Warrants | 10. Warrants The following table summarizes the Company’s outstanding warrants to purchase common stock as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019: Number of Warrants: Warrant Issuance June 30, 2020 December 31, 2019 Exercise Price Expiration Date Liability-classified Warrants November 2015 Investors 104,168 104,168 $ 63.60 May 2021 November 2015 Placement Agent 279 279 $ 63.60 Nov. 2020 March 2016 Investors 50,651 50,651 $ 50.40 Sept. 2021 September 2016 Investors 67,084 67,084 $ 36.00 Mar. 2022 June 2017 Investors 126,264 126,264 $ 48.00 Dec. 2022 June 2017 Placement Agent 15,153 15,153 $ 49.50 June 2022 October 2017 Investors 136,058 136,058 $ 34.20 Apr. 2023 October 2017 Placement Agent 16,327 16,327 $ 36.72 Oct. 2022 Total liability classified warrants 515,984 515,984 Equity-classified Warrants October 2018 Investors 480,771 480,771 $ 20.04 Apr. 2024 October 2018 Placement Agent 28,848 28,848 $ 19.50 Oct. 2023 January 2019 Investors 895,886 895,886 $ 9.60 Jan. 2024 Total equity-classified warrants 1,405,505 1,405,505 Total outstanding warrants 1,921,489 1,921,489 The following table summarizes the Company’s warrant activity for the six months ended June 30, 2020: Number of Warrants Liability-classified Equity- classified Total Weighted average exercise price Balance, January 1, 2020 515,984 1,405,505 1,921,489 $ 22.10 Issued during the period - - - $ - Exercised during the period - - - $ - Expired during the period - - - $ - Balance, June 30, 2020 515,984 1,405,505 1,921,489 $ 22.10 At June 30, 2020, the weighted average remaining contractual life of the outstanding warrants was 3.2 years. The following table summarizes the fair value of the liability-classified warrants as of the respective balance sheet dates: Fair Value as of: Warrant Issuance: June 30, 2020 December 31, 2019 November 2015 Investors $ 3,286 $ 55 November 2015 Placement Agent - - March 2016 Investor 6,362 439 September 2016 Investors 28,765 3,196 June 2017 Investors 83,463 11,736 June 2017 Placement Agent 6,348 845 October 2017 Investors 129,299 23,772 October 2017 Placement Agent 11,288 1,674 Total: $ 268,811 $ 41,717 The assumptions used in calculating the fair values of the liability-classified warrants are as follows: June 30, 2020 December 31, 2019 Trading market prices $ 2.84 $ 1.91 Fundamental transaction volatility 134 % 102 % Dividend - - Fundamental transaction risk-free rate 0.17 -0.21 % 1.57 -1.72 % Equivalent volatility 92 -103% % 85-94 % Equivalent risk-free rate 0.16 % 1.57 -1.59 % Fundamental transaction likelihood 90 % 50 % Fundamental transaction timing September 2020 April 2020 As discussed in Note 2, on June 17, 2020, the Company entered into the Original Merger Agreement, which meets the definition of a fundamental transaction as defined by the warrant agreements. Therefore, the Company adjusted the likelihood and timing of its fundamental transaction assumptions when calculating the fair values of the liability-classified warrants as of June 30, 2020. Changes in the fair value of the warrant liabilities, carried at fair value, reported as “unrealized (loss) gain on fair value of warrants” in the statement of operations: For the Three Months Ended June 30, For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 2019 2020 2019 November 2015 Investors $ (2,315) $ 27,069 $ (3,231) $ 224,153 November 2015 Placement Agent - 55 - 435 March 2016 Investors (5,122) 32,874 (5,923) 147,673 September 2016 Investors (14,126) 72,213 (25,569) 290,082 June 2017 Investors (53,099) 129,559 (71,727) 517,950 June 2017 Placement Agent (3,774) 14,553 (5,503) 56,464 October 2017 Investors (83,121) 135,125 (105,527) 631,626 October 2017 Placement Agent (7,145) 16,035 (9,614) 72,471 Total: $ (168,702) $ 427,483 $ (227,094) $ 1,940,854 |