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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
þ | Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2006.
o | Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
For the Transition Period From to .
Commission file number: 001-31775
ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Maryland | 86-1062192 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (IRS employer identification number) | |
14185 Dallas Parkway, Suite 1100 Dallas, Texas | 75254 | |
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip code) |
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (972) 490-9600
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yesþ Noo
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act):
Large accelerated filero Accelerated filerþ Non-accelerated filero
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yeso Noþ
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
Class | Outstanding at August 4, 2006: | |||
Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share | 72,321,695 | |||
ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC.
FORM 10-Q
FOR THE QUARTER ENDED JUNE 30, 2006
FORM 10-Q
FOR THE QUARTER ENDED JUNE 30, 2006
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION(Unaudited)
ITEM I: FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)
(Unaudited)
June 30, | December 31, | |||||||
2006 | 2005 | |||||||
ASSETS | ||||||||
Investment in hotel properties, net | $ | 1,232,415 | $ | 1,106,668 | ||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 74,606 | 57,995 | ||||||
Restricted cash | 13,097 | 27,842 | ||||||
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $392 and $366, respectively | 22,780 | 21,355 | ||||||
Inventories | 1,298 | 1,186 | ||||||
Assets held for sale | 2,451 | 117,873 | ||||||
Notes receivable | 112,332 | 107,985 | ||||||
Deferred costs, net | 12,138 | 13,975 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses | 5,544 | 9,662 | ||||||
Other assets | 9,586 | 4,014 | ||||||
Intangible assets, net | 1,109 | 1,181 | ||||||
Due from third-party hotel managers | 16,228 | 12,274 | ||||||
Due from affiliates | 2,257 | 476 | ||||||
Total assets | $ | 1,505,841 | $ | 1,482,486 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND OWNERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||
Indebtedness | $ | 802,450 | $ | 908,623 | ||||
Capital leases payable | 256 | 453 | ||||||
Accounts payable | 11,340 | 9,984 | ||||||
Accrued expenses | 24,430 | 21,054 | ||||||
Dividends payable | 16,256 | 13,703 | ||||||
Deferred income | 315 | 338 | ||||||
Deferred incentive management fees | 4,963 | — | ||||||
Due to third-party hotel managers | 2,689 | 1,385 | ||||||
Due to affiliates | 2,120 | 5,654 | ||||||
Total liabilities | 864,819 | 961,194 | ||||||
Commitments and contingencies (see Note 14) | ||||||||
Minority interest | 79,756 | 87,969 | ||||||
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value: | ||||||||
Series B Cumulative Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock, 7,447,865 issued and outstanding at June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005 | 75,000 | 75,000 | ||||||
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized: | ||||||||
Series A Cumulative Preferred Stock, 2,300,000 issued and outstanding at June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005 | 23 | 23 | ||||||
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized, 57,368,695 and 43,831,394 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively | 574 | 438 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital | 537,406 | 403,919 | ||||||
Unearned compensation | — | (4,792 | ) | |||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income | 660 | 1,372 | ||||||
Accumulated deficit | (52,397 | ) | (42,637 | ) | ||||
Total owners’ equity | 486,266 | 358,323 | ||||||
Total liabilities and owners’ equity | $ | 1,505,841 | $ | 1,482,486 | ||||
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)
(Unaudited)
Three Months | Three Months | Six Months | Six Months | ||||||||||||||
Ended | Ended | Ended | Ended | ||||||||||||||
June 30, 2006 | June 30, 2005 | June 30, 2006 | June 30, 2005 | ||||||||||||||
REVENUE | |||||||||||||||||
Rooms | $ | 98,637 | $ | 59,564 | $ | 186,577 | $ | 96,176 | |||||||||
Food and beverage | 19,209 | 14,653 | 35,283 | 22,226 | |||||||||||||
Other | 5,059 | 3,671 | 9,196 | 5,560 | |||||||||||||
Total hotel revenue | 122,905 | 77,888 | 231,056 | 123,962 | |||||||||||||
Interest income from notes receivable | 3,920 | 3,114 | 7,866 | 5,662 | |||||||||||||
Asset management fees from affiliates | 318 | 310 | 636 | 648 | |||||||||||||
Total Revenue | 127,143 | 81,312 | 239,558 | 130,272 | |||||||||||||
EXPENSES | |||||||||||||||||
Hotel operating expenses | |||||||||||||||||
Rooms | 21,383 | 13,023 | 40,352 | 21,162 | |||||||||||||
Food and beverage | 14,172 | 10,613 | 26,671 | 16,280 | |||||||||||||
Other direct | 1,993 | 1,370 | 3,754 | 2,219 | |||||||||||||
Indirect | 35,043 | 24,162 | 68,581 | 38,213 | |||||||||||||
Management fees — third-party hotel managers | 2,924 | 718 | 5,558 | 1,331 | |||||||||||||
Management fees — affiliates (see Note 13) | 1,920 | 1,698 | 3,657 | 2,542 | |||||||||||||
Total hotel expenses | 77,435 | 51,584 | 148,573 | 81,747 | |||||||||||||
Property taxes, insurance, and other | 6,606 | 3,878 | 12,448 | 6,451 | |||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 12,374 | 5,849 | 23,308 | 10,140 | |||||||||||||
Loss on reclassification from discontinued to continuing | 863 | — | 863 | — | |||||||||||||
Corporate general and administrative: | |||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | 1,770 | 912 | 2,710 | 1,531 | |||||||||||||
Other corporate and administrative | 3,569 | 2,312 | 7,439 | 4,992 | |||||||||||||
Total Operating Expenses | 102,617 | 64,535 | 195,341 | 104,861 | |||||||||||||
OPERATING INCOME | 24,526 | 16,777 | 44,217 | 25,411 | |||||||||||||
Interest income | 566 | 180 | 1,060 | 457 | |||||||||||||
Interest expense | (11,330 | ) | (6,750 | ) | (22,766 | ) | (10,774 | ) | |||||||||
Amortization of loan costs | (461 | ) | (1,040 | ) | (975 | ) | (1,987 | ) | |||||||||
Write-off of loan costs and exit fees | (102 | ) | — | (788 | ) | (151 | ) | ||||||||||
Loss on debt extinguishment | — | — | — | (2,257 | ) | ||||||||||||
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES AND MINORITY INTEREST | 13,199 | 9,167 | 20,748 | 10,699 | |||||||||||||
(Provision for) benefit from income taxes | (85 | ) | (219 | ) | (269 | ) | 22 | ||||||||||
Minority interest | (2,091 | ) | (1,890 | ) | (3,381 | ) | (2,194 | ) | |||||||||
INCOME FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS | 11,023 | 7,058 | 17,098 | 8,527 | |||||||||||||
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net | — | 6 | 1,387 | (12 | ) | ||||||||||||
NET INCOME | 11,023 | 7,064 | 18,485 | 8,515 | |||||||||||||
Preferred dividends | 2,719 | 2,626 | 5,438 | 4,014 | |||||||||||||
NET INCOME AVAILABLE TO COMMON SHAREHOLDERS | $ | 8,304 | $ | 4,438 | $ | 13,047 | $ | 4,501 | |||||||||
Basic and Diluted: | |||||||||||||||||
Income From Continuing Operations Per Share Available To Common Shareholders | $ | 0.15 | $ | 0.11 | $ | 0.22 | $ | 0.12 | |||||||||
Income (Loss) From Discontinued Operations Per Share | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 0.02 | $ | — | |||||||||
Net Income Per Share Available To Common Shareholders | $ | 0.15 | $ | 0.11 | $ | 0.24 | $ | 0.12 | |||||||||
Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding | 55,711,214 | 40,555,747 | 53,828,335 | 37,022,341 | |||||||||||||
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(In Thousands)
(Unaudited)
(Unaudited)
Three Months | Three Months | Six Months | Six Months | |||||||||||||
Ended | Ended | Ended | Ended | |||||||||||||
June 30, 2006 | June 30, 2005 | June 30, 2006 | June 30, 2005 | |||||||||||||
NET INCOME | $ | 11,023 | $ | 7,064 | $ | 18,485 | $ | 8,515 | ||||||||
Reclassification to Reduce Interest Expense | (349 | ) | — | (711 | ) | — | ||||||||||
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Derivative Instruments | — | (754 | ) | (1 | ) | 232 | ||||||||||
Comprehensive Income | $ | 10,674 | $ | 6,310 | $ | 17,773 | $ | 8,747 | ||||||||
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc.
Consolidated Statement of Owners’ Equity For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2006
(In Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)
(In Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)
Accumulated | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Preferred Stock | Common Stock | Additional | Other | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Number of | $0.01 | Number of | $0.01 | Paid-In | Unearned | Comprehensive | Accumulated | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Par Value | Shares | Par Value | Capital | Compensation | Income | Deficit | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2005 | 2,300 | $ | 23 | 43,831 | $ | 438 | $ | 403,919 | $ | (4,792 | ) | $ | 1,372 | $ | (42,637 | ) | $ | 358,323 | ||||||||||||||||||
Reclassification of Unearned Compensation | — | — | — | — | (4,792 | ) | 4,792 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization of Unearned Compensation | — | — | — | — | 2,524 | — | — | — | 2,524 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Forfeitures of Restricted Common Shares | — | — | (2 | ) | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of Common Shares in Follow-On Public Offering on January 25, 2006 | — | — | 12,108 | 121 | 128,014 | — | — | — | 128,135 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of Restricted Common Shares to Employees | — | — | 643 | 6 | (6 | ) | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of Common Shares to Directors | — | — | 16 | — | 186 | — | — | — | 186 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of Common Shares in Exchange for Units | — | — | 773 | 9 | 7,561 | — | — | — | 7,570 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends Declared — Common Shares | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | (22,807 | ) | (22,807 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends Declared — Preferred Shares — Series A | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | (2,458 | ) | (2,458 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends Declared — Preferred Shares — Series B | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | (2,980 | ) | (2,980 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Unrealized Loss on Derivative Instruments | — | — | — | — | — | — | (1 | ) | — | (1 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reclassification to Reduce Interest Expense | — | — | — | — | — | — | (711 | ) | — | (711 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Income | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 18,485 | 18,485 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at June 30, 2006 | 2,300 | $ | 23 | 57,369 | $ | 574 | $ | 537,406 | $ | — | $ | 660 | $ | (52,397 | ) | $ | 486,266 | |||||||||||||||||||
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In Thousands)
(Unaudited)
(Unaudited)
Six Months | Six Months | |||||||
Ended | Ended | |||||||
June 30, 2006 | June 30, 2005 | |||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: | ||||||||
Net income | $ | 18,485 | $ | 8,515 | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flow provided by operations: | ||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 23,308 | 10,146 | ||||||
Loss on reclassification from discontinued to continuing | 863 | — | ||||||
Amortization of loan costs | 975 | 1,987 | ||||||
Write-off of loan costs and exit fees | 788 | 151 | ||||||
Loss on debt extinguishment | — | 2,257 | ||||||
Amortization to reduce interest expense from comprehensive income | (711 | ) | — | |||||
Stock-based compensation | 2,710 | 1,531 | ||||||
Minority interest | 3,676 | 2,190 | ||||||
Changes in assets and liabilities: | ||||||||
Accounts receivable and inventories | 60 | (6,749 | ) | |||||
Other miscellaneous assets | (6,817 | ) | 1,270 | |||||
Restricted cash | 14,745 | 798 | ||||||
Other miscellaneous liabilities | 4,069 | 2,724 | ||||||
Net cash flow provided by operating activities | 62,151 | 24,820 | ||||||
Cash flows from investing activities: | ||||||||
Acquisitions or originations of notes receivable | (26,308 | ) | (28,603 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from payments of notes receivable | 22,163 | 6,349 | ||||||
Acquisitions of hotel properties | (124,977 | ) | (541,182 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from sales of discontinued operations | 17,445 | 28,212 | ||||||
Improvements and additions to hotel properties | (19,011 | ) | (13,301 | ) | ||||
Net cash flow used in investing activities | (130,688 | ) | (548,525 | ) | ||||
Cash flows from financing activities: | ||||||||
Payments of dividends | (29,957 | ) | (15,150 | ) | ||||
Borrowings on indebtedness and capital leases | 128,865 | 430,000 | ||||||
Payments on indebtedness and capital leases | (141,545 | ) | (99,286 | ) | ||||
Payments of deferred financing costs | (296 | ) | (3,284 | ) | ||||
Payments to extinguish indebtedness | — | (2,257 | ) | |||||
Proceeds received from follow-on public offerings | 128,135 | 145,529 | ||||||
Proceeds received from Series B preferred stock sale | — | 65,000 | ||||||
Payments to convert partnership units into common stock | (54 | ) | — | |||||
Payments related to Series B preferred stock sale | — | (607 | ) | |||||
Net cash flow provided by financing activities | 85,148 | 519,945 | ||||||
Net change in cash and cash equivalents | 16,611 | (3,760 | ) | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning balance | 57,995 | 47,109 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, ending balance | $ | 74,606 | $ | 43,349 | ||||
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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ASHFORD HOSPITALITY TRUST, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2006
(Unaudited)
(Unaudited)
1. Organization and Description of Business
Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) is a self-advised real estate investment trust (“REIT”), which commenced operations on August 29, 2003 when it completed its initial public offering (“IPO”) and concurrently consummated certain other formation transactions, including the acquisition of six hotels (“initial properties”). The Company owns its lodging investments and conducts its business through Ashford Hospitality Limited Partnership, its operating partnership. Ashford OP General Partner LLC, its wholly-owned subsidiary, serves as the sole general partner of the Company’s operating partnership.
The Company elected to be treated as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. As a result of limitations imposed on REITs related to operating hotel properties, each of the Company’s hotel properties is leased or owned by a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company that is treated as a taxable REIT subsidiary for federal income tax purposes (collectively, such subsidiaries are referred to as “Ashford TRS”). Ashford TRS then engages third-party or affiliated hotel management companies to operate the hotels under management contracts. Remington Lodging & Hospitality, L.P. (“Remington Lodging”), one of the Company’s primary property managers, is beneficially wholly owned by Mr. Archie Bennett, Jr., the Company’s Chairman, and Mr. Montgomery J. Bennett, the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer. As of June 30, 2006, Remington Lodging managed 29 of the Company’s 72 hotel properties while unaffiliated management companies managed the remaining 43 hotel properties.
As of June 30, 2006, 57,368,695 shares of common stock, 2,300,000 shares of Series A preferred stock, 7,447,865 shares of Series B preferred stock, and 10,318,729 units of limited partnership interest held by entities other than the Company were outstanding. During the six months ended June 30, 2006, the Company completed the following transactions:
• | On January 25, 2006, the Company issued 12,107,623 shares of common stock in a follow-on public offering. | ||
• | On March 28, 2006, the Company issued 642,557 shares of restricted common stock to its executive officers and certain employees of the Company and its affiliates. | ||
• | On May 2, 2006, the Company issued 16,000 shares of common stock to its directors as compensation for serving on the Board of Directors through May 2007. | ||
• | During the six months ended June 30, 2006, the Company issued 773,346 shares of common stock in exchange for 773,346 units of limited partnership interest. |
As of June 30, 2006, the Company owned 72 hotel properties in 22 states with 12,266 rooms, an office building with nominal operations, and approximately $112.6 million of mezzanine or first-mortgage loans receivable.
2. Basis of Presentation
These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Accordingly, these financial statements do not include certain information and disclosures required by GAAP for complete financial statements. However, in the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments and accruals, considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included.
In addition, the following items affect the Company’s reporting comparability related to its consolidated financial statements:
• | The operations of the Company’s hotels have historically been seasonal. This seasonality pattern causes fluctuations in the Company’s operating results. Consequently, operating results for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2006 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2006. | ||
• | Marriott International, Inc. (“Marriott”) manages 23 of the Company’s properties. For these 23 Marriott-managed hotels, the fiscal year reflects twelve weeks of operations for the first three quarters of the year and sixteen weeks for the fourth quarter of the year. Therefore, in any given quarterly period, period-over-period results will have different ending dates. For these 23 Marriott-managed hotels, the second quarter of 2006 ended on June 16. | ||
• | Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation. |
These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and footnotes for the year ended December 31, 2005, included in the Company’s Form 10-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 14, 2006. The accounting policies used in preparing these consolidated financial statements are consistent with those described in such Form 10-K.
3. Significant Accounting Policies Summary
Principles of Consolidation — The Company’s consolidated financial statements include the Company and its majority-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions among the consolidated entities have been eliminated in these consolidated financial statements.
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Revenue Recognition — Hotel revenues include room, food, beverage, and ancillary revenues such as long-distance telephone service, laundry, and space rentals. Interest income from notes receivable represents interest earned on the Company’s mezzanine and first-mortgage loans receivable portfolio. Asset management fees relate to asset management services performed on behalf of a related party, including risk management and insurance procurement, assistance with taxes, negotiating franchise agreements and equipment leases, monitoring compliance with loan covenants, preparation of capital and operating budgets, and property litigation management. Revenues are recognized as the related services are delivered.
Use of Estimates — The preparation of these consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Investment in Hotel Properties — The initial properties are stated at the predecessor’s historical cost, net of any impairment charges, plus approximately $8.1 million of minority interest partial step-up recorded upon the Company’s formation related to the acquisition of minority interest from unaffiliated parties associated with four of the initial properties. Hotel properties acquired subsequent to the Company’s formation are stated at cost. All improvements and additions which extend the useful life of hotel properties are capitalized.
Impairment of Investment in Hotel Properties — Hotel properties are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying values of such hotel properties may not be recoverable. The Company tests for impairment in several situations, including when current or projected cash flows are less than historical cash flows, when it becomes more likely than not that a hotel property will be sold before the end of its previously estimated useful life, and when events or changes in circumstances indicate that a hotel property’s net book value may not be recoverable. In evaluating the impairment of hotel properties, the Company makes many assumptions and estimates, including projected cash flows, holding period, expected useful life, future capital expenditures, and fair values, which considers capitalization rates, discount rates, and comparable selling prices. If an asset was deemed to be impaired, the Company would record an impairment charge for the amount that the property’s net book value exceeds its fair value. To date, no such impairment charges have been recognized.
Depreciation and Amortization Expense — Depreciation expense is based on the estimated useful life of the Company’s assets, while amortization expense for leasehold improvements is based on the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful life of the related assets. Presently, hotel properties are depreciated using the straight-line method over lives which range from 15 to 39 years for buildings and improvements and 3 to 5 years for furniture, fixtures, and equipment. While the Company believes its estimates are reasonable, a change in estimated lives could affect depreciation expense and net income (loss) as well as the gain or loss on the potential sale of any of the Company’s hotels.
Restricted Cash — Restricted cash includes reserves for debt service, real estate taxes, and insurance, as well as excess cash flow deposits and reserves for furniture, fixtures, and equipment replacements of approximately 4% to 6% of property revenue for certain hotels, as required by certain management or mortgage debt agreement restrictions and provisions.
Assets Held For Sale and Discontinued Operations — The Company records assets as held for sale when management has committed to a plan to sell the assets, actively seeks a buyer for the assets, and the consummation of the sale is considered probable and is expected within one year. The related operations of assets held for sale are reported as discontinued if a) such operations and cash flows can be clearly distinguished, both operationally and financially, from the ongoing operations of the Company, b) such operations and cash flows will be eliminated from ongoing operations once the disposal occurs, and c) the Company will not have any significant continuing involvement subsequent to the disposal.
Notes Receivable — The Company provides mezzanine and first-mortgage financing in the form of loans. Loans receivable are recorded at cost, adjusted for net origination fees and costs. Premiums, discounts, and net origination fees are amortized or accreted as an adjustment to interest income using the effective interest method. Loans receivable are reviewed for potential impairment at each balance sheet date. A loan receivable is considered impaired when it becomes probable, based on current information, that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the loan’s contractual terms. The amount of impairment, if any, is measured by comparing the recorded amount of the loan to the present value of the expected cash flows or the fair value of the collateral. If a loan was deemed to be impaired, the Company would record a reserve for loan losses through a charge to income for any shortfall. To date, no such impairment charges have been recognized.
In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 46, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities,” as revised (“FIN No. 46”), variable interest entities, as defined, are required to be consolidated by their primary beneficiaries if the variable interest entities do not effectively disperse risks among parties involved. The Company’s mezzanine and first-mortgage loans receivable are each secured by various hotel properties or partnership interests in hotel properties and are subordinate to primary loans related to the secured hotels. All of these loans receivable are considered to be variable interests in the entities that own the related hotels, which are variable interest entities. However, the Company is not considered to be the primary beneficiary of these hotel properties as a result of holding these loans. Therefore, the Company does not consolidate such hotels for which it has provided financing. Interests in entities acquired or created in the future will be evaluated based on FIN No. 46 criteria, and such entities will be consolidated, if required. The analysis utilized by the Company in evaluating FIN No. 46 criteria involves considerable management judgment and assumptions.
Due From Third-Party Hotel Managers — Due from third-party hotel managers primarily consists of amounts due from Marriott related to cash reserves held at the Marriott corporate level related to capital, insurance, real estate taxes, and other items.
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Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities — Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” as amended and interpreted (“SFAS No. 133”), establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments, including certain derivative instruments embedded in other contracts, and for hedging activities. As required by SFAS No. 133, the Company records all derivatives on the balance sheet at fair value. Accounting for changes in the fair value of derivatives depends on the intended use of the derivative and the resulting designation. Derivatives used to hedge the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset, liability, or firm commitment attributable to a particular risk, such as interest rate risk, are considered fair value hedges. Derivatives used to hedge the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows, or other types of forecasted transactions, are considered cash flow hedges.
For derivatives designated as fair value hedges, changes in the fair value of the derivative and the hedged item related to the hedged risk are recognized in earnings. For derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative is initially reported in other comprehensive income (outside of earnings) and subsequently reclassified to earnings when the hedged transaction affects earnings, and the ineffective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative is recognized directly in earnings. The Company assesses the effectiveness of each hedging relationship by comparing the changes in fair value or cash flows of the derivative hedging instrument with the changes in fair value or cash flows of the designated hedged item or transaction.
The Company’s objective in using derivatives is to increase stability related to interest expense and to manage its exposure to interest rate movements or other identified risks. To accomplish this objective, the Company primarily uses interest rate swaps and caps as part of its cash flow hedging strategy. Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable-rate amounts in exchange for fixed-rate payments over the life of the agreements without exchange of the underlying principal amount. Interest rate caps designated as cash flow hedges provide the Company with interest rate protection above the strike rate on the cap and result in the Company receiving interest payments when rates are above the cap strike.
Income Taxes — As a REIT, the Company generally will not be subject to federal corporate income tax on the portion of its net income (loss) that does not relate to taxable REIT subsidiaries. However, Ashford TRS is treated as a taxable REIT subsidiary for federal income tax purposes. In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes,” the Company accounts for income taxes for Ashford TRS using the asset and liability method under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. For the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, the benefit from (provision for) income taxes relates to the net (loss) income associated with Ashford TRS.
Segments — The Company presently operates in two business segments within the hotel lodging industry: direct hotel investments and hotel financing. Direct hotel investments refers to owning hotels through either acquisition or new development. Hotel financing refers to owning subordinate hotel-related mortgage receivables through acquisition or origination.
Stock-based Compensation — The Company accounts for stock-based compensation using the fair-value method. In connection with the Company’s formation, the Company established an employee Incentive Stock Plan (the “Stock Plan”). Under the Stock Plan, the Company periodically issues shares of restricted and non-restricted common stock. All such shares are charged to compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting period based on the Company’s stock price on the date of issuance. Under the Stock Plan, the Company may issue a variety of additional performance-based stock awards, including nonqualified stock options. As of June 30, 2006, no performance-based stock awards aside from the aforementioned stock grants have been issued.
Earnings (Loss) Per Share — Basic earnings (loss) per common share is calculated by dividing net income (loss) available to common shareholders by the weighted average common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per common share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common shares were exercised or converted into common shares, whereby such exercise or conversion would result in lower earnings per share. The following table reconciles the amounts used in calculating basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005 (in thousands, except share and per share amounts):
Three Months Ended | Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | Six Months Ended | |||||||||||||
June 30, 2006 | June 30, 2005 | June 30, 2006 | June 30, 2005 | |||||||||||||
Income from continuing operations less preferred dividends — basic | $ | 8,304 | $ | 4,432 | $ | 11,660 | $ | 4,513 | ||||||||
Weighted average common shares outstanding — basic | 55,711,214 | 40,555,747 | 53,828,335 | 37,022,341 | ||||||||||||
Incremental diluted shares related to option to purchase common shares | — | 216,934 | — | 189,275 | ||||||||||||
Incremental diluted shares related to unvested restricted shares | 213,519 | 226,840 | 537,519 | 378,722 | ||||||||||||
Weighted average common shares outstanding — diluted | 55,924,733 | 40,999,521 | 54,365,854 | 37,590,338 | ||||||||||||
Income per share from continuing operations — basic | $ | 0.15 | $ | 0.11 | $ | 0.22 | $ | 0.12 | ||||||||
Income per share from continuing operations — diluted | $ | 0.15 | $ | 0.11 | $ | 0.22 | $ | 0.12 | ||||||||
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2006, dividends related to convertible preferred shares of approximately $1.5 million and $3.0 million, respectively, and weighted average convertible preferred shares outstanding of approximately 7.5 million and 7.5 million, respectively, are excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculation as such shares are anti-dilutive. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2006, minority interest of approximately $2.1 million and $3.4 million, respectively, and weighted average units of limited partnership interest of approximately 10.8 million and 10.9 million, respectively, are excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculation as such units are anti-dilutive.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, dividends related to convertible preferred shares of approximately $1.4 million and $1.6 million, respectively, and weighted average convertible preferred shares outstanding of approximately 2.1 million and 1.5 million
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shares, respectively, are excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculation as such shares are anti-dilutive. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, minority interest of approximately $1.9 million and $2.2 million, respectively, and weighted average units of limited partnership interest of approximately 11.1 million and 9.0 million units, respectively, are excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculation as such units are anti-dilutive.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements — In December 2004, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123R (Revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment” (“SFAS No. 123R”), effective January 1, 2006. SFAS No. 123R is a revision of SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation.” SFAS No. 123R requires the cost of share-based awards to employees to be measured based on an award’s fair value at the grant date, with such cost to be amortized over the appropriate service period. Previously, entities could elect to continue accounting for such awards at their grant date intrinsic value under APB Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees.” In addition, SFAS No. 123R requires future forfeitures of stock awards to be estimated and accounted for currently rather than as such forfeitures occur. The Company’s adoption of SFAS No. 123R in the first quarter of 2006 using the modified prospective application had no impact on the Company’s results of operations. As required by SFAS No. 123R, the Company reclassified unearned compensation on its balance sheet to additional paid-in capital. Forfeitures of stock grants have been and are expected to continue to be insignificant.
In June 2006, the Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) ratified EITF No. 06-3, “How Taxes Collected from Customers and Remitted to Government Authorities Should be Presented in the Income Statement (That Is, Gross versus Net Presentation).” EITF No. 06-3 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2006, with earlier application permitted. EITF No. 06-3 relates to taxes assessed by a governmental authority imposed on revenue-producing transactions, such as sales taxes. EITF No. 06-3 states that gross versus net income statement presentation of such taxes is an accounting policy decision requiring disclosure. EITF No. 06-3 further requires disclosure of the amount of such taxes reflected at gross, if any. The Company does not believe the adoption of EITF No. 06-3 will impact its financial condition or results of operations.
4. Investment in Hotel Properties
Investment in Hotel Properties consists of the following as of June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005 (in thousands):
June 30, | December 31, | |||||||
2006 | 2005 | |||||||
Land | $ | 176,940 | $ | 163,493 | ||||
Buildings and improvements | 1,029,154 | 910,332 | ||||||
Furniture, fixtures, and equipment | 102,689 | 87,096 | ||||||
Construction in progress | 8,764 | 7,012 | ||||||
Total cost | 1,317,547 | 1,167,933 | ||||||
Accumulated depreciation | (85,132 | ) | (61,265 | ) | ||||
Investment in hotel properties, net | $ | 1,232,415 | $ | 1,106,668 | ||||
On February 24, 2006, the Company acquired the Marriott at Research Triangle Park hotel property in Durham, North Carolina, from Host Marriott Corporation for approximately $28.0 million. Considering closing costs, this acquisition generated an increase in Investment in Hotel Properties of approximately $28.2 million.
On March 26, 2006, the Company completed its $10.5 million renovation and re-branding of the Hilton Ft. Worth hotel property in Ft. Worth, Texas, which was formerly a Radisson hotel property.
On April 1, 2006, the Company reclassified approximately $38.9 million from assets held for sale to investment in hotel properties related to its decision to discontinue sales efforts related to seven hotel properties. See Note 5 for further discussion.
On April 19, 2006, the Company acquired the Pan Pacific San Francisco Hotel in San Francisco, California, for approximately $95.0 million. Considering closing costs, this acquisition generated an increase in Investment in Hotel Properties of approximately $97.7 million.
5. Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations
On March 16, 2005, the Company acquired 21 hotel properties for approximately $250.0 million. Soon thereafter, the Company made a strategic commitment to sell eight of these properties, six of which were sold prior to December 31, 2005. On January 17, 2006, the Company sold the remaining two properties for approximately $10.7 million, net of closing costs. Operating results related to these eight hotel properties during the periods such hotels were owned are included in income (loss) from discontinued operations for both the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2006 and 2005. In addition, in late 2005, the Company made a strategic commitment to sell a portion of one of the other hotel properties acquired in this acquisition, which resulted in approximately $2.5 million of carrying value classified as assets held for sale at June 30, 2006. No significant gain or loss or adverse tax consequences have resulted or are expected to result from the sales of these properties.
On June 17, 2005, the Company acquired 30 hotel properties for approximately $465.0 million. Soon thereafter, the Company made a strategic commitment to sell 15 of these properties. On March 24, 2006, the Company sold eight of these properties for approximately
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$100.4 million, net of closing costs. Operating results related to these eight hotel properties during the periods such hotels were owned are included in income (loss) from discontinued operations for both the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2006 and 2005. No significant gain or loss or adverse tax consequences have resulted from the sales of these properties.
Subsequent to March 31, 2006, Company management made a strategic decision to discontinue further sales efforts related to the seven remaining hotels acquired on June 17, 2005. The Company periodically evaluates its hotels from a short, mid, and long-term hold perspective. These seven hotels have performed better than expected, and the Company is optimistic about their future. Accordingly, the Company made the decision to maintain these hotels in its ongoing portfolio. Consequently, the Company reclassified such assets and operating results back to continuing operations as of June 30, 2006 and for the three and six month periods then ended. In addition, all income statement results previously reported as discontinued related to these hotels have been reclassified to continuing operations for all comparative periods shown. Likewise, assets previously reported as assets held for sale related to these hotels have been reclassified to investment in hotel properties for all periods shown.
Regarding these seven hotels, the Company recorded such assets in investment in hotel properties at approximately $38.9 million, which represents the carrying value of such assets (net of depreciation not recognized while said assets were held for sale of approximately $863,000), which is lower than such assets’ estimated fair values. For the three months ended March 31, 2006, total revenues and net income related to these seven hotels reclassified from discontinued to continuing operations were approximately $3.5 million and $1.0 million, respectively. As such hotels are Marriott-managed and were acquired the last day of Marriott’s 2005 second quarter, no operating results were recognized for such hotels for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2005.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, financial information related to the Company’s hotel properties included in income (loss) from discontinued operations was as follows (in thousands):
Three Months | Six Months | Six Months | ||||||||||
Ended | Ended | Ended | ||||||||||
June 30, 2005 | June 30, 2006 | June 30, 2005 | ||||||||||
Total revenues | $ | 1,962 | $ | 7,418 | $ | 2,432 | ||||||
Operating expenses | 1,954 | 5,768 | 2,442 | |||||||||
Amortization | — | — | 5 | |||||||||
Operating income | 8 | 1,650 | (15 | ) | ||||||||
Income taxes benefit | — | 31 | — | |||||||||
Minority interest | (2 | ) | (294 | ) | 3 | |||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 6 | $ | 1,387 | $ | (12 | ) | |||||
For the three months ended June 30, 2006, the Company did not report discontinued operations and the remaining asset held for sale had nominal operations.
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6. Notes Receivable
Notes receivable consists of the following as of June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005 (in thousands):
June 30, | December 31, | |||||||
2006 | 2005 | |||||||
$15.0 million mezzanine loan secured by one hotel property, matures January 2007, at an interest rate of LIBOR plus 9%, with interest-only payments through maturity | $ | — | $ | 15,000 | ||||
$15.0 million mezzanine loan secured by one hotel property, matures April 2007, at an interest rate of LIBOR plus 10.25% with a 1.75% LIBOR floor and 5% LIBOR cap, with interest-only payments through maturity | 15,000 | 15,000 | ||||||
$6.6 million mezzanine loan secured by one hotel property, matures May 2006, at an interest rate of the greater of 15% or LIBOR plus 13% with a 2% LIBOR floor (LIBOR plus 10% with 2% LIBOR floor pay rate with deferred interest through maturity), with interest-only payments through maturity | — | 7,022 | ||||||
$11.0 million mezzanine loan secured by one hotel property, matures September 2011, at an interest rate of 14% (12% pay rate with deferred interest through the first two years), with interest only payments through maturity | 11,000 | 11,000 | ||||||
$5.0 million mezzanine loan secured by one hotel property, matures October 2006, at an interest rate of LIBOR plus 11.35%, with interest-only payments through maturity | 5,000 | 5,000 | ||||||
$8.0 million mezzanine loan secured by one hotel property, matures February 2007, at an interest rate of LIBOR plus 9.13%, with interest-only payments through maturity | 8,000 | 8,000 | ||||||
$8.0 million mezzanine loan secured by one hotel property, matures May 2010, at an interest rate of 14% which increases 1% annually until reaching an 18% maximum, with interest-only payments through maturity | 8,000 | 8,000 | ||||||
$8.5 million mezzanine loan secured by one hotel property, matures June 2007, at an interest rate of LIBOR plus 9.75%, with interest-only payments through maturity | 8,500 | 8,500 | ||||||
$4.0 million mezzanine loan secured by one hotel property, matures July 2010, at an interest rate of 14%, with interest-only payments through maturity | 4,000 | 4,000 | ||||||
$5.6 million mezzanine loan secured by one hotel property, matures July 2008, at an interest rate of LIBOR plus 9.5%, with interest-only payments through February 2007 plus principal payments thereafter based on a twenty-five-year amortization schedule | 5,583 | 5,583 | ||||||
$3.0 million mezzanine loan secured by one hotel property, matures September 2008, at an interest rate of LIBOR plus 11.15%, with interest-only payments through maturity | 3,000 | 3,000 | ||||||
$18.2 million first-mortgage loan secured by one hotel property, matures October 2008, at an interest rate of LIBOR plus 9%, with interest-only payments through maturity | 18,200 | 18,200 | ||||||
$26.3 million mezzanine loan secured by 107 hotel properties, matures April 2008, at an interest rate of LIBOR plus 5%, with interest-only payments through maturity | 26,308 | — | ||||||
Gross notes receivable | $ | 112,591 | $ | 108,305 | ||||
Deferred income, net | (259 | ) | (320 | ) | ||||
Net notes receivable | $ | 112,332 | $ | 107,985 | ||||
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As of January 1, 2006, the Company’s $6.6 million mezzanine loan receivable, secured by one hotel, matured and all principal and interest of approximately $7.0 million was due at that time. Effective January 1, 2006, the Company executed an 120-day forbearance on the collection of all amounts due on this loan, allowing the borrower time to sell or refinance the related property. On May 3, 2006, the Company received approximately $7.3 million in full payment of all principal and interest due under this loan.
On June 9, 2006, the Company originated the $26.3 million mezzanine loan receivable, described in the above table.
On June 15, 2006, the Company received approximately $15.2 million in full payment of all principal and interest due under its $15.0 million loan receivable, due January 2007, described in the above table.
In general, the Company’s notes receivable have extension options, prohibit prepayment through a certain period, and require decreasing prepayment penalties through maturity. As of June 30, 2006, all notes receivable balances were current and no reserve for loan losses had been recorded.
7. Intangibles
As of June 30, 2006, the Company’s gross and net intangible assets of approximately $1.4 million and $1.1 million, respectively, relate to existing tenant leases of an office building, primarily representing market-rate adjustments, occupancy levels, customer relationships, and origination fees. Such costs are amortized over the related remaining lease terms, which expire between 2008 and 2013. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2006, amortization expense related to these intangibles was approximately $52,000 and $107,000, respectively. During the next five fiscal years, amortization expense related to these intangibles will range from approximately $211,000 in 2006 decreasing to approximately $123,000 in 2010.
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8. Indebtedness
Indebtedness consists of the following as of June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005 (in thousands):
June 30, | December 31, | |||||||
2006 | 2005 | |||||||
$487.1 million mortgage note payable secured by 32 hotel properties, of which $192.5 million matures July 1, 2015 and $294.6 million matures February 1, 2016, at a weighted average fixed interest rate locked at 5.41%, with interest-only payments due monthly plus principal payments based on a twenty-five-year amortization schedule beginning July 10, 2010 | $ | 487,110 | $ | 580,800 | ||||
$211.5 million term loan secured by 16 hotel properties divided equally into two pools. The first pool for $110.9 million matures December 11, 2014, at a fixed interest rate of 5.75%, with interest-only payments due monthly plus principal payments based on a twenty-five-year amortization schedule beginning December 11, 2009. The second pool for $100.6 million matures December 11, 2015, at a fixed interest rate of 5.7%, with interest-only payments due monthly plus principal payments based on a twenty-five-year amortization schedule beginning December 11, 2010 | 211,475 | 211,475 | ||||||
$100.0 million secured credit facility secured by six hotel properties, matures August 17, 2008, at an interest rate of LIBOR plus a range of 1.6% to 1.95% depending on the loan-to-value ratio, with interest-only payments due monthly, with a commitment fee of 0.2% to 0.35% on the unused portion of the line payable quarterly, with two one-year extension options | 73,865 | 60,000 | ||||||
$100.0 million secured credit facility secured by eight mezzanine notes receivable totaling approximately $65.1 million, matures December 23, 2008, at an interest rate of LIBOR plus a range of 1.5% to 2.75% depending on the loan to value ratio and collateral pledged, with interest-only payments due monthly, with a commitment fee of 0.0375% of the average undrawn balance payable quarterly | — | — | ||||||
$47.5 million secured credit facility secured by 1 hotel property, revolving period through October 11, 2006, matures October 10, 2007, at an interest rate of LIBOR plus 1.0% to 1.5% depending on the outstanding balance through the revolving period and LIBOR plus 2% thereafter, with interest-only payments due monthly | 30,000 | 45,000 | ||||||
Mortgage note payable secured by one hotel property, matures April 1, 2011, at an interest rate of the average weekly yield for 30-day commercial paper plus 3.4%, with principal and interest payments due monthly, with the principal portion escalating from approximately $15,000 to approximately $53,000 by maturity | — | 11,348 | ||||||
Total | $ | 802,450 | $ | 908,623 | ||||
At June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, LIBOR was 5.33% and 4.39%, respectively.
On January 31, 2006, the Company paid-off its $60.0 million balance outstanding on its $100.0 million credit facility, due August 17, 2008. On February 27, 2006 and April 18, 2006, the Company completed draws of approximately $10.0 million and $88.9 million, respectively, on this credit facility. On June 28, 2006, the Company paid down this credit facility by approximately $25.0 million. As of June 30, 2006, approximately $73.9 million was outstanding on this credit facility.
On February 9, 2006, the Company paid down its $45.0 million mortgage loan, due October 10, 2007, at an interest rate of LIBOR plus 2%, to $100. On April 3, 2006, the Company modified this mortgage note payable to a $47.5 million revolving credit facility, with a revolving period through October 11, 2006, maturity remaining October 10, 2007, and interest rates during the revolving period
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ranging from LIBOR plus 1% to LIBOR plus 1.5% depending on the outstanding balance. After the revolving period expires, the interest rate resumes its original rate of LIBOR plus 2%. Consistent with the original mortgage, the modified credit facility requires monthly interest-only payments and has three one-year extension options. On April 18, 2006 and June 6, 2006, the Company completed draws of approximately $15.0 million and $15.0 million, respectively, on this credit facility, which generated a $30.0 million outstanding balance as of June 30, 2006.
On March 24, 2006, in connection with the sale of eight hotel properties for approximately $100.4 million, net of closing costs, the buyer assumed approximately $93.7 million of mortgage debt, which had an interest rate of 5.32% and matured July 1, 2015. This reduced the Company’s $580.8 million mortgage note payable outstanding at December 31, 2005, secured by 40 hotels, with an average interest rate of 5.4%, to $487.1 million outstanding at June 30, 2006, secured by 32 hotels, with an average interest rate of 5.41%. In connection with the buyer’s assumption of this debt, the Company wrote-off unamortized loan costs of approximately $687,000.
On May 30, 2006, the Company repaid its then outstanding $11.1 million balance on its mortgage note payable, due April 1, 2011, which resulted in the write-off of unamortized loan costs of approximately $102,000.
9. Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
On October 28, 2005, the Company purchased a 7.0% LIBOR interest rate cap with a $45.0 million notional amount, which matures October 15, 2007, to limit its exposure to rising interest rates on $45.0 million of its variable-rate debt. The Company designated the $45.0 million cap as a cash flow hedge of its exposure to changes in interest rates on a corresponding amount of variable-rate debt.
As of June 30, 2006, no derivatives were designated as fair value hedges or hedges of net investments in foreign operations. Additionally, the Company does not use derivatives for trading or speculative purposes, and currently does not have any derivatives that are not designated as hedges.
As of June 30, 2006, derivatives with a fair value of approximately $1,400 were included in other assets, and derivatives with a fair value of $0 were included in other liabilities. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2006, the change in accumulated other comprehensive income of approximately ($349,000) and ($712,000), respectively, for derivatives designated as cash flow hedges is separately disclosed in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, the change in accumulated other comprehensive income of approximately ($754,000) and $232,000, respectively, for derivatives designated as cash flow hedges is separately disclosed in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. For both the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, no hedge ineffectiveness was recognized.
Amounts reported in accumulated other comprehensive income related to derivatives will be reclassified to interest expense as interest payments are made on the Company’s variable-rate debt. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2006, the change in accumulated other comprehensive income reflects a reclassification of approximately $349,000 and $711,000, respectively, from accumulated other comprehensive income to reduce interest expense. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, the change in accumulated other comprehensive income reflects a reclassification of approximately $201,000 and $277,000, respectively, from accumulated other comprehensive income to reduce interest expense. During the next twelve months, the Company estimates that approximately $662,000 will be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income existing at June 30, 2006 to reduce interest expense.
10. Employee Stock Grants
On March 28, 2006, the Company issued 642,557 shares of restricted common stock to its executive officers and certain employees of the Company and its affiliates. Such shares vest over three years.
On May 2, 2006, the Company issued 16,000 shares of common stock to its directors as compensation for serving on the Board of Directors through May 2007. Such shares vested immediately.
During the six months ended June 30, 2006, 2,225 unvested shares of restricted common stock were forfeited.
All shares issued under the Company’s Stock Plan are charged to compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting period based on the Company’s stock price on the date of each issuance. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2006, the Company recognized compensation expense of approximately $1.8 million and $2.7 million, respectively, related to these shares. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, the Company recognized compensation expense of approximately $912,000 and $1.5 million, respectively, related to these shares. As of June 30, 2006, the value of the Company’s unvested shares of restricted stock was approximately $10.3 million, with an average remaining vesting period of approximately 1.29 years.
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The following table summarizes information regarding the Company’s Stock Plan:
Weighted Average | ||||||||
Share Count | Grant Price | |||||||
Unvested shares at December 31, 2005 | 685,553 | $ | 9.77 | |||||
Shares granted on March 28, 2006 | 642,557 | 12.47 | ||||||
Shares granted on May 2, 2006 | 16,000 | 11.61 | ||||||
Shares forfeited on June 14, 2006 | (2,225 | ) | 12.22 | |||||
Shares vested during the six months ended June 30, 2006 | (162,490 | ) | 10.25 | |||||
Unvested shares at June 30, 2006 | 1,179,395 | $ | 11.19 | |||||
11. Capital Stock
Preferred Stock- In accordance with the Company’s charter, the Company is authorized to issue 50 million shares of preferred stock, which currently includes both Series A cumulative preferred stock and Series B cumulative convertible redeemable preferred stock.
Common Stock- On January 25, 2006, in a follow-on public offering, the Company issued 12,107,623 shares of its common stock at $11.15 per share, which generated gross proceeds of approximately $135.0 million. However, the aggregate proceeds to the Company, net of underwriters’ discount and offering costs, was approximately $128.1 million. The 12,107,623 shares issued include 1,507,623 shares sold pursuant to an over-allotment option granted to the underwriters. The net proceeds were used for a $60.0 million pay-down on the Company’s $100.0 million credit facility, due August 17, 2008, on January 31, 2006, a $45.0 million pay-down on the Company’s $45.0 million mortgage loan, due October 10, 2007, on February 9, 2006, and the acquisition of the Marriott at Research Triangle Park hotel property on February 24, 2006 for $28.0 million.
On February 15, 2006, the Company filed a Form S-3 related to the registration of up to $700.0 million of securities for potential future issuance, including common stock, preferred stock, debt, and warrants.
Common Stock Dividends— During the six months ended June 30, 2006, the Company has declared cash dividends of approximately $27.1 million, or $0.20 per diluted share, related to both common stockholders and common unit holders, of which approximately $22.8 million and $4.3 million related to each, respectively.
Series A Preferred Stock Dividends— During the six months ended June 30, 2006, the Company declared cash dividends of approximately $2.5 million, or $0.5344 per diluted share, related to Series A preferred stockholders.
Series B Preferred Stock Dividends— During the six months ended June 30, 2006, the Company declared cash dividends of approximately $3.0 million, or $0.20 per diluted share, related to Series B preferred stockholders.
12. Minority Interest
Minority interest in the operating partnership represents the limited partners’ proportionate share of the equity in the operating partnership. Net income (loss) is allocated to minority interest based on the weighted average limited partnership percentage ownership throughout the period. Upon formation of the Company on August 29, 2003, and subsequent exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option on September 26, 2003, the Company issued 5,657,917 units of limited partnership interest to affiliates. During the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2005, the Company issued 440,008 and 4,994,150 units of limited partnership interest, respectively, in connection with acquisitions of hotel properties. During the six months ended June 30, 2006, the Company issued 773,346 shares of common stock in exchange for 773,346 units of limited partnership interest.
As of June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, these units of limited partnership interest represent a 15.24% and 20.2% minority interest ownership, respectively. Beginning one year after issuance, each common unit of limited partnership interest may be redeemed for either cash or one share of the Company’s common stock at the Company’s discretion.
13. Related Party Transactions
Under management agreements with related parties owned by the Company’s Chairman and its Chief Executive Officer, the Company pays such related parties a) monthly property management fees equal to the greater of $10,000 (CPI adjusted) or 3% of gross revenues as well as annual incentive management fees, if certain operational criteria are met, b) market service fees on the approved capital improvements, including project management fees of up to 4% of project costs, and c) other reimbursements as approved by the Company’s independent directors. As of June 30, 2006, these related parties managed 29 of the Company’s 72 hotels while unaffiliated management companies managed the remaining 43 hotel properties.
Under agreements with both related parties and unaffiliated hotel managers, the Company incurred property management fees, including incentive property management fees, of approximately $6.2 million and $12.0 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006, respectively, and approximately $3.2 million and $4.7 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, respectively. Incentive property management fees are included in indirect expenses on the consolidated statements of operations.
Regarding the $6.2 million incurred for the three months ended June 30, 2006, approximately $2.5 million and $3.7 million relates to related parties and third parties, respectively. Regarding the $12.0 million incurred for the six months ended June 30, 2006,
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approximately $4.6 million and $7.4 million relates to related parties and third parties, respectively.
Regarding the $3.2 million incurred for the three months ended June 30, 2005, approximately $2.4 million and $718,000 relates to related parties and third parties, respectively. Regarding the $4.7 million incurred for the six months ended June 30, 2005, approximately $3.3 million and $1.3 million relates to related parties and third parties, respectively.
Under these agreements with related parties, the Company also incurred market service and project management fees related to capital improvement projects of approximately $1.1 million and $2.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006, respectively, and approximately $797,000 and $968,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, respectively.
In addition, these related parties fund certain corporate general and administrative expenses on behalf of the Company, including rent, payroll, office supplies, travel, and accounting. The related parties allocate such charges to the Company based on various methodologies, including headcount and actual amounts incurred. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2006, such costs were approximately $1.0 million and $2.0 million, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, such costs were approximately $845,000 and $1.4 million, respectively.
Management agreements with related parties include exclusivity clauses that require the Company to engage such related parties, unless the Company’s independent directors either (i) unanimously vote to hire a different manager or developer or (ii) by a majority vote elect not to engage such related party because special circumstances exist or, based on the related party’s prior performance, it is believed that another manager or developer could materially improve the performance of the duties.
14. Commitments and Contingencies
Restricted Cash- Under certain management and debt agreements existing at June 30, 2006, the Company escrows payments required for insurance, real estate taxes, and debt service. In addition, for certain properties with underlying debt, the Company escrows 4% to 6% of gross revenue for capital improvements.
Franchise Fees- Under franchise agreements existing at June 30, 2006, the Company pays franchisors royalty fees between 2.5% and 6% of gross room revenue, and fees for marketing, reservations, and other related activities aggregating between 1% and 3.75% of gross room revenue. These franchise agreements expire from 2011 through 2024. When a franchise term expires, the franchisor has no obligation to renew the franchise. A franchise termination could have a material adverse effect on the operations or the underlying value of the affected hotel due to the loss of associated name recognition, marketing support, and centralized reservation systems provided by the franchisor. A franchise termination could also have a material adverse effect on cash available for distribution to stockholders. In addition, if the Company terminates a franchise prior to its expiration date, the Company may be required to pay up to three times the average annual franchise fees incurred for that property.
Management Fees- Under management agreements existing at June 30, 2006, the Company pays a) monthly property management fees equal to the greater of $10,000 (CPI adjusted) or 3% of gross revenues, or in some cases 3% to 7% of gross revenues, as well as an annual incentive management fee, if applicable, b) market service fees on the approved capital improvements, including project management fees of up to 4% of project costs, for certain hotels, and c) other general fees at current market rates as approved by the Company’s independent directors. These management agreements expire from 2006 through 2026, with renewal options on agreements with related parties of up to 25 additional years. In addition, if the Company terminates a management agreement related to any of its initial properties prior to its expiration due to sale of the property, it may be required to pay all estimated management fees due under the management agreement’s remaining term. This termination fee may be avoided in certain circumstances by substitution of a similar property. If the Company terminates a management agreement related to any of its hotels for reasons other than sale of the property, it may be required to pay estimated management fees ranging from one to six years from the termination date or substitute a new management agreement related to a different hotel.
Litigation- The Company is currently subject to litigation arising in the normal course of its business. In the opinion of management, none of these lawsuits or claims against the Company, either individually or in the aggregate, is likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations, or financial condition. In addition, management believes the Company has adequate insurance in place to cover any such significant litigation.
15. Supplemental Cash Flow Information
During the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, interest paid was approximately $22.3 million and $9.1 million, respectively.
During the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, income taxes paid were approximately $46,000 and $703,000, respectively.
During the six months ended June 30, 2006, the Company recorded the following non-cash transactions: a) on March 24, 2006, in connection with the sale of eight hotel properties, the buyer assumed approximately $93.7 million of the Company’s mortgage debt, b) on March 28, 2006, the Company issued 642,557 shares of restricted common stock to its executives and certain employees of the Company and its affiliates, c) on May 2, 2006, the Company issued 16,000 shares of common stock to its directors, and d) during the six months ended June 30, 2006, the Company issued 773,346 shares of common stock in exchange for 773,346 units of limited partnership interest.
During the six months ended June 30, 2005, the Company recorded the following non-cash transactions: a) on March 16, 2005, the Company assumed approximately $164.7 million in mortgage debt related to the acquisition of a 21-property hotel portfolio and recognized a debt premium of approximately $5.7 million, b) on March 16, 2005, the Company issued 4,994,150 units of limited partnership interest related to the acquisition of a 21-property hotel portfolio, c) on March 24, 2005, the Company issued 372,400
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shares of restricted common stock to its executives and certain employees, d) on March 30, 2005, in connection with the early extinguishment of debt, the Company wrote-off the related portion of the debt premium of approximately $1.4 million, e) on May 12, 2005, the Company issued 10,000 shares of common stock to its directors, and f) on June 15, 2005, the Company sold a financial institution 6,454,816 shares of Series B cumulative convertible redeemable preferred stock and recognized a preferred dividend of approximately $1.0 million related to the difference in the market value of the Company’s common stock and the $10.07 preferred stock conversion price on June 6, 2005, which represents the date at which the Company notified the financial institution of its intention to exercise its option to sell the preferred stock.
16. Segments Reporting
The Company presently operates in two business segments within the hotel lodging industry: direct hotel investments and hotel financing. Direct hotel investments refers to owning hotels through either acquisition or new development. Hotel financing refers to owning subordinate hotel-related mortgages through acquisition or origination. The Company does not allocate corporate-level accounts to its operating segments, including corporate general and administrative expenses, non-operating interest income, interest expense, provision for income taxes, and minority interest.
For the three months ended June 30, 2006, financial information related to the Company’s reportable segments was as follows (in thousands):
Direct Hotel | Hotel | |||||||||||||||
Investments | Financing | Corporate | Consolidated | |||||||||||||
Total revenues | $ | 123,223 | $ | 3,920 | $ | — | $ | 127,143 | ||||||||
Operating expenses | 84,041 | — | — | 84,041 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 12,374 | — | — | 12,374 | ||||||||||||
Loss on reclassification of discontinued to continuing | 863 | — | — | 863 | ||||||||||||
Corporate general and administrative | — | — | 5,339 | 5,339 | ||||||||||||
Operating income (loss) | 25,945 | 3,920 | (5,339 | ) | 24,526 | |||||||||||
Interest income | — | — | 566 | 566 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense | — | — | (11,330 | ) | (11,330 | ) | ||||||||||
Amortization of loan costs | — | — | (461 | ) | (461 | ) | ||||||||||
Write-off of loan costs and exit fees | — | — | (102 | ) | (102 | ) | ||||||||||
Income (loss) before minority interest and benefit from income taxes | 25,945 | 3,920 | (16,666 | ) | 13,199 | |||||||||||
Provision for income taxes | — | — | (85 | ) | (85 | ) | ||||||||||
Minority interest | — | — | (2,091 | ) | (2,091 | ) | ||||||||||
Net income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | 25,945 | $ | 3,920 | $ | (18,842 | ) | $ | 11,023 | |||||||
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For the three months ended June 30, 2005, financial information related to the Company’s reportable segments was as follows (in thousands):
Direct Hotel | Hotel | |||||||||||||||
Investments | Financing | Corporate | Consolidated | |||||||||||||
Total revenues | $ | 78,198 | $ | 3,114 | $ | — | $ | 81,312 | ||||||||
Operating expenses | 55,462 | — | — | 55,462 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 5,849 | — | — | 5,849 | ||||||||||||
Corporate general and administrative | — | — | 3,224 | 3,224 | ||||||||||||
Operating income (loss) | 16,887 | 3,114 | (3,224 | ) | 16,777 | |||||||||||
Interest income | — | — | 180 | 180 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense | — | — | (6,750 | ) | (6,750 | ) | ||||||||||
Amortization of loan costs | — | — | (1,040 | ) | (1,040 | ) | ||||||||||
Income (loss) before minority interest and provision for income taxes | 16,887 | 3,114 | (10,834 | ) | 9,167 | |||||||||||
Provision for income taxes | — | — | (219 | ) | (219 | ) | ||||||||||
Minority interest | — | — | (1,890 | ) | (1,890 | ) | ||||||||||
Net income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | 16,887 | $ | 3,114 | $ | (12,943 | ) | $ | 7,058 | |||||||
Income from discontinued operations, net | 6 | |||||||||||||||
Net income | $ | 7,064 | ||||||||||||||
For the six months ended June 30, 2006, financial information related to the Company’s reportable segments was as follows (in thousands):
Direct Hotel | Hotel | |||||||||||||||
Investments | Financing | Corporate | Consolidated | |||||||||||||
Total revenues | $ | 231,692 | $ | 7,866 | $ | — | $ | 239,558 | ||||||||
Operating expenses | 161,021 | — | — | 161,021 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 23,308 | — | — | 23,308 | ||||||||||||
Loss on reclassification of discontinued to continuing | 863 | — | — | 863 | ||||||||||||
Corporate general and administrative | — | — | 10,149 | 10,149 | ||||||||||||
Operating income (loss) | 46,500 | 7,866 | (10,149 | ) | 44,217 | |||||||||||
Interest income | — | — | 1,060 | 1,060 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense | — | — | (22,766 | ) | (22,766 | ) | ||||||||||
Amortization of loan costs | — | — | (975 | ) | (975 | ) | ||||||||||
Write-off of loan costs | — | — | (788 | ) | (788 | ) | ||||||||||
Income (loss) before minority interest and provision for income taxes | 46,500 | 7,866 | (33,618 | ) | 20,748 | |||||||||||
Provision for income taxes | — | — | (269 | ) | (269 | ) | ||||||||||
Minority interest | — | — | (3,381 | ) | (3,381 | ) | ||||||||||
Net income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | 46,500 | $ | 7,866 | $ | (37,268 | ) | $ | 17,098 | |||||||
Income from discontinued operations, net | 1,387 | |||||||||||||||
Net income | $ | 18,485 | ||||||||||||||
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For the six months ended June 30, 2005, financial information related to the Company’s reportable segments was as follows (in thousands):
Direct Hotel | Hotel | |||||||||||||||
Investments | Financing | Corporate | Consolidated | |||||||||||||
Total revenues | $ | 124,610 | $ | 5,662 | $ | — | $ | 130,272 | ||||||||
Operating expenses | 88,198 | — | — | 88,198 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 10,140 | — | — | 10,140 | ||||||||||||
Corporate general and administrative | — | — | 6,523 | 6,523 | ||||||||||||
Operating income (loss) | 26,272 | 5,662 | (6,523 | ) | 25,411 | |||||||||||
Interest income | — | — | 457 | 457 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense | — | — | (10,774 | ) | (10,774 | ) | ||||||||||
Amortization of loan costs | — | — | (1,987 | ) | (1,987 | ) | ||||||||||
Write-off of loan costs | — | — | (151 | ) | (151 | ) | ||||||||||
Loss on debt extinguishment | — | — | (2,257 | ) | (2,257 | ) | ||||||||||
Income (loss) before minority interest and provision for income taxes | 26,272 | 5,662 | (21,235 | ) | 10,699 | |||||||||||
Benefit from income taxes | — | — | 22 | 22 | ||||||||||||
Minority interest | — | — | (2,194 | ) | (2,194 | ) | ||||||||||
Net income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | 26,272 | $ | 5,662 | $ | (23,407 | ) | $ | 8,527 | |||||||
Loss from discontinued operations, net | (12 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Net income | $ | 8,515 | ||||||||||||||
As of June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, aside from the Company’s $112.6 million and $108.3 million portfolio of notes receivable, respectively, all assets of the Company primarily relate to the direct hotel investments segment. In addition, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, all capital expenditures incurred by the Company relate to the direct hotel investments segment.
As of June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, all of the Company’s owned hotels are domestically located. In addition, at June 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, all hotels securing the Company’s notes receivable are domestically located with the exception of one hotel securing an $18.2 million loan receivable located in Nevis, West Indies.
17. Business Combinations
On March 16, 2005, the Company acquired 21 hotel properties and an office building from selling entities controlled by affiliates of Fisher Brothers, Gordon Getty Trust, and George Soros, which collectively owned approximately 78% of the acquired properties, and certain members of the Company’s senior management, which collectively owned approximately 22% of the acquired properties, for approximately $250.0 million. The $250.0 million purchase price consisted of approximately $35.0 million in cash, approximately $164.7 million in assumed mortgage debt, and approximately $50.3 million worth of limited partnership units, which equates to 4,994,150 units based on $10.07 per share, which represents the average market price of the Company’s common stock for the 20-day period ending five business days before executing a definitive agreement to acquire these properties on December 23, 2004. Company management received their net consideration in the form of limited partnership units, whereas the third parties received 50% of their consideration in limited partnership units and 50% in cash. The Company used proceeds from its sale of Series B cumulative convertible redeemable preferred stock on December 30, 2004, its follow-on public offering on January 20, 2005, and its $15.0 million draw on a credit facility on March 16, 2005 to fund the acquisition of these properties. In connection with this acquisition, the Company recognized intangible assets of approximately $1.3 million associated with existing tenant leases of the acquired office building, primarily representing market-rate adjustments, occupancy levels, customer relationships, and origination fees.
On March 22, 2005, the Company acquired the Hilton Santa Fe hotel property in Santa Fe, New Mexico, from Santa Fe Hotel Joint Venture for approximately $18.2 million in cash. The Company used proceeds from borrowings and its follow-on public offering on January 20, 2005 to fund this acquisition.
On June 17, 2005, the Company acquired a 30-property hotel portfolio from CNL Hotels and Resorts, Inc. for approximately $465.0 million in cash. To fund this acquisition, the Company used proceeds from several sources, including: a $370.0 million mortgage loan executed on June 17, 2005, approximately $65.0 million from the issuance of 6,454,816 shares of Series B convertible redeemable preferred stock to a financial institution on June 15, 2005, and cash remaining from its follow-on public offering on April 5, 2005.
On October 28, 2005, the Company acquired the Hyatt Dulles hotel property in Herndon, Virginia, from Dulles Airport, LLC for approximately $72.5 million in cash. The Company used proceeds from borrowings to fund this acquisition, including a portion of its $210.8 million mortgage loan executed on October 13, 2005 and its $45.0 million mortgage loan executed on October 28, 2005.
On February 24, 2006, the Company acquired the Marriott at Research Triangle Park hotel property in Durham, North Carolina, from Host Marriott Corporation for approximately $28.0 million in cash. The Company used proceeds from its sale of two hotels on
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January 17, 2006 and its follow-on public offering on January 25, 2006 to fund this acquisition.
On April 19, 2006, the Company acquired the Pan Pacific San Francisco Hotel in San Francisco, California, from W2001 Pac Realty, L.L.C. for approximately $95.0 million in cash and immediately re-branded the property as a JW Marriott. The Company used proceeds from two credit facility draws of approximately $88.9 million and $15.0 million to fund this acquisition. The Company expects to incur approximately $10.0 million to renovate and upgrade the property, none of which had been incurred as of June 30, 2006. In addition, Marriott contributed $5.0 million related to the re-branding of this property. The Company recorded this contribution as deferred incentive management fees, which is being amortized as a reduction to management fees on a straight-line basis over the term of the management agreement, which expires in 2026.
In connection with these acquisitions, the accompanying consolidated financial statements include the results of the acquired hotels since the acquisition dates, all purchase prices were the result of arms-length negotiations, the Company did not assign any value to goodwill or other intangible assets aside from the office building previously discussed, and purchase price allocations related to certain acquisitions completed within the last year are preliminary subject to further internal review and third-party appraisals.
The following unaudited pro forma statements of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005 are based on the historical consolidated financial statements of the Company adjusted to give effect to the completion of the aforementioned acquisitions and the related debt and equity offerings to fund these acquisitions as if such transactions occurred at the beginning of the periods presented (in thousands, except per share amounts):
Six Months | Six Months | |||||||
Ended | Ended | |||||||
June 30, 2006 | June 30, 2005 | |||||||
Total revenues | $ | 248,438 | $ | 226,959 | ||||
Operating expenses | 203,974 | 182,977 | ||||||
Operating income | 44,464 | 43,982 | ||||||
Interest income | 1,060 | 457 | ||||||
Interest expense and amortization and write-off of loan costs | (24,755 | ) | (24,116 | ) | ||||
Loss on debt extinguishment | — | (2,257 | ) | |||||
Income before minority interest and income taxes | 20,769 | 18,066 | ||||||
Provision for income taxes | (296 | ) | (524 | ) | ||||
Minority interest | (3,120 | ) | (2,673 | ) | ||||
Income from continuing operations | 17,353 | 14,869 | ||||||
Income from discontinued operations | 1,356 | (12 | ) | |||||
Income taxes related to discontinued operations | 31 | — | ||||||
Net income | 18,740 | 14,857 | ||||||
Preferred dividends | (6,470 | ) | (6,470 | ) | ||||
Net income available to common shareholders | $ | 12,270 | $ | 8,387 | ||||
Basic and diluted: | ||||||||
Income from continuing operations per share available to common shareholders | $ | 0.19 | $ | 0.15 | ||||
Income from discontinued operations per share | $ | 0.02 | $ | — | ||||
Net income per share available to common shareholders | $ | 0.22 | $ | 0.15 | ||||
Weighted average shares outstanding | 56,190 | 56,190 | ||||||
18. Subsequent Events
On July 13, 2006, the Company acquired the Marriott Crystal Gateway hotel in Arlington, Virginia, from EADS Associates Limited Partnership for approximately $107.2 million. The purchase price consisted of the assumption of approximately $53.3 million of mortgage debt, due December 1, 2017, at an interest rate of 7.24% through December 31, 2007 and 7.39% thereafter, the issuance of
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approximately $42.7 million worth of limited partnership units, which equates to 3,814,842 units valued at $11.20 per unit, approximately $2.5 million in cash paid in lieu of units, the reimbursement of capital expenditures costs of approximately $7.2 million, and other net closing costs and adjustments of approximately $1.5 million. The limited partnership units issued represent Class B units, with a fixed dividend rate of 6.82% in years 1-3 and 7.2% thereafter based on the $11.20 per unit price, and have priority in payment of cash dividends over holders of common units. After ten years, either party may convert these units to common units. In addition, the Company assumed the existing management agreement which expires in 2017 with three ten-year renewal options. The management agreement provides for a base management fee of 3% of the hotel’s gross revenues plus certain incentive management fees. Based on the Company’s review of this management agreement, the Company concluded that the terms are more favorable to the manager than a typical current market management agreement. Hence, the Company intends to record an unfavorable contract liability of approximately $15.8 million related to this management agreement as of the acquisition date, which will be amortized as a reduction to management fees on a straight-line basis over the initial term of the management agreement.
On July 14, 2006, the Company completed a $25.0 million draw on its $100.0 million credit facility, due August 17, 2008.
On July 21, 2006, the Company received approximately $15.2 million in full payment of all principal and interest due under its $15.0 million loan receivable, due April 2007.
On July 25, 2006, in a follow-on public offering, the Company issued 14,950,000 shares of its common stock at $11.40 per share, which generated gross proceeds of approximately $170.4 million. However, the aggregate proceeds to the Company, net of underwriters’ discount and offering costs, was approximately $162.7 million. The 14,950,000 shares issued include 1,950,000 shares sold pursuant to an over-allotment option granted to the underwriters. On July 25, 2006, the net proceeds were used to pay down the Company’s $30.0 million balance on its $47.5 million credit facility, due October 10, 2007, and pay down its $98.9 million balance on its $100.0 million credit facility, due August 17, 2008.
On July 26, 2006, the Company modified its $47.5 million credit facility, due October 10, 2007, to extend both the revolving period and maturity date by one year to October 11, 2007 and October 10, 2008, respectively.
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS:
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere herein. This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws. Ashford Hospitality Trust, Inc. (the “Company” or “we” or “our” or “us”) cautions investors that any forward-looking statements presented herein, or which management may express orally or in writing from time to time, are based on management’s beliefs and assumptions at that time. Throughout this report, words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “might,” “plan,” “estimate,” “project,” “should,” “will,” “result,” and other similar expressions, which do not relate solely to historical matters, are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Such statements are subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions and are not guarantees of future performance, which may be affected by known and unknown risks, trends, uncertainties, and factors beyond our control. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those anticipated, estimated, or projected. We caution investors that while forward-looking statements reflect our good-faith beliefs at the time such statements are made, said statements are not guarantees of future performance and are affected by actual events that occur after such statements are made. We expressly disclaim any responsibility to update forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise. Accordingly, investors should use caution in relying on past forward-looking statements, which were based on results and trends at the time those statements were made, to anticipate future results or trends.
Some risks and uncertainties that may cause our actual results, performance, or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements include, among others, those discussed in our Form 10-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 14, 2006. These risks and uncertainties continue to be relevant to our performance and financial condition. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment where new risk factors emerge from time to time. It is not possible for management to predict all such risk factors, nor can it assess the impact of all such risk factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. Given these risks and uncertainties, investors should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements as predictions of actual results.
EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW:
We are a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) that commenced operations upon completion of our initial public offering (“IPO”) and related formation transactions on August 29, 2003. As of June 30, 2006, we owned 72 hotels and approximately $112.6 million of mezzanine or first-mortgage loans receivable. Six of these hotels were contributed upon our formation, nine of these hotels were acquired in the fourth quarter of 2003, 18 of these hotels were acquired during 2004, 37 of these hotels were acquired during 2005, and two of these hotels were acquired in the first six months of 2006 (one hotel acquired in each of the first and second quarters).
The 25 non-comparative hotel properties acquired since March 31, 2005 that are included in continuing operations contributed approximately $39.2 million and $9.3 million to our total revenue and operating income, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2006, and zero to our total revenue and operating income for the three months ended June 30, 2005. The 39 non-comparative hotel properties acquired since December 31, 2004 that are included in continuing operations contributed approximately $137.3 million and $28.7 million to our total revenue and operating income, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2006, and approximately $37.2 million and $8.6 million to our total revenue and operating income, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2005.
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Based on our primary business objectives and forecasted operating conditions, our key priorities or financial strategies include, among other things:
• | acquiring hotels with a favorable current yield with an opportunity for appreciation, | ||
• | implementing selective capital improvements designed to increase profitability, | ||
• | directing our hotel managers to minimize operating costs and increase revenues, | ||
• | originating or acquiring mezzanine loans, and | ||
• | other investments that our Board of Directors deems appropriate. |
Throughout 2005 and the first half of 2006, strong economic growth in the United States economy combined with improved business demand generated strong RevPar growth throughout the lodging industry. For the remainder of 2006, forecasts for the lodging industry continue to be favorable.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS:
Marriott International, Inc. (“Marriott”) manages 23 of the Company’s properties. For these 23 Marriott-managed hotels, the fiscal year reflects twelve weeks of operations for the first three quarters of the year and sixteen weeks for the fourth quarter of the year. Therefore, in any given quarterly period, period-over-period results will have different ending dates. For these 23 Marriott-managed hotels, the second quarter of 2006 ended on June 16.
RevPAR is a commonly used measure within the hotel industry to evaluate hotel operations. RevPAR is defined as the product of the average daily room rate (“ADR”) charged and the average daily occupancy achieved. RevPAR does not include revenues from food and beverage or parking, telephone, or other guest services generated by the property. Although RevPAR does not include these ancillary revenues, it is generally considered the leading indicator of core revenues for many hotels. We also use RevPAR to compare the results of our hotels between periods and to analyze results of our comparable hotels. RevPAR improvements attributable to increases in occupancy are generally accompanied by increases in most categories of variable operating costs. RevPAR improvements attributable to increases in ADR are generally accompanied by increases in limited categories of operating costs, such as management fees and franchise fees.
The following table illustrates the key performance indicators for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005 for the 47 and 33 hotel properties included in continuing operations that we’ve owned throughout the comparative three and six months periods presented, respectively (unaudited):
Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
June 30, | June 30, | |||||||||||||||
2006 | 2005 | 2006 | 2005 | |||||||||||||
Comparative Hotels (47 and 33 properties for quarter and year-to-date comparative periods, respectively): | ||||||||||||||||
Room revenues (in thousands) | $ | 64,573 | $ | 59,564 | $ | 76,112 | $ | 69,403 | ||||||||
RevPar | $ | 87.38 | $ | 78.43 | $ | 82.58 | $ | 75.27 | ||||||||
Occupancy | 77.82 | % | 74.39 | % | 75.87 | % | 72.44 | % | ||||||||
ADR | $ | 112.28 | $ | 105.43 | $ | 108.84 | $ | 103.91 |
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The following table reflects key line items from our consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005 (in thousands, unaudited):
Three Months | Three Months | Favorable (Unfavorable) | ||||||||||
Ended | Ended | Change | ||||||||||
June 30, 2006 | June 30, 2005 | 2005 to 2006 | ||||||||||
Total revenue | $ | 127,143 | $ | 81,312 | $ | 45,831 | ||||||
Total hotel expenses | 77,435 | 51,584 | (25,851 | ) | ||||||||
Property taxes, insurance, and other | 6,606 | 3,878 | (2,728 | ) | ||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 12,374 | 5,849 | (6,525 | ) | ||||||||
Loss on reclassification from discontinued to continuing | 863 | — | (863 | ) | ||||||||
Corporate general and administrative | 5,339 | 3,224 | (2,115 | ) | ||||||||
Operating income | 24,526 | 16,777 | 7,749 | |||||||||
Interest income | 566 | 180 | 386 | |||||||||
Interest expense | (11,330 | ) | (6,750 | ) | (4,580 | ) | ||||||
Amortization of loan costs | (461 | ) | (1,040 | ) | 579 | |||||||
Write-off of loan costs and exit fees | (102 | ) | — | (102 | ) | |||||||
Loss on debt extinguishment | — | — | — | |||||||||
Provision for income taxes | (85 | ) | (219 | ) | 134 | |||||||
Minority interest | (2,091 | ) | (1,890 | ) | (201 | ) | ||||||
Income from discontinued operations, net | — | 6 | (6 | ) | ||||||||
Net income | $ | 11,023 | $ | 7,064 | $ | 3,959 |
The following table reflects key line items from our consolidated statements of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005 (in thousands, unaudited):
Six Months | Six Months | Favorable (Unfavorable) | ||||||||||
Ended | Ended | Change | ||||||||||
June 30, 2006 | June 30, 2005 | 2005 to 2006 | ||||||||||
Total revenue | $ | 239,558 | $ | 130,272 | $ | 109,286 | ||||||
Total hotel expenses | 148,573 | 81,747 | (66,826 | ) | ||||||||
Property taxes, insurance, and other | 12,448 | 6,451 | (5,997 | ) | ||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 23,308 | 10,140 | (13,168 | ) | ||||||||
Loss on reclassification from discontinued to continuing | 863 | — | (863 | ) | ||||||||
Corporate general and administrative | 10,149 | 6,523 | (3,626 | ) | ||||||||
Operating income | 44,217 | 25,411 | 18,806 | |||||||||
Interest income | 1,060 | 457 | 603 | |||||||||
Interest expense | (22,766 | ) | (10,774 | ) | (11,992 | ) | ||||||
Amortization of loan costs | (975 | ) | (1,987 | ) | 1,012 | |||||||
Write-off of loan costs and exit fees | (788 | ) | (151 | ) | (637 | ) | ||||||
Loss on debt extinguishment | — | (2,257 | ) | 2,257 | ||||||||
(Provision for) benefit from income taxes | (269 | ) | 22 | (291 | ) | |||||||
Minority interest | (3,381 | ) | (2,194 | ) | (1,187 | ) | ||||||
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net | 1,387 | (12 | ) | 1,399 | ||||||||
Net income | $ | 18,485 | $ | 8,515 | $ | 9,970 |
Comparison of the Three Months Ended June 30, 2006 and June 30, 2005
Revenue. Total revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2006 increased approximately $45.8 million or 56.4% to approximately $127.1 million from total revenue of approximately $81.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2005. The increase was primarily due to approximately $39.2 million in incremental revenues attributable to the 25 hotel properties acquired since March 31, 2005 that are included in continuing operations, approximately $806,000 increase in interest income earned on the Company’s $112.6 million mezzanine loans receivable portfolio, which represents an increase in the portfolio of approximately $31.1 million since March 31, 2005, and approximately $5.8 million increase in revenues for comparable hotels, primarily due to increases in room revenues.
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Room revenues at comparable hotels for the three months ended June 30, 2006 increased approximately $5.0 million or 8.4% compared to the same quarter of 2005, primarily due to an increase in RevPar from $78.43 to $87.38, which consisted of a 6.5% increase in ADR and a 4.6% increase in occupancy. Due to the continued recovery in the economy and consistent with industry trends, several hotels experienced increases in both ADR and occupancy. In addition to improved market conditions, certain hotels also benefited from the following:
• | renovations were completed at several hotels in 2005, which generated increased occupancy in 2006 as rooms previously under renovations became available, | ||
• | certain hotels were successful in increasing or garnering more favorable group room-night contracts in 2006, and |
Food and beverage revenues at comparable hotels for the three months ended June 30, 2006 increased approximately $406,000 or 2.8% compared to the second quarter of 2005 due to the overall increase in occupancy. This increase was partially offset by a significant decline in banquets revenues at the Hyatt Anaheim hotel due to large banquets booked in the second quarter of 2005 that did not repeat in the second quarter of 2006.
Other revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the same period of 2005 increased approximately $1.4 million or 37.8% due an increase at comparable hotels of approximately $428,000 or 11.7%, primarily resulting from increases in occupancy, and an increase of approximately $960,000 related to incremental revenues attributable to the 39 hotel properties acquired since December 31, 2004 that are included in continuing operations.
Interest income from notes receivable increased to approximately $3.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to approximately $3.1 million for the second quarter of 2005 due to the mezzanine loans receivable portfolio of approximately $112.6 million at June 30, 2006, an increase in the portfolio of approximately $31.1 million since March 31, 2005, and an increase in interest rates.
Asset management fees were approximately $318,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to approximately $310,000 for the second quarter of 2005. Asset management fees relate to 27 hotel properties owned by affiliates for which the Company provided asset management and consulting services. The Company acquired 21 of these hotel properties from said affiliates on March 16, 2005, and the affiliates have subsequently sold five of the remaining six hotel properties. However, the affiliates, pursuant to an agreement, will continue to guarantee a minimum annual fee of approximately $1.2 million through December 31, 2008.
Hotel Operating Expenses. Hotel operating expenses, which consists of room expense, food and beverage expense, other direct expenses, indirect expenses, and management fees, increased approximately $25.9 million or 50.1% for the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the second quarter of 2005, primarily due to approximately $22.9 million of expenses associated with the 25 hotel properties acquired since March 31, 2005 that are included in continuing operations. In addition, hotel operating expenses at comparable hotels experienced an increase of approximately $3.0 million or 5.8% for the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the second quarter of 2005 primarily due to increases in rooms, food and beverage, and indirect expenses.
Rooms expense at comparable hotels increased approximately $701,000 or 5.4% for the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the second quarter of 2005 primarily due to increased occupancy at most hotels and virtually flat costs at hotels experiencing comparable occupancy due to the fixed nature of maintaining staff. Food and beverage expense at comparable hotels for the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the second quarter of 2005 also increased, which is consistent with the increase in food and beverage revenues at most hotels and the overall increase in occupancy. Indirect expenses at comparable hotels increased approximately $1.4 million or 5.8% for the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the second quarter of 2005. Indirect expenses increased as a result of:
• | increased hotel-level general and administrative expenses due to increased salaries and staffing needs consistent with increased revenues, | ||
• | increased sales and marketing expenses due to increased room availability at certain hotels as a result of rooms undergoing renovations during the first quarter 2005, | ||
• | increased franchise fees due to increased room revenues at certain hotels in 2006, and | ||
• | increased energy costs due to increased utility rates. |
Property Taxes, Insurance, and Other. Property taxes, insurance, and other increased approximately $2.7 million or 70.3% for the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the second quarter of 2005 due to approximately $2.0 million of expenses associated with the 25 hotel properties acquired since March 31, 2005 that are included in continuing operations. Aside from additional costs incurred at these acquired hotels, property taxes, insurance, and other expense in the second quarter of 2006 increased approximately $682,000 when compared to the second quarter of 2005 primarily resulting from increased property insurance rates, primarily due to recent hurricanes, and increased property value tax assessments at certain hotels.
Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation and amortization increased approximately $6.5 million or 111.6% for the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the second quarter of 2005 primarily due to approximately $4.9 million of depreciation associated with the 25 hotel properties acquired since March 31, 2005 that are included in continuing operations. Aside from these additional hotels acquired, depreciation and amortization increased approximately $1.7 million in the second quarter of 2006 compared to the second quarter of 2005 as a result of capital improvements made at several comparative hotels since the first quarter of 2005.
Loss on Reclassification from Discontinued to Continuing. Subsequent to March 31, 2006, Company management made a strategic decision to discontinue further sales efforts related to seven hotels acquired on June 17, 2005 that had been classified as discontinued
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operations. Consequently, the Company reclassified such assets and operating results back to continuing operations as of June 30, 2006 and for the three and six month periods then ended. Regarding these seven hotels, the Company recorded such assets in investment in hotel properties at approximately $38.9 million, which represents the carrying value of such assets (net of depreciation not recognized while said assets were held for sale of approximately $863,000), which is lower than such assets’ estimated fair values.
Corporate General and Administrative. Corporate general and administrative expense increased to approximately $5.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2006 compared to approximately $3.2 million for the second quarter of 2005 primarily due to overall company growth and an increase in non-cash expenses associated with stock-based compensation from approximately $912,000 in the second quarter of 2005 compared to approximately $1.8 million in the second quarter of 2006. As a percentage of total revenue, however, corporate general and administrative expense remained flat at approximately 4.2% and 4.0% during the second quarters of 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Operating Income. Operating income increased approximately $7.7 million to approximately $24.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2006 from approximately $16.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2005 as result of the aforementioned operating results.
Interest Income. Interest income increased approximately $386,000 from approximately $180,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2005 to approximately $566,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2006 primarily due to interest earned on funds received from borrowings and equity offerings during the second quarter of 2006 in excess of interest earned on funds received from borrowings and equity offerings during the second quarter of 2005.
Interest Expense and Amortization of Loan Costs. Interest expense and amortization of loan costs increased approximately $4.0 million from approximately $7.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2005 to approximately $11.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2006. The increase in interest expense and amortization of loan costs is associated with the higher average debt balance over the course of the two comparative periods and increased interest rates.
Write-off of Loan Costs and Exit Fees. On May 30, 2006, the Company repaid its then outstanding $11.1 million balance on its mortgage note payable, due April 1, 2011, which resulted in the write-off of unamortized loan costs of approximately $102,000. During the three months ended June 30, 2005, there were no write-offs of loan costs or exit fees.
Provision for Income Taxes.As a REIT, the Company generally will not be subject to federal corporate income tax on the portion of its net income that does not relate to taxable REIT subsidiaries. However, the Company leases each of its hotel properties to Ashford TRS, which is treated as a taxable REIT subsidiary for federal income tax purposes. For the three months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, the provision for income taxes of approximately $85,000 and $219,000, respectively, relates to the net income associated with Ashford TRS.
Minority Interest. Minority interest represents a reduction to net income of approximately $2.1 million and $1.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Upon formation of the Company on August 29, 2003, minority interest in the operating partnership was established to represent the limited partners’ proportionate share of the equity in the operating partnership. Net income (loss) is allocated to minority interest based on the weighted-average limited partnership percentage ownership throughout the period.
Income from Continuing Operations.Income from continuing operations was approximately $11.0 million and $7.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively, which represents an increase of approximately $4.0 million as a result of the aforementioned operating results.
Income from Discontinued Operations, Net. On March 16, 2005, the Company acquired 21 hotel properties for approximately $250.0 million. Soon thereafter, the Company made a strategic commitment to sell eight of these properties, six of which were sold in the second quarter of 2005. On January 17, 2006, the Company sold the remaining two properties. Operating results related to these eight hotel properties during the periods such hotels were owned are included in income from discontinued operations for the three months ended June 30, 2005. No properties were classified as discontinued operations for the three months ended June 30, 2006. In addition, no significant gain or loss or adverse tax consequences resulted from the sales of these properties.
Net Income. Net income was approximately $11.0 million and $7.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively, which represents an increase of approximately $4.0 million as a result of the aforementioned operating results.
Preferred Dividends. During the three months ended June 30, 2006, the Company declared cash dividends of approximately $1.2 million, or $0.5344 per diluted share, for Series A preferred stockholders, and approximately $1.5 million, or $0.20 per diluted share, for Series B preferred stockholders. During the three months ended June 30, 2005, the Company declared cash dividends of approximately $1.2 million and $364,000, for Series A preferred stockholders and Series B preferred stockholders, respectively. In addition, on June 15, 2005, the Company sold a financial institution its remaining 6,454,816 shares of Series B cumulative convertible redeemable preferred stock for approximately $65.0 million, or $10.07 per share. In connection with this sale, the Company recognized a non-cash preferred dividend of approximately $1.0 million related to the difference in the market value of the Company’s common stock and the $10.07 conversion price on June 6, 2005, which represents the date at which the Company notified the financial institution of its intention to exercise its option to sell the preferred shares.
Net Income Available to Common Shareholders. Net income available to common shareholders was approximately $8.3 million and $4.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively, which represents an increase of approximately $3.9 million as a result of the aforementioned operating results and preferred dividends.
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Comparison of the Six Months Ended June 30, 2006 and June 30, 2005
Revenue. Total revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2006 increased approximately $109.3 million or 83.9% to approximately $239.6 million from total revenue of approximately $130.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2005. The increase was primarily due to approximately $100.1 million in incremental revenues attributable to the 39 hotel properties acquired since December 31, 2004 that are included in continuing operations, approximately $2.2 million increase in interest income earned on the Company’s $112.6 million mezzanine loans receivable portfolio, which represents an increase in the portfolio of approximately $32.9 million since December 31, 2004, and approximately $7.0 million increase in revenues for comparable hotels, primarily due to increases in room revenues.
Room revenues at comparable hotels for the six months ended June 30, 2006 increased approximately $6.7 million or 9.7% compared to the same period of 2005, primarily due to an increase in RevPar from $75.27 to $82.58, which consisted of a 4.7% increase in ADR and a 4.7% increase in occupancy. Due to the continued recovery in the economy and consistent with industry trends, several hotels experienced increases in both ADR and occupancy. In addition to improved market conditions, certain hotels also benefited from the following:
• | renovations were completed at several hotels in 2005, which generated increased occupancy in 2006 as rooms previously under renovations became available, | ||
• | certain hotels were successful in increasing or garnering more favorable group room-night contracts in 2006, and |
Food and beverage revenues at comparable hotels for the six months ended June 30, 2006 decreased approximately $14,000 or 0.1% compared to the same period of 2005 despite the overall increase in occupancy. This overall decrease primarily resulted from significant decreases at the Hyatt Anaheim hotel resulting from the cancellations of two large banquets in the first quarter of 2006 and large banquets booked in the second quarter of 2005 that did not repeat in the second quarter of 2006. The decrease at this hotel offset increases experienced at several hotels due to occupancy.
Other revenues the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the same period of 2005 increased approximately $3.6 million or 65.4% due an increase at comparable hotels of approximately $318,000 or 9.2%, primarily resulting from increases in occupancy, and an increase of approximately $3.3 million related to incremental revenues attributable to the 39 hotel properties acquired since December 31, 2004 that are included in continuing operations.
Interest income from notes receivable increased to approximately $7.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to approximately $5.7 million for the same period of 2005 due to the mezzanine loans receivable portfolio of approximately $112.6 million at June 30, 2006, an increase in the portfolio of approximately $32.9 million since December 31, 2004, and an increase in interest rates.
Asset management fees were approximately $636,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to approximately $648,000 for the same period of 2005. Asset management fees relate to 27 hotel properties owned by affiliates for which the Company provided asset management and consulting services. The Company acquired 21 of these hotel properties from said affiliates on March 16, 2005, and the affiliates have subsequently sold five of the remaining six hotel properties. However, the affiliates, pursuant to an agreement, will continue to guarantee a minimum annual fee of approximately $1.2 million through December 31, 2008.
Hotel Operating Expenses. Hotel operating expenses, which consists of room expense, food and beverage expense, other direct expenses, indirect expenses, and management fees, increased approximately $66.8 million or 81.7% for the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the same period of 2005, primarily due to approximately $62.8 million of expenses associated with the 39 hotel properties acquired since December 31, 2004 that are included in continuing operations. In addition, hotel operating expenses at comparable hotels experienced an increase of approximately $4.0 million or 7.1% for the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the same period of 2005 primarily due to increases in rooms, food and beverage, and indirect expenses.
Rooms expense at comparable hotels increased approximately $1.3 million or 8.1% for the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the same period of 2005 primarily due to increased occupancy at most hotels and virtually flat costs at hotels experiencing comparable occupancy due to the fixed nature of maintaining staff. Food and beverage expense at comparable hotels for the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the same period of 2005 also increased, which is consistent with the increase in food and beverage revenues at most hotels and the overall increase in occupancy. Indirect expenses at comparable hotels increased approximately $2.0 million or 7.6% for the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the same period of 2005. Indirect expenses increased as a result of:
• | increased hotel-level general and administrative expenses due to increased salaries and staffing needs consistent with increased revenues, | ||
• | increased sales and marketing expenses due to increased room availability at certain hotels as a result of rooms undergoing renovations during the first quarter 2005, | ||
• | increased franchise fees due to increased room revenues at certain hotels in 2006, and | ||
• | increased energy costs due to increased utility rates. |
Property Taxes, Insurance, and Other. Property taxes, insurance, and other increased approximately $6.0 million or 92.7% for the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the same period of 2005 due to approximately $5.7 million of expenses associated with the 39 hotel properties acquired since December 31, 2004 that are included in continuing operations. Aside from additional costs incurred at these acquired hotels, property taxes, insurance, and other expense in the first half of 2006 increased approximately $286,000 when compared to the same period of 2005 primarily resulting from increased property insurance rates, primarily due to recent hurricanes, and increased property value tax assessments at certain hotels.
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Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation and amortization increased approximately $13.2 million or 129.9% for the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to the same period of 2005 primarily due to approximately $11.5 million of depreciation associated with the 39 hotel properties acquired since December 31, 2004 that are included in continuing operations. Aside from these additional hotels acquired, depreciation and amortization increased approximately $1.7 million in the first half of 2006 compared to the same period of 2005 as a result of capital improvements made at several comparative hotels since December 31, 2004.
Loss on Reclassification from Discontinued to Continuing. Subsequent to March 31, 2006, Company management made a strategic decision to discontinue further sales efforts related to seven hotels acquired on June 17, 2005 that had been classified as discontinued operations. Consequently, the Company reclassified such assets and operating results back to continuing operations as of June 30, 2006 and for the three and six month periods then ended. Regarding these seven hotels, the Company recorded such assets in investment in hotel properties at approximately $38.9 million, which represents the carrying value of such assets (net of depreciation not recognized while said assets were held for sale of approximately $863,000), which is lower than such assets’ estimated fair values.
Corporate General and Administrative. Corporate general and administrative expense increased to approximately $10.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006 compared to approximately $6.5 million for the same period of 2005 primarily due to overall company growth and an increase in non-cash expenses associated with stock-based compensation from approximately $1.5 million in the first half of 2005 compared to approximately $2.7 in the first half of 2006. As a percentage of total revenue, however, corporate general and administrative expense decreased from approximately 5.0% during the first half of 2005 to approximately 4.2% for the first half of 2006 due to corporate synergies inherent in overall growth.
Operating Income. Operating income increased approximately $18.8 million to approximately $44.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006 from approximately $25.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2005 as result of the aforementioned operating results.
Interest Income. Interest income increased approximately $603,000 from approximately $457,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2005 to approximately $1.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006 primarily due to interest earned on funds received from borrowings and equity offerings during the first half of 2006 in excess of interest earned on funds received from borrowings and equity offerings during the same period of 2005.
Interest Expense and Amortization of Loan Costs. Interest expense and amortization of loan costs increased approximately $11.0 million from approximately $12.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2005 to approximately $23.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006. The increase in interest expense and amortization of loan costs is associated with the higher average debt balance over the course of the two comparative periods and increased interest rates.
Write-off of Loan Costs and Exit Fees. On March 24, 2006, in connection with the sale of eight hotel properties for approximately $100.4 million, net of closing costs, the buyer assumed approximately $93.7 million of mortgage debt, due July 1, 2015. Related to this assumption, the Company wrote-off unamortized loan costs of approximately $687,000. On May 30, 2006, the Company repaid its then outstanding $11.1 million balance on its mortgage note payable, due April 1, 2011, which resulted in the write-off of unamortized loan costs of approximately $102,000. On January 20, 2005, the Company repaid its $15.5 million mortgage note payable, due December 31, 2005, and its $7.0 million mortgage note payable, due July 31, 2007, which resulted in the write-off of unamortized loan costs of approximately $151,000.
Loss on Debt Extinguishment. On March 30, 2005, the Company paid down mortgage debt assumed in the 21-property hotel portfolio acquisition on March 16, 2005 by approximately $18.2 million, which generated a loss on early extinguishment of debt of approximately $2.3 million, which is net of the write-off of the related portion of debt premium of approximately $1.4 million. During the six months ended June 30, 2006, there were no losses on debt extinguishments.
(Provision for) Benefit from Income Taxes.As a REIT, the Company generally will not be subject to federal corporate income tax on the portion of its net income that does not relate to taxable REIT subsidiaries. However, the Company leases each of its hotel properties to Ashford TRS, which is treated as a taxable REIT subsidiary for federal income tax purposes. For the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, the (provision for) benefit from income taxes related to continuing operations of approximately ($269,000) and $22,000, respectively, relates to the net income (loss) associated with Ashford TRS. For the six months ended June 30, 2006, an additional benefit from income taxes of approximately $31,000 is included in discontinued operations.
Minority Interest. Minority interest represents a reduction to net income of approximately $3.4 million and $2.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Upon formation of the Company on August 29, 2003, minority interest in the operating partnership was established to represent the limited partners’ proportionate share of the equity in the operating partnership. Net income (loss) is allocated to minority interest based on the weighted-average limited partnership percentage ownership throughout the period.
Income from Continuing Operations.Income from continuing operations was approximately $17.1 million and $8.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively, which represents an increase of approximately $8.6 million as a result of the aforementioned operating results.
Income (Loss) from Discontinued Operations, Net. On March 16, 2005, the Company acquired 21 hotel properties for approximately $250.0 million. Soon thereafter, the Company made a strategic commitment to sell eight of these properties, six of which were sold in the second quarter of 2005. On January 17, 2006, the Company sold the remaining two properties. Operating results related to these eight hotel properties during the periods such hotels were owned are included in income (loss) from discontinued operations for both the six month periods ended June 30, 2006 and 2005. On June 17, 2005, the Company acquired 30 hotel properties for approximately
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$465.0 million. Soon thereafter, the Company made a strategic commitment to sell eight of these properties, which were sold on March 24, 2006. Operating results related to these 8 hotel properties during the periods such hotels were owned are included in income from discontinued operations for the six months ended June 30, 2006. As these 8 hotels represent Marriott-managed properties, which had a second quarter ending on the acquisition date, no operations for these hotels was reported for the six months ended June 30, 2005. No significant gain or loss or adverse tax consequences resulted from the sales of these properties.
Net Income. Net income was approximately $18.5 million and $8.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively, which represents an increase of approximately $10.0 million as a result of the aforementioned operating results.
Preferred Dividends. During the six months ended June 30, 2006, the Company declared cash dividends of approximately $2.5 million, or $0.5344 per diluted share, for Series A preferred stockholders, and approximately $3.0 million, or $0.20 per diluted share, for Series B preferred stockholders. During the six months ended June 30, 2005, the Company declared cash dividends of approximately $2.4 million and $523,000, for Series A preferred stockholders and Series B preferred stockholders, respectively. In addition, on June 15, 2005, the Company sold a financial institution its remaining 6,454,816 shares of Series B cumulative convertible redeemable preferred stock for approximately $65.0 million, or $10.07 per share. In connection with this sale, the Company recognized a non-cash preferred dividend of approximately $1.0 million related to the difference in the market value of the Company’s common stock and the $10.07 conversion price on June 6, 2005, which represents the date at which the Company notified the financial institution of its intention to exercise its option to sell the preferred shares.
Net Income Available to Common Shareholders. Net income available to common shareholders was approximately $13.0 million and $4.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively, which represents an increase of approximately $8.5 million as a result of the aforementioned operating results and preferred dividends.
Funds From Operations
The White Paper on Funds From Operations (“FFO”) approved by the Board of Governors of the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“NAREIT”) in April 2002 defines FFO as net income (loss) computed in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), excluding gains or losses from sales of properties and extraordinary items as defined by GAAP, plus depreciation and amortization of real estate assets, and net of adjustments for the portion of these items related to unconsolidated entities and joint ventures. NAREIT developed FFO as a relative measure of performance of an equity REIT to recognize that income-producing real estate historically has not depreciated on the basis determined by GAAP.
We compute FFO in accordance with our interpretation of standards established by NAREIT, which may not be comparable to FFO reported by other REITs that either do not define the term in accordance with the current NAREIT definition or interpret the NAREIT definition differently than us. FFO does not represent cash generated from operating activities as determined by GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to a) GAAP net income (loss) as an indication of our financial performance or b) GAAP cash flows from operating activities as a measure of our liquidity, nor is it indicative of funds available to satisfy our cash needs, including our ability to make cash distributions. However, to facilitate a clear understanding of our historical operating results, we believe that FFO should be considered along with our net income (loss) and cash flows reported in the consolidated financial statements.
The following table reconciles net income available to common shareholders to FFO available to common shareholders for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2005 (in thousands, unaudited):
Three Months | Three Months | Six Months | Six Months | |||||||||||||
Ended | Ended | Ended | Ended | |||||||||||||
June 30, 2006 | June 30, 2005 | June 30, 2006 | June 30, 2005 | |||||||||||||
Net income available to common shareholders | $ | 8,304 | $ | 4,438 | $ | 13,047 | $ | 4,501 | ||||||||
Plus real estate depreciation and amortization | 12,187 | 5,830 | 22,913 | 10,103 | ||||||||||||
Remove minority interest | 2,091 | 1,892 | 3,675 | 2,191 | ||||||||||||
FFO available to common shareholders | $ | 22,582 | $ | 12,160 | $ | 39,635 | $ | 16,795 | ||||||||
For the three months ended June 30, 2006, FFO has not been adjusted to add back dividends on redeemable preferred stock of approximately $1.5 million, the write-off of loan costs and exit fees of approximately $102,000, and the loss from reclassifying certain hotels operations from discontinued to continuing of approximately $863,000. For the three months ended June 30, 2005, FFO has not been adjusted to add back dividends on redeemable preferred stock of approximately $1.4 million.
For the six months ended June 30, 2006, FFO has not been adjusted to add back dividends on redeemable preferred stock of approximately $3.0 million, the write-off of loan costs and exit fees of approximately $788,000, and the loss from reclassifying certain hotels operations from discontinued to continuing of approximately $863,000. For the six months ended June 30, 2005, FFO has not been adjusted to add back dividends on redeemable preferred stock of approximately $1.6 million, the loss on debt extinguishment of approximately $2.3 million, and the write-off of loan costs and exit fees of approximately $151,000.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES:
Our principal source of funds to meet our cash requirements, including distributions to stockholders, is our share of the operating partnership’s cash flow. The operating partnership’s principal sources of revenue include: (i) cash flow from hotel operations, (ii) interest income from our notes receivable portfolio, and (iii) guaranteed payments related to our asset management and consulting contracts with an affiliate.
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Cash flows from hotel operations are subject to all operating risks common to the hotel industry, including:
• | Competition for guests from other hotels; | ||
• | Adverse effects of general and local economic conditions; | ||
• | Dependence on demand from business and leisure travelers, which may fluctuate and be seasonal; | ||
• | Increases in energy costs, airline fares, and other expenses related to travel, which may deter traveling; | ||
• | Increases in operating costs related to inflation and other factors, including wages, benefits, insurance, and energy; | ||
• | Overbuilding in the hotel industry, especially in particular markets; and | ||
• | Actual or threatened acts of terrorism and actions taken against terrorists, which often cause public concern over travel safety. |
During the six months ended June 30, 2006, we completed the following significant transactions, which have or will affect our cash flow and liquidity:
Business Combinations:
On February 24, 2006, the Company acquired the Marriott at Research Triangle Park hotel property in Durham, North Carolina, from Host Marriott Corporation for approximately $28.0 million in cash. In addition, the Company anticipates capital improvements related to this property of approximately $5.7 million, of which approximately $14,000 has been incurred. The Company used proceeds from its follow-on public offering on January 25, 2006 to fund this acquisition.
On April 19, 2006, the Company acquired the Pan Pacific San Francisco Hotel in San Francisco, California, from W2001 Pac Realty, L.L.C. for approximately $95.0 million in cash. In addition, the Company anticipates capital improvements of approximately $10.0 million related to this property, primarily associated with the renovation and re-branding of this hotel as a JW Marriott. The Company used proceeds from two credit facility draws of approximately $88.9 million and $15.0 million to fund this acquisition.
Capital Stock:
On January 25, 2006, in a follow-on public offering, the Company issued 12,107,623 shares of its common stock at $11.15 per share, which generated gross proceeds of approximately $135.0 million. However, the aggregate proceeds to the Company, net of underwriters’ discount and offering costs, was approximately $128.1 million. The 12,107,623 shares issued include 1,507,623 shares sold pursuant to an over-allotment option granted to the underwriters. The net proceeds were used for a $60.0 million pay-down on the Company’s $100.0 million credit facility, due August 17, 2008, on January 31, 2006, a $45.0 million pay-down on the Company’s $45.0 million mortgage loan, due October 10, 2007, on February 9, 2006, and the acquisition of the Marriott at Research Triangle Park hotel property on February 24, 2006 for $28.0 million.
Discontinued Operations:
On January 17, 2006, the Company sold two hotel properties for approximately $10.7 million, net of closing costs.
On March 24, 2006, the Company sold eight hotel properties for approximately $100.4 million, net of closing costs.
Notes Receivable:
On May 3, 2006, the Company received approximately $7.3 million in full payment of all principal and interest due under its $6.6 million mezzanine loan receivable, due May 2006 under a forbearance agreement.
On June 9, 2006, the Company originated a $26.3 million mezzanine loan receivable, due April 2008.
On June 15, 2006, the Company received approximately $15.2 million in full payment of all principal and interest due under its $15.0 million loan receivable, due January 2007.
Indebtedness:
On January 31, 2006, the Company paid-off its $60.0 million balance outstanding on its $100.0 million credit facility, due August 17, 2008. On February 27, 2006 and April 18, 2006, the Company completed draws of approximately $10.0 million and $88.9 million, respectively, on this credit facility. On June 28, 2006, the Company paid down this credit facility by approximately $25.0 million.
On February 9, 2006, the Company paid down its $45.0 million mortgage loan, due October 10, 2007, at an interest rate of LIBOR plus 2%, to $100. On April 3, 2006, the Company modified this mortgage note payable to a $47.5 million revolving credit facility, with a revolving period through October 11, 2006, maturity remaining October 10, 2007, and interest rates during the revolving period ranging from LIBOR plus 1% to LIBOR plus 1.5% depending on the outstanding balance. After the revolving period expires, the interest rate resumes its original rate of LIBOR plus 2%. Consistent with the original mortgage, the modified credit facility requires monthly interest-only payments and has three one-year extension options. On April 18, 2006 and June 6, 2006, the Company
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completed draws of approximately $15.0 million and $15.0 million, respectively, on this credit facility.
On March 24, 2006, in connection with the sale of eight hotel properties for approximately $100.4 million, net of closing costs, the buyer assumed approximately $93.7 million of mortgage debt, which had an interest rate of 5.32% and matured July 1, 2015. This reduced the Company’s $580.8 million mortgage note payable outstanding at December 31, 2005, secured by 39 hotels, with an average interest rate of 5.4%, to $487.1 million outstanding at June 30, 2006, secured by 32 hotels, with an average interest rate of 5.41%.
On May 30, 2006, the Company repaid its then outstanding $11.1 million balance on its mortgage note payable, due April 1, 2011.
Dividends:
During the six months ended June 30, 2006, the Company has declared cash dividends of approximately $27.1 million, or $0.20 per diluted share, related to both common stockholders and common unit holders, of which approximately $22.8 million and $4.3 million related to each, respectively.
During the six months ended June 30, 2006, the Company declared cash dividends of approximately $2.5 million, or $0.5344 per diluted share, related to Series A preferred stockholders.
During the six months ended June 30, 2006, the Company declared cash dividends of approximately $3.0 million, or $0.20 per diluted share, related to Series B preferred stockholders.
Net Cash Flow Provided By Operating Activities.For the six months ended June 30, 2006, net cash flow provided by operating activities of approximately $62.2 million increased approximately $37.3 million from net cash flow provided by operating activities of approximately $24.8 million for the same period of 2005. The increase in net cash flow provided by operating activities was primarily attributable to improved operating income in 2006, which resulted from improved operations at the 33 comparable hotels as well as the 39 hotels acquired since December 2004 included in continuing operations.
Net Cash Flow Used In Investing Activities.For the six months ended June 30, 2006, net cash flow used in investing activities was approximately $130.7 million, which consisted of approximately $125.0 million related to acquisitions of hotel properties, $26.3 million related to acquisitions or originations of notes receivable, and $19.0 million of improvements to various hotel properties. These cash outlays were somewhat offset by net proceeds of approximately $17.4 million related to the sales of ten hotel properties and $22.2 million related to payments on notes receivable. For the six months ended June 30, 2005, net cash flow used in investing activities was approximately $548.5 million, which consisted of approximately $28.6 million of acquisitions or originations of mezzanine loans receivable, approximately $541.2 million related to hotel property acquisitions, and approximately $13.3 million of improvements to various hotel properties. These cash outlays were somewhat offset by proceeds of approximately $6.3 million related to payments on notes receivable and approximately $28.2 million related to the sales of six hotel properties and an office building.
Net Cash Flow Provided By Financing Activities.For the six months ended June 30, 2006, net cash flow provided by financing activities was approximately $85.1 million, which represents $128.9 million in draws on the Company’s credit facilities and approximately $128.1 million of net proceeds received from the Company’s follow-on public offering on January 25, 2006, partially offset by approximately $30.0 million of dividends paid, $141.5 million of payments on indebtedness and capital leases, $296,000 of payments of loan costs, and $54,000 of costs associated with issuing common shares in exchange for units of limited partnership interest. For the six months ended June 30, 2005, net cash flow provided by financing activities was approximately $519.9 million, which represents approximately $60.0 million in draws on the Company’s credit facilities, $370.0 million related to a mortgage note completed on July 17, 2005, $145.5 million of net proceeds received from the Company’s follow-on public offerings on January 20, 2005 and April 5, 2005, and $65.0 million in proceeds related to the issuance of Series B cumulative convertible redeemable preferred stock on June 15, 2005, partially offset by approximately $15.2 million of dividends paid, $99.3 million of payments on indebtedness and capital leases, $3.3 million of payments of loan costs, $2.3 million of payments to extinguish debt, and $607,000 of additional costs related to the issuances of Series B cumulative convertible redeemable preferred stock on December 30, 2004 and June 15, 2005.
In general, we are focused exclusively on investing in the hospitality industry across all segments, including direct hotel investments, first mortgages, mezzanine loans, and eventually sale-leaseback transactions. We intend to acquire and, in the appropriate market conditions, develop additional hotels and provide structured financings to owners of lodging properties. We may incur indebtedness to fund any such acquisitions, developments, or financings. We may also incur indebtedness to meet distribution requirements imposed on REITs under the Internal Revenue Code to the extent that working capital and cash flow from our investments are insufficient to fund the required distributions.
However, no assurances can be given that we will obtain additional financings or, if we do, what the amount and terms will be. Our failure to obtain future financing under favorable terms could adversely impact our ability to execute our business strategy. In addition, we may selectively pursue mortgage financing on individual properties and our mortgage investments.
We will acquire or develop additional hotels and invest in structured financings only as suitable opportunities arise, and we will not undertake such investments unless adequate sources of financing are available. Funds for future hotel-related investments are expected to be derived, in whole or in part, from future borrowings under a credit facility or other loan or from the proceeds of additional issuances of common stock, preferred stock, or other securities. However, other than the aforementioned acquisitions and those mentioned in subsequent events discussion below, we have no formal commitment or understanding to invest in additional assets, and there can be no assurance that we will successfully make additional investments.
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Our existing hotels are located in developed areas that contain competing hotel properties. The future occupancy, ADR, and RevPAR of any individual hotel could be materially and adversely affected by an increase in the number or quality of the competitive hotel properties in its market area. Competition could also affect the quality and quantity of future investment opportunities.
SUBSEQUENT EVENTS:
On July 13, 2006, the Company acquired the Marriott Crystal Gateway hotel in Arlington, Virginia, from EADS Associates Limited Partnership for approximately $107.2 million. The purchase price consisted of the assumption of approximately $53.3 million of mortgage debt, due December 1, 2017, at an interest rate of 7.24% through December 31, 2007 and 7.39% thereafter, the issuance of approximately $42.7 million worth of limited partnership units, which equates to 3,814,842 units valued at $11.20 per unit, approximately $2.5 million in cash paid in lieu of units, the reimbursement of capital expenditures costs of approximately $7.2 million, and other net closing costs and adjustments of approximately $1.5 million. The limited partnership units issued represent Class B units, with a fixed dividend rate of 6.82% in years 1-3 and 7.2% thereafter based on the $11.20 per unit price, and have priority in payment of cash dividends over holders of common units. After ten years, either party may convert these units to common units. In addition, the Company assumed the existing management agreement which expires in 2017 with three ten-year renewal options. The management agreement provides for a base management fee of 3% of the hotel’s gross revenues plus certain incentive management fees. Based on the Company’s review of this management agreement, the Company concluded that the terms are more favorable to the manager than a typical current market management agreement. Hence, the Company intends to record an unfavorable contract liability of approximately $15.8 million related to this management agreement as of the acquisition date, which will be amortized as a reduction to management fees on a straight-line basis over the initial term of the management agreement.
On July 14, 2006, the Company completed a $25.0 million draw on its $100.0 million credit facility, due August 17, 2008.
On July 21, 2006, the Company received approximately $15.2 million in full payment of all principal and interest due under its $15.0 million loan receivable, due April 2007.
On July 25, 2006, in a follow-on public offering, the Company issued 14,950,000 shares of its common stock at $11.40 per share, which generated gross proceeds of approximately $170.4 million. However, the aggregate proceeds to the Company, net of underwriters’ discount and offering costs, was approximately $162.7 million. The 14,950,000 shares issued include 1,950,000 shares sold pursuant to an over-allotment option granted to the underwriters. On July 25, 2006, the net proceeds were used to pay down the Company’s $30.0 million balance on its $47.5 million credit facility, due October 10, 2007, and pay down its $98.9 million balance on its $100.0 million credit facility, due August 17, 2008.
On July 26, 2006, the Company modified its $47.5 million credit facility, due October 10, 2007, to extend both the revolving period and maturity date by one year to October 11, 2007 and October 10, 2008, respectively.
INFLATION:
We rely entirely on the performance of our properties and the ability of the properties’ managers to increase revenues to keep pace with inflation. Hotel operators can generally increase room rates rather quickly, but competitive pressures may limit their ability to raise rates faster than inflation. Our general and administrative costs, such as real estate and personal property taxes, property and casualty insurance, and utilities, are subject to inflation as well.
SEASONALITY:
Our properties’ operations historically have been seasonal as certain properties maintain higher occupancy rates during the summer months. This seasonality pattern causes fluctuations in our quarterly lease revenue under our percentage leases. We anticipate that our cash flow from the operations of the properties will be sufficient to enable us to make quarterly distributions to maintain our REIT status. To the extent that cash flow from operations is insufficient during any quarter due to temporary or seasonal fluctuations in lease revenue, we expect to utilize other cash on hand or borrowings to fund required distributions. However, we cannot make any assurances that we will make distributions in the future.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES:
The critical accounting policies which we believe are the most significant to fully understand and evaluate our reported financial results are described below:
Investment in Hotel Properties — The initial properties are stated at the predecessor’s historical cost, net of any impairment charges, plus approximately $8.1 million of minority interest partial step-up recorded upon the Company’s formation related to the acquisition of minority interest from unaffiliated parties associated with four of the initial properties. Hotel properties acquired subsequent to the Company’s formation are stated at cost. All improvements and additions which extend the useful life of hotel properties are capitalized.
Impairment of Investment in Hotel Properties — Hotel properties are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying values of such hotel properties may not be recoverable. The Company tests for impairment in several situations, including when current or projected cash flows are less than historical cash flows, when it becomes more likely than not that a hotel property will be sold before the end of its previously estimated useful life, and when events or changes in circumstances indicate that a hotel property’s net book value may not be recoverable. In evaluating the impairment of hotel properties, the Company makes many assumptions and estimates, including projected cash flows, holding period, expected useful life, future capital expenditures, and fair values, which considers capitalization rates, discount rates, and comparable selling prices. If an
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asset was deemed to be impaired, the Company would record an impairment charge for the amount that the property’s net book value exceeds its fair value. To date, no such impairment charges have been recognized.
Depreciation and Amortization Expense — Depreciation expense is based on the estimated useful life of the Company’s assets, while amortization expense for leasehold improvements is based on the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful life of the related assets. Presently, hotel properties are depreciated using the straight-line method over lives which range from 15 to 39 years for buildings and improvements and 3 to 5 years for furniture, fixtures, and equipment. While the Company believes its estimates are reasonable, a change in estimated lives could affect depreciation expense and net income (loss) as well as the gain or loss on the potential sale of any of the Company’s hotels.
Assets Held For Sale and Discontinued Operations — The Company records assets as held for sale when management has committed to a plan to sell the assets, actively seeks a buyer for the assets, and the consummation of the sale is considered probable and is expected within one year. The related operations of assets held for sale are reported as discontinued if a) such operations and cash flows can be clearly distinguished, both operationally and financially, from the ongoing operations of the Company, b) such operations and cash flows will be eliminated from ongoing operations once the disposal occurs, and c) the Company will not have any significant continuing involvement subsequent to the disposal.
Notes Receivable — The Company provides mezzanine and first-mortgage financing in the form of loans. Loans receivable are recorded at cost, adjusted for net origination fees and costs. Premiums, discounts, and net origination fees are amortized or accreted as an adjustment to interest income using the effective interest method. Loans receivable are reviewed for potential impairment at each balance sheet date. A loan receivable is considered impaired when it becomes probable, based on current information, that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the loan’s contractual terms. The amount of impairment, if any, is measured by comparing the recorded amount of the loan to the present value of the expected cash flows or the fair value of the collateral. If a loan was deemed to be impaired, the Company would record a reserve for loan losses through a charge to income for any shortfall. To date, no such impairment charges have been recognized.
In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 46, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities,” as revised (“FIN No. 46”), variable interest entities, as defined, are required to be consolidated by their primary beneficiaries if the variable interest entities do not effectively disperse risks among parties involved. The Company’s mezzanine and first-mortgage loans receivable are each secured by various hotel properties or partnership interests in hotel properties and are subordinate to primary loans related to the secured hotels. All of these loans receivable are considered to be variable interests in the entities that own the related hotels, which are variable interest entities. However, the Company is not considered to be the primary beneficiary of these hotel properties as a result of holding these loans. Therefore, the Company does not consolidate such hotels for which it has provided financing. Interests in entities acquired or created in the future will be evaluated based on FIN No. 46 criteria, and such entities will be consolidated, if required. The analysis utilized by the Company in evaluating FIN No. 46 criteria involves considerable management judgment and assumptions.
Stock-based Compensation — The Company accounts for stock-based compensation using the fair-value method. In connection with the Company’s formation, the Company established an employee Incentive Stock Plan (the “Stock Plan”). Under the Stock Plan, the Company periodically issues shares of restricted and non-restricted common stock. All such shares are charged to compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting period based on the Company’s stock price on the date of issuance. Under the Stock Plan, the Company may issue a variety of additional performance-based stock awards, including nonqualified stock options. As of June 30, 2006, no performance-based stock awards aside from the aforementioned stock grants have been issued.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements — In December 2004, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123R (Revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment” (“SFAS No. 123R”), effective January 1, 2006. SFAS No. 123R is a revision of SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation.” SFAS No. 123R requires the cost of share-based awards to employees to be measured based on an award’s fair value at the grant date, with such cost to be amortized over the appropriate service period. Previously, entities could elect to continue accounting for such awards at their grant date intrinsic value under APB Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees.” In addition, SFAS No. 123R requires future forfeitures of stock awards to be estimated and accounted for currently rather than as such forfeitures occur. The Company’s adoption of SFAS No. 123R in the first quarter of 2006 using the modified prospective application had no impact on the Company’s results of operations. As required by SFAS No. 123R, the Company reclassified unearned compensation on its balance sheet to additional paid-in capital. Forfeitures of stock grants have been and are expected to continue to be insignificant.
In June 2006, the Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) ratified EITF No. 06-3, “How Taxes Collected from Customers and Remitted to Government Authorities Should be Presented in the Income Statement (That Is, Gross versus Net Presentation).” EITF No. 06-3 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2006, with earlier application permitted. EITF No. 06-3 relates to taxes assessed by a governmental authority imposed on revenue-producing transactions, such as sales taxes. EITF No. 06-3 states that gross versus net income statement presentation of such taxes is an accounting policy decision requiring disclosure. EITF No. 06-3 further requires disclosure of the amount of such taxes reflected at gross, if any. The Company does not believe the adoption of EITF No. 06-3 will impact its financial condition or results of operations.
ITEM 3: QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Our primary market risk exposure consists of changes in interest rates on borrowings under our debt instruments that bear interest at variable rates that fluctuate with market interest rates. The analysis below presents the sensitivity of the market value of our financial instruments to selected changes in market interest rates.
As of June 30, 2006, our $802.5 million debt portfolio consisted of approximately $103.9 million of outstanding variable-rate debt and
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approximately $698.6 million of outstanding of fixed-rate debt, with interest rates ranging from 5.41% to 5.75%.
In addition, on October 28, 2005, the Company purchased a 7.0% LIBOR interest rate cap with a $45.0 million notional amount, which matures October 15, 2007, to limit its exposure to rising interest rates on $45.0 million of its variable-rate debt. The Company designated the $45.0 million cap as a cash flow hedge of its exposure to changes in interest rates on a corresponding amount of variable-rate debt.
Our objective in using derivatives is to increase stability related to interest expense and to manage our exposure to interest rate movements or other identified risks. To accomplish this objective, we primarily use interest rate swaps and caps as part of our cash flow hedging strategy. Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable-rate amounts in exchange for fixed-rate payments over the life of the agreements without exchange of the underlying principal amount. Interest rate caps provide us with interest rate protection above the strike rate on the cap and result in us receiving interest payments when rates are above the cap strike. As of June 30, 2006, derivatives with a fair value of approximately $1,400 were included in other assets, and derivatives with a fair value of $0 were included in other liabilities.
For the six months ended June 30, 2006, the impact to our results of operations of a one-point change in interest rate on the outstanding balance of variable-rate debt as of June 30, 2006 would be approximately $519,000.
As of June 30, 2006, our $112.6 million portfolio of notes receivable consisted of approximately $89.6 million of outstanding variable-rate notes and approximately $23.0 million of outstanding fixed-rate notes. For the six months ended June 30, 2006, the impact to our results of operations of a one-point change in interest rate on the outstanding balance of variable-rate notes receivable as of June 30, 2006 would be approximately $448,000.
The above amounts were determined based on the impact of hypothetical interest rates on our borrowing and lending portfolios, and assume no changes in our capital structure. As the information presented above includes only those exposures that exist as of June 30, 2006, it does not consider those exposures or positions which could arise after that date. Hence, the information presented herein has limited predictive value. As a result, the ultimate realized gain or loss with respect to interest rate fluctuations will depend on the exposures that arise during the period, the hedging strategies at the time, and the related interest rates.
ITEM 4: CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report have been designed and are functioning effectively to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by us in reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. We believe that a controls system, no matter how well designed and operated, cannot provide absolute assurance that the objectives of the controls system are met, and no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within a company have been detected. Management is required to apply judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.
There have been no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting during our most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.
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PART II: OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1: LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are currently subject to litigation arising in the normal course of our business. In the opinion of management, none of these lawsuits or claims against us, either individually or in the aggregate, is likely to have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, or financial condition. In addition, we currently have adequate insurance in place to cover any such significant litigation.
ITEM 1A: RISK FACTORS
No changes.
ITEM 2: UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
None.
ITEM 3: DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None.
ITEM 4: SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
At the Company’s 2006 Annual Stockholders’ Meeting on May 2, 2006 (“Annual Meeting”), the total number of shares of the Company’s voting capital stock entitled to vote was 63,386,882 shares (comprised of 55,939,017 common shares and 7,447,865 Series B-1 Preferred Shares), and a total of 59,685,044 shares (or 94.16%) of the Company’s voting capital stock were present at the Annual Meeting in person or by proxy.
At the Annual Meeting, the Company’s stockholders elected the seven nominees listed below as Directors of the Company until its 2007 Annual Stockholders’ Meeting. With respect to this election, the following table sets forth, for each of the directors elected, the number of votes cast for and the number of votes withheld:
Nominee | Votes For | Votes Withheld | ||||||
Archie Bennett, Jr. | 58,468,045 | 1,216,999 | ||||||
Monty Bennett | 59,510,391 | 174,653 | ||||||
Marty Edelman | 55,980,937 | 3,704,107 | ||||||
W.D. Minami | 59,518,091 | 166,953 | ||||||
W. Michael Murphy | 59,369,261 | 315,783 | ||||||
Philip S. Payne | 59,372,691 | 312,353 | ||||||
Charles P. Toppino | 59,371,191 | 313,853 |
Second, at the Annual Meeting, the Company’s stockholders ratified the selection of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent auditor for the ensuing year. In connection with this election, there were 59,535,549 votes cast for ratification, 129,015 votes against, and 20,480 shares abstained from voting.
ITEM 5: OTHER INFORMATION
None.
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ITEM 6: EXHIBITS
Exhibit | ||
Number | Description of Exhibit | |
*31.1 | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer Required by Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended | |
*31.2 | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer Required by Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended | |
*31.3 | Certification of the Chief Accounting Officer Required by Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended | |
*32.1 | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer Required by Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (In accordance with Sec Release 33-8212, this exhibit is being furnished, and is not being filed as part of this report or as a separate disclosure document, and is not being incorporated by reference into any Securities Act of 1933 registration statement.) | |
*32.2 | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer Required by Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (In accordance with Sec Release 33-8212, this exhibit is being furnished, and is not being filed as part of this report or as a separate disclosure document, and is not being incorporated by reference into any Securities Act of 1933 registration statement.) | |
*32.3 | Certification of the Chief Accounting Officer Required by Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (In accordance with Sec Release 33-8212, this exhibit is being furnished, and is not being filed as part of this report or as a separate disclosure document, and is not being incorporated by reference into any Securities Act of 1933 registration statement.) |
* | filed herewith |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
Dated: August 4, 2006 | By: /s/ MONTGOMERY J. BENNETT | |||
Montgomery J. Bennett | ||||
Chief Executive Officer | ||||
(Principal Executive Officer) | ||||
Dated: August 4, 2006 | By: /s/ DAVID J. KIMICHIK | |||
David J. Kimichik | ||||
Chief Financial Officer | ||||
(Principal Financial Officer) | ||||
Dated: August 4, 2006 | By: /s/ MARK L. NUNNELEY | |||
Mark L. Nunneley | ||||
Chief Accounting Officer | ||||
(Principal Accounting Officer) |
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