Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Consolidation and Basis of Presentation The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the amounts of Portola and its wholly-owned subsidiaries and a development partner that is a variable interest entity (a “VIE”) for which Portola is deemed, under applicable accounting guidance, to be the primary beneficiary as of June 30, 2017. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”), and follow the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for interim reporting. As permitted under those rules, certain footnotes or other financial information that are normally required by U.S. GAAP can be condensed or omitted. These condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as our annual consolidated financial statements and contemplate the need to raise additional capital as we continue to incur net operating losses. In light of estimated costs to support the launch of our recently approved product, Bevyxxa, we now estimate our existing capital resources, together with interest thereon, to be sufficient to meet our projected operating requirements into the first quarter of 2018. In order to support the launch as well as to continue advancing our other product candidates on a long-term basis, we plan to supplement anticipated cash receipts, including a committed $100.0 million payment from HCR contingent upon the FDA’s approval of andexanet alfa, through a combination of public or private equity offerings, debt financings, collaborations, strategic alliances, licensing arrangements and/or other marketing and distribution arrangements. In the opinion of management these condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, that are necessary for a fair statement of our financial information. The results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2017 or for any other interim period or for any other future year. The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2016 has been derived from audited financial statements at that date but does not include all of the information required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related financial information should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and the related notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2016 included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 1, 2017 with the SEC. Reclassification Certain immaterial reclassifications have been made to prior period amounts to conform to current period presentation. This reclassification did not have an impact on our results of operations or financial condition as of December 31, 2016. Use of Estimates The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent liabilities and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses in the condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its estimates, including those related to revenue recognition, clinical trial accruals, fair value of assets and liabilities including short-term and long-term classification, embedded derivative liabilities, interest expense, income taxes, in-process research and development, the consolidation of VIEs and deconsolidation of VIEs and stock-based compensation. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other market-specific and relevant assumptions that management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from those estimates. Variable Interest Entities We review agreements we enter into with third party entities, pursuant to which we may have a variable interest in that entity, in order to determine if the entity is a VIE. If the entity is a VIE, we assess whether or not we are the primary beneficiary of that entity. In determining whether we are the primary beneficiary of an entity, we apply a qualitative approach that determines whether we have both (1) the power to direct the economically significant activities of the entity and (2) the obligation to absorb losses of, or the right to receive benefits from, the entity that could potentially be significant to that entity. If we determine we are the primary beneficiary of a VIE, we consolidate the operations and financial position of the VIE into our consolidated financial statements. Our determination about whether we should consolidate such VIEs is made continuously as changes to existing relationships or future transactions may result in a consolidation or deconsolidation event. Intangible Assets In-process research and development asset relates to our consolidated VIE and is considered to be indefinite-lived until the completion or abandonment of the associated research and development efforts. If the project is completed, which generally occurs if and when regulatory approval to market a product is obtained, the carrying value of the related intangible asset is amortized as a part of cost of product revenues over the remaining estimated life of the asset beginning in the period in which the project is completed. If the asset becomes impaired or is abandoned, the carrying value of the related intangible asset is written down to its fair value and an impairment charge is taken in the period in which the impairment occurs. The in-process research and development asset is tested for impairment on an annual basis, and more frequently if indicators are present or changes in circumstances suggest that impairment may exist. Intangible assets with finite useful lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives, on a straight-line basis, and are reviewed for impairment when facts or circumstances suggest that the carrying value of these assets may not be recoverable. See Note 7, “Asset Acquisition and License Agreements,” to these condensed consolidated financial statements for further information. Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and other highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase. Investments in Marketable Securities All investments in marketable securities have been classified as “available-for-sale” and are carried at estimated fair value as determined based upon quoted market prices or pricing models for similar securities. Management determines the appropriate classification of our investments in debt securities at the time of purchase and reevaluates such designation as of each balance sheet date. Unrealized gains and losses are excluded from earnings and were reported as a component of accumulated comprehensive income (loss). Realized gains and losses and declines in fair value judged to be other than temporary, if any, on available-for-sale securities are included in interest and other income, net. The cost of securities sold is based on the specific-identification method. Interest on marketable securities is included in interest and other income, net. Collaboration Collaboration customers who accounted for 10% or more of total collaboration and license revenues were as follows: Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, 2017 2016 2017 2016 Daiichi Sankyo, Inc. 53 % 31 % 47 % 37 % Bayer Pharma, AG and Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 14 % 19 % 15 % 33 % Bristol-Myers Squibb Company and Pfizer Inc. 27 % 41 % 31 % 24 % Revenue Recognition We generate revenue from collaboration and license agreements for the development and commercialization of our products. Collaboration and license agreements may include non-refundable or partially refundable upfront license fees, partial or complete reimbursement of research and development costs, contingent consideration payments based on the achievement of defined collaboration objectives and royalties on sales of commercialized products. Our performance obligations under our collaborations may include the transfer of intellectual property rights (licenses), obligations to provide research and development services and related clinical drug supply, obligations to provide regulatory approval services and obligations to participate on certain development and/or commercialization committees with the collaborators. If we determine that multiple deliverables exist, the consideration is allocated to one or more units of accounting based upon the best estimate of the selling price of each deliverable. The selling price used for each deliverable will be based on vendor-specific objective evidence, if available, third-party evidence if vendor-specific objective evidence is not available, or estimated selling price if neither vendor-specific or third-party evidence is available. In order to account for multiple element arrangements, we identify the deliverables at the inception of the arrangement and each deliverable within a multiple deliverable revenue arrangement is accounted for as a separate unit of accounting if both of the following criteria are met: (1) the delivered item or items have value to the customer on a standalone basis and (2) for an arrangement that includes a general right of return relative to the delivered items, delivery or performance of the undelivered items is considered probable and substantially in our control. A delivered item or items that do not qualify as a separate unit of accounting within the arrangement shall be combined with the other applicable undelivered items within the arrangement. For a combined unit of accounting, non-refundable upfront payments are recognized in a manner consistent with the final deliverable, which has generally been ratably over the period we provide research and development services. Amounts received in advance of performance are recorded as deferred revenue in our condensed consolidated balance sheet and are recognized as collaboration revenue. We regularly review the estimated periods of performance related to our collaborations based on the progress made under each arrangement. Our estimates of our performance period may change over the course of the collaboration term. Such a change could have a material impact on the amount of revenue we record in future periods. Payments that are contingent upon achievement of a substantive milestone are recognized in their entirety in the period in which the milestone is achieved. A milestone is defined as an event that can only be achieved based on our performance and there is substantive uncertainty about whether the event will be achieved at the inception of the arrangement. Events that are contingent only on the passage of time or only on counterparty performance are not considered milestones subject to this guidance. Further, the amounts received must relate solely to prior performance, be reasonable relative to all of the deliverables and payment terms within the agreement and commensurate with our performance to achieve the milestone after commencement of the agreement. Payments contingent upon achievement of events that are not considered substantive milestones are allocated to the respective arrangements unit of accounting when received and recognized as revenue based on the revenue recognition policy for that unit of accounting. Amounts received from our collaboration and license agreements are recognized as revenue if the collaboration arrangement involves the sale of services associated with the development and commercialization of our products at amounts that exceed our cost. Under certain collaboration arrangements, we receive reimbursement for a portion of our research and development costs. Such funding is recognized as a reduction in research and development expense when we engage in a research and development project jointly with another entity, with both entities participating in project activities and sharing costs and potential benefits of the arrangement. Amounts related to research and development and regulatory approval funding are recognized as the related services or activities are performed, in accordance with the contract terms. Payments may be made to or by us based on the number of full-time equivalent researchers assigned to the collaboration project and the related research and development expenses incurred. Interest Expense Notes payable and long-term debt are eligible to be repaid based on royalties from our yet to be marketed product, andexanet alfa. The recognition of interest expense requires us to estimate the total amount of future royalty payments to be generated from product sales by jurisdiction over the life of the agreement. Consequently, we impute interest on the carrying value of the notes payable and long-term debt and record interest expense using an imputed effective interest rate. We reassess the expected royalty payments each reporting period and account for any changes through an adjustment to the effective interest rate on a prospective basis, with a corresponding impact to the classification of our debt and note payable liabilities. Net Loss per Share Attributable to Portola Common Stockholders Basic net loss per share attributable to Portola Common Stockholders is calculated by dividing the net loss attributable to Portola Common Stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of Common Stock outstanding for the period. Diluted net loss per share attributable to Portola Common Stockholders is the same as basic net loss per share attributable to Portola Common Stockholders, since the effects of potentially dilutive securities are antidilutive. Recent Accounting Pronouncements In May 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2017-09, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers Revenue from Contracts with Customers Principal versus Agent Considerations Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients The new revenue standard permits two methods of adoption: retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented (full retrospective method), or retrospectively with the cumulative effect of initially applying the guidance recognized at the date of initial application (the modified retrospective method). We plan to adopt the standard in the first quarter of 2018 using the modified retrospective method. Although we are still evaluating our contracts and assessing all the potential impacts of the standard, we anticipate the adoption may have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements. Specifically, the timing of recognition for certain contingent payments from our collaborators may be impacted by the adoption of the new revenue standard. ASU No. 2014-09 differs from the current accounting standard in many respects, such as in the accounting for variable consideration, including milestone payments or contingent payments. Under our current accounting policy, we recognize contingent or milestone payments as revenue in the period that the payment-triggering event occurred or is achieved. However, under the new revenue standard, it is possible to start to recognize contingent or milestone payments before the payment-triggering event is completely achieved, subject to management’s assessment of whether it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. |