Common Stock [Text Block] | Note 6 Common Stock Private Placement On December 15, 2016, the Company issued an aggregate of 454,097 shares of common stock under a non- brokered private placement at a price of $2.05 per share for total gross proceeds of $930,899 less issuance costs of $32,206. On April 4, 2016, the Company entered into an agreement to issue 25,000 shares of the Company’s common stock in exchange for advisory services which was subsequently amended to 23,500 shares. The shares were issued in three tranches: (i) the first tranche of 10,000 shares was issued on April 22, 2016; (ii) the second tranche of 10,000 shares was issued on May 25, 2016; and (iii) the third tranche of 3,500 shares was issued on June 30, 2016. Stock Options The Company has a stock option plan (the “2010 Stock Option Plan”) under which options to purchase common shares of the Company may be granted to employees, directors and consultants. The 2010 Stock Option Plan is effectively a merging of the Company’s 2004 and 2005 stock option plans. Stock options entitle the holder to purchase common stock at a subscription price determined by the Board of Directors of the Company at the time of the grant. The options generally vest in the amount of 12.5% on the date which is six months from the date of grant and then beginning in the seventh month at 1/42 per month for 42 months, at which time the options are fully vested. The maximum number of shares of common stock authorized by the stockholders and reserved for issuance by the Board under 2010 Stock Option Plan is 986,000. On September 12, 2016, the decrease in the exercise price of certain outstanding stock options to $2.50 was authorized by the Company’s stock holders. Accordingly the exercise price of 319,822 stock options with exercise prices ranging from $4.50 to $29.00 was decreased to $2.50. The fair value of the options immediately prior to the modification was compared to the fair value of the modified options. Stock based compensation of $112,158 was recognized on the modification of the vested options. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value of stock options granted. In accordance with ASC 718 “Share-Based Payment” for employees, the compensation expense is amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period which approximates the vesting period. Compensation expense for stock options granted to non-employees is amortized over the vesting period or, if none exists, over the service period. Compensation associated with unvested options granted to non-employees is re-measured on each balance sheet date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The expected volatility of options granted has been determined using the method described under ASC 718 using the historical stock price. The expected term of options granted to employees in the current fiscal period has been determined utilizing historic data as prescribed by ASC 718. For non-employees, based on the Company’s history, the expected term of the options approximates the full term of the options. The risk-free interest rate is based on a treasury instrument whose term is consistent with the expected term of the stock options. The Company has not paid and does not anticipate paying dividends on its common stock; therefore, the expected dividend yield is assumed to be zero. In addition, ASC 718 requires companies to utilize an estimated forfeiture rate when calculating the expense for the period, whereas prior to the adoption of ASC 718 the Company recorded forfeitures based on actual forfeitures and recorded a compensation expense recovery in the period when the awards were forfeited. As a result, based on the Company’s experience, the Company applied an estimated forfeiture rate of 15% for year ended April 30, 2017 and 2016 in determining the expense recorded in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. For the majority of the stock options granted, the number of shares issued on the date the stock options are exercised is net of the minimum statutory withholding requirements that we pay in cash to the appropriate taxing authorities on behalf of our employees. These withheld shares are not issued or considered common stock repurchases under our authorized plan and are not included in the common stock repurchase totals. In our consolidated financial statements, these withheld shares are netted against the number of shares that would have been issued upon vesting. The weighted-average fair values of options granted during the years ended April 30, 2017 and 2016 were $1.54 and $2.35, respectively. The weighted-average assumptions utilized to determine such values are presented in the following table: Year Ended Year Ended April 30, 2017 April 30, 2016 Risk-free interest rate 1.39% 1.66% Expected volatility 94.95% 92.48% Expected term 3.7 yrs 3.7 yrs Dividend yield 0% 0% The following is a summary of the status of the Company’s stock options as of April 30, 2017 and the stock option activity during the years ended April 30, 2017 and 2016: Number of Weighted-Average Options Exercise Price per Share Outstanding at April 30, 2015 411,781 $15.20 Granted 114,900 $3.72 Exercised - - Forfeited / Cancelled (66,216 ) $8.87 Expired (49,735 ) $15.63 Outstanding at April 30, 2016 410,730 $12.99 Granted 125,000 $2.38 Exercised - - Forfeited / Cancelled (49,268 ) $4.16 Expired (89,540 ) $7.59 Outstanding at April 30, 2017 396,922 $2.46 Exercisable at April 30, 2017 221,739 $2.49 Exercisable at April 30, 2016 236,795 $16.77 The following table summarizes information regarding stock options outstanding as of April 30, 2017: Number of Aggregate Number of Aggregate Exercise Options Intrinsic Options Intrinsic Price Outstanding Value Expiry Date Exercisable Value $2.03 10,000 – December 15, 2021 – – $2.40 60,000 – July 15, 2021 11,250 – $2.41 51,656 – December 14, 2020 17,333 – $2.46 25,000 – March 14, 2022 – – $2.50 250,266 – July 19, 2017 to July 17, 2020 193,156 – April 30, 2017 396,922 – 221,739 – April 30, 2016 410,730 – 236,795 – The aggregate intrinsic value in the preceding table represents the total intrinsic value, based on the Company’s closing stock price of $1.93 per share as of April 30, 2017 (April 30, 2016 – $2.12), which would have been received by the option holders had all option holders exercised their options as of that date. The total number of in-the-money options vested and exercisable as of April 30, 2017 was nil (April 30, 2016 – nil). The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the year ended April 30, 2017 was $nil (2016 – $nil). The grant date fair value of options vested during the year ended April 30, 2017 was $412,602 (April 30, 2016 – $579,614). The following table summarizes information regarding the non-vested stock purchase options outstanding as of April 30, 2017: Number of Weighted Average Options Grant-Date Fair Value Non-vested options at April 30, 2015 201,237 $6.20 Granted 114,900 $2.35 Vested (83,318 ) $6.96 Forfeited (58,884 ) $4.79 Non-vested options at April 30, 2016 173,935 $4.15 Granted 125,000 $1.54 Vested (84,833 ) $4.86 Forfeited (38,919 ) $1.95 Non-vested options at April 30, 2017 175,183 $3.49 As of April 30, 2017, there was $439,431 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock options. This unrecognized compensation cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.01 years. Employee and non-employee stock-based compensation amounts classified in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations for the year ended April 30, 2017 and 2016 are as follows: Years Ended April 30, 2017 2016 Cost of sales $ 97,434 $ 68,259 Sales and marketing 172,367 253,913 Research and development 102,975 80,228 General and administrative 166,713 180,536 Total stock-based compensation $ 539,489 $ 582,936 Warrants On September 4, 2015, the Company completed a non-brokered private placement (the “Private Placement”) of 293,000 units, at a price of $5.00 per unit, for gross aggregate proceeds of $1,465,000 less stock issuance costs of $23,161. Each unit consists of one share of common stock and one-half of one non-transferable common share purchase warrant. Each whole warrant entitles the holder to purchase one additional share of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $7.50 per share until September 4, 2017. The following tables summarize information regarding the warrants outstanding as of April 30, 2017 and April 30, 2016. Weighted Number of Average Warrants Exercise Price Expiry Dates Warrants at April 30, 2015 – – – Granted 146,500 $ 7.50 September 4, 2017 Exercised – – – Expired – – – Warrants at April 30, 2016 146,500 $ 7.50 September 4, 2017 Granted – – – Exercised – – – Expired – – – Warrants at April 30, 2017 146,500 $ 7.50 September 4, 2017 Employee Stock Purchase Plan Under the terms of the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”) all regular salaried (non-probationary) employees can purchase up to 6% of their base salary in common shares of the Company at market price. The Company will match 50% of the shares purchased by issuing or purchasing in the market up to 3% of the respective employee’s base salary in shares. During the year ended April 30, 2017, the Company matched $35,028 (2016 - $39,472) in shares purchased by employees under the ESPP. During the year ended April 30, 2017, 45,956 shares (2016 – 36,539) were issued or purchased by employees on the open market under the ESPP. A total of 120,000 shares have been reserved for issuance under the ESPP. As of April 30, 2017, a total of 86,203 shares were available for issuance under the ESPP. Normal Course Issuer Bid Plan Pursuant to a normal course issuer bid commencing on March 29, 2017 and expiring March 28, 2018, the Company is authorized to purchase up to 258,613 shares of their common stock through the facilities of the TSX and other Canadian marketplaces or U.S. marketplaces. Pursuant to a normal course issuer bid commencing March 19, 2015 and expiring March 18, 2016, the Company repurchased 11,360 shares at an average price of $3.80 (CDN$4.97) for an aggregate purchase price of $43,168. Pursuant to a normal course issuer bid commencing on March 19, 2016 and expiring March 18, 2017, the Company repurchased 4,700 shares at an average price of $2.24 (CDN$2.93) for a total of $10,528. During the period from March 29, 2017 to April 30, 2017, the Company repurchased 59,900 shares at an average price of $2.03 (CDN$2.72) for a total of $121,597 pursuant to a normal course issuer bid commencing on March 29, 2017 and expiring on March 28, 2018. As of April 30, 2017, a total of 80,488 shares have been cancelled and the remaining 59,900 repurchased shares are in the process of being cancelled since the normal course issuer bid was initiated. Deferred Share Unit Plan Under the terms of the DSUP which is effective as at October 22, 2009, each deferred share unit (each, a “DSU”) is equivalent to one share of common stock. The maximum number of shares of common stock that may be reserved for issuance to any one participant pursuant to DSUs granted under the DSUP and any share compensation arrangement is 5% of the number of shares of common stock of the Company outstanding at the time of reservation. A DSU granted to a participant who is a director of the Company shall vest immediately on the award date. A DSU granted to a participant other than a director will generally vest as to one-third (1/3) of the number of DSUs granted on the first, second and third anniversaries of the award date. Fair value of the DSUs, which is based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant, is recorded as compensation expense over the vesting period. On September 12, 2016, the maximum number of shares of common stock authorized by the Company’s stockholders reserved for issuance under the DSUP was increased from 400,000 shares to 500,000 shares. During the year ended April 30, 2017, 90,453 (2016 – 55,034) DSUs were issued under the DSUP, of which 24,228 DSUs were granted to officers and 66,225 DSUs were granted to non-employee directors. As of April 30, 2017, a total of 130,595 shares were available for issuance under the DSUP. The following table summarizes the Company’s outstanding DSU awards as of April 30, 2017 and 2016, and changes during the period then ended: Weighted Average Grant Number of DSUs Date Fair Value per Unit DSUs at April 30, 2015 199,905 $11.00 Granted 55,034 $5.20 Conversions – – Outstanding at April 30, 2016 254,939 $9.79 Granted 90,453 $2.40 Conversions – – Outstanding at April 30, 2017 345,392 $7.85 As of April 30, 2017, there was $110,181 (2016 – $189,523) of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested DSU awards. This unrecognized compensation cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.44 years (2016 – 1.63). The total fair value of DSUs that vested during the year was $319,577 (2016 – $338,912). Employee and non-employee DSU based compensation amounts classified in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations for the year ended April 30, 2017 and 2016 are as follows: Year Ended April 3 0, 2017 2016 Sales and marketing $ – $ – Research and development – 1,633 General and administrative 296,429 322,345 Total deferred share unit-based compensation $ 296,429 $ 323,978 The following table summarizes information regarding the non-vested DSUs outstanding as of April 30, 2017: Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Number of DSUs Value per Unit Non-vested DSUs at April 30, 2015 25,169 $14.60 Granted 55,034 $5.20 Vested (41,681 ) $8.13 Non-vested DSUs at April 30, 2016 38,522 $8.15 Granted 90,453 $2.40 Vested (82,758 ) $3.86 Non-vested DSUs at April 30, 2017 46,217 $4.58 |