EXHIBIT 99.2
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
AS AT AND FOR THE YEARS ENDED
DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020
TABLE OF CONTENTS | Page | |||||||||||||
Management's Responsibility for Financial Reporting | ||||||||||||||
Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID 1208) | 3 | |||||||||||||
Consolidated Statements of Operations | ||||||||||||||
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Earnings | ||||||||||||||
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows | ||||||||||||||
Consolidated Balance Sheets | ||||||||||||||
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity | ||||||||||||||
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: | ||||||||||||||
Note 1: | Description of Business and Nature of Operations | |||||||||||||
Note 2: | Basis of Preparation and Presentation | |||||||||||||
Note 3: | Significant Accounting Policies | |||||||||||||
Note 4: | Critical Judgements and Estimation Uncertainties | |||||||||||||
Note 5: | Recent Accounting Pronouncements | |||||||||||||
Note 6: | Business Transactions | |||||||||||||
Note 7: | Segment Information | |||||||||||||
Note 8: | Revenue | |||||||||||||
Note 9: | Employee Compensation and Benefits Expenses | |||||||||||||
Note 10: | Other Operating Expenses, Net | |||||||||||||
Note 11: | Other (Income) Costs, Net | |||||||||||||
Note 12: | Finance Costs | |||||||||||||
Note 13: | Impairment and Reversal of Impairment | |||||||||||||
Note 14: | Income Taxes | |||||||||||||
Note 15: | Earnings Per Share | |||||||||||||
Note 16: | Supplementary Cash Flow Information | |||||||||||||
Note 17: | Financial Instruments | |||||||||||||
Note 18: | Financial Risk Management | |||||||||||||
Note 19: | Inventories | |||||||||||||
Note 20: | Other Financial Assets | |||||||||||||
Note 21: | Other Assets | |||||||||||||
Note 22: | Property, Plant and Equipment | |||||||||||||
Note 23: | Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets | |||||||||||||
Note 24: | Investments in Associates | |||||||||||||
Note 25: | Trade and Other Payables | |||||||||||||
Note 26: | Other Financial Liabilities | |||||||||||||
Note 27: | Other Provisions and Liabilities | |||||||||||||
Note 28: | Long-Term Debt and Credit Facility | |||||||||||||
Note 29: | Environmental Rehabilitation Provision | |||||||||||||
Note 30: | Share Capital | |||||||||||||
Note 31: | Share-Based Payments | |||||||||||||
Note 32: | Non-Controlling Interests | |||||||||||||
Note 33: | Capital Management | |||||||||||||
Note 34: | Leases | |||||||||||||
Note 35: | Commitments and Contingencies | |||||||||||||
Note 36: | Related Party Transactions | |||||||||||||
MANAGEMENT'S RESPONSIBILITY FOR FINANCIAL REPORTING
The accompanying consolidated financial statements of Yamana Gold Inc. and subsidiaries ("Yamana Gold Inc." or the "Company") and all the information in this annual report are the responsibility of management and have been approved by the Board of Directors.
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared by management on a going concern basis in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”). When alternative accounting methods exist, management has chosen those it deems most appropriate in the circumstances. Financial statements are not exact since they include certain amounts based on estimates and judgements. Management has determined such amounts on a reasonable basis in order to ensure that the financial statements are presented fairly, in all material respects. Management has prepared the financial information presented elsewhere in the annual report and has ensured that it is consistent with that in the consolidated financial statements.
Yamana Gold Inc. maintains systems of internal accounting and administrative controls in order to provide, on a reasonable basis, assurance that the financial information is relevant, reliable and accurate and that the Company's assets are appropriately accounted for and adequately safeguarded. The Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2021, is based on the criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
The Board of Directors is responsible for ensuring that management fulfills its responsibilities for financial reporting and is ultimately responsible for reviewing and approving the financial statements. The Board carries out this responsibility principally through its Audit Committee ("Committee").
The Audit Committee is appointed by the Board, and all of its members are independent directors. The Committee meets at least four times a year with management, as well as the external auditors, to discuss internal controls over the financial reporting process, auditing matters and financial reporting issues, to satisfy itself that each party is properly discharging its responsibilities, and to review the quarterly and the annual reports, the consolidated financial statements and the external auditors' reports. The Committee reports its findings to the Board for consideration when approving the consolidated financial statements for issuance to the shareholders. The Committee also considers, for review by the Board and approval by the shareholders, the engagement or reappointment of the external auditors. The consolidated financial statements have been audited by Deloitte LLP, Chartered Professional Accountants, Licensed Public Accountants, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) on behalf of the shareholders. Deloitte LLP has full and free access to the Audit Committee.
“Daniel Racine” “Jason LeBlanc”
President and Senior Vice President, Finance and
Chief Executive Officer Chief Financial Officer
February 17, 2022
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of Yamana Gold Inc.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Yamana Gold Inc. and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive earnings, cash flows and changes in equity, for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2021, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, and its financial performance and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2021, in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 17, 2022, expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.
Mining Properties – Assessment of Whether Indicators of Impairment or Impairment Reversal Exist – Refer to Notes 4, 13 and 22 of the Financial Statements
Critical Audit Matter Description
The Company’s determination of whether an indicator of impairment or impairment reversal exists requires significant management judgment.
While there are several inputs that are required to determine whether or not an indicator of impairment or impairment reversal exists, the judgments with the highest degree of subjectivity are future commodity prices (gold and silver), inputs to the Company’s market capitalization deficiency assessment (specifically, control premiums, industry specific factors and company performance), future foreign exchange rates and the discount rate. Auditing these estimates and inputs required a high degree of subjectivity in applying audit procedures and in evaluating the results of those procedures. This resulted in an increased extent of audit effort, including the involvement of fair value specialists.
How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit
Our audit procedures related to future commodity prices (gold and silver), inputs to the market capitalization deficiency assessment (specifically, control premiums, industry specific factors and company performance), future foreign exchange rates and the discount rate considered in the assessment of indicators of impairment or impairment reversal included the following, among others:
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•Evaluated the effectiveness of controls over management’s assessment of indicators of impairment or impairment reversal, including the determination of future commodity prices (gold and silver), future foreign exchange rates and the discount rate.
•With the assistance of fair value specialists;
◦Evaluated the reasonableness of the forecasts of future gold and silver prices and future foreign exchange rates by comparing management’s forecasts to third party forecasts.
◦Evaluated management’s assessment of the market capitalization deficiency to the carrying value of the Company’s net assets which included assessing control premiums, industry specific factors and company performance.
◦Evaluated the reasonableness of the discount rate by testing the source information underlying the determination of the discount rate.
Impairment assessment – Canadian Malartic Cash-Generating Unit (CGU) Goodwill – Refer to Notes 4, 13, 22 and 23 of the Financial Statements
Critical Audit Matter Description
The Company has goodwill associated with its investment in the Canadian Malartic CGU. The Company performs an annual assessment of impairment for goodwill, or more frequently if any event or change in circumstances indicates that the carrying value of the CGU may be above its recoverable amount using the higher of fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. In addition, at each reporting date, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of its mining properties and plant and equipment at a CGU level to determine whether there is an indication that these assets might be impaired, or that previously recognized impairment losses may no longer exist or may have decreased. If any such indicators exist, the recoverable amount of the relevant CGU is estimated based on the higher of its fair value less costs of disposal and value in use, to determine the extent of the impairment loss or impairment loss reversal.
While there are several inputs that are required to determine the recoverable amount for this CGU, the estimates and assumptions with the highest degree of subjectivity and judgment uncertainty are forecasts of future revenues (specifically future gold and silver prices and potential ounces), future foreign exchange rates and discount rate. Performing audit procedures to evaluate the reasonableness of such estimates and assumptions required a high degree of auditor judgment and an increased extent of audit effort, including the involvement of fair value specialists.
How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit
Our audit procedures related to the forecasts of future revenues (specifically future gold and silver prices and potential ounces), future foreign exchange rates and discount rate used in determining the recoverable value of the CGU included the following, among others:
•Evaluated the effectiveness of controls over management’s determination of the future commodity prices (gold and silver), in-situ value assigned to the potential ounces, future foreign exchange rates, and the discount rate.
•With the assistance of fair value specialists;
◦Evaluated the reasonableness of the forecasts of future gold and silver prices and future foreign exchange rates by comparing management’s forecasts to third party forecasts.
◦Obtained third party information surrounding in-situ values to assess the reasonableness of the value assigned to the potential ounces.
◦Evaluated the reasonableness of the discount rate by testing the source information underlying the determination of the discount rate and developed a range of independent estimates for the discount rate and compared to the discount rate selected by management.
"/s/ Deloitte LLP”
Chartered Professional Accountants
Licensed Public Accountants
Toronto, Canada
February 17, 2022
We have served as the Company's auditor since 1995.
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of Yamana Gold Inc.
Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Yamana Gold Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2021 of the Company and our report dated February 17, 2022, expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
"/s/ Deloitte LLP"
Chartered Professional Accountants
Licensed Public Accountants
Toronto, Canada
February 17, 2022
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YAMANA GOLD INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
(In millions of US Dollars except for shares and per share amounts) | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||||
Revenue (Note 8) | $ | 1,815.4 | $ | 1,561.0 | ||||||||||
Cost of sales excluding depletion, depreciation and amortization | (695.0) | (614.1) | ||||||||||||
Gross margin excluding depletion, depreciation and amortization | $ | 1,120.4 | $ | 946.9 | ||||||||||
Depletion, depreciation and amortization | (447.9) | (395.0) | ||||||||||||
Temporary suspension, standby and other incremental COVID-19 costs | (37.4) | (40.5) | ||||||||||||
Reversal of impairment of mining properties, net (Note 13) | — | 191.0 | ||||||||||||
Mine operating earnings | $ | 635.1 | $ | 702.4 | ||||||||||
Expenses | ||||||||||||||
General and administrative | (74.8) | (85.9) | ||||||||||||
Exploration and evaluation | (31.6) | (15.1) | ||||||||||||
Share of earnings (loss) of associates (Note 24) | 0.9 | (1.0) | ||||||||||||
Other operating expenses, net (Note 10) | (37.4) | (14.6) | ||||||||||||
Operating earnings | $ | 492.2 | $ | 585.8 | ||||||||||
Finance costs (Note 12) | (134.4) | (77.0) | ||||||||||||
Other income (costs), net (Note 11) | 26.7 | (18.7) | ||||||||||||
Earnings before taxes | $ | 384.5 | $ | 490.1 | ||||||||||
Current income tax expense (Note 14) | (159.8) | (116.2) | ||||||||||||
Deferred income tax expense (Note 14) | (135.9) | (170.3) | ||||||||||||
Income tax expense, net | $ | (295.7) | $ | (286.5) | ||||||||||
Net earnings | $ | 88.8 | $ | 203.6 | ||||||||||
Attributable to: | ||||||||||||||
Yamana Gold Inc. equity holders | $ | 147.5 | $ | 203.6 | ||||||||||
Non-controlling interests (Note 32) | (58.7) | — | ||||||||||||
Net earnings | $ | 88.8 | $ | 203.6 | ||||||||||
Earnings per share attributable to Yamana Gold Inc. equity holders (Note 15) | ||||||||||||||
Basic and diluted | $ | 0.15 | $ | 0.21 | ||||||||||
Weighted average number of shares outstanding (in thousands) (Note 15) | ||||||||||||||
Basic | 963,393 | 951,818 | ||||||||||||
Diluted | 964,932 | 953,846 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
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YAMANA GOLD INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE EARNINGS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
(In millions of US Dollars) | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||||
Net earnings | $ | 88.8 | $ | 203.6 | ||||||||||
Other comprehensive earnings, net of taxes | ||||||||||||||
Items that may be reclassified subsequently to net earnings: | ||||||||||||||
Cash-flow hedges | ||||||||||||||
- Effective portion of changes in fair value of cash flow hedges (Note 17) | (11.8) | (24.0) | ||||||||||||
- Reclassification of losses recorded in earnings (Note 17) | 9.7 | 16.9 | ||||||||||||
- Tax Impact on fair value of hedging instruments (Note 14) | 1.9 | 2.0 | ||||||||||||
- Time value of options contracts excluded from hedge relationship (Note 17) | (4.9) | (0.2) | ||||||||||||
Investment in associate | ||||||||||||||
- Share of other comprehensive loss from investment in associate (Note 24) | — | (1.6) | ||||||||||||
- Reclassification of accumulated other comprehensive losses from investment in associate to net earnings upon discontinuation of the equity method (Note 6) | — | 11.1 | ||||||||||||
$ | (5.1) | $ | 4.2 | |||||||||||
Items that will not be reclassified to net earnings: | ||||||||||||||
Changes in the fair value of equity investments at FVOCI | (11.0) | 13.9 | ||||||||||||
Income tax relating to items that will not be reclassified subsequently to net earnings | 1.5 | (1.5) | ||||||||||||
Re-measurement of employee benefit plan | (1.3) | (0.7) | ||||||||||||
Total other comprehensive (loss) earnings | $ | (15.9) | $ | 15.9 | ||||||||||
Total comprehensive earnings | $ | 72.9 | $ | 219.5 | ||||||||||
Attributable to: | ||||||||||||||
Yamana Gold Inc. equity holders | $ | 131.6 | $ | 219.5 | ||||||||||
Non-controlling interests | (58.7) | — | ||||||||||||
Total comprehensive earnings | $ | 72.9 | $ | 219.5 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
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YAMANA GOLD INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
(In millions of US Dollars) | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||||
Operating activities | ||||||||||||||
Earnings before taxes | $ | 384.5 | $ | 490.1 | ||||||||||
Adjustments to reconcile earnings before taxes to net operating cash flows: | ||||||||||||||
Depletion, depreciation and amortization | 447.9 | 395.0 | ||||||||||||
Share-based payments | 3.2 | 31.5 | ||||||||||||
Other (income) costs, net | (4.9) | 18.7 | ||||||||||||
Finance costs (Note 12) | 134.4 | 77.0 | ||||||||||||
Mark-to-market on financial instruments | 0.3 | (6.9) | ||||||||||||
Share of (earnings) loss of associates (Note 24) | (0.9) | 1.0 | ||||||||||||
Reversal of impairment of mining properties, net (Note 13) | — | (191.0) | ||||||||||||
Amortization of deferred revenue (Note 27) | (18.0) | (16.1) | ||||||||||||
Gain on discontinuation of the equity method (Note 6) | (10.2) | (21.3) | ||||||||||||
Other non-cash expenses, net (Note 16) | 20.7 | 28.7 | ||||||||||||
Environmental rehabilitation obligations paid (Note 29) | (16.2) | (3.2) | ||||||||||||
Other cash payments | (5.2) | (15.5) | ||||||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities before income taxes paid and net change in working capital | $ | 935.6 | $ | 788.0 | ||||||||||
Income taxes paid | (151.0) | (99.3) | ||||||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities before net change in working capital | $ | 784.6 | $ | 688.7 | ||||||||||
Net change in working capital (Note 16) | (42.3) | (70.9) | ||||||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities | $ | 742.3 | $ | 617.8 | ||||||||||
Investing activities | ||||||||||||||
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment | $ | (384.6) | $ | (273.7) | ||||||||||
Cash acquired in Agua Rica integration transaction (Note 6) | — | 222.5 | ||||||||||||
Acquisition of Monarch Gold, net of cash acquired (Note 6) | (44.8) | — | ||||||||||||
Net cash used on acquisition of investments and other assets | (25.0) | — | ||||||||||||
Net proceeds on disposal of investments and other assets | 61.5 | 137.2 | ||||||||||||
Cash used in other investing activities | (6.8) | (34.6) | ||||||||||||
Cash flows (used in) from investing activities | $ | (399.7) | $ | 51.4 | ||||||||||
Financing activities | ||||||||||||||
Dividends paid | $ | (104.1) | $ | (53.0) | ||||||||||
Cash paid on acquisition of own shares (Note 30) | (28.3) | — | ||||||||||||
Interest paid | (47.2) | (54.9) | ||||||||||||
Early note redemption premium (Note 12) | (53.3) | — | ||||||||||||
Repayment of senior notes and credit facility (Note 28) | (719.0) | (256.2) | ||||||||||||
Net proceeds from senior notes and credit facility (Note 28) | 495.2 | 200.0 | ||||||||||||
Payment of lease liabilities | (19.2) | (17.1) | ||||||||||||
Proceeds from issuance of flow-through shares (Note 30) | — | 7.4 | ||||||||||||
Cash contributions from non-controlling interests | 18.6 | 3.4 | ||||||||||||
Cash used in other financing activities | (10.2) | (5.5) | ||||||||||||
Cash flows used in financing activities | $ | (467.5) | $ | (175.9) | ||||||||||
Effect of foreign exchange of non-US Dollar denominated cash and cash equivalents | (1.3) | (0.9) | ||||||||||||
(Decrease) Increase in cash and cash equivalents | $ | (126.2) | $ | 492.4 | ||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | $ | 651.2 | $ | 158.8 | ||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | 525.0 | $ | 651.2 | ||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
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YAMANA GOLD INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
AS AT DECEMBER 31,
(In millions of US Dollars) | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Assets | ||||||||
Current assets: | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents (Note 16) | $ | 525.0 | $ | 651.2 | ||||
Trade and other receivables | 3.0 | 4.2 | ||||||
Inventories (Note 19) | 167.2 | 152.1 | ||||||
Other financial assets (Note 20) | 27.0 | 14.3 | ||||||
Other assets (Note 21) | 113.3 | 96.1 | ||||||
$ | 835.5 | $ | 917.9 | |||||
Non-current assets: | ||||||||
Property, plant and equipment (Note 22) | $ | 6,775.2 | $ | 6,684.8 | ||||
Goodwill and other intangible assets (Note 23) | 391.8 | 396.4 | ||||||
Investments in associates (Note 24) | — | 34.3 | ||||||
Deferred tax assets (Note 14) | 96.2 | 98.1 | ||||||
Other financial assets (Note 20) | 81.0 | 88.7 | ||||||
Other assets (Note 21) | 203.0 | 202.6 | ||||||
Total assets | $ | 8,382.7 | $ | 8,422.8 | ||||
Liabilities | ||||||||
Current liabilities: | ||||||||
Trade and other payables (Note 25) | $ | 274.7 | $ | 240.4 | ||||
Income taxes payable | 37.4 | 45.0 | ||||||
Other financial liabilities (Note 26) | 76.0 | 78.8 | ||||||
Other provisions and liabilities (Note 27) | 57.7 | 77.6 | ||||||
$ | 445.8 | $ | 441.8 | |||||
Non-current liabilities: | ||||||||
Long-term debt (Note 28) | $ | 772.8 | $ | 993.8 | ||||
Environmental rehabilitation provision (Note 29) | 352.9 | 363.5 | ||||||
Deferred tax liabilities (Note 14) | 1,364.2 | 1,229.1 | ||||||
Other financial liabilities (Note 26) | 121.9 | 109.7 | ||||||
Other provisions and liabilities (Note 27) | 121.9 | 112.6 | ||||||
Total liabilities | $ | 3,179.5 | $ | 3,250.5 | ||||
Equity | ||||||||
Share capital (Note 30) | $ | 7,689.9 | $ | 7,648.9 | ||||
Contributed surplus | 24.9 | 22.7 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income | (22.4) | (6.5) | ||||||
Deficit | (3,296.5) | (3,318.8) | ||||||
Attributable to Yamana Gold Inc. equity holders | $ | 4,395.9 | $ | 4,346.3 | ||||
Non-controlling interests (Note 32) | 807.3 | 826.0 | ||||||
Total equity | $ | 5,203.2 | $ | 5,172.3 | ||||
Total liabilities and equity | $ | 8,382.7 | $ | 8,422.8 | ||||
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 35)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements
Approved by the Board
“Peter Marrone” | “Richard Graff” | ||||
PETER MARRONE | RICHARD GRAFF | ||||
Director | Director |
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YAMANA GOLD INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
(In millions of US Dollars) | Share capital | Contributed surplus | Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income | Deficit | Attributable to Yamana Gold Inc. equity holders | Non- controlling interests | Total equity | ||||||||||||||||
As at January 1, 2020 | $ | 7,639.9 | $ | 21.0 | $ | (21.9) | $ | (3,453.8) | $ | 4,185.2 | $ | 34.7 | $ | 4,219.9 | |||||||||
Total comprehensive earnings | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Net earnings | — | — | — | 203.6 | 203.6 | — | 203.6 | ||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive earnings | — | — | 15.9 | — | 15.9 | — | 15.9 | ||||||||||||||||
$ | — | $ | — | $ | 15.9 | $ | 203.6 | $ | 219.5 | $ | — | $ | 219.5 | ||||||||||
Transactions with owners | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Issued on vesting of restricted share units (Note 30) | 3.4 | (3.4) | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Vesting restricted share units | — | 4.2 | — | — | 4.2 | — | 4.2 | ||||||||||||||||
Issued on exercise of share options (Note 30) | 0.9 | (0.2) | — | — | 0.7 | — | 0.7 | ||||||||||||||||
Flow through share issuance, net of issue costs (Note 30) | 5.3 | — | — | — | 5.3 | — | 5.3 | ||||||||||||||||
Non-controlling interests arising on Agua Rica Alumbrera integration (Note 6) | — | — | — | — | — | 787.9 | 787.9 | ||||||||||||||||
Cash contributions from non-controlling interests in MARA | — | — | — | — | — | 3.4 | 3.4 | ||||||||||||||||
Share cancellations and other adjustments (Note 30) | (1.1) | 1.1 | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Dividend reinvestment plan (Note 30) | 0.5 | — | — | — | 0.5 | — | 0.5 | ||||||||||||||||
Dividends (Note 30) | — | — | — | (69.1) | (69.1) | — | (69.1) | ||||||||||||||||
As at December 31, 2020 | $ | 7,648.9 | $ | 22.7 | $ | (6.5) | $ | (3,318.8) | $ | 4,346.3 | $ | 826.0 | $ | 5,172.3 | |||||||||
As at January 1, 2021 | $ | 7,648.9 | $ | 22.7 | $ | (6.5) | $ | (3,318.8) | $ | 4,346.3 | $ | 826.0 | $ | 5,172.3 | |||||||||
Total comprehensive earnings | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Net earnings (loss) | — | — | — | 147.5 | 147.5 | (58.7) | 88.8 | ||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive loss | — | — | (15.9) | — | (15.9) | — | (15.9) | ||||||||||||||||
$ | — | $ | — | $ | (15.9) | $ | 147.5 | $ | 131.6 | $ | (58.7) | $ | 72.9 | ||||||||||
Transactions with owners | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Issued on acquisition of Monarch Gold (Note 6) | 61.2 | — | — | — | 61.2 | — | 61.2 | ||||||||||||||||
Issued on acquisition of exploration properties (Note 6) | 3.1 | — | — | — | 3.1 | — | 3.1 | ||||||||||||||||
Issued on vesting of restricted share units (Note 30) | 4.5 | (4.5) | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Vesting restricted share units | — | 4.9 | — | — | 4.9 | — | 4.9 | ||||||||||||||||
Issued on exercise of warrants | 0.1 | — | — | — | 0.1 | — | 0.1 | ||||||||||||||||
Cash contributions from non-controlling interests in MARA | — | — | — | — | — | 18.6 | 18.6 | ||||||||||||||||
Vesting of Mineros option on La Pepa (Note 6) | — | 2.0 | — | — | 2.0 | — | 2.0 | ||||||||||||||||
Issued on exercise of Mineros option on La Pepa (Note 6) | — | — | — | (16.4) | (16.4) | 21.4 | 5.0 | ||||||||||||||||
Acquisition of own shares, share cancellations and other adjustments (Note 30) | (28.6) | (0.2) | — | — | (28.8) | — | (28.8) | ||||||||||||||||
Dividend reinvestment plan (Note 30) | 0.7 | — | — | — | 0.7 | — | 0.7 | ||||||||||||||||
Dividends (Note 30) | — | — | — | (108.6) | (108.6) | — | (108.6) | ||||||||||||||||
As at December 31, 2021 | $ | 7,689.9 | $ | 24.9 | $ | (22.4) | $ | (3,296.5) | $ | 4,395.9 | $ | 807.3 | $ | 5,203.2 | |||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
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YAMANA GOLD INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
For the Years Ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020
(Tabular amounts in millions of US Dollars, unless otherwise noted)
1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND NATURE OF OPERATIONS
Yamana Gold Inc. is the ultimate parent company of its consolidated group ("Yamana" or "the Company”). The Company, incorporated and domiciled in Canada, is a precious metals producer with significant gold and silver production, development stage properties, and exploration properties and land positions throughout the Americas, including Canada, Brazil, Chile and Argentina. Yamana plans to continue to build on this base through expansion and optimization initiatives at existing operating mines, development of new mines, the advancement of its exploration properties and, at times, by targeting other consolidation opportunities with a primary focus in the Americas.
The Company’s registered office is Royal Bank Plaza, North Tower, Suite 2200 - 200 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5J 2J3. The Company is listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange (Symbol: YRI), the New York Stock Exchange (Symbol: AUY) and the London Stock Exchange (Symbol: AUY).
The Company's principal producing mining properties are comprised of the Canadian Malartic mine in Canada (50% interest); the Jacobina mine in Brazil; the El Peñón and Minera Florida mines in Chile; and the Cerro Moro mine in Argentina. The Company's significant projects include the MARA project in Argentina (56.25% interest), and the Wasamac project in Canada.
2. BASIS OF PREPARATION AND PRESENTATION
These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IFRS”), effective as of December 31, 2021.
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for certain financial assets and liabilities (including derivative instruments) measured at fair value as explained in Note 3. Accounting policies are consistently applied to all years presented, unless otherwise stated.
The functional and presentation currencies of the Company and all its subsidiaries is the United States Dollar ("US Dollar"), and all values herein are rounded to the nearest million except where otherwise indicated. References to ARS, BRL, C$, and CLP are to Argentine Pesos, Brazilian Reais, Canadian Dollars and Chilean Pesos, respectively.
The consolidated financial statements were authorized for issuance by the Board of Directors on February 17, 2022.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic
The Company continues to actively monitor the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, including the impact on economic activity and financial reporting. Throughout the pandemic the Company has taken a number of measures to safeguard the health of its employees and their local communities while continuing to operate safely and responsibly. During 2021, the Company continued to incur standby charges associated with the underutilization of labour and contractors related to delays caused by COVID-19, as well as other incremental directly attributable costs including those associated with community support, the acquisition of additional personal protective equipment, higher transportation costs, and overtime costs resulting from lower headcount levels on site to accommodate social distancing. These costs are included in "Temporary Suspension, standby and other incremental COVID-19 costs" in the consolidated statement of operations.
As the pandemic continues to progress and evolve, it is difficult to predict the full extent and duration of resulting operational and economic impacts for the Company, which are expected to impact a number of reporting periods. This uncertainty impacts judgements made by the Company, including those relating to determining the recoverable values of the Company’s non-current assets as discussed in Note 4.
3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The significant accounting policies used in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements are as follows:
(a) Basis of Consolidation
These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Company. Control exists when the Company has power over an investee, when the Company is exposed, or
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has rights, to variable returns from the investee and when the Company has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the investee. Subsidiaries are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date control is obtained until the date control ceases. Where the Company’s interest in a subsidiary is less than 100%, the Company recognizes non-controlling interests. Intercompany assets and liabilities, equity, income, expenses, and cash flows between the Company and its subsidiaries are eliminated on consolidation.
The principal subsidiaries of the Company and the Company's ownership interest in these subsidiaries are as follows:
Legal Entity | Mine/Project Location | December 31, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | Mining properties and projects owned | ||||||||||
Minera Meridian Ltda. | Chile | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | El Peñón mine | ||||||||
Jacobina Mineração e Comércio Ltda. | Brazil | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | Jacobina mine | ||||||||
Estelar Resources S.A.(i) | Argentina | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | Cerro Moro mine | ||||||||
Minera Florida Ltda. | Chile | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | Minera Florida mine | ||||||||
Minera Agua Rica Alumbrera Ltd. | Argentina | 56.25 | % | 56.25 | % | MARA project | ||||||||
Yamana Gold Quebec Inc.(ii) | Canada | 100.00 | % | See (b) below | Wasamac project | |||||||||
Suyai del Sur S.A.U. | Argentina | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | Suyai project | ||||||||
Agua De La Falda S.A. | Chile | 56.70 | % | 56.70 | % | Jeronimo project |
(i)Refer to discussion at Note 32.
(ii)On January 21, 2021, Yamana completed a transaction with Monarch Gold Corporation ("Monarch Gold") pursuant to which, Yamana acquired the Wasamac property and the Camflo property and mill through the acquisition of all of the outstanding shares of Monarch Gold not owned by Yamana, under a plan of arrangement (the "Arrangement"). In connection with the Arrangement, Monarch Gold completed a spin-out to its shareholders, through newly formed Monarch Mining Corporation ("Monarch Mining") of its other mineral properties and certain other assets and liabilities. Subsequent to the completion of the transaction, Yamana renamed the new subsidiary Yamana Gold Quebec Inc. Refer to Note 6 for further details.
(b) Investments in Associates and Joint Arrangements
These consolidated financial statements also include the following joint arrangement and investments in associates:
Associates and joint arrangements | Location | December 31, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | Classification and accounting method | Mining properties and projects owned | ||||||||||||
Canadian Malartic | Canada | 50.00 | % | 50.00 | % | Joint operation, consolidate Yamana's share | Canadian Malartic mine | ||||||||||
Nomad Royalty Company(i) | Canada | 7.72 | % | 7.75 | % | Associate, equity method (now financial asset at FVOCI) | Portfolio of royalty interests | ||||||||||
Monarch Gold Corporation(ii) | Canada | See (a) above | 6.92 | % | Associate, equity method (now subsidiary, see above) | Wasamac project and other exploration properties located in Quebec |
(i) During the second quarter of 2021, Yamana concluded that it ceased to have significant influence over its investee, Nomad Royalty Company ("Nomad"), due to no longer having representation on Nomad's board of directors, and therefore, discontinued accounting for the investment using the equity method. The investment is now accounted for as a financial asset at FVOCI. Refer to Note 6 for further details.
(ii) Upon completion of the Monarch Gold plan of arrangement, Monarch Gold became a subsidiary of the Company, and therefore, the Company discontinued accounting for the investment using the equity method. Refer to discussion on the Monarch Gold transaction under (a) above.
A joint arrangement is an arrangement in which two or more parties have joint control. Joint control is the contractually agreed sharing of control of an arrangement, which exists only when decisions about the relevant activities require unanimous consent of the parties sharing the control. A joint operation is classified as either a joint operation or a joint venture, subject to the terms that govern each investor's rights and obligations in the arrangement. A joint operation is a joint arrangement whereby the parties have joint control of the arrangement and have rights to the assets and obligations for the liabilities relating to the arrangement. For a joint operation, the Company recognizes its share of the assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses of the joint arrangement. The Company's 50% interest in each of Canadian Malartic Corporation and Canadian Malartic GP, the general partnership that holds the Canadian Malartic mine located in Quebec (collectively "Canadian Malartic"), has been accounted for as a joint operation.
An associate is an entity over which the Company has significant influence. Significant influence is the power to participate in the financial and operating policy decisions of the investee but is not control or joint control over those decisions. The Company is presumed to have significant influence if it holds, directly or indirectly, 20% or more of the voting power of the investee, unless it can be clearly demonstrated that the Company does not have significant influence.
The Company accounts for its investment in associate using the equity method. Under the equity method, the Company’s investment in associate is initially recognized at cost and subsequently increased or decreased to recognize the Company's share of net earnings/loss and other comprehensive earnings/loss of the associate, after any adjustments necessary to give effect to uniform accounting policies, any other movement in the associate's reserves, and for impairment losses after the initial
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recognition date. The total carrying amount of the Company's investment in associate also includes any long-term debt interests which, in substance, form part of the Company's net investment. The Company’s share of the associate's losses that are in excess of its investment are recognized only to the extent that the Company has incurred legal or constructive obligations or made payments on behalf of the associate. The Company's share of earnings or losses of its associate are recognized in net earnings during the period. Dividends and repayment of capital received from the associate are accounted for as a reduction in the carrying amount of the Company’s investment. Unrealized gains and losses between the Company and its associate are recognized only to the extent of unrelated investors’ interests in the associate. Intercompany balances and interest expense and income arising on loans and borrowings between the Company and its associate are not eliminated.
At the end of each reporting period, the Company assesses whether there is any objective evidence that an investment in an associate is impaired. Objective evidence includes observable data indicating there is a measurable decrease in the estimated future cash flows of the investee’s operations. When there is objective evidence that an investment is impaired, the carrying amount of such investment is compared to its recoverable amount, being the higher of its fair value less costs of disposal ("FVLCD") and value-in-use ("VIU"). If the recoverable amount of an investment is less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount is reduced to its recoverable amount and an impairment loss, being the excess of carrying amount over the recoverable amount, is recognized in the period in which the relevant circumstances are identified. When an impairment loss reverses in a subsequent period, the carrying amount of the investment is increased to the revised estimate of recoverable amount to the extent that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had an impairment loss not been previously recognized. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognized in net earnings/loss in the period in which the reversal occurs.
(c) Foreign Currency Translation
The functional and presentation currency of the Company and each of its subsidiaries, associates and joint operation is the US Dollar. In preparing the financial statements of the individual companies, transactions in currencies other than the Company’s functional currency ("foreign currencies") are recognized at the rates of exchange prevailing on the dates of the transactions. At each reporting date, monetary assets and liabilities that are denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at that date. Non-monetary items carried at fair value that are denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the rates prevailing at the date when the fair value was determined. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are not retranslated. Income statement items denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the average exchange rates prevailing during the year, with the exception of depletion, depreciation and amortization which is translated at historical exchange rates. Foreign exchange gains and losses are included in net earnings/loss. Foreign exchange gains and losses related to income taxes, if any, are reported within the income tax expense line in the Company's consolidated statement of operations.
(d) Business Combinations
Acquisitions of businesses are accounted for using the acquisition method. The consideration transferred in a business combination is measured at fair value, which is calculated as the sum of the acquisition-date fair values of assets transferred by the Company, liabilities incurred by the Company to the former owners of the acquiree and the equity interest issued by the Company in exchange for control of the acquiree. Acquisition-related costs are recognized in profit or loss as incurred.
At the acquisition date, the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed are recognized at their fair value at the acquisition date.
Goodwill is measured as the excess of the sum of the consideration transferred, the amount of any non-controlling interests in the acquiree, and the fair value of the acquirer's previously held equity interest in the acquiree (if any) over the net of the acquisition-date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. If, after reassessment, the net of the acquisition-date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed exceeds the sum of the consideration transferred, the amount of any non-controlling interests in the acquiree and the fair value of the acquirer’s previously held interest in the acquiree (if any), the excess is recognized immediately in profit or loss as a bargain purchase gain.
When the consideration transferred by the Company in a business combination includes contingent consideration arrangement, the contingent consideration is measured at its acquisition-date fair value and included as part of the consideration transferred in a business combination. Changes in fair value of the contingent consideration that qualify as measurement period adjustments are adjusted retrospectively, with corresponding adjustments against goodwill. Measurement period adjustments are adjustments that arise from additional information obtained during the ‘measurement period’ (which cannot exceed one year from the acquisition date) about facts and circumstances that existed at the acquisition date.
The subsequent accounting for changes in the fair value of the contingent consideration that do not qualify as measurement period adjustments depends on how the contingent consideration is classified. Contingent consideration that is classified as equity is not remeasured at subsequent reporting dates and its subsequent settlement is accounted for within equity. Other contingent consideration is remeasured to fair value at subsequent reporting dates with changes in fair value recognized in earnings.
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If the initial accounting for a business combination is incomplete by the end of the reporting period in which the combination occurs, the Company reports provisional amounts for the items for which the accounting is incomplete. Those provisional amounts are adjusted during the measurement period (see above), or additional assets or liabilities are recognized, to reflect new information obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date that, if known, would have affected the amounts recognized as of that date.
(e) Goodwill
Goodwill is initially recognized and measured as set out above.
Goodwill is not amortized but is reviewed for impairment at least annually. For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill is allocated to each of the Company’s cash-generating units ("CGUs") expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination. CGUs to which goodwill has been allocated are tested for impairment annually, or more frequently when there is an indication that the unit may be impaired. If the recoverable amount of the CGU is less than the carrying amount of the unit, the impairment loss is allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the unit and then to the other assets of the unit pro-rata on the basis of the carrying amount of each asset in the unit. An impairment loss recognized for goodwill is not reversed in a subsequent period. On disposal of a CGU, the attributable amount of goodwill is included in the determination of the gain or loss on disposal.
(f) Impairment and Reversal of Impairment of Non-Current Assets
At each reporting date, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of its mining properties and plant and equipment at the CGU level to determine whether there is any indication that these assets may be impaired. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the relevant CGU is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any). A CGU is the smallest identifiable group of assets that generates cash inflows that are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets. The Company's CGUs are its significant mine sites and significant development projects. In certain circumstances, where the recoverable amount of an individual asset can be determined, impairment is performed at the individual asset level.
The recoverable amount of a mine site is the greater of its fair value less costs of disposal ("FVLCD") and value in use ("VIU"). In the absence of market related comparative information, FVLCD is estimated as the discounted future after-tax cash flows expected to be derived from a mine site, less an amount for costs to sell estimated based on similar past transactions. When discounting estimated future after-tax cash flows, the Company uses its after-tax weighted average cost of capital. Estimated cash flows are based on expected future production, metal selling prices, operating costs and capital expenditures. If the recoverable amount of a mine site is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount is reduced to its recoverable amount. The carrying amount of each mine site includes the carrying amounts of mining properties, plant and equipment, goodwill (if applicable) and related deferred income tax balances, net of the mine site environmental rehabilitation provision. In addition, the carrying amounts of the Company’s corporate assets are allocated to the relevant mine sites for impairment purposes. Impairment losses are recognized in the statement of operations in the period in which they are incurred. The allocation of an impairment loss, if any, for a particular mine site to its mining properties and plant and equipment is based on the relative carrying amounts of those assets at the date of impairment.
At each reporting date an assessment is made to determine whether there is an indication that previously recognized impairment losses may no longer exist or may have decreased. A previously recognized impairment loss is reversed only if there has been a change in the assumptions used to determine the CGU’s recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognized. This reversal is recognized in the consolidated statements of operations and is limited to the carrying value that would have been determined, net of any depreciation, depletion and amortization where applicable, had no impairment charge been recognized in prior years. When an impairment reversal is undertaken, the recoverable amount is assessed by reference to the higher of VIU and FVLCD.
(g) Assets and Liabilities Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations
Non-current assets and disposal groups are classified as held for sale if their carrying value will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use. The criteria for held for sale classification is regarded as met only when the sale is highly probable and the asset or disposal group is available for immediate sale in its present condition. Actions required to complete the sale should indicate that it is unlikely that significant changes to the sale will be made or that the decision to sell will be withdrawn. Management must be committed to the plan to sell the asset or disposal group and the sale expected to be completed within one year from the date of the classification.
Non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell ("FVLCS"). If the FVLCS is lower than the carrying amount, an impairment loss is recognized in the consolidated statement of operations. Costs to sell are the incremental costs directly attributable to the disposal of an asset or disposal group, excluding finance costs and income tax expense. Non-current assets are not depreciated or amortized once classified as held for sale. Assets and liabilities classified as held for sale are presented separately as current items in the Company's consolidated balance sheet.
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A disposal group qualifies as a discontinued operation if it is a component of the Company that either has been disposed of, or is classified as held for sale, and: (i) represents a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations; (ii) is part of a single coordinated plan to dispose of a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations; or (iii) is a subsidiary acquired exclusively with a view to resale. A component of the Company comprises an operation and cash flows that can be clearly distinguished, operationally and for financial reporting purposes, from the rest of the Company.
Discontinued operations are excluded from the results of continuing operations and are presented as a single amount as profit or loss after tax from discontinued operations in the consolidated statement of operations.
(h) Revenue Recognition
Gold and Silver
The Company sells gold and silver in bullion and doré form to customers, which are all major financial institutions.
Revenue is recognized when control of the gold or silver has transferred to the customer. For bullion sales, this is typically at the point in time when the bullion has been pledged to the customer in writing, which is often at the time it is credited to the metal account of the customer. For doré sales, this is typically at the point in time when the customer has received all required confirmations from the Company, which is at the time the doré is shipped from the mine. Following gold or silver being pledged to a customer or the shipment of doré, the customer has the ability to direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from, the metal.
Revenue is measured at the transaction price agreed under the contract and excludes any amounts collected on behalf of third parties. Payment of the transaction price is due immediately when the metal is transferred to the customer. A receivable is recognized when the metal is transferred to the customer, as this is the point in time that the consideration is unconditional because only the passage of time is required before the payment is due.
Streaming Arrangements
From time to time, the Company enters into arrangements with customers pursuant to which, the Company receives consideration in advance of the delivery of metals.
Under streaming arrangements, the Company receives advanced consideration against the delivery of a portion of future metal production referenced to the mine(s) of the Company specified in the contract. In addition to the advanced consideration, the Company may also receive a cash payment as metals are delivered to the customer.
The Company recognizes the advanced consideration as deferred revenue and recognizes the amounts in revenue as it satisfies its performance obligations to deliver metal to the customer over the life of the contract. In contracts for the delivery of gold or silver bullion, this is typically at the point in time when the metal is credited to the metal account of the customer. Following the crediting of gold or silver to a customer’s metal account, the customer has legal title to, physical possession of, and the risks and rewards of ownership of the metal, and therefore, the ability to direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from, the metal.
The Company determines the amortization of deferred revenue to the consolidated statement of operations on a per unit basis. In streaming arrangements, the estimated total quantity of metal expected to be delivered to the customer over the term of the contract is used. Subsequent changes to expected deliveries result in an adjustment to revenue in the year of change to retroactively adjust for the new number of ounces expected to be delivered under the contract.
Where consideration is received in advance of the Company’s performance of its obligation, there is an inherent financing component in the transaction. When the period between receipt of consideration and revenue recognition is greater than one year, the Company determines whether the financing component is significant to the contract.
Where a contract is determined to have a significant financing component, the transaction price is adjusted to reflect the financing. The discount rate used in adjusting the promised amount of consideration is the rate that would be reflected in a separate financing transaction between the Company and the customer at contract inception. This rate is not subsequently adjusted for any other changes over the contract term.
The accretion of the interest expense is recognized in the finance expense line in the consolidated statement of operations, unless capitalized to assets under construction in accordance with the Company’s policy on capitalized borrowing costs.
The Company estimates the current portion of deferred revenue based on quantities anticipated to be delivered over the next twelve months.
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Other Income
Other income arising from the use by others of the Company's assets yielding interest, royalties and dividends are recognized when it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the Company and the amount of the income can be measured reliably, on the following bases:
•Interest is recognized using the effective interest method.
•Royalties are recognized on an accrual basis in accordance with the substance of the agreement.
•Dividends are recognized when the shareholder's right to receive payment is established.
(i) Leases
Identifying a Lease
At inception of a contract, the Company assesses whether a contract is, or contains, a lease. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. To assess whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, the Company assesses whether:
•the contract involves the use of an identified asset - this may be specified explicitly or implicitly, and should be physically distinct or represent substantially all of the capacity of a physically distinct asset. If the supplier has a substantive substitution right, then the asset is not identified;
•the Company has the right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the asset throughout the period of use; and
•the Company has the right to direct the use of the asset. The Company has this right when it has the decision-making rights that are most relevant to changing how and for what purpose the asset is used. In rare cases where all the decisions about how and for what purpose the asset is used are predetermined, the Company has the right to direct the use of the asset if either:
◦the Company has the right to operate the asset; or
◦the Company has designed the asset in a way that predetermines how and for what purpose it will be used.
At inception or on reassessment of a contract that contains a lease component, the Company allocates the consideration in the contract to each lease component on the basis of their relative stand-alone prices. However, for the leases of real estate, in which it is a lessee, the Company has elected not to separate non-lease components and account for the lease and non-lease components as a single lease component.
The Company as a Lessee
The Company recognizes a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date. The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives received.
The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date to the earlier of the end of the useful life of the right-of-use asset or the end of the lease term. The estimated useful lives of right-of-use assets are determined on the same basis as those of property and equipment. In addition, the right-of-use asset is periodically reduced by impairment losses, if any, and adjusted for certain remeasurements of the lease liability.
The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if that rate cannot be readily determined, the Company's incremental borrowing rate. Generally, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate as the discount rate.
Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability comprise:
•fixed payments, including in-substance fixed payments;
•variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate, initially measured using the index or rate as at the commencement date;
•amounts expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee; and
•the exercise price under a purchase option that the Company is reasonably certain to exercise, lease payments in an optional renewal period if the Company is reasonably certain to exercise an extension option, and penalties for early termination of a lease unless the Company is reasonably certain not to terminate early.
The lease liability is measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. It is remeasured when there is a change in future lease payments arising from a change in an index or rate, if there is a change in the Company's estimate of the amount expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee or if the Company changes its assessment of whether it will exercise a purchase, extension or termination option.
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When the lease liability is remeasured in this way, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset, or is recorded in profit or loss if the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset has been reduced to zero.
The Company presents right-of-use assets in 'property, plant and equipment' and lease liabilities in 'other financial liabilities' in the consolidated balance sheet.
The Company has elected not to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less and leases of low-value assets, such as certain IT equipment. The Company recognizes the lease payments associated with these leases as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
(j) Financial Instruments
Classification and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities
i) Financial Assets
On initial recognition, a financial asset is classified as measured at: amortized cost, FVOCI, or FVTPL. The classification of financial assets is generally based on the business model in which a financial asset is managed and its contractual cash flow characteristics. Derivatives embedded in contracts where the host is a financial asset in the scope of the standard are never separated. Instead, the hybrid financial instrument as a whole is assessed for classification.
A financial asset is measured at amortized cost if it meets both of the following conditions and is not designated as at FVTPL:
•it is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets to collect contractual cash flows; and
•its contractual terms give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
A debt investment is measured at FVOCI if it meets both of the following conditions and is not designated as at FVTPL:
•it is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets; and
•its contractual terms give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
On initial recognition of an equity investment that is not held for trading, the Company may irrevocably elect to present subsequent changes in the investment’s fair value in OCI. This election is made on an investment-by-investment basis.
All financial assets not classified as measured at amortized cost or FVOCI as described above are measured at FVTPL. This includes all derivative financial assets. On initial recognition, the Company may irrevocably designate a financial asset that otherwise meets the requirements to be measured at amortized cost or at FVOCI as at FVTPL if doing so eliminates or significantly reduces an accounting mismatch that would otherwise arise.
A financial asset (unless it is a trade receivable without a significant financing component that is initially measured at the transaction price) is initially measured at fair value plus, for an item not at FVTPL, transaction costs that are directly attributable to its acquisition.
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The following accounting policies apply to the subsequent measurement of financial assets:
Financial assets at amortized cost | These assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. The amortized cost is reduced by impairment losses. Interest income, foreign exchange gains and losses and impairment are recognized in profit or loss. Any gain or loss on derecognition is recognized in profit or loss. | ||||
Financial assets at FVTPL | These assets are subsequently measured at fair value. Net gains and losses, including any interest or dividend income, are recognized in profit or loss. Refer below for derivatives designated as hedging instruments. | ||||
Equity investments at FVOCI | These assets are subsequently measured at fair value. Dividends are recognized as income in profit or loss unless the dividend clearly represents a recovery of part of the cost of the investment. Other net gains and losses are recognized in OCI and are never reclassified to profit or loss. | ||||
Debt investments at FVOCI | These assets are subsequently measured at fair value. Interest income calculated using the effective interest method, foreign exchange gains and losses and impairment are recognized in profit or loss. Other net gains and losses are recognized in OCI. On derecognition, gains and losses accumulated in OCI are reclassified to profit or loss. |
ii) Financial Liabilities
Financial liabilities are classified as measured at amortized cost or FVTPL. A financial liability is classified as at FVTPL if it is classified as held-for-trading, it is a derivative or it is designated as such on initial recognition. Financial liabilities at FVTPL are measured at fair value and net gains and losses, including any interest expense, are recognized in profit or loss. Other financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. Interest expense and foreign exchange gains and losses are recognized in profit or loss. Any gain or loss on derecognition is also recognized in profit or loss. See below for financial liabilities designated as hedging instruments.
Impairment
Non-Derivative Financial Assets
The Company recognizes a loss allowance for expected credit losses on financial assets that are measured at amortized cost. At each reporting date, the Company measures the loss allowance for the financial asset at an amount equal to the lifetime expected credit losses if the credit risk on the financial asset has increased significantly since initial recognition. If at the reporting date, the credit risk on the financial asset has not increased significantly since initial recognition, the Company measures the loss allowance for the financial asset at an amount equal to twelve month expected credit losses. Impairment losses on financial assets carried at amortized cost are reversed in subsequent periods if the financial asset is no longer credit-impaired and the improvement can be related objectively to an event occurring after the impairment was recognized (such as an improvement in the counterparty's credit rating).
For trade receivables that are classified as financial assets at amortized cost, the Company applies the simplified approach permitted by IFRS 9, which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognized from initial recognition of the receivables.
Derivative Instruments and Hedge Accounting
The Company uses derivative financial instruments to hedge its exposure to exchange rate fluctuations on foreign currency operating expenses and capital expenditures.
The Company formally documents all relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as its risk management objectives and strategies for undertaking hedge transactions. This process includes linking all derivative hedging instruments to forecasted transactions. Hedge effectiveness is assessed based on the degree to which the cash flows from the derivative contracts are expected to offset the cash flows of the underlying transaction being hedged.
When a derivative is designated as a cash flow hedging instrument, the effective portion of changes in fair value is recognized in other comprehensive income, net of tax. For hedged items other than the purchase of non-financial assets, the amounts accumulated in other comprehensive income are reclassified to the consolidated statements of operations when the underlying hedged transaction, identified at contract inception, affects profit or loss. When hedging a forecasted transaction that results in the recognition of a non-financial asset or a non-financial liability, the gains and losses previously deferred in equity are transferred from equity and included in the measurement of the initial carrying amount of the asset or liability.
Any ineffective portion of a hedge relationship is recognized immediately in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company has elected to exclude the time value component of options and the forward element of forward contracts from the
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hedging relationships, with changes in these amounts recorded in other comprehensive income and treated as a cost of hedging. For hedged items other than the purchase of non-financial assets, the cost of hedging amounts is reclassified to the consolidated statements of operations when the underlying hedged transaction affects profit or loss. When hedging a forecasted transaction that results in the recognition of a non-financial asset, the cost of hedging is added to the carrying amount of the non-financial asset.
When derivative contracts designated as cash flow hedges are terminated, expired, sold or no longer qualify for hedge accounting, hedge accounting is discontinued prospectively. Any amounts recorded in other comprehensive income up until the time the contracts do not qualify for hedge accounting remain in other comprehensive income. Amounts recognized in other comprehensive income are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations in the period in which the underlying hedged transaction is completed. Gains or losses arising subsequent to the derivative contracts not qualifying for hedge accounting are recognized in the period incurred in the consolidated statements of operations.
If the forecasted transaction is no longer expected to occur, then the amounts accumulated in other comprehensive income are reclassified to the consolidated statement of operations immediately.
(k) Share-Based Payments
The fair value of the estimated number of share options and restricted share units ("RSUs") awarded to employees, officers and directors that will eventually vest, determined as of the date of grant, is recognized as share-based compensation expense within General and Administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations over the vesting period of the share options and RSUs, with a corresponding increase to equity. The fair value of share options is determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with market related inputs as of the date of grant. The fair value of RSUs is the market value of the underlying shares as of the date of grant. Share options and RSUs with graded vesting schedules are accounted for as separate grants with different vesting periods and fair values. Changes to the estimated number of awards that will eventually vest are accounted for prospectively. The Company's share option plan includes a share appreciation feature. If and when the share options are ultimately exercised, the applicable amount in the equity reserve is transferred to share capital.
Performance share units ("PSUs") and deferred share units ("DSUs") are settled in cash. PSUs are recognized as share-based compensation expense within general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statement of operations ("G&A") over the vesting period, which includes the remeasurement of those PSUs that have partially vested. DSUs are recognized as share-based compensation expense within G&A on the date of grant, as these instruments vest immediately. Mark to market adjustments on DSUs subsequent to vesting are recognized as share-based compensation in other operating expenses.
Transactions entered into with third parties whereby the Company issues shares of the parent or of a subsidiary in exchange for goods or services received, are accounted for as share-based payment transactions. The Company recognizes the goods or services received when it obtains the goods or as the services are received, and recognizes a corresponding increase in equity. The Company measures the goods or services received at the fair value of the goods or services received, unless that fair value cannot be estimated reliably.
(l) Income Taxes
Income tax expense or recovery comprises of current and deferred tax. Income tax expense or recovery is recognized in the consolidated statements of operations except to the extent it relates to items recognized directly in equity or in OCI, in which case the related taxes are recognized in equity or OCI.
Current income tax is the expected tax payable or receivable on the taxable income or loss for the year, which may differ from earnings reported in the consolidated statements of operations due to items of income or expenses that are not currently taxable or deductible for tax purposes, using tax rates substantively enacted at the reporting date, penalties and interest on income taxes, and any adjustment to tax payable in respect of previous years.
Deferred income tax is recognized based on the balance sheet method in respect of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. Deferred tax is not recognized for the following temporary differences:
•Goodwill or the initial recognition of assets or liabilities in a transaction that is not a business combination and that affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss, and
•Investments in subsidiaries and jointly controlled entities to the extent they can be controlled and that it is probable that they will not reverse in the foreseeable future.
Deferred income tax is recognized on the movement in foreign exchange rates on non-monetary assets denominated in foreign currencies. Foreign exchange gains or losses relating to deferred income taxes are included in the deferred income tax expense in the consolidated statements of operations.
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Deferred tax is measured at the tax rates that are expected to be applied to temporary differences when they reverse, based on the laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset if there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax liabilities and assets, and they relate to income taxes levied by the same tax authority on the same taxable entity, or on different tax entities, but they intend to settle current tax liabilities and assets on a net basis or their tax assets and liabilities will be realized simultaneously.
A deferred tax asset is recognized for unused tax losses, tax credits and deductible temporary differences, to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which they can be utilized. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and are reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realized.
(m) Inventories
Metal inventories - ore in stockpiles (ore extracted from the mine and available for further processing), work in process (metal in the processing circuit that has not completed the production process), and product inventories (metal in saleable form) are measured at the lower of the cost of production and net realizable value. Cost is determined on a weighted average basis and includes all costs incurred, based on a normal production capacity, in bringing each product to its present location and condition. Cost of inventories comprises direct labor, materials and contractor expenses, including non-capitalized stripping costs; depreciation, depletion and amortization including capitalized stripping costs; and an allocation of general and administrative costs. Costs are added to ore in stockpiles at the current mining cost per tonne. As ore is removed for processing, costs are removed based on the accumulated average cost per tonne. Net realizable value is calculated as the estimated selling price at the time of sale based on prevailing and long-term metal prices, less estimated future costs to convert the inventories into saleable form and estimated costs to sell.
Ore in stockpiles not expected to be processed in the next twelve months is classified as long-term.
Materials and supplies include consumables and other raw materials yet to be used in the production process, as well as spare parts and other maintenance supplies that are not classified as capital items, and are valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Provisions are recorded to reduce materials and supplies to net realizable value, which is generally calculated by reference to its salvage or scrap value, when it is determined that the materials or supplies are obsolete. Provisions are reversed to reflect subsequent recoveries in net realizable value where the inventory is still on hand.
Write downs of inventory and reversals of write downs are reported as a component of current period costs.
(n) Property, Plant and Equipment
Land, Building, Plant and Equipment
Land, building, plant and equipment are recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses. The cost is comprised of the asset's purchase price, any costs directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management and the estimated environmental rehabilitation costs associated with the asset.
The depreciable amount of building, plant and equipment is amortized according to either the units of production method or on a straight-line basis, to the residual value of the asset over the lesser of mine life or estimated useful life of the asset. Each part of an item of building, plant and equipment with a cost that is significant in relation to the total cost of the item is depreciated separately if its useful life differs. Useful lives of building, plant and equipment items range from two to thirty years, but do not exceed the related estimated mine life based on proven and probable mineral reserves and the portion of mineral resources that management expects to become mineral reserves in the future and be economically extracted.
Depreciation Method | Useful Life | |||||||
Building | Straight Line | 4 to 30 years | ||||||
Machinery and equipment | Straight Line | 2 to 7 years | ||||||
Vehicles | Straight Line | 3 to 5 years | ||||||
Furniture and office equipment | Straight Line | 2 to 10 years | ||||||
Computer equipment and software | Straight Line | 3 to 5 years | ||||||
Land | Not depreciated | N/A |
The Company reviews the useful life, depreciation method, residual value and carrying value of its building, plant and equipment at least annually. Where the carrying value is estimated to exceed the estimated recoverable amount, which is the higher of the asset's fair value less costs of disposal or value in use, a provision for impairment is measured and recorded.
Expenditures that extend the useful lives of existing facilities or equipment are capitalized and depreciated over the remaining useful lives of the assets or useful life of the component (e.g. major overhaul) of an asset. Repairs and maintenance expenditures are expensed as incurred.
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Exploration and Evaluation Assets, and Depletable Producing Properties
The Company's tangible exploration and evaluation assets are comprised of mineral resources and exploration potential. The value associated with mineral resources and exploration potential is the value beyond proven and probable mineral reserves.
Exploration and evaluation assets acquired as part of an asset acquisition or a business combination are recorded as tangible exploration and evaluation assets and are capitalized at cost, which represents the fair value of the assets at the time of acquisition determined by estimating the fair value of the property's mineral reserves, mineral resources and exploration potential at such time.
The value of such assets when acquired is primarily a function of the nature and amount of mineralized materials contained in such properties. Exploration and evaluation stage mineral interests represent interests in properties that potentially contain mineralized material consisting of measured, indicated and inferred mineral resources; other mine exploration potential such as inferred mineral resources not immediately adjacent to existing mineral reserves but located around and near mine or project areas; other mine-related exploration potential that is not part of measured, indicated and inferred mineral resources; and any acquired right to explore and develop a potential mineral deposit.
Expenditures incurred before the Company has obtained legal rights to explore a specific area of interest are expensed. Costs incurred for general exploration that are either not-project-specific or do not result in the acquisition of mineral properties are considered greenfield expenditures and charged to expense. Brownfield expenditures, which typically occur in areas surrounding known deposits and/or re-exploring older mines using new technologies to determine if greater mineral reserves and mineral resources exist, are capitalized. Brownfield activities are focused on the discovery of mineral reserves and mineral resources close to existing operations, including around mine or near-mine, mineral reserve and mineral resource extension and infill drilling.
Exploration expenditures include the costs incurred in either the initial exploration for mineral deposits with economic potential or in the process of obtaining more information about existing mineral deposits.
Evaluation expenditures include the costs incurred to establish the technical feasibility and commercial viability of developing mineral deposits identified through exploration activities or by acquisition. Evaluation expenditures include the cost of:
•Acquiring the rights to explore;
•Establishing the volume and grade of deposits through drilling of core samples, trenching and sampling activities in an ore body that is classified as either a mineral resource or a proven and probable mineral reserve;
•Determining the optimal methods of extraction and metallurgical and treatment processes;
•Studies related to surveying, transportation and infrastructure requirements;
•Permitting activities; and
•Economic evaluations to determine whether development of the mineralized material is commercially justified, including scoping, pre-feasibility and final feasibility studies.
The values assigned to the tangible exploration and evaluation assets (which may include acquired plant and equipment) are carried at acquired costs until such time as the technical feasibility and commercial viability of extracting mineral resource from the assets is demonstrated, which occurs when the activities are designated as a development project and advancement of the project is considered economically feasible. At that time, the property and the related costs are reclassified as part of the development costs of a producing property not yet subject to depletion, and remain capitalized. Assessment for impairment is conducted before reclassification.
Depletion commences once a property has reached commercial production. Depletion of mining properties and development costs are calculated and recorded on a units of production basis over the estimated tonnage or recoverable ounces of proven and probable mineral reserves of the mine, and the portion of mineral resources expected to be classified as mineral reserves and economically extracted, which may include mineral resources in each of the measured, indicated and/or inferred mineral resources categories.
The Company assesses and tests its exploration and evaluation assets and mining properties for impairment, and subsequent reversal of impairment, at least annually or when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the related carrying amounts may not be recoverable or that an impairment may be reversed. Costs related to areas of interest abandoned are written off when the decision of abandonment is made. Refer to (f) Impairment and Reversal of Impairment of Non-Current Assets for details of the policy. An impairment assessment of the exploration and evaluation assets is conducted before the reclassification or transfer of exploration and evaluation assets to depletable producing properties.
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Stripping Costs
In open pit mining operations, it is necessary to remove overburden and other waste materials in order to access ore from which minerals can be extracted economically. The process of mining overburden and waste materials is referred to as stripping.
Stripping costs incurred in order to provide initial access to the ore body (referred to as pre-production stripping) are capitalized as open pit mine development costs.
During the production phase of a mine, stripping is generally considered to create two distinct benefits: (i) the production of inventory and (ii) improved access to ore that is expected to be mined in the future. Where the benefits are realized in the form of inventory produced in the period, the stripping costs are accounted for as part of the cost of producing those inventories. Where the benefits are realized in the form of improved access to ore to be mined in the future, the costs are recognized as a non-current asset, referred to as a “stripping activity asset,” if the following criteria are met: (a) future economic benefits (that is, improved access to the ore body for future extraction) are probable; (b) the component of the ore body for which access will be improved can be accurately identified; and (c) the costs associated with the improved access can be reliably measured. If any of these criteria are not met, the production stripping costs are charged to profit or loss as operating costs as they are incurred.
The stripping activity asset is initially measured at cost, which is the accumulation of costs directly incurred to perform the stripping activity that improves access to the identified component of ore, plus an allocation of directly attributable overhead costs. If incidental operations occur at the same time as the production stripping activity, but are not necessary for the production stripping activity to continue as planned, these costs are not included in the cost of the stripping activity asset. If the costs of the inventory produced and the stripping activity asset are not separately identifiable, a production measure is used to allocate the production stripping costs between the inventory produced and the stripping activity asset. This production measure is calculated for the identified component of the ore body, which is based on the specific development phases determined when designing the development plan for the pit. This measure is then used as a benchmark to identify the extent to which the stripping activities have created a future benefit. The Company uses the expected volume of waste extracted for a volume of ore production compared with the actual volume extracted for such volume of ore production to calculate each component. The stripping activity asset is then accounted for as an addition to, or an enhancement of, the applicable mine asset, and is presented as part of “Mining properties” in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.
Assets Under Construction
Assets under construction are capitalized as 'Construction in Progress' until the asset is capable of operating at levels intended by management. Costs incurred prior to this point, including depreciation of related plant and equipment, are capitalized and proceeds from sales during this period are offset against costs capitalized. Borrowing costs, including interest, associated with projects that are actively being prepared for production are capitalized to Construction in Progress. These costs are elements of the historical cost of acquiring an asset when a period of time is required to bring it to the condition and location necessary for its intended use. The borrowing costs eligible for capitalization are determined by applying a capitalization rate, which is the weighted average of the borrowing costs applicable to the borrowings of the Company that are outstanding during the period, to the expenditures on the asset. Capitalized interest costs are amortized on the same basis as the related qualifying asset.
(o) Environmental Rehabilitation and Other Provisions
A provision is recognized if, as a result of a past event, the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation that can be estimated reliably, and it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation. Where the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability that have not been reflected in the estimate of the expenditure. The unwinding of the discount is recognized as a finance expense.
Environmental rehabilitation obligations are a type of provision associated with the retirement of a long-lived asset that the Company has acquired, constructed, developed and/or used in operations. These include the dismantling and demolition of infrastructure and the removal of residual materials and remediation of disturbed areas. These estimated obligations are provided for in the accounting period when the related disturbance occurs, whether during the mine development or production phases at the present value of estimated future costs to settle the obligations, or when a constructive obligation arises. The costs are estimated based on the Company’s mine closure plan. The cost estimates are updated annually during the life of the operation to reflect known developments, (e.g. revisions to cost estimates and to the estimated lives of operations, or changes in legal or regulatory requirements), and are subject to review at regular intervals.
Environmental rehabilitation provisions are initially recorded with a corresponding increase to the carrying amounts of property, plant and equipment, with any subsequent changes to the liability accounted for as changes in the carrying amounts of the related property, plant and equipment. The capitalized costs are amortized over the life of the mine on a unit-of-production basis.
(p) Intangible Assets
Intangible assets acquired by way of an asset acquisition or business combination are recognized if the asset is separable or arises from contractual or legal rights and the fair value can be measured reliably on initial recognition. Intangible assets must be
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identifiable, controlled by the Company and with future economic benefits expected to flow from the assets. Intangible assets that are acquired by the Company and have finite useful lives are measured at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses. Intangible assets with finite useful lives are amortized on a straight-line basis over the lesser of mine life or estimated useful life of the intangible asset. The Company reviews the useful life, amortization method and carrying value on a regular basis.
(q) Flow-Through Shares
Under Canadian income tax legislation, a company is permitted to issue flow-through shares whereby the company agrees to incur qualifying expenditures and renounce the related income tax deductions to the investors. The Company allocates the proceeds from the issuance of these shares between the offering of shares and the sale of tax benefits. The allocation is made based on the difference between the quoted price of the shares and the amount the investors pay for the shares, with a deferred flow-through premium liability recognized for the difference. The liability is reversed and a tax provision recognized upon filing of the appropriate renunciation forms with the Canadian taxation authorities for qualifying expenditures previously incurred. The spending also gives rise to a deferred tax temporary difference between the carrying value and tax value of the qualifying expenditure.
(r) Asset acquisitions
Upon the acquisition of an asset or a group of assets and liabilities that does not constitute a business, the Company identifies and recognizes the individual identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The cost of the group is allocated to the individual identifiable assets and liabilities on the basis of their relative fair values at the date of purchase. Such a transaction or event does not give rise to goodwill.
When the acquisition of an asset or a group of assets and liabilities is achieved in stages, the Company’s previously held interests in the acquired assets and liabilities are not remeasured to their acquisition-date fair values and instead, continue to be measured at their carrying values.
When the Company acquires a controlling, but less than 100% interest in an entity that does not constitute a business, and the transaction is therefore, accounted for as the acquisition of an asset or group of assets and liabilities, the Company consolidates the entity and recognizes a non-controlling interest for the portion of the entity it did not acquire. The Company recognizes non-controlling interests that arise in an asset acquisition either at fair value or at the non-controlling interests’ proportionate share of the acquired entity’s net identifiable assets. This decision is made on an acquisition-by-acquisition basis.
4. CRITICAL JUDGEMENTS AND ESTIMATION UNCERTAINTIES
The preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses, and the accompanying disclosures. These assumptions, judgements and estimates are based on management’s best knowledge of the relevant facts and circumstances, having regard to previous experience, but actual results may differ materially from the amounts included in the consolidated financial statements. Management reviews its estimates and underlying assumptions on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.
The most significant judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty that management believes could have a significant risk of resulting in a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are:
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Mineral Reserve and Mineral Resource Estimates
Key Sources of Estimation Uncertainty
The figures for mineral reserves and mineral resources are determined in accordance with National Instrument 43-101 Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects, issued by the Canadian Securities Administrators. This National Instrument lays out the standards of disclosure for mineral projects including rules relating to the determination of mineral reserves and mineral resources. There are numerous uncertainties inherent in estimating mineral reserves and mineral resources, including many factors beyond the Company's control. Such estimation is a subjective process, and the accuracy of any mineral reserve or mineral resource estimate is a function of the quantity and quality of available data and of the assumptions made and judgements used in engineering and geological interpretation. Short-term operating factors relating to the mineral reserves, such as the need for orderly development of the ore bodies or the processing of new or different ore grades, may cause the mining operation to be unprofitable in any particular accounting period. Lower market prices, increased production costs, reduced recovery rates and other factors may result in a revision of its mineral reserve estimates from time to time or may render the Company’s mineral reserves uneconomic to exploit, which may materially and adversely affect the results of operations or financial condition. Mineral reserve data are not indicative of future results of operations. Evaluation of mineral resources is conducted from time to time and mineral resources may change depending on further geological interpretation, drilling results and metal prices. The Company regularly evaluates its mineral resources and it often determines the merits of increasing the reliability of its overall mineral resources.
Differences between management's assumptions, and actual events including economic assumptions such as metal prices and market conditions, could have a material effect in the future on the Company's financial position and results of operations.
Estimates of the quantities of proven and probable mineral reserves and mineral resources form the basis for the Company’s LOM ("LOM") plans, which are used for a number of important business and accounting purposes, including: determination of the useful life of property, plant and equipment and measurement of the depreciation expense, capitalization and amortization of stripping costs, exploration and evaluation of mineral resources and determination of technical feasibility and commercial viability, and forecasting the timing of the payments related to the environmental rehabilitation provision. In addition, the underlying LOM plans are used in the impairment tests for goodwill and non-current assets.
Estimated Recoverable Ounces
Key Sources of Estimation Uncertainty
The carrying amounts of the Company’s mining properties are depleted based on recoverable ounces contained in proven and probable mineral reserves plus a portion of mineral resources. The Company includes a portion of mineral resources where it is considered probable that those mineral resources will be economically extracted. Changes to estimates of recoverable ounces and depletable costs including changes resulting from revisions to the Company’s mine plans and changes in metal price forecasts can result in a change to future depletion rates.
Economic Recoverability and Probability of Future Economic Benefits of Exploration, Evaluation and Development Costs
Critical Judgements in Applying Accounting Policies
Management has determined that exploration and evaluation costs incurred during the year and costs associated with projects under construction have future economic benefits and are economically recoverable. In making this judgement, management has assessed various sources of information including but not limited to the geologic and metallurgic information, history of conversion of mineral deposits to proven and probable mineral reserves, scoping and feasibility studies, proximity of operating facilities, operating management expertise, existing permits and life of mine plans.
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Indicators of Impairment and Reversal of Impairment
Critical Judgements in Applying Accounting Policies
The Company considers both external and internal sources of information in assessing whether there are any indications that CGUs are impaired or reversal of impairment is needed. External sources of information the Company considers include changes in the market, economic and legal environment in which the Company operates that are not within its control and are expected to affect the recoverable amount of CGUs. Internal sources of information include the manner in which mining properties and plant and equipment are being used or are expected to be used and indicators of the economic performance of the assets, historical exploration and operating results. The primary external factors considered are changes in spot and forecast metal prices, changes in laws and regulations and the Company’s market capitalization relative to its net asset carrying amount. Primary internal factors considered are the Company’s current mine performance against expectations, changes in mineral reserves and resources, life of mine plans and exploration results.
Impairment and Reversal of Impairment
Key Sources of Estimation Uncertainty
In determining the recoverable amounts of the Company’s mining interests and goodwill, management makes estimates of the discounted future after-tax cash flows expected to be derived from the Company’s mining properties, costs to sell the mining properties and the appropriate discount rate. The projected cash flows are significantly affected by changes in assumptions related to metal selling prices, changes in the amount of recoverable reserves, resources, and exploration potential, production cost estimates, future capital expenditures, discount rates and exchange rates. Significant changes in metal price forecasts, estimated future costs of production, capital expenditures, the amount of recoverable reserves, resources, and exploration potential, and/or the impact of changes in current economic conditions may result in an impairment write-down or reversal of a previous impairment on the carrying amounts of the Company’s mining interests and/or an impairment write-down of goodwill.
No impairment losses or reversals of previous impairments were recognized during the year ended December 31, 2021. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company recognized a net impairment reversal of $191.0 million in respect of the carrying amounts of certain mineral properties. Refer to Note 13.D
Environmental Rehabilitation Provision
Key Sources of Estimation Uncertainty
Given the nature of its operations, the Company incurs obligations to close, restore and rehabilitate its sites. Closure and rehabilitation activities are governed by a combination of legislative requirements and Company policies. The Company’s environmental rehabilitation provision represents management’s best estimate of the present value of the future cash outflows required to settle the liabilities, which reflects estimates of future costs, inflation, movements in foreign exchange rates and assumptions of risks associated with the future cash outflows, and the applicable risk-free interest rates for discounting the future cash outflows. Changes in the above factors can result in a change to the provision recognized by the Company. The actual future expenditures may differ from the amounts currently provided if the estimates made are significantly different than actual results or if there are significant changes in environmental and/or regulatory requirements in the future.
Revenue Recognition: Application of Variable Consideration Constraint
Key Sources of Estimation Uncertainty
The Company determines the amortization of deferred revenue to the consolidated statement of operations on a per unit basis using the expected quantity of metal that will be delivered over the term of the contract, which is based on geological reports and the Company’s LOM plan at contract inception. As subsequent changes to the expected quantity of metal to be delivered triggers a retrospective adjustment to revenue, management is required to estimate the metal ounces to be included in the denominator that will be sufficient such that subsequent changes are not expected to result in a significant revenue reversal. Accordingly, management includes mineral reserves and a portion of mineral resources, which management is reasonably confident are transferable to reserves, in the calculation. With this approach, the Company considers that it is highly probable that changes in subsequent mineral reserve and mineral resource estimates will not result in a significant revenue reversal of previously recognized revenue.
Deferred Revenue
Critical Judgements in Applying Accounting Policies
Significant judgements are required in determining the appropriate accounting treatment for metal transactions entered into by the Company. With respect to the Company's current streaming arrangement, management has determined that based on the agreement, the counterparty assumes significant business risk and rewards associated with the timing and amount of metals being delivered. As such, the deposits received from the counterparty have been recorded as deferred revenue in the
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consolidated balance sheet. Additionally, the Company has determined that the transaction is not a financial liability as; based on the specific rights and obligations set out in the agreement, under no circumstances will the delivery obligations be satisfied with cash. Refer to Note 27 for additional information.
Joint Arrangements
Critical Judgements in Applying Accounting Policies
Judgement is required to determine when the Company has joint control of a contractual arrangement, which requires a continuous assessment of the relevant activities and when the decisions in relation to those activities require unanimous consent. Judgement is also required to classify a joint arrangement as either a joint operation or a joint venture when the arrangement has been structured through a separate vehicle. Classifying the arrangement requires the Company to assess its rights and obligations arising from the arrangement. Specifically, the Company considers the legal form of the separate vehicle, the terms of the contractual arrangement and other relevant facts and circumstances. This assessment often requires significant judgement, and a different conclusion on joint control, or whether the arrangement is a joint operation or a joint venture, may have a material impact on the accounting treatment.
Management evaluated its joint arrangement with Agnico Eagle Mines Limited, whereby both parties acquired 50.0% of the shares of Osisko (now Canadian Malartic) in accordance with the requirements in IFRS 11 Joint Arrangements. The Company concluded that the arrangement qualified as a joint operation upon consideration of the following significant factors: (i) The requirement that the joint operators purchase all output from the investee and investee restrictions on selling the output to any third party; (ii) The parties to the arrangement are substantially the only source of cash flow contributing to the continuity of the arrangement; and (iii) If the selling price drops below cost, the joint operators are required to cover any obligations Canadian Malartic cannot satisfy.
Income Taxes
Key Sources of Estimation Uncertainty
Income taxes and recoverability of deferred tax assets: In assessing the probability of realizing income tax assets recognized, management makes estimates related to expectations of future taxable income, applicable tax planning opportunities, expected timing of reversals of existing temporary differences and the likelihood that tax positions taken will be sustained upon examination by applicable tax authorities. In making its assessments, management gives additional weight to positive and negative evidence that can be objectively verified. Estimates of future taxable income are based on forecasted cash flows from operating activities and the application of existing tax laws in each jurisdiction. The Company considers relevant tax planning opportunities that are within the Company's control, are feasible, and within management's ability to implement. Examination by applicable tax authorities is supported based on individual facts and circumstances of the relevant tax position examined in light of all available evidence. Where applicable tax laws and regulations are either unclear or subject to ongoing varying interpretations, it is reasonably possible that changes in these estimates can occur that materially affect the amounts of income tax assets recognized. Also, future changes in tax laws could limit the Company from realizing the tax benefits from the deferred tax assets. The Company reassesses unrecognized income tax assets at each reporting period.
Inventory Valuation
Key Sources of Estimation Uncertainty
The measurement of inventory including the determination of its net realizable value, especially as it relates to ore in stockpiles, involves the use of estimates. Estimation is required in determining the tonnage, recoverable gold contained therein, and in determining the remaining costs of completion to bring inventory to its saleable form. Changes in these estimates can result in a change in mine operating costs of future periods and carrying amounts of inventories
Further, in determining the net realizable value of ore in stockpiles, the Company estimates future metal selling prices, production forecasts, realized grades and recoveries, timing of processing, and future costs to convert the inventories into saleable form. Reductions in metal price forecasts, increases in estimated future costs to convert, reductions in the amount of recoverable ounces, and a delay in timing of processing can result in a write down of the carrying amounts of the Company’s work in process and ore in stockpiles inventory.
Non-monetary Exchanges
Critical Judgements in Applying Accounting Policies
In accounting for assets (or a group of assets and liabilities) that are acquired in a non-monetary exchange, the Company records the acquired assets at cost. The cost of such assets is measured at the fair value of the other consideration given to acquire the assets at the time of their acquisition, unless the exchange transaction lacks commercial substance or the fair value of neither the assets received nor the assets given up can be reliably measured. If the Company is able to measure reliably the
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fair value of either the assets received or the assets given up, then the fair value of the assets given up is used to measure the cost of the assets received unless the fair value of the assets received is more clearly evident.
The 2020 Integration Transaction, pursuant to which the Company relinquished a non-controlling interest in Agua Rica for an increased interest in Alumbrera, was a non-monetary exchange of assets and liabilities, with the consideration paid for the additional interest in Alumbrera being a 43.75% interest relinquished in Agua Rica. The Company determined that the fair value of both what was being given up in Agua Rica and what was being acquired (the Alumbrera assets and liabilities) could be measured reliably; however, concluded that the fair value of the Alumbrera assets and liabilities was more clearly evident. Refer to Note 6 for further details on the Integration Transaction and the valuation approach.
Asset acquisition vs. Business combination
Critical Judgements in Applying Accounting Policies
To be considered a business, an acquired set of activities and assets must include, at a minimum, an input and a substantive process that together significantly contribute to the ability to create outputs. While businesses usually have outputs, outputs are not required for an integrated set of activities and assets to qualify as a business.
The set of activities and assets acquired in the acquisition of Alumbrera in 2020 included inputs such as plant and other infrastructure assets and limited mineral resources, but did not include an organized workforce. Alumbrera had no outputs at the acquisition date as mining ceased in the third quarter of 2018 at the end of the mine life. Given the absence of an organized workforce, the Company determined that no substantive processes had been acquired and therefore, Alumbrera did not meet the definition of a ‘business’ in IFRS, and the acquisition was accounted for as an acquisition of assets and liabilities. Refer to Note 6 for further details on the Integration Transaction.
Determination of technical feasibility and commercial viability
Critical Judgements in Applying Accounting Policies
IFRS 6 specifies the accounting for exploration and evaluation expenditures, defined as “expenditures incurred by an entity in connection with the exploration for and evaluation of mineral resources before the technical feasibility and commercial viability of extracting a mineral resource are demonstrable”. Once the technical feasibility and commercial viability of extracting a mineral resource are demonstrable, the recording of exploration and evaluation expenditures ceases for that mineral project, capitalized exploration and evaluation assets are tested for impairment, and those exploration and evaluation assets are reclassified to other applicable development-stage accounts.
In January 2021, following the completion of an internal PEA-level technical study in late 2020, the Canadian Malartic partnership approved the construction of a new underground mining complex at the Odyssey project. At this point in time, an assessment was performed to determine whether the technical feasibility and commercial viability of extracting a mineral resource were demonstrable. Based on factors including the results of the recently completed PEA-level study (which was incorporated into a NI 43-101 report filed in March 2021) demonstrating the financial viability of the project and the approval of both the Yamana and Agnico Eagle Boards of Directors to proceed, it was determined that technical feasibility and commercial viability were demonstrable, and the Odyssey project was reclassified to an asset under construction within property, plant and equipment.
On July 19, 2021, the Company announced a positive development decision on the Wasamac Project. At this point in time, an assessment was performed to determine whether the technical feasibility and commercial viability of extracting a mineral resource were demonstrable. Based on factors such as the established mineral reserves and resources of the project, the expected financial viability of the project based on the most recently completed feasibility study, and the decision by the Company's Board of Directors to advance the project, it was determined that technical feasibility and commercial viability were demonstrable, and the Wasamac project was reclassified to an asset under construction within property, plant and equipment.
5. RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
Adoption of Amendments to IFRS 9, IAS 39, IFRS 7, IFRS 4 and IFRS 16 – Interest Rate Benchmark Reform – Phase 2
The Company adopted Interest Rate Benchmark Reform - Phase 2 (Amendments to IFRS 9, IAS 39, IFRS 7, IFRS 4 and IFRS 16) on January 1, 2021. The amendments address the financial reporting impact from reform of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) and other benchmark interest rates (collectively “IBOR reform”).
As at December 31, 2021, these amendments have not affected the Company’s consolidated financial statements as the Company has not yet transitioned any agreements that are exposed to the London Inter-bank Offered Rate (LIBOR) to an alternative benchmark interest rate. While there remains some uncertainty around the timing of adoption and the precise nature of an alternative benchmark rate, the replacement of the rate is not expected to result in a significant change in the Company’s interest rate risk management strategy or interest rate risk. The Company’s revolving credit facility (currently undrawn) is the
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most significant financial instrument exposed to LIBOR. The Company continues to monitor developments on alternative benchmark interest rates and expects to transition to alternative rates as widespread market practice is established. The revolving credit facility also includes language to replace LIBOR with a suitable alternative benchmark rate once that matter is resolved.
Other Narrow Scope Amendments to IFRSs and IFRS Interpretations
The Company adopted various amendments to IFRSs, which were effective for accounting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2021. The impact of adoption was not significant to the Company's consolidated financial statements.
New and Revised IFRSs, Narrow Scope Amendments to IFRSs and IFRS Interpretations not yet Effective
Certain pronouncements have been issued by the IASB that are mandatory for accounting periods after December 31, 2021. There are currently no such pronouncements that are expected to have a significant impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements upon adoption; however, the pronouncement below may have a significant impact in future periods.
Property, Plant and Equipment: Proceeds before Intended Use (Amendments to IAS 16).
These amendments clarify the accounting for the net proceeds from selling any items produced while bringing an item of property, plant and equipment to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management. The amendments prohibit entities from deducting amounts received from selling items produced from the cost of property, plant and equipment while the Company is preparing the asset for its intended use. Instead, sales proceeds and the cost of producing these items will be recognized in the consolidated statements of operations. The amendments are effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2022, with earlier application permitted. The amendments apply retrospectively, but only to assets brought to the location and condition necessary for them to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management on or after the beginning of the earliest period presented in the financial statements in which the Company first applies the amendments.
6. BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS
Acquisition of Monarch Gold Corporation
In June 2020, pursuant to a private placement offer by Monarch Gold Corporation ("Monarch Gold") (TSX: MQR), Yamana subscribed for $3.1 million (C$4.2 million) worth of units of Monarch Gold at a price of C$0.24 per unit and was issued 17,500,000 common shares of Monarch Gold, along with 8,750,000 warrants. Each warrant entitled Yamana to purchase one common share of Monarch Gold at a price of C$0.29 until June 10, 2023.
As Yamana’s shareholding was above 5%, the Company was entitled to name a representative to Monarch Gold’s Board of Directors. As Yamana was represented on Monarch Gold's Board of Directors, the Company concluded that it had significant influence over Monarch Gold, and the investment was accounted for as an investment in associate using the equity method.
Yamana acquired additional shares in Monarch Gold during the third quarter of 2020, increasing the Company's shareholding from 6% to 7.1% of Monarch Gold's issued and outstanding shares. Yamana's shareholding was subsequently reduced to 6.92% due to the exercise of options/warrants by other option/warrant holders.
On November 2, 2020, Yamana announced that it had entered into a definitive agreement with Monarch Gold whereby Yamana would acquire the Wasamac property and the Camflo property and mill through the acquisition of all of the outstanding shares of Monarch Gold not owned by Yamana, under a plan of arrangement (the "Arrangement"). In connection with the Arrangement, Monarch Gold would complete a spin-out to its shareholders, through newly formed Monarch Mining Corporation ("Monarch Mining") of its other mineral properties and certain other assets and liabilities.
On January 21, 2021, the Company announced the completion of the Arrangement.
Pursuant to the terms of the Arrangement, each former holder of Monarch Gold shares received the following consideration per Monarch Gold share held immediately prior to the effective time of the Arrangement:
a.0.0376 of a Yamana share;
b.C$0.192 in cash from Yamana; and
c.0.2 of a share of the newly formed Monarch Mining.
Yamana also issued replacement warrants to holders of outstanding Monarch warrants, to purchase from Yamana 0.0376 of a Yamana share.
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As Monarch Gold became a wholly owned subsidiary of Yamana, the Monarch Gold shares were de-listed from the TSX on January 25, 2021 and Monarch Gold ceased to be a reporting issuer.
The set of activities and assets acquired in the acquisition of Monarch Gold included inputs such as certain mining permits and mineral resources, but did not include an organized workforce. Monarch Gold had no outputs at the acquisition date as the properties acquired are exploration stage properties. Given the absence of an organized workforce, the Company determined that no substantive processes had been acquired and therefore, Monarch Gold did not meet the definition of a ‘business’ under IFRS, and the acquisition was accounted for as an acquisition of assets and liabilities.
IFRS requires a cost-based approach to be applied in accounting for an asset acquisition. The consideration paid for the acquisition of Monarch Gold was comprised of share consideration, cash consideration and the replacement of certain outstanding Monarch Gold warrants with Yamana warrants. Given the consideration paid included Yamana shares exchanged for Monarch Gold shares; the cost of the transaction for accounting purposes was determined in accordance with IFRS 2, which requires an entity to measure the goods (assets and liabilities) received, and the corresponding increase in equity, directly at the fair value of the goods received, unless that fair value cannot be estimated reliably. Accordingly, the acquisition cost was measured based on the fair value of the Monarch Gold assets acquired and liabilities assumed as the Company concluded that the fair value of such assets and liabilities could be estimated reliably.
The fair value of the Monarch Gold assets acquired and liabilities assumed for accounting purposes was determined to be equal to the value of the consideration paid. Yamana issued 11,608,195 Yamana Shares (with a fair value of $61.2 million), paid $46.9 million (C$59.3 million) in cash, and issued 383,764 replacement warrants (with a fair value of $0.6 million) for total consideration paid of $108.6 million.
Given the transaction resulted in Yamana’s previously held 6.92% interest in Monarch Gold being comprised of a portion that is now part of the Company’s 100% interest in Monarch Gold, and a portion that is now an interest in Monarch Mining (discussed below); in accounting for the transaction, the Company bifurcated the carrying value of the previously held interest between the two new investments.
In accounting for the Company's existing 6.92% interest that continued as Monarch Gold, the interest was accounted for at its carrying amount of $3.2 million (and not remeasured to fair value) in line with the Company’s accounting policy whereby existing interests are not remeasured when accounting for an asset acquisition.
Upon completion of the Arrangement, the net book value of Monarch Gold was $113.5 million, including capitalized transaction costs.
The Company acquired cash and cash equivalents of $2.0 million in the acquisition of Monarch Gold.
Fair Value Measurement
The Company obtained independent valuations for the property, plant and equipment of Monarch Gold, and management's assessment of fair value of such assets took into account the independent valuations obtained. Different approaches were used in valuing the different asset groups. Where the fair value of an asset was able to be determined by reference to market-based evidence, such as sales of comparable assets, the fair value was determined using this information. Where fair value of the asset was not able to be reliably determined using market-based evidence, discounted cash flows were used to determine fair value.
The valuation techniques used for measuring the fair value of the material assets acquired was as follows.
Assets acquired | Fair value at January 21, 2021 | Fair value measurement category | Valuation techniques | ||||||||
Exploration properties | $ | 105.8 | Level 3(i) | Income approach: Development of a discounted cash flow ("DCF") model that takes into account the mining plan produced in a technical report ("LOM"). Market comparison technique: The valuation model considers observed transaction multiples (based on a per hectare range of $6,080 - $9,425), determined after analyzing precedent transactions in Québec from 2018 to 2020, for land packages under 2,000 hectares and with an acquisition price greater than USD$5.0 million, and making appropriate adjustments to reflect differences between the transaction and comparable transactions. |
(i)For further detail regarding the hierarchy used in determining and disclosing fair value, refer to Note 17.
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Interest in Monarch Mining
As noted above, Monarch Gold shareholders (including Yamana) received shares of Monarch Mining under the Arrangement. Accordingly, Yamana now owns 4,450,000 common shares of Monarch Mining, or approximately 6.7% of the outstanding common shares of Monarch Mining and is entitled to acquire an additional 2,225,000 common shares of Monarch Mining upon the exercise of previously held Monarch Gold warrants, representing a partially diluted share ownership in Monarch Mining of approximately 9.8%.
Yamana's interest in the former Monarch Gold that was exchanged for shares in Monarch Mining was accounted for using the equity method. Given the relatively low shareholding and the fact that Yamana has no right to representation on the Board of Directors of Monarch Mining, the Company concluded that it no longer had significant influence with respect to this investment, and therefore, discontinued accounting for the investment using the equity method from the date of the completion of the transaction. Yamana recorded a gain on discontinuation of the equity method of $1.1 million, which is included in other operating expenses, net in the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2021. The gain was calculated as the difference between the fair value of Yamana's new interest in Monarch Mining and the carrying amount of the part of the investment in former Monarch Gold that became an investment in Monarch Mining at the date the equity method was discontinued, adjusted for the loss previously recognized in other comprehensive income that was reclassified to profit or loss on discontinuation of the equity method. The investment in Monarch Mining is accounted for as a financial asset at FVOCI. Monarch Mining shares commenced trading on the TSX on January 26, 2021 under the symbol "GBAR".
During the second quarter of 2021, the Camflo property was sold to the Canadian Malartic General Partnership in which, the Company has a 50% interest. The value of the Camflo Assets acquired and the proceeds for which they were subsequently disposed were consistent with each other and not material.
The Wasamac property was added to Yamana's Canadian exploration portfolio at the time of acquisition, and was included in the "Corporate and other" reporting segment in Note 7.
On July 19, 2021, the Company announced a positive development decision on the Wasamac property. Given technical feasibility and commercial viability of extracting mineral resources are now demonstrable, the Wasamac property was reclassified from an exploration and evaluation asset to a development stage asset during the third quarter of 2021.
La Pepa Option Exercise
In December 2018, the Company entered into an Option Agreement with respect to the Company's La Pepa gold project with Mineros Atacama SpA ("Mineros"). The Option Agreement granted Mineros the right and option to acquire up to a 51% interest in Minera Cavancha SpA, the legal entity that directly holds the La Pepa project, through satisfaction of certain requirements over two option (earn-in) periods, and then the remaining 49% interest pursuant to a call option.
The first option period, during which Mineros was granted the right to acquire a 20% interest by making expenditures aggregating $5.0 million, ended on July 2, 2021 and Mineros provided notice of its intention to exercise the first option before the end of the first option period.
Given the transaction resulted in Yamana issuing shares in a subsidiary company in exchange for services received from Mineros (in the form of exploration work performed on the La Pepa property), the transaction was accounted for as a share-based payment transaction. Specifically, the Company recognized the services as received, along with a corresponding increase in equity. The services received were measured at the fair value of the services, being the $5.0 million in expenditures incurred by Mineros.
During the fourth quarter of 2021, Mineros was issued shares representing a 20% interest in Minera Cavancha SpA. Yamana recognized the non-controlling interest in Minera Cavancha SpA at the non-controlling interest's proportionate share of the net identifiable assets of Minera Cavancha SpA, being $21.4 million.
The second option period, during which Mineros has the right to acquire a further 31% interest, commenced upon issuance of the 20% interest shares for a 24-month period. The services received in the second option period will be recognized as the services are received, along with a corresponding interest in equity, consistent with the accounting for the services received during the first option period.
Acquisition of Exploration Properties Adjoining the Wasamac Project
On June 14, 2021, the Company announced that it had entered into a Definitive Purchase Agreement ("Agreement") with Globex Mining Enterprises Inc. (“Globex”) (TSX: GMX) to acquire the Francoeur, Arntfield and Lac Fortune gold properties adjoining the Company’s Wasamac project as well as additional claims in the Beauchastel township to the east of the Wasamac project. The transaction was completed on June 21, 2021.
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The purchase price for the purchased assets was $11.9 million (C$14.8 million). Pursuant to the terms of the Agreement, Yamana paid an initial amount of $3.1 million (C$3.8 million) on closing in the form of Yamana shares. The remaining payment of C$11.0 million is payable over four years in either cash or shares at the election of Globex, and is accounted for as deferred consideration and included in other financial liabilities. In addition, Globex received a 2% Gross Metal Royalty from Yamana, of which 0.5% may be bought back at any time by Yamana for C$1.5 million, following which the royalty would be reduced to a 1.5% Gross Metal Royalty.
Agua Rica-Alumbrera Integration ("MARA Project")
On March 7, 2019, Yamana, Glencore International AG (“Glencore”) and Goldcorp Inc., now Newmont Corporation (“Newmont”) (collectively “the Parties”) entered into a definitive Integration Agreement with the purpose of seeking to integrate the Agua Rica project with the Alumbrera mine, plant and infrastructure (the “Integration Project”) through an Integration Transaction.
On December 17, 2020, the Parties announced the completion of the Integration Transaction, with the Integration Project to be known as the MARA Project. Under the MARA Project, Agua Rica will be developed and operated using the existing infrastructure and facilities from the Alumbrera mine, approximately 35 kilometres away.
The Integration Transaction resulted in Yamana relinquishing a non-controlling interest in Agua Rica for an increased interest in Alumbrera. The below sets out the ownership percentages before and after the completion of the Integration Transaction:
Before Transaction | After Transaction | ||||||||||
Alumbrera(i) | Agua Rica | MARA Project | |||||||||
Yamana | 12.50 | % | 100.00 | % | 56.25 | % | |||||
Glencore | 50.00 | % | — | % | 25.00 | % | |||||
Newmont | 37.50 | % | — | % | 18.75 | % | |||||
100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % |
(i)Although Yamana’s investment in Alumbrera was less than 20% of the issued and outstanding shares, after consideration of other relevant factors including the proportion of seats on Alumbrera’s board assigned to Yamana, the nature of the business decisions that required unanimous consent of the directors, and Yamana’s ability to influence the operating, strategic and financing decisions concerning Alumbrera; the Company determined that it had significant influence over Alumbrera, and therefore, accounted for Alumbrera as an investment in associate using the equity method.
Upon closing of the Integration Transaction, the Company acquired an additional 43.75% interest in Alumbrera. As a result, the Company’s equity interest in Alumbrera increased from 12.50% to 56.25%. The consideration paid for the additional interest in Alumbrera was a 43.75% interest in Agua Rica, taking the Company’s interest in Agua Rica down to 56.25%. The Company determined that it controlled the MARA Project through its 56.25% voting interest, and therefore, in accounting for the Integration Transaction the Company was required to consolidate Alumbrera, and recognize the non-controlling interests in both Agua Rica and Alumbrera.
The set of activities and assets acquired in the acquisition of Alumbrera included inputs such as plant and other infrastructure assets and limited mineral resources, but did not include an organized workforce. Alumbrera had no outputs at the acquisition date as mining ceased in the third quarter of 2018 at the end of the mine life. Given the absence of an organized workforce, the Company determined that no substantive processes had been acquired and therefore, Alumbrera did not meet the definition of a ‘business’ in IFRS, and the acquisition was accounted for as an acquisition of assets and liabilities.
IFRS requires a cost-based approach to be applied in accounting for an asset acquisition. The Integration Transaction was a non-monetary exchange of assets, with the consideration paid for the additional interest in Alumbrera being a 43.75% interest relinquished in Agua Rica. The acquisition cost was measured based on the fair value of the Alumbrera assets and liabilities as it was determined that the fair value of these assets and liabilities was more clearly evident than the fair value of the interest being given up in Agua Rica. The net fair value of the Alumbrera assets acquired and liabilities assumed was estimated to be $787.9 million. (The net fair value of Alumbrera on a 100% basis was estimated to be $900.5 million).
Prior to the Integration Transaction, Yamana’s existing 12.5% interest in Alumbrera was carried at nil due to previous impairment write downs largely associated with the Alumbrera mine coming to the end of its life. The Company assessed whether the potential Integration Transaction was an indicator of impairment reversal for the equity accounted investment given the integration of the Alumbrera assets with the Agua Rica assets would have a favourable effect on and increase the estimated service potential of the underlying Alumbrera assets. However, the Company concluded that there was no indicator of impairment reversal as there was no certainty that the value of Alumbrera had changed until the Integration Transaction was completed, at which point in time the equity investment in Alumbrera, which had been historically impaired, was derecognized.
In accounting for the Company's existing 12.5% interest in the Integration Transaction, the interest was accounted for at its carrying amount of nil (and not remeasured to fair value) in line with the Company’s accounting policy whereby existing interests are not remeasured when accounting for an asset acquisition.
The Company recognizes non-controlling interests that arise in an asset acquisition either at fair value or at the non-controlling interests’ proportionate share of the acquired entity’s net identifiable assets. This decision is made on an acquisition-by-
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acquisition basis. For the non-controlling interests in the MARA Project, the Company elected to recognize the non-controlling interests at the non-controlling interests' proportionate share of the acquired entity's net identifiable assets.
The net book value of Agua Rica immediately before the Integration Transaction was $889.3 million.
Upon completion of the Integration Transaction, the book value of the MARA Project was $1,677.2 million, of which $889.3 million was attributable to Yamana, and $787.9 million attributable to the non-controlling interests.
The Company acquired cash and cash equivalents of $222.5 million in the acquisition of Alumbrera.
Fair Value Measurement
The Company obtained independent valuations for the property, plant and equipment and mineral resources of Alumbrera, and management's assessment of fair value of such assets took into account the independent valuations obtained. Different approaches were used in valuing the different asset groups. Where the fair value of an asset was able to be determined by reference to market-based evidence, such as sales of comparable assets, the fair value was determined using this information. Where fair value of the asset was not able to be reliably determined using market-based evidence, discounted cash flows or optimized depreciated replacement cost was used to determine fair value.
The valuation techniques used for measuring the fair value of the material non-cash assets acquired were as follows.
Assets acquired | Fair value at December 17, 2020 (100%) | Fair value measurement category | Valuation technique | ||||||||
Property, plant and equipment | $ | 696.7 | Level 3 | Cost technique: The valuation model considers market prices for similar items when they are available, and depreciated replacement cost when appropriate. Depreciated replacement cost reflects adjustments for physical deterioration as well as functional and economic obsolescence. | |||||||
Mineral resources | $ | 72.0 | Level 3 | Market comparison technique: The valuation model considers observed transaction multiples using transactions of majority interests in development stage copper projects in North and South America over the past 10 years. In arriving at a selected multiple, appropriate adjustments were made to take into account the availability of existing infrastructure relative to comparable transactions, while being cognizant of the initial capital costs that will still need to be incurred. | |||||||
Environmental rehabilitation provision | $ | (85.7) | Level 3 | Present-value technique using the entity’s own data about the future cash outflows to be paid to fulfil the obligation and other inputs including the credit adjusted risk-free interest rate. |
The Company believes the methodologies and estimates used to determine fair value are similar to what a market participant would use in similar circumstances.
Leagold Mining Corporation and Equinox Gold Corp. merger, and subsequent sale of Equinox Units
On May 24, 2018, Yamana completed the disposal of its 53.6% controlling interest in Brio Gold to Leagold Mining Corporation ("Leagold"). Pursuant to the terms of the sale, the Company received 20.5% of Leagold's issued and outstanding shares. The Company concluded that it had significant influence over Leagold, and therefore, the investment in Leagold was accounted for as an investment in an associate using the equity method.
On December 16, 2019, Leagold and Equinox Gold Corp. ("Equinox") jointly announced that the companies had entered into a definitive agreement to combine in an at-market merger. On March 10, 2020, the companies announced that the merger had been completed. The combined company continues as Equinox Gold under the ticker symbol “EQX” on both the Toronto Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange.
Pursuant to the transaction, Leagold shareholders received 0.331 of an Equinox share for each Leagold share held. This resulted in Yamana owning approximately 9% of the combined company at the date of the completion of the merger.
Yamana concluded that, as a result of its reduced shareholding, it no longer had significant influence in the investee, and therefore, discontinued accounting for the investment using the equity method from the date of the completion of the merger. Yamana recorded a gain on discontinuation of the equity method of $21.3 million, which is included in other operating expenses, net in the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020. The gain was calculated as the difference between the fair value of Yamana's retained interest (in the form of Equinox shares) and the carrying amount of the
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investment in Leagold at the date the equity method was discontinued, adjusted for the loss previously recognized in other comprehensive income that was reclassified to profit or loss on discontinuation of the equity method. The investment in Equinox is accounted for as a financial asset at FVOCI.
On April 13, 2020 Yamana announced it had entered into an agreement with Stifel GMP and Cormark Securities Inc. (collectively, the “Dealers”) to sell 12,000,000 units (each, a “Unit”) at a price of C$10.00 per Unit for gross proceeds to Yamana of $85.2 million (C$120.0 million) (the “Sale Transaction"). Each Unit consisted of one (1) common share of Equinox owned by Yamana and one-half (0.5) of a common share purchase warrant of Yamana (each whole warrant a “Warrant”). Each Warrant entitles the holder thereof to acquire one (1) additional common share of Equinox owned by Yamana (a “Warrant Share”) at an exercise price of C$13.50 for a term of 9 months from the date of issue. The Sale Transaction closed on April 15, 2020.
During the third quarter of 2020, Yamana disposed of 1,200,000 Equinox shares for proceeds of approximately $15.6 million (C$20.5 million).
As at December 31, 2020, Yamana held 6,000,000 Equinox shares, representing approximately 2.5% of the issued and outstanding Equinox shares, on a non-diluted basis.
In early January 2021, 405,000 of the 6,000,000 outstanding purchase warrants to acquire Equinox common shares held by Yamana were exercised and the same number of shares disposed of at the exercise price of C$13.50, for total proceeds of $4.2 million (C$5.5 million). The remainder of the purchase warrants expired on January 15, 2021.
Sale of the Royalty Portfolio
On February 23, 2020, the Company announced that it had entered into a definitive purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) to sell a portfolio of royalty interests and the contingent payment to be received upon declaration of commercial production at the Deep Carbonates Project (“DCP”) at the Gualcamayo gold mine (together, the “Royalty Portfolio”) to Guerrero Ventures Inc. (TSX-V:GV) (“Guerrero”).
The assets in the Royalty Portfolio being sold pursuant to the transaction were:
•A 1% net smelter return royalty (“NSR”) on gold production and 2% NSR on base metals from the Riacho dos Machados (“RDM”) gold mine operating in Minas Gerais, Brazil;
•A 2% NSR on oxide gold production from the Gualcamayo gold mine operating in San Juan, Argentina, once the operation produces approximately 275,000 ounces from January 1, 2020;
•A 1.5% NSR on production from the DCP at the Gualcamayo gold mine;
•A $30.0 million cash payment receivable upon declaration of commercial production at the DCP at the Gualcamayo gold mine; and
•A 2% NSR on production from the Suruca project in Goiás, Brazil.
On May 25, 2020, Guerrero announced that it had formally changed its corporate name to Nomad Royalty Company Ltd. (“Nomad”).
On May 27, 2020, the transaction was completed and Yamana received $64.2 million in consideration as follows:
•$10.0 million in cash;
•$10.8 million, being the fair value of the $10.0 million deferred cash payment. The deferred cash payment is measured at fair value due to the convertible nature of the financial instrument. Pursuant to the terms in the Deferred Payment Agreement, Yamana will receive interest on the deferred cash payment of 3% calculated and payable on a quarterly basis, and the deferred cash payment may be converted at any time, in whole or in part, by Yamana into shares of Nomad at C$0.90 per share. The deferred cash payment will be due for payment in full at the end of two years. However, Nomad may pay the deferred cash payment in full at the end of one year, subject to additional payment by Nomad equal to 5% of the deferred cash payment, and the right of Yamana to convert the deferred cash payment into shares of Nomad at a price of C$0.90 per share. The instrument creating the deferred cash payment can be transferred at any time. The deferred cash payment is accounted for as a financial asset at fair value through profit or loss; and
•$43.4 million in Nomad common shares at a price of C$0.90 per share, representing approximately 13% of Nomad's issued and outstanding shares. These shares were subject to a lockup period of six months.
In conjunction with the acquisition of Yamana’s Royalty Portfolio, Guerrero also entered into an agreement to acquire a portfolio of precious metals royalty, stream and gold loan assets from funds related to Orion Resource Partners (USA) LP (collectively, “Orion”) for total consideration of $268.0 million.
The purchase price payable to Orion was satisfied through the issuance of $268.0 million in Nomad common shares at a price of C$0.90 per share, representing approximately 77% of Nomad's issued and outstanding shares. These shares are subject to a lockup period of 12 months.
On May 29, 2020, Nomad's shares commenced trading on the TSX under the ticker symbol "NSR".
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On December 11, 2020, Yamana disposed of 22,750,000 Nomad shares through a secondary offering at a price of C$1.10 per share for total gross proceeds of approximately $19.7 million (C$25.0 million).
As at December 31, 2020, Yamana held 43,750,000 Nomad shares, representing approximately 7.75% of the issued and outstanding Nomad shares on a non-diluted basis (approximately 10% on a partially-diluted basis).
As Yamana was represented on Nomad's board of directors, the Company concluded that it had significant influence over Nomad, and the investment in Nomad was accounted for as an investment in associate using the equity method.
During the second quarter of 2021, Yamana concluded that it ceased to have significant influence over Nomad due to no longer having representation on Nomad's board of directors, and therefore, discontinued accounting for the investment using the equity method. Yamana recorded a gain on discontinuation of the equity method of $9.2 million, calculated as the difference between the fair value and the carrying value of the investment at the date significant influence was lost. The investment is now accounted for as a financial asset at FVOCI.
7. SEGMENT INFORMATION
The Company bases its operating segments on the way information is reported and used by the Company's chief operating decision maker ("CODM"), being the Company's Senior Executive Group. The results of operating segments are reviewed by the CODM in order to make decisions about resources to be allocated to the segments and to assess their performance.
The Company considers each of its individual operating mine sites as reportable segments for financial reporting purposes. Further, the results of operating mines that the Company does not intend to manage in the long-term, and for which a disposal plan has been initiated, are reviewed as one segment. In addition to these reportable segments, the Company aggregates and discloses the financial results of other operating segments with similar economic characteristics as reviewed by the CODM, including exploration properties and corporate entities, under "corporate and other".
Significant information relating to the Company's reportable segments is summarized in the tables below:
Canadian Malartic | Jacobina | Cerro Moro | El Peñón | Minera Florida | Corporate and other(i) | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment at December 31, 2021 | $ | 1,013.9 | $ | 926.2 | $ | 419.2 | $ | 1,081.2 | $ | 295.3 | $ | 3,039.4 | $ | 6,775.2 | ||||||||||||
Total assets at December 31, 2021 | $ | 1,613.5 | $ | 973.4 | $ | 507.9 | $ | 1,139.4 | $ | 327.8 | $ | 3,820.7 | $ | 8,382.7 | ||||||||||||
Total liabilities at December 31, 2021 | $ | 466.4 | $ | 287.5 | $ | 87.0 | $ | 384.0 | $ | 96.6 | $ | 1,858.0 | $ | 3,179.5 | ||||||||||||
Capital expenditures for the year ended December 31, 2021 | $ | 135.0 | $ | 49.3 | $ | 46.6 | $ | 58.0 | $ | 44.3 | $ | 51.3 | $ | 384.6 |
Canadian Malartic | Jacobina | Cerro Moro | El Peñón | Minera Florida | Corporate and other(i) | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment at December 31, 2020 | $ | 1,059.5 | $ | 897.7 | $ | 457.8 | $ | 1,111.0 | $ | 296.1 | $ | 2,862.7 | $ | 6,684.8 | ||||||||||||
Total assets at December 31, 2020 | $ | 1,638.1 | $ | 936.4 | $ | 550.0 | $ | 1,168.0 | $ | 322.2 | $ | 3,808.1 | $ | 8,422.8 | ||||||||||||
Total liabilities at December 31, 2020 | $ | 458.3 | $ | 273.1 | $ | 79.2 | $ | 407.3 | $ | 108.6 | $ | 1,924.0 | $ | 3,250.5 | ||||||||||||
Capital expenditures for the year ended December 31, 2020 | $ | 74.8 | $ | 43.4 | $ | 48.9 | $ | 47.8 | $ | 39.5 | $ | 19.3 | $ | 273.7 |
(i)"Corporate and other" includes advanced stage development projects, exploration properties, corporate entities, the Company's investments in associates and the MARA Project with property, plant and equipment of $1,883.4 million, total assets of $2,134.7 million and total liabilities of $549.3 million (December 31, 2020: $1,856.4 million, $2,109.7 million, and $429.2 million, respectively).
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For the year ended December 31, 2021 | Canadian Malartic | Jacobina | Cerro Moro | El Peñón | Minera Florida | Corporate and other | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
Revenue | $ | 643.2 | $ | 336.2 | $ | 276.5 | $ | 401.5 | $ | 158.0 | $ | — | $ | 1,815.4 | ||||||||||||
Cost of sales excluding DDA(i) | (231.3) | (105.5) | (130.5) | (150.3) | (77.4) | — | (695.0) | |||||||||||||||||||
Gross margin excluding DDA | $ | 411.9 | $ | 230.7 | $ | 146.0 | $ | 251.2 | $ | 80.6 | $ | — | $ | 1,120.4 | ||||||||||||
DDA | (174.7) | (55.4) | (74.6) | (85.0) | (48.5) | (9.7) | (447.9) | |||||||||||||||||||
Temporary suspension, standby and other incremental COVID-19 costs | (2.5) | (1.2) | (20.8) | (4.9) | (8.0) | — | (37.4) | |||||||||||||||||||
Segment income (loss) | $ | 234.7 | $ | 174.1 | $ | 50.6 | $ | 161.3 | $ | 24.1 | $ | (9.7) | $ | 635.1 | ||||||||||||
Other expenses(ii) | (250.6) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Earnings before taxes | $ | 384.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income tax expense | (295.7) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net earnings | $ | 88.8 |
For the year ended December 31, 2020 | Canadian Malartic | Jacobina | Cerro Moro | El Peñón | Minera Florida | Corporate and other | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
Revenue | $ | 471.0 | $ | 312.1 | $ | 241.3 | $ | 381.1 | $ | 155.5 | $ | — | $ | 1,561.0 | ||||||||||||
Cost of sales excluding DDA(i) | (185.4) | (95.5) | (115.8) | (141.8) | (75.6) | — | (614.1) | |||||||||||||||||||
Gross margin excluding DDA | $ | 285.6 | $ | 216.6 | $ | 125.5 | $ | 239.3 | $ | 79.9 | $ | — | $ | 946.9 | ||||||||||||
DDA | (133.4) | (52.6) | (86.1) | (69.6) | (44.2) | (9.1) | (395.0) | |||||||||||||||||||
Temporary suspension, standby and other incremental COVID-19 costs | (4.5) | (2.0) | (19.2) | (7.0) | (7.7) | (0.1) | (40.5) | |||||||||||||||||||
(Impairment) reversal of impairment of mining properties and goodwill | — | — | (369.0) | 560.0 | — | — | 191.0 | |||||||||||||||||||
Segment income (loss) | $ | 147.7 | $ | 162.0 | $ | (348.8) | $ | 722.7 | $ | 28.0 | $ | (9.2) | $ | 702.4 | ||||||||||||
Other expenses(ii) | (212.3) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Earnings before taxes | $ | 490.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income tax expense | (286.5) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net earnings | $ | 203.6 |
(i)Depletion, depreciation and amortization ("DDA").
(ii)Other expenses are comprised of general and administrative expenses, exploration and evaluation expenses, share of earnings (loss) of associates, other operating expenses, net, finance costs and other income (costs), net, as per the consolidated statement of operations.
Information about Geographical Areas
Revenue is attributed to regions based on the source location of the product sold.
For the years ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Canada | $ | 643.2 | $ | 471.0 | ||||
Chile | 559.5 | 536.6 | ||||||
Brazil | 336.2 | 312.1 | ||||||
Argentina | 276.5 | 241.3 | ||||||
Total revenue | $ | 1,815.4 | $ | 1,561.0 |
Non-current assets for this purpose exclude deferred tax assets.
As at December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Canada | $ | 1,854.8 | $ | 1,784.4 | ||||
Chile | 1,864.2 | 1,891.2 | ||||||
Brazil | 957.6 | 927.0 | ||||||
Argentina | 2,740.8 | 2,769.4 | ||||||
United States | 33.6 | 34.7 | ||||||
Total non-current assets | $ | 7,451.0 | $ | 7,406.7 |
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Information about Major Customers
The Company sells its metals through the corporate office to major metal exchange markets or directly to major Canadian financial institutions and to smelters. Given the nature of the Company's products, there are always willing market participants ready to purchase the Company's products at the prevailing market prices.
The following table presents sales to individual customers that exceeded 10% of annual metal sales for the following periods:
For the years ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Customer | ||||||||
1 | $ | 504.5 | $ | 394.6 | ||||
2 | 346.0 | 365.6 | ||||||
3 | 297.6 | 334.7 | ||||||
4 | 287.4 | 199.7 | ||||||
5 | 233.5 | 158.9 | ||||||
Total sales to customers exceeding 10% of annual metal sales | $ | 1,669.0 | $ | 1,453.5 | ||||
Percentage of total metal sales | 91.9 | % | 93.1 | % |
8. REVENUE
Disaggregation of Revenue
The following table disaggregates revenue by metal:
For the years ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Gold | $ | 1,592.4 | $ | 1,341.8 | ||||
Silver | 223.0 | 219.2 | ||||||
Total revenue | $ | 1,815.4 | $ | 1,561.0 |
Transaction Price Allocated to the Remaining Performance Obligations
Revenue allocated to remaining performance obligations represents contracted revenue that has not yet been recognized, which includes deferred revenue amounts relating to the Company's streaming arrangement that will be invoiced and recognized as revenue in future periods. The Company applies the practical expedient in paragraph 121 of IFRS 15 and does not disclose information about remaining performance obligations that have original expected durations of one year or less.
At December 31, 2021 the aggregate amount of the revenue allocated to unsatisfied performance obligations was $64.2 million.
The Company expects to recognize approximately $12.6 million of this revenue over the next 12 months and the remainder over a period of approximately 7 years.
9. EMPLOYEE COMPENSATION AND BENEFITS EXPENSES
Employee compensation and benefits expense included in the statement of operations is as follows:
For the years ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Wages and salaries | $ | 175.8 | $ | 176.2 | ||||
Social security, pension and government-mandated programs(i) | 76.0 | 79.0 | ||||||
Other benefits(ii) | 17.0 | 29.2 | ||||||
Total employee compensation and benefits expenses | $ | 268.8 | $ | 284.4 | ||||
(i)Included in this item are defined contribution pension plan contributions for all full-time qualifying employees of the Company. Contributions by the Company are based on a contribution percentage using the annual salary as the base and are made on a quarterly basis or as otherwise determined by the Company. The assets of the plans are held separately from those of the Company and are managed by independent plan administrators. The total expense recognized in the consolidated statement of operations of $7.3 million (2020: $6.4 million) represents contributions payable to these plans by the Company at rates specified in the rules of the plans. As at December 31, 2021, contributions of $3.1 million due in respect of the 2021 reporting period (2020: $2.6 million) had not been paid over to the plans but were paid subsequent to the end of the year.
(ii)Included in Other benefits are share-based payment transactions. Refer Note 31 for further information.
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10. OTHER OPERATING EXPENSES, NET
For the years ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Changes in provisions(i) | $ | 10.4 | $ | 9.1 | ||||
Recovery of tax recoverables and other assets | (1.3) | (2.1) | ||||||
Gain on discontinuation of the equity method (Note 6) | (10.2) | (21.3) | ||||||
Care and maintenance costs(ii) | 25.6 | 1.2 | ||||||
(Gain)/Loss on sale of other assets | (1.4) | 3.8 | ||||||
Mark-to-market (gain)/loss on deferred share compensation | (0.9) | 10.9 | ||||||
Net mark-to-market loss/(gain) on financial assets and financial liabilities | 0.3 | (6.9) | ||||||
Other expenses(iii) | 14.9 | 19.9 | ||||||
Other operating expenses, net | $ | 37.4 | $ | 14.6 |
(i)Amount represents the recording (reversal) of certain existing provisions based on management's best estimate of the likely outcome.
(ii)Amount relates to care and maintenance expenditures incurred on the Alumbrera facilities component of the MARA project, of which 43.75% are attributable to the non-controlling interests. Yamana has consolidated Alumbrera since the completion of the Agua Rica Integration Transaction (Note 6) on December 17, 2020.
(iii)Other expenses is comprised primarily of contributions to social and infrastructure development causes in jurisdictions where the Company is active, and business and professional transaction costs.
11. OTHER (INCOME) COSTS, NET
For the years ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Finance income | $ | (2.8) | $ | (1.1) | ||||
Net gain on derivatives | — | (1.8) | ||||||
Net foreign exchange (gain) loss | (23.9) | 21.6 | ||||||
Other (income) costs, net | $ | (26.7) | $ | 18.7 |
12. FINANCE COSTS
For the years ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Unwinding of discounts on provisions | $ | 13.9 | $ | 9.0 | ||||
Interest expense on long-term debt | 41.8 | 51.9 | ||||||
Early note redemption premium (Note 28) | 53.3 | — | ||||||
Interest expense on lease liabilities (Note 34) | 6.7 | 3.5 | ||||||
Amortization of deferred financing, bank, financing fees and other finance costs(i) | 18.7 | 12.6 | ||||||
Finance costs | $ | 134.4 | $ | 77.0 |
(i)Included in other finance costs for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 is $4.6 million and $4.5 million, respectively, of non-cash interest expense related to the financing component of deferred revenue contracts.
13. IMPAIRMENT AND REVERSAL OF IMPAIRMENT
In the fourth quarter of 2021, the Company reviewed its cash-generating unit's ("CGUs") for indicators of impairment or impairment reversal and performed the annual impairment test for the Canadian Malartic CGU to which goodwill has been allocated. No indicators of impairment or impairment reversal were identified at any of the Company's CGUs, and no impairment was identified based on the impairment test performed for the Canadian Malartic CGU.
For the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company's net impairment reversal in respect of the following CGUs was as follows:
For the year ended December 31, | 2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
El Peñón | $ | 560.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cerro Moro | (369.0) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net impairment reversal | $ | 191.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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2020 Indicators of Impairment and Impairment Reversal
El Peñón
The Company recorded impairments at the El Peñón mine in 2015 and 2016. The impairment in 2015 was a result of the Company downward adjusting its macroeconomic assumptions, which negatively impacted future estimated cash flows, and the Company's updated view on value beyond mineral reserves and mineral resources. During 2016, the Company determined that the sustainable, long-term optimal production level for the mine was a production expectation of 140,000 ounces of gold and 4,150,000 ounces of silver per annum, which negatively impacted future cash flows.
Following a standout year and solid fourth quarter from El Peñón in 2020, where sustained production and costs were in line with an improved LOM and budget, the mine demonstrated its ability to maintain its current production and cost profile. The Company considered the following factors to be an indicator of reversal of the previous impairment charge:
•Prolonged and sustained high production levels, which have led to significantly higher production for both gold and silver than that envisioned in the mine plan developed in 2016 at the time of rightsizing of the operation. This was the result of both plant improvements to increase throughput, and higher grade ores being mined.
•A sustained reduction in costs benefiting from the higher production and continuous cost reduction initiatives carried out over the past year.
•Significant exploration successes throughout the year, which lead to increased mineral resources for December 31, 2020, which both extended the life of the mine and improved the life of mine models.
The Company concluded that the recoverable amount for the El Peñón CGU, representing the CGU’s FVLCD, exceeded the carrying amount. This resulted in a non-cash accounting reversal of the impairment charges previously recorded in 2015 and 2016 on mineral properties subject to depletion, which was limited to the carrying amount of the El Peñón CGU that would have been determined had no impairment charge been recognized in prior years, net of depletion, depreciation and amortization charges, totalling $560.0 million.
Cerro Moro
During 2020, the Cerro Moro mine experienced lower production at higher than expected unit costs. The following considerations were taken into account while developing the new LOM plan:
•Country-specific matters including the announcement on December 30, 2020 of the change to the export tax in Argentina to 4.3%, and its indefinite extension.
•Expected lower annual production in comparison with prior year guidance and expectations, particularly for 2021.
•A higher cost structure than previously anticipated and consistent with current costs being observed in the operation, which have exceeded those in the Company’s budget and guidance due to general cost pressures, inefficiencies and general operational challenges in relation to COVID-19.
•Delays in reaching previously targeted exploration results and mineral reserve and mineral resource additions. Despite promising recent results in core areas of the mine and newly discovered areas, the Company has been delayed in its goal of increasing mineral reserves and mineral resources in the operation.
Given the decrease in the overall Cerro Moro CGU profitability as identified in the latest LOM plan, the impact of the LOM plan on the value of exploration potential and land interest, and the impact of a reduction in reserves and resources, the Company concluded that these factors represent an indicator of impairment for Cerro Moro as of December 31, 2020. The Company concluded that the recoverable amount for the Cerro Moro CGU, representing the CGU’s FVLCD, was below the carrying amount. In consideration of the above, a non-cash accounting impairment of $369.0 million was recognized.
Impairment Testing: Key Assumptions
The determination of FVLCD, with level 3 input of the fair value hierarchy, includes the following key applicable assumptions:
•Production volumes: In calculating the FVLCD, the production volumes incorporated into the cash flow models based on detailed life of mine plans and take into account development plans for the mines agreed by management as part of the long-term planning process. Production volumes are dependent on a number of variables, such as: the recoverable quantities; the production profile; the cost of the development of the infrastructure necessary to extract the reserves; the production costs; the contractual duration of mining rights; and the selling price of the commodities extracted. As each producing mine has specific reserve characteristics and economic circumstances, the cash flows of the mines are computed using appropriate individual economic models and key assumptions established by management. The production profiles used were consistent with the reserves and resource volumes approved as part of the Company’s process for the estimation of proven and probable reserves, resource estimates and in certain circumstances, include expansion projects. These are then assessed to ensure they are consistent with what a market participant would estimate.
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•Commodity prices: Forecast commodity prices are based on management’s estimates and are derived from forward price curves and long-term views of global supply and demand, building on past experience of the industry and consistent with external sources. Estimated long-term gold, silver and copper prices of $1,550 per ounce (2020: $1,550 per ounce), $20.00 per ounce (2020: $20.00 per ounce) and $3.00 per pound (2020: $3.00 per pound) respectively, have been used to estimate future revenues.
•Discount rates: In calculating the FVLCD, a real post-tax discount rate of 3.50% (2020: 3.50%) based on the Company's weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”). The WACC used in the models is in real terms, consistent with the other assumptions in the models.
•Exchange rates: Foreign exchange rates are estimated with reference to external market forecasts and based on observable market data including spot and forward values. In the current year, there was a depreciation in the long-term rates of the local currencies in which the Company operates.
The Company performed a sensitivity analysis on key assumptions and determined that no reasonably possible change in any of the key assumptions would cause the carrying value of the Canadian Malartic CGU to exceed its recoverable amount.
14. INCOME TAXES
Income Tax Expense (Recovery)
For the years ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Current tax expense (recovery) | ||||||||
Current tax expense in respect of the current year | $ | 146.9 | $ | 119.5 | ||||
Adjustment for prior periods | 11.3 | (4.5) | ||||||
Impact of foreign exchange | (0.3) | 0.1 | ||||||
Interest and penalties | 2.0 | 1.1 | ||||||
$ | 159.8 | $ | 116.2 | |||||
Deferred income tax expense (recovery) | ||||||||
Deferred income tax recovery recognized in the current year | $ | 135.1 | $ | 114.1 | ||||
Adjustment for prior periods | (1.0) | 3.4 | ||||||
Impact of foreign exchange | 1.7 | 52.8 | ||||||
$ | 135.9 | $ | 170.3 | |||||
Net income tax expense | $ | 295.7 | $ | 286.5 |
The following table reconciles income taxes calculated at statutory rates with the income tax expense in the consolidated statements of operations:
For the years ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Earnings before income taxes | $ | 384.5 | $ | 490.1 | ||||
Canadian statutory tax rate (%) | 26.5 | % | 26.5 | % | ||||
Expected income tax expense | 101.9 | 129.9 | ||||||
Impact of higher foreign tax rates(i) | (37.3) | 28.8 | ||||||
Impact of change in enacted tax rates(ii) | 146.9 | 2.8 | ||||||
Permanent differences | (2.6) | 29.4 | ||||||
Change in recognition of deferred tax assets | (16.2) | 53.4 | ||||||
Foreign exchange and other translation amounts | (3.6) | (3.4) | ||||||
Inflation adjustments | 23.0 | (1.3) | ||||||
True-up of tax provisions in respect of prior years | 12.1 | (1.1) | ||||||
Withholding taxes | 7.2 | 8.4 | ||||||
Mining taxes on profit | 58.5 | 28.9 | ||||||
Planned distribution of foreign earnings of the company | 6.5 | 10.1 | ||||||
Other | (0.8) | 0.6 | ||||||
Net income tax expense | $ | 295.7 | $ | 286.5 | ||||
Income tax expense (recovery) is represented by: | ||||||||
Current income tax expense | $ | 159.8 | $ | 116.2 | ||||
Deferred income tax expense | 135.9 | 170.3 | ||||||
Net income tax expense | $ | 295.7 | $ | 286.5 |
Certain of the comparative numbers have been reclassified to conform with the current year presentation.
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(i)The Company operates in multiple foreign tax jurisdictions that have tax rates that differ from the Canadian statutory rate.
(ii)On June 16, 2021, the Argentine government enacted legislation that increased the corporate tax rate from 25% to 35% effective January 1, 2021.
Deferred Income Taxes
The following is the analysis of the deferred income tax assets (liabilities) presented in the consolidated balance sheets:
As at December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
The net deferred income tax assets (liabilities) are classified as follows: | ||||||||
Deferred income tax assets | $ | 96.2 | $ | 98.1 | ||||
Deferred income tax liabilities | (1,364.2) | (1,229.1) | ||||||
$ | (1,268.0) | $ | (1,131.0) | |||||
For the year ended December 31, 2021 | Opening balance | Recognized in profit or loss | Recognized in OCI | Flow-Through Shares | Closing balance | ||||||||||||||||||
Deductible temporary differences | $ | 13.2 | $ | 15.9 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 29.1 | |||||||||||||
Amounts related to tax losses | 114.4 | (58.7) | — | — | 55.7 | ||||||||||||||||||
Financing costs | 61.1 | (46.1) | — | — | 15.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Environmental rehabilitation provision | 41.7 | 19.2 | — | — | 60.9 | ||||||||||||||||||
Derivative liability | 2.4 | (0.4) | 1.9 | — | 3.9 | ||||||||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment | (1,363.0) | (62.6) | — | (4.4) | (1,430.0) | ||||||||||||||||||
Equity securities at FVOCI | (1.8) | (1.1) | 1.5 | — | (1.5) | ||||||||||||||||||
Other | 1.0 | (2.1) | — | — | (1.1) | ||||||||||||||||||
Net deferred income tax liabilities | $ | (1,131.0) | $ | (135.9) | $ | 3.4 | $ | (4.4) | $ | (1,268.0) |
For the year ended December 31, 2020 | Opening balance | Recognized in profit or loss | Recognized in OCI | Closing balance | |||||||||||||||||||
Deductible temporary differences | $ | 11.8 | $ | 1.4 | $ | — | $ | 13.2 | |||||||||||||||
Amounts related to tax losses | 102.6 | 11.8 | — | 114.4 | |||||||||||||||||||
Financing costs | 71.7 | (10.6) | — | 61.1 | |||||||||||||||||||
Environmental rehabilitation provision | 14.1 | 27.6 | — | 41.7 | |||||||||||||||||||
Derivative liability | 0.5 | (0.1) | 2.0 | 2.4 | |||||||||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment | (1,160.1) | (202.9) | — | (1,363.0) | |||||||||||||||||||
Equity securities at FVOCI | — | 0.4 | (2.2) | (1.8) | |||||||||||||||||||
Other | (1.1) | 2.1 | — | 1.0 | |||||||||||||||||||
Net deferred income tax liabilities | $ | (960.5) | $ | (170.3) | $ | (0.2) | $ | (1,131.0) |
Certain of the prior year numbers have been reclassified to conform with the current year presentation.
A deferred income tax asset in the amount of $93.9 million has been recorded in Canada (2020: $95.8 million). The deferred income tax asset consists mainly of unused tax losses and deductible temporary differences which arose primarily from financing costs and general and administrative expenses. Projections of taxable profits from various sources and tax planning were used to support the recognition of the losses. The future projected income could be affected by metal prices and quantities of proven and probable reserves. If these factors or other circumstances change, we would reassess our ability to record the deferred income tax asset relating to the unused tax losses.
Unrecognized Deductible Temporary Differences and Unused Tax Losses
Deferred tax assets have not been recognized in respect of the following items:
As at December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Deductible temporary differences (no expiry) | $ | 59.3 | $ | 71.5 | ||||
Capital losses (no expiry) | 119.4 | 120.2 | ||||||
Operating losses | 135.2 | 101.2 | ||||||
$ | 313.9 | $ | 292.9 |
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Operating losses at December 31, 2021 will expire as follows:
Canada | U.S. | Brazil | Chile | Argentina | Other | Total | |||||||||||||||||
2022 | $ | — | $ | 18.8 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 18.8 | |||||||||
2023 | — | 34.2 | — | — | — | — | $ | 34.2 | |||||||||||||||
2024 | — | 15.0 | — | — | 28.7 | — | $ | 43.7 | |||||||||||||||
2025 | — | 7.3 | — | — | 96.1 | 4.7 | $ | 108.1 | |||||||||||||||
2026 | — | 12.4 | — | — | — | 2.4 | $ | 14.8 | |||||||||||||||
2027 and onwards | 220.6 | 127.4 | — | — | — | 2.8 | $ | 350.9 | |||||||||||||||
Unlimited | 909.7 | 3.3 | 60.6 | 108.0 | — | 0.6 | $ | 1,082.3 | |||||||||||||||
$ | 1,130.4 | $ | 218.4 | $ | 60.6 | $ | 108.0 | $ | 124.8 | $ | 10.5 | $ | 1,652.8 |
Unrecognized Taxable Temporary Differences Associated with Investments and Interests in Subsidiaries
As at December 31, 2021, an aggregate temporary difference of $3.5 billion (2020: $3.2 billion) related to investments in subsidiaries was not recognized because the Company is able to control the timing of the reversal of the temporary difference and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future.
15. EARNINGS PER SHARE
Earnings per share for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 was calculated based on the following:
2021 | 2020 | |||||||
Attributable to Yamana Gold Inc. equity holders | ||||||||
Net earnings | $ | 147.5 | $ | 203.6 |
Earnings per share is based on the weighted average number of common shares of the Company outstanding during the period. The diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution of common share equivalents, such as outstanding share options, in the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period, if dilutive.
The weighted average number of shares used in the calculation of earnings per share for the years ended December 31 was based on the following:
(in thousands of units) | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Weighted average number of common shares - basic | 963,393 | 951,818 | ||||||
Weighted average number of dilutive share options | 15 | 74 | ||||||
Weighted average number of dilutive restricted share units | 1,524 | 1,954 | ||||||
Weighted average number of common shares - diluted | 964,932 | 953,846 | ||||||
The following securities could potentially dilute basic earnings per share in the future, but were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because they were anti-dilutive:
(in thousands of units) | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Potential dilutive securities | ||||||||
Share options | 241 | 182 | ||||||
Restricted share units | 686 | 541 | ||||||
926 | 722 |
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16. SUPPLEMENTARY CASH FLOW INFORMATION
Net Change in Working Capital
For the years ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Net (increase) decrease in: | ||||||||
Trade and other receivables | $ | 6.0 | $ | 3.0 | ||||
Inventories | (12.1) | (21.6) | ||||||
Other assets | 2.8 | (16.8) | ||||||
Net increase (decrease) in: | ||||||||
Trade and other payables | (2.8) | (10.7) | ||||||
Other liabilities | (27.2) | (6.7) | ||||||
Movement in above related to foreign exchange | (9.0) | (18.1) | ||||||
Net change in working capital(i) | $ | (42.3) | $ | (70.9) |
(i)Change in working capital is net of items related to Property, Plant and Equipment.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
As at December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Cash at bank | $ | 523.8 | $ | 485.8 | ||||
Bank short-term deposits | 1.2 | 165.4 | ||||||
Total cash and cash equivalents(i)(ii) | $ | 525.0 | $ | 651.2 |
(i)Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand, cash on deposit with banks, bank term deposits and highly liquid short-term investments with terms of less than 90 days from the date of acquisition.
(ii)The cash and cash equivalents disclosed above and in the consolidated statement of cash flows include $217.3 million (December 31, 2020: $223.1 million) that are held by the MARA Project. These deposits are to be used specifically by the MARA Project and are therefore, not available for general use by the other entities within the consolidated Company.
Other Non-Cash Expenses, net
For the years ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Loss on disposal and write-down of assets | $ | 2.1 | $ | 13.7 | ||||
Amortization of union negotiation bonuses | 11.1 | 11.4 | ||||||
Provision on indirect taxes | (3.4) | (5.9) | ||||||
Other expenses | 10.9 | 9.5 | ||||||
Total non-cash expenses, net | $ | 20.7 | $ | 28.7 |
Changes in Liabilities Arising from Financing Activities
The table below details changes in the Company’s liabilities arising from financing activities. Liabilities arising from financing activities are those for which cash flows were, or future cash flows will be, classified in the Company’s consolidated statement of cash flows as cash flows from financing activities.
2021 | 2020 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Debt | Accrued interest(i) | Lease liabilities | Debt | Accrued interest(i) | Lease liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||||
At January 1, | $ | 993.8 | $ | 4.1 | $ | 35.2 | $ | 1,047.9 | $ | 4.0 | $ | 43.5 | ||||||||||||||
Changes from financing cash flows | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Debt issued | 495.2 | — | — | 200.0 | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||
Debt repayments | (719.0) | — | — | (256.2) | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||
Interest paid | — | (40.5) | (6.7) | — | (51.4) | (3.5) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Payment of lease liabilities | — | — | (19.2) | — | — | (17.1) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Other changes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense | — | 42.7 | 6.7 | — | 51.9 | 3.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Capitalized interest | — | (0.9) | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||
New leases | — | — | 52.2 | — | — | 8.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Other | 2.8 | 0.4 | (4.4) | 2.1 | (0.4) | 0.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||
At December 31, | $ | 772.8 | $ | 5.8 | $ | 63.8 | $ | 993.8 | $ | 4.1 | $ | 35.2 |
(i) Included in Note 25: Trade and Other Payables.
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Non-cash investing and financing activities
Key non-cash investing and financing activities disclosed in other notes are:
•Full or partial settlement of asset acquisition transactions – Note 6
•Full or partial consideration received on disposal transactions – Note 6
•Exchange of non-monetary assets (Agua Rica – Alumbrera Integration transaction) – Note 6
•Dividends satisfied by the issue of shares under the dividend reinvestment plan – Note 30
•Acquisition of right-of-use assets – Note 34
17. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
(a) Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities by Categories
As at December 31, 2021 | Amortized cost | FVOCI - equity instruments | Mandatorily at FVTPL - others | FV - Hedging instruments | Total | ||||||||||||
Financial assets | |||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 525.0 | $ | — | $ | 525.0 | |||||||
Trade and other receivables | 3.0 | — | — | — | 3.0 | ||||||||||||
Convertible loan receivable(ii) | — | — | 10.0 | — | 10.0 | ||||||||||||
Investments in equity securities(i) | — | 74.1 | — | — | 74.1 | ||||||||||||
Warrants | — | — | 1.4 | — | 1.4 | ||||||||||||
Other financial assets | 22.5 | — | — | — | 22.5 | ||||||||||||
Total financial assets | $ | 25.5 | $ | 74.1 | $ | 536.4 | $ | — | $ | 636.0 | |||||||
Financial liabilities | |||||||||||||||||
Total debt | $ | 772.8 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 772.8 | |||||||
Trade and other payables | 274.7 | — | — | — | 274.7 | ||||||||||||
Derivative liabilities - Hedging instruments | — | — | — | 14.5 | 14.5 | ||||||||||||
Derivative liabilities - Non-hedge | — | — | 11.0 | — | 11.0 | ||||||||||||
Other financial liabilities | 172.4 | — | — | — | 172.4 | ||||||||||||
Total financial liabilities | $ | 1,219.9 | $ | — | $ | 11.0 | $ | 14.5 | $ | 1,245.4 |
As at December 31, 2020 | Amortized cost | FVOCI - equity instruments | Mandatorily at FVTPL - others | FV- Hedging instruments | Total | |||||||||||||||
Financial assets | ||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 651.2 | $ | — | $ | 651.2 | ||||||||||
Trade and other receivables | 4.2 | — | — | — | 4.2 | |||||||||||||||
Convertible loan receivable(ii) | — | — | 11.7 | — | 11.7 | |||||||||||||||
Investments in equity securities(i) | — | 68.7 | — | — | 68.7 | |||||||||||||||
Warrants | — | — | 2.5 | — | 2.5 | |||||||||||||||
Derivative assets - Non-hedge | — | — | 0.4 | — | 0.4 | |||||||||||||||
Other financial assets | 19.7 | — | — | — | 19.7 | |||||||||||||||
Total financial assets | $ | 23.9 | $ | 68.7 | $ | 665.8 | $ | — | $ | 758.4 | ||||||||||
Financial liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total debt | $ | 993.8 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 993.8 | ||||||||||
Trade and other payables | 240.4 | — | — | — | 240.4 | |||||||||||||||
Derivative liabilities - Hedging instruments | — | — | — | 9.0 | 9.0 | |||||||||||||||
Derivative liabilities - Non-hedge | — | — | 6.1 | — | 6.1 | |||||||||||||||
Other financial liabilities | 173.4 | — | — | — | 173.4 | |||||||||||||||
Total financial liabilities | $ | 1,407.6 | $ | — | $ | 6.1 | $ | 9.0 | $ | 1,422.7 |
(i)Investments in publicly quoted equity securities that are neither subsidiaries nor associates are categorized as FVOCI pursuant to the irrevocable election available in IFRS 9 for these instruments. The Company’s portfolio of equity securities is primarily focused on the mining sector. These are strategic investments and the Company considers this classification to be more relevant. The balance at December 31, 2020 included the Company's remaining investment in Equinox Gold. During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company disposed of its remaining interest in Equinox Gold for total net proceeds of $51.2 million. As noted above, equity securities in the Company's investment portfolio are considered to be strategic investments. For such investments, the Company's focus is to assess the best path for creation of value for shareholders, which may include monetization of said investments, which was the case in the sale of the Equinox shares. The fair value of the Equinox shares at the date of derecognition was $51.4 million and the Company recorded a cumulative gain of $5.5 million on disposal. The balance at December 31, 2021 includes the Company's investments in Nomad, which was previously accounted for as an investment in an associate, and Ascot. Refer to Note 6 and 20.
(ii)Represents the Deferred Cash Payment receivable from the Nomad transaction. Refer to Note 6.
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(b) Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In assessing the fair value of a particular contract, the market participant would consider the credit risk of the counterparty to the contract. Consequently, when it is appropriate to do so, the Company adjusts its valuation models to incorporate a measure of credit risk.
i) Fair Value Measurements of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities Measured at Fair Value
The Company uses the following hierarchy for determining and disclosing the fair value of financial instruments that are measured at fair value:
Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company can access at the measurement date.
Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly.
Level 3: Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.
The levels in the fair value hierarchy into which the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that are measured and recognized on the consolidated balance sheets at fair value on a recurring basis were categorized as follows:
December 31, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Level 1 input | Level 2 input | Aggregate fair value | Level 1 input | Level 2 input | Aggregate fair value | |||||||||||||||||||||
Assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 525.0 | $ | — | $ | 525.0 | $ | 651.2 | $ | — | $ | 651.2 | ||||||||||||||
Convertible loan receivable | — | 10.0 | 10.0 | — | 11.7 | 11.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Investments in equity securities | 74.1 | — | 74.1 | 68.7 | — | 68.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Warrants | — | 1.4 | 1.4 | — | 2.5 | 2.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative related assets | — | — | — | — | 0.4 | 0.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||
$ | 599.1 | $ | 11.4 | $ | 610.5 | $ | 719.9 | $ | 14.6 | $ | 734.5 | |||||||||||||||
Liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative related liabilities | $ | — | $ | 25.5 | $ | 25.5 | $ | — | $ | 15.1 | $ | 15.1 | ||||||||||||||
$ | — | $ | 25.5 | $ | 25.5 | $ | — | $ | 15.1 | $ | 15.1 |
At December 31, 2021, there were no financial assets and liabilities measured and recognized at fair value on a non-recurring basis.
At December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, there were no financial assets or liabilities measured and recognized on the consolidated balance sheets at fair value that would be categorized as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.
There were no transfers between any levels of the fair value hierarchy during the year ended December 31, 2021.
ii) Valuation Methodologies Used in the Measurement of Fair Value for Level 2 Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities
Warrants and Convertible loan receivable
The fair value of warrants, and the convertible loan receivable are determined using a Black-Scholes model based on relevant assumptions including risk free interest rate, expected dividend yield, expected volatility and expected warrant life which are supported by observable current market conditions.
Derivative assets and liabilities
The fair value of derivative instruments is determined using either present value techniques or option pricing models that utilize a variety of inputs that are a combination of quoted prices and market-corroborated inputs. The Company continues to monitor the potential impact of the recent instability of the financial markets, and will adjust its derivative contracts for credit risk based upon the credit default swap spread for each of the counterparties as warranted.
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iii) Carrying Value versus Fair Value
Set out below is a comparison by class of the carrying amounts and fair value of the Company's financial instruments, other than those whose carrying amounts are a reasonable approximation of fair value:
December 31, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | ||||||||||||||||
Financial instrument classification | Carrying amount | Fair value(i) | Carrying amount | Fair value(i) | |||||||||||||
Debt | |||||||||||||||||
Senior notes | Amortized cost | $ | 775.9 | $ | 797.5 | $ | 996.5 | $ | 989.3 |
(i)The Company's senior notes are accounted for at amortized cost, using the effective interest method. The fair value required to be disclosed is determined using quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets where available, and is otherwise determined by discounting the future cash flows by a discount factor that reflects the Company's own credit risk.
Management assessed that the fair values of trade and other receivables, trade and other payables, and other financial assets and liabilities approximate their carrying amounts, largely due to the short-term maturities of these instruments. Derivative assets and liabilities are already carried at fair value.
(c) Derivative Instruments ("Derivatives")
Summary of derivatives at December 31, 2021
Notional Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||
Average call strike price (per USD) | Average put strike price (per USD) | Remaining term | Cash flow hedge | Non-hedge | Fair value (USD) | |||||||||||||||
Currency contracts | ||||||||||||||||||||
Option contracts | ||||||||||||||||||||
BRL option contracts (millions)(i) | R$5.25 | R$5.71 | January - December 2022 | R$192.0 | — | $ | (1.6) | |||||||||||||
CLP option contracts (billions)(i) | CLP$750.00 | CLP$850.75 | January - December 2022 | CLP62.4 | — | $ | (3.9) | |||||||||||||
Forward contracts | Average FX/USD forward rate | |||||||||||||||||||
BRL forward contracts (millions)(ii) | R$5.4925 | January - December 2022 | R$192.0 | — | $ | (2.1) | ||||||||||||||
CLP forward contracts (billions)(iii) | CLP$798.69 | January - December 2022 | CLP62.4 | — | $ | (6.9) | ||||||||||||||
Other | Per share value (C$) | |||||||||||||||||||
DSU contracts (millions of DSUs)(iv) | $7.26 | January - November 2022 | — | DSU 4.2 | $ | (6.0) |
(i)The Company has designated zero cost collar option contracts as cash flow hedges for its highly probable forecasted BRL and CLP expenditure requirements. The Company has elected to only designate the change in the intrinsic value of options in the hedging relationships. The change in fair value of the time value component of options is recorded in OCI as a cost of hedging. The BRL cash flow hedges are expected to cover approximately. 32% of the BRL denominated forecasted costs from January to December 2022. The CLP cash flow hedges are expected to cover approximately 36% of the CLP denominated forecasted costs from January to December 2022.
(ii)In January 2021, the Company entered into forward contracts totalling BRL 288.0 million (approximately US$54.3 million) split evenly from July 2021 to December 2022 at a weighted average BRL to US Dollar forward rate of BRL 5.4925 per US Dollar. These forward contracts are expected to cover approximately 32% of the BRL denominated forecasted costs from January to December 2022.
(iii)In August 2021, the Company entered into forward contracts totalling CLP62.4 billion (approximately US$79.1 million) split evenly from January to December 2022, at a weighted average CLP to US Dollar forward rate of CLP798.69 per US Dollar. These forward contracts are expected to cover approximately 36% of the CLP denominated forecasted costs from January to December 2022.
(iv)During the fourth quarter of 2020, the Company entered into a derivative contract to mitigate the volatility of its share price on DSU compensation, effectively locking in the exposure of the Company for 4.2 million DSUs (approximately 88% outstanding DSUs at the time) at a value of C$7.26 per share.
As at December 31, 2021, the Company also had derivative liabilities relating to option agreements of $4.7 million.
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Fair Values of Derivatives
Asset derivatives | Liability derivatives | ||||||||||||||||
At as December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | 2021 | 2020 | |||||||||||||
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments | |||||||||||||||||
Currency contracts | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 14.5 | $ | 9.0 | |||||||||
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 14.5 | $ | 9.0 | |||||||||
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments | |||||||||||||||||
Warrants and options contracts | — | — | 5.0 | 6.1 | |||||||||||||
DSU contracts | — | 0.4 | 6.0 | — | |||||||||||||
Total derivatives not designated as hedges | $ | — | $ | 0.4 | $ | 11.0 | $ | 6.1 | |||||||||
Total derivative instruments (Note 20 and Note 26) | $ | — | $ | 0.4 | $ | 25.5 | $ | 15.1 | |||||||||
Cash Flow Hedge Gains (Losses) in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (“AOCI”)
Gain (loss) recognized in cash flow hedge reserve | Gain (loss) reclassified or adjusted from cash flow hedge reserve | |||||||||||||
For the year ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||
Exchange rate risk | ||||||||||||||
Currency option contracts | $ | (11.8) | $ | (24.0) | $ | 9.7 | $ | 16.9 | ||||||
$ | (11.8) | $ | (24.0) | $ | 9.7 | $ | 16.9 | |||||||
Time value of option contracts excluded from hedge relationship | (4.9) | (0.2) | — | — | ||||||||||
$ | (16.7) | $ | (24.2) | $ | 9.7 | $ | 16.9 |
Gains (Losses) on Non-hedge Derivatives
The net gain (loss) on derivatives not designated as hedging instruments was comprised of the following:
For the years ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||||
Realized gains (losses) | ||||||||||||||
DSU contracts | — | 1.8 | ||||||||||||
$ | — | $ | 1.8 | |||||||||||
Unrealized gains (losses) | ||||||||||||||
DSU contracts | (6.5) | (3.4) | ||||||||||||
$ | (6.5) | $ | (3.4) |
18. FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT
Exploration, development and mining of precious metals involve numerous risks as a result of the inherent nature of the business, global economic trends and the influences of local social, political, environmental and economic conditions in the various geographical areas of operation. As such, the Company is subject to several financial and operational risks that could have a significant impact on its profitability, financial instruments and levels of operating cash flows. In particular, financial risks include market risk (including currency risk, commodity price risk and interest rate risk), credit risk, and liquidity risk.
Market Risk
Market risk is the risk that changes in market factors, such as foreign exchange, commodity prices or interest rates will affect the value of the Company's financial instruments. Market risks are managed by either accepting the risk or mitigating it through the use of derivatives and other economic hedges.
(a) Currency Risk
The Company’s sales are predominantly denominated in US Dollars. The Company is primarily exposed to currency fluctuations relative to the US Dollar as a portion of the Company’s operating costs and capital expenditures are denominated in foreign currencies; predominantly the Brazilian Real, the Argentine Peso, the Chilean Peso, and the Canadian Dollar. Monetary assets denominated in foreign currencies are also exposed to foreign currency fluctuations. These potential currency fluctuations could have a significant impact on production costs and affect the Company’s earnings and financial condition. To limit the variability in the Company’s expected operating and capital expenditures denominated in foreign currencies, the Company enters into forward contracts and zero-cost collar option contracts.
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Details of outstanding derivative instruments can be found in Note 17.
The following table outlines the Company's exposure to currency risk and the pre-tax effects on net earnings and other comprehensive income at the end of the reporting period of a 10% change in the foreign currency for the foreign currency denominated monetary items. The sensitivity analysis includes cash and cash equivalents and trade payables. The number below indicates an increase or decrease in net earnings or other comprehensive income where the US Dollar strengthens or weakens by 10% against the relevant foreign currency.
Effect on net earnings, before tax | Effect on other comprehensive income, before tax | |||||||||||||
(On 10% change in US Dollars exchange rate) | 2021 | 2020 | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||
BRL | $ | 0.2 | $ | 0.3 | $ | 0.6 | $ | 1.0 | ||||||
ARS | $ | 1.3 | $ | 0.5 | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||
CAD | $ | 1.3 | $ | 4.2 | $ | 0.1 | $ | 0.1 | ||||||
CLP | $ | 1.6 | $ | 2.3 | $ | 1.3 | $ | 0.1 |
The sensitivity analysis included in the tables above should be used with caution as the results are theoretical, based on management's best assumptions using material and practicable data which may generate results that are not necessarily indicative of future performance. In addition, in deriving this analysis, the Company has made assumptions based on the structure and relationships of variables as at the balance sheet date which may differ due to fluctuations throughout the year with all other variables assumed to remain constant. Actual changes in one variable may contribute to changes in another variable, which may amplify or offset the effect on earnings.
(b) Commodity Price Risk
The Company's profitability and long-term viability depend, in large part, upon the market price of metals that may be produced from the Company's properties, primarily gold, silver and copper. Market price fluctuations of these commodities could adversely affect profitability of operations and lead to impairments of mineral properties. Metal prices fluctuate widely and are affected by numerous factors beyond the Company's control including but not limited to supply and demand, consumption patterns, macroeconomic factors (interest, exchange and inflation), banking and political conditions, and mining specific factors. The Company periodically uses forward contracts to economically hedge against the risk of declining metal prices for a portion of its forecast sales.
There were no derivatives to hedge metal sales outstanding at December 31, 2021 or December 31, 2020.
(c) Interest Rate Risk
Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair values and future cash flows of the Company’s financial instruments will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates. The Company monitors its exposure to interest rates and its exposures with a mix of fixed-and floating-rate debt. As at December 31, 2021, all of the Company’s long-term debt was at fixed rates. The Company's revolving credit facility, which is subject to floating rates of interest, was not drawn at December 31, 2021.
A 10% increase or decrease in the interest earned from financial institutions on deposits held would result in a nominal increase or decrease in the Company’s net earnings. There was no significant change in the Company’s exposure to interest rate risk during the year ended December 31, 2021.
Credit Risk
Credit risk is the risk that a third party might fail to discharge its obligations under the terms of a financial instrument. The Company is exposed to various counterparty risks including, but not limited to: (i) financial institutions that hold the Company’s cash and short-term investments; (ii) companies that have payables to the Company, including bullion customers; (iii) providers of risk management services (including hedging arrangements); (iv) shipping service providers that move the Company’s material; (v) the Company’s insurance providers; (vi) refineries contracted that hold and process the Company's precious metals; and (vii) the Company’s lenders. The Company seeks to limit counterparty risk by entering into business arrangements with high credit-quality counterparties, limiting the amount of exposure to each counterparty and monitoring the financial condition of counterparties. In addition, credit risk is further mitigated in specific cases by maintaining the ability to novate contracts from lower quality credit counterparties to those with higher credit ratings. For cash and cash equivalents and trade and other receivables, credit risk is represented by the carrying amount on the consolidated balance sheets.
Cash and cash equivalents are deposited with highly rated corporations and the credit risk associated with these deposits is low. The Company sells its products to large international financial institutions and other organizations with high credit ratings. Historical levels of receivable defaults and overdue balances over normal credit terms are both negligible, thus the credit risk associated with trade receivables is also considered to be negligible. The assessment of recoverability of trade receivables at December 31, 2021 considered the impacts of COVID-19 and no recoverability issues were identified. For derivatives, the
| 46
Company assumes no credit risk when the fair value of the instruments is negative. When the fair value of the instruments is positive, this is a reasonable measure of credit risk. The Company does not have any assets pledged as collateral.
The Company's maximum credit exposure to credit risk is as follows:
As at December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 525.0 | $ | 651.2 | ||||
Trade and other receivables | 3.0 | 4.2 | ||||||
Derivative assets (Note 17) | — | 0.4 | ||||||
Convertible loan receivable (Note 6) | 10.0 | 11.7 | ||||||
Loans and other receivables | 22.5 | 19.7 | ||||||
$ | 560.5 | $ | 687.2 |
Liquidity Risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that an entity will encounter difficulty in meeting obligations associated with financial liabilities. The Company has in place a rigorous planning, budgeting and forecasting process to help determine the funds required to support the Company’s normal operating requirements on an ongoing basis, its expansionary plans and its dividend distributions. The Company ensures that sufficient committed loan facilities exist to meet its short-term business requirements, taking into account its anticipated cash flows from operations and its holdings of cash and cash equivalents. Details of the undrawn credit facility are included in Note 28.
The following table summarizes the remaining contractual maturities of the Company's significant financial liabilities, shown in contractual undiscounted cash flows.
2021 | 2020 | |||||||||||||||||||
As at December 31, | Within 1 year | 2 - 3 years | 4 - 5 years | Over 5 years | Total | Total | ||||||||||||||
Trade and other payables | $ | 274.7 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 274.7 | $ | 240.4 | ||||||||
Debt repayments | — | — | — | 782.9 | 782.9 | 1,001.8 | ||||||||||||||
Interest payments on debt | 28.7 | 56.4 | 52.5 | 73.4 | 211.0 | 187.3 | ||||||||||||||
Lease liabilities | 27.6 | 37.8 | 8.1 | 12.5 | 86.0 | 54.0 | ||||||||||||||
Derivative liabilities | 23.5 | 2.0 | — | — | 25.5 | 15.1 | ||||||||||||||
Other financial liabilities | 29.9 | 10.8 | 2.4 | 65.5 | 108.6 | 139.2 | ||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 384.4 | $ | 107.0 | $ | 63.0 | $ | 934.3 | $ | 1,488.7 | $ | 1,637.8 |
At December 31, 2021, the Company had letters of credit and guarantees outstanding in the amount of $146.2 million (December 31, 2020: $178.9 million) of which $119.8 million (December 31, 2020: $155.9 million) represented guarantees for reclamation obligations. These letters of credit are automatically extended for one year periods from their expiration dates.
19. INVENTORIES
As at December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Product inventories | $ | 22.9 | $ | 26.6 | ||||
Work in process | 13.0 | 9.9 | ||||||
Ore stockpiles | 189.2 | 168.5 | ||||||
Materials and supplies | 109.4 | 96.5 | ||||||
$ | 334.5 | $ | 301.5 | |||||
Less: non-current ore stockpiles included in other non-current assets (Note 21) | (167.3) | (149.4) | ||||||
$ | 167.2 | $ | 152.1 | |||||
During the year ended December 31, 2021, a charge of $1.6 million (2020: $6.2 million) was recorded within cost of sales excluding depletion, depreciation and amortization to reduce the carrying value of materials and supplies inventories to their net realizable value.
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20. OTHER FINANCIAL ASSETS
As at December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Derivative assets (Note 17) | $ | — | $ | 0.4 | ||||
Loans and other receivables | 22.5 | 19.7 | ||||||
Investments in equity securities and warrants(i)(ii)(iii) | 75.5 | 71.2 | ||||||
Convertible loan receivable(iv) | 10.0 | 11.7 | ||||||
$ | 108.0 | $ | 103.0 | |||||
Current | $ | 27.0 | $ | 14.3 | ||||
Non-current | 81.0 | 88.7 | ||||||
$ | 108.0 | $ | 103.0 |
(i)The balance at December 31, 2020 included the Company's investment in Equinox Gold. During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company disposed of its interest in Equinox Gold for total proceeds of $51.2 million. The balance at December 31, 2021 includes the Company's investments in Nomad Royalty Company, which was previously accounted for as an investment in an associate, and Ascot Resources Ltd. Refer to (ii) below.
(ii)On April 12 2021, pursuant to a private placement offer by Ascot Resources Ltd. ("Ascot") (TSX: AOT), Yamana subscribed for $16.5 million (C$20.6 million) worth of common shares of Ascot at an issue price of C$0.86 per share. The offering closed on April 20, 2021. Upon closing, Yamana held approximately 6.4% of Ascot's basic shares outstanding. Yamana has no right to representation on Ascot's Board of Directors and the investment is accounted for as a financial asset at FVOCI.
(iii)On November 26, 2021, pursuant to a private placement offer by Benchmark Metals Inc. ("Benchmark") (TSX-V: BNCH), Yamana subscribed for 8 million Units at a price of C$1.00 per unit for a total cost of $6.3 million (C$8.0 million). Each Unit consisted of one Benchmark common share and one-half of one transferable common share purchase warrant. Upon closing, Yamana held 3.99% of Benchmark on a non-diluted basis. Yamana has no right to representation on Benchmark's Board of Directors and the investment is accounted for as a financial asset at FVOCI.
(iv)As part of the sale of the Royalty Portfolio in March 2020, the Company received a deferred cash payment that is convertible into shares of Nomad. Refer to Note 6 for further details.
21. OTHER ASSETS
As at December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Non-current portion of ore stockpiles (Note 19)(i) | $ | 167.3 | $ | 149.4 | ||||
Income tax recoverable and installments | 6.9 | 2.8 | ||||||
Tax credits recoverable(ii) | 70.6 | 77.4 | ||||||
Advances, deposits and prepaids | 67.4 | 64.1 | ||||||
Other | 4.1 | 5.0 | ||||||
$ | 316.3 | $ | 298.7 | |||||
Current | $ | 113.3 | $ | 96.1 | ||||
Non-current | 203.0 | 202.6 | ||||||
$ | 316.3 | $ | 298.7 |
(i)Non-current ore stockpiles represent material not scheduled for processing within the next twelve months at the Company's Canadian Malartic and Jacobina mines.
(ii)Tax credits recoverable consist of sales taxes which are recoverable either in the form of a refund from the respective jurisdictions in which the Company operates or against other taxes payable and value-added tax.
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22. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Land, building, plant & equipment | Operating mine mineral interests(iv)(v) | Development projects and Exploration & evaluation | Total | |||||||||||
Cost | ||||||||||||||
At January 1, 2021 | $ | 1,912.4 | $ | 7,294.1 | $ | 3,475.1 | $ | 12,681.5 | ||||||
Additions | 73.1 | 257.7 | 51.6 | 382.4 | ||||||||||
Reclassifications, transfers and other non-cash movements(ii) | 63.3 | (19.2) | 129.0 | 173.1 | ||||||||||
Disposals | (33.0) | (0.1) | (3.5) | (36.6) | ||||||||||
At December 31, 2021 | $ | 2,015.8 | $ | 7,532.5 | $ | 3,652.2 | $ | 13,200.4 | ||||||
Accumulated depletion, depreciation and amortization ("DDA") and impairment | ||||||||||||||
At January 1, 2021 | $ | (1,258.6) | $ | (3,965.3) | $ | (772.7) | $ | (5,996.7) | ||||||
DDA | (123.0) | (333.1) | — | (456.1) | ||||||||||
Disposals | 27.6 | — | — | 27.6 | ||||||||||
At December 31, 2021 | $ | (1,354.0) | $ | (4,298.4) | $ | (772.7) | $ | (6,425.2) | ||||||
Carrying amount, December 31, 2021 | $ | 661.8 | $ | 3,234.1 | $ | 2,879.5 | $ | 6,775.2 | ||||||
Amounts included above as at December 31, 2021 | ||||||||||||||
Assets under construction(i) | $ | 2.2 | $ | 120.5 | $ | 131.1 | $ | 253.8 | ||||||
Assets not being depreciated | $ | — | $ | 690.0 | $ | 2,879.5 | $ | 3,569.5 |
Land, building, plant & equipment | Operating mine mineral interests(iv)(v) | Development projects and Exploration & evaluation | Total | |||||||||||
Cost | ||||||||||||||
At January 1, 2020 | $ | 1,868.9 | $ | 7,066.6 | $ | 2,839.2 | $ | 11,774.6 | ||||||
Additions | 68.7 | 187.4 | 17.8 | 273.9 | ||||||||||
Reclassification, transfers and other non-cash movements(ii) | 19.4 | 40.1 | 681.6 | 741.1 | ||||||||||
Reclassified as held for sale and disposals | (44.6) | — | (63.5) | (108.1) | ||||||||||
At December 31, 2020 | $ | 1,912.4 | $ | 7,294.1 | $ | 3,475.1 | $ | 12,681.5 | ||||||
Accumulated depletion, depreciation and amortization ("DDA") and impairment | ||||||||||||||
At January 1, 2020 | $ | (1,042.6) | $ | (4,006.3) | $ | (772.7) | $ | (5,821.7) | ||||||
DDA | (139.7) | (264.0) | — | (403.7) | ||||||||||
Impairment and impairment reversal(iii) | (114.0) | 305.0 | — | 191.0 | ||||||||||
Disposals | 37.7 | — | — | 37.7 | ||||||||||
At December 31, 2020 | $ | (1,258.6) | $ | (3,965.3) | $ | (772.7) | $ | (5,996.7) | ||||||
Carrying amount, December 31, 2020 | $ | 653.8 | $ | 3,328.8 | $ | 2,702.4 | $ | 6,684.8 | ||||||
Amounts included above as at December 31, 2020 | ||||||||||||||
Assets not being depreciated | $ | — | $ | 655.8 | $ | 2,702.4 | $ | 3,358.2 |
(i)During 2021, the Company capitalized interest of $0.9 million related to qualifying capital expenditures at its Canadian assets under construction at a weighted average capitalization rate of 3.8%. There was no interest capitalized in 2020.
(ii)Reclassifications, transfers and other non-cash movements includes PPE acquired as part of the acquisition of Monarch Gold Corporation, non-cash additions to PPE and changes in the environmental rehabilitation provision as per Note 29. Also includes non-cash additions acquired as part of the MARA transaction in 2020. Refer to Note 6 for additional details.
(iii)During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company recognized an impairment charge totalling $369.0 million related to Cerro Moro and an impairment reversal of $560.0 million related to El Peñón. Refer to Note 13 for additional details.
(iv)At December 31, 2021, $495.1 million of E&E assets related to assets in production were included in operating mine mineral interests (December 31, 2020 - $509.6 million). During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company impaired $15.0 million of such E&E costs at Cerro Moro.
(v)At December 31, 2021, the carrying amount of stripping costs capitalized and included in mining properties was $39.4 million (December 31, 2020: $37.2 million).
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23. GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Goodwill(i) | Other intangible assets(ii) | Total | |||||||||
Cost | |||||||||||
At January 1, 2021 | $ | 403.7 | $ | 85.3 | $ | 489.0 | |||||
Additions | — | 0.2 | 0.2 | ||||||||
At December 31, 2021 | $ | 403.7 | $ | 85.5 | $ | 489.2 | |||||
Accumulated amortization and impairment | |||||||||||
At January 1, 2021 | $ | (45.0) | $ | (47.6) | $ | (92.6) | |||||
Amortization | — | (4.8) | (4.8) | ||||||||
At December 31, 2021 | $ | (45.0) | $ | (52.4) | $ | (97.4) | |||||
Net book value at December 31, 2021 | $ | 358.7 | $ | 33.1 | $ | 391.8 |
Goodwill(i) | Other intangible assets(ii) | Total | |||||||||
Cost | |||||||||||
At January 1, 2020 | $ | 403.7 | $ | 76.0 | $ | 479.7 | |||||
Additions | — | 9.6 | $ | 9.6 | |||||||
Dispositions | — | (0.3) | (0.3) | ||||||||
At December 31, 2020 | $ | 403.7 | $ | 85.3 | $ | 489.0 | |||||
Accumulated amortization and impairment | |||||||||||
At January 1, 2020 | $ | (45.0) | $ | (42.5) | $ | (87.5) | |||||
Amortization | — | (5.1) | (5.1) | ||||||||
At December 31, 2020 | $ | (45.0) | $ | (47.6) | $ | (92.6) | |||||
Net book value at December 31, 2020 | $ | 358.7 | $ | 37.7 | $ | 396.4 | |||||
(i)Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase cost over the fair value of net assets acquired in a business acquisition. On June 16, 2014, the Company acquired a 50% interest in Canadian Malartic. Goodwill of $427.7 million was recognized on the excess of the purchase consideration over the fair value of the assets and liabilities acquired. In March 2018, the Company sold certain jointly owned exploration properties of the Canadian Malartic Corporation, and derecognized $24.0 million of goodwill allocated to the exploration properties.
(ii)Other intangible assets primarily comprise capitalized system development costs.
24. INVESTMENTS IN ASSOCIATES
The Company had no investments in associates as at December 31, 2021. Details of the Company's investments in associates during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:
Leagold Mining Corporation
On January 1, 2020, Yamana held approximately 20% of Leagold Mining Corporation ("Leagold"). On March 10, 2020 Leagold completed a merger transaction with Equinox Gold Corp., which resulted in Yamana owning approximately 9% of the combined company. Yamana concluded that, as a result of its reduced shareholding, it no longer had significant influence in the investee, and therefore, discontinued accounting for the investment using the equity method from the date of the completion of the merger. Refer to Note 6 for further details on the merger transaction.
The following table summarizes the change in the carrying amount of the Company's investment in Leagold:
2020 | ||||||||
Balance as at January 1 | $ | 120.3 | ||||||
Company's share of net loss of Leagold | (4.1) | |||||||
Company's share of other comprehensive loss of Leagold | (1.6) | |||||||
Derecognition of investment in Leagold upon discontinuation of the equity method (Note 6) | (114.6) | |||||||
Balance as at December 31 | $ | — | ||||||
Summarized financial information in respect of the Company’s investment in Leagold is set out below. The summarized financial information includes the results of Leagold for the period from January 1 to March 10, 2020, because Yamana ceased to have significant influence in the investee as of March 10, 2020.
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Summarized Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive (loss) Income Information
For the year ended December 31, | 2020 | |||||||
Net loss | $ | (20.0) | ||||||
Other comprehensive loss | (8.1) | |||||||
Total comprehensive loss | $ | (28.1) | ||||||
Immaterial Associates
The Company acquired interests in two individually immaterial associates during the year ended December 31, 2020 (Nomad Royalty Company and Monarch Gold Corporation). The Company acquired its interest in both of these associates as the result of transactions entered into by the Company. The Company's interest in both associates was below 20%; however, the Company determined that it had significant influence because it had representation on the boards of both investees.
During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company ceased accounting for both investments as investments in associates. In January 2021 the Company acquired all of the remaining shares of Monarch Gold that it did not already own and began accounting for Monarch Gold as a subsidiary. During the second quarter of 2021, Yamana concluded that it ceased to have significant influence over Nomad due to no longer having representation on Nomad's board of directors, and therefore, discontinued accounting for the investment using the equity method. Refer to Note 6 for further details.
The following table analyzes, in aggregate, the carrying amount and share of net earnings of these associates.
2021 | 2020 | |||||||
Aggregate carrying amount of individually immaterial associates | $ | — | $ | 34.3 | ||||
Aggregate amounts of the Company's share of: | ||||||||
Net earnings | $ | 0.9 | $ | 3.1 | ||||
25. TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES
As at December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Trade payables | $ | 173.1 | $ | 154.2 | ||||
Other payables(i) | 101.6 | 86.2 | ||||||
$ | 274.7 | $ | 240.4 |
(i)Other payables include dividends, salaries, bonuses, pension, and interest payable, among other accruals.
26. OTHER FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
As at December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Lease liabilities (Note 34) | $ | 63.8 | $ | 35.2 | ||||
Royalty payable | 12.0 | 16.5 | ||||||
Severance accrual | 38.5 | 39.7 | ||||||
Deferred share units/performance share units liability (Note 31) | 25.1 | 38.4 | ||||||
Accounts receivable and value added tax financing credit(i) | 10.0 | 27.6 | ||||||
Derivative liabilities (Note 17) | 25.5 | 15.1 | ||||||
Other | 23.0 | 16.0 | ||||||
$ | 197.9 | $ | 188.5 | |||||
Current | $ | 76.0 | $ | 78.8 | ||||
Non-current | 121.9 | 109.7 | ||||||
$ | 197.9 | $ | 188.5 |
(i)Accounts receivable and value added tax ("VAT") financing credits are payable within 30 days from the receipt of proceeds on doré sales, or payable in the month of approval of the VAT credit, respectively.
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27. OTHER PROVISIONS AND LIABILITIES
As at December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Other taxes payable | $ | 17.4 | $ | 19.7 | ||||
Provision for repatriation taxes payable(i) | 14.8 | 18.5 | ||||||
Provision for taxes | 18.4 | 3.9 | ||||||
Deferred revenue on metal streaming arrangement(ii) | 64.2 | 77.6 | ||||||
Other provisions and liabilities(iii) | 64.9 | 70.5 | ||||||
$ | 179.6 | $ | 190.2 | |||||
Current | $ | 57.7 | $ | 77.6 | ||||
Non-current | 121.9 | 112.6 | ||||||
$ | 179.6 | $ | 190.2 |
(i)The Company is subject to additional taxes in Chile on the repatriation of profits to its foreign shareholders. Total taxes in the amount of $14.8 million (2020: $18.5 million) have been accrued on the assumption that the profits will be repatriated.
(ii)On October 27, 2015 the Company entered into three metal streaming agreements with Sandstorm pursuant to which, the Company received advanced consideration of $170.4 million against future deliveries of silver production from Cerro Moro, Minera Florida and Chapada, copper production from Chapada, and gold production from Agua Rica. The advanced consideration is accounted for as deferred revenue, with revenue recognized when the metals are delivered to the counterparty. The liabilities associated with the deferred revenue balances referenced to production from the Chapada mine were derecognized as part of the sale of the Chapada mine in July 2019. The following table summarizes the changes in deferred revenue from the metal streaming arrangements during 2021:
2021 | ||||||||
As at December 31, 2020 | $ | 77.6 | ||||||
Recognition of revenue during the year net of interest accretion | (11.9) | |||||||
Variable consideration adjustment | (1.5) | |||||||
$ | 64.2 | |||||||
Current portion | $ | 12.6 | ||||||
Non-current portion | 51.6 | |||||||
As at December 31, 2021 | $ | 64.2 |
(iii)Other provisions and liabilities include the current portion of environmental rehabilitation provisions, and other contingent provisions.
28. LONG-TERM DEBT AND CREDIT FACILITY
As at December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Senior notes | ||||||||
$500 million notes issued August 2021 | ||||||||
2.63% 10-year notes due August 2031 | $ | 495.1 | $ | — | ||||
$300 million notes issued December 2017 | ||||||||
4.625% 10-year notes due December 2027 | 280.8 | 280.4 | ||||||
$500 million notes issued June 2014 | ||||||||
4.95% 10-year notes due July 2024 | — | 149.8 | ||||||
$300 million notes issued June 2013 | ||||||||
Series B - 4.78% 10-year notes due June 2023 ($265 million) | — | 240.4 | ||||||
$500 million notes issued March 2012 | ||||||||
Series C - 4.76% 10-year notes due March 2022 ($200 million) | — | 190.5 | ||||||
Series D - 4.91% 12-year notes due March 2024 ($140 million) | — | 135.4 | ||||||
$ | 775.9 | $ | 996.5 | |||||
Revolving credit facility | ||||||||
Revolving credit facility (net of capitalized debt issuance costs) | (3.1) | (2.7) | ||||||
Total debt(i) | $ | 772.8 | $ | 993.8 | ||||
(i)Balances are net of unamortized discounts and capitalized transaction costs of $10.0 million (2020: $8.0 million).
Senior Notes
The Company's senior notes are unsecured and interest is payable semi-annually. Each series of senior notes is redeemable, in whole or in part, at the Company's option, at any time prior to maturity, subject to make-whole provisions. The senior notes are accreted to the face value over their respective terms.
During the third quarter of 2021, the Company completed the offering of $500 million, 10-year 2.63% unsecured senior notes ("Senior 2031 Notes"). The Company used the proceeds from the issuance of the Senior 2031 Notes, together with available
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cash on hand, to redeem all outstanding senior notes due in 2022, 2023, and 2024. The Company paid an early redemption premium of $53.3 million on the early redemption of these series of senior notes.
The Company's next repayment on the senior notes is now due December 2027.
Revolving Credit Facility
During the third quarter of 2021, the Company extended the term of the revolving credit facility ("the Facility") from July 2024 to August 2026, under existing terms and conditions. The maximum amount available under the Facility remains at $750.0 million. The Facility is unsecured and has an interest rate on drawn amounts of LIBOR plus an interest margin of between 1.20% and 2.25% depending on the Company's credit rating, and a commitment fee of between 0.24% and 0.45% depending on the Company's credit rating. The Facility is currently undrawn.
Covenants
The senior notes and revolving credit facility are subject to various financial and general covenants. The principal covenants are maximum net total debt (debt less cash) to tangible net worth of 0.75; and leverage ratio (net total debt/EBITDA) to be less than or equal to 3.5:1. The Company was in compliance with all covenants as at December 31, 2021.
29. ENVIRONMENTAL REHABILITATION PROVISION
The Company incurs environmental rehabilitation liabilities relating to its operating and closed mines and development projects. Significant rehabilitation activities include land rehabilitation, demolition of buildings and mine facilities, and ongoing care and maintenance and monitoring.
The Company estimates future rehabilitation costs based on the level of current mining activity and estimates of costs required to fulfill the Company’s future obligations. Changes in environmental rehabilitation provision estimates during the year reflect changes in cash flow estimates as well as assumptions including discount and inflation rates.
At December 31, 2021, the present value of the environmental rehabilitation provision relating to the Company's mining properties was estimated at $377.2 million (December 31, 2020: $392.7 million) using discount rates ranging between 0.37% and 131.96% (December 31, 2020: 0.08% and 52.76%). The undiscounted value of these liabilities was $547.0 million (December 31, 2020: $527.1 million).
The following table reconciles the beginning and ending carrying amounts of the Company's environmental rehabilitation provision. The majority of the expenditures are expected to take place over the next 100 years. Certain obligations related to post closure monitoring and maintenance at the Company's Chilean mines are expected to continue in perpetuity.
2021 | 2020 | |||||||
Balance, beginning of year | $ | 392.7 | $ | 220.4 | ||||
Environmental rehabilitation provisions acquired during the year (Note 6) | 3.0 | 85.7 | ||||||
Accretion expense included in finance costs | 13.9 | 9.0 | ||||||
Revisions in estimates and obligations | 6.0 | 82.4 | ||||||
Expenditures during the current year | (16.2) | (3.2) | ||||||
Foreign exchange impact | (20.7) | (1.6) | ||||||
Environmental rehabilitation provisions disposed of during the year | (1.5) | — | ||||||
Balance, end of year | $ | 377.2 | $ | 392.7 | ||||
Current(i) | $ | 24.3 | $ | 29.2 | ||||
Non-current | 352.9 | 363.5 | ||||||
$ | 377.2 | $ | 392.7 |
(i)The current portion of the environmental rehabilitation provision is included in the current portion of Other Provisions and Liabilities. Refer to Note 27.
Regulatory authorities in certain jurisdictions require that security be provided to cover the estimated environmental rehabilitation obligations. As at December 31, 2021, the Company had outstanding letters of credit in the amount of $71.4 million (C$90.5 million) (December 31, 2020: $66.4 million (C$84.6 million)) representing guarantees for reclamation obligations and road construction relating to the Company's share of mining interest in Canadian Malartic, and $34.1 million (December 31, 2020: $20.1 million) and $13.6 million (December 31, 2020: $13.7 million) representing guarantees for reclamation obligations relating to the Company's Chilean mines and US properties, respectively. These letters of credit are automatically extended for one year periods from their expiration dates. The Company's MARA Project also had outstanding bank guarantees for reclamation obligations totalling $55.6 million as at December 31, 2020, for which an equivalent amount of cash collateral had been posted at the time.one
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30. SHARE CAPITAL
Common Shares Issued and Outstanding
The Company is authorized to issue an unlimited number of common shares at no par value and a maximum of eight million first preference shares. There were no first preference shares issued or outstanding as at December 31, 2021 (2020: nil).
For the years ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||||
Number of common shares | Number of common shares | |||||||||||||
Issued and outstanding - 959,805,965 common shares | Amount | Amount | ||||||||||||
(December 31, 2020 - 952,620,947 common shares): | (In thousands) | (In millions) | (In thousands) | (In millions) | ||||||||||
Balance, beginning of year | 952,621 | $ | 7,648.9 | 950,435 | $ | 7,639.9 | ||||||||
Issued on vesting of restricted share units | 1,353 | 4.5 | 1,100 | 3.4 | ||||||||||
Dividend reinvestment plan | 147 | 0.7 | 70 | 0.5 | ||||||||||
Issued as consideration in Monarch acquisition (Note 6) | 11,608 | 61.2 | — | — | ||||||||||
Issued as consideration in acquisition of exploration properties (Note 6) | 706 | 3.1 | — | — | ||||||||||
Exercise of warrants | 44 | 0.1 | — | — | ||||||||||
Exercise of options and share appreciation rights | — | — | 167 | 0.9 | ||||||||||
Issuance of flow-through shares(i) | — | — | 1,000 | 5.3 | ||||||||||
Acquisition of own shares, share cancellations and other adjustments(ii) (iii) | (6,673) | (28.6) | (151) | (1.1) | ||||||||||
Balance, end of year | 959,806 | $ | 7,689.9 | 952,621 | $ | 7,648.9 |
(i)On July 3, 2020, the Company closed a flow-through financing for proceeds of $7.4 million (C$10.0 million) consisting of the issue and sale of 1,000,000 flow-through common shares at a price of C$10.00 per share. The proceeds were allocated between the offering of shares and the sale of tax benefits. The allocation was made based on the difference between the quoted price of the shares and the amount the investors paid for the shares, with a deferred flow-through premium liability recognized for the difference. Accordingly, the Company recorded share capital of $5.3 million (C$7.2 million) and a deferred flow-through premium liability of $2.0 million (C$2.7 million). During the first quarter of 2021, the company fulfilled its obligation and derecognized the liability.
(ii)Under the Company's normal-course issuer bid ("NCIB"), the Company is able to purchase up to 48,321,676 of its common shares no later than August 3, 2022. During the year of 2021, the Company purchased 6,672,628 of its common shares under the NCIB, which were subsequently cancelled.
(iii)Prior year includes the cancellation of 150,456 common shares that were not exchanged by holders of Osisko common shares pursuant to the terms of the Plan of Arrangement related to the acquisition of the Canadian Malartic mine in 2014. Holders of Osisko common shares were to exchange their shares for common shares of Yamana within a time period of six years following the closing of the transaction. As certain Osisko shareholders failed to surrender their certificates representing Osisko common shares by June 16, 2020, non-certificated positions representing 150,456 Yamana common shares were cancelled during the third quarter of 2020.
Dividends Paid and Declared
For the years ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Dividends paid | $ | 104.8 | $ | 53.0 | ||||
Dividends declared in respect of the year | $ | 108.6 | $ | 69.1 | ||||
Dividend paid (per share) | $ | 0.109 | $ | 0.056 | ||||
Dividend declared in respect of the year (per share) | $ | 0.113 | $ | 0.072 |
The Company's dividend reinvestment plan resulted in $0.7 million (2020: $0.5 million) being reinvested into the Company.
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31. SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS
The total expense relating to share-based payments includes accrued compensation expense related to plans granted in the current period, plans granted in the prior period and adjustments to compensation associated with mark-to-market adjustments on cash-settled plans, as follows:
For the years ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Expense related to equity-settled compensation plans | $ | 5.0 | $ | 4.4 | ||||
Expense related to cash-settled compensation plans | (1.8) | 27.1 | ||||||
Total expense recognized as compensation expense | $ | 3.2 | $ | 31.5 | ||||
As at December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Total carrying amount of liabilities for cash-settled arrangements (Note 26) | $ | 25.1 | $ | 38.4 |
The following table summarizes the equity instruments outstanding related to share-based payments.
As at December 31, (In thousands) | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Share options outstanding(i)(ii)(iii) | 256 | 256 | ||||||
Restricted share units ("RSU")(iv) | 2,210 | 2,494 | ||||||
Deferred share units ("DSU")(v)(vi) | 5,061 | 4,751 | ||||||
Performance share units ("PSU")(vii) | 2,020 | 2,119 |
(i)The aggregate maximum number of common shares that may be reserved for issuance under the Company's Share Incentive Plan is 24.9 million (2020: 24.9 million).
(ii)As at December 31, 2021, 256,348 share options with a weighted average exercise price of C$5.30 were outstanding and exercisable (December 31, 2020: 256,348 share options with a weighted exercise price of C$5.30 outstanding and exercisable).
(iii)During the year ended December 31, 2021, no share options were granted, excised or expired.
(iv)During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company granted 1,078,361 RSUs with a weighted average grant date fair value of C$6.38 per RSU; a total of 1,352,628 RSUs vested and the Company credited $4.5 million (2020: $3.4 million) to share capital in respect of RSUs that vested during the year. There were a total of 10,095 RSUs cancelled during the year ended December 31, 2021.
(v)During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company granted 309,858 DSUs and recorded an expense of $1.4 million, and no DSUs were settled.
(vi)During the fourth quarter of 2020, the Company entered into a derivative contract to mitigate the volatility of share price on DSU compensation, effectively locking in the exposure of the Company for 4.2 million DSUs (approximately 88% of outstanding DSUs at the time) at a value of C7.26 per share. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company recorded a mark-to-market gain on DSUs of $7.4 million and a mark-to-market loss on the DSU hedge of $6.5 million.
(vii)During the year ended December 31, 2021, 981,698 PSU units were granted with an expiry date of December 11, 2023 and a fair value of C$3.55 per unit at December 31, 2021. There were payouts of 1,080,433 PSU units and no cancellations of PSU units during the year ended December 31, 2021.
32. NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS
As at December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Agua De La Falda S.A.(i) | $ | 18.7 | $ | 18.7 | ||||
Estelar Resources S.A.(ii) | 16.0 | 16.0 | ||||||
Minera Agua Rica Alumbrera Ltd.(iii) | 751.1 | 791.3 | ||||||
Minera Cavancha SpA(iv) | 21.5 | — | ||||||
$ | 807.3 | $ | 826.0 |
(i)The Company holds a 56.7% interest in the Agua De La Falda ("ADLF") project along with Corporación Nacional del Cobre de Chile ("Codelco"). The ADLF project is an exploration project that includes the Jeronimo Deposit and is located in northern Chile.
(ii)During the second quarter of 2018, the Company entered into an arrangement with Fomento Minero de Santa Cruz S.E. ("FOMICRUZ") pursuant to which, FOMICRUZ is entitled to certain subordinated shares in the legal entity that directly owns the Cerro Moro mine, Estelar Resources S.A. These subordinated shares entitle FOMICRUZ to a 5% interest in future dividends after the Company's investment in Cerro Moro, which includes construction and development along with acquisition costs, has been recovered in full. As part of the arrangement and as further consideration to the Company, the right to use the land related to the Bahía Laura properties, a significant land package to the west and south west of Cerro Moro, was obtained at an approximate value of $16.0 million.
(iii)On December 17, 2020, the Company, along with partners Glencore and Newmont, completed the integration of the Agua Rica project with the Alumbrera plant and infrastructure, pursuant to which, Yamana relinquished a non-controlling interest in Agua Rica for an increased interest in Alumbrera. Upon completion of the integration transaction, Yamana owned 56.25%, with Glencore and Newmont owning 25.00% and 18.75%, respectively, of Minera Agua Rica Alumbrera Ltd., the legal entity that indirectly holds the integrated MARA project. The following table summarizes the information relating to the MARA subsidiary, before any intra-group eliminations:
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As at December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Current assets | $ | 237.4 | $ | 241.9 | ||||
Non-current assets | 1,897.4 | 1,867.7 | ||||||
Current liabilities | 26.8 | 45.8 | ||||||
Non-current liabilities | 522.5 | 383.3 | ||||||
Net assets | $ | 1,585.5 | $ | 1,680.5 | ||||
Net assets attributable to NCI | $ | 693.7 | $ | 735.2 | ||||
For the year ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020* | ||||||
Net loss and comprehensive loss | $ | (134.2) | $ | — | ||||
Net loss and comprehensive loss allocated to NCI | $ | (58.7) | $ | — | ||||
* Net loss (and therefore, net loss attributable to non-controlling interests) and cash flows for the 14 day period between completion of the integration transaction and December 31, 2020 were negligible.
Key cash flows related to MARA during the year ended December 31, 2021 were net outflows of $12.7 million related to care and maintenance costs and servicing of environmental rehabilitation provisions, net outflows of $25.6 million related to capital expenditures, and net inflows of $42.4 million related to contributions from shareholders.
(iv) In December 2018, the Company entered into an Option Agreement with Mineros, with respect to the Company's wholly-owned La Pepa gold project. The Option Agreement granted Mineros the right and option to acquire up to a 51% interest in Minera Cavancha SpA, the legal entity that directly holds the La Pepa project. During 2021, Mineros exercised the first option in the Option Agreement, and was issued shares representing a 20% interest in Minera Cavancha SpA. Refer to Note 6 for further details.
33. CAPITAL MANAGEMENT
The Company’s objectives in managing capital are to ensure sufficient liquidity to pursue its strategy of organic growth combined with strategic acquisitions, to ensure the externally imposed capital requirements relating to its long-term debt are being met, and to provide returns to its shareholders. The Company defines capital that it manages as net worth, which is comprised of total shareholders’ equity and debt obligations (net of cash and cash equivalents). Refer to Notes 30 and 28, respectively, for a quantitative summary of these items.
The Company manages its capital structure and makes adjustments to it in light of general economic conditions, the risk characteristics of the underlying assets and the Company’s working capital requirements. In order to maintain or adjust its capital structure, the Company, upon approval from its Board of Directors, may issue shares, pay dividends, or undertake other activities as deemed appropriate under the specific circumstances. The Board of Directors reviews and approves any material transactions out of the ordinary course of business, including proposals on acquisitions or other major investments or divestitures, as well as capital and operating budgets. The Company has not made any changes to its policies and processes for managing capital during the year.
34. LEASES
A significant proportion of the Company’s lease arrangements, by value, relate to equipment and vehicles used at the Company's mine sites. Other leases include offices and various IT equipment. The majority of lease terms are negotiated through the Company’s procurement function, although agreements contain a wide range of different terms and conditions. Information about leases for which the Company is a lessee is presented below.
(a) Right-of-use assets
Buildings | Vehicles | Machinery and Equipment | Total | |||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2020 | $ | 13.4 | $ | 5.4 | $ | 14.1 | $ | 32.9 | ||||||
Additions | 2.0 | 12.2 | 38.0 | 52.2 | ||||||||||
Depreciation charge for the year | (2.6) | (5.6) | (14.4) | (22.6) | ||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2021 | $ | 12.8 | $ | 12.0 | $ | 37.7 | $ | 62.5 | ||||||
Buildings | Vehicles | Machinery and Equipment | Total | |||||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2020 | $ | 7.1 | $ | 13.5 | $ | 22.7 | $ | 43.3 | ||||||
Additions | 7.6 | 2.2 | 0.6 | 10.4 | ||||||||||
Depreciation charge for the year | (1.3) | (10.3) | (9.2) | (20.8) | ||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2020 | $ | 13.4 | $ | 5.4 | $ | 14.1 | $ | 32.9 |
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(b) Lease liabilities
2021 | 2020 | |||||||
Maturity analysis - contractual undiscounted cash flows | ||||||||
Less than one year | $ | 27.6 | $ | 11.7 | ||||
Two to three years | 37.8 | 17.4 | ||||||
Four to five years | 8.1 | 9.7 | ||||||
More than five years | 12.5 | 15.2 | ||||||
Total undiscounted lease liabilities at December 31 | $ | 86.0 | $ | 54.0 | ||||
Lease liabilities included in the balance sheet at December 31 (Note 26) | $ | 63.8 | $ | 35.2 | ||||
Current | $ | 22.6 | $ | 12.9 | ||||
Non-current | $ | 41.2 | $ | 22.3 |
(c) Amounts recognized in net earnings
2021 | 2020 | |||||||
Depreciation expense on right-of-use assets | $ | 22.6 | $ | 20.8 | ||||
Interest expense on lease liabilities (Note 12) | $ | 6.7 | $ | 3.5 | ||||
Variable lease payments not included in the measurement of lease liabilities(i) | $ | 86.0 | $ | 61.2 | ||||
Expenses relating to short-term leases | $ | 21.8 | $ | 13.7 | ||||
Expenses relating to leases of low value assets, excluding short-term leases of low value assets | $ | 0.9 | $ | 0.9 |
(i)Certain of the equipment leases in which the Company is the lessee contain variable lease payment terms that are linked to the usage of the equipment (i.e. tonnes mined), either for the contract as a whole or only when a fixed minimum is exceeded. Variable payment terms are used to link rental payments to usage and reduce fixed costs. The Company expects the level of variable lease payments to remain broadly consistent in future years.
(d) Amounts recognized in the consolidated statement of cash flows
For the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company had total cash outflows for leases of $134.6 million (2020: $96.4 million).
35. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
In addition to entering into various operational commitments in the normal course of business, the Company had commitments of approximately $34.5 million at December 31, 2021 (December 31, 2020: $8.7 million) for construction activities at its sites and projects.
36. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Related Parties and Transactions
The Company’s related parties include its subsidiaries, associates, joint arrangement in which the Company is a joint operator, and key management personnel. During its normal course of operations, the Company enters into transactions with its related parties for goods and services. Transactions between the Company and its subsidiaries, which are related parties of the Company, have been eliminated on consolidation and are not disclosed in this note. There were no other related party transactions for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.
Compensation of Key Management Personnel
Key management personnel compensation comprises:
For the years ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
Short-term employee benefits(i) | $ | 14.8 | $ | 14.5 | ||||
Post-employment benefits | 2.0 | 1.9 | ||||||
Share-based payment expense(ii) | 3.3 | 17.5 | ||||||
$ | 20.0 | $ | 33.9 |
(i)Short-term employee benefits include salaries, bonuses payable within 12 months of the balance sheet date and other annual employee benefits.
(ii)Relates to share option, RSU, DSU and PSU grants. Balances exclude the periodic fair value adjustment on the DSUs.
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