Columbia Property Trust (CXP) 10-Q 2019 Q2 Quarterly report

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 __________________________________ 

FORM 10-Q

 __________________________________ 

(Mark One)

☒	Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
	for the quarterly period ended	June 30, 2019
or
☐	Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the transition period from ______ to ______
Commission file number		001-36113

COLUMBIA PROPERTY TRUST, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

  __________________________________

Maryland	20-0068852
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

1170 Peachtree Street, Suite 600, Atlanta, Georgia 30309

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

(404) 465-2200

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class	Trading Symbols	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock	CXP	NYSE

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes  ☒  No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company, or emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer", "accelerated filer", "smaller reporting company", and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (check one).

Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging Growth Company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes  ☐    No  ☒

Number of shares outstanding of the registrant's

only class of common stock, as of July 22, 2019: 116,908,658 shares

FORM 10-Q

COLUMBIA PROPERTY TRUST, INC.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION		Page No.
Item 1.	Consolidated Financial Statements	Page 4
	Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2019 (unaudited) and December 31, 2018 (unaudited)	Page 5
	Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 (unaudited) and 2018 (unaudited)	Page 6
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 (unaudited) and 2018 (unaudited)	Page 7
	Consolidated Statements of Equity for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 (unaudited) and 2018 (unaudited)	Page 8
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 (unaudited) and 2018 (unaudited)	Page 10
	Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)	Page 11
Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	Page 43
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	Page 56
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	Page 57
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	Page 58
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	Page 58
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	Page 58
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	Page 58
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	Page 58
Item 5.	Other Information	Page 58
Item 6.	Exhibits	Page 59

Page 2

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain statements contained in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Columbia Property Trust, Inc. ("Columbia Property Trust," "we," "our," or "us"), other than historical facts may constitute "forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (set forth in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934). Columbia Property Trust intends for all such forward-looking statements presented in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q ("Form 10-Q"), or that management may make orally or in writing from time to time, to be covered by the applicable safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in those acts.

Such statements in this current Form 10-Q include, among other things, information about possible or assumed future results of the business and our financial condition, liquidity, results of operations, plans, strategies, prospects, and objectives. Such forward-looking statements can generally be identified by our use of forward-looking terminology such as "may," "will," "expect," "intend," "anticipate," "estimate," "believe," "continue," or other similar words. As forward-looking statements, these statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties, including known and unknown risks, which could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected or anticipated. These risks, uncertainties, and other factors include, without limitation:

• risks affecting the real estate industry, and the office sector in particular, (such as the inability to enter into new leases, dependence on tenants' financial condition, and competition from other owners of real estate);

• risks relating to our ability to maintain and increase property occupancy rates and rental rates;

• adverse economic or real estate market developments in our target markets;

• risks relating to the use of debt to fund acquisitions;

• availability and terms of financing;

• ability to refinance indebtedness as it comes due;

• sensitivity of our operations and financing arrangements to fluctuations in interest rates;

• reductions in asset valuations and related impairment charges;

• risks relating to construction, development, and redevelopment activities;

• risks associated with joint ventures, including disagreements with, or misconduct by, joint venture partners;

• risks relating to repositioning our portfolio;

• risks relating to reduced demand for, or over supply of, office space in our markets;

• risks relating to lease terminations, lease defaults, or changes in the financial condition of our tenants, particularly by a significant tenant;

• risks relating to acquisition and disposition activities;

• risks associated with our ability to continue to qualify as a real estate investment trust ("REIT");

• risks associated with possible cybersecurity attacks against us or any of our tenants;

• potential liability for uninsured losses and environmental contamination;

• potential adverse impact of market interest rates on the market price for our securities; and

• risks associated with our dependence on key personnel whose continued service is not guaranteed.

For further discussion of these and additional risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ from expectation, see Item 1A, Risk Factors, in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, we can give no assurances that our expectations will be achieved. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date this Form 10-Q is filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). We do not intend to update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.

Page 3

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The information furnished in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, equity, and cash flows, reflects all normal and recurring adjustments that are, in management's opinion, necessary for a fair and consistent presentation of the aforementioned financial statements. The accompanying consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the condensed notes to Columbia Property Trust's financial statements and Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and with audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes for the year ended December 31, 2018. Columbia Property Trust's results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results expected for the full year.

Page 4

COLUMBIA PROPERTY TRUST, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except share and per-share amounts) 

	(Unaudited)
	June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
Assets:
Real estate assets, at cost:
Land	$	803,986		$	817,975
Buildings and improvements, less accumulated depreciation of $395,250 and $403,355, as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively	1,784,994			1,910,041
Intangible lease assets, less accumulated amortization of $78,234 and $84,881, as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively	60,654			98,540
Construction in progress	39,893			33,800
Total real estate assets	2,689,527			2,860,356
Operating lease assets	63,563			—
Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures	1,064,648			1,071,353
Cash and cash equivalents	11,981			17,118
Tenant receivables, net of $4 allowance for doubtful accounts as of December 31, 2018	2,904			3,258
Straight-line rent receivable	87,190			87,159
Prepaid expenses and other assets	37,420			23,218
Intangible lease origination costs, less accumulated amortization of $62,124 and $65,348, as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively	29,620			34,092
Deferred lease costs, less accumulated amortization of $23,850 and $27,735, as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively	57,942			77,439
Total assets	$	4,044,795		$	4,173,993
Liabilities:
Line of credit and notes payable, net of unamortized deferred financing costs of $2,391 and $2,692, as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively	$	494,609		$	629,308
Bonds payable, net of discounts of $1,214 and $1,304 and unamortized deferred financing costs of $3,856 and $4,158, as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively	694,930			694,538
Operating lease liabilities	34,684			—
Accounts payable, accrued expenses, and accrued capital expenditures	43,403			49,117
Dividends payable	—			23,340
Deferred income	16,296			15,593
Intangible lease liabilities, less accumulated amortization of $24,208 and $21,766, as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively	18,142			21,081
Total liabilities	1,302,064			1,432,977
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 7)	—			—
Equity:
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 225,000,000 shares authorized, 116,908,658 and 116,698,033 shares issued and outstanding, as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively	1,169			1,167
Additional paid-in capital	4,422,833			4,421,587
Cumulative distributions in excess of earnings	(1,679,580		)	(1,684,082		)
Cumulative other comprehensive income (loss)	(1,691		)	2,344
Total equity	2,742,731			2,741,016
Total liabilities and equity	$	4,044,795		$	4,173,993

See accompanying notes.

Page 5

COLUMBIA PROPERTY TRUST, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(in thousands, except per-share amounts)

	(Unaudited)						(Unaudited)
	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Revenues:
Lease revenues	$	69,601		$	71,409		$	141,463		$	141,769
Management fee income	1,898			1,818			3,767			3,577
Other property income	1,231			2,143			2,933			3,734
	72,730			75,370			148,163			149,080
Expenses:
Property operating costs	22,586			22,450			46,823			45,512
Management fee expenses	164			205			419			413
Depreciation	19,335			20,681			39,739			41,516
Amortization	7,106			8,623			14,567			16,639
Impairment loss on real estate assets	—			30,812			—			30,812
General and administrative – corporate	8,180			8,282			16,604			16,076
General and administrative – unconsolidated joint ventures	838			736			1,647			1,467
	58,209			91,789			119,799			152,435
Other Income (Expense):
Interest expense	(10,897		)	(14,314		)	(22,992		)	(30,209		)
Gain on extinguishment of debt	—			23,713			—			23,713
Interest and other income	—			1,814			1			3,617
Gain on sale of unconsolidated joint venture interests	—			—			—			762
Income tax expense	(9		)	(6		)	(16		)	(13		)
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures	2,214			1,773			3,985			3,544
Gain on sale of real estate assets	41,918			—			41,918			—
	33,226			12,980			22,896			1,414
Net income (loss)	$	47,747		$	(3,439	)	$	51,260		$	(1,941	)
Per-Share Information – Basic:
Net income (loss)	$	0.41		$	(0.03	)	$	0.44		$	(0.02	)
Weighted-average common shares outstanding – basic	116,509			118,035			116,486			118,556
Per-Share Information – Diluted:
Net income (loss)	$	0.41		$	(0.03	)	$	0.44		$	(0.02	)
Weighted-average common shares outstanding – diluted	116,823			118,462			116,776			118,960

See accompanying notes.

Page 6

COLUMBIA PROPERTY TRUST, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(in thousands)

	(Unaudited)						(Unaudited)
	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Net income (loss)	$	47,747		$	(3,439	)	$	51,260		$	(1,941	)
Market value adjustments to interest rate swap	(2,604		)	938			(4,035		)	3,452
Comprehensive income (loss)	$	45,143		$	(2,501	)	$	47,225		$	1,511

See accompanying notes.

Page 7

COLUMBIA PROPERTY TRUST, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY

FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018 (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per-share amounts)

	For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
	Common Stock			Additional Paid-In Capital		Cumulative Distributions in Excess of Earnings			Cumulative Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Total Equity
	Shares	Amount
Balance, March 31, 2019	116,880	$	1,169	$	4,420,727	$	(1,703,945	)	$	913		$	2,718,864
Common stock issued to employees and directors, and amortized (net of income tax withholdings)	29	—		2,106		—			—			2,106
Distributions to common stockholders ($0.20 per share)	—	—		—		(23,382		)	—			(23,382		)
Net income	—	—		—		47,747			—			47,747
Market value adjustment to interest rate swap	—	—		—		—			(2,604		)	(2,604		)
Balance, June 30, 2019	116,909	$	1,169	$	4,422,833	$	(1,679,580	)	$	(1,691	)	$	2,742,731

	For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
	Common Stock			Additional Paid-In Capital		Cumulative Distributions in Excess of Earnings			Cumulative Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Total Equity
	Shares	Amount
Balance, December 31, 2018	116,698	$	1,167	$	4,421,587	$	(1,684,082	)	$	2,344		$	2,741,016
Common stock issued to employees and directors, and amortized (net of income tax withholdings)	211	2		1,246		—			—			1,248
Distributions to common stockholders ($0.40 per share)	—	—		—		(46,758		)	—			(46,758		)
Net income	—	—		—		51,260			—			51,260
Market value adjustment to interest rate swap	—	—		—		—			(4,035		)	(4,035		)
Balance, June 30, 2019	116,909	$	1,169	$	4,422,833	$	(1,679,580	)	$	(1,691	)	$	2,742,731

Page 8

	For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
	Common Stock					Additional Paid-In Capital			Cumulative Distributions in Excess of Earnings			Cumulative Other Comprehensive Income		Total Equity
	Shares		Amount
Balance, March 31, 2018	118,602		$	1,186		$	4,459,354		$	(1,621,498	)	$	3,417	$	2,842,459
Repurchases of common stock	(659	)	(6		)	(14,497		)	—			—		(14,503		)
Common stock issued to employees and directors, and amortized (net of income tax withholdings)	31		—			2,197			—			—		2,197
Distributions to common stockholders ($0.20 per share)	—		—			—			(23,640		)	—		(23,640		)
Net loss	—		—			—			(3,439		)	—		(3,439		)
Market value adjustment to interest rate swap	—		—			—			—			938		938
Balance, June 30, 2018	117,974		$	1,180		$	4,447,054		$	(1,648,577	)	$	4,355	$	2,804,012

	For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
	Common Stock					Additional Paid-In Capital			Cumulative Distributions in Excess of Earnings			Cumulative Other Comprehensive Income		Total Equity
	Shares		Amount
Balance, December 31, 2017	119,789		$	1,198		$	4,487,071		$	(1,957,236	)	$	903	$	2,531,936
Cumulative-effect adjustment for the adoption of ASU 2017-05	—		—			—			357,755			—		357,755
Cumulative-effect adjustment for the adoption of ASU 2014-09	—		—			—			343			—		343
Repurchases of common stock	(1,954	)	(19		)	(41,770		)	—			—		(41,789		)
Common stock issued to employees and directors, and amortized (net of income tax withholdings)	139		1			1,753			—			—		1,754
Distributions to common stockholders ($0.40 per share)	—		—			—			(47,498		)	—		(47,498		)
Net loss	—		—			—			(1,941		)	—		(1,941		)
Market value adjustment to interest rate swap	—		—			—			—			3,452		3,452
Balance, June 30, 2018	117,974		$	1,180		$	4,447,054		$	(1,648,577	)	$	4,355	$	2,804,012

See accompanying notes.

Page 9

COLUMBIA PROPERTY TRUST, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

	(Unaudited)
	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
Net income (loss)	$	51,260		$	(1,941	)
Adjustments to Reconcile Net Income (Loss) to Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities:
Straight-line rental income	(8,201		)	(17,207		)
Noncash operating lease expense	424			—
Depreciation	39,739			41,516
Amortization	12,315			15,440
Stock-based compensation expense	3,641			3,722
Impairment loss on real estate assets	—			30,812
Noncash interest expense	1,282			1,708
Gain on extinguishment of debt	—			(23,713		)
Gain on sale of unconsolidated joint venture interests	—			(762		)
Income from unconsolidated joint ventures	(3,985		)	(3,544		)
Distributions of earnings from unconsolidated joint ventures	13,526			15,015
Gain on sale of real estate assets	(41,918		)	—
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions and dispositions:
Decrease (increase) in tenant receivables, net	603			(1,039		)
Decrease (increase) in prepaid expenses and other assets	(2,087		)	1,591
Decrease in accounts payable and accrued expenses	(3,786		)	(39,934		)
Increase (decrease) in deferred income	703			(2,481		)
Net cash provided by operating activities	63,516			19,183
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
Net proceeds from the sale of real estate	193,912			284,608
Net proceeds from sale of investments in unconsolidated joint ventures	—			235,083
Prepaid transaction costs and earnest money	(14,216		)	—
Capital improvement and development costs	(35,212		)	(40,084		)
Deferred lease costs paid	(2,773		)	(7,510		)
Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures	(9,067		)	(2,460		)
Distributions from unconsolidated joint ventures	6,364			4,585
Net cash provided by investing activities	139,008			474,222
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
Financing costs paid	(162		)	(149		)
Proceeds from lines of credit and notes payable	114,000			150,000
Repayments of lines of credit and notes payable	(249,000		)	(525,639		)
Distributions paid to stockholders	(70,098		)	(71,459		)
Redemptions of common stock	(2,401		)	(43,764		)
Net cash used in financing activities	(207,661		)	(491,011		)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	(5,137		)	2,394
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	17,118			9,567
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	11,981		$	11,961

See accompanying notes.

Page 10

COLUMBIA PROPERTY TRUST, INC.

CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

JUNE 30, 2019

(unaudited)

1. Organization

Columbia Property Trust, Inc. ("Columbia Property Trust") (NYSE: CXP) is a Maryland corporation that operates as a real estate investment trust ("REIT") for federal income tax purposes, and owns and operates commercial real estate properties. Columbia Property Trust conducts business primarily through Columbia Property Trust Operating Partnership, L.P. ("Columbia Property Trust OP"), a Delaware limited partnership in which Columbia Property Trust is the general partner and sole owner. Columbia Property Trust acquires, develops, redevelops, owns, leases, and operates real properties directly, through wholly owned subsidiaries, or through joint ventures. Unless otherwise noted herein, references to Columbia Property Trust, "we," "us," or "our" herein shall include Columbia Property Trust and all subsidiaries of Columbia Property Trust, direct and indirect.

As of June 30, 2019, Columbia Property Trust owned 17 operating properties and two properties under development or redevelopment, of which 13 were wholly owned and six were owned through unconsolidated joint ventures, located primarily in New York, San Francisco, and Washington, D.C. As of June 30, 2019, the operating properties contained 8.2 million rentable square feet and were approximately 97.6% leased.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements of Columbia Property Trust have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"), including the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X, and do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, the statements for the unaudited interim periods presented include all adjustments, which are of a normal and recurring nature, necessary for a fair and consistent presentation of the results for such periods. Results for these interim periods are not necessarily indicative of a full year's results. For additional information on Columbia Property Trust's unconsolidated joint ventures, which are accounted for using the equity method of accounting, see Note 4, Unconsolidated Joint Ventures. Columbia Property Trust's consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Columbia Property Trust, Columbia Property Trust OP, and any variable-interest entity in which Columbia Property Trust or Columbia Property Trust OP is deemed the primary beneficiary. With respect to entities that are not variable interest entities, Columbia Property Trust's consolidated financial statements also include the accounts of any entity in which Columbia Property Trust, Columbia Property Trust OP, or their subsidiaries own a controlling financial interest and any limited partnership in which Columbia Property Trust, Columbia Property Trust OP, or their subsidiaries own a controlling general partnership interest. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. For further information, refer to the financial statements and footnotes included in Columbia Property Trust's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 (the "2018 Form 10-K").

Fair Value Measurements

Columbia Property Trust estimates the fair value of its assets and liabilities (where currently required under GAAP) consistent with the provisions of Accounting Standard Codification 820, Fair Value Measurements ("ASC 820"). Under this standard, fair value is defined as the price that would be received upon sale of an asset or paid upon transfer of a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, under current market conditions. While various techniques and assumptions can be used to estimate fair value depending on the nature of the asset or liability, the accounting standard for fair value measurements and disclosures provides the following fair value technique parameters and hierarchy, depending upon availability:

Level 1 – Assets or liabilities for which the identical term is traded on an active exchange, such as publicly traded instruments or futures contracts.

Level 2 – Assets or liabilities valued based on observable market data for similar instruments.

Level 3 – Assets or liabilities for which significant valuation assumptions are not readily observable in the market. Such assets or liabilities are valued based on the best available data, some of which may be internally developed. Significant assumptions may include risk premiums that a market participant would consider.

Page 11

Real Estate Assets

Columbia Property Trust is required to make subjective assessments as to the useful lives of its depreciable assets. To determine the appropriate useful life of an asset, Columbia Property Trust considers the period of future benefit of the asset. These assessments have a direct impact on net income. The estimated useful lives of its assets by class are as follows:

Buildings	40 years
Building and site improvements	5-25 years
Tenant improvements	Shorter of economic life or lease term
Intangible lease assets	Lease term

As further described in Note 5, Line of Credit and Notes Payable, Columbia Property Trust capitalizes interest incurred on outstanding debt balances as well as joint venture investments, as appropriate, during development or redevelopment of real estate held directly or in unconsolidated joint ventures. During both the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, $1.0 million of interest was capitalized to construction in progress; and during both the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, $1.9 million of interest was capitalized to construction in progress. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, $0.3 million and $0.6 million, respectively, were capitalized to investments in unconsolidated joint ventures. No interest was capitalized to investments in unconsolidated joint ventures during the six months ended June 30, 2018.

Assets Held for Sale

Columbia Property Trust classifies properties as held for sale according to Accounting Standard Codification 360, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets ("ASC 360"). According to ASC 360, properties having separately identifiable operations and cash flows are considered held for sale when all of the following criteria are met:

• Management, having the authority to approve the action, commits to a plan to sell the property.

• The property is available for immediate sale in its present condition subject only to terms that are usual and customary for sales of such property.

• An active program to locate a buyer and other actions required to complete the plan to sell the property have been initiated.

• The property is being actively marketed for sale at a price that is reasonable in relation to its current fair value.

• Actions required to complete the plan indicate that it is unlikely that significant changes to the plan will be made or that the plan will be withdrawn.

• The sale of the property is probable (i.e., typically subject to a binding sale contract with a non-refundable deposit), and transfer of the property is expected to qualify for recognition as a completed sale within one year.

None of Columbia Property Trust's properties met the criteria to be classified as held for sale in the accompanying balance sheets as of June 30, 2019 or December 31, 2018.

Evaluating the Recoverability of Real Estate Assets

Columbia Property Trust continually monitors events and changes in circumstances that could indicate that the net carrying amounts of its real estate and related intangible assets and liabilities, of both operating properties and properties under development or redevelopment, may not be recoverable. When indicators of potential impairment are present that suggest that the net carrying amounts of real estate assets and related intangible assets and liabilities may not be recoverable, Columbia Property Trust assesses the recoverability of these net assets by determining whether the respective carrying values will be recovered through the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected from the use of the net assets and their eventual disposition. In the event that such expected undiscounted future cash flows do not exceed the carrying values, Columbia Property Trust adjusts the carrying values of the real estate assets and related intangible assets and liabilities to the estimated fair values, pursuant to the property, plant, and equipment accounting standard for the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets, and recognizes an impairment loss. At such time that a property is required to be classified as held for sale, its net carrying amount is adjusted to the lower of its depreciated book value or its estimated fair value, less costs to sell, and depreciation is no longer recognized.

Estimated fair values are calculated based on the following hierarchy of information: (i) recently quoted market prices, (ii) market prices for comparable properties, or (iii) the present value of future cash flows, including estimated residual value. Projections of expected future operating cash flows require that Columbia Property Trust estimate future market rental income amounts subsequent to the expiration of current lease agreements, property operating expenses, the number of months it takes to re-lease the property, and the number of years the property is held for investment, among other factors. Due to the inherent subjectivity of the assumptions used to project future cash flows, estimated fair values may differ from the values that would be realized in market transactions.

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Certain of Columbia Property Trust's assets may be carried at an amount that exceeds that which could be realized in a current disposition transaction. Columbia Property Trust has determined that the carrying values of its real estate assets and related intangible assets are recoverable as of June 30, 2019.

In the second quarter of 2018, Columbia Property Trust recognized an impairment loss of $30.8 million in connection with changing the holding period expectations for 222 East 41st Street in New York. Columbia Property Trust widely marketed this property for sale during the second quarter and, as a result, entered into an agreement to sell this property on May 25, 2018 and closed on the sale on May 29, 2018. Upon entering into the sale agreement, Columbia Property Trust reduced 222 East 41st Street's carrying value to reflect its fair value, estimated based on the net contract price of $284.6 million (Level 1), by recording an impairment loss of $30.8 million in the second quarter of 2018.

Intangible Assets and Liabilities Arising From In-Place Leases Where Columbia Property Trust Is the Lessor

Upon the acquisition of real properties, Columbia Property Trust allocates the purchase price of the properties to tangible assets, consisting of land, building, site improvements, and identified intangible assets and liabilities, including the value of in-place leases, based in each case on Columbia Property Trust's estimate of their fair values in accordance with ASC 820 (see "Fair Value Measurements" section above for additional detail). As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, Columbia Property Trust had the following intangible assets and liabilities, arising from in-place leases, excluding amounts held for sale, if applicable (in thousands):

		Intangible Lease Assets						Intangible Lease Origination Costs			Intangible Below-Market In-Place Lease Liabilities
		Above-Market In-Place Lease Assets			Absorption Period Costs
June 30, 2019	Gross	$	3,175		$	135,713		$	91,744		$	42,350
	Accumulated Amortization	(1,225		)	(77,009		)	(62,124		)	(24,208		)
	Net	$	1,950		$	58,704		$	29,620		$	18,142
December 31, 2018	Gross	$	3,174		$	147,668		$	99,440		$	42,847
	Accumulated Amortization	(1,060		)	(81,220		)	(65,348		)	(21,766		)
	Net	$	2,114		$	66,448		$	34,092		$	21,081

Intangible Assets and Liabilities Arising From In-Place Leases Where Columbia Property Trust Is the Lessee

As of December 31, 2018, Columbia Property Trust had gross below-market lease assets of approximately $32.6 million, net of accumulated amortization of $2.6 million. These below-market lease assets were reclassified to operating lease assets upon adoption of ASC 842, as described below. See Note 10, Leases, for more information.

Amortization of Intangible Assets and Liabilities Arising From In-Place Leases

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, Columbia Property Trust recognized the following amortization of intangible lease assets and liabilities (in thousands):

	Intangible Lease Assets				Intangible Lease Origination Costs		Intangible Below-Market In-Place Lease Liabilities
	Above-Market In-Place Lease Assets		Absorption Period Costs
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2019	$	82	$	3,534	$	2,020	$	1,401
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2018	$	51	$	4,436	$	2,538	$	2,315
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019	$	164	$	7,190	$	4,120	$	2,827
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018	$	102	$	8,775	$	4,957	$	3,904

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The net intangible assets and liabilities remaining as of June 30, 2019 will be amortized as follows, excluding amounts held for sale, if applicable (in thousands):

	Intangible Lease Assets				Intangible Lease Origination Costs		Intangible Below-Market In-Place Lease Liabilities
	Above-Market In-Place Lease Assets		Absorption Period Costs
For the remainder of 2019	$	164	$	6,883	$	3,957	$	2,725
For the years ending December 31:
2020	275		12,338		7,406		4,597
2021	247		7,490		3,429		1,714
2022	243		5,848		2,406		1,374
2023	243		5,098		2,165		1,308
2024	230		4,756		2,062		1,162
Thereafter	548		16,291		8,195		5,262
	$	1,950	$	58,704	$	29,620	$	18,142

Interest Rate Swap Agreements

Columbia Property Trust enters into interest rate swap contracts to mitigate its interest rate risk on the related financial instruments. Columbia Property Trust does not enter into derivative or interest rate swap transactions for speculative purposes; however, certain of its derivatives may not qualify for hedge accounting treatment. Columbia Property Trust records the fair value of its interest rate swaps on its consolidated balance sheet either as prepaid expenses and other assets or as accounts payable, accrued expenses, and accrued capital expenditures. Changes in the fair value of interest rate swaps that are designated as cash flow hedges are recorded as other comprehensive income. Changes in the fair value of interest rate swaps that do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment are recorded as gain or loss on interest rate swaps. Amounts received or paid under interest rate swap agreements are recorded as interest expense for contracts that qualify for hedge accounting treatment and as gain or loss on interest rate swaps for contracts that do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment. The following tables provide additional information related to Columbia Property Trust's interest rate swaps (in thousands):

		Estimated Fair Value as of
Instrument Type	Balance Sheet Classification	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate contracts	Prepaid expenses and other assets	$	—	$	2,344
Interest rate contracts	Accounts payable	$	1,691	$	—

Columbia Property Trust applied the provisions of ASC 820 in recording its interest rate swaps at fair value. The fair values of the interest rate swaps, classified under Level 2, were determined using a third-party proprietary model that is based on prevailing market data for contracts with matching durations, current and anticipated London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") information, and reasonable estimates about relevant future market conditions. Columbia Property Trust has determined that the fair value, as determined by the third party, is reasonable.

	Three Months Ended June 30,					Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018		2019			2018
Market value adjustment to interest rate swaps designated as hedging instruments and included in other comprehensive income	$	(2,604	)	$	938	$	(4,035	)	$	3,452

During the periods presented, no hedge ineffectiveness was required to be recognized into earnings on the interest rate swaps that qualified for hedge accounting treatment.

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Income Taxes

Columbia Property Trust has elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code") and has operated as such beginning with its taxable year ended December 31, 2003. To qualify as a REIT, Columbia Property Trust must meet certain organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement to distribute at least 90% of its REIT taxable income, as defined by the Code, to its stockholders. To the extent that Columbia Property Trust satisfies the distribution requirement but distributes less than 100% of its REIT taxable income, Columbia Property Trust would be subject to federal and state corporate income tax on the undistributed income. Generally, Columbia Property Trust does not incur federal income taxes, other than as described in the following paragraph, because its stockholder distributions typically exceed its taxable income due to noncash expenses such as depreciation. Columbia Property Trust is, however, subject to certain state and local taxes related to the operations of properties in certain locations, which have been provided for in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

Columbia Property Trust TRS, LLC and Columbia KCP TRS, LLC (collectively, the "TRS Entities") are wholly owned subsidiaries of Columbia Property Trust and are organized as Delaware limited liability companies. The TRS Entities, among other things, provide tenant services that Columbia Property Trust, as a REIT, cannot otherwise provide. Columbia Property Trust has elected to treat the TRS Entities as taxable REIT subsidiaries. Columbia Property Trust may perform certain additional, noncustomary services for tenants of its buildings through the TRS Entities; however, any earnings related to such services are subject to federal and state income taxes. In addition, for Columbia Property Trust to continue to qualify as a REIT, Columbia Property Trust must limit its investments in taxable REIT subsidiaries to 20% of the value of the total assets. The TRS Entities' deferred tax assets and liabilities represent temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of assets and liabilities based on the enacted rates expected to be in effect when the temporary differences reverse. If applicable, Columbia Property Trust records interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as general and administrative expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

Reclassification

In connection with adopting Accounting Standard Codification 842, Leases ("ASC 842"), effective January 1, 2019, rental income and tenant reimbursements have been combined into the lease revenues line on the consolidated statements of operations for all periods presented. See Recent Accounting Pronouncements below for additional details. In accordance with Accounting Standard Codification 360, Property, Plant, and Equipment ("ASC 360"), and in response to the Securities and Exchange Commission's "Disclosure Update and Simplification" release effective November 5, 2018, gains on sales of real estate assets have been reclassified to other income (expense) on our consolidated statements of operations for all periods presented.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Effective January 1, 2019, Columbia Property Trust adopted ASC 842, which amends the lease accounting rules with the following key changes:

• Lessees are required to record a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all leases with a term of greater than 12 months, and to classify such leases as either finance or operating leases based on the principle of whether or not the lease is effectively a financed purchase of the leased asset by the lessee, or not. This classification will determine whether the lease expense is recognized using the effective interest method (finance leases) or on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease (operating leases).

• Lessors are required to account for leases using an approach that is substantially similar to the pre-existing rules for operating leases, sales-type leases, and direct financing leases, with a few targeted changes, including that: (i) lessors are no longer permitted to capitalize and amortize initial indirect costs incurred to obtain a lease, and (ii) provisions for uncollectible tenant receivables are reflected as a reduction to lease revenues, instead of as general and administrative expense.

In connection with transitioning to ASC 842, Columbia Property Trust elected to use certain practical expedients which impact the Company as follows:

• Prospective implementation. In-place contracts retain their character as to whether they meet the definition of a lease or not; in-place leases retain their classification as an operating, sales-type, or direct financing lease; and prior-period accounting and presentation is unchanged.

• Rental income and tenant reimbursements for operating leases are combined in a single line on the statements of operations for all periods presented.

• Leases with a term of 12 months or less are expensed as incurred, as provided for in a practical expedient elected by Columbia Property Trust.

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See Note 10, Leases, for additional information.

Accounting Standard Update 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement: Disclosure Framework – Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement ("ASU 2018-13"), which will be effective for Columbia Property Trust on January 1, 2020, expands the disclosure requirements related to a change in fair value technique hierarchy. ASU 2018-13 is not expected to have a material impact on Columbia Property Trust's consolidated financial statements or disclosures.

3. Real Estate Transactions

Acquisitions

During 2018, Columbia Property Trust acquired the following properties. Columbia Property Trust did not acquire any properties during the six months ended June 30, 2019.

Property	Location	Date	Percent Acquired		Purchase Price(1) (in thousands)
2018
799 Broadway	New York, NY	October 3, 2018	49.7	%	$	30,200	(2)
Lindbergh Center – Retail	Atlanta, GA	October 24, 2018	100.0	%	$	23,000

⁽¹⁾  Exclusive of transaction costs and price adjustments. See purchase price allocation table below for a breakout of the net purchase price for wholly owned properties.

⁽²⁾  Purchase price is for Columbia Property Trust's partial interests in the property, which is owned through an unconsolidated joint venture.

799 Broadway Joint Venture

On October 3, 2018, Columbia Property Trust formed a joint venture with Normandy Real Estate Partners ("Normandy") for the purpose of developing a 12-story, 182,000-square-foot office building at 799 Broadway in New York (the "799 Broadway Joint Venture"). Columbia Property Trust made an initial equity contribution of $30.2 million in the 799 Broadway Joint Venture for a 49.7% interest therein. At inception, the 799 Broadway Joint Venture acquired the property located at 799 Broadway for $145.5 million, exclusive of transaction costs and development costs, and borrowed $97.0 million under a construction loan with total capacity of $187.0 million.

Lindbergh Center – Retail

On October 24, 2018, Columbia Property Trust acquired the 147,000 square feet of ancillary retail and office space surrounding its existing property, Lindbergh Center, for a gross purchase price of $23.0 million. As of the acquisition date, Lindbergh Center – Retail was 91% leased to 14 tenants, including Pike Nurseries (18%).

Purchase Price Allocations for Consolidated Property Acquisitions

	Lindbergh Center – Retail
Location	Atlanta, GA
Date acquired	October 24, 2018
Purchase Price (in thousands):
Building and improvements	$	17,558
Intangible lease assets	5,726
Intangible lease origination costs	794
Intangible below market lease liability	(715		)
Total purchase price	$	23,363

Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, provides a discussion of the estimated useful life for each asset class.

Pro Forma Financial Information

The following unaudited pro forma statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, have been prepared for Columbia Property Trust to give effect to the acquisition of Lindbergh Center – Retail as if the acquisition had occurred on January 1, 2017. Columbia Property Trust owned Lindbergh Center – Retail for the entirety of the three and six months ended

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June 30, 2019. The following unaudited pro forma financial results for Columbia Property Trust have been prepared for informational purposes only and are not necessarily indicative of future results or of actual results that would have been achieved had this acquisition been consummated as of January 1, 2017 (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2018			Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
Revenues	$	76,118		$	150,576
Net income	$	(3,416	)	$	(1,895	)

Dispositions

During 2018 and the 2019, Columbia Property Trust disposed of the following properties, or partial interests in properties of unconsolidated joint ventures. Additional information for certain of the disposition transactions is provided below the table.

Property	Location	Date	% Sold		Sales Price(1)  (in thousands)		Gain on Sale (in thousands)
2019
One & Three Glenlake Parkway	Atlanta, GA	April 15, 2019	100.0	%	$	227,500	$	41,918
2018
222 East 41st Street	New York, NY	May 29, 2018	100.0	%	$	332,500	$	—
263 Shuman Boulevard	Chicago, IL	April 13, 2018	100.0	%	$	49,000	$	24,039
University Circle & 333 Market Street Joint Ventures	San Francisco, CA	February 1, 2018	22.5	%	$	235,300	$	762

⁽¹⁾  Exclusive of transaction costs and price adjustments.

One & Three Glenlake Parkway

On April 15, 2019, Columbia Property Trust closed on the sale of One & Three Glenlake Parkway in Atlanta, for a gross sale price of $227.5 million, exclusive of $33.6 million of adjustments for tenant improvements and rent abatements funded at closing.

222 East 41st Street

On May 29, 2018, Columbia Property Trust closed on the sale of 222 East 41st Street in New York, for $332.5 million, exclusive of transaction costs. Columbia Property Trust recognized an impairment loss of $30.8 million related to this property in the second quarter of 2018, as further described in Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. The proceeds from this transaction were used to fully repay the $180.0 million remaining balance on a bridge loan.

263 Shuman Boulevard

On April 13, 2018, Columbia Property Trust transferred 263 Shuman Boulevard to the lender, which extinguished the $49.0 million mortgage liability, accrued interest, and accrued property operating costs, and resulted in a $24.0 million gain on extinguishment of debt.

University Circle & 333 Market Street Joint Ventures

On July 6, 2017, Columbia Property Trust contributed University Circle and 333 Market Street to joint ventures, and simultaneously sold a 22.5% interest in these joint ventures. On February 1, 2018, Columbia Property Trust sold an additional 22.5% interest in University Circle and 333 Market Street to its joint venture partner for $235.3 million, which resulted in a $0.8 million gain on sale of unconsolidated joint venture interests. The gain on sale is calculated as the net sales price over the adjusted carrying value of the joint venture interest sold. Following this transaction, Columbia Property Trust owns a 55.0% interest in the University Circle and 333 Market Street joint ventures. The proceeds from the February 1, 2018 transaction were used to reduce the balance on a bridge loan and the Revolving Credit Facility, as described in Note 5, Line of Credit and Notes Payable.

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4.    Unconsolidated Joint Ventures

As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, Columbia Property Trust owned interests in the following properties through joint ventures, which are accounted for using the equity method of accounting:

					Carrying Value of Investment(1)
Joint Venture	Property Name	Geographic Market	Ownership Interest		June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Market Square Joint Venture	Market Square	Washington, D.C.	51.0	%	$	136,523	$	134,250
University Circle Joint Venture	University Circle	San Francisco	55.0	%	288,460		292,951
333 Market Street Joint Venture	333 Market Street	San Francisco	55.0	%	271,972		273,783
114 Fifth Avenue Joint Venture	114 Fifth Avenue	New York	49.5	%	94,550		99,283
1800 M Street Joint Venture	1800 M Street	Washington, D.C.	55.0	%	235,118		237,333
799 Broadway Joint Venture(2)	799 Broadway	New York, NY	49.7	%	38,025		33,753
					$	1,064,648	$	1,071,353

⁽¹⁾  Includes basis differences.

⁽²⁾  Columbia Property Trust capitalized interest of $0.3 million and $0.6 million on its investment in the 799 Broadway Joint Venture during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively.

Columbia Property Trust has determined that none of its unconsolidated joint ventures are variable interest entities. However, Columbia Property Trust and its partners have substantive participation rights in the joint ventures, including management selection and termination, and the approval of operating and capital decisions. As such, Columbia Property Trust uses the equity method of accounting to record its investment in these joint ventures. Under the equity method, the investment in the joint venture is recorded at cost and adjusted for cash contributions and distributions, and allocations of income or loss.

Columbia Property Trust evaluates the recoverability of its investments in unconsolidated joint ventures in accordance with accounting standards for equity investments by first reviewing the investment for any indicators of impairment. If indicators are present, Columbia Property Trust estimates the fair value of the investment. If the carrying value of the investment is greater than the estimated fair value, management makes an assessment of whether the deficit is "temporary" or "other-than-temporary," and if other-than-temporary, reduces the carrying value to reflect the estimated fair value by recording an impairment loss. In making this assessment, management considers the following: (1) the length of time and the extent to which fair value has been less than cost and (2) Columbia Property Trust's intent and ability to retain its interest long enough for a recovery in market value. Based on the analysis described above, Columbia Property Trust has determined that none of its investments in joint ventures are impaired as of June 30, 2019.

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Condensed Combined Financial Information

Summarized balance sheet information for each of the unconsolidated joint ventures is as follows (in thousands):

	Total Assets				Total Debt					Total Equity(1)
	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018		June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018		June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Market Square Joint Venture	$	584,505	$	582,176	$	324,788	(2)	$	324,762	$	244,862	$	241,581
University Circle Joint Venture	222,461		224,746		—			—		216,363		219,390
333 Market Street Joint Venture	373,251		375,884		—			—		357,188		360,915
114 Fifth Avenue Joint Venture	495,682		377,970		—			—		140,487		149,243
1800 M Street Joint Venture	441,847		447,585		—			—		425,036		429,016
799 Broadway Joint Venture	178,121		168,390		101,333		(3)	95,630		73,938		67,189
	$	2,295,867	$	2,176,751	$	426,121		$	420,392	$	1,457,874	$	1,467,334

⁽¹⁾  Excludes basis differences. There is an aggregate net difference of $280.5 million and $282.0 million as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, between the historical costs recorded at the joint venture level, and Columbia Property Trust's investments in unconsolidated joint ventures. Such basis differences result from the timing of each partner's joint venture interest acquisition; and formation costs incurred by Columbia Property Trust. Basis differences are amortized to income (loss) from unconsolidated joint ventures over the lives of the underlying assets or liabilities.

⁽²⁾  The Market Square Joint Venture has a $325.0 million mortgage note. The Market Square mortgage note bears interest at 5.07% and matures on July 1, 2023.

⁽³⁾  Reflects $105.8 million outstanding, net of $4.5 million of net unamortized deferred financing costs, on the 799 Broadway construction loan. The 799 Broadway construction loan is being used to finance a portion of the 799 Broadway development project, has total capacity of $187.0 million, and bears interest at LIBOR, capped at 4.00%, plus a spread of 425 basis points (the "Construction Loan").  A portion of the monthly interest payments accrue into the balance of the loan. The Construction Loan matures on October 9, 2021, with two one-year extension options. For a discussion of Columbia Property Trust's equity guaranty related to the Construction Loan, see Note 7, Commitments and Contingencies.

Summarized income statement information for the unconsolidated joint ventures for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 is as follows (in thousands):

	Total Revenues				Net Income (Loss)						Columbia Property Trust's Share of Net Income (Loss)(1)
	2019		2018		2019			2018			2019			2018
Market Square Joint Venture	$	11,892	$	11,249	$	(3,138	)	$	(2,998	)	$	(1,600	)	$	(1,529	)
University Circle Joint Venture	11,644		10,003		6,366			5,243			3,501			2,885
333 Market Street Joint Venture	7,039		6,675		3,742			3,558			2,058			1,957
114 Fifth Avenue Joint Venture	10,174		10,489		(2,643		)	(2,362		)	(1,308		)	(1,169		)
1800 M Street Joint Venture	9,342		9,571		1,439			1,436			791			790
799 Broadway Joint Venture	—		—		(138		)	—			(68		)	—
	$	50,091	$	47,987	$	5,628		$	4,877		$	3,374		$	2,934

⁽¹⁾  Excludes amortization of basis differences described in footnote ⁽¹⁾ to the above table, which are recorded as income (loss) from unconsolidated joint ventures in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

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Summarized income statement information for the unconsolidated joint ventures for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 is as follows (in thousands):

	Total Revenues				Net Income (Loss)						Columbia Property Trust's Share of Net Income (Loss)(1)
	2019		2018		2019			2018			2019			2018
Market Square Joint Venture	$	23,228	$	22,264	$	(5,733	)	$	(6,007	)	$	(2,924	)	$	(3,063	)
University Circle Joint Venture	22,916		20,344		12,730			10,748			7,001			6,314
333 Market Street Joint Venture	14,093		13,343		7,456			7,115			4,100			4,184
114 Fifth Avenue Joint Venture	21,093		20,789		(5,149		)	(4,693		)	(2,549		)	(2,323		)
1800 M Street Joint Venture	18,795		18,467		1,828			1,679			1,005			923
799 Broadway Joint Venture	—		—		(664		)	—			(329		)	—
	$	100,125	$	95,207	$	10,468		$	8,842		$	6,304		$	6,035

⁽¹⁾  Excludes amortization of basis differences described in footnote ⁽¹⁾ to the above table, which are recorded as income (loss) from unconsolidated joint ventures in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

Management Fees

Columbia Property Trust provides property and asset management services to the Market Square Joint Venture, the University Circle Joint Venture, the 333 Market Street Joint Venture, and the 1800 M Street Joint Venture. Under these agreements, Columbia Property Trust oversees the day-to-day operations of these joint ventures and their properties, including property management, property accounting, and other administrative services. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, Columbia Property Trust earned the following fees from these unconsolidated joint ventures (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Market Square Joint Venture	$	579	$	552	$	1,147	$	1,075
University Circle Joint Venture	571		563		1,145		1,092
333 Market Street Joint Venture	204		196		411		393
1800 M Street Joint Venture	544		507		1,064		1,017
	$	1,898	$	1,818	$	3,767	$	3,577

Columbia Property Trust also received reimbursements of property operating costs of $1.1 million related to managing the above properties for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, and $2.2 million and $2.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. These reimbursements are included in other property income revenues in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Property and asset management fees of $0.6 million and $0.7 million were due to Columbia Property Trust from the joint ventures and are included in prepaid expenses and other assets on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Additionally, Columbia Property Trust leases office space from the Market Square Joint Venture, and the 799 Broadway Joint Venture leases retail space from Columbia Property Trust. Under these leases, Columbia Property Trust paid $74,000 to the Market Square Joint Venture and received $60,000 from the 799 Broadway Joint Venture, for the six months ended June 30, 2019.

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5.    Line of Credit and Notes Payable

As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, Columbia Property Trust had the following line of credit and notes payable indebtedness (excluding bonds payable; see Note 6, Bonds Payable) (in thousands):

Facility	June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
Revolving Credit Facility	$	347,000		$	482,000
$150 Million Term Loan	150,000			150,000
Less: Deferred financing costs related to term loans and notes payable, net of accumulated amortization	(2,391		)	(2,692		)
	$	494,609		$	629,308

On December 7, 2018, Columbia Property Trust amended and restated its $500.0 million revolving credit facility and $300.0 million unsecured term loan (together, the "Credit Agreement"). The Credit Agreement provides for (i) a $650.0 million unsecured revolving credit facility (the "Revolving Credit Facility"), with an initial term ending January 31, 2023 and two six-month extension options (for a total possible extension option of one year to January 31, 2024), subject to the paying of certain fees and the satisfaction of certain other conditions, and (ii) a 12-month, delayed-draw, $300.0 million unsecured term loan, with a term ending January 31, 2024 (the "$300 Million Term Loan"). The $300 Million Term Loan remains undrawn at June 30, 2019 and may be drawn until December 7, 2019.

At Columbia Property Trust's option, borrowings under the Credit Agreement bear interest at either (i) the alternate base rate plus an applicable margin based on five stated pricing levels ranging from 0.00% to 0.45% for the Revolving Credit Facility and 0.00% to 0.65% for the $300 Million Term Loan, or (ii) the LIBOR rate, as defined in the credit agreement, plus an applicable margin based on five stated pricing levels ranging from 0.775% to 1.45% for the Revolving Credit Facility and 0.85% to 1.65% for the $300 Million Term Loan, in each case based on the Columbia Property Trust's credit rating.

Fair Value of Debt

The estimated fair value of Columbia Property Trust's line of credit and notes payable as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, was approximately $497.1 million and $632.1 million, respectively. The related carrying value of the line of credit and notes payable as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, was $497.0 million and $632.0 million, respectively. Columbia Property Trust estimated the fair value of the $150 Million Term Loan and the Revolving Credit Facility by obtaining estimates for similar facilities from multiple market participants as of the respective reporting dates. Therefore, the fair values determined are considered to be based on observable market data for similar instruments (Level 2).

Interest Paid and Capitalized

During the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, Columbia Property Trust made interest payments of approximately $10.3 million and $12.0 million, respectively.

Columbia Property Trust capitalizes interest on development, redevelopment, and improvement projects funded directly and through its interest in unconsolidated joint ventures, using the weighted-average interest rate of its consolidated borrowings for the period. During the six months ended June 30, 2019, Columbia Property Trust capitalized interest of $2.5 million, $1.9 million of which was capitalized to construction in progress, and $0.6 million of which was capitalized to investments in unconsolidated joint ventures. During the six months ended June 30, 2018, Columbia Property Trust capitalized interest of $1.9 million, all of which was capitalized to construction in progress. For the six months ended June 30, 2019, the weighted average interest rate on Columbia Property Trust’s outstanding borrowings was 3.60%.

Debt Covenants

As of June 30, 2019, Columbia Property Trust was in compliance with all of its debt covenants on its term loans and the Revolving Credit Facility.

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6.    Bonds Payable

Columbia Property Trust has two series of bonds outstanding as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018: $350.0 million of 10-year, unsecured 3.650% senior notes issued at 99.626% of their face value (the "2026 Bonds Payable"); and $350.0 million of 10-year, unsecured 4.150% senior notes issued at 99.859% of their face value (the "2025 Bonds Payable"), (collectively, the "Bonds Payable"). Both series of bonds require semi-annual interest payments. The principal amount of the 2026 Bonds Payable is due and payable on August 15, 2026, and the principal amount of the 2025 Bonds Payable is due and payable on April 1, 2025.

Interest payments of $13.7 million were made on the Bonds Payable during both the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018. Columbia Property Trust is subject to substantially similar covenants under the 2026 Bonds Payable and the 2025 Bonds Payable. As of June 30, 2019, Columbia Property Trust was in compliance with the restrictive financial covenants on the 2026 Bonds Payable and the 2025 Bonds Payable.

As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the estimated fair value of the Bonds Payable was approximately $715.5 million and $685.0 million, respectively, and the related carrying value, net of discounts, as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 was $698.8 million and $698.7 million, respectively. The fair value of the Bonds Payable was estimated based on a discounted cash flow analysis, using observable market data for its bonds payable and similar instruments (Level 2). The discounted cash flow method of assessing fair value results in a general approximation of value, which may differ from the price that could be achieved in a market transaction.

7. Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments Under Existing Lease Agreements

Certain lease agreements include tenant allowances that, at the option of the tenant, may obligate Columbia Property Trust to expend capital to improve an existing property, or to provide other expenditures for the benefit of the tenant. As of June 30, 2019, Columbia Property Trust had one individually significant unrecorded commitment of $28.1 million for the WeWork lease at 149 Madison Avenue. These commitments will be accrued as the related costs are incurred.

Guaranties of Debt of Unconsolidated Joint Ventures

As of June 30, 2019, the 799 Broadway Joint Venture has $105.8 million in outstanding borrowings on the Construction Loan. Pursuant to a joint and several guaranty agreement with the Construction Loan lender, Columbia Property Trust and its joint venture partner are required to make aggregate additional equity contributions to the joint venture based on the initial expected project costs, less the amount of equity contributions made to date. As of June 30, 2019, the remaining equity contribution requirement is $43.5 million, of which $21.6 million reflects Columbia Property Trust's allocated share. Equity contributions become payable by Columbia Property Trust to the joint venture when a capital call is received. As of June 30, 2019, no capital calls remain unpaid; therefore, no liability has been recorded related to this guaranty.

Litigation

Columbia Property Trust is subject to various legal proceedings, claims, and administrative proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business, some of which are expected to be covered by liability insurance. Management makes assumptions and estimates concerning the likelihood and amount of any reasonably possible loss relating to these matters using the latest information available. Columbia Property Trust records a liability for litigation if an unfavorable outcome is probable, and the amount of loss or range of loss can be reasonably estimated. If an unfavorable outcome is probable and a reasonable estimate of the loss is a range, Columbia Property Trust accrues the best estimate within the range. If no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount, Columbia Property Trust accrues the minimum amount within the range. If an unfavorable outcome is probable but the amount of the loss cannot be reasonably estimated, Columbia Property Trust discloses the nature of the litigation and indicates that an estimate of the loss or range of loss cannot be made. If an unfavorable outcome is reasonably possible and the estimated loss is material, Columbia Property Trust discloses the nature and estimate of the possible loss of the litigation. Columbia Property Trust does not disclose information with respect to litigation where the possibility of an unfavorable outcome is considered to be remote. Based on current expectations, such matters, both individually and in the aggregate, are not expected to have a material adverse effect on the liquidity, results of operations, business, or financial condition of Columbia Property Trust. Columbia Property Trust is not currently involved in any legal proceedings of which management would consider the outcome to be reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on the results of operations, liquidity, or financial condition of Columbia Property Trust.

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8. Stockholders' Equity

Common Stock Repurchase Program

Columbia Property Trust's board of directors authorized a stock repurchase program to purchase up to an aggregate of $200.0 million of its common stock, par value $0.01 per share, from September 4, 2017 through September 4, 2019 (the "2017 Stock Repurchase Program"). During the six months ended June 30, 2019, Columbia Property Trust did not make any share repurchases. As of June 30, 2019, $124.4 million remains available for repurchases under the 2017 Stock Repurchase Program. Common stock repurchases are charged against equity as incurred, and the repurchased shares are retired. Columbia Property Trust will continue to evaluate the purchase of shares, primarily through open market transactions, which are subject to market conditions and other factors.

Long-Term Incentive Compensation

Columbia Property Trust maintains a stockholder-approved, long-term incentive plan (the "LTI Plan") that provides for grants of up to 4.8 million shares of stock to be made to certain employees and independent directors of Columbia Property Trust.

Employee Awards

Under the LTI Plan, Columbia Property Trust grants time-based stock awards and performance-based restricted stock unit awards to its employees.

On January 1, 2019, Columbia Property Trust granted 175,129 shares of stock awards (the "Time-Based Restricted Shares") to employees, which will vest ratably on each anniversary of the grant over the next four years. On January 1, 2019, Columbia Property Trust granted 221,199 of performance-based restricted stock units (the "Performance-Based RSUs"), of which 75% will vest at the conclusion of a three-year performance period, and the remaining 25% will vest one year later. The payout of the 2019 Performance-Based RSUs will be determined based on Columbia Property Trust's total stockholder return relative to the FTSE NAREIT Equity Office Index. Below is a summary of the employee awards issued under the LTI Plan in the six months ended June 30, 2019:

	Time-Based Awards				Performance-Based Awards
	Restricted Shares (in thousands)		Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value(1)		RSUs (in thousands)			Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value(2)
Unvested awards – beginning of period	375		$	22.15	454			$	19.37
Granted	176		$	19.36	256		(3)	$	17.66
Vested	(165	)	$	21.99	(121	)		$	19.08
Unvested awards – end of period(4)	386		$	20.95	589			$	18.85

⁽¹⁾  Reflects the weighted-average, grant-date fair value using the market closing price on the date of the respective grants.

⁽²⁾  Reflects the weighted-average, grant-date fair value using a Monte Carlo valuation.

⁽³⁾  Includes approximately 35,000 RSUs, which were converted to shares based on performance, as defined by the LTI Plan, over the period from January 1, 2017 through December 31, 2018.

⁽⁴⁾  As of June 30, 2019, Columbia Property Trust expects approximately 371,000 of the 386,000 unvested restricted stock units to ultimately vest and approximately 567,000 of the 589,000 unvested Performance-Based RSUs to ultimately vest, assuming a weighted-average forfeiture rate of 3.8%, which was determined based on historical forfeiture rates.

Director Stock Grants

Columbia Property Trust grants equity retainers to its directors under the LTI Plan. Such grants are made annually for the following year and vest immediately. During the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, Columbia Property Trust granted the following equity retainers:

Date of Grant	Shares	Grant-Date Fair Value
May 14, 2019	28,000	$	22.13
May 14, 2018	31,743	$	22.20

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Stock-Based Compensation Expense

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, Columbia Property Trust incurred stock-based compensation expense related to the following events (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Amortization of time-based awards granted under the LTI Plan	$	803	$	873	$	1,687	$	1,909
Amortization of performance-based awards granted under the LTI Plan(1)	680		616		1,335		1,108
Issuance of shares to independent directors	619		705		619		705
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	2,102	$	2,194	$	3,641	$	3,722

⁽¹⁾  Reflects amortization of awards made under the LTI Plan for service during the current period, for which shares will be issued in future periods.

These expenses are included in general and administrative expenses – corporate in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, there were $12.3 million and $8.6 million, respectively, of unrecognized compensation costs related to unvested awards under the LTI Plan, which will be amortized over the respective vesting period, ranging from one to four years at the time of grant.

9.     Supplemental Disclosures of Noncash Investing and Financing Activities

Outlined below are significant noncash investing and financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands): 

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018
Extinguishment of 263 Shuman Boulevard mortgage note by transferring property to lender	$	—		$	49,000
Amortization of net discounts on debt	$	90		$	90
Accrued transaction costs	$	818		$	—
Accrued investments in unconsolidated joint ventures	$	136		$	—
Accrued capital expenditures and deferred lease costs	$	6,704		$	16,771
Operating lease liability recorded at adoption of ASC 842	$	34,791		$	—
Market value adjustments to interest rate swaps that qualify for hedge accounting treatment	$	(4,035	)	$	3,452
Cumulative-effect adjustment to equity for the adoption of ASU 2017-05 and ASU 2014-09	$	—		$	358,098
Amortization of common stock issued to employees and directors	$	3,641		$	3,722

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10.     Leases

Columbia Property Trust as Lessee

Columbia Property Trust is a lessee on ground leases at certain of its investment properties, office space leases, and various information technology equipment leases. Operating lease assets represent Columbia Property Trust's right to use the underlying asset over the lease term, and operating lease liabilities represent Columbia Property Trust's obligation to make lease payments over the lease term. Operating lease liabilities are measured as the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of Columbia Property Trust's leases do not provide an implicit rate, Columbia Property Trust uses its incremental borrowing rate, based on information available at commencement, to calculate the present value of lease payments. Lease term extensions are included in the operating lease liability when it is reasonably certain that they will be exercised. Any variable payments for non-lease services provided under leases are expensed as incurred. Operating lease assets are measured based on the corresponding operating lease liability amount, reduced for lease incentives and straight-line rent payable (receivable) balances at adoption of ASC 842. Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term, and is reflected as property operating costs for ground leases and as general and administrative – corporate for all other operating leases. Contracts are evaluated at commencement to determine if the contract contains a lease, and the appropriate classification for such leases.

As of June 30, 2019, Columbia Property Trust has three ground leases with remaining lease terms ranging from 58 years to 84 years, inclusive of renewal options, which are included in operating lease assets of $63.6 million. Under one of the ground leases, payments for all future periods have already been made. Thus, as of June 30, 2019, operating lease liabilities of $34.7 million include the present value of future payments due under the other two ground leases, which have remaining lease terms ranging from 80 years to 84 years, inclusive of renewal options.

As of June 30, 2019, the future minimum lease payments to be made by Columbia Property Trust under its operating leases are as follows (in thousands):

Remainder of 2019	$	1,252
2020	2,539
2021	2,704
2022	2,743
2023	2,023
2024	1,962
Thereafter	174,820
Total lease payments	188,043
Less: interest expense	(153,359		)
Present value of lease liabilities	$	34,684
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)	75.8 years
Weighted-average discount rate	6.6		%

As of December 31, 2018, the future minimum lease payments to be made by Columbia Property Trust under its operating leases are as follows (in thousands):

2019	$	2,502
2020	2,539
2021	2,704
2022	2,743
2023	2,023
Thereafter	176,782
Total	$	189,293

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Columbia Property Trust's operating leases had the following impacts on the consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2019 (in thousands):

	Ground Leases		Office Lease		Total Operating Leases
Assets:
Total operating lease assets	$	61,699	$	1,864	$	63,563
Liabilities:
Total operating lease liabilities	$	32,202	$	2,482	$	34,684

Columbia Property Trust's operating leases had the following impacts on the consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	Ground Leases		Office Lease		Total Operating Leases		Ground Leases		Office Lease		Total Operating Leases
Property operating costs	$	692	$	—	$	692	$	1,384	$	—	$	1,384
General and administrative – corporate	—		145		145		—		290		290
Total operating lease expenses	$	692	$	145	$	837	$	1,384	$	290	$	1,674

Columbia Property Trust's operating leases had the following impacts on the consolidated statements of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2019 (in thousands):

	Ground Leases			Office Lease			Total Operating Leases
Cash paid for operating lease liabilities included in cash flows from operations	$	(903	)	$	(348	)	$	(1,251	)

Columbia Property Trust as Lessor

Columbia Property Trust owns and leases commercial real estate, primarily office space, to tenants under operating leases for specified periods of time. Some of Columbia Property Trust's leases contain extension and/or termination options; however, the exercise of these extensions or terminations is at the discretion of the tenant and subject to negotiations. Therefore, such options are only recognized once they are deemed reasonably certain, typically at the time the option is exercised. Rental income related to such leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the remaining lease period, and is included in lease revenues on the consolidated statements of operations. If at any point during the term of a lease, it is determined that the collectability of a tenant receivable is not probable, such receivable is written off against lease revenues. Contracts are evaluated at commencement to determine if the contract contains a lease, and the appropriate classification for such leases. As of June 30, 2019, the weighted-average remaining term for such leases is approximately 6.7 years.

Lease revenues include fixed and variable payments. Fixed payments primarily relate to base rent and include payments related to lease terminations; and variable payments primarily relate to tenant reimbursements for certain property operating costs. Fixed and variable payments for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 are as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,		Six Months Ended June 30,
Fixed payments	$	63,534	$	129,051
Variable payments	6,067		12,412
Total lease revenues	$	69,601	$	141,463

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As of June 30, 2019, the future minimum lease payments due to Columbia Property Trust under non-cancelable operating leases are as follows (thousands):

Remainder of 2019	$	115,858
2020	243,403
2021	212,110
2022	195,677
2023	178,941
2024	169,133
Thereafter	815,346
Total	$	1,930,468

As of December 31, 2018, the future minimum lease payments due to Columbia Property Trust under non-cancelable operating leases are as follows (in thousands):

2019	$	242,370
2020	247,826
2021	221,692
2022	209,845
2023	192,261
Thereafter	1,106,275
Total	$	2,220,269

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11.     Non-Lease Revenues

Columbia Property Trust derives most of its revenues from leases, as described in Note 10, Leases. Columbia Property Trust also has the following non-lease revenue streams.

Management Fee Income

Under asset and property management agreements in place with certain of its unconsolidated joint ventures, Columbia Property Trust earns revenue for performing asset and property management functions for properties owned through its joint ventures, as further described in Note 4, Unconsolidated Joint Ventures. For the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, Columbia Property Trust earned revenues of $1.9 million and $1.8 million, respectively, under these agreements; and for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, Columbia Property Trust earned revenues of $3.8 million and $3.6 million, respectively, under these agreements.

Leasing Override Fees

Under the asset management agreements for certain properties owned through unconsolidated joint ventures, Columbia Property Trust is eligible to earn leasing override fees equal to a percentage of the total rental payments to be made by the tenant over the term of the lease. For the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, Columbia Property Trust earned leasing override fees of $19,000 and $38,000, respectively; and for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, Columbia Property Trust earned leasing override fees of $22,000 and $38,000, respectively. Such fees are included in management fee income on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

Salary and Other Reimbursement Revenue

Under the property management agreements for certain properties owned through unconsolidated joint ventures, Columbia Property Trust receives reimbursements for salaries and property operating costs for services that are provided by Columbia Property Trust employees on an ongoing basis. For the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, Columbia Property Trust earned salary and other reimbursement revenue of $1.2 million; and for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, Columbia Property Trust earned salary and other reimbursement revenue of $2.3 million and $2.2 million, respectively. These amounts are included in other property income on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

Miscellaneous Revenue

Columbia Property Trust also receives revenues for services provided to its tenants through the TRS Entities, including fitness centers, shuttles, and cafeterias. For the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, Columbia Property Trust earned miscellaneous revenue of $0.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively; and for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, Columbia Property Trust earned miscellaneous revenue of $0.2 million and $0.4 million, respectively. These amounts are included in other property income on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

Page 28

12.    Earnings Per Share

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, in computing the basic and diluted earnings per share, net income has been reduced for the dividends paid on unvested shares granted under the LTI Plan. The following table reconciles the numerator for the basic and diluted earnings-per-share computations shown on the consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Net income (loss)	$	47,747		$	(3,439	)	$	51,260		$	(1,941	)
Distributions paid on unvested shares	(77		)	(73		)	(155		)	(146		)
Net income (loss) used to calculate basic and diluted earnings per share	$	47,670		$	(3,512	)	$	51,105		$	(2,087	)

The following table reconciles the denominator for the basic and diluted earnings-per-share computations shown on the consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,		Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019	2018	2019	2018
Weighted-average common shares – basic	116,509	118,035	116,486	118,556
Plus incremental weighted-average shares from time-vested conversions, less assumed stock repurchases:
Previously granted awards, unvested	100	72	93	70
Future period LTI Plan awards	214	355	197	334
Weighted-average common shares – diluted	116,823	118,462	116,776	118,960

13.    Segment Information

Columbia Property Trust establishes operating segments at the property level and aggregates individual properties into reportable segments for high-barrier-to-entry markets and other geographic locations in which Columbia Property Trust has significant investments. Columbia Property Trust considers geographic location when evaluating its portfolio composition and in assessing the ongoing operations and performance of its properties. As of June 30, 2019, Columbia Property Trust had the following reportable segments:  New York, San Francisco, Washington, D.C., Atlanta, Boston, Los Angeles, and all other office markets. The all other office markets reportable segment consists of properties in similar low-barrier-to-entry geographic locations in which Columbia Property Trust does not have a substantial presence and does not plan to make further investments. During the periods presented, there have been no material intersegment transactions.

Net operating income ("NOI") is a non-GAAP financial measure. NOI is the primary performance measure reviewed by management to assess operating performance of properties and is calculated by deducting operating expenses from operating revenues. Operating revenues include lease revenues and other property income; and operating expenses include property operating costs. The NOI performance metric consists only of revenues and expenses directly related to real estate rental operations. NOI reflects property acquisitions and dispositions, occupancy levels, rental rate increases or decreases, and the recoverability of operating expenses. NOI, as Columbia Property Trust calculates it, may not be directly comparable to similarly titled, but differently calculated, measures for other REITs.

Asset information and capital expenditures by segment are not reported because Columbia Property Trust does not use these measures to assess performance. Depreciation and amortization expense, along with other expense and income items, are not allocated among segments.

Page 29

The following table presents operating revenues included in NOI by geographic reportable segment for Columbia Property Trust's respective ownership interests (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
New York(1)	$	38,974	$	40,349	$	77,670	$	81,258
San Francisco(2)	28,021		26,088		55,784		49,608
Washington, D.C.(3)	14,462		14,411		28,592		28,383
Atlanta	7,744		10,283		18,967		20,141
Boston	3,555		3,158		7,229		6,528
Los Angeles	1,927		1,910		3,861		3,830
All other office markets	3,919		3,905		7,822		7,841
Total office segments	98,602		100,104		199,925		197,589
Corporate	825		894		1,611		1,575
Total operating revenues	$	99,427	$	100,998	$	201,536	$	199,164

⁽¹⁾  Includes operating revenues for one unconsolidated property, 114 Fifth Avenue, based on Columbia Property Trust's ownership interest: 49.5% for all periods presented.

⁽²⁾  Includes operating revenues for two unconsolidated properties, 333 Market Street and University Circle, based on Columbia Property Trust's ownership interests:  77.5% from January 1, 2018 through January 31, 2018; and 55.0% from February 1, 2018 through June 30, 2019.

⁽³⁾  Includes operating revenues for two unconsolidated properties, Market Square and 1800 M Street, based on Columbia Property Trust's ownership interests: 51.0% for the Market Square and 55.0% for 1800 M Street for all periods presented.

A reconciliation of GAAP revenues to operating revenues is presented below (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Total revenues	$	72,730		$	75,370		$	148,163		$	149,080
Operating revenues included in income from unconsolidated joint ventures(1)	28,595			27,446			57,140			53,661
Less: management fee income(2)	(1,898		)	(1,818		)	(3,767		)	(3,577		)
Total operating revenues	$	99,427		$	100,998		$	201,536		$	199,164

⁽¹⁾  Columbia Property Trust records its interest in properties held through unconsolidated joint ventures using the equity method of accounting, and reflects its interest in the operating revenues of these properties in income from unconsolidated joint ventures in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

⁽²⁾  See Note 11, Non-Lease Revenues, of the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

Page 30

The following table presents NOI by geographic reportable segment (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
New York(1)	$	23,680		$	24,369		$	46,486		$	48,548
San Francisco(2)	20,407			19,396			40,904			38,950
Washington, D.C.(3)	8,586			8,802			17,039			17,132
Atlanta	6,144			9,084			14,295			17,838
Boston	1,875			1,545			3,864			3,313
Los Angeles	1,163			1,154			2,282			2,362
All other office markets	3,852			3,869			7,688			7,160
Total office segments	65,707			68,219			132,558			135,303
Corporate	(235		)	(170		)	(440		)	(395		)
Total NOI	$	65,472		$	68,049		$	132,118		$	134,908

⁽¹⁾  Includes NOI for two unconsolidated properties, 114 Fifth Avenue and 799 Broadway, based on Columbia Property Trust's ownership interest: 49.5% for 114 Fifth Avenue for all periods presented; and 49.7% for 799 Broadway from October 3, 2018 through June 30, 2019.

⁽²⁾  Includes NOI for two unconsolidated properties, 333 Market Street and University Circle, based on Columbia Property Trust's ownership interests:  77.5% from January 1, 2018 through January 31, 2018; and 55.0% from February 1, 2018 through June 30, 2019.

⁽³⁾  Includes NOI for two unconsolidated properties, Market Square and 1800 M Street, based on Columbia Property Trust's ownership interests: 51.0% for the Market Square and 55.0% for 1800 M Street for all periods presented.

A reconciliation of GAAP net income to NOI is presented below (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Net income (loss)	$	47,747		$	(3,439	)	$	51,260		$	(1,941	)
Management fee income	(1,898		)	(1,818		)	(3,767		)	(3,577		)
Depreciation	19,335			20,681			39,739			41,516
Amortization	7,106			8,623			14,567			16,639
General and administrative – corporate	8,180			8,282			16,604			16,076
General and administrative – unconsolidated joint ventures	838			736			1,647			1,467
Net interest expense	10,897			14,300			22,991			30,192
Interest income from development authority bonds	—			(1,800		)	—			(3,600		)
Gain on sale of unconsolidated joint venture interests	—			—			—			(762		)
Gain on extinguishment of debt	—			(23,713		)	—			(23,713		)
Income tax expense	9			6			16			13
Adjustments included in income from unconsolidated joint ventures	15,176			15,379			30,979			31,786
Gain on sale of real estate assets	(41,918		)	—			(41,918		)	—
Impairment loss	—			30,812			—			30,812
NOI	$	65,472		$	68,049		$	132,118		$	134,908

Page 31

14.     Financial Information for Parent Guarantor, Issuer Subsidiary, and Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries

The 2026 Bonds Payable and the 2025 Bonds Payable (see Note 6, Bonds Payable) were issued by Columbia Property Trust OP, and are guaranteed by Columbia Property Trust. In accordance with SEC Rule 3-10(c), Columbia Property Trust includes herein condensed consolidating financial information in lieu of separate financial statements of the subsidiary issuer (Columbia Property Trust OP), as defined in the bond indentures, because all of the following criteria are met:

(1) The subsidiary issuer (Columbia Property Trust OP) is 100% owned by the parent company guarantor (Columbia Property Trust);

(2) The guarantee is full and unconditional; and

(3) No other subsidiary of the parent company guarantor (Columbia Property Trust) guarantees the 2026 Bonds Payable or the 2025 Bonds Payable.

Columbia Property Trust uses the equity method with respect to its investment in subsidiaries included in its consolidated financial statements. Set forth below are Columbia Property Trust's condensed consolidating balance sheets as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, as well as its condensed consolidating statements of operations and its condensed consolidating statements of comprehensive income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, and its condensed consolidating statements of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

Page 32

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheets (in thousands):

	As of June 30, 2019
	Columbia Property Trust (Parent) (Guarantor)		Columbia  Property Trust OP  (the Issuer)		Non- Guarantors		Consolidating Adjustments			Columbia Property Trust (Consolidated)
Assets:
Real estate assets, at cost:
Land	$	—	$	—	$	803,986	$	—		$	803,986
Buildings and improvements, net	—		1,526		1,783,468		—			1,784,994
Intangible lease assets, net	—		—		60,654		—			60,654
Construction in progress	—		—		39,893		—			39,893
Total real estate assets	—		1,526		2,688,001		—			2,689,527
Operating lease assets	1,864		—		61,699		—			63,563
Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures	—		1,064,648		—		—			1,064,648
Cash and cash equivalents	287		7,551		4,143		—			11,981
Investment in subsidiaries	2,602,248		1,116,706		—		(3,718,954		)	—
Tenant receivables	—		—		2,904		—			2,904
Straight-line rent receivable	—		—		87,190		—			87,190
Prepaid expenses and other assets	140,814		352,010		13,623		(469,027		)	37,420
Intangible lease origination costs, net	—		—		29,620		—			29,620
Deferred lease costs, net	—		—		57,942		—			57,942
Total assets	$	2,745,213	$	2,542,441	$	2,945,122	$	(4,187,981	)	$	4,044,795
Liabilities:
Line of credit and notes payable, net	$	—	$	494,609	$	467,344	$	(467,344	)	$	494,609
Bonds payable, net	—		694,930		—		—			694,930
Operating lease liabilities	2,482		—		32,202		—			34,684
Accounts payable, accrued expenses, and accrued capital expenditures	—		12,296		31,107		—			43,403
Due to affiliates	—		—		1,683		(1,683		)	—
Deferred income	—		—		16,296		—			16,296
Intangible lease liabilities, net	—		—		18,142		—			18,142
Total liabilities	2,482		1,201,835		566,774		(469,027		)	1,302,064
Equity:
Total equity	2,742,731		1,340,606		2,378,348		(3,718,954		)	2,742,731
Total liabilities and equity	$	2,745,213	$	2,542,441	$	2,945,122	$	(4,187,981	)	$	4,044,795

Page 33

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheets (in thousands):

	As of December 31, 2018
	Columbia Property Trust (Parent) (Guarantor)		Columbia Property Trust OP  (the Issuer)		Non- Guarantors		Consolidating Adjustments			Columbia Property Trust (Consolidated)
Assets:
Real estate assets, at cost:
Land	$	—	$	—	$	817,975	$	—		$	817,975
Building and improvements, net	—		1,739		1,908,302		—			1,910,041
Intangible lease assets, net	—		—		98,540		—			98,540
Construction in progress	—		—		33,800		—			33,800
Total real estate assets	—		1,739		2,858,617		—			2,860,356
Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures	—		1,071,353		—		—			1,071,353
Cash and cash equivalents	1,705		10,573		4,840		—			17,118
Investment in subsidiaries	2,622,528		1,236,982		—		(3,859,510		)	—
Tenant receivables, net	—		—		3,258		—			3,258
Straight-line rent receivable	—		—		87,159		—			87,159
Prepaid expenses and other assets	140,797		340,071		11,379		(469,029		)	23,218
Intangible lease origination costs, net	—		—		34,092		—			34,092
Deferred lease costs, net	—		—		77,439		—			77,439
Total assets	$	2,765,030	$	2,660,718	$	3,076,784	$	(4,328,539	)	$	4,173,993
Liabilities:
Lines of credit and notes payable, net	$	—	$	629,308	$	467,344	$	(467,344	)	$	629,308
Bonds payable, net	—		694,538		—		—			694,538
Accounts payable, accrued expenses, and accrued capital expenditures	674		9,441		39,007		(5		)	49,117
Dividends payable	23,340		—		—		—			23,340
Due to affiliates	—		—		1,680		(1,680		)	—
Deferred income	—		—		15,593		—			15,593
Intangible lease liabilities, net	—		—		21,081		—			21,081
Total liabilities	24,014		1,333,287		544,705		(469,029		)	1,432,977
Equity:
Total equity	2,741,016		1,327,431		2,532,079		(3,859,510		)	2,741,016
Total liabilities and equity	$	2,765,030	$	2,660,718	$	3,076,784	$	(4,328,539	)	$	4,173,993

Page 34

Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations (in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
	Columbia Property Trust (Parent) (Guarantor)		Columbia  Property Trust OP  (the Issuer)			Non- Guarantors			Consolidating Adjustments			Columbia Property Trust (Consolidated)
Revenues:
Lease revenues	$	—	$	—		$	69,601		$	—		$	69,601
Management fee income	926		—			972			—			1,898
Other property income	—		—			1,231			—			1,231
	926		—			71,804			—			72,730
Expenses:
Property operating costs	—		—			22,586			—			22,586
Management fee expenses	—		—			164			—			164
Depreciation	—		162			19,173			—			19,335
Amortization	—		—			7,106			—			7,106
General and administrative – corporate	200		2,352			5,628			—			8,180
General and administrative – unconsolidated joint ventures	—		17			821			—			838
	200		2,531			55,478			—			58,209
Other income (expense):
Interest expense	—		(10,897		)	(5,053		)	5,053			(10,897		)
Interest and other income	1,575		3,478			—			(5,053		)	—
Income tax expense	—		—			(9		)	—			(9		)
Income (loss) from unconsolidated entities	45,446		57,611			(3		)	(100,840		)	2,214
Gain on sale of real estate assets	—		—			41,918			—			41,918
	47,021		50,192			36,853			(100,840		)	33,226
Net income	$	47,747	$	47,661		$	53,179		$	(100,840	)	$	47,747

Page 35

Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations (in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
	Columbia Property Trust (Parent) (Guarantor)			Columbia  Property Trust OP  (the Issuer)			Non- Guarantors			Consolidating Adjustments			Columbia Property Trust (Consolidated)
Revenues:
Lease revenues	$	—		$	—		$	71,409		$	—		$	71,409
Management fee income	930			—			888			—			1,818
Other property income	—			—			2,143			—			2,143
	930			—			74,440			—			75,370
Expenses:
Property operating costs	—			—			22,450			—			22,450
Management fee expenses	—			—			205			—			205
Depreciation	—			166			20,515			—			20,681
Amortization	—			—			8,623			—			8,623
Impairment loss on real estate	—			—			30,812			—			30,812
General and administrative – corporate	193			2,512			5,577			—			8,282
General and administrative – unconsolidated joint ventures	—			—			736			—			736
	193			2,678			88,918			—			91,789
Other income (expense):
Interest expense	—			(11,983		)	(8,651		)	6,320			(14,314		)
Gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt	—			(326		)	24,039			—			23,713
Interest and other income	2,842			3,478			1,814			(6,320		)	1,814
Income tax expense	—			—			(6		)	—			(6		)
Income (loss) from unconsolidated entities	(7,018		)	5,823			(2		)	2,970			1,773
	(4,176		)	(3,008		)	17,194			2,970			12,980
Net income (loss)	$	(3,439	)	$	(5,686	)	$	2,716		$	2,970		$	(3,439	)

Page 36

Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations (in thousands):

	For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
	Columbia Property Trust (Parent) (Guarantor)		Columbia  Property Trust OP  (the Issuer)			Non- Guarantors			Consolidating Adjustments			Columbia Property Trust (Consolidated)
Revenues:
Lease revenues	$	—	$	—		$	141,463		$	—		$	141,463
Management fee income	1,838		—			1,929			—			3,767
Other property income	—		—			2,933			—			2,933
	1,838		—			146,325			—			148,163
Expenses:
Property operating costs	—		—			46,823			—			46,823
Management fee expenses	—		—			419			—			419
Depreciation	—		333			39,406			—			39,739
Amortization	—		—			14,567			—			14,567
General and administrative – corporate	399		4,570			11,635			—			16,604
General and administrative – unconsolidated joint ventures	—		17			1,630			—			1,647
	399		4,920			114,480			—			119,799
Other income (expense):
Interest expense	—		(22,992		)	(10,106		)	10,106			(22,992		)
Interest and other income	3,150		6,956			1			(10,106		)	1
Income tax expense	—		—			(16		)	—			(16		)
Income (loss) from unconsolidated entities	46,671		72,542			(3		)	(115,225		)	3,985
Gain on sale of real estate assets	—		—			41,918			—			41,918
	49,821		56,506			31,794			(115,225		)	22,896
Net income	$	51,260	$	51,586		$	63,639		$	(115,225	)	$	51,260

Page 37

Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations (in thousands):

	For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
	Columbia Property Trust (Parent) (Guarantor)			Columbia  Property Trust OP  (the Issuer)			Non- Guarantors			Consolidating Adjustments			Columbia Property Trust (Consolidated)
Revenues:
Lease revenues	$	—		$	—		$	141,769		$	—		$	141,769
Management fee income	1,834			—			1,743			—			3,577
Other property income	—			—			3,734			—			3,734
	1,834			—			147,246			—			149,080
Expenses:
Property operating costs	—			—			45,512			—			45,512
Management fee expenses	—			—			413			—			413
Depreciation	—			332			41,184			—			41,516
Amortization	—			—			16,639			—			16,639
Impairment loss on real estate	—			—			30,812			—			30,812
General and administrative – corporate	389			4,820			10,867			—			16,076
General and administrative – unconsolidated joint ventures	—			—			1,467			—			1,467
	389			5,152			146,894			—			152,435
Other income (expense):
Interest expense	—			(24,417		)	(19,145		)	13,353			(30,209		)
Gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt	—			(326		)	24,039			—			23,713
Interest and other income	6,397			6,956			3,617			(13,353		)	3,617
Gain on sale of unconsolidated joint venture interests	—			762			—			—			762
Income tax expense	—			—			(13		)	—			(13		)
Income (loss) from unconsolidated entities	(9,783		)	12,838			—			489			3,544
	(3,386		)	(4,187		)	8,498			489			1,414
Net income (loss)	$	(1,941	)	$	(9,339	)	$	8,850		$	489		$	(1,941	)

Page 38

Condensed Consolidating Statements of Comprehensive Income (in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
	Columbia Property Trust (Parent) (Guarantor)			Columbia Property Trust OP  (the Issuer)			Non- Guarantors		Consolidating Adjustments			Columbia Property Trust (Consolidated)
Net income	$	47,747		$	47,661		$	53,179	$	(100,840	)	$	47,747
Market value adjustments to interest rate swap	(2,604		)	(2,604		)	—		2,604			(2,604		)
Comprehensive income	$	45,143		$	45,057		$	53,179	$	(98,236	)	$	45,143

	For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
	Columbia Property Trust (Parent) (Guarantor)			Columbia  Property Trust OP  (the Issuer)			Non- Guarantors		Consolidating Adjustments			Columbia Property Trust (Consolidated)
Net income (loss)	$	(3,439	)	$	(5,686	)	$	2,716	$	2,970		$	(3,439	)
Market value adjustments to interest rate swap	938			938			—		(938		)	938
Comprehensive income (loss)	$	(2,501	)	$	(4,748	)	$	2,716	$	2,032		$	(2,501	)

	For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
	Columbia Property Trust (Parent) (Guarantor)			Columbia Property Trust OP  (the Issuer)			Non- Guarantors		Consolidating Adjustments			Columbia Property Trust (Consolidated)
Net income	$	51,260		$	51,586		$	63,639	$	(115,225	)	$	51,260
Market value adjustments to interest rate swap	(4,035		)	(4,035		)	—		4,035			(4,035		)
Comprehensive income	$	47,225		$	47,551		$	63,639	$	(111,190	)	$	47,225

	For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
	Columbia Property Trust (Parent) (Guarantor)			Columbia  Property Trust OP  (the Issuer)			Non- Guarantors		Consolidating Adjustments			Columbia Property Trust (Consolidated)
Net income (loss)	$	(1,941	)	$	(9,339	)	$	8,850	$	489		$	(1,941	)
Market value adjustments to interest rate swap	3,452			3,452			—		(3,452		)	3,452
Comprehensive income (loss)	$	1,511		$	(5,887	)	$	8,850	$	(2,963	)	$	1,511

Page 39

Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows (in thousands):

	For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
	Columbia Property Trust (Parent) (Guarantor)			Columbia Property Trust OP (the Issuer)			Non- Guarantors			Consolidating Adjustments			Columbia Property Trust (Consolidated)
Cash flows from operating activities	$	52,967		$	51,491		$	74,283		$	(115,225	)	$	63,516
Cash flows from investing activities:
Net proceeds from the sale of real estate assets	—			—			193,912			—			193,912
Investment in real estate and related assets	(14,216		)	—			(37,985		)	—			(52,201		)
Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures	—			(9,067		)	—			—			(9,067		)
Distributions from unconsolidated joint ventures	—			6,364			—			—			6,364
Distributions from subsidiaries	32,330			159,236			—			(191,566		)	—
Net cash provided by investing activities	18,114			156,533			155,927			(191,566		)	139,008
Cash flows from financing activities:
Borrowings, net of fees	—			113,838			—			—			113,838
Repayments	—			(249,000		)	—			—			(249,000		)
Distributions	(70,098		)	(75,884		)	(230,907		)	306,791			(70,098		)
Redemptions of common stock	(2,401		)	—			—			—			(2,401		)
Net cash used in financing activities	(72,499		)	(211,046		)	(230,907		)	306,791			(207,661		)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	(1,418		)	(3,022		)	(697		)	—			(5,137		)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	1,705			10,573			4,840			—			17,118
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	287		$	7,551		$	4,143		$	—		$	11,981

Page 40

Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows (in thousands):

	For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
	Columbia Property Trust (Parent) (Guarantor)			Columbia Property Trust OP (the Issuer)			Non- Guarantors			Consolidating Adjustments			Columbia Property Trust (Consolidated)
Cash flows from operating activities	$	1,445		$	(3,037	)	$	29,625		$	(8,850	)	$	19,183
Cash flows from investing activities:
Net proceeds from the sale of real estate assets	—			—			284,608			—			284,608
Net proceeds from sale of investments in unconsolidated joint ventures	—			235,083			—			—			235,083
Investment in real estate and related assets	—			(51		)	(47,543		)	—			(47,594		)
Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures	—			(2,460		)	—			—			(2,460		)
Distributions from unconsolidated joint ventures	—			4,585			—			—			4,585
Distributions from subsidiaries	113,274			254,037			—			(367,311		)	—
Net cash provided by investing activities	113,274			491,194			237,065			(367,311		)	474,222
Cash flows from financing activities:
Borrowings, net of fees	—			149,851			—			—			149,851
Repayments	—			(524,000		)	(1,639		)	—			(525,639		)
Distributions	(71,459		)	(112,481		)	(263,680		)	376,161			(71,459		)
Redemptions of common stock	(43,764		)	—			—			—			(43,764		)
Net cash used in financing activities	(115,223		)	(486,630		)	(265,319		)	376,161			(491,011		)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	(504		)	1,527			1,371			—			2,394
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	692			5,079			3,796			—			9,567
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	188		$	6,606		$	5,167		$	—		$	11,961

Page 41

15.     Subsequent Events

Columbia Property Trust has evaluated subsequent events in connection with the preparation of the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in this report on Form 10-Q, and did not note any subsequent events.

Page 42

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our accompanying consolidated financial statements (and notes thereto) and the "Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" preceding Part I of this report, as well as our consolidated financial statements (and the notes thereto) and Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in our 2018 Form 10-K.

Executive Summary

Our primary strategic objective is to generate long-term stockholder returns from a combination of growing cash flows and appreciation in the values of our properties, by owning and operating high-quality office properties located in certain high-barrier-to-entry markets. Our approach is to own office buildings that are competitive within the top tier of their markets or that will be repositioned as such through value-add initiatives. In addition, our investment objectives include optimizing our portfolio allocation between stabilized investments and more growth-oriented, value-add investments, and development projects with an emphasis on central business districts and multi-tenant buildings. Over the past several years, we have undertaken a capital recycling program that involved selling more than 50 properties in geographically dispersed markets for aggregate proceeds of $4.0 billion, including the following recent transactions:

• In April 2019, we sold One & Three Glenlake Parkway in Atlanta for a gross sale price of $227.5 million.

• In October 2018, we acquired a 49.7% interest in a joint venture that will develop a 12-story, 182,000-square-foot office building at 799 Broadway in New York.

• In May 2018, we sold 222 East 41st Street in New York, after releasing the property to a single tenant for 30 years, for a gross sale price of $332.5 million. 

In March 2019, we entered into a contract with a joint venture partner to purchase a 16-story, 235,000-square-foot office building in Manhattan for a full-scale redevelopment project, with closing expected in 2019. We are continuing to actively pursue additional strategic investment opportunities in our target markets, and selective property dispositions in non-target markets.

Our portfolio is 97.6% leased, with less than 2% of our leases scheduled to expire this year and a substantial majority of our revenues generated from properties in our high-barrier target markets. We continue to maintain a strong and flexible balance sheet. In December 2018, we amended and restated our $500 million unsecured revolving credit facility and $300 million unsecured term loan, resulting in a $950 million combined credit facility. The amended and restated facility extended maturities, lowered interest costs, and increased the Revolving Credit Facility from $500 million to $650 million. Further, the new $300 million term loan is currently undrawn and includes a delayed-draw feature, which allows for us to fully draw the term loan by December 7, 2019. As of June 30, 2019, our debt-to-real-estate-asset ratio is 30.6%⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾; 91.0%⁽¹⁾ of our portfolio is unencumbered by mortgages; and our weighted average cost of borrowing during the quarter is 3.91%⁽¹⁾ per annum. Our debt maturities are laddered, coming due in two to seven years, and $497.0 million of our unsecured borrowings can be repaid prior to maturity without penalty.

From time to time when we believe our stock is undervalued, we may take advantage of market opportunities by using our stock repurchase program to buy shares and return capital to our stockholders. As of June 30, 2019, $124.4 million remains available under our current repurchase program.

⁽¹⁾  Statistics include our ownership interest in the gross real estate assets and debt at properties held through unconsolidated joint ventures as described in Note 4, Unconsolidated Joint Ventures, of the accompanying financial statements.

⁽²⁾  On a net basis (i.e., reduced for cash on hand), our debt-to-real-estate-asset ratio is 29.8%.

Page 43

Key Performance Indicators

Our operating results depend primarily upon the level of income generated by the leases at our properties. Occupancy and rental rates are key drivers of our lease income. Over the last year, our quarter-end average portfolio percentage leased ranged from 97.1% at June 30, 2018 to 97.6% at June 30, 2019. The following table sets forth details related to the financial impact of our recent leasing activities for properties we own directly and based on our proportionate share of properties owned through unconsolidated joint ventures:

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Total number of leases	13			10			26			27
Square feet of leasing – renewal	7,210			22,630			11,135			40,776
Square feet of leasing – new	53,721			114,698			117,012			211,712
Total square feet of leasing	60,931			137,328			128,147			252,488
Lease term (months)	108			112			113			104
Tenant improvements, per square foot – renewal	$	90.00		$	3.74		$	93.40		$	13.47
Tenant improvements, per square foot – new	$	101.73		$	66.00		$	95.50		$	63.87
Tenant improvements, per square foot – all leases	$	100.43		$	61.97		$	95.38		$	61.43
Leasing commissions, per square foot – renewal	$	33.25		$	8.14		$	30.69		$	7.69
Leasing commissions, per square foot – new	$	21.42		$	28.32		$	51.56		$	28.49
Leasing commissions, per square foot – all leases	$	22.73		$	27.01		$	50.31		$	27.48
Rent leasing spread – renewal(1)	(0.5		)%	5.7		%	(0.3		)%	7.5		%
Rent leasing spread – new(1)	118.5		%	13.9		%	73.2		%	38.2		%
Rent leasing spread – all leases(1)	55.6		%	13.1		%	60.2		%	35.9		%

⁽¹⁾  Rent leasing spreads are calculated based on the change in base rental income measured on a straight-line basis; and, for new leases, only include space that has been vacant for less than one year.

In 2019, rent leasing spreads were positive (55.6% and 60.2% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively) primarily related to a new 5,800-square-foot office lease at 221 Main in San Francisco and a new 3,500-square-foot retail lease at 315 Park Avenue South in New York, offset by other leasing across our portfolio. Tenant improvement costs ($100.43 and $95.38 per square foot for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively) and lease commissions ($22.73 and $50.31 per square foot for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively) primarily relate to a new 26,000-square-foot lease at 116 Huntington and the new 3,500-square-foot retail lease at 315 Park Avenue South in New York. In 2018, rent leasing spreads were positive (13.1% and 35.9% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively) primarily due to a 59,000-square-foot lease expansion at One & Three Glenlake Parkway in Atlanta, a 27,000-square-foot lease at 218 West 18th Street in New York, and a 17,000-square-foot lease expansion at 315 Park Avenue South. Over the next 12 months, approximately 183,000 square feet of leases at our operating properties (approximately 3.6% of our portfolio, based on revenues) are scheduled to expire.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview

Cash flows generated from the operation of our properties are primarily used to fund recurring expenditures and stockholder dividends. The amount of distributions to common stockholders is determined by our board of directors and is dependent upon a number of factors, including funds deemed available for distribution based principally on our current and future projected operating cash flows, reduced by capital requirements necessary to maintain our existing portfolio, our future capital needs, and future sources of liquidity, as well as the annual distribution requirements necessary to maintain our status as a REIT under the Code. Investments in new property acquisitions and first-generation capital improvements are generally funded with capital proceeds from property sales, debt, or cash on hand. Our board of directors elected to maintain a $0.20 dividend rate for the second quarter of 2019.

Short-Term Liquidity and Capital Resources

During the first six months of 2019, we generated net cash flows from operating activities of $63.5 million, which consists primarily of receipts from tenants for rent and reimbursements, reduced by payments for operating costs, administrative expenses, interest expense, and lease inducements. During the same period, we paid total distributions to stockholders of $70.1 million, which

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included dividend payments for three quarters ($23.3 million for the fourth quarter of 2018 and an aggregate of $46.8 million for the first and second quarters of 2019). As a result of paying three dividends during the first six months of 2019, distributions to stockholders exceeded cash flows from operating activities for the period.

During the first six months of 2019, we received $193.9 million in net sales proceeds from the sale of One & Three Glenlake Parkway. These proceeds were used to fund $135.0 million of net repayments on our Revolving Credit Facility, leasing and capital projects, including those at our joint ventures, of $47.1 million; and an earnest money deposit of $13.7 million, related to a joint venture that will redevelop a property in New York.

Over the short term, we expect our primary sources of capital and liquidity to be operating cash flows, select property dispositions, and debt. We expect that our principal demands for funds will be property acquisitions, development and redevelopment costs, capital improvements to our existing portfolio, stockholder distributions, stock repurchases, operating expenses, and interest and principal payments. As of July 22, 2019, we have access to $320.0 million under our Revolving Credit Facility and $300.0 million under our delayed-draw term loan. We believe that we will have adequate liquidity and capital resources to meet our current obligations as they come due.

Long-Term Liquidity and Capital Resources

Over the long term, we expect that our primary sources of capital will include operating cash flows, select property dispositions, and borrowing proceeds. We expect that our primary uses of capital will continue to include stockholder distributions; acquisitions; development and redevelopment costs; capital expenditures, such as building improvements, tenant improvements, and leasing costs; and repaying or refinancing debt.

Consistent with our financing objectives and operational strategy over the long term, we have generally maintained debt levels of less than 40% of the undepreciated costs of our assets. As of June 30, 2019, our debt-to-real-estate-asset ratio was approximately 30.6%. Our debt-to-real-estate-asset ratio includes our share of joint venture real estate assets and debt, as well as basis adjustments related to joint venture real estate assets.

As described below, our variable rate indebtedness may use LIBOR as a benchmark for establishing the rate. LIBOR is the subject of recent national, international, and other regulatory guidance and proposals for reform. These reforms and other pressures may cause LIBOR to disappear entirely or to perform differently than in the past. The consequences of these developments cannot be entirely predicted but could include an increase in the cost of our variable rate indebtedness. If LIBOR is no longer widely available, or otherwise at our option, our Revolving Credit Facility and term loan facilities provide for alternate interest rate calculations. 

Unsecured Bank Debt

Our Revolving Credit Facility has a capacity of $650.0 million and matures in January 2023, with two six-month extension options. As of June 30, 2019, we had $347.0 million in outstanding borrowings on the Revolving Credit Facility. Amounts outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at either (i) LIBOR, plus an applicable margin ranging from 0.775% to 1.45% for LIBOR borrowings, or (ii) an alternate base rate, plus an applicable margin ranging from 0.00% to 0.45% for base rate borrowings, based on our applicable credit rating. The per annum facility fee on the aggregate revolving commitment (used or unused) ranges from 0.125% to 0.30%, also based on our applicable credit rating. Additionally, the Revolving Credit Facility, along with the $300 Million Term Loan, as described below, provides for four accordion options for an aggregate additional amount of up to $500 million, subject to certain limitations.

Our $300 Million Term Loan matures in January 2024 and bears interest, at our option, at either (i) LIBOR, plus an applicable margin ranging from 0.85% to 1.65% for LIBOR loans, or (ii) an alternate base rate, plus an applicable margin ranging from 0.00% to 0.65% for base rate loans, based on our applicable credit rating. The per annum facility fee on the aggregate term loan commitment (used or unused) ranges from 0.125% to 0.30%, also based on our applicable credit rating. As of June 30, 2019, the $300 million term loan remained undrawn and includes a delayed-draw feature, which allows us until December 7, 2019 to fully draw the term loan.

Our $150.0 million unsecured term loan matures in July 2022 (the "$150 Million Term Loan") and bears interest, at our option, at either (i) LIBOR, plus an applicable margin ranging from 0.90% to 1.75% for LIBOR loans, or (ii) alternative base rate, plus an applicable margin ranging from 0.00% to 0.75% for base rate loans. The interest rate on the $150 Million Term Loan is effectively fixed with an interest rate swap agreement, which is designated as a cash flow hedge. Based on the terms of the interest rate swap and our current credit rating, the interest rate on the $150 Million Term Loan is effectively fixed at 3.07%.

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Bonds Payable

In August 2016, we issued $350.0 million of 10-year unsecured 3.650% senior notes at 99.626% of their face value. The 2026 Bonds Payable require semi-annual interest payments in February and August, based on a contractual annual interest rate of 3.650%. The principal amount of the 2026 Bonds Payable is due and payable on the maturity date, August 15, 2026.

In March 2015, we issued $350.0 million of 10-year unsecured 4.150% senior notes at 99.859% of their face value. The 2025 Bonds Payable require semi-annual interest payments in April and October, based on a contractual annual interest rate of 4.150%. The principal amount of the 2025 Bonds Payable is due and payable on the maturity date, April 1, 2025.

Debt Covenants  

The $300 Million Term Loan, the $150 Million Term Loan, the Revolving Credit Facility, the 2026 Bonds Payable, and the 2025 Bonds Payable contain certain covenants and restrictions that require us to meet certain financial ratios. We were in compliance with all of our debt covenants as of June 30, 2019. We expect to continue to be able to meet the requirements of our debt covenants over the next 12 months.

Contractual Commitments and Contingencies

As of June 30, 2019, our contractual obligations will become payable in the following periods (in thousands):

Contractual Obligations	Total		2019		2020-2021		2022-2023		Thereafter
Debt obligations(1)	$	1,415,325	$	—	$	52,575	$	662,750	$	700,000
Interest obligations on debt(1)(2)	272,488		27,578		109,438		82,184		53,288
Operating lease obligations(3)	1,359,429		4,222		17,124		17,388		1,320,695
Total	$	3,047,242	$	31,800	$	179,137	$	762,322	$	2,073,983

⁽¹⁾  Includes our ownership share of the debt and interest obligations for the Market Square Joint Venture and the 799 Broadway Joint Venture, which we own through unconsolidated joint ventures. The Market Square Joint Venture has a $325.0 million mortgage loan on the Market Square Buildings, which bears interest at 5.07% and matures on July 1, 2023. We own a 51% interest in the Market Square Joint Venture. The 799 Broadway Joint Venture has $105.8 million outstanding on a construction loan, which has a total capacity of $187.0 million; bears interest at LIBOR, capped at 4.00%, plus a spread of 425 basis points; and matures on October 9, 2021. We own a 49.7% interest in the 799 Broadway Joint Venture. As of June 30, 2019, under the 799 Broadway construction loan agreement, we guarantee equity contributions of $21.6 million to be made to the joint venture (see Note 7, Commitments and Contingencies, of the accompanying consolidated financial statements).

⁽²⁾  Interest obligations on variable-rate debt are measured at the rate at which they are effectively fixed with interest rate swap agreements (where applicable) or the rate in effect as of June 30, 2019. Interest obligations on all other debt instruments are measured at the contractual rate. See Item 3, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk, for more information regarding our interest rate swaps.

⁽³⁾  These obligations are related to ground leases at certain properties, including 49.5% of the ground lease obligation at 114 Fifth Avenue, based on our ownership interest in the unconsolidated joint venture that owns that property, as well as our corporate office lease. See Note 10, Leases, of the accompanying consolidated financial statements for additional information. In addition to the amounts shown, certain lease agreements include provisions that, at the option of the tenant, may obligate us to expend capital to expand an existing property or provide other expenditures for the benefit of the tenant.

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Results of Operations

Overview

As of June 30, 2019, our portfolio of 17 operating properties and two properties under development or redevelopment was approximately 97.6% leased. For the periods presented, our operating results are impacted by investing activity as set forth below. In the near term, we expect real estate operating income to vary, primarily based on investing and leasing activities.

Acquisitions
Property	Location	% Acquired		Rentable Square Feet	Transaction Date	Purchase Price(1) (in thousands)
2018
799 Broadway	New York, NY	49.7	%	182,000	October 3, 2018	$	30,200	(2)
Lindbergh Center – Retail	Atlanta, GA	100.0	%	147,000	October 24, 2018	$	23,000

⁽¹⁾  Exclusive of transaction costs and purchase price adjustments.

⁽²⁾  Purchase price is for our partial interests in the property, which is owned through an unconsolidated joint venture. Please refer to Note 3, Real Estate Transactions, and Note 4, Unconsolidated Joint Ventures, of the accompanying consolidated financial statements for more information.

Dispositions
Property	Location	% Sold		Rentable Square Feet	Transaction Date	Sales Price(1) (in thousands)
2019
One & Three Glenlake Parkway	Atlanta, GA	100.0	%	711,000	April 15, 2019	227,500
2018
222 East 41st Street	New York, NY	100.0	%	390,000	May 29, 2018	$	332,500
263 Shuman Boulevard	Chicago, IL	100.0	%	354,000	April 13, 2018	$	49,000	(2)
University Circle and 333 Market Street Joint Ventures(3)	San Francisco, CA	22.5	%	1,108,000	February 1, 2018	$	235,300

⁽¹⁾  Exclusive of transaction costs and price adjustments.

⁽²⁾  Reflects the principal balance of the 263 Shuman Boulevard mortgage note, which was extinguished by transferring the property to the lender in the second quarter of 2018.

⁽³⁾  After the closing of this transaction, we retain a 55.0% ownership interest in both University Circle and 333 Market Street through unconsolidated joint ventures.

Comparison of the Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 With the Three Months Ended June 30, 2018

Lease revenues were $69.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, which represents a slight decrease as compared with $71.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018, as the impact of the current-year sale of One & Three Glenlake Parkway and the prior-year sale of 222 East 41st Street ($6.2 million) is partially offset by additional revenues from recent leasing ($3.3 million) and the acquisition of Lindbergh Center – Retail ($0.9 million). We expect future lease revenues to vary based on recent and future investing and leasing activities.

Management fee income was relatively stable at $1.9 million and $1.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Management fee income is expected to remain at similar levels in the near term, and may increase as a result of future investing activities.

Other property income was $1.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, which represents a decrease as compared with$2.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018, primarily due to prior-year lease termination activity. Other property operating income is expected to vary in the future, based on additional future joint venture activities.

Property operating costs were $22.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, which represents a slight increase as compared with $22.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018. The increase is primarily due to increases in taxes ($0.5 million) and in other operating costs across our same-store portfolio ($0.3 million), and the acquisition of Lindbergh Center – Retail ($0.6 million), which are offset by the impact of the current-year sale of One & Three Glenlake Parkway and the prior-year

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sale of 222 East 41st Street ($1.3 million). Property operating costs are expected to vary based on recent and future investing and leasing activities.

Management fee expenses were relatively stable at $0.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018. Future management fee expenses are expected to remain stable in the near term, and may increase as a result of future investing activities.

Depreciation was $19.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, which represents a decrease as compared with $20.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018. The impact of the current-year sale of One & Three Glenlake Parkway and the prior-year sale of 222 East 41st Street ($1.7 million) was partially offset by the acquisition of Lindbergh Center – Retail ($0.2 million). Depreciation is expected to vary based on recent and future investing activities and capital projects.

Amortization was $7.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, which represents a decrease as compared with $8.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018, primarily due to lease terminations and extensions ($1.1 million) and the current-year sale of One & Three Glenlake Parkway and the prior-year sale of 222 East 41st Street ($0.8 million), partially offset by the acquisition of Lindbergh Center – Retail ($0.3 million). We expect future amortization to vary, based on recent and future investing and leasing activities.

For the three months ended June 30, 2018, we recognized an impairment loss of $30.8 million in connection with changing our holding period expectations for 222 East 41st Street. Future impairment losses will depend primarily on our holding period intentions and any disposition strategies evaluated for our other properties.

General and administrative – corporate expenses were relatively stable at $8.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, and $8.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018. General and administrative – corporate expenses are expected to remain at similar levels in the near term.

General and administrative – unconsolidated joint ventures expenses were also relatively stable at $0.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, and $0.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018. Future general and administrative – unconsolidated joint ventures expenses are expected to vary as a result of future investing activities.

Interest expense was $10.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, which represents a decrease as compared with $14.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018. The decrease results from the settlement of a capital lease obligation using the corresponding development authority bonds in December 2018 ($1.8 million), prior-year debt repayments and settlements ($1.5 million), and interest capitalization ($0.4 million), which are partially offset by the net impact of paying down the $300 Million Term Loan with borrowings on the lower-rate Revolving Credit Facility ($0.3 million). We expect interest expense to vary in the near term based on future financing activities.

We recognized a gain on extinguishment of debt of $23.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018. In April 2018, we transferred 263 Shuman Boulevard to the lender in extinguishment of the related mortgage note, resulting in a $24.0 million gain on extinguishment of debt; and in May 2018, we repaid the remaining outstanding balance on our bridge loan approximately six months early, resulting in a $0.3 million loss due to the write-off of related deferred financing costs. We expect future gains or losses on extinguishments of debt to vary with financing activities.

Interest and other income was $1.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018. The majority of this income was earned on investments in development authority bonds, which were used to settle a corresponding capital lease obligation in December 2018. Interest income earned on investments in development authority bonds was entirely offset by interest expense incurred on the corresponding capital leases. Interest income is expected to remain at similar levels in the near term.

Income from the unconsolidated joint ventures was $2.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, which represents an increase as compared with $1.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018, primarily due to leasing at properties owned through unconsolidated joint ventures. We expect income from the unconsolidated joint ventures to vary based on future joint venture investing activities and leasing activity at the properties owned through unconsolidated joint ventures.

We recognized a gain on sale of real estate assets of $41.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, as a result of selling One & Three Glenlake Parkway in April 2019. See Note 3, Real Estate Transactions, of the accompanying consolidated financial statements for additional details. We expect future gains on sales of real estate assets to vary with disposition activity.

Net income was $47.7 million, or $0.41 per basic and diluted share, for the three months ended June 30, 2019, which represents an increase as compared with a net loss of $3.4 million, or $0.03 per basic and diluted share, for the three months ended June 30, 2018. The increase is primarily due to the current-period gain on sale of One & Three Glenlake Parkway ($41.9 million) and the prior-period impairment loss ($30.8 million), partially offset by prior-period gain on extinguishment of debt ($23.7 million). See

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Supplemental Performance Measures below for our same-store results compared with the prior year. We expect future earnings to vary, primarily as a result of leasing activity at our existing properties and future investing activity.

Comparison of the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 With the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018

Lease revenues were $141.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, which represents a slight decrease as compared with $141.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, as the impact of the current-year sale of Glenlake Parkway and prior-year sale of 222 East 41st Street ($10.3 million) were largely offset by additional revenues from recent leasing ($8.5 million) and the acquisition of Lindbergh Center – Retail ($1.7 million). We expect future lease revenues to vary based on recent and future investing and leasing activities.

Management fee income was relatively stable at $3.8 million and $3.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Management fee income is expected to remain at similar levels in the near term, and may increase as a result of future investing activities.

Other property income was $2.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, which represents a decrease from $3.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, primarily due to prior-year lease termination activity. Other property operating income is expected to vary in the future, based on additional future joint venture activities.

Property operating costs were $46.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, which represents a slight increase as compared with $45.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, which is primarily due to increases in operating costs across our same-store portfolio ($1.3 million), the acquisition of Lindbergh Center – Retail ($1.2 million), and increases in property and other taxes ($1.1 million), which are offset by the impact of dispositions ($2.2 million). Property operating costs are expected to vary, based on recent and future investing and leasing activities.

Management fee expenses were stable at $0.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018. Future management fee expenses are expected to remain stable in the near term, and may increase as a result of future investing activities.

Depreciation was $39.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, which represents a slight decrease as compared with $41.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018. The impact of the current-year sale of One & Three Glenlake Parkway and prior-year sale of 222 East 41st Street ($2.7 million) was partially offset by capital projects across the portfolio ($0.6 million) and the acquisition of Lindbergh Center – Retail ($0.4 million). Depreciation is expected to vary, based on recent and future investing activities and capital projects.

Amortization was $14.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, which represents a decrease as compared with $16.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, as the impacts of the current-year sale of One & Three Glenlake Parkway and prior-year sale of 222 East 41st Street ($1.4 million) and lease terminations and extensions ($1.3 million) are partially offset by the acquisition of Lindbergh Center – Retail ($0.6 million). We expect future amortization to vary, based on recent and future investing and leasing activities.

For the six months ended June 30, 2018, we recognized an impairment loss of $30.8 million in connection with changing our holding period expectations for 222 East 41st Street. Future impairment losses will depend primarily on our holding period intentions and any disposition strategies evaluated for our other properties.

General and administrative – corporate expenses were relatively stable at $16.6 million and $16.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. General and administrative – corporate expenses are expected to remain at similar levels in the near term.

General and administrative – unconsolidated joint ventures expenses were also relatively stable at $1.6 million and $1.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Future general and administrative – unconsolidated joint ventures expenses are expected to vary as a result of future investing activities.

Interest expense was $23.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, which represents a decrease as compared with $30.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018. The decrease results from prior-year debt repayments and settlements ($4.8 million), the settlement of a capital lease obligation using the corresponding development authority bonds in December 2018 ($3.6 million), and interest capitalization ($0.7 million), which are partially offset by the net impact of paying down the $300 Million Term Loan with borrowings on the lower-rate Revolving Credit Facility ($1.9 million). We expect interest expense to vary in the near term based on future financing activities.

We recognized a gain on extinguishment of debt of $23.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018. In April 2018, we transferred 263 Shuman Boulevard to the lender in extinguishment of the related mortgage note, resulting in a $24.0 million gain on extinguishment of debt; and in May 2018, we repaid the remaining outstanding balance on our bridge loan approximately six

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months early, resulting in a $0.3 million loss due to the write-off of related deferred financing costs. We expect future gains or losses on extinguishments of debt to vary with financing activities.

Interest and other income was $3.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018. The majority of this income was earned on investments in development authority bonds, which were used to settle a corresponding capital lease obligation in December 2018. Interest income earned on investments in development authority bonds was entirely offset by interest expense incurred on the corresponding capital leases. Interest income is expected to remain at similar levels in the near term.

We recognized a gain on sale of unconsolidated joint venture interests of $0.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, related to the sale of an additional 22.5% interest in University Circle and 333 Market Street joint ventures in February 2018, as further described in Note 3, Real Estate Transactions, to the accompanying consolidated financial statements. We expect future gains or losses on sales of unconsolidated joint venture interests to vary with future joint venture disposition activities.

Income from the unconsolidated joint ventures was $4.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, which represents an increase as compared with $3.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, as a result of leasing activity at properties owned through unconsolidated joint ventures. We expect income from the unconsolidated joint ventures to vary based on future joint venture investing activities and leasing activity at the properties owned through unconsolidated joint ventures.

We recognized a gain on sale of real estate assets of $41.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, as a result of selling One & Three Glenlake Parkway in April 2019. See Note 3, Real Estate Transactions, of the accompanying consolidated financial statements for additional details. We expect future gains on sales of real estate assets to vary with disposition activity.

Net income was $51.3 million, or $0.44 per basic and diluted share, for the six months ended June 30, 2019, which represents an increase as compared with a net loss of $1.9 million, or $0.02 per basic and diluted share, for the six months ended June 30, 2018. The increase is primarily due to the current-period gain on sale of One & Three Glenlake Parkway ($41.9 million) and the prior-period impairment loss ($30.8 million), partially offset by prior-period gain on extinguishment of debt ($23.7 million). See Supplemental Performance Measures below for our same-store results compared with the prior year. We expect future earnings to vary, primarily as a result of leasing activity at our existing properties and future investing activity.

NOI by Geographic Segment

We consider geographic location when evaluating our portfolio composition and in assessing the ongoing operations and performance of our properties. As of June 30, 2019, we aggregated our properties into the following geographic segments: New York, San Francisco, Washington, D.C., Atlanta, Boston, Los Angeles, and all other office markets. All other office markets consists of properties in low-barrier-to-entry geographic locations in which we do not have a substantial presence and do not plan to make further investments. NOI, as presented below, includes our share of properties owned through unconsolidated joint ventures. See Note 13, Segment Information, of the accompanying consolidated financial statements for additional information and a reconciliation from GAAP net income to NOI.

The following table presents NOI by geographic segment (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
New York(1)	$	23,680		$	24,369		$	46,486		$	48,548
San Francisco(2)	20,407			19,396			40,904			38,950
Washington, D.C.(3)	8,586			8,802			17,039			17,132
Atlanta	6,144			9,084			14,295			17,838
Boston	1,875			1,545			3,864			3,313
Los Angeles	1,163			1,154			2,282			2,362
All other office markets	3,852			3,869			7,688			7,160
Total office segments	65,707			68,219			132,558			135,303
Corporate	(235		)	(170		)	(440		)	(395		)
Total NOI	$	65,472		$	68,049		$	132,118		$	134,908

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⁽¹⁾  Includes NOI for two unconsolidated properties, 114 Fifth Avenue and 799 Broadway, based on our ownership interest: 49.5% for 114 Fifth Avenue for all periods presented; and 49.7% for 799 Broadway from October 3, 2018 through June 30, 2019.

⁽²⁾  Includes NOI for two unconsolidated properties, 333 Market Street and University Circle, based on our ownership interests:  77.5% from January 1, 2018 through January 31, 2018; and 55.0% from February 1, 2018 through June 30, 2019.

⁽³⁾  Includes NOI for two unconsolidated properties, Market Square and 1800 M Street, based on our ownership interests: 51.0% for the Market Square and 55.0% for 1800 M Street for all periods presented.

New York

NOI has decreased as a result of the sale of 222 East 41st Street in May of 2018, largely offset by leasing, primarily at 315 Park Avenue South. From June 30, 2018 to June 30, 2019, 315 Park Avenue South's commenced occupancy increased from 63.6% to 94.9%.

San Francisco

NOI has increased as a result of leasing, primarily at 650 California Street and University Circle. From June 30, 2018 to June 30, 2019, 650 California Street's commenced occupancy increased from 89.6% to 97.2%. At University Circle, 145,000 square feet of new and renewal leases have commenced since June 30, 2018, all with increased rental rates.

Atlanta

NOI has decreased as a result of the sale of One & Three Glenlake Parkway in April 2019.

Boston

NOI has increased as a result of leasing at 116 Huntington Avenue. From June 30, 2018 to June 30, 2019, 116 Huntington Avenue's commenced occupancy increased from 82.7% to 88.8%.

All Other Office Markets

Year-to-date, NOI increased as a result of transferring vacant 263 Shuman Boulevard to the lender in extinguishment of the related mortgage note on April 13, 2018.

Supplemental Performance Measures

In addition to net income, we measure the company's performance using certain non-GAAP metrics, including: (i) Funds From Operations ("FFO"), (ii) Net Operating Income ("NOI"), and (iii) Same Store Net Operating Income ("Same Store NOI"). These supplemental performance measures are commonly used by REIT industry analysts and investors, and are viewed by management to be useful indicators of operating performance principally because they exclude the effects of certain income and expenses that do not reflect the cash-generating capability of our operations. Management believes that the use of FFO, NOI, and Same Store NOI, combined with net income, improves the understanding of operating results of REITs among the investing public and makes comparisons of REIT operating results more meaningful.

Net income is the most comparable GAAP measure to FFO, NOI, and Same Store NOI. Each of these supplemental performance measures excludes expenses that materially impact our overall results of operations and, therefore, should not be considered as a substitute for net income, or any other measures derived in accordance with GAAP. Furthermore, these metrics may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures used by other companies.

Funds From Operations

FFO is a non-GAAP measure used by many investors and analysts who follow the real estate industry to measure the performance of an equity REIT. We consider FFO a useful measure of our performance, principally because it excludes the effects of depreciation and amortization of real estate assets. GAAP depreciation and amortization reflect a systematic reduction in the carrying value of real estate assets and, therefore, are not indicative of the actual increase or decrease in the realizable value of real estate assets. We believe that the use of FFO, combined with the required GAAP presentations, is beneficial in improving our investors' understanding of our operating results and allowing for comparisons among other companies who define FFO as we do.

FFO, as defined by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts ("NAREIT"), represents net income (computed in accordance with GAAP), excluding gains or losses on sales of real estate and impairments of real estate assets, and real estate-related depreciation and amortization, after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures, for both continuing and discontinued operations. We compute FFO in accordance with NAREIT's definition, which may differ from the methodology for calculating FFO, or similarly titled measures, used by other companies, and thus may not be comparable to those presentations.

FFO is not reduced for the amounts needed to fund capital replacements or expansions, debt service obligations, or other commitments and uncertainties, nor is it indicative of funds available to fund our cash needs, including our ability to make

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distributions. Our presentation of FFO should not be considered as an alternative to net income (computed in accordance with GAAP) or as an indicator of financial performance.

GAAP net income reconciles to FFO as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Net income	$	47,747		$	(3,439	)	$	51,260		$	(1,941	)
Adjustments:
Depreciation of real estate assets	19,335			20,681			39,739			41,516
Amortization of lease-related costs	7,106			8,623			14,567			16,639
Impairment loss on real estate assets	—			30,812			—			30,812
Depreciation and amortization included in income from unconsolidated joint ventures(1)	12,502			12,632			25,430			26,190
Gain on sale of unconsolidated joint venture interests	—			—			—			(762		)
Gain on sale of real estate assets	(41,918		)	—			(41,918		)	—
Total funds from operations adjustments	(2,975		)	72,748			37,818			114,395
NAREIT FFO available to common stockholders	$	44,772		$	69,309		$	89,078		$	112,454

⁽¹⁾  Reflects our ownership interest in depreciation and amortization for investments in unconsolidated joint ventures.

The following significant noncash revenues and expenses are included in our funds from operations:

• Straight-line rental income, net:  to recognize rent on a straight-line basis over the lease term, we recognized net straight-line rental income for our wholly owned properties of $3.6 million and $7.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively; and $8.2 million and $17.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.��Income from unconsolidated joint ventures includes additional net straight-line rental income of $0.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018; and $0.6 million and $0.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

• Amortization of intangible lease assets and liabilities:  to amortize above- and below-market, in-place lease intangible assets (liabilities), we recognized net increases to rental revenues (or decreases to operating expenses) for our wholly owned properties of $(1.1) million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018; and $(2.3) million and $(1.2) million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Income from unconsolidated joint ventures includes additional net operating income for amortization of intangible lease assets and liabilities of $(2.5) million and $(2.9) million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively; and $(4.9) million and $(6.0) million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

• Gain on extinguishment of debt:  we recognized a gain on the settlement of debt of $23.7 million during the six months ended June 30, 2018. 

• Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt premiums (discounts):  to amortize costs associated with securing debt from third-party lenders over the terms of the respective debt facilities, we recognized noncash interest expense of $0.6 million and $0.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively; and $1.3 million and $1.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Income from unconsolidated joint ventures includes additional noncash interest expense of $0.4 million for both the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018; and $0.8 million for both the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018. 

Net Operating Income

As set forth below, NOI is calculated by deducting property operating costs from rental and other property revenues for continuing operations. As a performance metric consisting of only revenues and expenses directly related to ongoing real estate rental operations, which have been or will be settled in cash, NOI is narrower in scope than FFO.

NOI, as we calculate it, may not be directly comparable to similarly titled, but differently calculated, measures for other REITs. We believe that NOI is another useful supplemental performance measure, as it is an input in many REIT valuation models, and it provides a means by which to evaluate the performance of the properties.

The major factors influencing our NOI are property acquisitions and dispositions, occupancy levels, rental rate increases or decreases, and the recoverability of operating expenses.

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Same Store Net Operating Income

We also evaluate the performance of our properties, on a "same-store" basis, using a metric referred to as Same Store NOI. We view Same Store NOI as a useful supplemental performance measure because it improves comparability between periods by eliminating the effects of changes in our operating portfolio. On an individual property basis, Same Store NOI is computed in the same manner as NOI (as described in the preceding section).

Quarter to Date

For the three months ended June 30, 2019, we have defined our same-store portfolio as those properties that have been continuously owned and operated since April 1, 2018 (the first day of the first quarterly period presented). NOI and Same Store NOI are calculated as follows for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018
Same Store NOI – wholly owned properties:
Revenues:
Lease revenues	$	67,941		$	64,418
Other property income	1,186			1,593
Total revenues	69,127			66,011
Property operating expenses	(21,605		)	(20,716		)
Same Store NOI – wholly owned properties(1)	47,522			45,295
Same Store NOI – joint venture-owned properties(2)	17,459			17,155
Same Store NOI	64,981			62,450
NOI from acquisitions(3)	195			—
NOI from dispositions(4)	296			5,599
NOI	$	65,472		$	68,049

⁽¹⁾  Reflects NOI from properties that were wholly owned for the entirety of the periods presented.

⁽²⁾  Reflects NOI earned from properties owned through unconsolidated joint ventures based on our ownership interest as of June 30, 2019, for the entirety of the periods presented. The NOI for properties held through unconsolidated joint ventures is included in income from unconsolidated joint ventures in our accompanying consolidated statements of operations. See Note 4, Unconsolidated Joint Ventures, of the accompanying consolidated financial statements, for more information.

⁽³⁾  Reflects activity for the following properties acquired since April 1, 2018: Lindbergh Center – Retail, acquired on October 24, 2018 and 49.7% of 799 Broadway, acquired on October 3, 2018.

⁽⁴⁾  Reflects activity for the following properties sold since April 1, 2018, for all periods presented: One & Three Glenlake Parkway, sold on April 15, 2019; 222 East 41st Street, sold on May 29, 2018; and 263 Shuman Boulevard, returned to lender on April 13, 2018.

Same Store NOI increased from $62.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018, to $65.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, primarily as a result of leasing at 315 Park Avenue South in New York and 650 California Street and University Circle in San Francisco.

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Year to Date

For the six months ended June 30, 2019, we have defined our same-store portfolio as those properties that have been continuously owned and operated since January 1, 2018 (the first day of the first annual period presented). NOI and Same Store NOI are calculated as follows for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands):

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018
Same Store NOI – wholly owned properties:
Revenues:
Lease revenues	$	134,830		$	126,577
Other property income	2,723			2,645
Total revenues	137,553			129,222
Property operating expenses	(43,542		)	(41,131		)
Same Store NOI – wholly owned properties(1)	94,011			88,091
Same Store NOI – joint venture-owned properties(2)	35,178			34,001
Same Store NOI	129,189			122,092
NOI from acquisitions(3)	297			—
NOI from dispositions(4)	2,632			12,816
NOI	$	132,118		$	134,908

⁽¹⁾  Reflects NOI from properties that were wholly owned for the entirety of the periods presented.

⁽²⁾  Reflects NOI earned from properties owned through unconsolidated joint ventures based on our ownership interest as of June 30, 2019, for the entirety of the periods presented. The NOI for properties held through unconsolidated joint ventures is included in income from unconsolidated joint ventures in our accompanying consolidated statements of operations. See Note 4, Unconsolidated Joint Ventures, of the accompanying consolidated financial statements, for more information.

⁽³⁾  Reflects activity for the following properties acquired since January 1, 2018: Lindbergh Center – Retail, acquired on October 24, 2018 and 49.7% of 799 Broadway, acquired on October 3, 2018.

⁽⁴⁾  Reflects activity for the following properties sold since January 1, 2018, for all periods presented: One & Three Glenlake Parkway, sold on April 15, 2019; 222 East 41st Street, sold on May 29, 2018; 263 Shuman Boulevard, returned to lender on April 13, 2018; and 22.5% of both University Circle and 333 Market Street, sold on February 1, 2018.

Same Store NOI increased from $122.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, to $129.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, primarily as a result of leasing at 315 Park Avenue South in New York and 650 California Street and University Circle in San Francisco.

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Reconciliation

A reconciliation of GAAP net income to NOI and Same Store NOI is presented below (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Net income (loss)	$	47,747		$	(3,439	)	$	51,260		$	(1,941	)
Management fee income	(1,898		)	(1,818		)	(3,767		)	(3,577		)
Depreciation	19,335			20,681			39,739			41,516
Amortization	7,106			8,623			14,567			16,639
General and administrative – corporate	8,180			8,282			16,604			16,076
General and administrative – unconsolidated joint ventures	838			736			1,647			1,467
Net interest expense	10,897			14,300			22,991			30,192
Interest income from development authority bonds	—			(1,800		)	—			(3,600		)
Gain on extinguishment of debt	—			—			—			(762		)
Gain on sale of unconsolidated joint venture interests	—			(23,713		)	—			(23,713		)
Income tax expense	9			6			16			13
Adjustments included in income from unconsolidated joint ventures	15,176			15,379			30,979			31,786
Gain on sale of real estate assets	(41,918		)	—			(41,918		)	—
Impairment loss	—			30,812			—			30,812
NOI:	$	65,472		$	68,049		$	132,118		$	134,908
Same Store NOI – joint venture owned properties(1)	(17,459		)	(17,155		)	(35,178		)	(34,001		)
NOI from acquisitions(2)	(195		)	—			(297		)	—
NOI from dispositions(3)	(296		)	(5,599		)	(2,632		)	(12,816		)
Same Store NOI – wholly owned properties(4)	$	47,522		$	45,295		$	94,011		$	88,091

⁽¹⁾  Reflects NOI earned from properties owned through unconsolidated joint ventures based on our ownership interest as of June 30, 2019, for the entirety of the periods presented. The NOI for properties held through unconsolidated joint ventures is included in income from unconsolidated joint ventures in our accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

⁽²⁾  For the three months ended June 30, 2019, reflects activity for the following properties acquired since April 1, 2018: Lindbergh Center – Retail, acquired on October 24, 2018 and 49.7% of 799 Broadway, acquired on October 3, 2018. For the six months ended June 30, 2019, reflects activity for the following properties acquired since January 1, 2018: Lindbergh Center – Retail, acquired on October 24, 2018 and 49.7% of 799 Broadway, acquired on October 3, 2018.

⁽³⁾  For the three months ended June 30, 2019, Reflects activity for the following properties sold since April 1, 2018, for all periods presented: One & Three Glenlake Parkway, sold on April 15, 2019; 222 East 41st Street, sold on May 29, 2018; and 263 Shuman Boulevard, returned to lender on April 13, 2018. For the six months ended June 30, 2019, reflects activity for the following properties sold since January 1, 2018, for all periods presented: One & Three Glenlake Parkway, sold on April 15, 2019; 222 East 41st Street, sold on May 29, 2018; 263 Shuman Boulevard, returned to lender on April 13, 2018; and 22.5% of both University Circle and 333 Market Street, sold on February 1, 2018.

⁽⁴⁾  Reflects NOI from properties that were wholly owned for the entirety of the periods presented.

Election as a REIT

We have elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Code and have operated as such beginning with our taxable year ended December 31, 2003. To qualify as a REIT, we must meet certain organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement to distribute at least 90% of our adjusted taxable income, as defined in the Code, to our stockholders. To the extent that we satisfy the distribution requirement but distribute less than 100% of our REIT taxable income, we would be subject to federal and state corporate income tax on the undistributed income. If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we will then be subject to federal income taxes on our taxable income for that year and for the four years following the year during which qualification is lost, unless the Internal Revenue Service grants us relief under certain statutory provisions. Such an event could materially affect our net income and net cash available for distribution to our stockholders. However, we believe that we are organized and operate in such a manner as to qualify for treatment as a REIT for federal income tax purposes.

The TRS Entities are wholly owned subsidiaries of Columbia Property Trust and are organized as Delaware limited liability companies. The TRS Entities, among other things, provide tenant services that we, as a REIT, cannot otherwise provide. We have

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elected to treat the TRS Entities as taxable REIT subsidiaries. We may perform certain additional, noncustomary services for tenants of our buildings through the TRS Entities; however, any earnings related to such services are subject to federal and state income taxes. In addition, for us to continue to qualify as a REIT, we must limit our investments in taxable REIT subsidiaries to 20% of the value of our total assets. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are established for temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of assets and liabilities at the enacted rates expected to be in effect when the temporary differences reverse.

No provisions for federal income taxes have been made in our accompanying consolidated financial statements, other than the provisions relating to the TRS Entities, as we made distributions in excess of or equal to taxable income for the periods presented. We are subject to certain state and local taxes related to property operations in certain locations, which have been provided for in our accompanying consolidated financial statements.

Inflation

We are exposed to inflation risk, as income from long-term leases is the primary source of our cash flows from operations. There are provisions in the majority of our tenant leases that are intended to protect us from, and mitigate the risk of, the impact of inflation. These provisions include rent steps, reimbursement billings for operating expense pass-through charges, real estate tax and insurance reimbursements on a per-square-foot basis or, in some cases, annual reimbursement of operating expenses above a certain per-square-foot allowance. However, due to the long-term nature of the leases, the leases may not reset frequently enough to fully cover inflation.

Application of Critical Accounting Policies

There have been no material changes in our critical accounting policies from those disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018. As described in Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to the accompanying consolidated financial statements, we adopted ASC 842 during the quarter ended March 31, 2019.

Related-Party Transactions

During the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, we did not have any related-party transactions, except as described in Note 4, Unconsolidated Joint Ventures, of the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

Commitments and Contingencies

We are subject to certain commitments and contingencies with regard to certain transactions. Refer to Note 7, Commitments and Contingencies, of our accompanying consolidated financial statements for further explanation. Examples of such commitments and contingencies include:

• guaranties related to the debt of an unconsolidated joint venture;

• obligations under operating leases;

• commitments under existing lease agreements; and

• litigation.

Subsequent Events

We have evaluated subsequent events in connection with the preparation of the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in this report on Form 10-Q, and did not note any subsequent events.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

As a result of certain of our outstanding debt facilities, we are exposed to interest rate changes. Our interest rate risk management objectives are to limit the impact of interest rate changes on earnings and cash flow, primarily through a low to moderate level of overall borrowings. We manage our ratio of fixed- to floating-rate debt with the objective of achieving a mix that we believe is appropriate in light of anticipated changes. We closely monitor interest rates and will continue to consider the sources and terms of our borrowing facilities to determine whether we have appropriately guarded ourselves against the risk of increasing interest rates in future periods. Fluctuations in LIBOR may affect the amount of interest expense we incur on borrowings indexed to LIBOR, such as borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility and the $300 Million Term Loan, which bear interest at the applicable LIBOR rate, as defined in the credit agreements, plus an applicable margin that is subject to adjustment based on our credit ratings.

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Additionally, we have entered into interest rate swaps and may enter into other interest rate swaps, caps, or other arrangements to mitigate our interest rate risk on a related financial instrument. We do not currently enter into derivative or interest rate transactions for speculative purposes; however, at times certain of our derivatives may not qualify for hedge accounting treatment. All of our debt was entered into for other-than-trading purposes.

Our financial instruments consist of both fixed-rate and variable-rate debt. Our variable-rate borrowings consist of the Revolving Credit Facility, the $300 Million Term Loan, and the $150 Million Term Loan. However, only the Revolving Credit Facility and the $300 Million Term Loan bear interest at effectively variable rates, as the variable rate on the $150 Million Term Loan has been effectively fixed through the interest rate swap agreement described in the "Liquidity and Capital Resources" section of Item 2, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

As of June 30, 2019, we had $347.0 million in outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility; $150.0 million outstanding on the $150 Million Term Loan; $349.7 million in 2025 Bonds Payable outstanding; $349.1 million in 2026 Bonds Payable outstanding; and no borrowings outstanding on our $300 Million Term Loan. The amounts outstanding on our Revolving Credit Facility in the future will largely depend upon future acquisition and disposition activity. The weighted-average interest rate of all our consolidated debt instruments was 3.61% as of June 30, 2019.

Approximately $848.8 million of our total debt outstanding as of June 30, 2019, is subject to fixed rates, either directly or when coupled with an interest rate swap agreement. As of June 30, 2019, these balances incurred interest expense at an average interest rate of 3.75% and have expirations ranging from 2022 through 2026. A change in the market interest rate impacts the net financial instrument position of our fixed-rate debt portfolio; however, it has no impact on interest incurred or cash flows.

Approximately $347.0 million of our total debt is subject to variable rates. As of June 30, 2019, this balance incurred interest expense at an average interest rate of 3.27% and expires in 2023. An increase or decrease in interest rates of 100 basis points would have a $3.5 million annual impact on our interest payments.

Our Market Square Joint Venture holds a $325 million mortgage note, which bears interest at a fixed rate of 5.07%; and our 799 Broadway Joint Venture holds a $105.8 million construction note, which bears interest at a floating rate of 6.66% as of June 30, 2019. Adjusting for our ownership share of the debt at these unconsolidated joint ventures, our weighted-average interest rate of all of our debt instruments is 3.70% at June 30, 2019.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Management's Conclusions Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon that evaluation, the Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report in providing a reasonable level of assurance that information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods in SEC rules and forms, including providing a reasonable level of assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in such reports is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Principal Executive Officer and our Principal Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended June 30, 2019, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

From time to time, we are party to legal proceedings, which arise in the ordinary course of our business. We are not currently involved in any legal proceedings of which the outcome is reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, liquidity, or financial condition, nor are we aware of any such legal proceedings contemplated by governmental authorities.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

There have been no material changes from the risk factors disclosed in the "Risk Factors" section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

(a) During the quarter ended June 30, 2019, we did not sell any equity securities that were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933.

(b) Not applicable.

(c) On September 4, 2017, our board of directors approved the 2017 Stock Repurchase Program, which provides for Columbia Property Trust to buy up to $200 million of our common stock over a two-year period, expiring on September 4, 2019.

During the quarter ended June 30, 2019, we did not repurchase any shares in accordance with the 2017 Stock Repurchase Program, as described in Note 8, Stockholders' Equity, of the accompanying financial statements.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

(a) There have been no defaults with respect to any of our indebtedness.

(b) Not applicable.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

(a) During the second quarter of 2019, there was no information that was required to be disclosed in a report on Form 8-K that was not disclosed in a report on Form 8-K.

(b) There are no material changes to the procedures by which stockholders may recommend nominees to our board of directors since the filing of our most recent Schedule 14A.

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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

(a) Exhibits

EXHIBIT INDEX TO

SECOND QUARTER 2019 FORM 10-Q OF

COLUMBIA PROPERTY TRUST, INC.

The following documents are filed as exhibits to this report. Exhibits that are not required for this report are omitted. 

Ex.	Description
3.1	Second Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation as Amended by the First, Second, and Third Articles of Amendment and the Articles Supplementary (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on November 5, 2013).
3.2	Fourth Articles of Amendment (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on July 1, 2014).
3.3	Fifth Articles of Amendment (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on May 3, 2017).
3.4	Fourth Amended and Restated Bylaws, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on March 7, 2019).
4.1	Statement regarding restrictions on transferability of shares of common stock (to appear on stock certificate or to be sent upon request and without charge to stockholders issued shares without certificates) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Commission on March 1, 2013).
4.2	Indenture, dated March 12, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on March 12, 2015).
4.3	Supplemental Indenture, dated March 12, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on March 12, 2015).
4.4	Form of 4.150% Senior Notes due 2025 (included in Exhibit 4.3).
4.5	Supplemental Indenture, dated August 12, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on August 12, 2016).
4.6	Form of 3.650% Senior Notes due 2026 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on August 12, 2016).
31.1*	Certification of the Principal Executive Officer of the Company, pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2*	Certification of the Principal Financial Officer of the Company, pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1*	Certification of the Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer of the Company, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS*	XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH*	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema.
101.CAL*	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase.
101.DEF*	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase.
101.LAB*	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase.
101.PRE*	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase.
*	Filed herewith.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

		COLUMBIA PROPERTY TRUST, INC. (Registrant)
Dated:	July 25, 2019	By:	/s/ JAMES A. FLEMING
			James A. Fleming Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

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