 $ 305,662 Operating expenses: Service expense — 265,417 265,417 General and administrative expense 9,674 28,845 38,519 Depreciation and amortization — 12,851 12,851 Total operating expenses 9,674 307,113 316,787 Operating loss (9,674 ) (1,451 ) (11,125 ) Other expenses: Interest expense, net — 74 74 Equity in net loss of investees — 1,391 1,391 Gain on sale of equity investment — (12,377 ) (12,377 ) Loss on foreign currency transactions — 345 345 (Loss) income from discontinued operations before gain on disposition and income taxes (9,674 ) 9,116 (558 ) Benefit for income taxes 3,691 (398 ) 3,293 (Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax $ (5,983 ) $ 8,718 $ 2,735 Year ended December 31, 2016 Human Services Segment HA Services Segment WD Services Segment Total Discontinued Operations Service revenue, net $ — $ 166,090 $ 344,403 $ 510,493 Operating expenses: Service expense — 120,906 320,147 441,053 General and administrative expense 7,966 2,148 30,384 40,498 Asset impairment charge — — 19,588 19,588 Depreciation and amortization — 21,121 13,823 34,944 Total operating expenses 7,966 144,175 383,942 536,083 Operating (loss) income (7,966 ) 21,915 (39,539 ) (25,590 ) Other expenses: Interest expense, net — 9,929 68 9,997 Equity in net loss of investees — — 8,498 8,498 Write-off of deferred financing fees — 2,302 — 2,302 Gain on foreign currency transactions — — (1,374 ) (1,374 ) (Loss) income from discontinued operations before gain on disposition and income taxes (7,966 ) 9,684 (46,731 ) (45,013 ) Gain on disposition — 167,895 — 167,895 Benefit (provision) for income taxes 2,401 (63,254 ) 936 (59,917 ) (Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax $ (5,565 ) $ 114,325 $ (45,795 ) $ 62,965 Asset impairment charges In connection with classifying the assets and liabilities of Ingeus France as held for sale during the three months ended June 30, 2018, the carrying value of the assets and liabilities was reduced to its estimated fair value less selling costs. As a result, an impairment charge of $9,203 was recorded during the year ended December 31, 2018 and is included in “Asset impairment charge” in the table above. During the fourth quarter of 2016, the Company reviewed WD Services for impairment, primarily due to lower than expected volumes and unfavorable service mix shifts under a large contract in the United Kingdom (“UK”) impacting future projections; additional clarity into the anticipated size and structure of the Work and Health Programme in the UK; the absence of additional details regarding the restructuring of the offender rehabilitation contract in the UK; and a change in senior management at WD Services during the fourth quarter. As a result, the Company performed a quantitative test comparing the fair value of the asset groupings comprising WD Services with the carrying amounts and recorded an asset impairment charge of $4,381 to definite-lived customer relationship intangible assets and an asset impairment charge of $9,983 to property and equipment, which are recorded in “Asset impairment charge” in the table above. In addition, the Company reviewed the carrying value of goodwill of WD Services, noting the carrying value exceeded the fair value. Therefore, the Company performed the second step of the impairment test, in which the fair value of the reporting unit is allocated to all of the assets and liabilities, on a fair value basis, with any excess representing the implied value of goodwill of the reporting unit. The fair value was determined using an income approach, which estimates the present value of future cash flows based on management’s forecast of revenue growth rates and operating margins, working capital requirements and capital expenditures. Based on this analysis, the carrying value of goodwill of the WD Services reporting unit exceeded the implied fair value and the Company recorded an asset impairment charge of $5,224 , which is included in “Asset impairment charge” on the Company’s consolidated statement of operations. Interest expense, net The Company allocated interest expense, including amortization of deferred financing fees, to discontinued operations based on the portion of the debt that was required to be paid with the proceeds from the sale of the Matrix Transaction. The total allocated interest expense is included in “Interest expense, net” in the tables above. The total allocated interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2016 for the HA Services segment was $9,939 . Loss on disposition, net of tax The total loss on disposition, net of tax, related to the sale of WD Services subsidiaries during the year ended December 31, 2018 is calculated as follows: Total cash received, net of transaction costs and cash sold $ 12,780 Total WD Services net asset value as of transaction date, net of cash sold (36,499 ) Income tax benefit 51,861 Gain on sale before reclassification of currency translation, net of tax 28,142 Adjustment for reclassification of currency translation (29,973 ) Loss on disposition, net of tax $ (1,831 ) Assets and liabilities The following table summarizes the carrying amounts of the major classes of assets and liabilities of discontinued operations in the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2018 and 2017. Amounts as of December 31, 2018 represent the accounts of WD Services operations in Saudi Arabia, which were not sold as part of the WD Services Sale. December 31, 2018 2017 Cash and cash equivalents $ 2,321 $ 42,512 Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $3,460 and $500 in 2018 and 2017, respectively 4,316 48,718 Other receivables — 10 Prepaid expenses and other 414 12,784 Current assets of discontinued operations $ 7,051 $ 104,024 Property and equipment, net $ — $ 12,705 Goodwill — 26,453 Intangible assets, net — 29,774 Equity investments — 213 Other assets — 51 Deferred tax asset — 4,632 Noncurrent assets of discontinued operations $ — $ 73,828 Accounts payable $ 486 $ 15,086 Accrued expenses 2,771 32,195 Deferred revenue — 14,362 Current liabilities of discontinued operations $ 3,257 $ 61,643 Other long-term liabilities $ — $ 5,170 Deferred tax liabilities — 2,395 Noncurrent liabilities of discontinued operations $ — $ 7,565 Cash Flow Information The following table presents depreciation, amortization, capital expenditures and significant operating noncash items of the discontinued operations for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 : For the year ended December 31, 2018 Human Services Segment WD Services Segment Total Cash flows from discontinued operating activities: Depreciation $ — $ 6,711 $ 6,711 Amortization — 5,153 5,153 Asset impairment charge — 9,203 9,203 Stock-based compensation — 6 6 Deferred income taxes 419 (74 ) 345 Cash flows from discontinued investing activities: Purchase of property and equipment $ — $ 6,725 $ 6,725 For the year ended December 31, 2017 Human Services Segment WD Services Segment Total Cash flows from discontinued operating activities: Depreciation $ — $ 7,825 $ 7,825 Amortization — 5,026 5,026 Stock-based compensation — 57 57 Deferred income taxes (3,433 ) (507 ) (3,940 ) Cash flows from discontinued investing activities: Purchase of property and equipment $ — $ 4,527 $ 4,527 For the year ended December 31, 2016 HA Services Segment WD Services Segment Total Discontinued Operations Cash flows from discontinued operating activities: Depreciation $ 3,661 $ 8,138 $ 11,799 Amortization 17,460 5,685 23,145 Asset impairment charge — 19,588 19,588 Stock-based compensation (18 ) (11 ) (29 ) Deferred income taxes 52,338 (6,638 ) 45,700 Cash flows from discontinued investing activities: Purchase of property and equipment $ 9,174 $ 19,810 $ 28,984

Segments

Segments	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Segments	Segments The Company owns subsidiaries and investments primarily engaged in the provision of healthcare services in the United States. The Company’s NET Services segment , which primarily operates under the brands LogistiCare and Circulation, since its acquisition in September 2018, is the largest manager of NET programs for state governments and MCOs in the U.S. On September 21, 2018, we completed the acquisition of Circulation, which offers a full suite of logistics solutions to manage NET programs across all areas of healthcare, powered by its HIPAA-compliant digital platform. Circulation’s technology expands LogistiCare’s existing capabilities to manage transportation benefits, integrating all transportation capabilities while proactively monitoring for fraud, waste and abuse and emphasizing member convenience and satisfaction. The Company’s Matrix Investment segment consists of a minority investment in Matrix, a nationwide provider of home and mobile-based healthcare services for health plans in the U.S., including CHAs, quality gap closure visits, “level of service” needs assessments, and post-acute and chronic care management, providing such services through a network of community-based clinicians, and a fleet of mobile health clinics with advanced diagnostics capabilities. On October 19, 2016, affiliates of Frazier Healthcare Partners purchased a controlling equity interest in Matrix, with the Company retaining a non-controlling equity interest. Matrix’s financial results prior to October 19, 2016 are presented as a discontinued operation. The Company’s Corporate and Other segment includes the Company’s executive, accounting, finance, internal audit, tax, legal, public reporting and corporate development functions, as well as the results of the Company's captive insurance company. On April 11, 2018, the Company announced an Organizational Consolidation. See Note 10, Restructuring and Related Reorganization Costs, for further information. Our segments are determined based on how the Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) manages the Company’s business, makes operating decisions and evaluates operating performance. The operating results of the segments include revenue and expenses incurred by the segment, as well as an allocation of direct expenses incurred by Corporate on behalf of the segment. Indirect expenses, including unallocated corporate functions and expenses, such as executive, accounting, finance, internal audit, tax, legal, public reporting, certain strategic and corporate development functions and the results of the Company’s captive insurance company as well as elimination entries recorded in consolidation are reflected in Corporate and Other. The following table sets forth certain financial information from continuing operations attributable to the Company’s business segments for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 . Year Ended December 31, 2018 NET Services Matrix Investment Corporate and Other Total Service revenue, net $ 1,384,965 $ — $ — $ 1,384,965 Service expense 1,285,029 — (426 ) 1,284,603 General and administrative expense 14,247 — 31,851 46,098 Asset impairment charge 14,175 — — 14,175 Depreciation and amortization 15,026 — 787 15,813 Operating income (loss) $ 56,488 $ — $ (32,212 ) $ 24,276 Equity in net (gain) loss of investees $ — $ 6,158 $ — $ 6,158 Investment in equity method investee $ — $ 161,503 $ — $ 161,503 Total assets $ 349,567 $ 161,503 $ 54,125 $ 565,195 Long-lived asset expenditures $ 10,796 $ — $ — $ 10,796 Year Ended December 31, 2017 NET Services Matrix Investment Corporate and Other Total Service revenue, net $ 1,318,220 $ — $ — $ 1,318,220 Service expense 1,227,426 — (3,799 ) 1,223,627 General and administrative expense 11,779 — 31,712 43,491 Asset impairment charge — — — — Depreciation and amortization 13,275 — 343 13,618 Operating income (loss) $ 65,740 $ — $ (28,256 ) $ 37,484 Equity in net (gain) loss of investees $ — $ (13,445 ) $ — $ (13,445 ) Investment in equity method investee $ 169,699 $ 169,699 Total assets $ 294,127 $ 169,699 $ 62,412 $ 526,238 Long-lived asset expenditures $ 15,319 $ — $ 77 $ 15,396 Year Ended December 31, 2016 NET Services Matrix Investment Corporate and Other Total Service revenue, net $ 1,233,720 $ — $ 122 $ 1,233,842 Service expense 1,132,857 — (894 ) 1,131,963 General and administrative expense 11,406 — 28,121 39,527 Asset impairment charge — — 1,415 1,415 Depreciation and amortization 12,375 — 405 12,780 Operating income (loss) $ 77,082 $ — $ (28,925 ) $ 48,157 Equity in net (gain) loss of investees $ — $ 1,789 $ — $ 1,789 Long-lived asset expenditures $ 10,845 $ — $ 1,387 $ 12,232 Customer Information 12.6% , 13.8% and 13.1% of the Company’s consolidated revenue was derived from one U.S. state Medicaid program for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 , respectively. In addition, substantially all of the Company’s revenues are generated from domestic governmental agencies or entities that contract with governmental agencies.

Quarterly Results (Unaudited)

Quarterly Results (Unaudited)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]
Quarterly Results (Unaudited)	Quarterly Results (Unaudited) The quarterly consolidated financial statements presented below reflect WD Services and Human Services as discontinued operations for all periods presented. Additionally, certain costs incurred by the Corporate and Other segment which directly related to the WD Services Sale are also included as discontinued operations. Quarter ended March 31, June 30, 2018 (1) (2) September 30, December 31, Service revenue, net $ 336,696 $ 343,736 $ 343,771 $ 360,762 Operating income 12,103 3,431 9,435 (693 ) Income from continuing operations, net of tax 7,423 1,964 10,295 (1,454 ) (Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax (1,697 ) (13,366 ) (2,964 ) (19,026 ) Net income (loss) attributable to Providence 5,430 (11,215 ) 7,154 (20,350 ) Earnings (loss) per common share (10): Basic $ 0.27 $ (0.96 ) $ 0.37 $ (1.67 ) Diluted $ 0.26 $ (0.95 ) $ 0.37 $ (1.67 ) Quarter ended March 31, June 30, September 30, December 31, Service revenue, net $ 324,033 $ 338,805 $ 324,824 $ 330,558 Operating income 4,707 11,333 7,271 14,173 Income from continuing operations, net of tax 2,046 7,658 3,374 38,008 (Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax (5,997 ) (3,917 ) 11,575 1,074 Net (loss) income attributable to Providence (4,325 ) 3,915 14,853 38,926 (Loss) earnings per common share (10): Basic $ (0.40 ) $ 0.15 $ 0.88 $ 2.44 Diluted $ (0.40 ) $ 0.14 $ 0.88 $ 2.42 (1) Operating income in the quarter ending June 30, 2018 was negatively impacted by higher transportation costs on a per trip basis as NET Services saw a shift in service mix to higher cost modes of transportation and higher average mileage per trip. (2) Due to the disposition of Ingeus France in July 2018, the carrying value of its assets and liabilities were reduced to their estimated fair value less selling costs during the quarter ending June 30, 2018. As a result, an impairment charge of $9,203 was recorded during the quarter ending June 30, 2018, which is included in (loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax. (3) During the quarter ending September 30, 2018, the Company acquired all of the outstanding equity of Circulation. The Company’s initial investment in Circulation was $3,000 . As a result of the transaction, the fair value of this pre-acquisition interest increased to $9,577 , and thus the Company recognized a gain of $6,577 . (4) (Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax in the quarter ending December 31, 2018, includes a loss on the disposition of substantially all of the WD Services segment of $1,056 , net of tax. This sale was completed on December 21, 2018. (5) The Company recorded expenses, net of tax, of $5,866 in (loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax, in the quarter ending March 31, 2017 related to the Company’s former Human Services segment, which are principally related to a settled legal matter. (6) The Company recorded a gain on sale of equity investment of $12,606 , net of tax, related to the sale of its equity interest in Mission Providence during the quarter ended September 30, 2017, which is reflected in (loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax. During the quarter ended December 31, 2017, the Company recorded a reduction to the gain on sale of $229 , related to the finalization of the working capital adjustment per the sale agreement. (7) Operating income for the quarter ended December 31, 2017 increased as compared to the prior quarters in 2017 as a result of a decrease in service expense as a percentage of revenue for NET Services. This was primarily a result of lower operating costs as well as certain NET Services contractual adjustments recorded in the fourth quarter of 2017. (8) The quarter ended December 31, 2017 includes the receipt of the Haverhill Litigation settlement of $5,363 . (9) The quarter ended December 31, 2017 includes a net tax benefit of $15,925 related to the enactment of the Tax Reform Act during the fourth quarter of 2017, due to the re-measurement of deferred tax liabilities by Providence as a result of the reduction in the U.S. corporate tax rate. Providence realized a tax benefit of $19,304 , partially offset by $3,379 of increased tax expense resulting from additional equity in net gain of Matrix, due to Matrix’ re-measurement of its deferred tax liabilities. The equity in net gain from Matrix for the quarter ended December 31, 2017 includes a tax benefit of $13,610 related to Matrix’s re-measurement of deferred tax liabilities as a result of the Tax Reform Act. (10) Earnings per share is computed independently for each of the quarters presented. Therefore, the sum of quarterly earnings per share may not equal the total computed for the year.

Schedule II Valuation and Quali

Schedule II Valuation and Qualifying Accounts	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation and Qualifying Accounts [Abstract]
Schedule II Valuation and Qualifying Accounts	Schedule II Valuation and Qualifying Accounts Additions Balance at Charged to Charged to Deductions Balance at Year Ended December 31, 2018: Allowance for doubtful accounts $ 5,262 $ 338 $ (523 ) (1) $ 3,223 (2) $ 1,854 Year Ended December 31, 2017: Allowance for doubtful accounts $ 5,164 $ 765 $ (537 ) (1) $ 130 (2) $ 5,262 Year Ended December 31, 2016: Allowance for doubtful accounts $ 3,879 $ 2,903 $ 1,172 (1) $ 2,790 (2) $ 5,164 Notes: Schedule above has been recast from prior year to exclude activity related to discontinued operations. (1) Amounts primarily include the allowance for contractual adjustments related to our non-emergency transportation services operating segment that are recorded as adjustments to non-emergency transportation services revenue. (2) Write-offs, net of recoveries.

Significant Accounting Polici_2

Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements (Policies)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Description of Business	Description of Business The Providence Service Corporation (“we”, the “Company” or “Providence”), owns subsidiaries and investments primarily engaged in the provision of healthcare services in the United States. The Company’s NET Services segment, which primarily operates under the brands LogistiCare and Circulation, since its acquisition in September 2018, is the largest manager of non-emergency medical transportation (“NET”) programs for state governments and managed care organizations (“MCOs”) in the United States (“U.S.”). On September 21, 2018, we completed the acquisition of Circulation, Inc. (“Circulation”), which offers a full suite of logistics solutions to manage NET programs across all areas of healthcare, powered by its HIPAA-compliant digital platform. Circulation’s technology expands LogistiCare’s capabilities to manage transportation benefits, integrating all transportation capabilities while proactively monitoring for fraud, waste and abuse and emphasizing member convenience and satisfaction. The Company’s Matrix Investment segment consists of a minority investment in CCHN Group Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries (“Matrix”), a nationwide provider of home and mobile-based healthcare services for health plans in the U.S., including comprehensive health assessments (“CHAs”), quality gap closure visits, “level of service” needs assessments, and post-acute and chronic care management, providing such services through a network of community-based clinicians and a fleet of mobile health clinics with advanced diagnostics capabilities. The Company’s Corporate and Other segment includes the Company’s executive, accounting, finance, internal audit, tax, legal, public reporting, and corporate development functions. On April 11, 2018, the Company announced an organizational consolidation plan to integrate substantially all activities and functions performed at the corporate holding company level into LogistiCare (the “Organizational Consolidation”). LogistiCare will retain its name and continue to be headquartered in Atlanta, GA, and the Company will continue to be named The Providence Service Corporation and be listed on NASDAQ Global Select Market (“NASDAQ”) under the ticker symbol “PRSC”. The Organizational Consolidation is expected to be complete by the second quarter of 2019. See Note 10, Restructuring and Related Reorganization Costs, for further information.
Basis of Presentation	Basis of Presentation The Company follows accounting standards set by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”). The FASB establishes accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). Rules and interpretive releases of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under authority of federal securities laws are also sources of authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. References to GAAP issued by the FASB in these footnotes are to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”), which serves as a single source of authoritative non-SEC accounting and reporting standards to be applied by non-governmental entities. All amounts are presented in U.S. dollars, unless otherwise noted. The Company holds an investment in Matrix which is accounted for using the equity method. The Company does not control the decision-making process or business management practices of Matrix. While the Company has access to certain information and performs certain procedures to review the reasonableness of information, the Company relies on management of Matrix to provide accurate financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. The Company receives audit reports relating to such financial information from Matrix’s independent auditors on an annual basis. The Company is not aware of any errors in or possible misstatements of the financial information provided by Matrix that would have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Reclassifications	Reclassifications The Company has reclassified certain amounts relating to its prior period results to conform to its current period presentation. See Note 2, Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements , for additional information on reclassifications.
Principles of Consolidation	Principles of Consolidation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include The Providence Service Corporation, its wholly-owned subsidiaries, and entities it controls, or in which it has a variable interest and is the primary beneficiary of expected cash profits or losses. The Company records its investments in entities that it does not control, but over which it has the ability to exercise significant influence, using the equity method. The Company has eliminated significant intercompany transactions and accounts.
Accounting Estimates	Accounting Estimates The Company uses estimates and assumptions in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP. Those estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the Company’s consolidated financial statements. These estimates and assumptions also affect the reported amount of net income or loss during any period. The Company’s actual financial results could differ significantly from these estimates. The significant estimates underlying the Company’s consolidated financial statements include revenue recognition; allowance for doubtful accounts; accrued transportation costs; accrued restructuring; income taxes; recoverability of current and long-lived assets, including equity method investments; intangible assets and goodwill; loss contingencies; accounting for business combinations, including amounts assigned to definite and indefinite lived intangibles and contingent consideration; loss reserves for reinsurance and self-funded insurance programs; and stock-based compensation.
Cash and Cash Equivalents	Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents include all cash balances and highly liquid investments with an initial maturity of three months or less. Investments in cash equivalents are carried at cost, which approximates fair value. The Company places its temporary cash investments with high credit quality financial institutions. At times, such investments may be in excess of the federally insured limits.
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts	Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts The Company records accounts receivable amounts at the contractual amount, less an allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts at an amount it estimates to be sufficient to cover the risk that an account will not be collected. The Company regularly evaluates its accounts receivables, especially receivables that are past due, and reassesses its allowance for doubtful accounts based on identified customer collection issues. In circumstances where the Company is aware of a customer’s inability to meet its financial obligation, the Company records a specific allowance for doubtful accounts to reduce its net recognized receivable to an amount the Company reasonably expects to collect. Under certain contracts of NET Services, final payment is based on a reconciliation of actual utilization and cost, and the final reconciliation may require a considerable period of time.
Property and Equipment	Property and Equipment Property and equipment are stated at historical cost, net of accumulated depreciation, or at fair value if the assets were initially recorded as the result of a business combination or if the asset was remeasured due to an impairment. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the asset. Maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. Gains and losses resulting from the disposition of an asset are reflected in operating expense.
Recoverability of Goodwill	Recoverability of Goodwill In accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other , the Company reviews goodwill for impairment annually, or more frequently, if events and circumstances indicate that an asset may be impaired. Such circumstances could include, but are not limited to: (1) the loss or modification of significant contracts, (2) a significant adverse change in legal factors or in business climate, (3) unanticipated competition, (4) an adverse action or assessment by a regulator, or (5) a significant decline in the Company’s stock price. We perform the annual goodwill impairment test for all reporting units as of October 1. First, we perform qualitative assessments for each reporting unit to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If the qualitative assessment suggests that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value amount, then we perform a quantitative assessment and compare the fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying value. We adopted ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment (“ASU 2017-04”) effective April 1, 2017 . ASU 2017-04 removes the requirement to compare the implied fair value of goodwill with its carrying amount as part of step two of the goodwill impairment test. Instead, if we deem it necessary to perform the quantitative goodwill impairment test in an annual or interim period, we recognize an impairment charge equal to the excess, if any, of a reporting unit’s carrying amount over its fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. The Company estimates the fair value of the Company’s reporting units using either an income approach, a market valuation approach, a transaction valuation approach or a blended approach. The income approach produces an estimated fair value of a reporting unit based on the present value of the cash flows the Company expects the reporting unit to generate in the future. Estimates included in the discounted cash flow model include the discount rate, which the Company determines based on adjusting an industry-wide weighted-average cost of capital for size, geography, and company specific risk factors, long-term rates of growth and profitability of the Company’s business, working capital effects and planned capital expenditures. The market approach produces an estimated fair value of a reporting unit based on a comparison of the reporting unit to comparable publicly traded entities in similar lines of business. The transaction valuation approach produces an estimated fair value of a reporting unit based on a comparison of the reporting unit to publicly available transactional data involving both publicly traded and private entities in similar lines of business. The Company’s significant estimates in both the market and transaction approach include the selected similar companies with comparable business factors such as size, growth, profitability, risk and return on investment and the multiples the Company applies to revenue and earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) to estimate the fair value of the reporting unit.
Recoverability of Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization and Other Long-Lived Assets	Recoverability of Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization and Other Long-Lived Assets Intangible assets subject to amortization and other long-lived assets are carried at cost and are amortized or depreciated on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives of 3 to 15 years. In accordance with ASC 360, Property, Plant, and Equipment , the Company reviews the carrying value of long-lived assets or groups of assets to be used in operations whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may be impaired. Factors that may necessitate an impairment assessment include, among others, significant adverse changes in the extent or manner in which an asset or group of assets is used, significant adverse changes in legal factors or the business climate that could affect the value of an asset or group of assets or significant declines in the observable market value of an asset or group of assets. The presence or occurrence of those events indicates that an asset or group of assets may be impaired. In those cases, the Company assesses the recoverability of an asset or group of assets by determining whether the carrying value of the asset or group of assets exceeds the sum of the projected undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the assets over the remaining economic life of the asset or the primary asset in the group of assets. If such testing indicates the carrying value of the asset or group of assets is not recoverable, the Company estimates the fair value of the asset or group of assets using appropriate valuation methodologies, which would typically include an estimate of discounted cash flows. If the fair value of those assets or groups of assets is less than carrying value, the Company records an impairment loss equal to the excess of the carrying value over the estimated fair value.
Accrued Transportation Costs	Accrued Transportation Costs Eligible members of our customers schedule transportation through the Company’s central reservation system. NET Services generally contracts with third-party providers to provide transportation. The cost of transportation is recorded in the month the services are rendered, based upon contractual rates and mileage estimates. Transportation providers provide invoices once the trip is completed. Any trips that have not been invoiced require an accrual, based upon the expected cost as well as an estimate for cancellations, as the Company is generally only obligated to pay the transportation provider for completed trips. These estimates are based upon the historical trend associated with each contract’s population and the transportation provider network servicing the program. There may be differences between actual invoiced amounts and estimated costs, and any resulting adjustments are included in expense.
Deferred Financing Costs and Debt Discounts	Deferred Financing Costs and Debt Discounts The Company capitalizes direct expenses incurred in connection with its credit facilities and other borrowings, and amortizes such expenses over the life of the respective credit facility or other borrowings. Fees charged by lenders on the revolving facility and all fees charged by third parties are recorded as deferred financing costs and fees charged by lenders on term loans are recorded as a debt discount.
Revenue Recognition	Revenue Recognition The Company adopted ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, effective January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective transition method for contracts that were not completed as of January 1, 2018. See Recent Accounting Pronouncements below for further information on the adoption. The Company recognizes revenue as it transfers control of promised services to its customers. The Company generates all of its revenue from contracts with customers. The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for these services. The Company satisfies substantially all of its performance obligations and recognizes revenue over time instead of at points in time. See further information in Note 3, Revenue Recognition.
Stock-Based Compensation	Stock-Based Compensation The Company follows the fair value recognition provisions of ASC Topic 718 – Compensation – Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”), which requires companies to measure and recognize compensation expense for all share-based payments at fair value. • The Company calculates the fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes option-pricing formula. The fair value of non-vested restricted stock grants is determined based on the closing market price of the Company’s Common Stock on the date of grant. Stock-based compensation expense charged against income for stock options and stock grants is based on the grant-date fair value. Forfeitures are recorded as they occur. The expense for stock-based compensation awards is amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is typically the vesting period. • The Company records restricted stock units (“RSUs”) that may be settled by the holder in cash, rather than shares, as a liability and remeasures these liabilities at fair value at the end of each reporting period. Upon settlement of these awards, the total compensation expense recorded over the vesting period of the awards will equal the settlement amount, which is based on the Company’s stock price on the settlement date. • Performance-based RSUs vest upon achievement of certain company specific performance conditions. On the date of grant, the Company determines the fair value of the performance-based award using the fair value of the Company’s Common Stock at that time and assesses whether it is probable that the performance targets will be achieved. If assessed as probable, the Company records compensation expense for these awards over the requisite service period. At each reporting period, the Company reassesses the probability of achieving the performance targets and the performance period required to meet those targets. The estimation of whether the performance targets will be achieved and of the performance period required to achieve the targets requires judgment, and to the extent actual results or updated estimates differ from the Company’s current estimates, the cumulative effect on current and prior periods of those changes will be recorded in the period estimates are revised, or the change in estimate will be applied prospectively depending on whether the change affects the estimate of total compensation cost to be recognized or merely affects the period over which compensation cost is to be recognized. The ultimate number of shares issued and the related compensation expense recognized will be based on a comparison of the final performance metrics to the specified targets. • The Company calculates the fair value of market-based stock awards using the Monte-Carlo simulation valuation model. Forfeitures are recorded as they occur. Compensation expense for market-based awards is recognized over the requisite service period regardless of whether the market conditions are expected to be achieved.
Income Taxes	Income Taxes Deferred income taxes are determined by the liability method in accordance with ASC Topic 740 - Income Taxes . Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that are expected to be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. The Company considers many factors when assessing the likelihood of future realization of deferred tax assets, including recent earnings experience by jurisdiction, expectations of future taxable income, and the carryforward periods available for tax reporting purposes, as well as other relevant factors. The Company establishes a valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. Due to inherent complexities arising from the nature of the Company’s businesses, future changes in income tax law or variances between the Company’s actual and anticipated operating results, the Company makes certain judgments and estimates. Therefore, actual income taxes could materially vary from these estimates. The Company has recorded a valuation allowance which includes amounts for certain carryforwards and deferred tax assets, as more fully described in Note 19, Income Taxes, for which the Company has concluded that it is more likely than not that these carryforwards and deferred tax assets will not be realized in the ordinary course of operations. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to income taxes as a component of income tax expense. The Company accounts for uncertain tax positions based on a two-step process of evaluating recognition and measurement criteria. The first step assesses whether the tax position is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by the tax authority, including resolution of any appeals or litigation, based on the technical merits of the position. If the tax position meets the more likely than not criteria, the portion of the tax benefit greater than 50% likely to be realized upon settlement with the tax authority is recognized in the consolidated financial statements. On December 22, 2017, the U.S. bill commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“Tax Reform Act”) was enacted as more fully described in Note 19, Income Taxes.
Loss Reserves for Certain Reinsurance and Self-Funded Insurance Programs	Loss Reserves for Certain Reinsurance and Self-Funded Insurance Programs The Company historically reinsured a substantial portion of its automobile, general and professional liability and workers’ compensation costs under reinsurance programs primarily through the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Social Services Providers Captive Insurance Company (“SPCIC”), a licensed captive insurance company domiciled in the State of Arizona. As of May 16, 2017, SPCIC did not renew the expiring reinsurance policies. SPCIC will continue to resolve claims under the historical policy years. The Company utilizes a report prepared by an independent actuary to estimate the gross expected losses related to historical automobile, general and professional and workers’ compensation liability reinsurance policies, including the estimated losses in excess of SPCIC’s insurance limits, which would be reimbursed to SPCIC to the extent such losses were incurred. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017 , the Company had reserves of $3,900 and $6,699 , respectively, for the automobile, general and professional liability and workers’ compensation reinsurance policies, net of expected receivables for losses in excess of SPCIC’s historical insurance limits. The gross reserve as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 of $10,489 and $12,448 , respectively, is classified as “Reinsurance liability reserves” and “Other long-term liabilities” in the consolidated balance sheets. The estimated amount to be reimbursed to SPCIC as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 was $6,589 and $5,749 , respectively, and is classified as “Other receivables” and “Other assets” in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company also maintains a self-funded health insurance program with a stop-loss umbrella policy with a third-party insurer to limit the maximum potential liability for individual claims generally to $300 per person, subject to an aggregating stop-loss limit of $400 . In addition, the program has a total stop-loss limit for total claims, in order to limit the Company’s exposure to catastrophic claims. With respect to this program, the Company considers historical and projected medical utilization data when estimating its health insurance program liability and related expense. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017 , the Company had $2,201 and $2,229 , respectively, in reserve for its self-funded health insurance programs. The reserves are classified as “Reinsurance and related liability reserves” in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company utilizes analysis prepared by third-party administrators and independent actuaries based on historical claims information with respect to the general and professional liability coverage, workers’ compensation coverage, automobile liability, automobile physical damage, and health insurance coverage to determine the amount of required reserves. The Company regularly analyzes its reserves for incurred but not reported claims, and for reported but not paid claims related to its reinsurance and self-funded insurance programs. The Company believes its reserves are adequate. However, significant judgment is involved in assessing these reserves, such as assessing historical paid claims, average lag times between the claims’ incurred date, reported dates and paid dates, and the frequency and severity of claims. There may be differences between actual settlement amounts and recorded reserves and any resulting adjustments are included in expense once a probable amount is known.
Restructuring, Redundancy and Related Reorganization Costs	Restructuring and Related Reorganization Costs On April 11, 2018, the Company announced the Organizational Consolidation. The Company accrued for severance and other employee separation costs under this plan when it was probable that benefits would be paid and the amount was reasonably estimable. The amounts used in determining severance accruals are based on an estimate of the salaries and related benefit costs payable and are included in accrued expenses to the extent they have not been paid. See further information in Note 10, Restructuring and Related Reorganization Costs.
Discontinued Operations	Discontinued Operations In determining whether a group of assets disposed (or to be disposed) of should be presented as a discontinued operation, the Company makes a determination of whether the criteria for held-for-sale classification is met and whether the disposition represents a strategic shift that has (or will have) a major effect on the entity’s operations and financial results. If these determinations can be made affirmatively, the results of operations of the group of assets being disposed of (as well as any gain or loss on the disposal transaction) are aggregated for separate presentation apart from continuing operating results of the Company in the consolidated financial statements. See Note 23, Discontinued Operations, for a summary of discontinued operations.
Earnings Per Share	Earnings Per Share The Company computes basic earnings per share by taking net income attributable to the Company available to common stockholders divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period, including restricted stock and stock held in escrow if such shares are participating securities. Diluted earnings per share includes the potential dilution that may occur from stock-based awards and other stock-based commitments using the treasury stock or the as-if converted methods, as applicable. For additional information on how the Company computes earnings per share, see Note 16, Earnings Per Share .
Recent Accounting Pronouncements	Recent Accounting Pronouncements The Company adopted the following accounting pronouncements during the year ended December 31, 2018 : In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASU 2014-09”). ASU 2014-09 introduced FASB Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606 (“ASC 606”), which replaced historical revenue recognition guidance and is intended to improve and converge with international standards the financial reporting requirements for revenue from contracts with customers. The core principle of ASC 606 is that an entity should recognize revenue for the transfer of goods or services equal to the amount that it expects to be entitled to receive for those goods or services. ASC 606 also requires additional disclosures about the nature, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in judgments. ASU 2014-09 allows for adoption either on a full retrospective basis to each prior reporting period presented or on a modified retrospective basis with the cumulative effect of initially applying the new guidance recognized at the date of initial application. The Company adopted ASU 2014-09 effective January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective transition method for contracts that were not completed as of January 1, 2018. The Company recognized the cumulative effect of initially applying the new revenue standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. These impacts related to our WD Services segment, which has since met the criteria for classification as discontinued operations. Upon adoption of ASU 2014-09, the cumulative effect of the changes made to the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2018 were as follows: Balance at December 31, 2017 Adjustments due to ASU 2014-09 Balance at January 1, 2018 Assets Current assets of discontinued operations $ 104,024 $ 11,182 $ 115,206 Liabilities Current liabilities of discontinued operations 61,643 5,442 67,085 Noncurrent liabilities of discontinued operations 7,565 30 7,595 Equity Retained earnings, net of tax 204,818 5,710 210,528 The impact of applying the new revenue recognition guidance on the Company’s consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2018 was as follows: Year ended December 31, 2018 As Reported Pro forma as if the previous accounting guidance was in effect Service revenue, net $ 1,384,965 $ 1,400,453 Service expense 1,284,603 1,300,091 Operating income 24,276 24,276 There was no impact of applying the new revenue recognition guidance on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2018, as any assets and liabilities impacted by the guidance were sold in the WD Services Sale. The comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods. See further information in Note 3, Revenue Recognition . In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (“ASU 2016-15”). ASU 2016-15 provides guidance for eight targeted changes with respect to how cash receipts and cash payments are classified in the statements of cash flows, with the objective of reducing diversity in practice. ASU 2016-15 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted ASU 2016-15 on January 1, 2018. The adoption did not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash (“ASU 2016-18”). ASU 2016-18 requires that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. ASU 2016-18 is effective for public entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period; however, any adjustments must be reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period. ASU 2016-18 must be adopted retrospectively. The Company adopted ASU 2016-18 on January 1, 2018. As a result of the adoption of ASU 2016-18, the Company recast its consolidated statement of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. The recast resulted in an increase in cash used in investing activities of $7,834 for the year ended December 31, 2017. The recast resulted in a decrease in cash provided by investing activities of $5,926 for the year ended December 31, 2016. See additional information in Note 4, Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash. In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-09, Compensation–Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting (“ASU 2017-09”). ASU 2017-09 provides guidance about which changes to the terms of a share-based payment award should be accounted for as a modification. A change to an award should be accounted for as a modification unless the fair value of the modified award is the same as the original award, the vesting conditions do not change, and the classification as an equity or liability instrument does not change. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted ASU 2017-09 on January 1, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2017-09 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Recent accounting pronouncements that were not yet adopted by the Company through December 31, 2018 are as follows: In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”). ASU 2016-02 introduced FASB Accounting Standards Codification Topic 842 (“ASC 842”), which will replace ASC 840, Leases . In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842 (Leases) (“ASU 2018-10”), which provides narrow amendments to clarify how to apply certain aspects of the new lease standard. Additionally, in July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements (“ASU 2018-11”). ASU 2018-11 provides a new transition method and a practical expedient for separating components of a contract. ASC 842 is effective for publicly held entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. Lessees may apply a modified retrospective transition approach for leases existing at, or entered after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements, or lessees may initially apply the new lease standard at the adoption date and recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. The Company has not entered into significant lease agreements in which it is the lessor; however, the Company does have lease agreements in which it is the lessee. Under ASC 842, lessees will be required to recognize a lease liability and right-of-use asset for all leases (with the exception of short-term leases) at the commencement date. The Company will apply the modified retrospective transition method and elect the transition option to use the effective date of January 1, 2019 as the date of initial application. The Company will recognize the cumulative effect of the transition adjustment as of the effective date and will not provide any new lease disclosures for periods before the effective date. With respect to the practical expedients, the Company will elect the package of practical expedients and the practical expedient not to separate lease and non-lease components. The Company will not apply the use of hindsight practical expedient. Based on the Company’s current portfolio of leases, the Company expects $24,000 to $28,000 of additional leased assets and liabilities will be recognized on its consolidated balance sheet. The Company does not expect a material impact on the statement of operations. In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326) (“ASU 2016-13”). The amendments in ASU 2016-13 will supersede or clarify much of the existing guidance for reporting credit losses for assets held at amortized cost basis and available for sale debt securities. The amendments in ASU 2016-13 affect loans, debt securities, trade receivables, net investments in leases, off balance sheet credit exposures, reinsurance receivables, and any other financial assets not excluded from the scope that have the contractual right to receive cash. ASU 2016-13 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2016-13 on its consolidated financial statements. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (“ASU 2018-13”). ASU 2018-13 removes certain disclosures, modifies certain disclosures and added additional disclosures. The standard is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. Certain disclosures in ASU 2018-13 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis and others on a prospective basis. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2018-13 on its consolidated financial statements. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software: Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement that is a Service Contract (“ASU 2018-15”), which will align the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2018-15 on its consolidated financial statements. In August 2018, the SEC adopted the final rule under SEC Release No. 33-10532, Disclosure Update and Simplification, amending certain disclosure requirements that were redundant, duplicative, overlapping, outdated or superseded. In addition, the amendments expanded the disclosure requirements on the analysis of stockholders’ equity for interim financial statements. Under the amendments, an analysis of changes in each caption of stockholders’ equity presented in the balance sheet must be provided in a note or separate statement. The analysis should present a reconciliation of the beginning balance to the ending balance of each period for which a statement of comprehensive income is required to be filed. The final rule is effective on November 5, 2018. The Company will adopt this new rule beginning with its financial reporting for the quarter ending March 31, 2019. Upon adoption, the Company will include its Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity with each filing of a Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Significant Accounting Polici_3

Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Schedule of New Accounting Pronouncements and Changes in Accounting Principles	Upon adoption of ASU 2014-09, the cumulative effect of the changes made to the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2018 were as follows: Balance at December 31, 2017 Adjustments due to ASU 2014-09 Balance at January 1, 2018 Assets Current assets of discontinued operations $ 104,024 $ 11,182 $ 115,206 Liabilities Current liabilities of discontinued operations 61,643 5,442 67,085 Noncurrent liabilities of discontinued operations 7,565 30 7,595 Equity Retained earnings, net of tax 204,818 5,710 210,528 The impact of applying the new revenue recognition guidance on the Company’s consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2018 was as follows: Year ended December 31, 2018 As Reported Pro forma as if the previous accounting guidance was in effect Service revenue, net $ 1,384,965 $ 1,400,453 Service expense 1,284,603 1,300,091 Operating income 24,276 24,276

Revenue Recognition (Tables)

Revenue Recognition (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Disaggregation of Revenue	The following table summarizes disaggregated revenue from contracts with customers for the year ended December 31, 2018 by contract type for NET Services: State Medicaid agency contracts $ 732,261 Managed care organization contracts 652,704 Total NET Services revenue, net $ 1,384,965 Capitated contracts $ 1,096,822 Non-capitated contracts 288,143 Total NET Services revenue, net $ 1,384,965
Schedule of Accounts Receivable	Accounts receivable, net - The following table provides information about accounts receivable, net as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 : December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Accounts receivable $ 101,340 $ 73,416 NET Services’ reconciliation contract receivable 48,270 42,054 Allowance for doubtful accounts (1,854 ) (5,262 ) $ 147,756 $ 110,208

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Re_2

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents [Abstract]
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash	The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the consolidated balance sheets to the amounts shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows: December 31, 2018 2017 Cash and cash equivalents $ 5,678 $ 52,798 Restricted cash, current 1,482 1,091 Current assets of discontinued operations 2,321 42,512 Restricted cash, less current portion 2,886 5,205 Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash $ 12,367 $ 101,606

Equity Investment (Tables)

Equity Investment (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Matrix
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]
Income Statement And Balance Sheet Disclosure	Summary financial information for Matrix on a standalone basis is as follows: December 31, 2018 2017 Current assets $ 61,565 $ 37,563 Long-term assets 719,450 597,613 Current liabilities 27,619 27,718 Long-term liabilities 373,159 240,513 Year ended December 31, 2018 Year ended December 31, 2017 October 19, 2016 through December 31, 2016 Revenue $ 282,067 $ 227,872 $ 41,635 Operating (loss) income (1,186 ) 11,870 (4,079 ) Net (loss) income (19,962 ) 26,665 (4,200 )

Prepaid Expenses and Other (Tab

Prepaid Expenses and Other (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Notes Tables
Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure	Prepaid expenses and other were comprised of the following: December 31, 2018 2017 Prepaid income taxes $ 35,207 $ 254 Escrow funds — 10,000 Prepaid insurance 1,308 1,765 Note receivable — 3,224 Prepaid rent 828 722 Other 6,824 6,494 Total prepaid expenses and other $ 44,167 $ 22,459

Property and Equipment (Tables)

Property and Equipment (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Schedule of Property and Equipment	Property and equipment consisted of the following: Estimated Useful December 31, Life (years) 2018 2017 Computer and telecom equipment 3 — 5 $ 29,883 $ 27,742 Software 3 — 5 24,318 22,256 Leasehold improvements Shorter of 7 years or lease term 8,078 7,599 Furniture and fixtures 5 — 10 1,942 2,351 Automobiles 5 3,666 3,209 Construction and development in progress N/A 299 12,579 68,186 75,736 Less accumulated depreciation 45,221 38,064 Total property and equipment, net $ 22,965 $ 37,672

Goodwill and Intangibles (Table

Goodwill and Intangibles (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Goodwill	Changes in goodwill were as follows for the period from December 31, 2017 to December 31, 2018: NET Services Balances at December 31, 2017 Goodwill $ 191,215 Accumulated impairment losses (96,000 ) 95,215 Acquisition of Circulation 40,001 Balances at December 31, 2018 Goodwill 231,216 Accumulated impairment losses (96,000 ) $ 135,216
Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets	Intangible assets are comprised of acquired customer relationships, trademarks and trade names, and developed technology. Intangible assets consisted of the following: December 31, 2018 2017 Estimated Useful Life (Yrs) Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Customer relationships 15 $ 43,800 $ (32,515 ) $ 43,800 $ (29,635 ) Developed technology of Circulation 5 14,100 (705 ) — — Customer relationships of Circulation 3 1,400 (117 ) — — Trademarks and trade names of Circulation 3 200 (17 ) — — Total $ 59,500 $ (33,354 ) $ 43,800 $ (29,635 )
Future Amortization Expense	The total amortization expense is estimated to be as follows for the next five years as of December 31, 2018 : Year Amount 2019 $ 6,234 2020 6,234 2021 6,101 2022 5,461 2023 2,116 Total $ 26,146

Accrued Expenses (Tables)

Accrued Expenses (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Accrued Liabilities, Current [Abstract]
Schedule of Accrued Liabilities	Accrued expenses consisted of the following: December 31, 2018 2017 Accrued compensation and related $ 11,050 $ 18,816 NET Services accrued contract payments 9,756 17,487 Accrued settlement — 15,000 Accrued cash settled stock-based compensation 3,719 3,938 Income taxes payable — 1,959 Other 14,666 14,443 Total accrued expenses $ 39,191 $ 71,643 The accrued settlement at December 31, 2017 represented amounts related to indemnification claims from the sale of the Human Services segment, which was completed on November 1, 2015. The settlement was finalized during the year ended December 31, 2018, which resulted in the payment of the accrued settlement amount, in which $10,000 was released from an escrow account and $4,475 was paid in cash. See Note 20, Commitments and Contingencies , for further information.

Restructuring and Related Reo_2

Restructuring and Related Reorganization Costs (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]
Restructuring and Related Costs	Summary of Liability for Corporate and Other Restructuring and Related Charges January 1, Costs Cash Payments December 31, 2018 Retention and personnel liability $ — $ 5,098 $ (3,142 ) $ 1,956 Other liability — 1,532 (1,134 ) 398 Total $ — $ 6,630 $ (4,276 ) $ 2,354

Debt (Tables)

Debt (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Long-term Debt and Capital Lease Obligations [Abstract]
Schedule of Long-Term Debt	The Company’s debt was as follows: December 31, December 31, $200,000 revolving loan, LIBOR plus 2.25% - 3.25% with interest payable at least once every three months through August 2019 $ — $ — Capital lease obligations 1,071 2,984 1,071 2,984 Less current portion of debt 718 2,400 Total debt, less current portion $ 353 $ 584
Schedule of Maturities of Long-Term Debt	Annual maturities of revolving loan and capital lease obligations as of December 31, 2018 are as follows: Year Amount 2019 $ 718 2020 308 2021 45 Total $ 1,071

Convertible Preferred Stock, _2

Convertible Preferred Stock, Net (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Preferred Stock, Number of Shares, Par Value and Other Disclosures [Abstract]
Preferred Stock Activity	The following table summarizes the Preferred Stock activity for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 : Dollar Value Share Count Balance at December 31, 2016 $ 77,565 803,398 Conversion to common stock (20 ) (198 ) Allocation of issuance costs 1 — Balance at December 31, 2017 $ 77,546 803,200 Conversion to common stock (161 ) (1,594 ) Allocation of issuance costs 7 — Balance at December 31, 2018 $ 77,392 801,606

Stockholders' Equity (Tables)

Stockholders' Equity (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]
Common Stock Reserve	The following table reflects the total number of shares of the Company’s Common Stock reserved for future issuance as of December 31, 2018 : Shares of common stock reserved for: Exercise of stock options and restricted stock awards 960,719 Conversion of preferred stock to common stock 2,010,045 Total shares of common stock reserved for future issuance 2,970,764

Stock-Based Compensation and _2

Stock-Based Compensation and Similar Arrangements (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Share-based Compensation [Abstract]
Schedule of 2006 Plan Activity	The following table summarizes the activity under the 2006 Plan as of December 31, 2018 : Number of shares of the Company’s Common Stock authorized for Number of shares Number of shares of the Company’s Common Stock subject to issuance future grants Stock Options Stock Grants 2006 Plan 5,400,000 1,356,820 908,588 52,131
Schedule of Stock-Based Compensation	The following table reflects the amount of stock-based compensation, for share settled awards issued to employees and non-employee directors, recorded in each financial statement line item for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 : Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Service expense $ 950 $ 434 $ 841 General and administrative expense 8,037 7,052 4,324 Equity in net loss (gain) of investees 137 76 18 (Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax 6 57 (29 ) Total stock-based compensation $ 9,130 $ 7,619 $ 5,154
Schedule of Stock-Based Compensation Valuation Assumptions	The fair value of each stock option awarded to employees is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing formula based on the following assumptions for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017: Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 Expected dividend yield 0.0% 0.0% Expected stock price volatility 26.47% — 39.83% 19.5% — 42.95% Risk-free interest rate 2.26% — 2.91% 1.0% — 2.23% Expected life of options (years) 1.29 — 6.50 0.03 — 6.50
Stock Option Activity	The following table summarizes the stock option activity for the year ended December 31, 2018 : Year ended December 31, 2018 Number of Shares Under Option Weighted- average Exercise Price Weighted- average Remaining Contractual Term Aggregate Intrinsic Value Balance at beginning of period, January 1 606,695 $ 48.70 Granted 750,993 66.73 Exercised (278,969 ) 44.82 Forfeited/Canceled (120,131 ) 68.81 Expired (50,000 ) 61.33 Outstanding at end of period, December 31 908,588 $ 61.44 2.40 $ 4,348 Vested or expected to vest at end of period, December 31 871,651 $ 61.01 2.49 $ 4,348 Exercisable at end of period, December 31 263,897 $ 50.28 1.98 $ 2,570
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value, Total Intrinsic Value, and Cash Received	The weighted-average grant date fair value for options granted, total intrinsic value and cash received by the Company related to options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 were as follows: Year ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Weighted-average grant date fair value per share $ 15.08 $ 9.05 $ — Options exercised: Total intrinsic value $ 6,805 $ 2,010 $ 979 Cash received $ 12,413 $ 1,921 $ 4,108
Restricted Stock Activity	The following table summarizes the activity of the shares and weighted-average grant date fair value of the Company’s unvested restricted Common Stock during the year ended December 31, 2018 : Shares Weighted-average grant date fair value Non-vested at beginning of period, January 1 64,779 $ 44.82 Granted 20,242 $ 66.07 Vested (27,894 ) $ 46.39 Forfeited or cancelled (9,799 ) $ 46.83 Non-vested at end of period, December 31 47,328 $ 52.56
Stock Appreciation Rights Fair Value Assumptions	The fair value of the SOEUs was estimated as of December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 using the Black-Scholes option-pricing formula and amortized over the option’s graded vesting periods with the following assumptions: Year ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Expected dividend yield 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Expected stock price volatility 27.82% — 30.59% 23.36% — 32.09% 35.71% — 41.8% Risk-free interest rate 2.50% — 2.61% 1.75% — 1.95% 1.11% — 1.64% Expected life of options (in years) 0.75 — 1.75 0.75 — 2.75 1.00 — 3.00
Performance Share, Fair Value Assumptions	The fair value of the awards granted in 2016 were estimated using the following assumptions: Year ended December 31, 2016 Forward interest rate 0.24% — 2.71% Expected Volatility 40.0% Dividend Yield —% Fair Value of Total Pool $12,870

Earnings Per Share (Tables)

Earnings Per Share (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Schedule of Earnings Per Share	The following table details the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share: Year ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Numerator: Net (loss) income attributable to Providence $ (18,981 ) $ 53,369 $ 91,928 Less dividends on convertible preferred stock (4,420 ) (4,419 ) (4,419 ) Less income allocated to participating securities (1,856 ) (6,314 ) (10,569 ) Net (loss) income available to common stockholders $ (25,257 ) $ 42,636 $ 76,940 Continuing operations $ 11,953 $ 40,647 $ 19,749 Discontinued operations (37,210 ) 1,989 57,191 $ (25,257 ) $ 42,636 $ 76,940 Denominator: Denominator for basic earnings per share -- weighted-average shares 12,960,837 13,602,140 14,666,896 Effect of dilutive securities: Common stock options 72,410 66,314 105,837 Performance-based restricted stock units — 4,860 6,665 Denominator for diluted earnings per share -- adjusted weighted-average shares assumed conversion 13,033,247 13,673,314 14,779,398 Basic earnings (loss) per share: Continuing operations $ 0.92 $ 2.99 $ 1.35 Discontinued operations (2.87 ) 0.15 3.90 $ (1.95 ) $ 3.14 $ 5.25 Diluted earnings (loss) per share: Continuing operations $ 0.92 $ 2.97 $ 1.34 Discontinued operations (2.86 ) 0.15 3.87 $ (1.94 ) $ 3.12 $ 5.21
Schedule of Antidilutive Securities	The following weighted-average shares were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share as the effect of their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive: Year ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Stock options to purchase common stock 560,547 362,392 22,638 Convertible preferred stock 802,489 803,323 803,442

Operating Leases and Service _2

Operating Leases and Service Commitment (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Leases, Operating [Abstract]
Future Minimum Lease Payments	Future minimum payments under non-cancelable operating leases for equipment and property with initial terms of one year or more consisted of the following at December 31, 2018 : Operating Leases 2019 $ 8,825 2020 6,452 2021 4,594 2022 3,801 2023 1,767 Thereafter 1,600 Total future minimum lease payments $ 27,039
Service Commitment	Future minimum payments under this service commitment consisted of the following at December 31, 2018: Service Commitment 2019 $ 9,509 2020 19,208 Total future minimum payments $ 28,717

Income Taxes (Tables)

Income Taxes (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Federal, State and Foreign Income Tax Provision	The federal and state tax provision is summarized as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Federal income tax expense (benefit): Current $ 3,462 $ 19,011 $ 20,963 Deferred (1,157 ) (19,762 ) (6,545 ) Total Federal income tax expense (benefit) 2,305 (751 ) 14,418 State income tax expense (benefit): Current 2,113 4,048 4,501 Deferred 266 706 (947 ) Total State income tax expense (benefit) 2,379 4,754 3,554 Total provision for income taxes $ 4,684 $ 4,003 $ 17,972
Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation	A reconciliation of the provision for income taxes with amounts determined by applying the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate to income from continuing operations before income taxes is as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Federal statutory rates 21 % 35 % 35 % Federal income tax at statutory rates $ 4,812 $ 19,281 $ 15,699 Revaluation of net deferred tax liabilities due to U.S. tax reform (286 ) (19,304 ) — U.S. tax reform impact on equity income of investees — (1,646 ) — Change in valuation allowance 36 177 296 Change in uncertain tax positions 108 7 73 State income taxes, net of federal benefit 1,843 3,157 2,399 Compensation expense 235 — — Stock compensation 76 3,400 — Meals and entertainment 74 99 94 Transaction costs 263 159 — Cost method investment re-measurement gain (1,381 ) — — Tax credits (1,208 ) (354 ) (947 ) Legal expense — (805 ) 522 Other 112 (168 ) (164 ) Provision for income taxes $ 4,684 $ 4,003 $ 17,972 Effective income tax rate 20 % 7 % 40 %
Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities	Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities of continuing operations are as follows: December 31, 2018 2017 Deferred tax assets: Net operating loss carryforwards $ 19,485 $ — Capital loss carryforward 1,072 — Tax credit carryforwards 840 486 Accounts receivable allowance 227 1,134 Accrued items and reserves 6,817 8,297 Stock compensation 1,480 1,480 Deferred rent 543 572 Deferred revenue 272 — Other 773 172 31,509 12,141 Deferred tax liabilities: Deferred financing costs 12 38 Prepaids 900 1,439 Property and equipment depreciation 3,492 3,329 Goodwill and intangibles amortization 6,944 3,678 Equity investment 40,577 42,113 Other — 303 51,925 50,900 Net deferred tax liabilities (20,416 ) (38,759 ) Less valuation allowance (2,633 ) (473 ) Net deferred tax liabilities $ (23,049 ) $ (39,232 ) Net noncurrent deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance of $0 for 2018 and 2017 $ 2,601 $ — Net noncurrent deferred tax liabilities, net of valuation allowance of $2,633 and $473 for 2018 and 2017, respectively (25,650 ) (39,232 ) $ (23,049 ) $ (39,232 )
Unrecognized Tax Benefits Rollforward	A reconciliation of the liability for unrecognized income tax benefits for continuing operations is as follows: December 31, 2018 2017 2016 Unrecognized tax benefits, beginning of year $ 1,115 $ 1,108 $ 271 Balance upon acquisition/disposition — — 764 Increase related to prior year positions 104 22 37 Increase related to current year tax positions 160 101 139 Statute of limitations expiration (157 ) (116 ) (103 ) Unrecognized tax benefits, end of year $ 1,222 $ 1,115 $ 1,108
Summary of Operating Loss Carryforwards	In addition, at December 31, 2018, the Company had approximately $26,936 of state net operating loss carryforwards which expire as follows: 2023 $ 2,021 Thereafter 24,915 Total state net operating loss carryforwards $ 26,936

Acquisitions (Tables)

Acquisitions (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Business Combinations [Abstract]
Schedule Purchase Price Allocation	The table below presents Circulation’s net assets at the date of acquisition based upon the final estimate of respective fair values: Cash $ 1,302 Accounts receivable 996 Other assets 216 Property and equipment 49 Intangibles 15,700 Goodwill 40,001 Deferred taxes, net (2,199 ) Accounts payable and accrued liabilities (1,244 ) Deferred revenue (69 ) Other non-current liabilities (52 ) Total of assets acquired and liabilities assumed $ 54,700 The purchase price of Circulation is calculated as follows: Cash purchase of common stock $ 45,123 Providence’s acquisition date fair value equity interest in Circulation 9,577 Total consideration $ 54,700
Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets Acquired	The fair value of intangible assets is as follows: Type Life Value Customer relationships Amortizable 3 years $ 1,400 Trademarks and trade names Amortizable 3 years 200 Developed technology Amortizable 5 years 14,100 $ 15,700
Pro Forma Information	The amounts of Circulation’s revenue and net income included in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2018, and the unaudited pro forma revenue and net (loss) income attributable to Providence of the combined entity had the acquisition date been January 1, 2017, are: Year Ended December 31, 2018 Actual Circulation: Revenue $ 2,205 Net loss (2,108 ) Year Ended December 31, 2018 2017 Pro forma: Revenue $ 1,388,203 $ 1,319,195 Net (loss) income attributable to Providence (21,541 ) 49,097 Diluted (loss) earnings per share $ (2.11 ) $ 2.85

Discontinued Operations (Tables

Discontinued Operations (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Discontinued Operations and Disposal Groups [Abstract]
Schedule of Discontinued Operations	The following table summarizes the carrying amounts of the major classes of assets and liabilities of discontinued operations in the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2018 and 2017. Amounts as of December 31, 2018 represent the accounts of WD Services operations in Saudi Arabia, which were not sold as part of the WD Services Sale. December 31, 2018 2017 Cash and cash equivalents $ 2,321 $ 42,512 Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $3,460 and $500 in 2018 and 2017, respectively 4,316 48,718 Other receivables — 10 Prepaid expenses and other 414 12,784 Current assets of discontinued operations $ 7,051 $ 104,024 Property and equipment, net $ — $ 12,705 Goodwill — 26,453 Intangible assets, net — 29,774 Equity investments — 213 Other assets — 51 Deferred tax asset — 4,632 Noncurrent assets of discontinued operations $ — $ 73,828 Accounts payable $ 486 $ 15,086 Accrued expenses 2,771 32,195 Deferred revenue — 14,362 Current liabilities of discontinued operations $ 3,257 $ 61,643 Other long-term liabilities $ — $ 5,170 Deferred tax liabilities — 2,395 Noncurrent liabilities of discontinued operations $ — $ 7,565 The following table summarizes the results of operations classified as (loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax, for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 . The HA Services segment column in the table below for the year ended December 31, 2016 reflects the financial results for HA Services from January 1, 2016 through October 19, 2016. Year ended December 31, 2018 Human Services Segment WD Services Segment Total Discontinued Operations Service revenue, net $ — $ 264,553 $ 264,553 Operating expenses: Service expense — 248,824 248,824 General and administrative expense (495 ) 26,895 26,400 Asset impairment charge — 9,203 9,203 Depreciation and amortization — 11,864 11,864 Total operating expenses (benefits) (495 ) 296,786 296,291 Operating income (loss) 495 (32,233 ) (31,738 ) Other expenses: Interest expense, net — 35 35 Gain on foreign currency transactions — (388 ) (388 ) Other gain — (87 ) (87 ) Income (loss) from discontinued operations before gain on disposition and income taxes 495 (31,793 ) (31,298 ) Loss on disposition — (53,692 ) (53,692 ) (Provision) benefit for income taxes (545 ) 48,482 47,937 (Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax $ (50 ) $ (37,003 ) $ (37,053 ) The loss on disposition in the table above includes the reclassification of translation loss realized upon sale of subsidiaries of $29,973 . The benefit for income taxes in the table above for the WD Services segment includes tax benefits on the WD Services Sale of $51,861 and income tax expense on WD Services operations of $3,379 . Year ended December 31, 2017 Human Services Segment WD Services Segment Total Discontinued Operations Service revenue, net $ — $ 305,662 $ 305,662 Operating expenses: Service expense — 265,417 265,417 General and administrative expense 9,674 28,845 38,519 Depreciation and amortization — 12,851 12,851 Total operating expenses 9,674 307,113 316,787 Operating loss (9,674 ) (1,451 ) (11,125 ) Other expenses: Interest expense, net — 74 74 Equity in net loss of investees — 1,391 1,391 Gain on sale of equity investment — (12,377 ) (12,377 ) Loss on foreign currency transactions — 345 345 (Loss) income from discontinued operations before gain on disposition and income taxes (9,674 ) 9,116 (558 ) Benefit for income taxes 3,691 (398 ) 3,293 (Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax $ (5,983 ) $ 8,718 $ 2,735 Year ended December 31, 2016 Human Services Segment HA Services Segment WD Services Segment Total Discontinued Operations Service revenue, net $ — $ 166,090 $ 344,403 $ 510,493 Operating expenses: Service expense — 120,906 320,147 441,053 General and administrative expense 7,966 2,148 30,384 40,498 Asset impairment charge — — 19,588 19,588 Depreciation and amortization — 21,121 13,823 34,944 Total operating expenses 7,966 144,175 383,942 536,083 Operating (loss) income (7,966 ) 21,915 (39,539 ) (25,590 ) Other expenses: Interest expense, net — 9,929 68 9,997 Equity in net loss of investees — — 8,498 8,498 Write-off of deferred financing fees — 2,302 — 2,302 Gain on foreign currency transactions — — (1,374 ) (1,374 ) (Loss) income from discontinued operations before gain on disposition and income taxes (7,966 ) 9,684 (46,731 ) (45,013 ) Gain on disposition — 167,895 — 167,895 Benefit (provision) for income taxes 2,401 (63,254 ) 936 (59,917 ) (Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax $ (5,565 ) $ 114,325 $ (45,795 ) $ 62,965 The total loss on disposition, net of tax, related to the sale of WD Services subsidiaries during the year ended December 31, 2018 is calculated as follows: Total cash received, net of transaction costs and cash sold $ 12,780 Total WD Services net asset value as of transaction date, net of cash sold (36,499 ) Income tax benefit 51,861 Gain on sale before reclassification of currency translation, net of tax 28,142 Adjustment for reclassification of currency translation (29,973 ) Loss on disposition, net of tax $ (1,831 ) Assets and liabilities The following table summarizes the carrying amounts of the major classes of assets and liabilities of discontinued operations in the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2018 and 2017. Amounts as of December 31, 2018 represent the accounts of WD Services operations in Saudi Arabia, which were not sold as part of the WD Services Sale. December 31, 2018 2017 Cash and cash equivalents $ 2,321 $ 42,512 Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $3,460 and $500 in 2018 and 2017, respectively 4,316 48,718 Other receivables — 10 Prepaid expenses and other 414 12,784 Current assets of discontinued operations $ 7,051 $ 104,024 Property and equipment, net $ — $ 12,705 Goodwill — 26,453 Intangible assets, net — 29,774 Equity investments — 213 Other assets — 51 Deferred tax asset — 4,632 Noncurrent assets of discontinued operations $ — $ 73,828 Accounts payable $ 486 $ 15,086 Accrued expenses 2,771 32,195 Deferred revenue — 14,362 Current liabilities of discontinued operations $ 3,257 $ 61,643 Other long-term liabilities $ — $ 5,170 Deferred tax liabilities — 2,395 Noncurrent liabilities of discontinued operations $ — $ 7,565 Cash Flow Information The following table presents depreciation, amortization, capital expenditures and significant operating noncash items of the discontinued operations for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 : For the year ended December 31, 2018 Human Services Segment WD Services Segment Total Cash flows from discontinued operating activities: Depreciation $ — $ 6,711 $ 6,711 Amortization — 5,153 5,153 Asset impairment charge — 9,203 9,203 Stock-based compensation — 6 6 Deferred income taxes 419 (74 ) 345 Cash flows from discontinued investing activities: Purchase of property and equipment $ — $ 6,725 $ 6,725 For the year ended December 31, 2017 Human Services Segment WD Services Segment Total Cash flows from discontinued operating activities: Depreciation $ — $ 7,825 $ 7,825 Amortization — 5,026 5,026 Stock-based compensation — 57 57 Deferred income taxes (3,433 ) (507 ) (3,940 ) Cash flows from discontinued investing activities: Purchase of property and equipment $ — $ 4,527 $ 4,527 For the year ended December 31, 2016 HA Services Segment WD Services Segment Total Discontinued Operations Cash flows from discontinued operating activities: Depreciation $ 3,661 $ 8,138 $ 11,799 Amortization 17,460 5,685 23,145 Asset impairment charge — 19,588 19,588 Stock-based compensation (18 ) (11 ) (29 ) Deferred income taxes 52,338 (6,638 ) 45,700 Cash flows from discontinued investing activities: Purchase of property and equipment $ 9,174 $ 19,810 $ 28,984 Summary financial information for Mission Providence on a standalone basis for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and the year ended December 31, 2016 is as follows: Nine months ended September 30, 2017 Year ended December 31, 2016 Revenue $ 30,125 $ 36,546 Operating loss (1,765 ) (9,664 ) Net loss (1,934 ) (8,843 ) The total loss on disposition, net of tax, related to the sale of WD Services subsidiaries during the year ended December 31, 2018 is calculated as follows: Total cash received, net of transaction costs and cash sold $ 12,780 Total WD Services net asset value as of transaction date, net of cash sold (36,499 ) Income tax benefit 51,861 Gain on sale before reclassification of currency translation, net of tax 28,142 Adjustment for reclassification of currency translation (29,973 ) Loss on disposition, net of tax $ (1,831 )

Segments (Tables)

Segments (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Financial Information Attributable to the Company's Business Segments	The following table sets forth certain financial information from continuing operations attributable to the Company’s business segments for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 . Year Ended December 31, 2018 NET Services Matrix Investment Corporate and Other Total Service revenue, net $ 1,384,965 $ — $ — $ 1,384,965 Service expense 1,285,029 — (426 ) 1,284,603 General and administrative expense 14,247 — 31,851 46,098 Asset impairment charge 14,175 — — 14,175 Depreciation and amortization 15,026 — 787 15,813 Operating income (loss) $ 56,488 $ — $ (32,212 ) $ 24,276 Equity in net (gain) loss of investees $ — $ 6,158 $ — $ 6,158 Investment in equity method investee $ — $ 161,503 $ — $ 161,503 Total assets $ 349,567 $ 161,503 $ 54,125 $ 565,195 Long-lived asset expenditures $ 10,796 $ — $ — $ 10,796 Year Ended December 31, 2017 NET Services Matrix Investment Corporate and Other Total Service revenue, net $ 1,318,220 $ — $ — $ 1,318,220 Service expense 1,227,426 — (3,799 ) 1,223,627 General and administrative expense 11,779 — 31,712 43,491 Asset impairment charge — — — — Depreciation and amortization 13,275 — 343 13,618 Operating income (loss) $ 65,740 $ — $ (28,256 ) $ 37,484 Equity in net (gain) loss of investees $ — $ (13,445 ) $ — $ (13,445 ) Investment in equity method investee $ 169,699 $ 169,699 Total assets $ 294,127 $ 169,699 $ 62,412 $ 526,238 Long-lived asset expenditures $ 15,319 $ — $ 77 $ 15,396 Year Ended December 31, 2016 NET Services Matrix Investment Corporate and Other Total Service revenue, net $ 1,233,720 $ — $ 122 $ 1,233,842 Service expense 1,132,857 — (894 ) 1,131,963 General and administrative expense 11,406 — 28,121 39,527 Asset impairment charge — — 1,415 1,415 Depreciation and amortization 12,375 — 405 12,780 Operating income (loss) $ 77,082 $ — $ (28,925 ) $ 48,157 Equity in net (gain) loss of investees $ — $ 1,789 $ — $ 1,789 Long-lived asset expenditures $ 10,845 $ — $ 1,387 $ 12,232

Quarterly Results (Unaudited) (

Quarterly Results (Unaudited) (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]
Quarterly Financial Information	The quarterly consolidated financial statements presented below reflect WD Services and Human Services as discontinued operations for all periods presented. Additionally, certain costs incurred by the Corporate and Other segment which directly related to the WD Services Sale are also included as discontinued operations. Quarter ended March 31, June 30, 2018 (1) (2) September 30, December 31, Service revenue, net $ 336,696 $ 343,736 $ 343,771 $ 360,762 Operating income 12,103 3,431 9,435 (693 ) Income from continuing operations, net of tax 7,423 1,964 10,295 (1,454 ) (Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax (1,697 ) (13,366 ) (2,964 ) (19,026 ) Net income (loss) attributable to Providence 5,430 (11,215 ) 7,154 (20,350 ) Earnings (loss) per common share (10): Basic $ 0.27 $ (0.96 ) $ 0.37 $ (1.67 ) Diluted $ 0.26 $ (0.95 ) $ 0.37 $ (1.67 ) Quarter ended March 31, June 30, September 30, December 31, Service revenue, net $ 324,033 $ 338,805 $ 324,824 $ 330,558 Operating income 4,707 11,333 7,271 14,173 Income from continuing operations, net of tax 2,046 7,658 3,374 38,008 (Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax (5,997 ) (3,917 ) 11,575 1,074 Net (loss) income attributable to Providence (4,325 ) 3,915 14,853 38,926 (Loss) earnings per common share (10): Basic $ (0.40 ) $ 0.15 $ 0.88 $ 2.44 Diluted $ (0.40 ) $ 0.14 $ 0.88 $ 2.42 (1) Operating income in the quarter ending June 30, 2018 was negatively impacted by higher transportation costs on a per trip basis as NET Services saw a shift in service mix to higher cost modes of transportation and higher average mileage per trip. (2) Due to the disposition of Ingeus France in July 2018, the carrying value of its assets and liabilities were reduced to their estimated fair value less selling costs during the quarter ending June 30, 2018. As a result, an impairment charge of $9,203 was recorded during the quarter ending June 30, 2018, which is included in (loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax. (3) During the quarter ending September 30, 2018, the Company acquired all of the outstanding equity of Circulation. The Company’s initial investment in Circulation was $3,000 . As a result of the transaction, the fair value of this pre-acquisition interest increased to $9,577 , and thus the Company recognized a gain of $6,577 . (4) (Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax in the quarter ending December 31, 2018, includes a loss on the disposition of substantially all of the WD Services segment of $1,056 , net of tax. This sale was completed on December 21, 2018. (5) The Company recorded expenses, net of tax, of $5,866 in (loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax, in the quarter ending March 31, 2017 related to the Company’s former Human Services segment, which are principally related to a settled legal matter. (6) The Company recorded a gain on sale of equity investment of $12,606 , net of tax, related to the sale of its equity interest in Mission Providence during the quarter ended September 30, 2017, which is reflected in (loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax. During the quarter ended December 31, 2017, the Company recorded a reduction to the gain on sale of $229 , related to the finalization of the working capital adjustment per the sale agreement. (7) Operating income for the quarter ended December 31, 2017 increased as compared to the prior quarters in 2017 as a result of a decrease in service expense as a percentage of revenue for NET Services. This was primarily a result of lower operating costs as well as certain NET Services contractual adjustments recorded in the fourth quarter of 2017. (8) The quarter ended December 31, 2017 includes the receipt of the Haverhill Litigation settlement of $5,363 . (9) The quarter ended December 31, 2017 includes a net tax benefit of $15,925 related to the enactment of the Tax Reform Act during the fourth quarter of 2017, due to the re-measurement of deferred tax liabilities by Providence as a result of the reduction in the U.S. corporate tax rate. Providence realized a tax benefit of $19,304 , partially offset by $3,379 of increased tax expense resulting from additional equity in net gain of Matrix, due to Matrix’ re-measurement of its deferred tax liabilities. The equity in net gain from Matrix for the quarter ended December 31, 2017 includes a tax benefit of $13,610 related to Matrix’s re-measurement of deferred tax liabilities as a result of the Tax Reform Act. (10) Earnings per share is computed independently for each of the quarters presented. Therefore, the sum of quarterly earnings per share may not equal the total computed for the year.

Organization and Basis of Pre_2

Organization and Basis of Presentation (Details) - Matrix	Oct. 19, 2016	Dec. 31, 2018	Oct. 18, 2016
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Interest in subsidiary subscribed for by third party	53.20%
Equity method investment, ownership percentage	46.80%	43.60%	100.00%

Significant Accounting Polici_4

Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Jan. 01, 2019
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Provision for doubtful accounts	$ 6,062	$ 1,372	$ 3,759
Estimated Useful Life (Yrs)	12 years 3 months 18 days
Accrued transportation costs	$ 84,889	83,588
Deferred financing costs, current, net	268
Deferred financing costs, noncurrent, net		388
Gross reinsurance liability reserve	10,489	12,448
Reimbursable reinsurance reserve	6,589	5,749
Self insurance maximum exposure per claim employee medical	300
Self insurance maximum exposure per claim employee medical, stop-loss limit	400
Self insurance reserve	2,201	2,229
Decrease in cash provided by investing activities	45,322	7,020	(317,979)
Social Services Providers Captive Insurance Company
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Gross reinsurance liability reserve	$ 3,900	6,699
Minimum
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life (Yrs)	3 years
Maximum
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life (Yrs)	15 years
Continuing Operations
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Provision for doubtful accounts	$ 338	1,347	2,892
Accounting Standards Update 2016-18
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Decrease in cash provided by investing activities		$ 7,834	$ 5,926
Forecast | Accounting Standards Update 2016-02 | Minimum
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Operating Lease, Right-of-Use Asset				$ 24,000
Lease, liability				24,000
Forecast | Accounting Standards Update 2016-02 | Maximum
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Operating Lease, Right-of-Use Asset				28,000
Lease, liability				$ 28,000

Significant Accounting Polici_5

Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements - Impact of ASC 606 (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Jan. 01, 2018
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Current assets of discontinued operations	$ 7,051				$ 104,024				$ 7,051	$ 104,024		$ 115,206
Current liabilities of discontinued operations	3,257				61,643				3,257	61,643		67,085
Noncurrent liabilities of discontinued operations	0				7,565				0	7,565		7,595
Retained earnings	187,127				204,818				187,127	204,818		$ 210,528
Service revenue, net									1,384,965	1,318,220	$ 1,233,842
Service expense									1,284,603	1,223,627	1,131,963
Operating (loss) income	$ (693)	$ 9,435	$ 3,431	$ 12,103	14,173	$ 7,271	$ 11,333	$ 4,707	24,276	37,484	$ 48,157
Pro forma as if the previous accounting guidance was in effect
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Service revenue, net									1,400,453
Service expense									1,300,091
Operating (loss) income									$ 24,276
Adjustments due to ASU 2014-09 | Adjustments due to ASU 2014-09
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Current assets of discontinued operations					11,182					11,182
Current liabilities of discontinued operations					5,442					5,442
Noncurrent liabilities of discontinued operations					30					30
Retained earnings					$ 5,710					$ 5,710

Revenue Recognition - Disaggreg

Revenue Recognition - Disaggregation of Revenue (NET Services) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total Service revenue, net	$ 1,384,965	$ 1,318,220	$ 1,233,842
NET Services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total Service revenue, net	1,384,965
NET Services | State Medicaid agency contracts
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total Service revenue, net	732,261
NET Services | Managed care organization contracts
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total Service revenue, net	652,704
NET Services | Capitated contracts
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total Service revenue, net	1,096,822
NET Services | Non-capitated contracts
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total Service revenue, net	$ 288,143

Revenue Recognition - Narrative

Revenue Recognition - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Revenue, Initial Application Period Cumulative Effect Transition [Line Items]
Decrease in revenue	$ (1,384,965)	$ (1,318,220)	$ (1,233,842)
NET Services accrued contract payments	9,756	17,487
Deferred revenue	562	3,019
Noncurrent deferred revenue	963
Contract with customer, revenue recognized	3,019
Service expense	(1,284,603)	$ (1,223,627)	$ (1,131,963)
NET Services
Revenue, Initial Application Period Cumulative Effect Transition [Line Items]
Decrease in revenue	(1,384,965)
Performance obligation satisfied in previous period	5,685
Adjustments due to ASU 2014-09 | Adjustments due to ASU 2014-09 | NET Services
Revenue, Initial Application Period Cumulative Effect Transition [Line Items]
Decrease in revenue	15,488
Service expense	$ 15,488

Revenue Recognition - Schedule

Revenue Recognition - Schedule of Accounts Receivable (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Accounts receivable	$ 101,340	$ 73,416
NET Services’ reconciliation contract receivable	48,270	42,054
Allowance for doubtful accounts	(1,854)	(5,262)
Accounts receivable, net	$ 147,756	$ 110,208

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Re_3

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents [Abstract]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 5,678	$ 52,798
Restricted cash	1,482	1,091
Cash and cash equivalents	2,321	42,512	$ 22,666
Restricted cash, less current portion	2,886	5,205
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$ 12,367	$ 101,606	$ 86,392	$ 104,826

Equity Investment - Narrative (

Equity Investment - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	2 Months Ended	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Oct. 19, 2016	Oct. 18, 2016
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]
Equity investments		$ 161,503				$ 169,699				$ 161,503	$ 169,699
Net (loss) income		(20,350)	$ 7,154	$ (11,215)	$ 5,430	38,926	$ 14,853	$ 3,915	$ (4,325)	(18,981)	53,369	$ 91,928
Stock-based compensation										9,130	7,619	5,154
Write-off of deferred financing fees										0	0	2,302
Income tax benefit										(4,684)	(4,003)	(17,972)
Matrix
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]
Net (loss) income	$ (4,200)									(19,962)	26,665	4,200
Depreciation and amortization										43,119	33,512	6,356
Transaction related expenses											3,537	6,367
Integration related costs										6,524
Stock-based compensation										2,698	2,639	407
Transaction incentive compensation											2,679	4,033
Management fees paid to shareholders										4,887	2,331	396
Transaction related costs										1,010
Acquisition related costs											412
Acquisition costs		$ 2,341								2,341
Interest expense										25,942	14,818	2,949
Write-off of deferred financing fees										3,748
Income tax benefit										$ 7,166	29,613	$ 2,828
Matrix
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]
Equity method investment, ownership percentage		43.60%								43.60%			46.80%	100.00%
Equity investments		$ 161,503				$ 169,699				$ 161,503	$ 169,699

Equity Investment - Summary of

Equity Investment - Summary of Financial Information for Matrix (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	2 Months Ended	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]
Current assets		$ 210,980				$ 296,329				$ 210,980	$ 296,329
Current liabilities		142,883				226,930				142,883	226,930
Revenue		360,762	$ 343,771	$ 343,736	$ 336,696	330,558	$ 324,824	$ 338,805	$ 324,033
Operating (loss) income		(693)	9,435	3,431	12,103	14,173	7,271	11,333	4,707	24,276	37,484	$ 48,157
Net (loss) income		(20,350)	$ 7,154	$ (11,215)	$ 5,430	38,926	$ 14,853	$ 3,915	$ (4,325)	(18,981)	53,369	91,928
Matrix
Schedule of Investments [Line Items]
Current assets		61,565				37,563				61,565	37,563
Long-term assets		719,450				597,613				719,450	597,613
Current liabilities		27,619				27,718				27,619	27,718
Long-term liabilities		$ 373,159				$ 240,513				373,159	240,513
Revenue	$ 41,635									282,067	227,872
Operating (loss) income	(4,079)									(1,186)	11,870
Net (loss) income	$ (4,200)									$ (19,962)	$ 26,665	$ 4,200

Prepaid Expenses and Other - Su

Prepaid Expenses and Other - Summary of Prepaid Expenses and Other (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Prepaid Expense and Other Assets, Current [Abstract]
Prepaid income taxes	$ 35,207	$ 254
Escrow funds	0	10,000
Prepaid insurance	1,308	1,765
Note receivable	0	3,224
Prepaid rent	828	722
Other	6,824	6,494
Total prepaid expenses and other	$ 44,167	$ 22,459

Property and Equipment - Summar

Property and Equipment - Summary of Property and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	$ 68,186	$ 75,736
Less accumulated depreciation	45,221	38,064
Total property and equipment, net	22,965	37,672
Computer and telecom equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	29,883	27,742
Software
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	$ 24,318	22,256
Leasehold improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life	7 years
Property and equipment, gross	$ 8,078	7,599
Furniture and fixtures
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	$ 1,942	2,351
Automobiles
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life	5 years
Property and equipment, gross	$ 3,666	3,209
Construction and development in progress
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	$ 299	$ 12,579
Minimum | Computer and telecom equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life	3 years
Minimum | Software
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life	3 years
Minimum | Furniture and fixtures
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life	5 years
Maximum | Computer and telecom equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life	5 years
Maximum | Software
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life	5 years
Maximum | Furniture and fixtures
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life	10 years

Property and Equipment - Narrat

Property and Equipment - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Depreciation			$ 18,769	$ 18,542	$ 21,699
Asset impairment charge			23,378	0	21,003
Proprietary LCAD Nextgen Systems
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Asset impairment charge		$ 679
Continuing Operations
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Depreciation			12,058	10,717	9,900
Asset impairment charge			$ 14,175	$ 0	$ 1,415
NET Services
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Asset impairment charge	$ 13,496

Goodwill and Intangibles - Narr

Goodwill and Intangibles - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Asset impairment charge	$ 23,378	$ 0	$ 21,003
Expected tax deductible amount	$ 29	29
Estimated Useful Life (Yrs)	12 years 3 months 18 days
Residual value	$ 0
Amortization of intangible assets	$ 3,755	$ 2,901	$ 2,881

Goodwill and Intangibles - Sche

Goodwill and Intangibles - Schedule of Goodwill (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Goodwill, net beginning balance	$ 95,215
Goodwill, net ending balance	135,216
NET Services
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Goodwill beginning balance	191,215
Accumulated impairment losses beginning balance	(96,000)
Goodwill, net beginning balance	95,215
Acquisition of Circulation	40,001
Goodwill ending balance	231,216
Accumulated impairment losses ending balance	(96,000)
Goodwill, net ending balance	$ 135,216

Goodwill and Intangibles - Sc_2

Goodwill and Intangibles - Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life (Yrs)	12 years 3 months 18 days
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 59,500	$ 43,800
Accumulated Amortization	$ (33,354)	(29,635)
Customer relationships (15 years)
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life (Yrs)	15 years
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 43,800	43,800
Accumulated Amortization	$ (32,515)	(29,635)
Developed technology of Circulation
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life (Yrs)	5 years
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 14,100	0
Accumulated Amortization	$ (705)	0
Customer relationships (3 years)
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life (Yrs)	3 years
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Gross	$ 1,400	0
Accumulated Amortization	$ (117)	0
Trademarks and trade names of Circulation
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Estimated Useful Life (Yrs)	3 years
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Gross	$ 200	0
Accumulated Amortization	$ (17)	$ 0

Goodwill and Intangibles - Futu

Goodwill and Intangibles - Future Amortization Expense (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
2,019	$ 6,234
2,020	6,234
2,021	6,101
2,022	5,461
2,023	2,116
Total	$ 26,146

Accrued Expenses - Summary of A

Accrued Expenses - Summary of Accrued Expenses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Accrued Liabilities, Current [Abstract]
Accrued compensation and related	$ 11,050	$ 18,816
NET Services accrued contract payments	9,756	17,487
Accrued settlement	0	15,000
Accrued cash settled stock-based compensation	3,719	3,938
Income taxes payable	0	1,959
Other	14,666	14,443
Total accrued expenses	39,191	$ 71,643
Litigation settlement, amount released from escrow	10,000
Payments for legal settlements	$ 4,475

Restructuring and Related Reo_3

Restructuring and Related Reorganization Costs - Narrative (Details) - Corporate Restructuring Plan - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring, expected cost	$ 12,200
Restructuring charges	8,797
Restructuring reserve	2,354	$ 0
Accrued Expenses
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring reserve	2,124
Accounts Payable
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring reserve	230
Retention and personnel liability
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring, expected cost	7,100
Restructuring charges	5,098
Restructuring reserve	1,956	0
Acceleration of stock-based compensation
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring, expected cost	2,000
Restructuring charges	1,731
Accelerated depreciation
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring, expected cost	600
Restructuring charges	436
Other liability
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring, expected cost	2,500
Restructuring charges	1,532
Restructuring reserve	$ 398	$ 0

Restructuring and Related Reo_4

Restructuring and Related Reorganization Costs - Summary of Severance and Related Charges (Details) - Corporate Restructuring Plan $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance	$ 0
Costs Incurred	6,630
Cash Payments	(4,276)
Ending Balance	2,354
Retention and personnel liability
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance	0
Costs Incurred	5,098
Cash Payments	(3,142)
Ending Balance	1,956
Other liability
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance	0
Costs Incurred	1,532
Cash Payments	(1,134)
Ending Balance	$ 398

Debt - Schedule of Long-Term De

Debt - Schedule of Long-Term Debt (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Capital lease obligations	$ 1,071	$ 2,984
Long-term debt and capital lease obligations	1,071	2,984
Less current portion of debt	718	2,400
Total debt, less current portion	353	584
Revolving Credit Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
$200,000 revolving loan, LIBOR plus 2.25% - 3.25% with interest payable at least once every three months through August 2019	$ 0
Revolving Credit Facility | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) | Minimum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate	2.25%
Revolving Credit Facility | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) | Maximum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate	3.25%
Revolving Loan
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
$200,000 revolving loan, LIBOR plus 2.25% - 3.25% with interest payable at least once every three months through August 2019	$ 0	$ 0

Debt - Maturities of Long-Term

Debt - Maturities of Long-Term Obligations (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)
Long-term Debt and Capital Lease Obligations [Abstract]
2,019	$ 718
2,020	308
2,021	45
Total	$ 1,071

Debt - Narrative (Details)

Debt - Narrative (Details)	Oct. 23, 2014	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)letter_of_credit	Aug. 02, 2013USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Number of letters of credit | letter_of_credit		10
Letters of credit outstanding		$ 12,338,000
Remaining borrowing capacity		187,662,000
NET Services
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Capital leased assets, gross		1,894,000
Capital leases, lessee balance sheet, accumulated depreciation		673,000
Credit Facility, Fourth Amendment, Term Loan Tranche
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Available borrowing capacity, collateralized letters of credit		$ 25,000,000
Credit Facility, Second Amendment, Term Loan Tranche | Minimum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Unused capacity, commitment fee percentage	0.25%
Credit Facility, Second Amendment, Term Loan Tranche | Minimum | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate	2.25%
Credit Facility, Second Amendment, Term Loan Tranche | Minimum | Base Rate
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate	1.25%
Credit Facility, Second Amendment, Term Loan Tranche | Maximum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Unused capacity, commitment fee percentage	0.50%
Credit Facility, Second Amendment, Term Loan Tranche | Maximum | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate	3.25%
Credit Facility, Second Amendment, Term Loan Tranche | Maximum | Base Rate
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate	2.25%
Capital Lease Obligations | NET Services
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest rate effective percentage		3.28%
Capital Lease Obligations | Minimum | NET Services
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument term		12 months
Capital Lease Obligations | Maximum | NET Services
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument term		36 months
Revolving Credit Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Face amount		$ 200,000,000
Outstanding borrowings		$ 0
Senior Credit Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Additional maximum borrowing capacity			$ 75,000,000
Percentage of pledge of stock		100.00%
Letter of Credit | Minimum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Unused capacity, commitment fee percentage	2.25%
Letter of Credit | Maximum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Unused capacity, commitment fee percentage	3.25%

Convertible Preferred Stock, _3

Convertible Preferred Stock, Net - Narrative (Details)	Feb. 05, 2015USD ($)$ / sharesshares	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)$ / sharesshares	Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)$ / sharesshares	Dec. 31, 2016USD ($)$ / sharesshares	Dec. 31, 2018$ / sharesshares	Mar. 12, 2015USD ($)$ / sharesshares
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Convertible preferred stock, pro rata share | $	$ 65,500,000
Rights offering, right to purchase preferred stock, price per share (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 100
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	0.001	$ 0.001	$ 0.001		$ 0.001
Conversion price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 39.88
Registered rights offering, convertible preferred stock | $	$ 65,500,000					$ 15,750,000
Preferred stock dividends | $		$ 4,413,000	$ 4,418,000	$ 4,419,000
Common Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, conversion rate per share of common stock (in shares)	2.51
Conversion to common stock (in shares)		3,993	495	300
Convertible preferred stock shares issuable upon conversion (in shares)		2,010,045	2,014,042		2,010,045
Convertible Preferred Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Convertible preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)		801,606	803,200		801,606
Conversion to common stock (in shares)					3,394
Conversion of convertible preferred stock to common stock (in shares)		8,503			8,503
Preferred stock dividends | $		$ 4,413,000	$ 4,418,000	$ 4,419,000
Preferred stock dividends, per share (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		$ 5.50	$ 5.5	$ 5.50
Convertible Preferred Stock | Cash Dividends
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Convertible preferred stock, dividend rate	5.50%	5.50%	8.50%
Convertible Preferred Stock | Paid-in-kind Dividends
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Convertible preferred stock, dividend rate	8.50%
Convertible Preferred Stock | Non-Standby Purchasers
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Convertible preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	130,884
Convertible Preferred Stock | The Standby Purchasers
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Rights offering, right to purchase preferred stock, price per share (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 100					$ 105
Convertible preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	524,116					150,000

Convertible Preferred Stock, _4

Convertible Preferred Stock, Net - Preferred Stock Activity (Details) - Contingent Convertible Preferred Stock - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Dollar Value
Beginning balance	$ 77,546	$ 77,565
Conversion to common stock	(161)	(20)
Allocation of issuance costs	7	1
Ending balance	$ 77,392	$ 77,546
Share Count
Beginning balance, shares (in shares)	803,200	803,398
Conversion to common stock (in shares)	(1,594)	(198)
Ending balance, shares (in shares)	801,606	803,200

Stockholders' Equity - Narrativ

Stockholders' Equity - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended					14 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Oct. 26, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Nov. 03, 2016	Dec. 31, 2018	Mar. 29, 2018	Nov. 02, 2017	Oct. 26, 2016	Nov. 04, 2015
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	17,784,769	17,473,598				17,784,769
Treasury shares, shares (in shares)	4,970,093	4,126,132				4,970,093
Stock repurchase, authorized amount									$ 100,000,000	$ 70,000,000
Stock repurchase, remaining authorized amount								$ 69,640,000
Stock repurchase (in shares)			770,808		1,360,249	1,018,989
Stock repurchase	$ 55,753,000	$ 28,486,000	$ 30,360,000	$ 70,248,000	$ 62,981,000	$ 66,256,000
Stock repurchase program, additional authorized amount							$ 77,800,000
Restricted Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares surrendered by employees to pay employee taxes related to shares released from escrow (in shares)	5,242	19,556		2,736
Stock Options
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares surrendered by employees to pay employee taxes related to shares released from escrow (in shares)	12,676	5,665

Stockholders' Equity - Common S

Stockholders' Equity - Common Stock Reserve (Details) - Common Stock	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018shares
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Exercise of stock options and restricted stock awards (in shares)	960,719
Conversion of preferred stock to common stock (in shares)	2,010,045
Total shares of common stock reserved for future issuance (in shares)	2,970,764

Stock-Based Compensation and _3

Stock-Based Compensation and Similar Arrangements - Schedule of 2006 Plan Activity (Details) - shares	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of shares of common stock subject to stock options (in shares)	908,588	606,695
Long Term Incentive Plan 2006
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance (in shares)	5,400,000
Number of shares of common stock remaining available for future grants (in shares)	1,356,820
Long Term Incentive Plan 2006 | Stock Options
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of shares of common stock subject to stock options (in shares)	908,588
Long Term Incentive Plan 2006 | Stock Grants
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of shares of common stock subject to stock grants (in shares)	52,131

Stock-Based Compensation and _4

Stock-Based Compensation and Similar Arrangements - Schedule of Stock-Based Compensation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation	$ 9,130	$ 7,619	$ 5,154
Service expense
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation	950	434	841
General and administrative expense
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation	8,037	7,052	4,324
Equity in net loss (gain) of investees
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation	137	76	18
(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation	$ 6	$ 57	$ (29)

Stock-Based Compensation and _5

Stock-Based Compensation and Similar Arrangements - Narrative (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands

May 01, 2018shares

Apr. 09, 2018$ / sharesshares

Mar. 15, 2017shares

Aug. 06, 2015shares

Jun. 30, 2018USD ($)

Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)installment$ / sharesshares

Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)$ / sharesshares

Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)installmentshares

Dec. 31, 2016USD ($)shares

Dec. 31, 2014$ / sharesshares

Jun. 30, 2016

Jun. 30, 2015

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Tax benefit from compensation expense | $

$ 1,888

$ 2,885

$ 2,072

Options, vesting terms modified (in shares)

11,035

Stock options granted (in shares)

750,993

Stock options weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares

$ 66.73

Stock options exercised (in shares)

278,969

Stock-based compensation | $

$ 9,130

7,619

5,154

Stock options cancelled (in shares)

120,131

Fair value of shares vested | $

$ 4,428

3,550

1,383

General and administrative expense

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Stock-based compensation | $

8,037

7,052

4,324

Modifications to Terms of Original Stock Options Granted to Mr. Lindstrom

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Stock-based compensation | $

168

83

Long Term Incentive Plan 2006

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Tax benefit from compensation expense | $

$ 4

492

Stock options exercised (in shares)

266,293

Weighted-average period of cost recognition

8 months 18 days

Tax expense from compensation expense | $

908

Long Term Incentive Plan 2006 | Accrued Expenses

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Deferred compensation liability | $

$ 3,938

$ 3,719

3,938

HoldCo LTI Program | General and administrative expense

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Stock-based compensation | $

$ 4,738

$ 3,319

Interim Chief Executive Officer

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Stock options weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares

$ 71.67

Stock-based compensation | $

$ 1,273

Stock options cancelled (in shares)

98,500

Forfeitures in period, percent of total granted

25.00%

Interim Chief Executive Officer | Grant Date

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Award vesting rights

50.00%

Interim Chief Executive Officer | 1st Anniversary

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Award vesting rights

25.00%

Interim Chief Executive Officer | 2nd Anniversary

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Award vesting rights

25.00%

Interim Chief Financial Officer

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Stock options weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares

$ 71.67

Chief Executive Officer

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Stock options granted (in shares)

9,798

11,319

125,000

Stock options weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares

$ 61.33

Stock options exercised (in shares)

75,000

Non Employee Directors Executive Officers and Certain Key Employees

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Restricted stock award, number of equal installments | installment

3

3

Board of Directors Chairman | Coliseum Capital Partners, L.P.

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Stock equivalent units issued in lieu of grant (in shares)

2,017

3,097

3,360

Restricted Stock

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Restricted stock awards granted (in shares)

20,242

DSU, Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares

$ 66.07

Restricted stock awards vested (in shares)

27,894

Award other than option, vesting terms modified (in shares)

7,286

Performance restricted stock units outstanding (in shares)

64,779

47,328

64,779

Restricted Stock | Modifications to Terms of Original Stock Options Granted to Mr. Lindstrom

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Stock-based compensation | $

$ 290

Restricted Stock | Non Employee Directors Executive Officers and Certain Key Employees

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Restricted stock issued (in shares)

27,894

Stock Options and Restricted Stock Units | Non Employee Directors Executive Officers and Certain Key Employees

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested shares | $

$ 7,604

Weighted-average period of cost recognition

1 year 2 months 12 days

Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) | Key Employee

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Restricted stock awards granted (in shares)

5,930

Restricted stock awards, amount settled | $

$ 304

Deferred Share Units | Director

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Restricted stock awards granted (in shares)

4,803

DSU, Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares

$ 75.51

Stock Equivalent Unit Awards and Stock Option Equivalent Units | General and administrative expense

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Allocated share-based compensation expense (benefit) | $

$ 209

$ 235

$ 287

Performance Shares | Certain Executive Officers | HoldCo LTI Program

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Share-based compensation arrangement, award threshold, percentage of compounded annual return

8.00%

Period for weighted average price for common share

90 days

Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs)

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Stock option equivalent units issued in lieu of grant (in shares)

0

0

0

Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs) | Coliseum Capital Partners, L.P.

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Stock-based compensation | $

$ (191)

Stock option equivalent units issued in lieu of grant (in shares)

200,000

200,000

Stock option equivalent units issued in lieu of grant, exercise price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares

$ 43.81

Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs) | Coliseum Capital Partners, L.P. | General and administrative expense

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Stock-based compensation | $

$ (1,517)

Allocated share-based compensation expense (benefit) | $

$ 2,146

Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs) | Grant Date | Coliseum Capital Partners, L.P.

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Stock option equivalent units, vesting percentage

33.33%

Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs) | 1st Anniversary | Coliseum Capital Partners, L.P.

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Stock option equivalent units, vesting percentage

33.33%

Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs) | 2nd Anniversary | Coliseum Capital Partners, L.P.

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Stock option equivalent units, vesting percentage

33.33%

Maximum | Interim Chief Executive Officer

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Stock options granted (in shares)

394,000

Maximum | Interim Chief Financial Officer

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Stock options granted (in shares)

13,710

Stock-Based Compensation and _6

Stock-Based Compensation and Similar Arrangements - Schedule of Stock-Based Compensation Valuation Assumptions (Details) - Stock Options	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%
Minimum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected stock price volatility	26.47%	19.50%
Risk-free interest rate	2.26%	1.00%
Expected life of options (years)	471 days	10 days
Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected stock price volatility	39.83%	42.95%
Risk-free interest rate	2.91%	2.23%
Expected life of options (years)	2372 days	2372 days

Stock-Based Compensation and _7

Stock-Based Compensation and Similar Arrangements - Stock Option Activity (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)$ / sharesshares
Number of Shares Under Option
Balance at beginning of period (in shares) | shares	606,695
Granted (in shares) | shares	750,993
Exercised (in shares) | shares	(278,969)
Forfeited/Cancelled (in shares) | shares	(120,131)
Expired (in shares) | shares	(50,000)
Outstanding at end of period (in shares) | shares	908,588
Vested or expected to vest at end of period (in shares) | shares	871,651
Exercisable at end of period (in shares) | shares	263,897
Weighted- average Exercise Price
Balance at beginning of period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 48.70
Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	66.73
Exercised (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	44.82
Forfeited/Cancelled (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	68.81
Expired (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	61.33
Outstanding at end of period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	61.44
Vested or expected to vest at end of period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	61.01
Exercisable at end of period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 50.28
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term [Abstract]
Outstanding at end of period, December 31	2 years 4 months 24 days
Vested or expected to vest at end of period, December 31	2 years 5 months 25 days
Exercisable at end of period, December 31	1 year 11 months 23 days
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Intrinsic Value [Abstract]
Outstanding at end of period, December 31 | $	$ 4,348
Vested or expected to vest at end of period, December 31 | $	4,348
Exercisable at end of period, December 31 | $	$ 2,570

Stock-Based Compensation and _8

Stock-Based Compensation and Similar Arrangements - Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value, Total Intrinsic Value and Cash Received (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Share-based Compensation [Abstract]
Weighted-average grant date fair value per share (in dollars per share)	$ 15.08	$ 9.05	$ 0
Options exercised:
Total intrinsic value	$ 6,805	$ 2,010	$ 979
Cash received	$ 12,413	$ 1,921	$ 4,108

Stock-Based Compensation and _9

Stock-Based Compensation and Similar Arrangements - Restricted Stock Activity (Details) - Restricted Stock	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018$ / sharesshares
Shares
Non-vested at beginning of period (in shares) | shares	64,779
Granted (in shares) | shares	20,242
Vested (in shares) | shares	(27,894)
Forfeited or cancelled (in shares) | shares	(9,799)
Non-vested at end of period (in shares) | shares	47,328
Weighted-average grant date fair value
Non-vested at beginning of period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 44.82
Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	66.07
Vested (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	46.39
Forfeited or cancelled (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	46.83
Non-vested at end of period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 52.56

Stock-Based Compensation and_10

Stock-Based Compensation and Similar Arrangements - Stock Appreciation Rights Fair Value Assumptions (Details) - Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%
Minimum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected stock price volatility	27.82%	23.36%	35.71%
Risk-free interest rate	2.50%	1.75%	1.11%
Expected life of options (years)	273 days	274 days	1 year
Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected stock price volatility	30.59%	32.09%	41.80%
Risk-free interest rate	2.61%	1.95%	1.64%
Expected life of options (years)	639 days	1004 days	3 years

Stock-Based Compensation and_11

Stock-Based Compensation and Similar Arrangements - Performance Share, Fair Value Assumptions (Details) - Performance Shares - HoldCo LTI Program $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2016USD ($)
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected Volatility	40.00%
Dividend Yield	0.00%
Fair Value of Total Pool	$ 12,870
Minimum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Forward interest rate	0.24%
Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Forward interest rate	2.71%

Vertical Long-Term Incentive _2

Vertical Long-Term Incentive Plans (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2015	Sep. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation				$ 9,130,000	$ 7,619,000	$ 5,154,000
Service expense
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation				$ 950,000	434,000	841,000
Long-Term Incentive Plan
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]
Percentage of award pay out in year two				60.00%
Percentage of award pay out in year three				25.00%
Percentage of award pay out in year four				15.00%
NET Services Vertical Long-term Incentive Plan [Member]
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]
Deferred compensation liability					2,956,000
NET Services Vertical Long-term Incentive Plan [Member] | Accrued expenses and other long-term liabilities
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]
Deferred compensation liability				$ 630,000	2,657,000
LogistiCare LTI Program
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation				0
Management Incentive Plan
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]
Deferred compensation liability				$ 1,441,000
Maximum | Long-Term Incentive Plan
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]
Percentage of award allowed to be paid in unrestricted stock		50.00%
Maximum | LogistiCare LTI Program
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]
Percent of award paid In stock	50.00%
Amount awarded per employee			$ 7,000,000
Percent Of awards issued				65.50%
Maximum | Management Incentive Plan
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]
Amount awarded per employee				$ 237,500,000
EBITDA threshold				395,500,000
Minimum | Management Incentive Plan
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]
Amount awarded per employee				12,500,000
EBITDA threshold				272,500,000
NET Services Vertical Long-term Incentive Plan [Member] | Service expense
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]
Compensation expense				$ (253,000)	$ 816,000	$ 1,513,000

Earnings Per Share - Schedule o

Earnings Per Share - Schedule of Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Numerator:
Net income (loss) attributable to Providence	$ (20,350)	$ 7,154	$ (11,215)	$ 5,430	$ 38,926	$ 14,853	$ 3,915	$ (4,325)	$ (18,981)	$ 53,369	$ 91,928
Less dividends on convertible preferred stock									(4,420)	(4,419)	(4,419)
Less income allocated to participating securities									(1,856)	(6,314)	(10,569)
Net income available to common stockholders									$ (25,257)	$ 42,636	$ 76,940
Denominator:
Denominator for basic earnings per share -- weighted-average shares (in shares)									12,960,837	13,602,140	14,666,896
Effect of dilutive securities:
Denominator for diluted earnings per share -- adjusted weighted-average shares assumed conversion (in shares)									13,033,247	13,673,314	14,779,398
Basic earnings (loss) per share:
Continuing operations (in dollars per share)									$ 0.92	$ 2.99	$ 1.35
Discontinued operations (in dollars per share)									(2.87)	0.15	3.90
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ (1.67)	$ 0.37	$ (0.96)	$ 0.27	$ 2.44	$ 0.88	$ 0.15	$ (0.40)	(1.95)	3.14	5.25
Diluted earnings (loss) per share:
Continuing operations (in dollars per share)									0.92	2.97	1.34
Discontinued operations (in dollars per share)									(2.86)	0.15	3.87
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (1.67)	$ 0.37	$ (0.95)	$ 0.26	$ 2.42	$ 0.88	$ 0.14	$ (0.40)	$ (1.94)	$ 3.12	$ 5.21
Stock Options
Effect of dilutive securities:
Common stock options (in shares)									72,410	66,314	105,837
Performance Restricted Stock Units [Member]
Effect of dilutive securities:
Performance-based restricted stock units (in shares)									0	4,860	6,665
Continuing Operations
Numerator:
Net income available to common stockholders									$ 11,953	$ 40,647	$ 19,749
Discontinued Operations
Numerator:
Net income available to common stockholders									$ (37,210)	$ 1,989	$ 57,191

Earnings Per Share - Schedule_2

Earnings Per Share - Schedule of Antidilutive Securities (Details) - shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Stock options to purchase common stock
Earnings Per Share, Basic, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares)	560,547	362,392	22,638
Convertible preferred stock
Earnings Per Share, Basic, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares)	802,489	803,323	803,442

Operating Leases and Service _3

Operating Leases and Service Commitment - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Operating Leased Assets [Line Items]
Rent expense	$ 10,960	$ 10,250	$ 9,624
Accrued expenses and other long-term liabilities | Operating Lease Expense
Operating Leased Assets [Line Items]
Deferred rent credit	$ 2,115	$ 2,209

Operating Leases and Service _4

Operating Leases and Service Commitment - Future Minimum Lease Payments (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)
Leases, Operating [Abstract]
2,019	$ 8,825
2,020	6,452
2,021	4,594
2,022	3,801
2,023	1,767
Thereafter	1,600
Total future minimum lease payments	$ 27,039

Operating Leases and Service _5

Operating Leases and Service Commitment - Service Commitment (Details) - Service Commitments $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)
Other Commitments [Line Items]
2,019	$ 9,509
2,020	19,208
Total future payments	$ 28,717

Retirement Plan (Details)

Retirement Plan (Details) - NET Services - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Defined contribution plan, employers matching contribution vesting period	5 years
Corporate
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Defined contribution plan, employer discretionary contribution amount	$ 340	$ 304	$ 232

Income Taxes - Schedule of Fede

Income Taxes - Schedule of Federal, State and Foreign Income Tax Provision (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Federal income tax expense (benefit):
Current	$ 3,462	$ 19,011	$ 20,963
Deferred	(1,157)	(19,762)	(6,545)
Total Federal Tax	2,305	(751)	14,418
State income tax expense (benefit):
Current	2,113	4,048	4,501
Deferred	266	706	(947)
Total State Tax	2,379	4,754	3,554
Total provision for income taxes	$ 4,684	$ 4,003	$ 17,972

Income Taxes - Schedule of Effe

Income Taxes - Schedule of Effective income Tax Reconciliation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Federal statutory rates	21.00%	35.00%	35.00%
Federal income tax at statutory rates	$ 4,812	$ 19,281	$ 15,699
Revaluation of net deferred tax liabilities due to U.S. tax reform	(286)	(19,304)	0
U.S. tax reform impact on equity income of investees	0	(1,646)	0
Change in valuation allowance	36	177	296
Change in uncertain tax positions	108	7	73
State income taxes, net of federal benefit	1,843	3,157	2,399
Compensation expense	235	0	0
Stock compensation	76	3,400	0
Meals and entertainment	74	99	94
Transaction costs	263	159	0
Cost method investment re-measurement gain	(1,381)	0	0
Tax credits	(1,208)	(354)	(947)
Legal expense	0	(805)	522
Other	112	(168)	(164)
Total provision for income taxes	$ 4,684	$ 4,003	$ 17,972
Effective income tax rate	20.00%	7.00%	40.00%

Income Taxes - Schedule of Defe

Income Taxes - Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss carryforwards	$ 19,485	$ 0
Net operating loss carryforwards	1,072	0
Tax credit carryforwards	840	486
Accounts receivable allowance	227	1,134
Accrued items and reserves	6,817	8,297
Stock compensation	1,480	1,480
Deferred rent	543	572
Deferred revenue	272	0
Other	773	172
Total deferred tax assets	31,509	12,141
Deferred tax liabilities:
Deferred financing costs	12	38
Prepaids	900	1,439
Property and equipment depreciation	3,492	3,329
Goodwill and intangibles amortization	6,944	3,678
Equity investment	40,577	42,113
Other	0	303
Total deferred tax liability	51,925	50,900
Net deferred tax liabilities	(20,416)	(38,759)
Less valuation allowance	(2,633)	(473)
Net deferred tax liabilities	(23,049)	(39,232)
Net noncurrent deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance of $0 for 2018 and 2017	2,601	0
Net noncurrent deferred tax liabilities, net of valuation allowance of $2,633 and $473 for 2018 and 2017, respectively	(25,650)	(39,232)
Noncurrent deferred tax assets, valuation allowance	0	0
Noncurrent deferred tax liabilities, valuation allowance	$ 2,633	$ 473

Income Taxes - Narrative (Detai

Income Taxes - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Valuation allowance, deferred tax asset, increase (decrease), amount			$ 2,160
Deferred tax assets, valuation allowance	$ 2,633	$ 473	2,633	$ 473
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, income tax benefit	286	19,304		20,950
Unrecognized tax benefits, income tax penalties and interest expense			47	65	$ 19
Unrecognized tax benefits, income tax penalties and interest accrued	109	$ 83	109	$ 83
Continuing Operations
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Valuation allowance, deferred tax asset, increase (decrease), amount			36
Discontinued Operations
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Valuation allowance, deferred tax asset, increase (decrease), amount			1,492
State and Local Jurisdiction
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Operating loss carryforwards	26,936		26,936
State net operating loss carryforwards	26,936		$ 26,936
State and Local Jurisdiction | Minimum
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Taxable income projection years			3 years
State and Local Jurisdiction | Maximum
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Taxable income projection years			4 years
Domestic Tax Authority
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Operating loss carryforwards	86,865		$ 86,865
State net operating loss carryforwards	3,055		3,055
Operating loss carryforwards, not subject to expiration	83,810		$ 83,810
Taxable income projection years			3 years
Circulation
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
State net operating loss carryforwards	8,600		$ 8,600
Valuation allowance, deferred tax asset, increase (decrease), amount			632
State Net Operating Loss, Capital Loss, And Tax Credit Carryforwards
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Deferred tax assets, valuation allowance	2,166		2,166
Stock Compensation And Accrued Liability Deferred Tax Assets
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Deferred tax assets, valuation allowance	$ 467		$ 467

Income Taxes - Unrecognized Tax

Income Taxes - Unrecognized Tax Benefits (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Excluding Amounts Pertaining to Examined Tax Returns [Roll Forward]
Unrecognized tax benefits, beginning of year	$ 1,115	$ 1,108	$ 271
Balance upon acquisition/disposition	0	0	764
Increase related to prior year positions	104	22	37
Increase related to current year tax positions	160	101	139
Statute of limitations expiration	(157)	(116)	(103)
Unrecognized tax benefits, end of year	$ 1,222	$ 1,115	$ 1,108

Income Taxes Income Taxes - Sta

Income Taxes Income Taxes - State Net operating Loss Carryforwards (Details) - State and Local Jurisdiction $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
2,023	$ 2,021
Thereafter	24,915
Total state net operating loss carryforwards	$ 26,936

Commitments and Contingencies (

Commitments and Contingencies (Details) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Oct. 23, 2014
Other Noncurrent Liabilities
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Total participant deferrals		$ 1,806,000	$ 1,982,000	$ 1,806,000
Haverhill Litigation
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Indemnified legal expenses				318,000	$ 1,282,000
Indemnified legal expenses, related parties				245,000	757,000
Offsetting receivable		941,000		941,000
Haverhill Litigation | General and administrative expense
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Legal expense			$ (226,000)	$ 8,000	$ 210,000
Unsecured Subordinated Note Issued to Coliseum | Coliseum Capital Management, LLC
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Stated interest rate						14.00%
Face amount						$ 65,500,000
Settled Litigation | Proposed Settlement Agreement
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Settlement amount received	$ 5,363,000	$ 5,363,000
Common Class A | Affiliated Entity | Stockholders
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Percentage of stock in company			9.60%
Preferred Class A | Affiliated Entity | Stockholders
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Percentage of stock in company			95.60%

Transactions with Related Par_2

Transactions with Related Parties (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Coliseum Capital Partners, L.P. | Preferred Stock Dividends Earned by Related Party
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Related party transaction amount	$ 4,213	$ 4,213
Mission Providence | Corporate Joint Venture
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Loan to joint venture		$ 566

Acquisitions - Narrative (Detai

Acquisitions - Narrative (Details)	Sep. 21, 2018USD ($)co-founder	Jul. 31, 2017USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2018USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2016USD ($)
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Providence’s acquisition date fair value equity interest in Circulation				$ 9,577,000	$ 0	$ 0
Remeasurement gain				6,577,000	0	$ 0
Goodwill deductible for income tax purposes				29,000	$ 29,000
Circulation
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Purchase price	$ 45,123,000
Contingent liability	$ 1,000,000
Contingent liability, term	3 years
Number of co-founders of acquired entity | co-founder	2
Initial investment		$ 3,000,000
Providence’s acquisition date fair value equity interest in Circulation	$ 9,577,000		$ 9,577,000
Remeasurement gain	6,577,000		$ 6,577,000
Merger and acquisition related diligence costs				$ 1,729,000
Goodwill deductible for income tax purposes	$ 0

Acquisitions - Preliminary Purc

Acquisitions - Preliminary Purchase (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 21, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Providence’s acquisition date fair value equity interest in Circulation			$ 9,577	$ 0	$ 0
Total consideration			$ 54,700	$ 0	$ 0
Circulation
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Cash purchase of common stock	$ 45,123
Providence’s acquisition date fair value equity interest in Circulation	9,577	$ 9,577
Total consideration	$ 54,700

Acquisitions - Purchase Price A

Acquisitions - Purchase Price Allocation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 21, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Goodwill	$ 135,216		$ 95,215
Circulation
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Cash		$ 1,302
Accounts receivable		996
Other assets		216
Property and equipment		49
Intangibles		15,700
Goodwill		40,001
Deferred taxes, net		(2,199)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities		(1,244)
Deferred revenue		(69)
Other non-current liabilities		(52)
Total of assets acquired and liabilities assumed		$ 54,700

Acquisitions - Finite-Lived Int

Acquisitions - Finite-Lived Intangible Assets Acquired (Details) - Circulation $ in Thousands	Sep. 21, 2018USD ($)
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Value	$ 15,700
Customer relationships
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Life	3 years
Value	$ 1,400
Trademarks and trade names
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Life	3 years
Value	$ 200
Developed technology
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Life	5 years
Value	$ 14,100

Acquisitions - Pro Forma Inform

Acquisitions - Pro Forma Information (Details) - Circulation - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Business Acquisition, Actual [Abstract]
Revenue	$ 2,205
Net loss	(2,108)
Proforma:
Revenue	1,388,203	$ 1,319,195
Net (loss) income attributable to Providence	$ (21,541)	$ 49,097
Diluted (loss) earnings per share (in USD per share)	$ (2.11)	$ 2.85

Discontinued Operations - Narra

Discontinued Operations - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 21, 2018USD ($)	Sep. 29, 2017USD ($)	Sep. 29, 2017AUD ($)	Sep. 28, 2017	Oct. 19, 2016USD ($)	Feb. 28, 2017USD ($)	Nov. 30, 2016USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2016USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2018USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2018USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2018USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2017USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2017USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2017USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2016USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2017USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2016USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022USD ($)	Oct. 18, 2016
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Tax credit carryforwards										$ 840,000				$ 486,000						$ 840,000	$ 486,000
Proceeds from sale of equity investment																				0	15,593,000	$ 0
(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax										$ (19,026,000)	$ (2,964,000)	$ (13,366,000)	$ (1,697,000)	1,074,000	$ 11,575,000	$ (3,917,000)	$ (5,997,000)			(37,053,000)	2,735,000	62,965,000
Reclassification of translation loss realized upon sale of equity investments																				(29,973,000)	(527,000)	0
Equity in net (gain) loss of investees																				(6,072,000)	12,054,000	(10,287,000)
Asset impairment charge																				23,378,000	0	21,003,000
Discontinued Operations
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax																				(37,053,000)	2,735,000	62,965,000
Adjustment for reclassification of currency translation																				29,973,000
Income tax expense on WD Services operations																				(47,937,000)	(3,293,000)	59,917,000
Asset impairment charge												$ 9,203,000								$ 9,203,000		19,588,000
Matrix
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Equity method investment, ownership percentage					46.80%					43.60%										43.60%				100.00%
Management consulting agreement term					10 years
Equity in net (gain) loss of investees																				$ (6,158,000)	13,445,000	(1,789,000)
Equity method investment, pretax income (loss)								$ (7,027,000)												(27,128,000)	(2,948,000)
Transaction related expenses								$ 6,367,000													3,537,000
Matrix | Other Receivables
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Management fees received																				2,271,000	1,103,000
Management fees receivable										$ 259,000				$ 247,000						259,000	247,000
Revolving Credit Facility
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Face amount										200,000,000										200,000,000
Matrix | Credit and Guaranty Agreement
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Long-term debt					$ 198,000,000
Face amount					198,000,000
Matrix | Credit and Guaranty Agreement | Revolving Credit Facility
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Amount borrowed					10,000,000
WD Services
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Income tax expense on WD Services operations																				3,379,000
WD Services | Discontinued Operations
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Cash consideration paid	$ 46,450,000
Current assets of discontinued operations	20,993,000
Tax benefit effect of gain (loss) from disposal of discontinued operation	$ (51,861,000)									(646,000)										51,861,000
(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax																				(37,003,000)	8,718,000	(45,795,000)
Adjustment for reclassification of currency translation																				(29,973,000)
Tax benefits on the WD Services Sale																				51,861,000
Income tax expense on WD Services operations																				(48,482,000)	398,000	(936,000)
Asset impairment charge																				9,203,000		19,588,000
Intangible assets impairment																		$ 4,381,000
Property and equipment impairment																		9,983,000
Goodwill impairment																		$ 5,224,000
Mission Providence | Discontinued Operations, Disposed of by Sale
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Sale of stock, percentage of ownership before transaction				100.00%
Proceeds from sale of equity investment		$ 15,823,000	$ 20,184
Equity method investment, working capital adjustment																					229,000
(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax																			$ (1,934,000)		12,377,000	(8,843,000)
Matrix
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Enterprise value					537,500,000
Final working capital adjustment payment						$ 75,000
Human Services Segment | Discontinued Operations
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax																				(50,000)	(5,983,000)	(5,565,000)
Income tax expense on WD Services operations																				545,000	$ (3,691,000)	(2,401,000)
Asset impairment charge																				0		0
HA Services Segment | Discontinued Operations
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax																						114,325,000
Income tax expense on WD Services operations																						63,254,000
Discontinued operations, interest expense																						$ 9,939,000
Mercury Fortuna Buyer, LLC | Matrix
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Cash consideration paid					180,614,000
Matrix
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Distribution at closing					$ 381,163,000
Contribution of capital							$ 5,663,000
Initial payment							$ 5,172,000
Forecast | WD Services | Discontinued Operations
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Tax benefit effect of gain (loss) from disposal of discontinued operation									$ 34,275,000														$ 17,586,000
Capital Loss Carryforward | WD Services | Discontinued Operations
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Tax credit carryforwards										$ 1,072,000										$ 1,072,000

Discontinued Operations - Missi

Discontinued Operations - Mission Providence (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Net loss	$ (19,026)	$ (2,964)	$ (13,366)	$ (1,697)	$ 1,074	$ 11,575	$ (3,917)	$ (5,997)		$ (37,053)	$ 2,735	$ 62,965
Mission Providence | Discontinued Operations, Disposed of by Sale
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Revenue									$ 30,125			36,546
Operating loss									(1,765)			(9,664)
Net loss									$ (1,934)		$ 12,377	$ (8,843)

Discontinued Operations - Incom

Discontinued Operations - Income Statement (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Other expenses:
Write-off of deferred financing fees									$ 0	$ 0	$ 2,302
(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax	$ (19,026)	$ (2,964)	$ (13,366)	$ (1,697)	$ 1,074	$ 11,575	$ (3,917)	$ (5,997)	(37,053)	2,735	62,965
Discontinued Operations
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Service revenue, net									264,553	305,662	510,493
General and administrative expense
Service expense									248,824	265,417	441,053
General and administrative expense									26,400	38,519	40,498
Asset impairment charge									9,203		19,588
Depreciation and amortization									11,864	12,851	34,944
Total operating expenses (benefits)									296,291	316,787	536,083
Operating loss									(31,738)	(11,125)	(25,590)
Other expenses:
Interest expense, net									35	74	9,997
Equity in net loss of investees										1,391	8,498
Write-off of deferred financing fees											2,302
Gain on sale of equity investment										(12,377)
Gain on foreign currency transactions									(388)	345	(1,374)
Other gain									(87)
(Loss) income from discontinued operations before gain on disposition and income taxes									(31,298)	(558)	(45,013)
Gain (loss) on disposition									(53,692)		167,895
Benefit for income taxes									47,937	3,293	(59,917)
(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax									(37,053)	2,735	62,965
Human Services Segment | Discontinued Operations
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Service revenue, net									0	0	0
General and administrative expense
Service expense									0	0	0
General and administrative expense									(495)	9,674	7,966
Asset impairment charge									0		0
Depreciation and amortization									0	0	0
Total operating expenses (benefits)									(495)	9,674	7,966
Operating loss									495	(9,674)	(7,966)
Other expenses:
Interest expense, net									0	0	0
Equity in net loss of investees										0	0
Write-off of deferred financing fees											0
Gain on sale of equity investment										0
Gain on foreign currency transactions									0	0	0
Other gain									0
(Loss) income from discontinued operations before gain on disposition and income taxes									495	(9,674)	(7,966)
Gain (loss) on disposition									0		0
Benefit for income taxes									(545)	3,691	2,401
(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax									(50)	(5,983)	(5,565)
HA Services Segment | Discontinued Operations
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Service revenue, net											166,090
General and administrative expense
Service expense											120,906
General and administrative expense											2,148
Asset impairment charge											0
Depreciation and amortization											21,121
Total operating expenses (benefits)											144,175
Operating loss											21,915
Other expenses:
Interest expense, net											9,929
Equity in net loss of investees											0
Write-off of deferred financing fees											2,302
Gain on foreign currency transactions											0
(Loss) income from discontinued operations before gain on disposition and income taxes											9,684
Gain (loss) on disposition											167,895
Benefit for income taxes											(63,254)
(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax											114,325
WD Services
Other expenses:
Benefit for income taxes									(3,379)
WD Services | Discontinued Operations
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Service revenue, net									264,553	305,662	344,403
General and administrative expense
Service expense									248,824	265,417	320,147
General and administrative expense									26,895	28,845	30,384
Asset impairment charge									9,203		19,588
Depreciation and amortization									11,864	12,851	13,823
Total operating expenses (benefits)									296,786	307,113	383,942
Operating loss									(32,233)	(1,451)	(39,539)
Other expenses:
Interest expense, net									35	74	68
Equity in net loss of investees										1,391	8,498
Write-off of deferred financing fees											0
Gain on sale of equity investment										(12,377)
Gain on foreign currency transactions									(388)	345	(1,374)
Other gain									(87)
(Loss) income from discontinued operations before gain on disposition and income taxes									(31,793)	9,116	(46,731)
Gain (loss) on disposition									(53,692)		0
Benefit for income taxes									48,482	(398)	936
(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax									$ (37,003)	$ 8,718	$ (45,795)

Discontinued Operations Discont

Discontinued Operations Discontinued Operations - Loss on Disposition, Net of Tax (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 21, 2018	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Total cash received, net of transaction costs and cash sold			$ 12,780	$ 0	$ 371,580
Discontinued Operations
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Adjustment for reclassification of currency translation			29,973
WD Services | Discontinued Operations
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Total cash received, net of transaction costs and cash sold			12,780
Total WD Services net asset value as of transaction date, net of cash sold		$ (36,499)	(36,499)
Income tax benefit	$ (51,861)	(646)	51,861
Gain on sale before reclassification of currency translation, net of tax			28,142
Adjustment for reclassification of currency translation			(29,973)
Loss on disposition, net of tax		$ (1,056)	$ (1,831)

Discontinued Operations - Balan

Discontinued Operations - Balance Sheet (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Jan. 01, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 2,321		$ 42,512	$ 22,666
Current assets of discontinued operations	7,051	$ 115,206	104,024
Noncurrent assets of discontinued operations	0		73,828
Current liabilities of discontinued operations	3,257	67,085	61,643
Noncurrent liabilities of discontinued operations	0	$ 7,595	7,565
WD Services | Discontinued Operations
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	2,321		42,512
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $3,460 and $500 in 2018 and 2017, respectively	4,316		48,718
Accounts receivable, allowance	3,460		500
Other receivables	0		10
Prepaid expenses and other	414		12,784
Current assets of discontinued operations	7,051		104,024
Property and equipment, net	0		12,705
Goodwill	0		26,453
Intangible assets, net	0		29,774
Equity investments	0		213
Other assets	0		51
Deferred tax asset	0		4,632
Noncurrent assets of discontinued operations	0		73,828
Accounts payable	486		15,086
Accrued expenses	2,771		32,195
Deferred revenue	0		14,362
Current liabilities of discontinued operations	3,257		61,643
Other long-term liabilities	0		5,170
Deferred tax liabilities	0		2,395
Noncurrent liabilities of discontinued operations	$ 0		$ 7,565

Discontinued Operations - Cash

Discontinued Operations - Cash Flow (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Cash flows from discontinued operating activities:
Depreciation		$ 18,769	$ 18,542	$ 21,699
Amortization		8,908	7,927	26,026
Asset impairment charge		23,378	0	21,003
Stock based compensation		8,993	7,543	5,136
Deferred income taxes		(545)	(22,996)	(14,130)
Discontinued Operations
Cash flows from discontinued operating activities:
Depreciation		6,711	7,825	11,799
Amortization		5,153	5,026	23,145
Asset impairment charge	$ 9,203	9,203		19,588
Stock based compensation		6	57	(29)
Deferred income taxes		345	(3,940)	45,700
Cash flows from discontinued investing activities:
Purchase of property and equipment		6,725	4,527	28,984
Human Services | Discontinued Operations
Cash flows from discontinued operating activities:
Depreciation		0	0	3,661
Amortization		0	0	17,460
Asset impairment charge		0		0
Stock based compensation		0	0	(18)
Deferred income taxes		419	(3,433)	52,338
Cash flows from discontinued investing activities:
Purchase of property and equipment		0	0	9,174
WD Services | Discontinued Operations
Cash flows from discontinued operating activities:
Depreciation		6,711	7,825	8,138
Amortization		5,153	5,026	5,685
Asset impairment charge		9,203		19,588
Stock based compensation		6	57	(11)
Deferred income taxes		(74)	(507)	(6,638)
Cash flows from discontinued investing activities:
Purchase of property and equipment		$ 6,725	$ 4,527	$ 19,810

Segments - Narrative (Details)

Segments - Narrative (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Sales Revenue, Net | Continuing Operations | Government Contracts Concentration Risk | One US State
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	12.60%	13.80%	13.10%

Segments - Financial Informatio

Segments - Financial Information Attributable to the Company's Business Segments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Service revenue, net									$ 1,384,965	$ 1,318,220	$ 1,233,842
Service expense									1,284,603	1,223,627	1,131,963
General and administrative expense									46,098	43,491	39,527
Asset impairment charge									23,378	0	21,003
Depreciation and amortization									15,813	13,618	12,780
Operating income	$ (693)	$ 9,435	$ 3,431	$ 12,103	$ 14,173	$ 7,271	$ 11,333	$ 4,707	24,276	37,484	48,157
Equity in net (gain) loss of investees									6,072	(12,054)	10,287
Investment in equity method investee	161,503				169,699				161,503	169,699
Total assets	572,246				704,090				572,246	704,090
NET Services
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Service revenue, net									1,384,965
Asset impairment charge	13,496
Continuing Operations
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Service revenue, net									1,384,965	1,318,220	1,233,842
Service expense									1,284,603	1,223,627	1,131,963
General and administrative expense									46,098	43,491	39,527
Asset impairment charge									14,175	0	1,415
Depreciation and amortization									15,813	13,618	12,780
Operating income									24,276	37,484	48,157
Equity in net (gain) loss of investees									6,158	(13,445)	1,789
Investment in equity method investee	161,503				169,699				161,503	169,699
Total assets	565,195				526,238				565,195	526,238
Long-lived asset expenditures									10,796	15,396	12,232
Continuing Operations | Corporate and Other
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Service revenue, net									0	0	122
Service expense									(426)	(3,799)	(894)
General and administrative expense									31,851	31,712	28,121
Asset impairment charge									0	0	1,415
Depreciation and amortization									787	343	405
Operating income									(32,212)	(28,256)	(28,925)
Equity in net (gain) loss of investees									0	0	0
Investment in equity method investee	0								0
Total assets	54,125				62,412				54,125	62,412
Long-lived asset expenditures									0	77	1,387
Continuing Operations | NET Services | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Service revenue, net									1,384,965	1,318,220	1,233,720
Service expense									1,285,029	1,227,426	1,132,857
General and administrative expense									14,247	11,779	11,406
Asset impairment charge									14,175	0	0
Depreciation and amortization									15,026	13,275	12,375
Operating income									56,488	65,740	77,082
Equity in net (gain) loss of investees									0	0	0
Investment in equity method investee	0								0
Total assets	349,567				294,127				349,567	294,127
Long-lived asset expenditures									10,796	15,319	10,845
Continuing Operations | Matrix Investment | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Service revenue, net									0	0	0
Service expense									0	0	0
General and administrative expense									0	0	0
Asset impairment charge									0	0	0
Depreciation and amortization									0	0	0
Operating income									0	0	0
Equity in net (gain) loss of investees									6,158	(13,445)	1,789
Investment in equity method investee	161,503				169,699				161,503	169,699
Total assets	$ 161,503				$ 169,699				161,503	169,699
Long-lived asset expenditures									$ 0	$ 0	$ 0

Quarterly Results (Unaudited) -

Quarterly Results (Unaudited) - Financial Statements (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]
Service revenue, net	$ 360,762	$ 343,771	$ 343,736	$ 336,696	$ 330,558	$ 324,824	$ 338,805	$ 324,033
Operating income	(693)	9,435	3,431	12,103	14,173	7,271	11,333	4,707	$ 24,276	$ 37,484	$ 48,157
Income (loss) from continuing operations, net of tax	(1,454)	10,295	1,964	7,423	38,008	3,374	7,658	2,046	18,228	51,085	26,881
(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax	(19,026)	(2,964)	(13,366)	(1,697)	1,074	11,575	(3,917)	(5,997)	(37,053)	2,735	62,965
Net income (loss) attributable to Providence	$ (20,350)	$ 7,154	$ (11,215)	$ 5,430	$ 38,926	$ 14,853	$ 3,915	$ (4,325)	$ (18,981)	$ 53,369	$ 91,928
Earnings (loss) per common share:
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ (1.67)	$ 0.37	$ (0.96)	$ 0.27	$ 2.44	$ 0.88	$ 0.15	$ (0.40)	$ (1.95)	$ 3.14	$ 5.25
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (1.67)	$ 0.37	$ (0.95)	$ 0.26	$ 2.42	$ 0.88	$ 0.14	$ (0.40)	$ (1.94)	$ 3.12	$ 5.21

Quarterly Results (Unaudited)_2

Quarterly Results (Unaudited) - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 21, 2018	Nov. 30, 2017	Jul. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Asset impairment charge												$ 23,378	$ 0	$ 21,003
Providence’s acquisition date fair value equity interest in Circulation												9,577	0	0
Remeasurement gain												6,577	0	0
Gain on sale of equity investment												0	12,377	0
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, remeasurement of deferred tax liability								$ 15,925
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, income tax (benefit) expense				$ (286)				(19,304)					(20,950)
Expenses included in discontinued operations, net of tax				19,026	$ 2,964	$ 13,366	$ 1,697	(1,074)	$ (11,575)	$ 3,917	$ 5,997	37,053	(2,735)	(62,965)
Matrix
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, remeasurement of deferred tax liability								13,610
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, income tax (benefit) expense								3,379
Discontinued Operations
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Asset impairment charge						$ 9,203						9,203		19,588
Expenses included in discontinued operations, net of tax												37,053	(2,735)	(62,965)
WD Services | Discontinued Operations
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Asset impairment charge												9,203		19,588
Loss on disposition				$ 1,056								1,831
Expenses included in discontinued operations, net of tax												37,003	(8,718)	45,795
Human Services | Discontinued Operations
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Asset impairment charge												0		0
Expenses included in discontinued operations, net of tax												$ 50	$ 5,983	$ 5,565
Mission Providence | Disposed of by Sale
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Gain on sale of equity investment									$ 12,606
Equity method investment, working capital adjustment								229
Proposed Settlement Agreement | Settled Litigation
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Settlement amount received		$ 5,363						$ 5,363
Indemnification Agreement | Rodriguez v. Providence Community Corrections | Human Services
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Legal expense											$ 5,866
Circulation
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Initial investment			$ 3,000
Providence’s acquisition date fair value equity interest in Circulation	$ 9,577				9,577
Remeasurement gain	$ 6,577				$ 6,577

Schedule II Valuation and Qua_2

Schedule II Valuation and Qualifying Accounts (Details) - Allowance for Doubtful Accounts - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	$ 5,262	$ 5,164	$ 3,879
Charged to costs and expenses	338	765	2,903
Charged to other accounts	(523)	(537)	1,172
Deductions	3,223	130	2,790
Balance at end of period	$ 1,854	$ 5,262	$ 5,164