Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | |
Use of Estimates | |
Use of Estimates |
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The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the US (US GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported financial position at the date of the financial statements and the reported results of operations during the reporting period. Such estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. |
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Cash Equivalents | |
Cash Equivalents |
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Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid instruments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less. At December 31, 2014 and 2013, cash equivalents consist of deposits in financial institutions. The Company maintains its cash deposits and cash equivalents with well-known and stable financial institutions. |
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Concentration of Credit Risk | |
Concentration of Credit Risk |
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Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash equivalents. The Company invests its excess cash in major U.S. banks and financial institutions, and its deposits, at times, exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses from credit risks. |
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Investments | |
Investments |
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The Company’s investments are considered to be available-for-sale and are carried at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses, if any, are reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity (deficit) and are not reflected in the statements of operations until a sale transaction occurs or when declines in fair value are deemed to be other-than-temporary (“OTT”). The cost of investments classified as available-for-sale are adjusted for the amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts to maturity and recorded in other expense and other income, respectively. Realized gains and losses, if any, are determined using the specific identification method and are included in other income and other expense, respectively. Investments with original maturities beyond 90 days at the date of purchase and which mature at, or less than twelve months from, the balance sheet date are classified as current. Investments with a maturity beyond twelve months from the balance sheet date are classified as long-term. |
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Fair Value of Financial Instruments | |
Fair Value of Financial Instruments |
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The Company’s financial instruments consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, investments, other current assets, accounts payable and accrued liabilities. Cash and cash equivalents, and long-term investments are carried at fair value (see Note 6). Financial instruments including other current assets, accounts payable and accrued liabilities are carried at cost, which approximate fair value given their short-term nature. |
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Other-Than-Temporary Impairment Losses on Investments | |
Other-Than-Temporary Impairment Losses on Investments |
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The Company regularly monitors its available-for-sale portfolio to evaluate the necessity of recording impairment losses for OTT declines in the fair value of investments. Management makes this determination through the consideration of various factors such as management’s intent and ability to retain an investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in market value. OTT impairment losses result in a permanent reduction of the cost basis of an investment. For the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 the Company did not realize any investment losses due to OTT declines in fair value. |
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Furniture and Fixtures | |
Furniture and Fixtures |
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Furniture and fixtures are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is provided over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets, which is three years, using the straight-line method. |
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Impairment of Long-Lived Assets | |
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets |
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The Company reviews long-lived assets, (the Company’s furniture and fixtures), for impairment whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be fully recoverable. An impairment loss would be recognized when estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition are less than its carrying amount. The impairment loss, if recognized, would be based on the excess of the carrying value of the impaired asset over its respective fair value. The Company purchased fixed assets during 2013. For the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 the Company did not realize any impairment losses. |
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Grant Revenue Recognition | |
Grant Revenue Recognition |
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The Company has not yet generated any revenue from product sales. The Company’s sole source of revenue is grant revenue related to a $1.0 million research grant received from the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society in October 2013 and an additional $0.5 million that was received during the fourth quarter of 2014 based upon an additional milestone achieved. This research grant was awarded to the Company to support funding some of the costs for the upcoming SL-401 clinical trials. Grant payments received prior to the Company’s performance of work required by the terms of the research grant are recorded as deferred revenue and recognized as grant revenue once work is performed and qualifying costs are incurred. The Company has recognized approximately $0.3 million and $0.1 million of revenue related to the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society grant for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, which reflect twelve months and three months of revenue recognized, respectively, on a straight line basis, based on the Company’s best estimates of the timing of work to be performed and qualifying costs incurred. |
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Accrued Clinical Development Costs | |
Accrued Clinical Development Costs |
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Outside research costs are a component of research and development expense. These expenses include fees paid to contract research organizations and other service providers that conduct certain clinical and product development activities on behalf of the Company. Depending upon the timing of payments to the service providers, the Company recognizes prepaid expenses or accrued expenses related to these costs. These accrued or prepaid expenses are based on management’s estimates of the work performed under service agreements, milestones achieved and experience with similar contracts. The Company monitors each of these factors and adjusts estimates accordingly. |
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Research and Development Costs | |
Research and Development Costs |
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Research and development costs are comprised primarily of costs for personnel, including salaries and benefits; clinical studies adminstered by third parties and managed by Stemline personnel; materials and supplies to support the Company’s clinical programs; contracted research; manufacturing; related consulting arrangements; costs related to upfront and milestone payments under license agreements; and other expenses incurred to sustain the Company’s overall research and development programs. Internal research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Third-party research and development costs are expensed as the contracted work is performed. In certain circumstances, the Company is required to make advance payments to vendors for goods or services that will be received in the future for use in research and development activities. In such circumstances, the advance payments are deferred and are expensed when activities have been performed or when the goods have been received. |
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Income Taxes | |
Income Taxes |
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Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and the respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. |
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The asset and liability method requires that deferred tax assets and liabilities be recorded without consideration as to their realizability. The deferred tax asset primarily includes net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards, accrued expenses not currently deductible and the cumulative temporary differences related to certain research and patent costs, which have been charged to expense in the accompanying statements of operations but have been recorded as assets for income tax purposes. The portion of any deferred tax asset for which it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized must then be offset by recording a valuation allowance. A valuation allowance has been established against all of the deferred tax assets (see Note 12), as it is more likely than not that these assets will not be realized given the history of operating losses. |
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The Company recognizes the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination based on the technical merits of the position. The amount of the accrual for which an exposure exists is measured as the largest amount of benefit determined on a cumulative probability basis that the Company believes is more likely than not to be realized upon ultimate settlement of the position. |
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Stock-Based Compensation | |
Stock-Based Compensation |
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The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with the provisions of ASC 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation. Accordingly, compensation costs related to equity instruments granted are recognized over the requisite service periods of the awards on a straight-line basis at the grant-date fair value calculated using a Black-Scholes option pricing model for stock options and the closing stock price on date of grant for restricted stock. Additionally, under the provisions of ASC 718, the Company is required to include an estimate of the number of awards that will be forfeited in calculating compensation costs. Any changes to the estimated forfeiture rates are accounted for prospectively. |
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For stock options granted as consideration for services rendered by non-employees, the Company recognizes expense in accordance with the requirements of ASC Topic 505-50, Equity Based Payments to Non-Employees. Non-employee option grants that do not vest immediately upon grant are recorded as an expense over the vesting period of the underlying stock options. At the end of each financial reporting period prior to vesting, the value of these options, as calculated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, is re-measured using the fair value of the Company’s common stock and the non-cash expense recognized during the period is adjusted accordingly. Since the fair market value of options granted to non-employees is subject to change in the future, the amount of the future expense will include fair value re-measurements until the stock options are fully vested. |
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Segment information | |
Segment information |
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The Company reports segment information in accordance with applicable guidance on segment disclosures. The Company has one reportable segment. |
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Recent Accounting Pronouncements | |
Recent Accounting Pronouncements |
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In August 2014, the FASB issued a new Accounting Standards Update ASU 2014-15, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern. ASU 2014-15 provides guidance on management’s responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about an organization’s ability to continue as a going concern and to provide related footnote disclosures. The guidance is effective for annual periods ending after December 15, 2016 and interim periods within annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016. Early adoption is permitted. |
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In June 2014, The FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-10, Development Stage Entities (Topic 915): Elimination of Certain Financial Reporting Requirements, Including an Amendment to Variable Interest Entities Guidance in Topic 910, Consolidation. This ASU’s objective is to improve financial reporting by reducing cost and complexity associated with the incremental reporting requirements for development stage entities. The Company has previously met the conditions of being a development stage entity and has provided the appropriate disclosures within the financial statements, including inception to date financial reporting. As a result of this ASU, all incremental reporting requirements for development stage entities including inception to date financial reporting will no longer be required to be disclosed in financial statements. The effective date of this ASU is for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2014. However, early adoption is allowed and the Company has early adopted this ASU within the financial statements for 2014, as such, the Company no longer reports inception to date financial information. |
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In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued a comprehensive new revenue recognition Accounting Standards Update, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)” (ASU 2014-09). ASU 2014-09 provides guidance to clarify the principles for recognizing revenue. This guidance includes the required steps to achieve the core principle that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. This guidance is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2016. Early adoption is not permitted. The Company expects to adopt this guidance when effective and is currently evaluating the effect that the updated standard will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. |
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