Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses | NOTE 3 – LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES Types of loans and normal collateral securing those loans are listed below. Commercial real estate : Commercial real estate loans include all loans secured by non-farm, nonresidential properties and by multifamily residential properties, as well as 1-4 family investment-purpose real estate loans. Commercial and industrial : Commercial and industrial loans include loans used to purchase fixed assets, provide working capital or meet other financing needs of the business. Loans are normally secured by the assets being purchased or already owned by the borrower, inventory or accounts receivable. These may include SBA and other guaranteed or partially guaranteed types of loans. Residential real estate : Residential real estate loans include loans secured by primary or secondary personal residences. Agricultural real estate : Agricultural real estate loans are loans typically secured by farmland. Agricultural : Agricultural loans are primarily operating lines subject to annual farming revenues including productivity/yield of the agricultural commodities produced. These loans may be secured by growing crops, stored crops, livestock, equipment, and miscellaneous receivables. Consumer : Consumer loans may include installment loans, unsecured and secured personal lines of credit, overdraft protection and letters of credit. These loans are generally secured by consumer assets but may be unsecured. The following table lists categories of loans at September 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023. September 30, 2024 December 31, 2023 Commercial real estate $ 1,916,863 $ 1,759,855 Commercial and industrial 670,665 598,327 Residential real estate 567,063 556,328 Agricultural real estate 259,587 196,114 Agricultural 89,529 118,587 Consumer 97,218 103,690 Total loans 3,600,925 3,332,901 Allowance for credit losses ( 43,490 ) ( 43,520 ) Net loans $ 3,557,435 $ 3,289,381 From time to time, the Company has purchased pools of residential real estate loans originated by other financial institutions to hold for investment with the intent to diversify the residential real estate portfoli o. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, the Company did no t purchase any pools of residential loans. As of September 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023, residential real estate loans include $ 280,919 and $ 299,448 of p urchased residential real estate loans. The Company occasionally purchases the government guaranteed portion of loans originated by other financial institutions to hold for investment. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company purchased $ 25,145 and $ 32,248 in loans guaranteed by governmental agencies. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company purchased $ 0 and $ 1,235 in loans guaranteed by governmental agencies. The unamortized purchase accounting discounts related to non-purchase credit deteriorated loans included in the loan totals abo ve are $ 5,067 with related loans of $ 269,044 at September 30, 2024, a nd $ 2,424 with related loans of $ 209,662 at December 31, 2023. Overdraft deposit accounts are reclassified and included in consumer loans above. These accounts totaled $ 374 at September 30, 2024, and $ 387 at December 31, 2023. The following tables present the activity in the allowance for credit losses by class for the three month periods ended September 30, 2024, and 2023. September 30, 2024 Commercial Commercial Residential Agricultural Agricultural Consumer Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance $ 14,492 $ 16,407 $ 8,066 $ 2,254 $ 522 $ 1,746 $ 43,487 Provision for credit losses 737 247 ( 59 ) ( 40 ) ( 43 ) 341 1,183 Initial PCD on Acquired loans — 9 43 330 22 — 404 Loans charged-off — ( 930 ) ( 352 ) ( 23 ) ( 1 ) ( 474 ) ( 1,780 ) Recoveries 7 76 22 14 22 55 196 Total ending allowance balance $ 15,236 $ 15,809 $ 7,720 $ 2,535 $ 522 $ 1,668 $ 43,490 September 30, 2023 Commercial Commercial Residential Agricultural Agricultural Consumer Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance $ 16,652 $ 15,194 $ 8,855 $ 583 $ 1,289 $ 1,971 $ 44,544 Provision for credit losses ( 2,954 ) 5,163 ( 1,521 ) 620 35 ( 113 ) 1,230 Loans charged-off ( 8 ) ( 1,399 ) — ( 4 ) — ( 242 ) ( 1,653 ) Recoveries 6 2 2 1 — 54 65 Total ending allowance balance $ 13,696 $ 18,960 $ 7,336 $ 1,200 $ 1,324 $ 1,670 $ 44,186 The following tables present the activity in the allowance for credit losses by class for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2024, and 2023. September 30, 2024 Commercial Commercial Residential Agricultural Agricultural Consumer Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance $ 13,476 $ 17,954 $ 7,784 $ 1,718 $ 995 $ 1,593 $ 43,520 Provision for credit losses 1,741 227 53 495 ( 774 ) 706 2,448 Initial PCD on Acquired loans — 128 227 330 306 9 1,000 Loans charged-off ( 19 ) ( 2,772 ) ( 385 ) ( 24 ) ( 28 ) ( 814 ) ( 4,042 ) Recoveries 38 272 41 16 23 174 564 Total ending allowance balance $ 15,236 $ 15,809 $ 7,720 $ 2,535 $ 522 $ 1,668 $ 43,490 September 30, 2023 Commercial Commercial Residential Agricultural Agricultural Consumer Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance $ 16,731 $ 14,951 $ 8,608 $ 819 $ 2,457 $ 2,281 $ 45,847 Provision for credit losses ( 3,100 ) 6,430 ( 1,275 ) 381 ( 1,180 ) ( 94 ) 1,162 Loans charged-off ( 18 ) ( 2,474 ) ( 57 ) ( 4 ) ( 108 ) ( 698 ) ( 3,359 ) Recoveries 83 53 60 4 155 181 536 Total ending allowance balance $ 13,696 $ 18,960 $ 7,336 $ 1,200 $ 1,324 $ 1,670 $ 44,186 The following tables present the recorded investment in loans and the balance in the allowance for credit losses by portfolio and class based on the method to determine allowance for credit loss as of September 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023. September 30, 2024 Commercial Commercial Residential Agricultural Agricultural Consumer Total Allowance for credit losses: Individually evaluated for credit losses $ 1,006 $ 2,373 $ 1,143 $ 815 $ 241 $ 149 $ 5,727 Collectively evaluated for credit losses 14,230 13,436 6,577 1,720 281 1,519 37,763 Total $ 15,236 $ 15,809 $ 7,720 $ 2,535 $ 522 $ 1,668 $ 43,490 Loan Balance: Individually evaluated for credit losses $ 8,956 $ 10,246 $ 4,896 $ 7,106 $ 1,769 $ 618 $ 33,591 Collectively evaluated for credit losses 1,907,907 660,419 562,167 252,481 87,760 96,600 3,567,334 Total $ 1,916,863 $ 670,665 $ 567,063 $ 259,587 $ 89,529 $ 97,218 $ 3,600,925 December 31, 2023 Commercial Commercial Residential Agricultural Agricultural Consumer Total Allowance for credit losses: Individually evaluated for credit losses $ 582 $ 1,644 $ 1,113 $ 674 $ 598 $ 154 $ 4,765 Collectively evaluated for credit losses 12,894 16,310 6,671 1,044 397 1,439 38,755 Total $ 13,476 $ 17,954 $ 7,784 $ 1,718 $ 995 $ 1,593 $ 43,520 Loan Balance: Individually evaluated for credit losses $ 6,031 $ 5,498 $ 7,495 $ 4,672 $ 3,598 $ 669 $ 27,963 Collectively evaluated for credit losses 1,753,824 592,829 548,833 191,442 114,989 103,021 3,304,938 Total $ 1,759,855 $ 598,327 $ 556,328 $ 196,114 $ 118,587 $ 103,690 $ 3,332,901 The following tables present information related to nonaccrual loans at September 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023. September 30, 2024 Unpaid Recorded Allowance for With no related allowance recorded: Commercial real estate $ 5,104 $ 4,533 $ — Commercial and industrial 1 — — Residential real estate 359 — — Agricultural real estate 3,641 3,027 — Agricultural — — — Consumer 35 — — Subtotal 9,140 7,560 — With an allowance recorded: Commercial real estate 4,474 4,248 988 Commercial and industrial 14,039 9,772 2,246 Residential real estate 5,126 4,594 1,126 Agricultural real estate 5,844 3,990 810 Agricultural 892 538 64 Consumer 636 576 143 Subtotal 31,011 23,718 5,377 Total $ 40,151 $ 31,278 $ 5,377 December 31, 2023 Unpaid Recorded Allowance for With no related allowance recorded: Commercial real estate $ 3,948 $ 3,376 $ — Commercial and industrial 2,925 — — Residential real estate 21 — — Agricultural real estate 1,342 948 — Agricultural 2,303 — — Consumer 23 — — Subtotal 10,562 4,324 — With an allowance recorded: Commercial real estate 2,297 2,071 455 Commercial and industrial 8,452 5,041 1,335 Residential real estate 7,605 7,251 1,086 Agricultural real estate 4,753 3,266 660 Agricultural 2,946 2,470 481 Consumer 689 603 150 Subtotal 26,742 20,702 4,167 Total $ 37,304 $ 25,026 $ 4,167 The tables below present average recorded investment and interest income related to nonaccrual loans for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023. Interest income recognized in the following table was substantially recognized on the cash basis. The recorded investment in loans excludes accrued interest receivable due to immateriality. As of and for the three months ended September 30, 2024 September 30, 2023 Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized With no related allowance recorded: Commercial real estate $ 3,948 $ — $ 1,749 $ — Commercial and industrial — — 628 — Residential real estate — — — — Agricultural real estate 3,068 — 1,301 — Agricultural 273 — — — Consumer — — 1 — Subtotal 7,289 — 3,679 — With an allowance recorded: Commercial real estate 3,892 52 1,158 14 Commercial and industrial 8,104 110 4,467 19 Residential real estate 4,683 15 3,020 8 Agricultural real estate 3,656 4 1,822 — Agricultural 605 — 2,548 2 Consumer 687 5 507 11 Subtotal 21,627 186 13,522 54 Total $ 28,916 $ 186 $ 17,201 $ 54 As of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 September 30, 2023 Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized With no related allowance recorded: Commercial real estate $ 3,660 $ 55 $ 1,802 $ — Commercial and industrial 498 — 314 1 Residential real estate — 1 6 1 Agricultural real estate 2,007 122 937 — Agricultural 136 5 — — Consumer — — — — Subtotal 6,301 183 3,059 2 With an allowance recorded: Commercial real estate 3,131 61 1,000 14 Commercial and industrial 6,501 116 5,064 21 Residential real estate 5,096 25 3,077 12 Agricultural real estate 3,465 5 1,621 1 Agricultural 1,590 1 2,872 2 Consumer 687 7 445 11 Subtotal 20,470 215 14,079 61 Total $ 26,771 $ 398 $ 17,138 $ 63 The following tables present the aging of the recorded investment in past due loans as of September 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023, by portfolio and class of loans. September 30, 2024 30 - 59 60 - 89 Greater Nonaccrual Loans Not Total Commercial real estate $ 3,679 $ 622 $ 49 $ 8,781 $ 1,903,732 $ 1,916,863 Commercial and industrial 1,106 360 — 9,772 659,427 670,665 Residential real estate 1,745 599 — 4,594 560,125 567,063 Agricultural real estate 904 390 157 7,017 251,119 259,587 Agricultural 188 96 — 538 88,707 89,529 Consumer 579 238 — 576 95,825 97,218 Total $ 8,201 $ 2,305 $ 206 $ 31,278 $ 3,558,935 $ 3,600,925 December 31, 2023 30 - 59 60 - 89 Greater Nonaccrual Loans Not Total Commercial real estate $ 2,397 $ 198 $ 189 $ 5,447 $ 1,751,624 $ 1,759,855 Commercial and industrial 1,853 2,713 71 5,041 588,649 598,327 Residential real estate 1,444 676 — 7,251 546,957 556,328 Agricultural real estate 949 — — 4,214 190,951 196,114 Agricultural 559 65 19 2,470 115,474 118,587 Consumer 443 118 — 603 102,526 103,690 Total $ 7,645 $ 3,770 $ 279 $ 25,026 $ 3,296,181 $ 3,332,901 Credit Quality Indicators The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt, such as current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company analyzes loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk. Consumer loans are considered pass credits unless downgraded due to payment status or reviewed as part of a larger credit relationship. The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings. Pass: Loans classified as pass include all loans that do not fall under one of the three following categories. Special Mention : Loans classified as special mention have a potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of the Company’s credit position at some future date. Substandard : Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful : Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. Based on the analysis performed at September 30, 2024, the risk category of loans by type and year of origination is as follows. September 30, 2024 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Total Commercial real estate Risk rating Pass $ 292,926 $ 217,178 $ 353,776 $ 177,713 $ 165,943 $ 212,452 $ 482,690 $ 774 $ 1,903,452 Special mention 117 — — — — 380 141 — 638 Substandard 248 461 2,723 3,905 581 4,467 352 36 12,773 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial real estate $ 293,291 $ 217,639 $ 356,499 $ 181,618 $ 166,524 $ 217,299 $ 483,183 $ 810 $ 1,916,863 Commercial and industrial Risk rating Pass $ 90,369 $ 90,257 $ 80,228 $ 40,290 $ 64,923 $ 29,131 $ 255,361 $ 1,760 $ 652,319 Special mention 12 — 135 — — 884 100 — 1,131 Substandard 1,633 1,485 291 340 3,350 1,863 8,175 — 17,137 Doubtful — — — — — 78 — — 78 Total commercial and industrial $ 92,014 $ 91,742 $ 80,654 $ 40,630 $ 68,273 $ 31,956 $ 263,636 $ 1,760 $ 670,665 Residential real estate Risk rating Pass $ 16,826 $ 34,985 $ 36,903 $ 266,444 $ 8,078 $ 136,362 $ 61,172 $ 631 $ 561,401 Special mention — — — — — 305 72 — 377 Substandard — 149 201 355 125 3,582 828 45 5,285 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total residential real estate $ 16,826 $ 35,134 $ 37,104 $ 266,799 $ 8,203 $ 140,249 $ 62,072 $ 676 $ 567,063 Agricultural real estate Risk rating Pass $ 37,491 $ 19,174 $ 29,675 $ 15,011 $ 19,884 $ 38,148 $ 91,335 $ 275 $ 250,993 Special mention 1,683 — 150 — — — 494 — 2,327 Substandard — 2,175 16 266 85 3,486 239 — 6,267 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total agricultural real estate $ 39,174 $ 21,349 $ 29,841 $ 15,277 $ 19,969 $ 41,634 $ 92,068 $ 275 $ 259,587 Agricultural Risk rating Pass $ 11,328 $ 4,755 $ 5,725 $ 3,337 $ 7,426 $ 2,816 $ 52,693 $ 52 $ 88,132 Special mention — — — — — 32 — — 32 Substandard 34 160 2 427 414 155 173 — 1,365 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total agricultural $ 11,362 $ 4,915 $ 5,727 $ 3,764 $ 7,840 $ 3,003 $ 52,866 $ 52 $ 89,529 Consumer Risk rating Pass $ 34,513 $ 19,923 $ 16,266 $ 6,719 $ 3,128 $ 2,934 $ 13,156 $ — $ 96,639 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — 126 214 154 50 35 — — 579 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total consumer $ 34,513 $ 20,049 $ 16,480 $ 6,873 $ 3,178 $ 2,969 $ 13,156 $ — $ 97,218 Total loans Risk rating Pass $ 483,453 $ 386,272 $ 522,573 $ 509,514 $ 269,382 $ 421,843 $ 956,407 $ 3,492 $ 3,552,936 Special mention 1,812 — 285 — — 1,601 807 — 4,505 Substandard 1,915 4,556 3,447 5,447 4,605 13,588 9,767 81 43,406 Doubtful — — — — — 78 — — 78 Total loans $ 487,180 $ 390,828 $ 526,305 $ 514,961 $ 273,987 $ 437,110 $ 966,981 $ 3,573 $ 3,600,925 Based on the analysis performed at December 31, 2023, the risk category of loans by type and year of origination is as follows. December 31, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Total Commercial real estate Risk rating Pass $ 212,229 $ 379,233 $ 253,837 $ 179,935 $ 75,472 $ 186,073 $ 461,346 $ 753 $ 1,748,878 Special mention 257 — 119 — — 399 — — 775 Substandard 84 2,501 3,481 256 1,463 2,336 81 — 10,202 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial real estate $ 212,570 $ 381,734 $ 257,437 $ 180,191 $ 76,935 $ 188,808 $ 461,427 $ 753 $ 1,759,855 Commercial and industrial Risk rating Pass $ 128,598 $ 110,817 $ 54,416 $ 49,557 $ 29,931 $ 7,293 $ 204,237 $ 1,780 $ 586,629 Special mention — — 15 — — 992 — — 1,007 Substandard 1,317 468 230 2,922 237 2,171 3,346 — 10,691 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total commercial and industrial $ 129,915 $ 111,285 $ 54,661 $ 52,479 $ 30,168 $ 10,456 $ 207,583 $ 1,780 $ 598,327 Residential real estate Risk rating Pass $ 35,040 $ 29,766 $ 277,611 $ 5,183 $ 12,506 $ 130,144 $ 57,699 $ 1,065 $ 549,014 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard — 213 187 22 156 1,960 4,710 66 7,314 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total residential real estate $ 35,040 $ 29,979 $ 277,798 $ 5,205 $ 12,662 $ 132,104 $ 62,409 $ 1,131 $ 556,328 Agricultural real estate Risk rating Pass $ 22,368 $ 26,762 $ 17,987 $ 18,551 $ 10,653 $ 20,039 $ 74,010 $ 289 $ 190,659 Special mention 903 158 — — — 164 605 — 1,830 Substandard 40 — 24 — 101 3,423 37 — 3,625 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total agricultural real estate $ 23,311 $ 26,920 $ 18,011 $ 18,551 $ 10,754 $ 23,626 $ 74,652 $ 289 $ 196,114 Agricultural Risk rating Pass $ 12,424 $ 7,363 $ 4,815 $ 7,148 $ 1,385 $ 3,809 $ 78,285 $ 55 $ 115,284 Special mention — — — — — 33 9 — 42 Substandard 39 10 464 629 1,861 52 206 — 3,261 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total agricultural $ 12,463 $ 7,373 $ 5,279 $ 7,777 $ 3,246 $ 3,894 $ 78,500 $ 55 $ 118,587 Consumer Risk rating Pass $ 47,019 $ 24,620 $ 10,384 $ 4,841 $ 1,281 $ 2,885 $ 12,035 $ 1 $ 103,066 Special mention — — — — — — — — — Substandard 50 241 163 98 49 23 — — 624 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total consumer $ 47,069 $ 24,861 $ 10,547 $ 4,939 $ 1,330 $ 2,908 $ 12,035 $ 1 $ 103,690 Total loans Risk rating Pass $ 457,678 $ 578,561 $ 619,050 $ 265,215 $ 131,228 $ 350,243 $ 887,612 $ 3,943 $ 3,293,530 Special mention 1,160 158 134 — — 1,588 614 — 3,654 Substandard 1,530 3,433 4,549 3,927 3,867 9,965 8,380 66 35,717 Doubtful — — — — — — — — — Total loans $ 460,368 $ 582,152 $ 623,733 $ 269,142 $ 135,095 $ 361,796 $ 896,606 $ 4,009 $ 3,332,901 The following table discloses the charge-off and recovery activity by loan type and year of origination for the nine month period ending September 30, 2024. September 30, 2024 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Total Commercial real estate Gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ ( 17 ) $ — $ — $ — $ ( 2 ) $ — $ ( 19 ) Gross recoveries — — 8 — 1 28 1 — 38 Net charge-offs $ — $ — $ ( 9 ) $ — $ 1 $ 28 $ ( 1 ) $ — $ 19 Commercial and industrial Gross charge-offs $ — $ ( 31 ) $ ( 360 ) $ ( 124 ) $ ( 194 ) $ ( 770 ) $ ( 1,293 ) $ — $ ( 2,772 ) Gross recoveries — — 125 13 20 56 57 1 272 Net charge-offs $ — $ ( 31 ) $ ( 235 ) $ ( 111 ) $ ( 174 ) $ ( 714 ) $ ( 1,236 ) $ 1 $ ( 2,500 ) Residential real estate Gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ ( 337 ) $ ( 2 ) $ — $ ( 21 ) $ ( 25 ) $ — $ ( 385 ) Gross recoveries — — — 1 — 36 4 — 41 Net charge-offs $ — $ — $ ( 337 ) $ ( 1 ) $ — $ 15 $ ( 21 ) $ — $ ( 344 ) Agricultural real estate Gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ ( 11 ) $ ( 12 ) $ ( 1 ) $ — $ — $ — $ ( 24 ) Gross recoveries 4 — 10 — — 2 — — 16 Net charge-offs $ 4 $ — $ ( 1 ) $ ( 12 ) $ ( 1 ) $ 2 $ — $ — $ ( 8 ) Agricultural Gross charge-offs $ — $ ( 2 ) $ ( 25 ) $ ( 1 ) $ — $ — $ — $ — $ ( 28 ) Gross recoveries — — 22 1 — — — — 23 Net charge-offs $ — $ ( 2 ) $ ( 3 ) $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ ( 5 ) Consumer Gross charge-offs $ ( 133 ) $ ( 82 ) $ ( 207 ) $ ( 158 ) $ ( 42 ) $ ( 145 ) $ ( 47 ) $ — $ ( 814 ) Gross recoveries 4 7 19 42 8 83 11 — 174 Net charge-offs $ ( 129 ) $ ( 75 ) $ ( 188 ) $ ( 116 ) $ ( 34 ) $ ( 62 ) $ ( 36 ) $ — $ ( 640 ) Total loans Gross charge-offs $ ( 133 ) $ ( 115 ) $ ( 957 ) $ ( 297 ) $ ( 237 ) $ ( 936 ) $ ( 1,367 ) $ — $ ( 4,042 ) Gross recoveries 8 7 184 57 29 205 73 1 564 Net charge-offs $ ( 125 ) $ ( 108 ) $ ( 773 ) $ ( 240 ) $ ( 208 ) $ ( 731 ) $ ( 1,294 ) $ 1 $ ( 3,478 ) The following table discloses the charge-off and recovery activity by loan type and year of origination for the nine month period ending September 30, 2023. September 30, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Total Commercial real estate Gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ ( 9 ) $ ( 9 ) $ — $ — $ ( 18 ) Gross recoveries — 64 — — — 19 — — 83 Net charge-offs $ — $ 64 $ — $ — $ ( 9 ) $ 10 $ — $ — $ 65 Commercial and industrial Gross charge-offs $ — $ ( 69 ) $ ( 10 ) $ ( 19 ) $ ( 2 ) $ ( 1,158 ) $ ( 1,216 ) $ — $ ( 2,474 ) Gross recoveries — 29 — 15 — 9 — — 53 Net charge-offs $ — $ ( 40 ) $ ( 10 ) $ ( 4 ) $ ( 2 ) $ ( 1,149 ) $ ( 1,216 ) $ — $ ( 2,421 ) Residential real estate Gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ ( 52 ) $ ( 5 ) $ — $ ( 57 ) Gross recoveries — — — — — 60 — — 60 Net charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 8 $ ( 5 ) $ — $ 3 Agricultural real estate Gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ ( 4 ) $ — $ — $ ( 4 ) Gross recoveries — — — — — 4 — — 4 Net charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Agricultural Gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ ( 107 ) $ — $ — $ ( 1 ) $ — $ — $ ( 108 ) Gross recoveries — — — — — 155 — — 155 Net charge-offs $ — $ — $ ( 107 ) $ — $ — $ 154 $ — $ — $ 47 Consumer Gross charge-offs $ ( 168 ) $ ( 129 ) $ ( 84 ) $ ( 48 ) $ ( 46 ) $ ( 164 ) $ ( 59 ) $ — $ ( 698 ) Gross recoveries 1 15 41 10 9 94 11 — 181 Net charge-offs $ ( 167 ) $ ( 114 ) $ ( 43 ) $ ( 38 ) $ ( 37 ) $ ( 70 ) $ ( 48 ) $ — $ ( 517 ) Total loans Gross charge-offs $ ( 168 ) $ ( 198 ) $ ( 201 ) $ ( 67 ) $ ( 57 ) $ ( 1,388 ) $ ( 1,280 ) $ — $ ( 3,359 ) Gross recoveries 1 108 41 25 9 341 11 — 536 Net charge-offs $ ( 167 ) $ ( 90 ) $ ( 160 ) $ ( 42 ) $ ( 48 ) $ ( 1,047 ) $ ( 1,269 ) $ — $ ( 2,823 ) Modifications to Debtors Experiencing Financial Difficulty The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans at September 30, 2024, and 2023, that were both experiencing financial difficulty and modified during the three months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, by class and by type of modification. The percentage of the amortized cost basis of loans that were modified to borrowers in financial distress as compared to the amortized cost basis of each class of financing receivable is also presented below. September 30, 2024 Payment Delay Term Extension Combination Rate Change, Payment Delay and Term Extension Combination Payment Delay and Term Extension Total Modifications Total Class of Financing Receivable Commercial real estate $ 30 $ 443 $ — $ 9,635 $ 10,108 0.53 % Commercial and industrial — — — — — 0.00 % Residential real estate — — — — — 0.00 % Agricultural real estate — 1,070 — 858 1,928 0.74 % Agricultural — 1,175 — 720 1,895 2.12 % Consumer — — — — — 0.00 % Total $ 30 $ 2,688 $ — $ 11,213 $ 13,931 0.39 % September 30, 2023 Payment Delay Term Extension Combination Rate Change, Payment Delay and Term Extension Combination Payment Delay and Term Extension Total Modifications Total Class of Financing Receivable Commercial real estate $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — 0.00 % Commercial and industrial — — — 4,896 4,896 0.84 % Residential real estate — — — — — 0.00 % Agricultural real estate — 458 — — 458 0.22 % Agricultural — — — — — 0.00 % Consumer — — — — — 0.00 % Total $ — $ 458 $ — $ 4,896 $ 5,354 0.16 % The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans at September 30, 2024, and 2023, that were both experiencing financial difficulty and modified during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, by class and by type of modification. September 30, 2024 Payment Delay Term Extension Combination Rate Change, Payment Delay and Term Extension Combination Payment Delay and Term Extension Total Modifications Total Class of Financing Receivable Commercial real estate $ — $ 947 $ — $ 10,229 $ 11,176 0.58 % Commercial and industrial 3,631 2,059 — — 5,690 0.85 % Residential real estate — — — — — 0.00 % Agricultural real estate — 1,454 — 858 2,312 0.89 % Agricultural — 1,175 — 720 1,895 2.12 % Consumer — — — — — 0.00 % Total $ 3,631 $ 5,635 $ — $ 11,807 $ 21,073 0.59 % September 30, 2023 Payment Delay Term Extension Combination Rate Change, Payment Delay and Term Extension Combination Payment Delay and Term Extension Total Modifications Total Class of Financing Receivable Commercial real estate $ — $ — $ — $ 355 $ 355 0.02 % Commercial and industrial — 1,491 — 10,884 12,375 2.11 % Residential real estate — 163 — 12 175 0.03 % Agricultural real estate — 858 — 170 1,028 0.50 % Agricultural 122 — — 421 543 0.53 % Consumer — — 24 — 24 0.02 % Total $ 122 $ 2,512 $ 24 $ 11,842 $ 14,500 0.44 % At September 30, 202 4, and 2023, there were $ 1,813 and $ 796 in commitments to lend additional amounts on these loans. At modification date, the Company considers loans modified to borrowers in financial distress as loans that do not share similar risk characteristics with collectively evaluated loans at modification date for the purposes of calculating the allowance for credit losses. These loans will be evaluated for credit losses based on either discounted cash flows or the fair value of collateral at modification date; however, subsequent to the modification date these loans will be evaluated for credit losses as part of the collectively evaluated pools after a period of ongoing performance under the terms of the modified loan. The Company closely monitors the performance of loans that are modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of its modification efforts. The following table presents the performance of such loans that have been modified during the twelve months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023. September 30, 2024 30 - 59 Days Past Due 60 - 89 Days Past Due Greater Than 89 days Past Due Total Past Due Commercial real estate $ 36 $ 643 $ — $ 679 Commercial and industrial — — 145 145 Residential real estate — — — — Agricultural real estate — — — — Agricultural — — — — Consumer — — — — Total $ 36 $ 643 $ 145 $ 824 September 30, 2023 30 - 59 Days Past Due 60 - 89 Days Past Due Greater Than 89 days Past Due Total Past Due Commercial real estate $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial and industrial — — — — Residential real estate 163 12 — 175 Agricultural real estate — — — — Agricultural — — — — Consumer 24 — — 24 Total $ 187 $ 12 $ — $ 199 The following table presents the financial effect of the loan modifications presented above to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty for the three months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023. September 30, 2024 Principal Forgiveness Weighted Average Interest Rate Reduction Weighted Average Term Extension in Years Commercial real estate $ — — % 0.31 Commercial and industrial — — % — Residential real estate — — % — Agricultural real estate — — % 6.18 Agricultural — — % 0.27 Consumer — — % — Total loans $ — — % 0.77 September 30, 2023 Principal Forgiveness Weighted Average Interest Rate Reduction Weighted Average Term Extension Commercial real estate $ — — % — Commercial and industrial 1,142 — % 0.13 Residential real estate — — % — Agricultural real estate — — % 1.00 Agricultural — — % — Consumer — — % — Total loans $ 1,142 — % 0.20 The following table presents the financial effect of the loan modifications presented above to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023. September 30, 2024 Principal Forgiveness Weighted Average Interest Rate Reduction Weighted Average Term Extension in Years Commercial real estate $ — — % 0.31 Commercial and industrial — — % 0.84 Residential real estate — — % — Agricultural real estate — — % 5.29 Agricultural — — % 0.27 Consumer — — % — Total loans $ — — % 0.75 September 30, 2023 Principal Forgiveness Weighted Average Interest Rate Reduction Weighted Average Term Extension Commercial real estate $ — — % 0.49 Commercial and industrial 1,142 — % 1.13 Residential real estate — — % 9.60 Agricultural real estate — — % 0.99 Agricultural — — % 0.58 Consumer — — % 2.16 Total loans $ 1,142 — % 1.19 Allowance for Credit Losses on Off-Balance-Sheet Credit Exposures The Company estimates expected credit losses over the contractual period in which the Company is exposed to credit risk from a contractual obligation to extend credit, unless that obligation is unconditionally cancelable by the Company. The allowance for credit losses on off-balance-sheet credit exposures is adjusted as a provision for credit loss expense recognized within other non-interest expense on the consolidated statements of income and included in other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. The estimated credit loss includes consideration of the likelihood that funding will occur and an estimate of expected credit losses on commitments expected to be funded over its estimated life. The estimate of expected credit loss is based on the historical loss rate for the class of loan the commitments would be classified as if funded. The following table lists allowance for credit losses on off-balance-sheet credit exposures as of September 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023. Allowance for September 30, 2024 December 31, 2023 Commercial real estate $ 271 $ 285 Commercial and industrial 1,204 1,053 Agricultural real estate 1 2 Residential real estate 65 35 Agricultural 4 3 Consumer 11 247 Total allowance for credit losses $ 1,556 $ 1,625 |