Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses | Note 5 - Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses The following table presents the recorded investment in loans receivable at December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 by segment and class: December 31, 2021 December 31, 2020 (In Thousands)Loans: Residential one-to-four family$ 224,534 $ 244,369Commercial and multi-family 1,720,174 1,690,836Construction 153,904 155,967Commercial business(1) 191,139 184,357Home equity(2) 50,469 53,667Consumer 3,717 822Total Loans 2,343,937 2,330,018Less: Deferred loan fees, net (1,876) (1,358)Allowance for loan losses (37,119) (33,639) (38,995) (34,997)Total Loans, net$ 2,304,942 $ 2,295,021__________(1) Includes business lines of credit.(2) Includes home equity lines of credit. The Company occasionally transfers a portion of its originated commercial loans to participating lending partners. The amounts transferred have been accounted for as sales and are therefore not included in the Company’s accompanying consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. The Company and its lending partners share proportionally in any gains or losses that may result from a borrower’s lack of compliance with contractual terms of the loan. The Company continues to service the loans, collects cash payments from the borrowers, remits payments (net of servicing fees), and disburses required escrow funds to relevant parties. Note 5 - Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses (continued) At December 31, 2021 and 2020, loans serviced by the Bank for the benefit of others totaled approximately $196.3 million and $242.6 million, respectively. Acquired Loans The difference between the undiscounted cash flows expected at acquisition and the investment in the acquired loans, or the “accretable yield,” is recognized as interest income utilizing the level-yield method over the life of each loan. Contractually required payments for interest and principal that exceed the undiscounted cash flows expected at acquisition, or the “non- accretable difference,” are not recognized as a yield adjustment, as a loss accrual or as a valuation allowance. The carrying value of loans acquired in the IAB acquisition and accounted for in accordance with ASC Subtopic 310-30, Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality, was $1.0 million at December 31, 2021 and $1.4 million at December 31, 2020. Under ASC Subtopic 310-30, these PCI loans may be aggregated and accounted for as pools of loans if the loans being aggregated have common risk characteristics. The Company elected to account for the loans with evidence of credit deterioration individually rather than aggregate them into pools. Increases in expected cash flows subsequent to the acquisition are recognized prospectively through an adjustment of the yield on the loans over the remaining life, while decreases in expected cash flows are recognized as impairments through a loss provision and an increase in the allowance for loan losses. Valuation allowances (recognized in the allowance for loan losses) on these impaired loans reflect only losses incurred after the acquisition (representing all cash flows that were expected at acquisition but currently are not expected to be received). The following table presents the unpaid principal balance and the related recorded investment of all acquired loans included in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. December 31, 2021 2020 (In Thousands)Unpaid principal balance$ 140,969 $ 179,601 Recorded investment 122,533 152,556 The following table presents changes in the accretable discount on loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality for which the Company applies the provisions of ASC 310-30. Years Ended December 31, 2021 2020 (In Thousands)Balance, Beginning of Period$ 1,078 $ 1,681 Accretion recorded to interest income (293) (603)Balance, End of Period$ 785 $ 1,078 There were no transfers from non-accretable differences for the periods stated above. Related-Party Loans The Bank grants loans to its officers and directors and to their associates. The activity with respect to loans to directors, officers and associates of such persons, is as follows: Years Ended December 31, 2021 2020 (In Thousands)Balance – beginning$ 29,159 $ 33,771 Loans originated 14,875 -Collections of principal (12,338) (4,612)Balance - ending$ 31,696 $29,159 Note 5 - Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses (continued) Allowance for Loan Losses The allowance for loan loss is evaluated regularly by management and reflects consideration of all significant factors that affect the collectability of the loan portfolio. The Company’s methodology for assessing the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses consists of several key elements. These elements include a general allocated reserve for performing loans, a specific reserve for impaired loans and an unallocated portion. The Company consistently applies the following comprehensive methodology. During the quarterly review of the allowance for loan losses, the Company considers a variety of qualitative factors that include: Lending Policies and Procedures;Personnel responsible for the particular portfolio - relative to experience and ability of staff;Trend for past due, criticized and classified loans;Relevant economic factors;Quality of the loan review system;Value of collateral for collateral dependent loans;The effect of any concentrations of credit and the changes in the level of such concentrations; andOther external factors. The methodology includes the segregation of the loan portfolio into two divisions: performing loans and loans determined to be impaired. Loans which are performing are evaluated homogeneously by loan class or loan type. The allowance for performing loans is evaluated based on historical loan loss experience with an adjustment for the qualitative factors listed above. Impaired loans can be loans which are more than 90 days delinquent, troubled debt restructured, in the process of foreclosure, or a forced bankruptcy plan. These loans are individually evaluated for loan loss either by current appraisal, or net present value of expected cash flows. Management reviews the overall estimate for feasibility and bases the loan loss provision accordingly. During 2021 and 2020, additional stress tests were performed to model a potential collateral deficiency on those loans that are in sectors that have demonstrated a weakness in the current COVID environment. These stress tests supported an additional allowance by estimating probable losses for loans in sectors that are specifically challenged in the pandemic condition. The Bank also maintains an unallocated allowance to cover uncertainties that could affect management’s estimate of probable losses. The unallocated component of the allowance reflects the margin of imprecision inherent in the underlying assumptions used in the methodologies for estimating allocated and general reserves in the portfolio. Management must make estimates using assumptions and information that is often subjective and subject to change. The loan portfolio is segmented into the following loan segments, where the risk level for each class is analyzed when determining the allowance for loan losses: Residential one-to-four family real estate loans involve certain risks such as interest rate risk and risk of non-repayment. Adjustable-rate residential real estate loans decrease the interest rate risk to the Bank that is associated with changes in interest rates but involve other risks, primarily because as interest rates rise, the payment by the borrower rises to the extent permitted by the terms of the loan, thereby increasing the potential for default. At the same time, the marketability of the underlying properties may be adversely affected by higher interest rates. Repayment risk may be affected by a number of factors including, but not necessarily limited to, job loss, divorce, illness and personal bankruptcy of the borrower. Commercial and multi-family real estate lending entails additional risks as compared with residential family property lending. Such loans typically involve large loan balances to single borrowers or groups of related borrowers. The payment experience on such loans is typically dependent on the successful operation of the real estate project. The success of such projects is sensitive to changes in supply and demand conditions in the market for commercial real estate as well as economic conditions generally. Construction lending is generally considered to involve a high risk due to the concentration of principal in a limited number of loans and borrowers and the effects of the general economic conditions on developers and builders. Moreover, a construction loan can involve additional risks because of the inherent difficulty in estimating both a property’s value at completion of the project and the estimated cost (including interest) of the project. The nature of these loans is such that they are generally difficult to evaluate and monitor. In addition, speculative construction loans to a builder are not necessarily pre-sold and thus pose a greater potential risk to the Bank than construction loans to individuals on their personal residence. Commercial business lending, including lines of credit, is generally considered higher risk due to the concentration of principal in a limited number of loans and borrowers and the effects of general economic conditions on the business. Commercial business loans are primarily secured by inventories and other business assets. In many cases, any repossessed collateral for a defaulted commercial business loans will not provide an adequate source of repayment of the outstanding loan balance. Home equity lending entails certain risks such as interest rate risk and risk of non-repayment. The marketability of the underlying property may be adversely affected by higher interest rates, decreasing the collateral value securing the loan. Repayment risk can be affected by job loss, divorce, illness and personal bankruptcy of the borrower. Home equity line of credit lending entails securing an equity interest in the borrower’s home. In many cases, the Bank’s position in these loans is as a junior lien holder to another institution’s superior lien. This type of lending is often priced on an adjustable rate basis with the rate set at or above a predefined index. Adjustable-rate loans decrease the interest rate risk to the Bank that is associated with changes in interest rates but involve other risks, primarily because as interest rates rise, the payment by the borrower rises to the extent permitted by the terms of the loan, thereby increasing the potential for default. Other consumer loans generally have more credit risk because of the type and nature of the collateral and, in certain cases, the absence of collateral. Consumer loans generally have shorter terms and higher interest rates than other lending. In addition, consumer lending collections are dependent on the borrower’s continuing financial stability, and thus are more likely to be adversely affected by job loss, divorce, illness and personal bankruptcy. In many cases, any repossessed collateral for a defaulted consumer loan will not provide an adequate source of repayment of the outstanding loan. Note 5- Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses (continued) The following tables set forth the activity in the Bank’s allowance for loan losses and recorded investment in loans receivable at December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. The table also details the amount of total loans receivable, that are evaluated individually, and collectively, for impairment, and the related portion of the allowance for loan losses that is allocated to each loan class (In Thousands): Residential Commercial & Multi-family Construction Commercial Business (1) Home Equity (2) Consumer Unallocated TotalAllowance for credit losses: Beginning Balance, December 31, 2020$ 3,293 $ 21,772 $ 1,977 $ 6,306 $ 286 $ - $ 5 $ 33,639 Charge-offs: (69) - - (205) - (198) - (472)Recoveries: 27 - - 3 67 - - 97 Provisions: 843 293 254 1,896 180 212 177 3,855 Ending Balance, December 31, 2021$ 4,094 $ 22,065 $ 2,231 $ 8,000 $ 533 $ 14 $ 182 $ 37,119 Ending Balance attributable to loans: Individually evaluated for impairment$ 265 $ 1,690 $ 210 $ 5,650 $ 13 $ - $ - $ 7,828 Collectively evaluated for impairment 3,829 20,375 2,021 2,350 520 14 182 29,291 Ending Balance, December 31, 2021$ 4,094 $ 22,065 $ 2,231 $ 8,000 $ 533 $ 14 $ 182 $ 37,119 Loans Receivables: Individually evaluated for impairment$ 4,961 $ 31,745 $ 2,847 $ 8,746 $ 1,083 $ - $ - $ 49,382 Collectively evaluated for impairment 219,573 1,688,429 151,057 182,393 49,386 3,717 - 2,294,555 Total Gross Loans$ 224,534 $ 1,720,174 $ 153,904 $ 191,139 $ 50,469 $ 3,717 $ - $ 2,343,937 __________(1) Includes business lines of credit.(2) Includes home equity lines of credit. Residential Commercial & Multi-family Construction Commercial Business (1) Home Equity (2) Consumer Unallocated TotalAllowance for credit losses: Beginning Balance, December 31, 2019$ 2,722 $ 15,372 $ 1,244 $ 3,790 $ 333 $ - $ 273 $ 23,734 Charge-offs: (4) - - - (38) - - (42)Recoveries: - - - 492 10 4 - 506 Provisions: 575 6,400 733 2,024 (19) (4) (268) 9,441 Ending Balance, December 31, 2020$ 3,293 $ 21,772 $ 1,977 $ 6,306 $ 286 $ - $ 5 $ 33,639 Ending Balance attributable to loans: Individually evaluated for impairment$ 416 $ 378 $ - $ 3,640 $ 27 $ - $ - $ 4,461 Collectively evaluated for impairment 2,877 21,394 1,977 2,666 259 - 5 29,178 Ending Balance, December 31, 2020$ 3,293 $ 21,772 $ 1,977 $ 6,306 $ 286 $ - $ 5 $ 33,639 Loans Receivables: Individually evaluated for impairment$ 7,281 $ 61,854 $ - $ 12,492 $ 1,574 $ - $ - $ 83,201 Collectively evaluated for impairment 237,088 1,628,982 155,967 171,865 52,093 822 - 2,246,817 Total Gross Loans$ 244,369 $ 1,690,836 $ 155,967 $ 184,357 $ 53,667 $ 822 $ - $ 2,330,018 __________(1) Includes business lines of credit.(2) Includes home equity lines of credit. Note 5- Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses (continued) The table below sets forth the amounts and types of non-accrual loans in the Bank’s loan portfolio at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Loans are generally placed on non-accrual status when they become more than 90 days delinquent, or when the collection of principal and/or interest become doubtful. As of December 31, 2021, non-accrual loans differed from the amount of total loans past due greater than 90 days due to troubled debt restructuring of loans, loans 90 days past due but still accruing interest, or loans that were previously 90 days past due both of which are maintained on non-accrual status for a minimum of six months until the borrower has demonstrated their ability to satisfy the terms of the loan. As ofDecember 31, 2021 As ofDecember 31, 2020 (In Thousands) (In Thousands)Non-Accruing Loans: Residential one-to-four family$ 282 $ 1,736 Commercial and multi-family 8,601 8,721 Construction 2,847 -Commercial business(1) 3,132 5,383 Home equity(2) 27 556 Total$ 14,889 $ 16,396 __________(1) Includes business lines of credit.(2) Includes home equity lines of credit. Had non-accrual loans been performing in accordance with their original terms, the interest income recognized for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 would have been approximately $1.3 million and $1.5 million, respectively. Interest income recognized on loans returned to accrual was approximately $1.2 million and $710,000, respectively. The Bank is not committed to lend additional funds to the borrowers whose loans have been placed on a nonaccrual status. At December 31, 2021 and 2020, there were $3.1 million and $333,000, respectively, of loans which were more than ninety days past due and still accruing interest. Nonaccrual loans in the preceding table do not include loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality of $668,000 at December 31, 2021, and $1.1 million at December 31, 2020, which were recorded at their fair value at acquisition. The following table summarizes the recorded investment and unpaid principal balances of impaired loans for the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. (In Thousands): As of December 31, 2021 As of December 31, 2020 Recorded Unpaid Principal Related Recorded Unpaid Principal Related Investment Balance Allowance Investment Balance AllowanceLoans with no related allowance: Residential one-to-four family$ 2,950 $ 3,300 $ - $ 4,084 $ 4,660 $ -Commercial and multi-family 20,915 22,100 - 57,558 58,739 -Commercial business(1) 2,114 6,905 - 5,844 17,687 -Home equity(2) 779 780 - 1,124 1,126 -Total Impaired Loans with no related allowance recorded:$ 26,758 $ 33,085 $ - $ 68,610 $ 82,212 $ - Loans with an allowance recorded: Residential one-to-four family$ 2,011 $ 2,032 $ 265 $ 3,197 $ 3,252 $ 416Commercial and Multi-family 10,830 14,494 1,690 4,296 4,501 378Construction 2,847 2,847 210 - - -Commercial business(1) 6,632 17,514 5,650 6,648 12,511 3,640Home equity(2) 304 304 13 450 458 27Total Impaired Loans with an allowance recorded:$ 22,624 $ 37,191 $ 7,828 $ 14,591 $ 20,722 $ 4,461 Total Impaired Loans:$ 49,382 $ 70,276 $ 7,828 $ 83,201 $ 102,934 $ 4,461 (1) Includes business lines of credit.(2) Includes home equity lines of credit. Note 5- Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses (continued) The following table summarizes the average recorded investment and actual interest income recognized on impaired loans for the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (In Thousands). Years Ended December 31, 2021 2021 2020 2020 Average Interest Average Interest Recorded Income Recorded Income Investment Recognized Investment RecognizedLoans with no related allowance recorded: Residential one-to-four family$ 2,968 $ 145 $ 4,511 $ 159 Commercial and multi-family 28,189 1,073 21,871 760 Construction 697 36 - -Commercial business(1) 2,886 182 4,117 313 Home equity(2) 981 44 1,100 34 Total Impaired Loans with no allowance recorded:$ 35,721 $ 1,480 $ 31,599 $ 1,266 Loans with an allowance recorded: Residential one-to-four family$ 2,230 $ 231 $ 3,585 $ 83 Commercial and Multi-family 11,111 380 1,993 76 Construction 2,105 9 - -Commercial business(1) 7,949 164 3,477 258 Home equity(2) 352 2 442 12 Total Impaired Loans with an allowance recorded:$ 23,747 $ 786 $ 9,497 $ 429 Total Impaired Loans:$ 59,468 $ 2,266 $ 41,096 $ 1,695 __________(1) Includes business lines of credit.(2) Includes home equity lines of credit. A troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”) is a loan that has been modified whereby the Company has agreed to make certain concessions to a borrower to meet the needs of both the borrower and the Company to maximize the ultimate recovery of a loan. A TDR occurs when a borrower is experiencing, or is expected to experience, financial difficulties and the loan is modified using a concession that would otherwise not be granted to the borrower. Pursuant to the CARES Act, a loan that was current at December 31, 2019 and modified due to the COVID-19 pandemic is not considered a TDR. The types of concessions granted generally include, but are not limited to, interest rate reductions, limitations on the accrued interest charged, term extensions, and deferment of principal. All TDRs were considered impaired and therefore were individually evaluated for impairment in the calculation of the allowance for loan losses. Prior to their classification as TDRs, certain of these loans had been collectively evaluated for impairment in the calculation of the allowance for loan losses. At December 31, 2021 At December 31, 2020 (In thousands)Recorded investment in TDRs: Accrual status $ 12,402 $ 13,760Non-accrual status 3,570 2,303 Total recorded investment in TDRs $ 15,972 $ 16,063 The following tables summarize information with regard to troubled debt restructurings which occurred during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 (Dollars in Thousands). Year Ended December 31, 2021 Pre-ModificationOutstanding Post-ModificationOutstanding Number of Contracts Recorded Investments Recorded InvestmentsCommercial and multi-family 2 3,261 3,169 Commercial business 2 130 120 Home equity 1 96 95 Total 5 $ 3,487 $ 3,384 Pre-Modification Outstanding Post-Modification Outstanding Year Ended December 31, 2020 Number ofContracts Recorded Investments Recorded InvestmentsResidential one-to-four family 3 615 580 Commercial business(1) 3 428 387 Home equity(2) 3 162 161 Total 9 $ 1,205 $ 1,128 Troubled debt restructurings for which there was a payment default within twelve months of restructuring totaled $0 in 2021 and $216,000 for one contract during the year ended December 31, 2020. Note 5 - Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses (continued) The loans included above are considered TDRs as a result of the Company implementing the following concessions: adjusting the interest rate to a below market rate and/or accepting interest only for a period of time or a change in amortization period. The following table sets forth the delinquency status of total loans receivable at December 31, 2021: Loans Receivable 30-59 Days 60-90 Days Greater Than Total Past Total Loans >90 Days Past Due Past Due 90 Days Due Current Receivable and Accruing (In Thousands)Residential one-to-four family$ 1,063 $ - $ 86 $ 1,149 $ 223,385 $ 224,534 $ -Commercial and multi-family 1,181 - 5,167 6,348 1,713,826 1,720,174 -Construction 2,899 - 2,847 5,746 148,158 153,904 -Commercial business(1) 405 166 6,775 7,346 183,793 191,139 3,124 Home equity(2) 190 - 27 217 50,252 50,469 -Consumer - - - - 3,717 3,717 -Total$ 5,738 $ 166 $ 14,902 $ 20,806 $ 2,323,131 $ 2,343,937 $ 3,124 __________(1) Includes business lines of credit.(2) Includes home equity lines of credit. The following table sets forth the delinquency status of total loans receivable at December 31, 2020: Loans Receivable 30-59 Days 60-90 Days Greater Than Total Past Total Loans >90 Days Past Due Past Due 90 Days Due Current Receivable and Accruing (In Thousands)Residential one-to-four family$ 507 $ 266 $ 664 $ 1,437 $ 242,932 $ 244,369 $ 125 Commercial and multi-family 15,910 2,996 1,334 20,240 1,670,596 1,690,836 -Construction - - - - 155,967 155,967 -Commercial business(1) 3,889 904 3,354 8,147 176,210 184,357 133 Home equity(2) 541 12 502 1,055 52,612 53,667 75 Consumer - - - - 822 822 -Total$ 20,847 $ 4,178 $ 5,854 $ 30,879 $ 2,299,139 $ 2,330,018 $ 333 __________(1) Includes business lines of credit.(2) Includes home equity lines of credit. Note 5 - Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses (continued) Criticized and Classified Assets. The Company’s policies provide for a classification system for problem assets. Under this classification system, problem assets are classified as “substandard,” “doubtful,” or “loss.” When the Company classifies problem assets, the Company may establish general allowances for loan losses in an amount deemed prudent by management. General allowances represent loss allowances which have been established to recognize the inherent risk associated with lending activities, but which, unlike specific allowances, have not been allocated to particular problem assets. A portion of general loss allowances established to cover possible losses related to assets classified as substandard or doubtful may be included in determining our regulatory capital. Specific valuation allowances for loan losses generally do not qualify as regulatory capital. As of December 31, 2021, the Company had $39.2 million in assets classified as substandard, of which $39.2 million were classified as impaired. As of December 31, 2020, the Company had $68.6 million in assets classified as substandard, of which $68.6 million were classified as impaired. The loans classified as substandard represent primarily commercial loans secured either by residential real estate, commercial real estate or heavy equipment. The loans that have been classified substandard were classified as such primarily due to payment status, because updated financial information has not been timely provided, or the collateral underlying the loan is in the process of being revalued. The Company’s internal credit risk grades are based on the definitions currently utilized by the banking regulatory agencies. The grades assigned and definitions are as follows, and loans graded excellent, above average, good and watch list (risk ratings 1-5) are treated as “pass” for grading purposes. The “criticized” risk rating (6) and the “classified” risk ratings (7-9) are detailed below: 6 – Special Mention- Loans currently performing but with potential weaknesses including adverse trends in borrower’s operations, credit quality, financial strength, or possible collateral deficiency. 7 – Substandard- Loans that are inadequately protected by current sound worth, paying capacity, and collateral support. Loans on “nonaccrual” status. The loan needs special and corrective attention. 8 – Doubtful- Weaknesses in credit quality and collateral support make full collection improbable, but pending reasonable factors remain sufficient to defer the loss status. 9 – Loss- Continuance as a bankable asset is not warranted. However, this does not preclude future attempts at partial recovery.Residential, home equity, and consumer loans are rated pass at origination with subsequent adjustments based on delinquency status.The following table presents the loan portfolio types summarized by the aggregate pass rating and the classified ratings of special mention, substandard, doubtful, and loss within the Company’s internal risk rating system as of December 31, 2021 and 2020. (In Thousands): Pass Special Mention Substandard Doubtful Loss TotalDecember 31, 2021 Residential one-to-four family$ 223,660 $ 505 $ 369 $ - $ - $ 224,534 Commercial and multi-family 1,647,701 45,087 27,386 - - 1,720,174 Construction 151,057 - 2,847 - - 153,904 Commercial business(1) 178,056 4,767 8,316 - - 191,139 Home equity(2) 50,230 - 239 - - 50,469 Consumer 3,717 - - - - 3,717 Total Gross Loans$ 2,254,421 $ 50,359 $ 39,157 $ - $ - $ 2,343,937 __________(1) Includes business lines of credit.(2) Includes home equity lines of credit. Pass Special Mention Substandard Doubtful Loss TotalDecember 31, 2020 Residential one-to-four family$ 241,237 $ 1,087 $ 2,045 $ - $ - $ 244,369 Commercial and multi-family 1,631,838 2,152 56,846 - - 1,690,836 Construction 155,967 - - - - 155,967 Commercial business(1) 173,833 1,497 9,027 - - 184,357 Home equity(2) 53,005 - 662 - - 53,667 Consumer 822 - - - - 822 Total Gross Loans$ 2,256,702 $ 4,736 $ 68,580 $ - $ - $ 2,330,018 __________(1) Includes business lines of credit.(2) Includes home equity lines of credit. |