Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses | NOTE 3 – LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES Types of loans and normal collateral securing those loans are listed below. Commercial real estate : Commercial real estate loans include all loans secured by nonfarm, nonresidential properties and by multifamily residential properties, as well as 1-4 family investment-purpose real estate loans. Commercial and industrial : Commercial and industrial loans include loans used to purchase fixed assets, provide working capital or meet other financing needs of the business. Loans are normally secured by the assets being purchased or already owned by the borrower, inventory or accounts receivable. These may include SBA and other guaranteed or partially guaranteed types of loans. Residential real estate : Residential real estate loans include loans secured by primary or secondary personal residences. Agricultural real estate : Agricultural real estate loans are loans typically secured by farmland. Agricultural : Agricultural loans are primarily operating lines subject to annual farming revenues including productivity/yield of the agricultural commodities produced. These loans may be secured by growing crops, stored crops, livestock, equipment, and miscellaneous receivables. Consumer : Consumer loans may include installment loans, unsecured and secured personal lines of credit, overdraft protection and letters of credit. These loans are generally secured by consumer assets but may be unsecured. The following table lists categories of loans at September 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022. September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Commercial real estate $ 1,721,761 $ 1,721,268 Commercial and industrial 585,129 594,863 Residential real estate 558,188 570,550 Agricultural real estate 205,865 199,189 Agricultural 103,352 120,003 Consumer 107,823 105,675 Total loans 3,282,118 3,311,548 Allowance for credit losses ( 44,186 ) ( 45,847 ) Net loans $ 3,237,932 $ 3,265,701 From time to time, the Company has purchased pools of residential real estate loans originated by other financial institutions to hold for investment with the intent to diversify the residential real estate portfolio . During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company did no t purchase any pools of residential loans. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company purchased residential loan pools of $ 794 . As of September 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022, residential real estate loans include $ 307,724 and $ 327,309 of purchased residential real estate loans. The Company occasionally purchases the government guaranteed portion of loans originated by other financial institutions to hold for investment. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company purchased $ 0 and $ 1,235 in loans guaranteed by governmental agencies. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company purchased $ 0 and $ 2,293 in loans guaranteed by governmental agencies. The unamortized purchase accounting discounts related to non-purchase credit deteriorated loans included in the loan totals abov e are $ 2,574 with related loans of $ 218,115 at September 30 , 20 23, and $ 3,632 with related loans of $ 286,538 at December 31, 2022. Overdraft deposit accounts are reclassified and included in consumer loans above. These accoun ts totaled $ 661 at September 30, 2023, and $ 475 a t December 31, 2022. The following tables present the activity in the allowance for credit losses by class for the three month periods ended September 30, 2023, and 2022. September 30, 2023 Commercial Commercial Residential Agricultural Agricultural Consumer Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance $ 16,652 $ 15,194 $ 8,855 $ 583 $ 1,289 $ 1,971 $ 44,544 Provision for credit losses ( 2,954 ) 5,163 ( 1,521 ) 620 35 ( 113 ) 1,230 Loans charged-off ( 8 ) ( 1,399 ) — ( 4 ) — ( 242 ) ( 1,653 ) Recoveries 6 2 2 1 — 54 65 Total ending allowance balance $ 13,696 $ 18,960 $ 7,336 $ 1,200 $ 1,324 $ 1,670 $ 44,186 September 30, 2022 Commercial Commercial Residential Agricultural Agricultural Consumer Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance $ 22,665 $ 13,209 $ 6,818 $ 1,007 $ 2,289 $ 2,250 $ 48,238 Provision for credit losses ( 1,712 ) 911 486 40 ( 202 ) 341 ( 136 ) Loans charged-off ( 612 ) ( 706 ) ( 51 ) — ( 44 ) ( 266 ) ( 1,679 ) Recoveries 7 1 7 1 — 60 76 Total ending allowance balance $ 20,348 $ 13,415 $ 7,260 $ 1,048 $ 2,043 $ 2,385 $ 46,499 The following tables present the activity in the allowance for credit losses by class for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2023, and 2022. September 30, 2023 Commercial Commercial Residential Agricultural Agricultural Consumer Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance $ 16,731 $ 14,951 $ 8,608 $ 819 $ 2,457 $ 2,281 $ 45,847 Provision for credit losses ( 3,100 ) 6,430 ( 1,275 ) 381 ( 1,180 ) ( 94 ) $ 1,162 Loans charged-off ( 18 ) ( 2,474 ) ( 57 ) ( 4 ) ( 108 ) ( 698 ) ( 3,359 ) Recoveries 83 53 60 4 155 181 536 Total ending allowance balance $ 13,696 $ 18,960 $ 7,336 $ 1,200 $ 1,324 $ 1,670 $ 44,186 September 30, 2022 Commercial Commercial Residential Agricultural Agricultural Consumer Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance $ 22,478 $ 12,248 $ 5,560 $ 2,235 $ 3,756 $ 2,088 $ 48,365 Provision for credit losses ( 1,293 ) 1,833 1,758 ( 1,195 ) ( 1,668 ) 841 276 Loans charged-off ( 906 ) ( 785 ) ( 99 ) — ( 45 ) ( 760 ) ( 2,595 ) Recoveries 69 119 41 8 — 216 453 Total ending allowance balance $ 20,348 $ 13,415 $ 7,260 $ 1,048 $ 2,043 $ 2,385 $ 46,499 The following tables present the recorded investment in loans and the balance in the allowance for credit losses by portfolio and class based on method to determine allowance for credit loss as of September 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022. September 30, 2023 Commercial Commercial Residential Agricultural Agricultural Consumer Total Allowance for credit losses: Individually evaluated for credit losses $ 441 $ 1,446 $ 780 $ 683 $ 912 $ 163 $ 4,425 Collectively evaluated for credit losses 13,255 17,514 6,556 517 412 1,507 39,761 Total $ 13,696 $ 18,960 $ 7,336 $ 1,200 $ 1,324 $ 1,670 $ 44,186 Loan Balance: Individually evaluated for credit losses $ 3,476 $ 6,182 $ 3,237 $ 4,667 $ 3,691 $ 693 $ 21,946 Collectively evaluated for credit losses 1,718,285 578,947 554,951 201,198 99,661 107,130 3,260,172 Total $ 1,721,761 $ 585,129 $ 558,188 $ 205,865 $ 103,352 $ 107,823 $ 3,282,118 December 31, 2022 Commercial Commercial Residential Agricultural Agricultural Consumer Total Allowance for credit losses: Individually evaluated for credit losses $ 285 $ 1,433 $ 795 $ 221 $ 2,125 $ 87 $ 4,946 Collectively evaluated for credit losses 16,446 13,518 7,813 598 332 2,194 40,901 Total $ 16,731 $ 14,951 $ 8,608 $ 819 $ 2,457 $ 2,281 $ 45,847 Loan Balance: Individually evaluated for credit losses $ 2,867 $ 6,653 $ 3,344 $ 2,606 $ 4,576 $ 379 $ 20,425 Collectively evaluated for credit losses 1,718,401 588,210 567,206 196,583 115,427 105,296 3,291,123 Total $ 1,721,268 $ 594,863 $ 570,550 $ 199,189 $ 120,003 $ 105,675 $ 3,311,548 The following tables present information related to nonaccrual loans at September 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022. September 30, 2023 Unpaid Recorded Allowance for With no related allowance recorded: Commercial real estate $ 2,309 $ 1,674 $ — Commercial and industrial 5,097 1,256 — Residential real estate 23 — — Agricultural real estate 1,421 1,031 — Agricultural 2,303 — — Consumer 27 1 — Subtotal 11,180 3,962 — With an allowance recorded: Commercial real estate 1,640 1,413 334 Commercial and industrial 5,635 4,363 1,124 Residential real estate 3,432 3,124 777 Agricultural real estate 4,820 3,333 673 Agricultural 3,056 2,585 788 Consumer 733 655 159 Subtotal 19,316 15,473 3,855 Total $ 30,496 $ 19,435 $ 3,855 December 31, 2022 Unpaid Recorded Allowance for With no related allowance recorded: Commercial real estate $ 2,443 $ 1,866 $ — Commercial and industrial 21 — — Residential real estate 54 25 — Agricultural real estate 1,518 583 — Consumer 6 — — Subtotal 4,042 2,474 — With an allowance recorded: Commercial real estate 1,011 823 206 Commercial and industrial 10,758 5,838 1,091 Residential real estate 3,488 3,181 786 Agricultural real estate 1,956 1,469 216 Agricultural 6,272 3,468 1,860 Consumer 412 348 85 Subtotal 23,897 15,127 4,244 Total $ 27,939 $ 17,601 $ 4,244 The tables below present average recorded investment and interest income related to nonaccrual loans for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, and 2022. Interest income recognized in the following table was substantially recognized on the cash basis. The recorded investment in loans excludes accrued interest receivable due to immateriality. As of and for the three months ended September 30, 2023 September 30, 2022 Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized With no related allowance recorded: Commercial real estate $ 1,749 $ — $ 2,646 $ — Commercial and industrial 628 — 1,979 157 Residential real estate — — — — Agricultural real estate 1,301 — 1,449 — Agricultural — — 5 — Consumer 1 — 5 1 Subtotal 3,679 — 6,084 158 With an allowance recorded: Commercial real estate 1,158 14 2,577 20 Commercial and industrial 4,467 19 3,464 97 Residential real estate 3,020 8 3,086 18 Agricultural real estate 1,822 — 1,924 2 Agricultural 2,548 2 3,594 — Consumer 507 11 266 2 Subtotal 13,522 54 14,911 139 Total $ 17,201 $ 54 $ 20,995 $ 297 As of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 September 30, 2022 Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized With no related allowance recorded: Commercial real estate $ 1,802 $ — $ 1,528 $ — Commercial and industrial 314 1 1,480 157 Residential real estate 6 1 384 1 Agricultural real estate 937 — 1,554 — Agricultural — — 2 — Consumer — — 15 1 Subtotal 3,059 2 4,963 159 With an allowance recorded: Commercial real estate 1,000 14 3,702 20 Commercial and industrial 5,064 21 3,808 97 Residential real estate 3,077 12 3,559 19 Agricultural real estate 1,621 1 2,251 5 Agricultural 2,872 2 4,437 — Consumer 445 11 291 2 Subtotal 14,079 61 18,048 143 Total $ 17,138 $ 63 $ 23,011 $ 302 The following tables present the aging of the recorded investment in past due loans as of September 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022, by portfolio and class of loans. September 30, 2023 30 - 59 60 - 89 Greater Nonaccrual Loans Not Total Commercial real estate $ 2,596 $ 2,298 $ 483 $ 3,087 $ 1,713,297 $ 1,721,761 Commercial and industrial 912 405 312 5,619 577,881 585,129 Residential real estate 1,050 4,551 39 3,124 549,424 558,188 Agricultural real estate 979 — — 4,364 200,522 205,865 Agricultural 169 — — 2,585 100,598 103,352 Consumer 423 88 — 656 106,656 107,823 Total $ 6,129 $ 7,342 $ 834 $ 19,435 $ 3,248,378 $ 3,282,118 December 31, 2022 30 - 59 60 - 89 Greater Nonaccrual Loans Not Total Commercial real estate $ 1,526 $ 69 $ — $ 2,689 $ 1,716,984 $ 1,721,268 Commercial and industrial 232 195 — 5,838 588,598 594,863 Residential real estate 1,133 1,993 — 3,206 564,218 570,550 Agricultural real estate 569 — — 2,052 196,568 199,189 Agricultural 212 — — 3,468 116,323 120,003 Consumer 246 55 — 348 105,026 105,675 Total $ 3,918 $ 2,312 $ — $ 17,601 $ 3,287,717 $ 3,311,548 Credit Quality Indicators The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt, such as current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company analyzes loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk. Consumer loans are considered pass credits unless downgraded due to payment status or reviewed as part of a larger credit relationship. Loans that participated in the short-term deferral program are not automatically considered classified solely due to a deferral, are subject to ongoing monitoring and will be downgraded or placed on nonaccrual if a noted weakness exists. The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings. Pass: Loans classified as pass include all loans that do not fall under one of the three following categories. Special Mention : Loans classified as special mention have a potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of the Company’s credit position at some future date. Substandard : Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful : Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. Based on the most recent analysis performed, the risk category of loans, by type and year of origination, at September 30, 2023, is as follows. September 30, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Total Commercial real estate Risk rating Pass $ 175,524 $ 382,092 $ 243,586 $ 168,924 $ 68,734 $ 205,595 $ 465,774 $ 870 $ 1,711,099 Special mention — 2,037 120 — — 398 257 — 2,812 Substandard — 429 3,086 237 1,500 2,519 79 — 7,850 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial real estate $ 175,524 $ 384,558 $ 246,792 $ 169,161 $ 70,234 $ 208,512 $ 466,110 $ 870 $ 1,721,761 Commercial and industrial Risk rating Pass $ 111,420 $ 122,245 $ 57,766 $ 53,275 $ 31,559 $ 8,335 $ 185,545 $ 1,859 $ 572,004 Special mention — — 15 — — 998 2,251 — 3,264 Substandard 1,310 624 310 2,280 254 2,192 2,891 — 9,861 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial and industrial $ 112,730 $ 122,869 $ 58,091 $ 55,555 $ 31,813 $ 11,525 $ 190,687 $ 1,859 $ 585,129 Residential real estate Risk rating Pass $ 25,540 $ 30,415 $ 284,667 $ 5,554 $ 12,662 $ 135,185 $ 59,834 $ 1,141 $ 554,998 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — 123 115 22 198 1,992 670 70 3,190 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total residential real estate $ 25,540 $ 30,538 $ 284,782 $ 5,576 $ 12,860 $ 137,177 $ 60,504 $ 1,211 $ 558,188 Agricultural real estate Risk rating Pass $ 22,127 $ 27,644 $ 18,627 $ 19,285 $ 10,845 $ 20,968 $ 80,167 $ 289 $ 199,952 Special mention 903 395 — — — 168 755 — 2,221 Substandard — — 28 — 102 3,524 38 — 3,692 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total agricultural real estate $ 23,030 $ 28,039 $ 18,655 $ 19,285 $ 10,947 $ 24,660 $ 80,960 $ 289 $ 205,865 Agricultural Risk rating Pass $ 10,865 $ 8,113 $ 5,653 $ 8,144 $ 1,621 $ 4,228 $ 60,921 $ 55 $ 99,600 Special mention — — — — — 33 259 — 292 Substandard 59 69 503 640 1,862 63 264 — 3,460 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total agricultural $ 10,924 $ 8,182 $ 6,156 $ 8,784 $ 3,483 $ 4,324 $ 61,444 $ 55 $ 103,352 Consumer Risk rating Pass $ 45,341 $ 27,568 $ 11,826 $ 5,555 $ 1,619 $ 3,211 $ 12,046 $ 1 $ 107,167 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard 19 267 194 92 57 26 1 — 656 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total consumer $ 45,360 $ 27,835 $ 12,020 $ 5,647 $ 1,676 $ 3,237 $ 12,047 $ 1 $ 107,823 Total loans Risk rating Pass $ 390,817 $ 598,077 $ 622,125 $ 260,737 $ 127,040 $ 377,522 $ 864,287 $ 4,215 $ 3,244,820 Special mention 903 2,432 135 — — 1,597 3,522 — 8,589 Substandard 1,388 1,512 4,236 3,271 3,973 10,316 3,943 70 28,709 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total loans $ 393,108 $ 602,021 $ 626,496 $ 264,008 $ 131,013 $ 389,435 $ 871,752 $ 4,285 $ 3,282,118 Based on the analysis performed at December 31, 2022, the risk category of loans, by type and year of origination is as follows. December 31, 2022 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Total Commercial real estate Risk rating Pass $ 432,196 $ 252,616 $ 188,897 $ 92,290 $ 114,415 $ 171,498 $ 462,140 $ 741 $ 1,714,793 Special mention — 122 — — — 401 — — 523 Substandard — 3,049 244 144 — 2,515 — — 5,952 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial real estate $ 432,196 $ 255,787 $ 189,141 $ 92,434 $ 114,415 $ 174,414 $ 462,140 $ 741 $ 1,721,268 Commercial and industrial Risk rating Pass $ 172,912 $ 79,782 $ 65,915 $ 39,487 $ 6,712 $ 5,089 $ 189,998 $ 6,654 $ 566,549 Special mention — — — — 674 3,851 — — 4,525 Substandard 283 4,316 2,167 10,127 1,460 783 4,653 — 23,789 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial and industrial $ 173,195 $ 84,098 $ 68,082 $ 49,614 $ 8,846 $ 9,723 $ 194,651 $ 6,654 $ 594,863 Residential real estate Risk rating Pass $ 34,705 $ 299,840 $ 5,939 $ 13,073 $ 47,986 $ 102,871 $ 62,494 $ 271 $ 567,179 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard 58 86 48 209 239 2,633 98 — 3,371 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total residential real estate $ 34,763 $ 299,926 $ 5,987 $ 13,282 $ 48,225 $ 105,504 $ 62,592 $ 271 $ 570,550 Agricultural real estate Risk rating Pass $ 33,586 $ 20,712 $ 26,408 $ 12,754 $ 5,608 $ 18,882 $ 68,510 $ 300 $ 186,760 Special mention 874 — 2,493 — — 604 5,983 — 9,954 Substandard — 203 — 115 485 1,635 37 — 2,475 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total agricultural real estate $ 34,460 $ 20,915 $ 28,901 $ 12,869 $ 6,093 $ 21,121 $ 74,530 $ 300 $ 199,189 Agricultural Risk rating Pass $ 23,917 $ 7,778 $ 9,437 $ 2,642 $ 2,250 $ 2,134 $ 64,647 $ 75 $ 112,880 Special mention — — — 92 22 375 556 — 1,045 Substandard — 1,003 1,838 2,044 386 213 594 — 6,078 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total agricultural $ 23,917 $ 8,781 $ 11,275 $ 4,778 $ 2,658 $ 2,722 $ 65,797 $ 75 $ 120,003 Consumer Risk rating Pass $ 56,497 $ 17,460 $ 8,415 $ 3,235 $ 1,370 $ 3,396 $ 14,955 $ — $ 105,328 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard 17 148 54 81 13 34 — — 347 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total consumer $ 56,514 $ 17,608 $ 8,469 $ 3,316 $ 1,383 $ 3,430 $ 14,955 $ — $ 105,675 Total loans Risk rating Pass $ 753,813 $ 678,188 $ 305,011 $ 163,481 $ 178,341 $ 303,870 $ 862,744 $ 8,041 $ 3,253,489 Special mention 874 122 2,493 92 696 5,231 6,539 — 16,047 Substandard 358 8,805 4,351 12,720 2,583 7,813 5,382 — 42,012 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total loans $ 755,045 $ 687,115 $ 311,855 $ 176,293 $ 181,620 $ 316,914 $ 874,665 $ 8,041 $ 3,311,548 The following table discloses the charge-off and recovery activity by loan type and year of origination for the nine month period ending September 30, 2023. September 30, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Total Commercial real estate Gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ ( 9 ) $ ( 9 ) $ — $ — $ ( 18 ) Gross recoveries — 64 — — — 19 — — 83 Net charge-offs $ — $ 64 $ — $ — $ ( 9 ) $ 10 $ — $ — $ 65 Commercial and industrial Gross charge-offs $ — $ ( 69 ) $ ( 10 ) $ ( 19 ) $ ( 2 ) $ ( 1,158 ) $ ( 1,216 ) $ — $ ( 2,474 ) Gross recoveries — 29 — 15 — 9 — — 53 Net charge-offs $ — $ ( 40 ) $ ( 10 ) $ ( 4 ) $ ( 2 ) $ ( 1,149 ) $ ( 1,216 ) $ — $ ( 2,421 ) Residential real estate Gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ ( 52 ) $ ( 5 ) $ — $ ( 57 ) Gross recoveries — — — — — 60 — — 60 Net charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 8 $ ( 5 ) $ — $ 3 Agricultural real estate Gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ ( 4 ) $ — $ — $ ( 4 ) Gross recoveries — — — — — 4 — — 4 Net charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Agricultural Gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ ( 107 ) $ — $ — $ ( 1 ) $ — $ — $ ( 108 ) Gross recoveries — — — — — 155 — — 155 Net charge-offs $ — $ — $ ( 107 ) $ — $ — $ 154 $ — $ — $ 47 Consumer Gross charge-offs $ ( 168 ) $ ( 129 ) $ ( 84 ) $ ( 48 ) $ ( 46 ) $ ( 164 ) $ ( 59 ) $ — $ ( 698 ) Gross recoveries 1 15 41 10 9 94 11 — 181 Net charge-offs $ ( 167 ) $ ( 114 ) $ ( 43 ) $ ( 38 ) $ ( 37 ) $ ( 70 ) $ ( 48 ) $ — $ ( 517 ) Total loans Gross charge-offs $ ( 168 ) $ ( 198 ) $ ( 201 ) $ ( 67 ) $ ( 57 ) $ ( 1,388 ) $ ( 1,280 ) $ — $ ( 3,359 ) Gross recoveries 1 108 41 25 9 341 11 — 536 Net charge-offs $ ( 167 ) $ ( 90 ) $ ( 160 ) $ ( 42 ) $ ( 48 ) $ ( 1,047 ) $ ( 1,269 ) $ — $ ( 2,823 ) Modifications to Debtors Experiencing Financial Difficulty The Company adopted ASU 2022-02 Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures, effective January 1, 2023, and this accounting guidance is applied prospectively. The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans at September 30, 2023, that were both experiencing financial difficulty and modified during the three months ended September 30, 2023, by class and by type of modification. The percentage of the amortized cost basis of loans that were modified to borrowers in financial distress as compared to the amortized cost basis of each class of financing receivable is also presented below. September 30, 2023 Payment Delay Term Extension Combination Rate Change and Term Extension Combination Payment Delay and Term Extension Total Modifications Total Class of Financing Receivable Commercial real estate $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — 0.00 % Commercial and industrial — — — 4,896 4,896 0.84 % Residential real estate — — — — — 0.00 % Agricultural real estate — 458 — — 458 0.22 % Agricultural — — — — — 0.00 % Consumer — — — — — 0.00 % Total $ — $ 458 $ — $ 4,896 $ 5,354 0.16 % The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans at September 30, 2023, that were both experiencing financial difficulty and modified during the nine months ended September 30, 2023, by class and by type of modification. September 30, 2023 Payment Delay Term Extension Combination Rate Change, Payment Delay and Term Extension Combination Payment Delay and Term Extension Total Modifications Total Class of Financing Receivable Commercial real estate $ — $ — $ — $ 355 $ 355 0.02 % Commercial and industrial — 1,491 — 10,884 12,375 2.11 % Residential real estate — 163 — 12 175 0.03 % Agricultural real estate — 858 — 170 1,028 0.50 % Agricultural 122 — — 421 543 0.53 % Consumer — — 24 — 24 0.02 % Total $ 122 $ 2,512 $ 24 $ 11,842 $ 14,500 0.44 % At September 30, 20 23, there were $ 796 thousand in commitments to lend additional amounts on these loans. The Company considers loans modified to borrowers in financial distress as loans that do not share similar risk characteristics with collectively evaluated loans at modification date for the purposes of calculating the allowance for credit losses. These loans will be evaluated for credit losses based on either discounted cash flows or the fair value of collateral at modification date; however, subsequent to the modification date these loans will be evaluated for credit losses as part of the collectively evaluated pools after a period of ongoing performance under the terms of the modified loan. The Company closely monitors the performance of loans that are modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of its modification efforts. The following table presents the performance of such loans that have been modified during the three months ended September 30, 2023. September 30, 2023 30 - 59 Days Past Due 60 - 89 Days Past Due Greater Than 89 days Past Due Total Past Due Commercial real estate $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial and industrial — — — — Residential real estate 163 12 — 175 Agricultural real estate — — — — Agricultural — — — — Consumer 24 — — 24 Total $ 187 $ 12 $ — $ 199 The following table presents the financial effect of the loan modifications presented above to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty for the three months ended September 30, 2023. September 30, 2023 Principal Forgiveness Weighted Average Interest Rate Reduction Weighted Average Term Extension in Years Commercial real estate $ — — % — Commercial and industrial 1,142 — % 0.13 Residential real estate — — % — Agricultural real estate — — % 1.00 Agricultural — — % — Consumer — — % — Total loans $ 1,142 — % 0.20 The following table presents the financial effect of the loan modifications presented above to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. September 30, 2023 Principal Forgiveness Weighted Average Interest Rate Reduction Weighted Average Term Extension in Years Commercial real estate $ — — % 0.49 Commercial and industrial 1,142 — % 1.13 Residential real estate — — % 9.60 Agricultural real estate — — % 0.99 Agricultural — — % 0.58 Consumer — — % 2.16 Total loans $ 1,142 — % 1.19 Allowance for Credit Losses on Off-Balance-Sheet Credit Exposures The Company estimates expected credit losses over the contractual period in which the Company is exposed to credit risk from a contractual obligation to extend credit, unless that obligation is unconditionally cancelable by the Company. The allowance for credit losses on off-balance-sheet credit exposures is adjusted as a provision for credit loss expense recognized within other non-interest expense on the consolidated statements of income and included in other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. The estimated credit loss includes consideration of the likelihood that funding will occur and an estimate of expected credit losses on commitments expected to be funded over its estimated life. The estimate of expected credit loss is based on the historical loss rate for the class of loan the commitments would be classified as if funded. The following table lists allowance for credit losses on off-balance-sheet credit exposures as of September 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022. Allowance for September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Commercial real estate $ 311 $ 336 Commercial and industrial 854 700 Residential real estate 38 45 Agricultural 8 3 Consumer 246 269 Total allowance for credit losses $ 1,457 $ 1,353 |