Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses | NOTE 3 – LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES Types of loans and normal collateral securing those loans are listed below. Commercial real estate : Commercial real estate loans include all loans secured by non-farm, nonresidential properties and by multifamily residential properties, as well as 1-4 family investment-purpose real estate loans. Commercial and industrial : Commercial and industrial loans include loans used to purchase fixed assets, provide working capital or meet other financing needs of the business. Loans are normally secured by the assets being purchased or already owned by the borrower, inventory or accounts receivable. These may include SBA and other guaranteed or partially guaranteed types of loans. Residential real estate : Residential real estate loans include loans secured by primary or secondary personal residences. Agricultural real estate : Agricultural real estate loans are loans typically secured by farmland. Agricultural : Agricultural loans are primarily operating lines subject to annual farming revenues including productivity/yield of the agricultural commodities produced. These loans may be secured by growing crops, stored crops, livestock, equipment, and miscellaneous receivables. Consumer : Consumer loans may include installment loans, unsecured and secured personal lines of credit, overdraft protection and letters of credit. These loans are generally secured by consumer assets but may be unsecured. The following table lists categories of loans at June 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023. June 30, 2024 December 31, 2023 Commercial real estate $ 1,793,544 $ 1,759,855 Commercial and industrial 663,718 598,327 Residential real estate 572,523 556,328 Agricultural real estate 219,226 196,114 Agricultural 104,342 118,587 Consumer 101,054 103,690 Total loans 3,454,407 3,332,901 Allowance for credit losses ( 43,487 ) ( 43,520 ) Net loans $ 3,410,920 $ 3,289,381 From time to time, the Company has purchased pools of residential real estate loans originated by other financial institutions to hold for investment with the intent to diversify the residential real estate portfoli o. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, and 2023, the Company did no t purchase any pools of residential loans. As of June 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023, residential real estate loans include $ 287,972 and $ 299,448 of p urchased residential real estate loans. The Company occasionally purchases the government guaranteed portion of loans originated by other financial institutions to hold for investment. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company purchased $ 2,727 and $ 6,907 in loans guaranteed by governmental agencies. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company purchased $ 433 and $ 1,235 in loans guaranteed by governmental agencies. The unamortized purchase accounting discounts related to non-purchase credit deteriorated loans included in the loan totals abo ve are $ 4,644 with related loans of $ 281,273 at June 30, 2024, a nd $ 2,424 with related loans of $ 209,662 at December 31, 2023. Overdraft deposit accounts are reclassified and included in consumer loans above. These accounts totaled $ 425 at June 30, 2024, and $ 387 at December 31, 2023. The following tables present the activity in the allowance for credit losses by class for the three month periods ended June 30, 2024, and 2023. June 30, 2024 Commercial Commercial Residential Agricultural Agricultural Consumer Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance $ 13,582 $ 17,651 $ 8,319 $ 1,688 $ 1,612 $ 1,597 $ 44,449 Provision for credit losses 888 ( 87 ) ( 256 ) 566 ( 1,090 ) 244 265 Initial PCD on Acquired loans — — — — — — — Loans charged-off ( 2 ) ( 1,211 ) ( 6 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 159 ) ( 1,380 ) Recoveries 24 54 9 1 1 64 153 Total ending allowance balance $ 14,492 $ 16,407 $ 8,066 $ 2,254 $ 522 $ 1,746 $ 43,487 June 30, 2023 Commercial Commercial Residential Agricultural Agricultural Consumer Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance $ 16,611 $ 15,620 $ 8,751 $ 586 $ 1,547 $ 1,988 $ 45,103 Provision for credit losses ( 20 ) 167 114 ( 6 ) ( 150 ) 193 298 Loans charged-off ( 9 ) ( 640 ) ( 52 ) — ( 108 ) ( 259 ) ( 1,068 ) Recoveries 70 47 42 3 — 49 211 Total ending allowance balance $ 16,652 $ 15,194 $ 8,855 $ 583 $ 1,289 $ 1,971 $ 44,544 The following tables present the activity in the allowance for credit losses by class for the six month periods ended June 30, 2024, and 2023. June 30, 2024 Commercial Commercial Residential Agricultural Agricultural Consumer Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance $ 13,476 $ 17,954 $ 7,784 $ 1,718 $ 995 $ 1,593 $ 43,520 Provision for credit losses 1,004 ( 20 ) 112 535 ( 731 ) 365 1,265 Initial PCD on Acquired loans — 119 184 — 284 9 596 Loans charged-off ( 19 ) ( 1,842 ) ( 33 ) ( 1 ) ( 27 ) ( 340 ) ( 2,262 ) Recoveries 31 196 19 2 1 119 368 Total ending allowance balance $ 14,492 $ 16,407 $ 8,066 $ 2,254 $ 522 $ 1,746 $ 43,487 June 30, 2023 Commercial Commercial Residential Agricultural Agricultural Consumer Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance $ 16,731 $ 14,951 $ 8,608 $ 819 $ 2,457 $ 2,281 $ 45,847 Provision for credit losses ( 146 ) 1,267 246 ( 239 ) ( 1,215 ) 19 ( 68 ) Loans charged-off ( 10 ) ( 1,075 ) ( 57 ) — ( 108 ) ( 456 ) ( 1,706 ) Recoveries 77 51 58 3 155 127 471 Total ending allowance balance $ 16,652 $ 15,194 $ 8,855 $ 583 $ 1,289 $ 1,971 $ 44,544 The following tables present the recorded investment in loans and the balance in the allowance for credit losses by portfolio and class based on the method to determine allowance for credit loss as of June 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023. June 30, 2024 Commercial Commercial Residential Agricultural Agricultural Consumer Total Allowance for credit losses: Individually evaluated for credit losses $ 853 $ 2,153 $ 1,205 $ 652 $ 250 $ 202 $ 5,315 Collectively evaluated for credit losses 13,639 14,254 6,861 1,602 272 1,544 38,172 Total $ 14,492 $ 16,407 $ 8,066 $ 2,254 $ 522 $ 1,746 $ 43,487 Loan Balance: Individually evaluated for credit losses $ 7,158 $ 7,143 $ 5,127 $ 7,058 $ 2,611 $ 915 $ 30,012 Collectively evaluated for credit losses 1,786,386 656,575 567,396 212,168 101,731 100,139 3,424,395 Total $ 1,793,544 $ 663,718 $ 572,523 $ 219,226 $ 104,342 $ 101,054 $ 3,454,407 December 31, 2023 Commercial Commercial Residential Agricultural Agricultural Consumer Total Allowance for credit losses: Individually evaluated for credit losses $ 582 $ 1,644 $ 1,113 $ 674 $ 598 $ 154 $ 4,765 Collectively evaluated for credit losses 12,894 16,310 6,671 1,044 397 1,439 38,755 Total $ 13,476 $ 17,954 $ 7,784 $ 1,718 $ 995 $ 1,593 $ 43,520 Loan Balance: Individually evaluated for credit losses $ 6,031 $ 5,498 $ 7,495 $ 4,672 $ 3,598 $ 669 $ 27,963 Collectively evaluated for credit losses 1,753,824 592,829 548,833 191,442 114,989 103,021 3,304,938 Total $ 1,759,855 $ 598,327 $ 556,328 $ 196,114 $ 118,587 $ 103,690 $ 3,332,901 The following tables present information related to nonaccrual loans at June 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023. June 30, 2024 Unpaid Recorded Allowance for With no related allowance recorded: Commercial real estate $ 3,927 $ 3,363 $ — Commercial and industrial 2,928 — — Residential real estate 18 — — Agricultural real estate 3,511 3,108 — Agricultural 545 545 — Consumer 37 — — Subtotal 10,966 7,016 — With an allowance recorded: Commercial real estate 3,788 3,536 770 Commercial and industrial 10,461 6,436 1,817 Residential real estate 5,249 4,772 1,161 Agricultural real estate 4,678 3,322 619 Agricultural 1,042 672 69 Consumer 877 798 197 Subtotal 26,095 19,536 4,633 Total $ 37,061 $ 26,552 $ 4,633 December 31, 2023 Unpaid Recorded Allowance for With no related allowance recorded: Commercial real estate $ 3,948 $ 3,376 $ — Commercial and industrial 2,925 — — Residential real estate 21 — — Agricultural real estate 1,342 948 — Agricultural 2,303 — — Consumer 23 — — Subtotal 10,562 4,324 — With an allowance recorded: Commercial real estate 2,297 2,071 455 Commercial and industrial 8,452 5,041 1,335 Residential real estate 7,605 7,251 1,086 Agricultural real estate 4,753 3,266 660 Agricultural 2,946 2,470 481 Consumer 689 603 150 Subtotal 26,742 20,702 4,167 Total $ 37,304 $ 25,026 $ 4,167 The tables below present average recorded investment and interest income related to nonaccrual loans for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, and 2023. Interest income recognized in the following table was substantially recognized on the cash basis. The recorded investment in loans excludes accrued interest receivable due to immateriality. As of and for the three months ended June 30, 2024 June 30, 2023 Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized With no related allowance recorded: Commercial real estate $ 3,365 $ — $ 1,833 $ — Commercial and industrial 996 — — 2 Residential real estate — 1 — 1 Agricultural real estate 2,027 — 1,068 — Agricultural 272 5 — — Consumer — 3 — — Subtotal 6,660 9 2,901 3 With an allowance recorded: Commercial real estate 3,101 7 882 — Commercial and industrial 5,594 6 5,027 2 Residential real estate 4,270 10 3,002 4 Agricultural real estate 3,302 1 842 — Agricultural 1,676 1 2,717 — Consumer 785 2 388 — Subtotal 18,728 27 12,858 6 Total $ 25,388 $ 36 $ 15,759 $ 9 As of and for the six months ended June 30, 2024 June 30, 2023 Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized With no related allowance recorded: Commercial real estate $ 3,369 $ — $ 1,845 $ — Commercial and industrial 664 — — 2 Residential real estate — 1 8 1 Agricultural real estate 1,667 — 906 — Agricultural 182 5 — — Consumer — 3 — — Subtotal 5,882 9 2,759 3 With an allowance recorded: Commercial real estate 2,758 9 862 — Commercial and industrial 5,410 6 5,297 2 Residential real estate 5,264 10 3,062 4 Agricultural real estate 3,290 1 1,051 1 Agricultural 1,940 1 2,967 — Consumer 724 2 375 — Subtotal 19,386 29 13,614 7 Total $ 25,268 $ 38 $ 16,373 $ 10 The following tables present the aging of the recorded investment in past due loans as of June 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023, by portfolio and class of loans. June 30, 2024 30 - 59 60 - 89 Greater Nonaccrual Loans Not Total Commercial real estate $ 2,789 $ 1,386 $ 74 $ 6,899 $ 1,782,396 $ 1,793,544 Commercial and industrial 1,225 987 — 6,436 655,070 663,718 Residential real estate 1,426 669 — 4,772 565,656 572,523 Agricultural real estate 1,716 721 — 6,430 210,359 219,226 Agricultural 1,024 296 — 1,217 101,805 104,342 Consumer 537 212 — 798 99,507 101,054 Total $ 8,717 $ 4,271 $ 74 $ 26,552 $ 3,414,793 $ 3,454,407 December 31, 2023 30 - 59 60 - 89 Greater Nonaccrual Loans Not Total Commercial real estate $ 2,397 $ 198 $ 189 $ 5,447 $ 1,751,624 $ 1,759,855 Commercial and industrial 1,853 2,713 71 5,041 588,649 598,327 Residential real estate 1,444 676 — 7,251 546,957 556,328 Agricultural real estate 949 — — 4,214 190,951 196,114 Agricultural 559 65 19 2,470 115,474 118,587 Consumer 443 118 — 603 102,526 103,690 Total $ 7,645 $ 3,770 $ 279 $ 25,026 $ 3,296,181 $ 3,332,901 Credit Quality Indicators The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt, such as current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company analyzes loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk. Consumer loans are considered pass credits unless downgraded due to payment status or reviewed as part of a larger credit relationship. The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings. Pass: Loans classified as pass include all loans that do not fall under one of the three following categories. Special Mention : Loans classified as special mention have a potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of the Company’s credit position at some future date. Substandard : Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful : Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. Based on the analysis performed at June 30, 2024, the risk category of loans by type and year of origination is as follows. June 30, 2024 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Total Commercial real estate Risk rating Pass $ 92,952 $ 217,209 $ 357,362 $ 216,129 $ 170,417 $ 235,221 $ 491,548 $ 896 $ 1,781,734 Special mention — — — 116 — 380 143 — 639 Substandard — 83 2,191 3,800 235 4,342 483 37 11,171 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial real estate $ 92,952 $ 217,292 $ 359,553 $ 220,045 $ 170,652 $ 239,943 $ 492,174 $ 933 $ 1,793,544 Commercial and industrial Risk rating Pass $ 50,622 $ 95,651 $ 90,877 $ 43,813 $ 67,128 $ 32,781 $ 261,926 $ 1,792 $ 644,590 Special mention — — 136 — 807 1,041 1,202 — 3,186 Substandard 1,548 1,350 485 352 2,680 2,175 7,273 — 15,863 Doubtful — — — — — 79 — — 79 Total commercial and industrial $ 52,170 $ 97,001 $ 91,498 $ 44,165 $ 70,615 $ 36,076 $ 270,401 $ 1,792 $ 663,718 Residential real estate Risk rating Pass $ 12,433 $ 35,081 $ 36,426 $ 271,236 $ 8,170 $ 143,137 $ 59,664 $ 726 $ 566,873 Special mention — — — — — 346 72 — 418 Substandard — 154 291 331 20 3,595 780 61 5,232 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total residential real estate $ 12,433 $ 35,235 $ 36,717 $ 271,567 $ 8,190 $ 147,078 $ 60,516 $ 787 $ 572,523 Agricultural real estate Risk rating Pass $ 11,476 $ 20,602 $ 29,089 $ 17,708 $ 20,063 $ 39,164 $ 72,318 $ 287 $ 210,707 Special mention 1,695 — 150 — — — 711 — 2,556 Substandard 43 2,229 16 40 — 3,555 80 — 5,963 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total agricultural real estate $ 13,214 $ 22,831 $ 29,255 $ 17,748 $ 20,063 $ 42,719 $ 73,109 $ 287 $ 219,226 Agricultural Risk rating Pass $ 10,325 $ 5,530 $ 6,180 $ 3,620 $ 7,483 $ 2,996 $ 66,187 $ 74 $ 102,395 Special mention — — 1 — — 33 — — 34 Substandard 34 128 134 445 407 37 728 — 1,913 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total agricultural $ 10,359 $ 5,658 $ 6,315 $ 4,065 $ 7,890 $ 3,066 $ 66,915 $ 74 $ 104,342 Consumer Risk rating Pass $ 31,145 $ 22,235 $ 18,835 $ 7,862 $ 3,619 $ 3,237 $ 13,318 $ — $ 100,251 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — 92 326 266 64 54 1 — 803 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total consumer $ 31,145 $ 22,327 $ 19,161 $ 8,128 $ 3,683 $ 3,291 $ 13,319 $ — $ 101,054 Total loans Risk rating Pass $ 208,953 $ 396,308 $ 538,769 $ 560,368 $ 276,880 $ 456,536 $ 964,961 $ 3,775 $ 3,406,550 Special mention 1,695 — 287 116 807 1,800 2,128 — 6,833 Substandard 1,625 4,036 3,443 5,234 3,406 13,758 9,345 98 40,945 Doubtful — — — — — 79 — — 79 Total loans $ 212,273 $ 400,344 $ 542,499 $ 565,718 $ 281,093 $ 472,173 $ 976,434 $ 3,873 $ 3,454,407 Based on the analysis performed at December 31, 2023, the risk category of loans by type and year of origination is as follows. December 31, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Total Commercial real estate Risk rating Pass $ 212,229 $ 379,233 $ 253,837 $ 179,935 $ 75,472 $ 186,073 $ 461,346 $ 753 $ 1,748,878 Special mention 257 — 119 — — 399 — — 775 Substandard 84 2,501 3,481 256 1,463 2,336 81 — 10,202 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial real estate $ 212,570 $ 381,734 $ 257,437 $ 180,191 $ 76,935 $ 188,808 $ 461,427 $ 753 $ 1,759,855 Commercial and industrial Risk rating Pass $ 128,598 $ 110,817 $ 54,416 $ 49,557 $ 29,931 $ 7,293 $ 204,237 $ 1,780 $ 586,629 Special mention — — 15 — — 992 — — 1,007 Substandard 1,317 468 230 2,922 237 2,171 3,346 — 10,691 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial and industrial $ 129,915 $ 111,285 $ 54,661 $ 52,479 $ 30,168 $ 10,456 $ 207,583 $ 1,780 $ 598,327 Residential real estate Risk rating Pass $ 35,040 $ 29,766 $ 277,611 $ 5,183 $ 12,506 $ 130,144 $ 57,699 $ 1,065 $ 549,014 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — 213 187 22 156 1,960 4,710 66 7,314 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total residential real estate $ 35,040 $ 29,979 $ 277,798 $ 5,205 $ 12,662 $ 132,104 $ 62,409 $ 1,131 $ 556,328 Agricultural real estate Risk rating Pass $ 22,368 $ 26,762 $ 17,987 $ 18,551 $ 10,653 $ 20,039 $ 74,010 $ 289 $ 190,659 Special mention 903 158 — — — 164 605 — 1,830 Substandard 40 — 24 — 101 3,423 37 — 3,625 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total agricultural real estate $ 23,311 $ 26,920 $ 18,011 $ 18,551 $ 10,754 $ 23,626 $ 74,652 $ 289 $ 196,114 Agricultural Risk rating Pass $ 12,424 $ 7,363 $ 4,815 $ 7,148 $ 1,385 $ 3,809 $ 78,285 $ 55 $ 115,284 Special mention — — — — — 33 9 — 42 Substandard 39 10 464 629 1,861 52 206 — 3,261 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total agricultural $ 12,463 $ 7,373 $ 5,279 $ 7,777 $ 3,246 $ 3,894 $ 78,500 $ 55 $ 118,587 Consumer Risk rating Pass $ 47,019 $ 24,620 $ 10,384 $ 4,841 $ 1,281 $ 2,885 $ 12,035 $ 1 $ 103,066 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard 50 241 163 98 49 23 — — 624 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total consumer $ 47,069 $ 24,861 $ 10,547 $ 4,939 $ 1,330 $ 2,908 $ 12,035 $ 1 $ 103,690 Total loans Risk rating Pass $ 457,678 $ 578,561 $ 619,050 $ 265,215 $ 131,228 $ 350,243 $ 887,612 $ 3,943 $ 3,293,530 Special mention 1,160 158 134 — — 1,588 614 — 3,654 Substandard 1,530 3,433 4,549 3,927 3,867 9,965 8,380 66 35,717 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total loans $ 460,368 $ 582,152 $ 623,733 $ 269,142 $ 135,095 $ 361,796 $ 896,606 $ 4,009 $ 3,332,901 The following table discloses the charge-off and recovery activity by loan type and year of origination for the six month period ending June 30, 2024. June 30, 2024 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Total Commercial real estate Gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ ( 17 ) $ — $ — $ — $ ( 2 ) $ — $ ( 19 ) Gross recoveries — — 8 — 1 21 1 — 31 Net charge-offs $ — $ — $ ( 9 ) $ — $ 1 $ 21 $ ( 1 ) $ — $ 12 Commercial and industrial Gross charge-offs $ — $ ( 1 ) $ ( 186 ) $ ( 106 ) $ ( 40 ) $ ( 390 ) $ ( 1,119 ) $ — $ ( 1,842 ) Gross recoveries — — 125 1 20 42 7 1 196 Net charge-offs $ — $ ( 1 ) $ ( 61 ) $ ( 105 ) $ ( 20 ) $ ( 348 ) $ ( 1,112 ) $ 1 $ ( 1,646 ) Residential real estate Gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ ( 2 ) $ — $ ( 21 ) $ ( 10 ) $ — $ ( 33 ) Gross recoveries — — — 1 — 19 — — 20 Net charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ ( 1 ) $ — $ ( 2 ) $ ( 10 ) $ — $ ( 13 ) Agricultural real estate Gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ ( 1 ) $ — $ — $ — $ — $ ( 1 ) Gross recoveries — — — — — 2 — — 2 Net charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ ( 1 ) $ — $ 2 $ — $ — $ 1 Agricultural Gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ ( 25 ) $ ( 2 ) $ — $ — $ — $ — $ ( 27 ) Gross recoveries — — — 1 — — — — 1 Net charge-offs $ — $ — $ ( 25 ) $ ( 1 ) $ — $ — $ — $ — $ ( 26 ) Consumer Gross charge-offs $ ( 69 ) $ ( 61 ) $ ( 42 ) $ ( 53 ) $ ( 15 ) $ ( 73 ) $ ( 27 ) $ — $ ( 340 ) Gross recoveries 3 4 9 21 8 67 6 — 118 Net charge-offs $ ( 66 ) $ ( 57 ) $ ( 33 ) $ ( 32 ) $ ( 7 ) $ ( 6 ) $ ( 21 ) $ — $ ( 222 ) Total loans Gross charge-offs $ ( 69 ) $ ( 62 ) $ ( 270 ) $ ( 164 ) $ ( 55 ) $ ( 484 ) $ ( 1,158 ) $ — $ ( 2,262 ) Gross recoveries 3 4 142 24 29 151 14 1 368 Net charge-offs $ ( 66 ) $ ( 58 ) $ ( 128 ) $ ( 140 ) $ ( 26 ) $ ( 333 ) $ ( 1,144 ) $ 1 $ ( 1,894 ) The following table discloses the charge-off and recovery activity by loan type and year of origination for the six month period ending June 30, 2023. June 30, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Total Commercial real estate Gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ ( 9 ) $ ( 1 ) $ — $ — $ ( 10 ) Gross recoveries — 64 — — — 13 — — 77 Net charge-offs $ — $ 64 $ — $ — $ ( 9 ) $ 12 $ — $ — $ 67 Commercial and industrial Gross charge-offs $ — $ ( 5 ) $ ( 10 ) $ ( 19 ) $ ( 2 ) $ — $ ( 1,039 ) $ — $ ( 1,075 ) Gross recoveries — 29 — 15 — 7 — — 51 Net charge-offs $ — $ 24 $ ( 10 ) $ ( 4 ) $ ( 2 ) $ 7 $ ( 1,039 ) $ — $ ( 1,024 ) Residential real estate Gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ ( 53 ) $ ( 4 ) $ — $ ( 57 ) Gross recoveries — — — — — 58 — — 58 Net charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 5 $ ( 4 ) $ — $ 1 Agricultural real estate Gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Gross recoveries — — — — — 3 — — 3 Net charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 3 $ — $ — $ 3 Agricultural Gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ ( 107 ) $ — $ — $ ( 1 ) $ — $ — $ ( 108 ) Gross recoveries — — — — — 155 — — 155 Net charge-offs $ — $ — $ ( 107 ) $ — $ — $ 154 $ — $ — $ 47 Consumer Gross charge-offs $ ( 61 ) $ ( 108 ) $ ( 71 ) $ ( 28 ) $ ( 39 ) $ ( 118 ) $ ( 31 ) $ — $ ( 456 ) Gross recoveries — 9 37 8 5 60 8 — 127 Net charge-offs $ ( 61 ) $ ( 99 ) $ ( 34 ) $ ( 20 ) $ ( 34 ) $ ( 58 ) $ ( 23 ) $ — $ ( 329 ) Total loans Gross charge-offs $ ( 61 ) $ ( 113 ) $ ( 188 ) $ ( 47 ) $ ( 50 ) $ ( 173 ) $ ( 1,074 ) $ — $ ( 1,706 ) Gross recoveries — 102 37 23 5 296 8 — 471 Net charge-offs $ ( 61 ) $ ( 11 ) $ ( 151 ) $ ( 24 ) $ ( 45 ) $ 123 $ ( 1,066 ) $ — $ ( 1,235 ) Modifications to Debtors Experiencing Financial Difficulty The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans at June 30, 2024, and 2023, that were both experiencing financial difficulty and modified during the three months ended June 30, 2024, and 2023, by class and by type of modification. The percentage of the amortized cost basis of loans that were modified to borrowers in financial distress as compared to the amortized cost basis of each class of financing receivable is also presented below. June 30, 2024 Payment Delay Term Extension Combination Rate Change and Term Extension Combination Payment Delay and Term Extension Total Modifications Total Class of Financing Receivable Commercial real estate $ — $ 200 $ — $ — $ 200 0.01 % Commercial and industrial 3,601 — — — 3,601 0.54 % Residential real estate — — — — — 0.00 % Agricultural real estate — — 109 — 109 0.05 % Agricultural — — — — — 0.00 % Consumer — — — — — 0.00 % Total $ 3,601 $ 200 $ 109 $ — $ 3,910 0.11 % June 30, 2023 Payment Delay Term Extension Combination Rate Change and Term Extension Combination Payment Delay and Term Extension Total Modifications Total Class of Financing Receivable Commercial real estate $ — $ — $ — $ 443 $ 443 0.03 % Commercial and industrial — 1,324 — 3,098 4,422 0.76 % Residential real estate — — — 12 12 0.00 % Agricultural real estate — — — — — 0.00 % Agricultural — — — — — 0.00 % Consumer — — — — — 0.00 % Total $ — $ 1,324 $ — $ 3,553 $ 4,877 0.15 % The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans at June 30, 2024, and 2023, that were both experiencing financial difficulty and modified during the six months ended June 30, 2024, and 2023, by class and by type of modification. June 30, 2024 Payment Delay Term Extension Combination Rate Change, Payment Delay and Term Extension Combination Payment Delay and Term Extension Total Modifications Total Class of Financing Receivable Commercial real estate $ — $ 237 $ — $ — $ 237 0.01 % Commercial and industrial 3,601 — — — 3,601 0.54 % Residential real estate — — — — — 0.00 % Agricultural real estate — 354 109 — 463 0.21 % Agricultural — — — — — 0.00 % Consumer — — — — — 0.00 % Total $ 3,601 $ 591 $ 109 $ — $ 4,301 0.12 % June 30, 2023 Payment Delay Term Extension Combination Rate Change, Payment Delay and Term Extension Combination Payment Delay and Term Extension Total Modifications Total Class of Financing Receivable Commercial real estate $ — $ — $ — $ 443 $ 443 0.03 % Commercial and industrial — 1,566 — 9,079 10,645 1.82 % Residential real estate — — — 12 12 0.00 % Agricultural real estate — 400 — 171 571 0.28 % Agricultural 122 — — 475 597 0.57 % Consumer — — 25 — 25 0.02 % Total $ 122 $ 1,966 $ 25 $ 10,180 $ 12,293 0.37 % At June 30, 202 4, and 2023, there were $ 90 and $ 410 in commitments to lend additional amounts on these loans. The Company considers loans modified to borrowers in financial distress as loans that do not share similar risk characteristics with collectively evaluated loans at modification date for the purposes of calculating the allowance for credit losses. These loans will be evaluated for credit losses based on either discounted cash flows or the fair value of collateral at modification date; however, subsequent to the modification date these loans will be evaluated for credit losses as part of the collectively evaluated pools after a period of ongoing performance under the terms of the modified loan. The Company closely monitors the performance of loans that are modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of its modification efforts. The following table presents the performance of such loans that have been modified during the twelve months ended June 30, 2024, and 2023. June 30, 2024 30 - 59 Days Past Due 60 - 89 Days Past Due Greater Than 89 days Past Due Total Past Due Commercial real estate $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial and industrial — — 211 211 Residential real estate — — — — Agricultural real estate — — — — Agricultural — — — — Consumer — — — — Total $ — $ — $ 211 $ 211 June 30, 2023 30 - 59 Days Past Due 60 - 89 Days Past Due Greater Than 89 days Past Due Total Past Due Commercial real estate $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial and industrial — — — — Residential real estate — — 12 12 Agricultural real estate — — — — Agricultural — — — — Consumer — 25 — 25 Total $ — $ 25 $ 12 $ 37 The following table presents the financial effect of the loan modifications presented above to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty for the three months ended June 30, 2024, and 2023. June 30, 2024 Principal Forgiveness Weighted Average Interest Rate Reduction Weighted Average Term Extension in Years Commercial real estate $ — — % 0.15 Commercial and industrial — — % — Residential real estate — — % — Agricultural real estate — 0.32 % 1.00 Agricultural — — % — Consumer — — % — Total loans $ — 0.32 % 0.45 June 30, 2023 Principal Forgiveness Weighted Average Interest Rate Reduction Weighted Average Term Extension Commercial real estate $ — — % 0.49 Commercial and industrial — — % 3.11 Residential real estate — — % 3.42 Agricultural real estate — — % — Agricultural — — % — Consumer — — % — Total loans $ — — % 2.88 The following table presents the financial effect of the loan modifications presented above to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty for the six months ended June 30, 2024, and 2023. June 30, 2024 Principal Forgiveness Weighted Average Interest Rate Reduction Weighted Average Term Extension in Years Commercial real estate $ — — % 0.23 Commercial and industrial — — % — Residential real estate — — % — Agricultural real estate — 0.32 % 0.85 Agricultural — — % — Consumer — — % — Total loans $ — 0.32 % 0.64 June 30, 2023 Principal Forgiveness Weighted Average Interest Rate Reduction Weighted Average Term Extension Commercial real estate $ — — % 0.49 Commercial and industrial — — % 1.36 Residential real estate — — % 3.42 Agricultural real estate — — % 1.00 Agricultural — — % 0.58 Consumer — ( 0.24 ) % 2.16 Total loans $ — ( 0.24 ) % 1.28 Allowance for Credit Losses on Off-Balance-Sheet Credit Exposures The Company estimates expected credit losses over the contractual period in which the Company is exposed to credit risk from a contractual obligation to extend credit, unless that obligation is unconditionally cancelable by the Company. The allowance for credit losses on off-balance-sheet credit exposures is adjusted as a provision for credit loss expense recognized within other non-interest expense on the consolidated statements of income and included in other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. The estimated credit loss includes consideration of the likelihood that funding will occur and an estimate of expected credit losses on commitments expected to be funded over its estimated life. The estimate of expected credit loss is based on the historical loss rate for the class of loan the commitments would be classified as if funded. The following table lists allowance for credit losses on off-balance-sheet credit exposures as of June 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023. Allowance for June 30, 2024 December 31, 2023 Commercial real estate $ 322 $ 285 Commercial and industrial 1,071 1,053 Agricultural real estate 6 2 Residential real estate 36 35 Agricultural — 3 Consumer 11 247 Total allowance for credit losses $ 1,446 $ 1,625 |